Relevant bibliographies by topics / Phosphates

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Phosphates'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 28 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Phosphates"

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Wolschendorf, Frank, Maysa Mahfoud, and Michael Niederweis. "Porins Are Required for Uptake of Phosphates by Mycobacterium smegmatis." Journal of Bacteriology 189, no. 6 (2007): 2435–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01600-06.

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ABSTRACT Phosphorus is an essential nutrient, but how phosphates cross the mycobacterial cell wall is unknown. Phosphatase activity in whole cells of Mycobacterium smegmatis was significantly lower than that in lysed cells, indicating that access to the substrate was restricted. The loss of the outer membrane (OM) porin MspA also reduced the phosphatase activity in whole cells compared to that in lysed cells. A similar result was obtained for M. smegmatis that overexpressed endogenous alkaline phosphatase, indicating that PhoA is not a surface protein, contrary to a previous report. The uptake of phosphate by a mutant lacking the porins MspA and MspC was twofold lower than that by wild-type M. smegmatis. Strikingly, the loss of these porins resulted in a severe growth defect of M. smegmatis on low-phosphate plates. We concluded that the OM of M. smegmatis represents a permeability barrier for phosphates and that Msp porins are the only OM channels for the diffusion of phosphate in M. smegmatis. However, phosphate diffusion through Msp pores is rather inefficient as shown by the 10-fold lower permeability of M. smegmatis for phosphate compared to that for glucose. This is likely due to the negative charges in the constriction zone of Msp porins. The phosphatase activity in whole cells of Mycobacterium bovis BCG was significantly less than that in lysed cells, indicating a similar uptake pathway for phosphates in slow-growing mycobacteria. However, porins that could mediate the diffusion of phosphates across the OM of M. bovis BCG and Mycobacterium tuberculosis are unknown.
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Asenjo, Ana, Lorena Rodríguez, and Nieves Villanueva. "Determination of phosphorylated residues from human respiratory syncytial virus P protein that are dynamically dephosphorylated by cellular phosphatases: a possible role for serine 54." Journal of General Virology 86, no. 4 (2005): 1109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.80692-0.

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The 241 aa human respiratory synctyial virus (HRSV) Long strain P protein is phosphorylated at serines 116, 117 and/or 119, and 232. Phosphates added to these residues have slow turnover and can be detected in the absence of protein phosphatase inhibition. Inhibition of phosphatases PP1 and PP2A increases the level of phosphorylation at serines 116, 117 and/or 119, suggesting a more rapid turnover for phosphates added to these residues compared to that of S232. High-turnover phosphorylation is detected in the P-protein NH2-terminal region, mainly at S54 and, to a lesser extent, at S39, in the Long strain. When the P protein bears the T46I substitution (in the remaining HRSV strains), phosphates are added to S30, S39, S45 and S54. Phosphatase PP1 removes phosphate at residues in the central part of the P-protein molecule, whereas those in the NH2-terminal region are removed by phosphatase PP2A. The significance of the phosphorylation of the NH2-terminal region residues for some P-protein functions was studied. The results indicated that this modification is not essential for P-protein oligomerization or for its role in viral RNA synthesis. Nonetheless, dephosphorylation at S54 could facilitate P–M protein interactions that probably occur during the egress of viral particles.
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Jamroz, Dorota, Agnieszka Gajda-Janiak, Zbigniew Wzorek, Zygmunt Kowalski, and Janusz Kubizna. "Chemical and Biological Characteristics of Different Hydrated Monocalcium Phosphates for Broiler Chickens." Annals of Animal Science 12, no. 2 (2012): 187–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10220-012-0016-4.

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Chemical and Biological Characteristics of Different Hydrated Monocalcium Phosphates for Broiler ChickensThree hydrated monocalcium phosphates differing in purity (with or without monetite, or monetite and calcite) and in crystalline structure were used in broiler chickens diets. The performance indices, concentration of Ca, P and Mg and activity of alkaline phosphatase in blood plasma, the content of these mineral elements in bones, and physico-mechanical parameters of femur and tibia bones were recorded. Body weight on 35th day of life, feed intake and mechanical parameters of bone quality were slightly affected by the type of phosphates used. Higher Ca and P concentration in blood was stated in chickens fed diets with greater purity of phosphates, but activity of alkaline phosphatase has increased with the admixture of monetite or calcite used in phosphates. The best parameters of bone quality were found in the treatment in which hydrated monocalcium phosphate (MCP) with admixture of monetite and calcite was applied. Higher concentration of both Ca and Mg in bone was determined in chickens fed diets with pure phosphates.
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de Groot, H., H. de Groot, and T. Noll. "Enzymic determination of inorganic phosphates, organic phosphates and phosphate-liberating enzymes by use of nucleoside phosphorylase-xanthine oxidase (dehydrogenase)-coupled reactions." Biochemical Journal 230, no. 1 (1985): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2300255.

