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Journal articles on the topic 'Phonology prosody'
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1
Byrd, Dani, and Jelena Krivokapić. "Cracking Prosody in Articulatory Phonology." Annual Review of Linguistics 7, no. 1 (January 14, 2021): 31–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-linguistics-030920-050033.
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Articulatory Phonology advances an account of phonological structure in which dynamically defined vocal tract tasks—gestures—are simultaneously and isomorphically units of cognitive representation and units of physical action. This paradigm has fundamentally altered our understanding of the linguistic representation of words. This article reviews the relatively recent incorporation of prosody into Articulatory Phonology. A capsule review of the Articulatory Phonology theoretical framework is presented, and the notions of phrasal and prominence organization are introduced as the key aspects of linguistic prosodic structure under consideration. Parameter dynamics, activation dynamics, and prosodic modulation gestures, such as the π-gesture, are outlined. The review is extended to touch on rhythm, intonation, and pauses and to consider innovations for integrating multiple aspects of prosodic structure under this dynamical approach. Finally, a range of questions emerges, crystallizing outstanding issues ranging from the abstract and theoretical to the interactive and functional.
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Frota, Sónia, Marisa Cruz, Rita Cardoso, Isabel Guimarães, Joaquim Ferreira, Serge Pinto, and Marina Vigário. "(Dys)Prosody in Parkinson’s Disease: Effects of Medication and Disease Duration on Intonation and Prosodic Phrasing." Brain Sciences 11, no. 8 (August 20, 2021): 1100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11081100.
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The phonology of prosody has received little attention in studies of motor speech disorders. The present study investigates the phonology of intonation (nuclear contours) and speech chunking (prosodic phrasing) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) as a function of medication intake and duration of the disease. Following methods of the prosodic and intonational phonology frameworks, we examined the ability of 30 PD patients to use intonation categories and prosodic phrasing structures in ways similar to 20 healthy controls to convey similar meanings. Speech data from PD patients were collected before and after a dopaminomimetic drug intake and were phonologically analyzed in relation to nuclear contours and intonational phrasing. Besides medication, disease duration and the presence of motor fluctuations were also factors included in the analyses. Overall, PD patients showed a decreased ability to use nuclear contours and prosodic phrasing. Medication improved intonation regardless of disease duration but did not help with dysprosodic phrasing. In turn, disease duration and motor fluctuations affected phrasing patterns but had no impact on intonation. Our study demonstrated that the phonology of prosody is impaired in PD, and prosodic categories and structures may be differently affected, with implications for the understanding of PD neurophysiology and therapy.
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Bennett, Ryan, and Emily Elfner. "The Syntax–Prosody Interface." Annual Review of Linguistics 5, no. 1 (January 14, 2019): 151–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-linguistics-011718-012503.
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This article provides an overview of current and historically important issues in the study of the syntax–prosody interface, the point of interaction between syntactic structure and phrase-level phonology. We take a broad view of the syntax–prosody interface, surveying both direct and indirect reference theories, with a focus on evaluating the continuing prominent role of prosodic hierarchy theory in shaping our understanding of this area of linguistics. Specific topics discussed in detail include the identification of prosodic domains, the universality of prosodic categories, the recent resurgence of interest in the role of recursion in prosodic structure, crosslinguistic variation in syntax–prosody mapping, prosodic influences on syntax and word order, and the influence of sentence processing in the planning and shaping of prosodic domains. We consider criticisms of prosodic hierarchy theory in particular, and provide an assessment of the future of prosodic hierarchy theory in research on the syntax–prosody interface.
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Sideltsev, Andrei V. "Hittite prosody." Indogermanische Forschungen 123, no. 1 (August 1, 2018): 113–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/if-2018-0005.
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Abstract This paper deals with the prosody of the Hittite sentence connectives nu, šu, ta. It is argued that bare sentence connectives are unstressed, being proclitics, whereas sentence connectives+ encliticsare stressed. Some implications for diachronic and synchronic phonology of Hittite are also discussed.
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McCully, Christopher B. "NON-LINEAR PHONOLOGY AND ELIZABETHAN PROSODY." Transactions of the Philological Society 89, no. 1 (May 1991): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-968x.1991.tb01055.x.
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Downing, Laura J. "Introduction." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 55 (January 1, 2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.55.2011.405.
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In spite of this long history, most work to date on the phonology-syntax interface in Bantu languages suffers from limitations, due to the range of expertise required: intonation, phonology, syntax. Quite generally, intonational studies on African languages are extremely rare. Most of the existing data has not been the subject of careful phonetic analysis, whether of the prosody of neutral sentences or of questions or other focus structures. There are important gaps in our knowledge of Bantu syntax which in turn limit our understanding of the phonology-syntax interface. Recent developments in syntactic theory have provided a new way of thinking about the type of syntactic information that phonology can refer to and have raised new questions: Do only syntactic constituent edges condition prosodic phrasing? Do larger domains such as syntactic phases, or even other factors, like argument and adjunct distinctions, play a role? Further, earlier studies looked at a limited range of syntactic constructions. Little research exists on the phonology of focus or of sentences with non-canonical word order in Bantu languages. Both the prosody and the syntax of complex sentences, questions and dislocations are understudied for Bantu languages. Our project aims to remedy these gaps in our knowledge by bringing together a research team with all the necessary expertise. Further, by undertaking the intonational, phonological and syntactic analysis of several languages we can investigate whether there is any correlation among differences in morphosyntactic and prosodic properties that might also explain differences in phrasing and intonation. It will also allow us to investigate whether there are cross-linguistically common prosodic patterns for particular morpho-syntactic structure.
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LOWE, JOHN J. "Clitics: Separating syntax and prosody." Journal of Linguistics 52, no. 2 (April 24, 2015): 375–419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002222671500002x.
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A problematic feature of clitic positioning attested in a number of languages is the ability of a clitic to appear inside a syntactic unit of which it is not itself a part, apparently due to prosodic restrictions on its positioning. The influence of prosody on syntax presents a challenge for any formal account, particularly any that strives to respect a modular view of the grammatical architecture. I present an account of clitic positioning within a recently proposed model of the syntax–phonology interface that aims at full modularity, showing that it is indeed possible in such an architecture, and showing where and how prosody and syntax interact in this model.
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Downing, Laura J., and Al Mtenje. "prosody of relative clauses in Chewa." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 53 (January 1, 2010): 53–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.53.2010.392.
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This paper tests three current theories of the phonology-syntax interface – Truckenbrodt (1995), Pak (2008) and Cheng & Downing (2007, 2009) – on the prosody of relative clauses in Chewa. Relative clauses, especially restrictive relative clauses, provide an ideal data set for comparing these theories, as they each make distinct predictions about the optimal phrasing. We show that the asymmetrical phase-edge based approach developed to account for similar Zulu prosodic phrasing by Cheng & Downing also best accounts for the Chewa data.
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Shen, Xiaonan. "Phonology of the prosody of mandarin chinese." Cahiers de linguistique - Asie orientale 15, no. 1 (1986): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/clao.1986.1196.
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Xiaonan, Shen. "Phonology of The Prosody of Mandarin Chinese." Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale 15, no. 1 (1986): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19606028-90000018.
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Warren, Paul, Esther Grabe, and Francis Nolan. "Prosody, phonology and parsing in closure ambiguities." Language and Cognitive Processes 10, no. 5 (October 1995): 457–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01690969508407112.
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CRASBORN, ONNO, and ELS VAN DER KOOIJ. "The phonology of focus in Sign Language of the Netherlands." Journal of Linguistics 49, no. 3 (April 11, 2013): 515–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226713000054.
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Signed languages are similar to spoken languages in the overall organisation of their grammars, displaying a prosodic level of organisation that is not isomorphic to the syntactic organisation. Their rich inventory of manual and non-manual features allows for a prolific range of functions if used prosodically. New data from Sign Language of the Netherlands (NGT, Nederlandse Gebarentaal) are discussed to demonstrate that focused constituents are not marked by a single prosodic feature, but rather by multiple properties that can also have other functions in the prosodic phonology of the language. These findings are integrated in an overall model of sign language prosody that emphasises the distinction between phonetic appearance and phonological representation and that allows for the interaction of linguistic and paralinguistic cues in visual communication.
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Chung, Sandra. "The Syntax and Prosody of Weak Pronouns in Chamorro." Linguistic Inquiry 34, no. 4 (October 2003): 547–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002438903322520151.
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In the modular linguistic theory assumed by many generative linguists, phonology and syntax are interconnected but fundamentally independent components of grammar. The effects of syntax on phonology are mediated by prosodic structure, a representation of prosodic constituents calculated from syntactic structure but not isomorphic to it. Within this overall architecture, I investigate the placement of weak pronouns in the Austronesian language Chamorro. Certain Chamorro pronominals can be realized as prosodically deficient weak pronouns that typically occur right after the predicate. I showthat these pronouns are second-position clitics whose placement is determined not syntactically, but prosodically: they occur after the leftmost phonological phrase of their intonational phrase. My analysis of these clitics assumes that lexical insertion is late and can affect and be affected by prosodic phrase formation-assumptions consistent with the view that the mutual interaction of phonology and syntax is confined to the postsyntactic operations that translate syntactic structure into prosodic structure.
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Sato, Yosuke, and Yoshihito Dobashi. "Prosodic Phrasing and the That-Trace Effect." Linguistic Inquiry 47, no. 2 (April 2016): 333–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ling_a_00213.
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We propose here a new PF account of the that-trace effect. Adopting the phase-based theory of the syntax-phonology interface and independent principles of prosodic restructuring, we propose that the complementizer that cannot form a prosodic phrase on its own. We show that this analysis straightforwardly derives the core paradigm surrounding the that-trace effect and its well-documented exceptions triggered by focus, adverbs, parentheticals, resumption, and right node raising. We further argue that the relevant prosodic condition can be derived from the interaction of the Lexical Category Condition ( Truckenbrodt 1999 ) with Prosodic Vacuity ( Kandybowicz 2015 ), within the Match Theory of syntax-prosody correspondence ( Selkirk 2011 ).
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LINDFIELD, KIMBERLY C., ARTHUR WINGFIELD, and HAROLD GOODGLASS. "The contribution of prosody to spoken word recognition." Applied Psycholinguistics 20, no. 3 (September 1999): 395–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716499003045.
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The experiment reported here employed a word-onset gating technique to investigate the role of prosody in word recognition. Subjects were asked to identify words based on word onsets alone, word onsets followed by information about the word duration, or word onsets followed by information about full word prosody (i.e., both duration and stress). Results showed that words were correctly recognized with significantly less segmental onset information when word prosody was available to the subjects. Consistent with this finding, prerecognition error responses reflected correct length and prosody with less onset phonology when prosody information was provided in the stimulus than when only length information was provided. The findings of this experiment confirm the importance of word prosody for spoken word recognition.