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Coupled enzyme assays are described for measuring inorganic phosphates, organic phosphates and phosphate-liberating enzymes in biological material. The assays all determine Pi by its reaction with inosine, catalysed by nucleoside phosphorylase; this yields ribose 1-phosphate and hypoxanthine. The hypoxanthine is oxidized to uric acid by xanthine oxidase, and may be measured either by the absorbance of the uric acid, or by the formazan formed when a tetrazolium salt is used as the oxidant. The coupled enzyme assays are characterized by high sensitivity, quantitative utilization of phosphates and stoichiometric formation of the measurable products, measurement at pH 6.0-8.5, determination of phosphates within a single analytical step, and continuous measurement of phosphohydrolase activity in a corresponding rate assay. Examples include determinations of substrates such as Pi, PPi and AMP, and of enzymes such as 5′-nucleotidase, inorganic pyrophosphatase and glucose-6-phosphatase. Directions for further examples are given.
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Tang, Xiaoyun, and David N. Brindley. "Lipid Phosphate Phosphatases and Cancer." Biomolecules 10, no. 9 (2020): 1263. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10091263.

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Lipid phosphate phosphatases (LPPs) are a group of three enzymes (LPP1–3) that belong to a phospholipid phosphatase (PLPP) family. The LPPs dephosphorylate a wide spectrum of bioactive lipid phosphates, among which lysophosphatidate (LPA) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) are two important extracellular signaling molecules. The LPPs are integral membrane proteins, which are localized on plasma membranes and intracellular membranes, including the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi network. LPPs regulate signaling transduction in cancer cells and demonstrate different effects in cancer progression through the breakdown of extracellular LPA and S1P and other intracellular substrates. This review is intended to summarize an up-to-date understanding about the functions of LPPs in cancers.
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Kidder, D. L., and K. Swett. "Basal Cambrian reworked phosphates from Spitsbergen (Norway) and their implications." Geological Magazine 126, no. 1 (1989): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800006166.

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AbstractSeveral phosphatic zones are associated with the oldest remains of shelly fossils on the arctic island of Spitsbergen. The phosphate occurs as reworked nodules and layers associated with a disconformity. A gap in the acritarch biostratigraphic record supports a hiatus associated with the phosphatic zone. Palaeogeographic positions for Svalbard, both (1) as a single unit, and (2) as three isolated parts prior to Caledonian tectonism are consistent with conditions favourable to at least minimal amounts of upwelling. However, upwelling may not have been a prerequisite for development of these phosphate deposits. These phosphates were deposited in a nearshore shelf environmnt which contrasts with the outer shelf setting of many modern and recent phosphate deposits.Geochemistry of the Lower Cambrian phosphates of Spitsbergen varies with the mode of phosphate occurrence. Concretionary phosphate clasts are chemically zoned such that their centres are enriched in P2O5 and CaO and are depleted in A12O3, SiO2, and K2O. Laminated and thinly bedded phosphate shows no chemical zonation within clasts. Phosphate cements are the most pure with respect to calcium phosphate.This thin phosphatic zone of Svalbard is minor when compared with thicker and richer Lower Cambrian phosphate deposits, particularly those in the Soviet Union, Southeast Asia, and Australia. Coupled with the near absence of phosphate in some extensive Proterozoic to Lower Palaeozoic successions (e.g. western North America), this emphasizes the fact that widespread Lower Cambrian phosphate deposition was unevenly distributed. Althouth the Upper Proterozoic and Lower Cambrian are characterized by enhanced phosphogenesis, palaeogeographic position was also apparently critical to deposition of phosphatic sediments.
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Klumpp, Susanne, Jan Hermesmeier, Dagmar Selke, Ralf Baumeister, Roland Kellner, and Josef Krieglstein. "Protein Histidine Phosphatase: A Novel Enzyme with Potency for Neuronal Signaling." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 22, no. 12 (2002): 1420–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.wcb.0000045041.03034.99.

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The importance of reversible phosphorylation for neuronal signaling and cell survival is well recognized. Knowledge in vertebrates, however, is so far limited to O-phosphates from serine, threonine, and tyrosine. The authors describe an enzyme acting on N-phosphates. It is the first protein histidine phosphatase identified in vertebrates. This histidine phosphatase is ubiquitously expressed in mammalian tissues including brain. Characterization and sequencing showed a yet unknown protein with no similarity to other phosphatases. In Caenorhabditis elegans, the homolog of this histidine phosphatase was exclusively expressed in neurons, suggesting a distinct role of reversible histidine phosphorylation in neuronal functions.
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Nignan, Iliassou, Jean Ouedraogo, Satoshi Nakamura, Idriss Serme, and Kalifa Coulibaly. "Effets du mode d’application d’engrais phosphatés (CBKCa et TSP) sur la productivité du mil (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br) au centre ouest du Burkina Faso." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 17, no. 6 (2024): 2312–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i6.14.