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Gut, Ulrike. "Nigerian English prosody." English World-Wide 26, no. 2 (June 14, 2005): 153–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.26.2.03gut.
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Nigerian English (NigE) prosody has often been described as strikingly different from Standard English varieties such as British English (BrE) and American English. One possible source for this is the influence of the indigenous tone languages of Nigeria on NigE. This paper investigates the effects of the language contact between the structurally diverse prosodic systems of English and the three major Nigerian languages. Reading passage style and semi-spontaneous speech by speakers of NigE, BrE, Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba were analysed acoustically in terms of speech rhythm, syllable structure and tonal structure. Results show that NigE prosody combines elements of intonation / stress languages and tone languages. In terms of speech rhythm, syllable structure and syllable length, NigE groups between the Nigerian languages and BrE. NigE tonal properties are different from those of an intonation language such as BrE insofar as tones are associated with syllables and have a grammatical function. Accentuation in NigE is different from BrE in terms of both accent placement and realisation; accents in NigE are associated with high tone. A proposal for a first sketch of NigE intonational phonology is made and parallels are drawn with other New Englishes.
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Kingston, John. "Extrapolating from Spoken to Signed Prosody via Laboratory Phonology." Language and Speech 42, no. 2-3 (June 1999): 251–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00238309990420020601.
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Steedman, Mark. "Information Structure and the Syntax-Phonology Interface." Linguistic Inquiry 31, no. 4 (October 2000): 649–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002438900554505.
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The article proposes a theory of grammar relating syntax, discourse semantics, and intonational prosody. The full range of English intonational tunes distinguished by Beckman and Pierrehumbert (1986) and their semantic interpretation in terms of focus and information structure are discussed, including “discontinuous” themes and rhemes. The theory extends an earlier account based on Combinatory Categorial Grammar, which directly pairs phonological and logical forms without intermediary representational levels.
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Miller, Taylor L., and Hannah Sande. "Is Word-Level Recursion Actually Recursion?" Languages 6, no. 2 (May 30, 2021): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages6020100.
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There is a longstanding debate in the literature about if, and where, recursion occurs in prosodic structure. While there are clear cases of genuine recursion at the phrase level and above, there are very few convincing cases of word-level recursion. Most cases are—by definition—not recursive and instead best analyzed as different constituents (e.g., the Composite Group, Prosodic Word Group, etc.). We show that two convincing cases of prosodic word-level recursion can easily be reanalyzed without recursion if phonology and prosody are evaluated cyclically at syntactic phase boundaries. Our analysis combines phase-based spell-out and morpheme-specific subcategorization frames of Cophonologies by Phase with Tri-P Mapping prosodic structure building. We show that apparent word-level recursion is due to cyclic spell-out, and non-isomorphisms between syntactic and prosodic structure are due to morpheme-specific prosodic requirements.
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Danik, R. J., and Christina Y. Bethin. "Polish Syllables: The Role of Prosody in Phonology and Morphology." Modern Language Review 89, no. 3 (July 1994): 809. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3735225.
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Morgan-Barry, Rosemarie A. "Language use versus phonology versus prosody - a spin-off effect?" First Language 7, no. 21 (October 1987): 241–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014272378700702121.
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Fuchs, Susanne, and Silke Hamann. "Papers in phonetics and phonology." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 37 (January 1, 2004): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.37.2004.243.
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Table of Contents:
T. A. Hall (Indiana University): English syllabification as the interaction of markedness constraints
Antony D. Green: Opacity in Tiberian Hebrew: Morphology, not phonology
Sabine Zerbian (ZAS Berlin): Phonological Phrases in Xhosa (Southern Bantu)
Laura J. Downing (ZAS Berlin): What African Languages Tell Us About Accent Typology
Marzena Zygis (ZAS Berlin): (Un)markedness of trills: the case of Slavic r-palatalisation
Laura J. Downing (ZAS Berlin), Al Mtenje (University of Malawi), Bernd Pompino-Marschall (Humboldt-Universitat Berlin): Prosody and Information Structure in Chichewa
T. A. Hall (Indiana University). Silke Hamann (ZAS Berlin), Marzena Zygis (ZAS Berlin): The phonetics of stop assibilation
Christian Geng (ZAS Berlin), Christine Mooshammer (Universitat Kiel): The Hungarian palatal stop: phonological considerations and phonetic data
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Herrmann, Annika. "The interaction of eye blinks and other prosodic cues in German Sign Language." Sign Language and Linguistics 13, no. 1 (August 20, 2010): 3–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sll.13.1.02her.
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As an interface phenomenon, prosody interacts with all components of grammar, even though it is often subsumed under the broad area of phonology. In sign languages, an equivalent system of prosody reveals interesting results with regard to modality-independent notions of language structure. This paper presents data from a study on German Sign Language (Deutsche Gebärdensprache, DGS) and investigates prosodic cues on the basis of annotated video data. The focus of the study was on eye blinks and their use in prosodic structuring of signed utterances. Systematic methodology, annotation, and statistical evidence provided the basis for a thorough analysis of blinking behavior in DGS. The results suggest a consistent use of certain eye blinks as markers to indicate prosodic phrase boundaries. A constant 70%/30% ratio of prosodic and non-prosodic blinks further indicates the efficient use of this device. Even though some aspects of blinking are subject to inter-signer variation, the prosodic use of blinks is intriguingly similar across signers. However, blinks are not obligatory boundary markers in DGS. I propose an analysis that takes into account various factors such as syntactic constituency, prosodic structuring, and particularly the interplay of various nonmanuals such as eye gaze, head nods, and facial expressions. The fine-grained distinction of blinks resulting from a modified categorization for eye blinks and additional statistical computations give insight into how visual languages realize phrase boundaries and prosodic marking and to what extent they use the system consistently.