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La distance d’application des phosphatés pourrait influencer la réponse des cultures à la fertilisation phosphatée due à la faible mobilité du phosphore. Ainsi, une étude a été conduite en 2021 et 2022 à Saria, pour évaluer l’effet de la distance d’application de deux engrais phosphatés sur la productivité du mil. Se sont le Burkina Phosphate calciné enrichi en calcium (CBKCa) et triple super phosphate (TSP). Pour ce faire, un dispositif factoriel avec quatre répétitions a été installé. Les phosphates ont été appliquées sur les parcelles principales à trois distances d’application (0 ; 5 et 10 cm du collet du mil), sur les parcelles secondaires. 23 kg P2O5.ha-1 de ces engrais a été appliqués en combinaison avec du NKSB (37-14-6-1). Les résultats ont montré que quelle que soit l’année et indépendamment de la distance, le CBKCa et le TSP ont enregistré des valeurs moyennes identiques concernant les paramètres de croissance et la production de biomasse. L’application des phosphates, à 5 cm, a entraîné une augmentation significative du rendement en grain de 42% et 35% en 2021 par rapport à l’apport à 10 et 0 cm. En 2022, ces augmentations étaient de 111% et 33%. L’application de CBKCa à 5 cm pourrait être recommandée.
 The distance of application of phosphates could influence the response of crops to phosphate fertilization due to the low mobility of phosphorus. Thus, a study was conducted in 2021 and 2022 in Saria, to evaluate the effect of the distance of application of two phosphate fertilizers on millet productivity. These are Burkina Calcined Phosphate enriched with calcium (CBKCa) and triple super phosphate (TSP). To do this, a factorial design with four repetitions was installed. The phosphates were applied to the main plots at three application distances (0, 5 and 10 cm from the millet collar), to the secondary plots. 23 kg P2O5.ha-1 of these fertilizers was applied in combination with NKSB (37-14-6-1). The results showed that whatever the year and independently of the distance, CBKCa and TSP recorded identical average values regarding growth parameters and biomass production. The application of phosphates, at 5 cm, led to a significant increase in grain yield of 42% and 35% in 2021 compared to the application at 10 and 0 cm. In 2022, these increases were 111% and 33%. Application of CBKCa at 5 cm could be recommended.
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Höer, A., and E. Oberdisse. "Inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate and inositol hexakisphosphate are inhibitors of the soluble inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate 3-phosphatase and the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate/1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate 5-phosphatase from pig brain." Biochemical Journal 278, no. 1 (1991): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2780219.

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The influence of highly phosphorylated inositol phosphates on the Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 3-phosphatase enriched from the soluble fraction of pig brain was tested, using [5-32P]Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 as substrate. Both Ins(1,3,4,5,6)P5 and InsP6 were very potent inhibitors of the Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 3-phosphatase. The Ki values were approximately 60 nM and approximately 3 nM for Ins(1,3,4,5,6)P5 and InsP6 respectively. Ins(1,3,4,5,6)P5 and InsP6 also inhibited the Ins(1,4,5)P3/Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 5-phosphatase. Using Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 as substrate, the Ki values were about 35 microM and 15 microM for Ins(1,3,4,5,6)P5 and InsP6 respectively. The concentrations which led to a 50% inhibition of Ins(1,4,5)P3 (0.5 microM) degradation by the 5-phosphatase were about 20 and 10 microM for the pentakis- and hexakis-phosphate respectively. As the intracellular concentrations of Ins(1,3,4,5,6)P5 and InsP6 are high (up to 60 microM) compared with those of the inositol trisphosphates and tetrakisphosphates, it is possible that the highly phosphorylated inositol phosphates act as regulators in the metabolism of Ca(2+)-mobilizing inositol phosphates.
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SUÁREZ, V. B., L. FRISÓN, M. Z. de BASÍLICO, M. RIVERA, and J. A. REINHEIMER. "Inhibitory Activity of Phosphates on Molds Isolated from Foods and Food Processing Plants." Journal of Food Protection 68, no. 11 (2005): 2475–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-68.11.2475.

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Six commercial phosphates were evaluated for inhibition of the growth of 17 molds isolated from food sources. The assays were performed at neutral and natural (without pH adjustment) pH values, and the molds were streaked on plate count agar with added phosphates. Phosphate concentrations of 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5% (wt/vol) were used, and the MIC was determined. The resistance of molds to phosphates depended on the species. At a neutral pH, Aspergillus ochraceus and Fusarium proliferatum were resistant to all phosphates at all concentrations assayed, and Byssochlamys nivea, Aureobasidium pullulans, and Penicillium glabrum were most sensitive. The most inhibitory phosphates were those with chain lengths greater than 15 phosphate units and the highest sequestering power. At natural pH values (resulting from dissolving the phosphate in the medium), inhibitory activity changed dramatically for phosphates that produced alkaline or acidic pH in the medium. Phosphates with alkaline pH values (sodium tripolyphosphate of high solubility, sodium tripolyphosphate, and sodium neutral pyrophosphate) were much more inhibitory than phosphates at a neutral pH, but sodium acid pyrophosphate (acidic pH) had decreased inhibitory activity. The results indicate that some phosphates could be used in the food industry to inhibit molds linked to food spoilage.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Phosphates"

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Keita, Ousainou Ansumana. "The synthesis of new phenylhydroxyiodonium phosphates from (diacetoxyiodobenzene) and dialkyl phosphates and their use in the α-phosphorylation of ketones to mono-ketol phosphates". University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1197558427.

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Ashraf, Imran [Verfasser]. "Phosphate ageing in soil and bioavailability of aged phosphates / Imran Ashraf." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1081302763/34.

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Kong, Anne Mandy 1973. "Cloning and characterisation of a novel 72 kDa inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase." Monash University, Dept. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/9036.

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Shekhar, Avinash. "REVERSION OF POLY-PHOSPHATES TO ORTHO-PHOSPHATES IN WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2202.

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Orthophosphates and polyphosphates are rarely present at significant levels in raw water source but are purposefully added to the water in various forms to inhibit corrosion, iron oxidation (red water), or calcium carbonate precipitation (scale formation). Orthophosphates serve as building blocks for polyphosphates, which includes structures in linear chain, branched chains (metaphosphate) and "glassy" polyphosphate polymers. The advantage of polyphosphates over ortho phosphates lies in the fact that they slowly revert to orthophosphates and thus provide corrosion inhibition action over longer period of time in distribution systems. A study was completed for Tampa Bay Water on water distribution systems in a changing water quality environment. Blended orthophosphates was used as one of the corrosion inhibitors to study its effects on metal release and thus justify its application in comparison to other corrosion inhibitors like orthophosphates, zinc orthophosphates and silicates. This work focuses on the study of reversion of polyphosphates to ortho phosphates. A first-order model was developed that quantifies reversion as a function of the hydraulic residence time and initial poly phosphate concentration. The same model was used in two different forms &#150; one for the hybrid lines and the other for single material lines. The results from single material lines (estimated by a non linear least square regression using ANOVA) showed that the reversion rate was highest for galvanized pipe followed by unlined cast iron, lined cast iron and the lowest rate in PVC. The first-order reversion rate constant in PVC was almost two log orders less than galvanized line. A high first-order rate constant for the galvanized pipe could be attributed to a rougher surface, large surface area, reaction with the wall surface, pipe material or a combination of these effects. The results from the hybrid PDSs (estimated by an algebraic manipulation of the first-order reaction) substantially agree with the results obtained from the single material lines, with the exception of the PVC material. The data from the hybrid lines confirms that the reversion rate constant is greatest for exposure to galvanized pipe materials, but the hybrid data indicate that the rate constant associated with PVC is somewhat larger than the constants determined for either LCI or UCI. Once an overall first-order rate expression was established, efforts were made to find a relation between polyphosphate reversions with bulk water quality. None of the major water quality parameters were found to significantly affect the reversion. This observation may be attributable to a similar water quality over the study duration. A positive correlation was found between first-order reversion rate constant and temperature. An empirical equation (modified Arrhenius equation) that relates the first-order reversion rate constant with temperature was developed that showed a strong sensitivity to temperature. The results from this study could be used to predict the stability of polyphosphates in distribution systems with varying pipe materials and temperature.<br>M.S.<br>Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering<br>Engineering and Computer Science<br>Environmental Engr MSEnvE
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Abderrahim, Mohamed Lofti. "Contribution de l'imagerie numérique à l'analyse des phosphates : application au bassin phosphate de Gafsa (Tunisie)." Saint-Etienne, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996STET4015.

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Les techniques orientées vers le traitement des phosphates et en particulier celles relatives à la détermination de la fraction exploitable reposent actuellement sur deux procédés : l'examen au microscope et la détermination par des méthodes analytiques : chimique, physique et physico-chimique (spectrographie, rayon x, etc. ). On identifie ainsi les phases présentes (analyse qualitative) et on effectue un ensemble de mesures (analyse quantitative), tels que taille nombre de grains, pourcentage en phase, etc. Bien qu'ils fournissent des résultats satisfaisants, les deux procédés d'analyse cités ci-dessus sont très longs. Pour améliorer le temps d'exécution des analyses et éliminer la subjectivité de l'opérateur, nous proposons, dans ce mémoire, une méthode basée sur les techniques de l'imagerie numérique. Il s'agit généralement de méthodes connues du traitement de l'image qu'il conviendrait d'adapter à la spécificité de l'instrument. Cette méthode, non destructive, permet une analyse qualitative de l'échantillon de phosphate brut en lame mince, aboutissant à la différenciation des différentes phases minérales présentes et notamment la fraction phosphatée. Cette dernière sera ensuite quantifiée en utilisant les techniques de la reconstitution dans r#3 afin d'obtenir la répartition granulométrique de l'échantillon. Les étapes nécessaires pour cette analyse des données sont de conception originale puisqu'il n'existe pas à ce jour de travaux dans le domaine des techniques des phosphates pouvant être utilisés comme référence.
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Ahmadi, Kamran. "Cristallochimie de phosphates microporeux." Poitiers, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994POIT2372.

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Chopineaux, Anne-Paule. "Le problème posé par la présence des phosphates dans les eaux." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P102.

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Stock, Joseph R. "Synthesis of BIS(2.2,2-Trifluoroethyl) vinylphosphates." Connect to online version at OhioLINK ETD Connect to online version at Digital.Maag, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1989/4785.

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Raynaud, Sylvie. "Synthèse, frittage et propriétés mécaniques de phosphates de calcium dans le système hydroxyapatite - phosphate tricalcique." Limoges, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIMO0035.