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Tumbahang, Mohan Kumar. "Phonology: Tool for Poetic Analysis." JODEM: Journal of Language and Literature 10, no. 1 (September 30, 2019): 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jodem.v10i1.30403.
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This article aims to focus on how the linguistic sound patterns can be a significant tool in literary analysis specifically in the analysis of the literary genre poetry. It attempts to discuss about the crucial points for successful poetic analysis through linguistic sounds which is technically termed as phonemes. To deal with this issue, the article writer has formed a mindset to avail the qualitative research method or the study is based on non-numerical data. The method being the qualitative one, the library consultation and empirical insight are a must. It is fairly expected that the article can be of certain help to the language learners, language teachers, critics, course designers and planners of teaching materials. The article has drawn the conclusion that phonology can be significant means for interpreting the poetic text. The poetic texts/discourses can be analyzed in terms of the frequency of certain sounds’ recurrence. In other words, prosody, tone (author’s attitude), and verse types can be analyzed through the linguistic sound pattern.
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Wells, Bill, and Sue Peppé. "Intonation Abilities of Children With Speech and Language Impairments." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 46, no. 1 (February 2003): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2003/001).
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Intonation has been little studied in children with speech and language impairments, although deficits in related aspects of prosody have been hypothesized to underlie specific language impairment. In this study a new intonation battery, the Profiling Elements of Prosodic Systems-Child version (PEPS-C), was administered to 18 children with speech and/or language impairments (LI). PEPS-C comprises 16 tasks (8 x 8, Input x Output) tapping phonetic and functional aspects of intonation in four areas: grammar, affect, interaction, and pragmatics. Scores were compared to a chronological age (CA) matched group of 28 children and a group of 18 children matched for language comprehension (LC). Measures of language comprehension, expressive language, nonverbal intelligence, and segmental phonology were also taken. The LI group did not score significantly below the LC group on any PEPS-C task. On 5 of 16 tasks, the LI group scored significantly lower than the CA group. In the LI group, there were just 2 significant correlations between a PEPS-C task and 1 of the nonprosodic measures. The results support the view that intonation is relatively discrete from other levels of speech and language while suggesting some specific areas of possible vulnerability: auditory memory for longer prosodic strings and the use of prosody for pragmatic/interactional purposes.
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HAMLAOUI, FATIMA. "On the role of phonology and discourse in Francilian Frenchwh-questions." Journal of Linguistics 47, no. 1 (June 9, 2010): 129–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226710000198.
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It is argued that in Francilian French, the dialect of French spoken in the Paris metropolitan area, in-situ and frontedwh-questions have the same answerhood conditions but vary with respect to their respective focus-set (Reinhart 2006). The difference between the two types of questions lies in the discourse status of their non-whportion. Whereas thewh-phrase is never discourse-given, the non-whportion may or may not be, depending on the discourse context. In Francilian French in-situwh-questions, the non-whportion must be discourse-given. As this language exhibits a strong requirement on sentence stress to be kept rightmost it cannot, in contrast with English, assign sentence stress to a frontedwh-phrase when the non-whportion is discourse-given and needs to be destressed. The only way to simultaneously destress discourse-given items and keep sentence stress rightmost is by aligning thewh-phrase with the right edge of the clause. Whereas in Hungarian prosody triggers movement (Szendrői 2003), in Francilian French, prosody prevents it from occurring. An Optimal Theoretic analysis in the spirit of much recent work on focus and givenness in declaratives (Samek-Lodovici 2005, Féry & Samek-Lodovici 2006) captures this phenomenon.
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Bishop, Jason, Grace Kuo, and Boram Kim. "Phonology, phonetics, and signal-extrinsic factors in the perception of prosodic prominence: Evidence from Rapid Prosody Transcription." Journal of Phonetics 82 (September 2020): 100977. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wocn.2020.100977.
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Arbib, Michael A. "The mirror system hypothesis stands but the framework is much enriched." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 28, no. 2 (April 2005): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x0547003x.
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Challenges for extending the mirror system hypothesis include mechanisms supporting planning, conversation, motivation, theory of mind, and prosody. Modeling remains relevant. Co-speech gestures show how manual gesture and speech intertwine, but more attention is needed to the auditory system and phonology. The holophrastic view of protolanguage is debated, along with semantics and the cultural basis of grammars. Anatomically separated regions may share an evolutionary history.
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Turnbull, Rory. "The phonetics and phonology of lexical prosody in San Jerónimo Acazulco Otomi." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 47, no. 3 (October 18, 2016): 251–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100316000384.