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Des phosphates de calcium de rapport molaire ca/p compris entre 3/2 et 10/6 ont ete synthetises par precipitation en milieu aqueux. Les poudres sont monophasees de structure apatitique mais de stoechiometrie variable en calcium ca 1 0 x@ x(hpo 4) x(po 4) 6 x(oh) 2 x@ x (@ lacune, 0 x 1). Le rapport ca/p varie avec la temperature de synthese, il est maitrise par le controle precis de cette temperature. La calcination entre 400\c et 700\c fait diminuer la surface specifique des poudres sans densification par coalescence des particules. L'accroissement de la concentration en lacunes dans la structure augmente la vitesse de reduction d'aire. La phase apatitique se decompose a 700\c en hydroxyapatite hap et phosphate tricalcique tcp stoechiometriques. A la meme temperature, le frittage debute. Des composites biphases homogenes hydroxyapatite-phosphate tricalcique ont ete developpes par decomposition in situ de ces apatites et densifies en frittage sous charge. L'augmentation de la proportion de tcp (diminution du ca/p de la poudre) ralentit la densification. Les ceramiques elaborees au dessus de 1150\c sont particulierement fragiles avec une resistance a la rupture et une tenacite mediocres. Au cours du refroidissement, la variation de volume produite par la transformation allotropique / du tcp a 1150\c induit des contraintes residuelles nefastes aux proprietes mecaniques. Pour les materiaux densifies en dessous de 1150\c le tcp en proportion minoritaire renforce la matrice hap. La resistance atteint le double de celle de l'hap pour un composite contenant 10% en masse de tcp (ca/p = 1,65). De faibles variations de composition entrainent une chute significative des proprietes. Le rapport ca/p des poudres doit etre connu et maitrise avec precision. L'analyse quantitative par diffraction des rayons x est la methode la plus precise pour determiner ce parametre. L'incertitude relative mesuree sur le rapport ca/p n'excede pas 0,4% alors qu'elle atteint 2,5% en analyse chimique.
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Prévôt, Liliane. "Geochemistry, petrography, genesis of Cretaceous-Eocene phosphorites : the Ganntour deposit, Morocco : a type example /." Paris : Société géologique de France, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35430903w.

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Texte traduit de: Th. Etat--Sci. nat.--Strasbourg 1, 1988. Titre de soutenance : Géochimie et pétrographie de la formation à phosphate des Ganntour, Maroc ; utilisation pour une explication de la genèse des phosphorites crétacé-éocènes.<br>Résumé en français. Bibliogr. p. 210-218.
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Books on the topic "Phosphates"

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Menon, R. G. Compaction of phosphate rocks with soluble phosphates: An alternative technology to partial acidulation of phosphate rocks with low reactivity : IFDC experience. International Fertilizer Development Center, 1996.

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Burnett, John L. Mineral commodity report, phosphate rock. California Dept. of Conservation, Division of Mines and Geology, 1985.

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Z, Serazetdinov D., ed. Kompleksnai͡a︡ pererabotka fosforitov i fiziko-khimicheskie issledovanii͡a︡ neorganicheskikh materialov. "Gylym", 1991.

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Burnett, John L. Mineral commodity report, phosphate rock. California Dept. of Conservation, Division of Mines and Geology, 1985.

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Karray, Bourane Zenaïdi. Le marché mondial des phosphates et des engrais phosphatés. 2nd ed. Economica, 1987.

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Spence, Hugh S. Investigation of a reported discovery of phosphate in Alberta. Govt. Print. Bureau, 1997.

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Miller, Gregory J., ed. Inositol Phosphates. Springer US, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0167-9.

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Slansky, Maurice. Geology of sedimentary phosphates. North Oxford Academic, 1985.

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Slansky, Maurice. Geology of sedimentary phosphates. North Oxford Academic, 1986.

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Freeman, D. B. Phosphating and metal pre-treatment: A guide to modern processes and practice. Woodhead-Faulkner in association with Pyrene Chemical Services Ltd., 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Phosphates"

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Hughes, John M., and John Rakovan. "1. The Crystal Structure of Apatite, Ca5(PO4)3(F,OH,Cl)." In Phosphates, edited by Matthew J. Kohn, John Rakovan, and John M. Hughes. De Gruyter, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501509636-004.

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Pan, Yuanming, and Michael E. Fleet. "2. Compositions of the Apatite-Group Minerals: Substitution Mechanisms and Controlling Factors." In Phosphates, edited by Matthew J. Kohn, John Rakovan, and John M. Hughes. De Gruyter, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501509636-005.

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Rakovan, John. "3. Growth and Surface Properties of Apatite." In Phosphates, edited by Matthew J. Kohn, John Rakovan, and John M. Hughes. De Gruyter, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501509636-006.

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Boatner, Lynn A. "4. Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of Monazite, Pretulite, and Xenotime." In Phosphates, edited by Matthew J. Kohn, John Rakovan, and John M. Hughes. De Gruyter, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501509636-007.

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Huminicki, Danielle M. C., and Frank C. Hawthorne. "5. The Crystal Chemistry of the Phosphate Minerals." In Phosphates, edited by Matthew J. Kohn, John Rakovan, and John M. Hughes. De Gruyter, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501509636-008.

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Piccoli, Philip M., and Philip A. Candela. "6. Apatite in Igneous Systems." In Phosphates, edited by Matthew J. Kohn, John Rakovan, and John M. Hughes. De Gruyter, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501509636-009.

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Spear, Frank S., and Joseph M. Pyle. "7. Apatite, Monazite, and Xenotime in Metamorphic Rocks." In Phosphates, edited by Matthew J. Kohn, John Rakovan, and John M. Hughes. De Gruyter, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501509636-010.

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Pyle, Joseph M., Frank S. Spear, and David A. Wark. "8. Electron Microprobe Analysis of REE in Apatite, Monazite and Xenotime: Protocols and Pitfalls." In Phosphates, edited by Matthew J. Kohn, John Rakovan, and John M. Hughes. De Gruyter, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501509636-011.

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Knudsen, Andrew C., and Mickey E. Gunter. "9. Sedimentary Phosphorites—An Example: Phosphoria Formation, Southeastern Idaho, U.S.A." In Phosphates, edited by Matthew J. Kohn, John Rakovan, and John M. Hughes. De Gruyter, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501509636-012.

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Filippelli, Gabriel M. "10. The Global Phosphorus Cycle." In Phosphates, edited by Matthew J. Kohn, John Rakovan, and John M. Hughes. De Gruyter, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501509636-013.

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Conference papers on the topic "Phosphates"

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Sabadash, Vira, Oleh Konovalov, Anna Nowik-Zajac, and Iwona Zawierucha. "Adsorption Properties of Natural and Synthetic Zeolites for Ammonium and Phosphate Removal from Wastewater." In 8th International Congress "Environment Protection. Energy Saving. Sustainable Environmental Management". Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4028/p-p0hfsd.

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Water resources are crucial in any region's overall natural resource complex. This research focuses on addressing these pollution issues through water treatment processes. The primary objective of this study was to examine the adsorption of phosphates using both natural and synthetic adsorbents, particularly aluminosilicates. Under static and dynamic conditions, the research assessed the sorption characteristics of natural zeolite, specifically clinoptilolite obtained from the Sokyrnytsia mineral deposits. Results indicated that the adsorption of phosphates is more effective in acidic environments. It was observed that clinoptilolite exhibits a higher adsorption capacity for unsubstituted phosphates, which diminishes when alkali metal ions replace orthophosphoric acid. Additionally, the study highlighted the significant influence of pH levels on the sorption properties of clinoptilolite, especially about P₂O₅. The kinetic coefficients of the adsorption process were determined using experimental data and theoretical frameworks. Furthermore, mathematical modelling was employed to describe the adsorption dynamics of the active components by granular sorbents, effectively capturing the transient nature of diffusive-kinetic processes in complex, multicomponent systems. This research deepens our understanding of phosphate adsorption mechanisms. It provides valuable insights into optimising water treatment strategies using natural adsorbents, which could play a critical role in mitigating the effects of water pollution in the region. Zeolites derived from fly ash produced by the Dobrotvir thermal power plant have been synthesised and modified to enhance their properties. This study focuses on the characteristics of these zeolites, with a particular emphasis on thermogravimetric analysis, to understand their stability and performance under varying conditions. The adsorption capabilities of the natural zeolite were tested against common pollutants found in wastewater from meat-processing plants, specifically targeting ammonium and phosphate contaminants. Experimental data allowed for determining equilibrium adsorption capacities and corresponding isotherms were constructed at a standard temperature of 20°C. The results indicate that zeolite adsorbs phosphates more effectively than ammonia nitrogen. Further analysis revealed that clinoptilolite's adsorption capacity is higher when interacting with single-component systems but decreases when it simultaneously adsorbs two different substances from the solution. This decrease suggests competitive adsorption dynamics when multiple contaminants are present. Given the finite availability of natural zeolite resources, this research highlights the importance of synthesising synthetic zeolites as a sustainable alternative.
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Brown, V., J. Chalut, and D. Hartwick. "Application Experience with Low Phosphate Cooling Water Treatment." In CORROSION 2004. NACE International, 2004. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2004-04084.

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Abstract Inorganic phosphates have a long history of being effective corrosion inhibitors however, with the trend to lower phosphate levels in cooling water, a new set of operating guidelines are required to minimize the risk of scaling/deposition. This paper will explore the chemistry of this type of program and outline application criteria that should be used to govern the application, in order to balance corrosion and fouling issues. Cases studies will be used to highlight the primary conclusions.
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Minch, Britt A., Mark McGuiness, Tom Oleksiak, et al. "Water Soluble Magnesium and Aluminum Corrosion Inhibitors." In CORROSION 2012. NACE International, 2012. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2012-01675.

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Abstract Aluminum and magnesium are prone to surface attack (dark stains) when exposed to aqueous alkaline conditions. Surface active phosphorus and other chemistries have been employed in the industry to passivate these surfaces and prevent staining. Phosphonate and phosphate chemistries have been shown to be effective in controlling surface corrosion. The current work explores alkyl phosphates and investigates how structure impacts the efficacy of the corrosion inhibition. Corrosion inhibition is related not only to the ability of the phosphate to interact with the nonferrous surface, but also the solubility of the additive in the formulation. Magnesium machining processes are further complicated by hydrogen evolution from the reaction of magnesium and high alkalinity water. The prevention of hydrogen evolution was also investigated. Performance was measured relative to industry phosphate and phosphonate controls.
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Suzuki, T., and T. Kawamura. "Corrosion and Scale Inhibitors for Cooling Water Systems." In CORROSION 1989. NACE International, 1989. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1989-89457.