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San Jerónimo Acazulco Otomi (SJAO) is an underdescribed and endangered Oto-Manguean language spoken in central Mexico. This paper provides an analysis of the phonology of tonal contrasts in SJAO and the phonetics of their realization based on pitch pattern data derived from audio recordings of citation forms of SJAO words. Each SJAO lexical word has one and only one tonal sequence – either /H/ or /HL/. This sequence is underlyingly associated with one syllable in the word. Other syllables are not specified for tone, and their phonetic realization is predictable depending on their position relative to the tonal syllable. A phonetic analysis revealed that underlyingly-tonal syllables are phonetically distinct from non-tonal syllables: those with /H/ are produced with greater vocal effort (measured by spectral tilt), and those with /HL/ are longer, louder, and bear a higher f0 (fundamental frequency), compared with non-tonal syllables. This analysis differs from previous accounts of lexical prosody in other Otomi varieties, which have either described a three-way system of high, low, and rising tones contrasting on every stem syllable, or a system where one syllable per word is assigned a stress-like ‘accent’. This difference from previous analyses suggests that there is a third possible characterization of lexical prosody for Otomi, which is appropriate for SJAO and potentially other understudied varieties.
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Hodson, Barbara W., Julie A. Scherz, and Kathy H. Strattman. "Evaluating Communicative Abilities of a Highly Unintelligible Preschooler." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 11, no. 3 (August 2002): 236–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1058-0360(2002/025).
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Procedures to examine the communication abilities of a highly unintelligible 4-year-old during a 90-minute evaluation session are explained in this article. Phonology, metaphonology, speech rate, stimulability, and receptive language are evaluated formally and informally. A conversational speech sample is used to provide information for assessing intelligibility/understandability, fluency, voice quality, prosody, and mean length of response. Methods for determining treatment goals are discussed in the final section.
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Chang, Charles, and Yao Yao. "Toward an Understanding of Heritage Prosody." Heritage Language Journal 13, no. 2 (August 31, 2016): 134–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.46538/hlj.13.2.4.
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In previous work examining heritage language phonology, heritage speakers have often patterned differently from native speakers and late-onset second language (L2) learners with respect to overall accent and segmentals. The current study extended this line of inquiry to suprasegmentals, comparing the properties of lexical tones produced by heritage, native, and L2 speakers of Mandarin living in the U.S. We hypothesized that heritage speakers would approximate native norms for Mandarin tones more closely than L2 speakers, yet diverge from these norms in one or more ways. We further hypothesized that, due to their unique linguistic experience, heritage speakers would sound the most ambiguous in terms of demographic background. Acoustic data showed that heritage speakers approximated native-like production more closely than L2 speakers with respect to the pitch contour of Tone 3, durational shortening in connected speech, and rates of Tone 3 reduction in non-phrase-final contexts, while showing the highest levels of tonal variability among all groups. Perceptual data indicated that heritage speakers’ tones differed from native and L2 speakers’ in terms of both intelligibility and perceived goodness. Consistent with the variability results, heritage speakers were the most difficult group to classify demographically. Taken together, these findings suggest that, with respect to tone, early heritage language experience can, but does not necessarily, result in a phonological advantage over L2 learners. Further, they add support to the view that heritage speakers are language users distinct from both native and L2 speakers.
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Jokanovic-Mihajlov, Jelica. "Phonetics, phonology and prosody of the Serbian language - current state and development prospects." Juznoslovenski filolog 73, no. 3-4 (2017): 207–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jfi1704207j.
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The three standard aspects of research into the phonetic matter - articulatory, acoustic, and phonological - gained unequal interest among the researchers of the Serbian language. The paper surveys the thoroughness of examination of these questions and points out the remaining lacunae which are to be filled by future work. The state of the contemporary phonetic and prosodic scientific literature is being analysed, as well as the contemporary place of these disciplines within Serbian science, the state of the didactic literature and the state of the practice of teaching phonetic disciplines in universities. Attention has also been paid to the ongoing issues of adherence to the speech norm and its study.
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Kapović, Mate. "Notes on the Phonetics, Phonology and Prosody of the Čakavian Dialect of Susak." Zeitschrift für Slawistik 65, no. 4 (October 30, 2020): 498–534. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/slaw-2020-0024.
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Summary The paper deals with synchrony and diachrony of phonetics, phonology and prosody of the Čakavian dialect of Susak (Croatia) based on the author’s fieldwork in 2018. The data is compared to previous studies of the Susak dialect. The local dialect exhibits a number of interesting phonological features – e. g. a complex (“Tsakavian”) opposition of postalveolars (/č, ž, š/) to dentals/alveolars (/c, z, s/), centralization of short /i/ and /o/ (in connection to vowel quantity opposition), complex allophonic realizations of the diphthong /i̯e/, etc. – which may be interesting from the perspective of wider phonological theory.
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Enderby, Jodie L., Julia M. Carroll, M. Luisa Tarczynski-Bowles, and Helen L. Breadmore. "The roles of morphology, phonology, and prosody in reading and spelling multisyllabic words." Applied Psycholinguistics 42, no. 4 (April 29, 2021): 865–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716421000096.
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AbstractWhile most English words are multisyllabic, research on literacy acquisition has tended to focus on early acquisition of monosyllabic words. The processes involved in multisyllabic word reading and spelling in middle childhood are likely to differ from those in monosyllabic reading and spelling. The current paper examines the contributions of morphological awareness (MA; awareness of derivational morphemes), prosodic sensitivity (sensitivity to lexical stress), and phonological awareness (PA; awareness of phonemes) for multisyllabic word reading and spelling, after accounting for background variables (age, vocabulary, nonverbal IQ, short-term memory). Seventy 7–10-year-old children completed a battery of tasks. MA and prosodic sensitivity were independent predictors of multisyllabic reading, while MA and PA were independent predictors of multisyllabic spelling. These results contrast with previous research, which instead found that PA plays a more prominent role while prosodic sensitivity appears to demonstrate only an indirect influence. However, those studies largely examined reading of shorter, one to three syllable words. These findings indicate when words are longer and multisyllabic, prosodic sensitivity, PA, and MA have differing direct influences on literacy. MA and prosodic sensitivity relate to word reading, while MA and PA are important for spelling.