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Abstract The Japanese history of research and development of corrosion and scale inhibitors for open recirculating cooling water systems is reviewed. Chromate based treatment had been mainly used prior to the enforcement of the Water Pollution Control Law in 1970. After that, corrosion inhibitors were changed from chromate to phosphate or phosphates-polymer treatments. At first, polymers were only used for scale control. However, polymers are now used extensively to improve the effect of corrosion inhibitors and to disperse many kinds of suspended solids. The performance of non-phosphorous cooling water treatment methods can be improved by the use of polymer based chemicals. The effects and functional mechanisms of polymers are mainly discussed in this paper. Recent trends of research and development in Japan related to cooling water treatment chemicals and technologies are also summarized.
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Alves, Helena, Friedrich Stenner, D. C. Agarwal, and Antoine Hoxha. "Alloys Suitable for Phosphoric Acid Applications." In CORROSION 2006. NACE International, 2006. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2006-06221.

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Abstract More than 95% of the world demand for phosphoric acid is met by the wet-process, which involves the reaction of the phosphate rock with concentrated sulfuric acid. Pure phosphoric acid is only mildly corrosive to metals. However, the presence of impurities in the phosphate ores like chlorides, fluorides and silicates and the free sulfuric acid lead to complex corrosive conditions. The level of impurity depends on the origin of the phosphates and their processing, e.g. washing the ores with sea water further increases the level of chlorides. The corrosive attack is further aggravated by erosion resulting from the presence of phosphate rock particles and gypsum crystals, turbulence and deposit formation. Equipment for production and handling of phosphoric acid typically consists of rubber lined steel, AISI 316L type stainless steel and special steels like 904L and 28. For the most severe conditions nickel based alloys are used. Even though material selection has been continuously optimized, sufficient advantage is not being taken from the new, cost-effective 6%-molybdenum alloy 31 (UNS N08031) yet. This high Cr and Mo containing austenitic steel was designed to fill the gap in cost and performance between stainless steels and nickel alloys and significantly improves service life and reduces failure by localized corrosion when its lower alloyed counterparts are at the end of the usefulness limits. This work reports on the success achieved with alloy 31 in critical parts of the phosphoric acid process. Laboratory results are presented together with field experience and examples of application.
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Bennett, James P., Kyei-Sing Kwong, Hugh Thomas, Anna Nakano, and Jinichiro Nakano. "Microstructure and Corrosion of Phosphate Containing Cr2o3 Gasifier Refractories." In CORROSION 2015. NACE International, 2015. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2015-05974.

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Abstract Gasification is an efficient, environmentally clean technology capable of processing a variety of abundant natural carbon sources or industry wastes/byproducts such as coal, petroleum coke, or biomass into CO and H2 (synthesis gas, or syngas) used in the production of electric power or chemicals. Gasification is considered an important option in future energy or chemical production because of its efficiency and because environmental pollutants such as SO3 and mercury are easily captured. However, the short service life of the Cr2O3 refractory used to protect the outer steel containment shell from coal slag attack and insulate it from the high temperature process is one of the factors limiting gasification technology. Post mortem analysis of spent Cr2O3 refractories has been conducted using XRD, ICP, and SEM to find failure mechanisms and to study the reaction between gasifier slags and refractories. An improved Cr2O3 refractory was developed through phosphate additions which performed successfully in gasifier field tests. The effect of phosphates has been characterized using SEM, and its mechanism in decreasing slag penetration will be discussed.
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Zhao, Wangxuan, Haruto Kobashi, Hiroto Takahashi, et al. "Observation of Time Evolution of Phase Transitions in Calcium Phosphates by Terahertz Spectroscopy." In 2024 49th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/irmmw-thz60956.2024.10697559.

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Guruviah, S., and M. Sundaram. "Role of Inhibitive Pigments on the Protection of Metals by Organic Coatings." In CORROSION 1989. NACE International, 1989. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1989-89141.

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Abstract Pigments play an important role in controlling corrosion. Inhibitive pigments are extensively used since they protect the metal surface by modifying the environments. The protective effect of inhibiting pigments is mainly due to the formation of a passive oxide film and soluble inhibitive ions. The evaluations of the paints containing these inhibitive pigments such as chromates, phosphates, red lead and zinc dust by electrochemical, accelerated and field trials are described in this paper.
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Sparrow, G. R., and Christophe Chandler. "The Role of Surface Chemistry and VCI's in Early Stages of Metal Processing." In CORROSION 1995. NACE International, 1995. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1995-95489.