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Galbraith, Daniel. "Meter, prosody and performance: evidence from the Faroese ballads." Nordic Journal of Linguistics 42, no. 3 (September 24, 2019): 227–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0332586519000192.
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AbstractIn this paper, I argue that the folk ballad tradition of the Faroe Islands, to date never examined in detail by metrists, offers substantial empirical support for the necessity of maintaining the classic metrical template, as well as the distinction between metrical and prosodic structure: meter is an abstraction which can neither be collapsed into phonology, nor fundamentally detached from it (Kiparsky 2006, Blumenfeld 2015, pace Hayes & MacEachern 1998, Fabb & Halle 2008). The ballad performances also reveal a unidirectional correspondence from strong metrical positions to strong dance steps and strong musical beats, indicating that metrical prominence plays a significant role in determining rhythm. The Faroese tradition thus provides a window into the relation between metrical structure and performance. In support of my conclusions I draw upon both the ballad texts and audio-visual recordings of sections of sample ballads I made on the Faroe Islands.
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Bortolini, Umberta, and Laurence B. Leonard. "Phonology and grammatical morphology in specific language impairment: Accounting for individual variation in English and Italian." Applied Psycholinguistics 17, no. 1 (January 1996): 85–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716400009474.
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ABSTRACTChildren with specific language impairment (SLI) often show more limited use of grammatical morphology than younger, normally developing children matched according to mean length of utterance (MLU). However, within groups of children with SLI, individual differences are seen in grammatical morpheme use. In this study, we examined the role of weak syllable use in explaining some of these differences. Employing two different languages – English and Italian - children with SLI were placed into pairs. The children in each pair showed similar MLUs; however, one member of the pair showed a greater use of particular function words. In each of the pairs examined in both languages, the children with the greater use of function words also showed a greater use of weak syllables that did not immediately follow strong syllables. The weak syllable productions of children showing a more limited use of function words in each pair seemed to be dependent on a strong syllable-weak syllable production sequence. This sequence appeared to be operative across several prosodic levels, as defined within the framework of prosodic phonology. Because weak syllables that follow strong syllables usually have longer durations than those that precede strong syllables, the findings might have a perceptual basis. However, the results raise the possibility that limitations in prosody can restrict the degree of grammatical morpheme use by children with SLI.
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Gut, Ulrike. "Phonological development in different learning contexts." Segmental, prosodic and fluency features in phonetic learner corpora 3, no. 2 (December 4, 2017): 196–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijlcr.3.2.05gut.
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Abstract This paper examines the effect of learning context on the improvement of some L2 phonological parameters. Based on the Learning Prosody corpus (LeaP), it investigates the speech of 29 learners with various L1s who were recorded before and after either (i) a six to nine-month stay abroad, (ii) a six-month training course in the target language phonology or (iii) a stay abroad that included instruction in the L2 phonology. Quantitative corpus analyses were carried out on the learners’ vowel reduction, intonation and on their oral fluency. Results showed gains for all learner groups in pitch range, vowel reduction and fluency, but only one significant gain for the training course participants (group 2) as compared to the stay abroad groups. Qualitative corpus analyses revealed the pronounced variation across individual learners and suggest an intricate interplay between speaking styles and learning contexts.
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Piispanen, Peter Sauli. "A prosody-controlled semi-vowel alternation in Yukaghir." Journal of Historical Linguistics 6, no. 2 (December 31, 2016): 247–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jhl.6.2.04pii.
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This article shows that Yukaghir underwent a regular sound change whereby all word-internal and word-final w phonemes became j, probably in Early Proto-Yukaghir. After degemination had occurred, possibly in Middle Proto-Yukaghir, any j in an intervocalic position of disyllabic roots was followed by an epenthetic l, as it still is in the modern Yukaghir languages. Palatalization, labialization, uvularization, and assimilative effects finally formed the Late Proto-Yukaghir forms from which the modern languages have arisen. Word-class prosody controls epenthesis, vowel lengthening, and any further word-final vowel changes. Identifying these historical processes also strengthens the evidence that Yukaghir is genealogically related to Uralic. The Uralic and Yukaghiric correspondences are carefully analyzed as to phonology and semantics, resulting in over fifty new or revised cognate suggestions. Further, Yukaghiric shows a trend towards a reduction of the number of root syllables in the comparison. The semi-vowel w remained unchanged word-initially in Tundra Yukaghir and has thus been a continuous part of the Yukaghir phonemic register. Lexemes containing the semi-vowel w found in modern Yukaghir in word-internal and final positions arose from other sources only after the semi-vowel alternation sound change rule.
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Łodzikowski, Kacper, and Mateusz Jekiel. "Board games for teaching English prosody to advanced EFL learners." ELT Journal 73, no. 3 (February 28, 2019): 275–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccy059.
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Abstract This exploratory study fills the gap in research on using print board games to teach English prosody to advanced EFL learners at university level. We developed three in-class print-and-play board games that accompanied three prosody-related topics in a course in English phonetics and phonology at a Polish university. For those topics, compared to topics without any board games, learners reported higher in-class engagement and obtained higher post-class quiz scores. At the end of the course, learners rated board games as equally or more useful than some of the other teaching aids. Although traditional printed worksheets were still rated as the most useful teaching aid, learners expressed their preference for using extra classroom time for playing board games instead of completing extra worksheet exercises. We hope these promising results will encourage teachers to experiment with implementing these and other board games in their advanced curricula.
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Jun, Sun-Ah, and Xiannu Jiang. "Differences in prosodic phrasing in marking syntax vs. focus: Data from Yanbian Korean." Linguistic Review 36, no. 1 (February 23, 2019): 117–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tlr-2018-2009.
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Abstract In studying the effect of syntax and focus on prosodic phrasing, the main issue of investigation has been to explain and predict the location of a prosodic boundary, and not much attention has been given to the nature of prosodic phrasing. In this paper, we offer evidence from intonation patterns of utterances that prosodic phrasing can be formed differently phonologically and phonetically due to its function of marking syntactic structure vs. focus (prominence) in Yanbian Korean, a lexical pitch accent dialect of Korean spoken in the northeastern part of China, just above North Korea. We show that the location of a H tone in syntax-marking Accentual Phrase (AP) is determined by the type of syntactic head, noun or verb (a VP is marked by an AP-initial H while an NP is marked by an AP-final H), while prominence-marking accentual phrasing is cued by AP-initial H. The difference in prosodic phrasing due to its dual function in Yanbian Korean is compared with that of Seoul Korean, and a prediction is made on the possibility of finding such difference in other languages based on the prosodic typology proposed in (Jun, Sun-Ah. 2014b. Prosodic typology: by prominence type, word prosody, and macro-rhythm. In Sun-Ah Jun (ed.), Prosodic Typology II: The Phonology of Intonation and Phrasing. 520–539. Oxford: Oxford University Press).
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Basbøll, Hans. "Prosody, productivity and word structure: the stød pattern of Modern Danish." Nordic Journal of Linguistics 26, no. 1 (June 2003): 5–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s033258650300101x.
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Parts of a new model of phonology-morphology-lexicon interplay is presented to account for the complex distribution of the Modern Danish stød (a syllabic prosody). Stød, which is sometimes productive for speakers, is analysed as a signal of the second mora of bimoraic syllables not subject to the Non-Stød Principle (NSP). The author's cross-language model for Systematically Graded Productivity of Endings (section 3) is shown to account for the application of NSP (section 4), and a detailed typology of lexemes with respect to stød-alternations, derived from the model, is presented in section 5. In section 6, a simple case of stød-alternations in inflection, viz. regular plurals of nouns, is given, and section 7 exemplifies stød and non-stød as a key to morphology for the addressee.
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Hamlaoui, Fatima. "Introduction." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 57 (January 1, 2014): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.57.2014.416.
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Bantu languages have been at the heart of the research on the interaction between syntax, prosody and information structure. In these predominantly SVO languages, considerable attention has been devoted to postverbal phenomena. By addressing issues related to Subjects, Topics and Object-Verb word orders, the goal of the present papers is to deepen our understanding of the interaction of different grammatical components (syntax, phonology, semantics/pragmatics) both in individual languages and across the Bantu family. Each paper makes a valuable contribution to ongoing discussions on the preverbal domain.
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김현주. "The Interaction of Prosody and Vowel Epenthesis in Loanword Adaptation: Phonology, Phonetics, and Learnability." Korean Journal of Linguistics 40, no. 3 (September 2015): 333–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18855/lisoko.2015.40.3.003.
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Rochoń, Marzena. "Prosodic constituents in the representation of consonantal sequences in Polish." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 19 (January 1, 2000): 177–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.19.2000.72.
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The aim of this paper is to show what role prosodic constituents, especially the foot and the prosodic word play in Polish phonology. The focus is placed on their function in the representation of extrasyllabic consonants in word-initial, word-medial, and word-final positions.
The paper is organized as follows. In the first section, I show that the foot and the prosodic word are well-motivated prosodic constituents in Polish prosody. In the second part, I discuss consonant clusters in Polish focussing on segments that are not parsed into a syllable due to violations of the Sonority Sequencing Generalisation, i.e. extrasyllabic segments. Finally, I analyze possible representations of the extrasyllabic consonants and conclude that both the foot and the prosodic word play a crucial role in terms of licensing. My proposal differs from the ones by Rubach and Booij (1990b) and Rubach (1997) in that I argue that the word-initial sonorants traditionally called extrasyllabic are licenced by the foot and not by the prosodic word (cf. Rubach and Booij (1990b)) or the syllable (cf. Rubach (1997)). For my analysis I adopt the framework of Optimality Theory, cf. McCarthy and Prince (1993), Prince and Smolensky (1993), in which derivational levels are abandoned and only surface representations are evaluated by means of universal constraints.
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Tenani, Luciani. "Considerações sobre a Relação entre Processos de Sândi e Ritmo (Some Considerations about the Relationship between Sandhi processes and Rhythm)." Estudos da Língua(gem) 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2006): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.22481/el.v3i1.1011.
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Neste artigo, tratamos de dois temas relativamente polêmicos na fonologia: a classificação rítmica das línguas e a consideração de processos segmentais como evidências de classes rítmicas. A questão central deste texto é: qual a relação entre processos de sândi e organização rítmica de uma língua? A fim de trazer subsídios que permitam tratar dessa questão, analisamos seis processos fonológicos: vozeamento da fricativa, tapping, haplologia, degeminação, elisão e ditongação. Com base na análise de dados do Português Brasileiro, argumentamos que, para se definir o ritmo lingüístico, deve ser considerada a organização hierárquica dos constituintes prosódicos aos quais estão submetidos os processos de sândi que afetam as sílabas.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Fonologia. Ritmo. Prosódia. Sândi. Língua portuguesa.ABSTRACTIn this article, we deal with two relatively polemic themes in phonology: (i) the rhythmic classification of languages and (ii) the consideration of segmental processes as evidence for rhythmic classes. Our main question is: what is the relationship between segmental processes and rhythmic organization of one given language? In order to bring up data for dealing with this question, it is analysed six sandhi processes: fricative voicing, tapping, syllable degemination, vowel merge, vowel deletion and semi-vocalization. Based on Brazilian Portuguese data for these processes, we argue that, in order to identify the linguistic rhythm, it must be considered the hierarchical organization of those prosodic domains to which sandhi processes that affect syllables are submitted to KEYWORDS: Phonology. Rhythm. Prosody. Sandhi. Portuguese.
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Walters, J. Roderick. "“Celtic English”." English World-Wide 24, no. 1 (May 9, 2003): 63–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.24.1.05wal.
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The article examines the phonology of Rhondda Valleys English, an accent of the Welsh “Valleys”, to try to discover to what degree it is influenced by the Welsh language. It finds some features of segmental phonology which appear to be direct transfers. However, most of these appear to be recessive, since they are found mostly in the speech of older generations born at a time when there was considerably more Welsh spoken in the Rhondda than at present. The article lists other non-standard features of segmental phonology where parallel sounds exist in the Welsh language, but it cannot be stated with certainty that Welsh is the primary source. In such cases, the Welsh substratum may be acting at least to reinforce the presence of the features concerned. Finally, the article looks at the suprasegmentals (prosody) of Rhondda Valleys English. Here, because the similarities with the Welsh language are so striking and there are no obvious parallels with neighbouring dialects of England, it would seem very likely that most of the features concerned constitute direct transfers. Since such Welsh-language derived suprasegmental features seem more pervasive than the segmental ones, they may well form the strongest and most enduring “Celtic imprint” on the dialect studied.
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GUSSENHOVEN, CARLOS, and PETER VAN DER VLIET. "The phonology of tone and intonation in the Dutch dialect of Venlo." Journal of Linguistics 35, no. 1 (March 1999): 99–135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226798007324.
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The Dutch dialect of Venlo has a lexical tone opposition comparable to the distinction between Accent I and Accent II in Scandinavian. The two word tone patterns are realised in a variety of different ways, depending on the intonation contour, on whether the word has a focus tone, and on whether it occurs finally or nonfinally in the intonational phrase (IP). Twelve such contexts are identified, and an autosegmental-metrical analysis is presented of the contours for the word tones in each of these. The analysis is instructive because of its clear illustration of the distinction between the phonological underlying representation and the phonological surface representation, as well as of the distinction between the latter representation and the phonetic realisation. In addition, because of the complexity of its tonal phonology, the dialect is of considerable typological interest for the study of word prosody and intonation.
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Gelman, Susan A. "THE CROSS-LINGUISTIC STUDY OF LANGUAGE ACQUISITION. VOL. 5: EXPANDING THE CONTEXTS.Dan Isaac Slobin (Ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum, 1997. Pp. xiii + 339. $89.95 cloth." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 22, no. 1 (March 2000): 113–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263100211054.
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This is the fifth volume in a renowned series edited by Dan Slobin, focusing on cross-linguistic studies of children acquiring their first language. The series is seminal for its focus on languages other than English and for addressing the astonishing diversity and complexity of the language acquisition task. Slobin notes that, in contrast to Chomskyan models that consider core grammar to be the main topic of interest, the series was conceived with the notion of showing “how much fruit there is beyond the core” (p. 14). The goal of Volume 5 is to explore themes that were relatively backgrounded in the others. Specifically, these themes include: typological analysis, semantic systems, phonology and prosody, individual differences, and diachronic processes.
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MORGAN, GARY, SARAH BARRETT-JONES, and HELEN STONEHAM. "The first signs of language: Phonological development in British Sign Language." Applied Psycholinguistics 28, no. 1 (January 2007): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716407070014.
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A total of 1,018 signs in one deaf child's naturalistic interaction with her deaf mother, between the ages of 19 and 24 months were analyzed. This study summarizes regular modification processes in the phonology of the child sign's handshape, location, movement, and prosody. First, changes to signs were explained by the notion of phonological markedness. Second, the child managed her production of first signs through two universal processes: structural change and substitution. Constraints unique to the visual modality also caused sign language-specific acquisition patterns, namely, more errors for handshape articulation in locations in peripheral vision, a high frequency of whole sign repetitions and feature group rather than one-to-one phoneme substitutions as in spoken language development.
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Dehaene-Lambertz, G., L. Hertz-Pannier, J. Dubois, and S. Dehaene. "How Does Early Brain Organization Promote Language Acquisition in Humans?" European Review 16, no. 4 (October 2008): 399–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798708000513.
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Speech processing in adults relies on precise and specialized networks, located primarily in the left hemisphere. Behavioural studies in infants indicate that a considerable amount of language learning already takes place in the first year of life in the domains of phonology, prosody, and word segmentation. Thanks to the progress of neuro-imaging, we can move beyond behavioural methods and examine how the infant’s brain processes verbal stimuli before learning. These studies reveal a structural and functional organization close to what is described in adults and suggest a strong bias for speech processing in these regions that might guide infants in the discovery of the properties of their native language, although no evidence can be provided as yet for speech specificity of such networks.