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Abstract Despite massive efforts to control corrosion, it still has major affects on costs, quality, and performance. Unfortunately, corrosion protection is emphasized far too late in manufacturing. Corrosion control before or during earlier stages of manufacturing and processing is not considered. Yet many product failures are caused by contamination or poor corrosion control at stages well before final packaging. Modem surface analytical methods, ISS (Ion Scattering Spectroscopy) and SIMS (Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy), can monitor surface corrosion and contamination to trace product failures at early stages of metal working(1,2). This includes detection of very thin layers of corrosion on components and within surface layers prior to final coating, lamination, shipping, or assembly. This information includes quantitative analysis of iron oxide on the surface of iron phosphates or other "conversion" layers such as Cr, Zn, and Fe phosphates. Application of Volatile Corrosion Inhibitors (VCI's) at early stages in processing is accomplished using special cleaners and metal working fluids. Surface contamination in corrosion and adhesion problems is not well acknowledged. Methods and considerations for cleaning, investigating, and monitoring surface chemistry and effects of contaminants on corrosion are presented with qualitative and quantitative information about contaminants commonly encountered in processing metals. Effectiveness of cleaning operations and cleaners is discussed for environmentally safe water based cleaners(3). The terms "surface" and "cleaning" are presented for greater understanding of how to approach common industrial corrosion and cleaning problems.
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Tysnes, Q.-B., A. J. M. Verhoeven, G. M. Aarbakke, and H. Holmsen. "Phosphoinositide metabolism in resting and thrombin-stimulated human platelets: Evidence for metabolic homogeneity." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644517.

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On the basis of differences in specific radioactivity (SA), separate pools of phosphoinositides have recently been proposed in platelets. Human platelets were labelled for 60 min with [32p]p- and subsequently transferred to a phosphate- and Ca2+free Tyrode’s solution by gel-filtration. Thereafter, the platelets were either incubated at 37°C for 120 min, a condition which induces increase in specific labelling of the diester phosphate of phosphatitylinositol (PI), or stimulated with 0.5 U/ml of thrombin. The changes in SA of both diester and monoester phosphates of the phosphoinositides were detrmined. Immediately after the gel filtration, the SA of the diester phosphate of phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PIP) and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) were both similar to that of PI and amounted to 4% or the SA of the monoester groups of PIP and PIP2- Whereas the SA of the monoester phosphate essentially remained constant and the same for PIP and PIP2 during the entire incubation, the SA of their diester phosphates increased gradually in parallel to that of PI, and reached 20% of the monoster groups after 120 min. The effect of thrombin was studied at 15, 60 and 180 sec after the addition. The absolute radioactivity of both diester and monoester phosphates of all phosphoinositides increased conciderably after an initial decrease. However, for the monoester groups, the changes in radioactivity were parallelled by the changes in mass for both PIP and PIP2. Thrombin therefore induced no changes in SA of the monoester phosphates. In contrast, the SA of the diester phosphates increased 5-fold and remained similar for all three phosphoinositides during the 180 sec of stimulation.In conclusion, our results demonstrate close metabolic equilibrium between all three phosphoinositides.Thrombin-induced changes in SA of PIP and PIP2 are purely secondary to changes in specific labelling of the diester phosphate.
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Reports on the topic "Phosphates"

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Jinawath, Supatra. Fabrication of porous calcium phosphates. Chulalongkorn University, 2002. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.2002.29.

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The starting materials for this experiment were monocalcium phosphate monohydrate, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate and anhydrous dicalcium phosphate synthesized in-house from the by-product of a local bone-gelatin manufacture. Porous calcium phosphates comprising hydroxyapatite either as a single phase or a composite containing traces of its congeners. i.e., β-TCP were fabricated in the forms of granules and compacts. The characteristics of typical compacts produced were 37 v % apparent porosity with interconnected pores of diameter 1-30 µm, and flexural and compressive strengths of 17.51 and 78.13 MPa, respectively. Effects of fabrication parameters on the properties of the products were also studied. In addition, coralline hydroxyapatite-converted coral with preservation of its 200-µm-pore architecture, was also successfully produced. Keywords: Coralline hydroxyapatite, hydrothermal synthesis, porous calcium phosphates.
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Raghothama, Kashchandra G., Avner Silber, and Avraham Levy. Biotechnology approaches to enhance phosphorus acquisition of tomato plants. United States Department of Agriculture, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7586546.bard.

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Abstract: Phosphorus is one of the least available macronutrient in the soil. The high affinity phosphate transporters are known to be associated with phosphate acquisition under natural conditions. Due to unique interactions of phosphate with soil particles, up to 80% of the applied phosphates may be fixed forcing the farmers to apply 4 to 5 times the fertilizers necessary for crop production. Efficient uptake and utilization of this essential nutrient is essential for sustainability and profitability of agriculture. Many predictions point to utilization/exhaustion of high quality phosphate rocks within this century. This calls for efforts to improve the ability of plants to acquire and utilize limiting sources of phosphate in the rhizosphere. Two important molecular and biochemical components associated with phosphate efficiency are phosphate transporters and phosphatases. This research project is aimed at defining molecular determinants of phosphate acquisition and utilization in addition to generating phosphate uptake efficient plants. The main objectives of the project were; Creation and analysis of transgenic tomato plants over-expressing phosphatases and transporters Characterization of the recently identified members (LePT3 and LePT4) of the Pi transporter family Generate molecular tools to study genetic responses of plants to Pi deficiency During the project period we have successfully identified and characterized a novel phosphate transporter associated with mycorrhizal symbiosis. The expression of this transporter increases with mycorrhizal symbiosis. A thorough characterization of mutant tomato lacking the expression of this gene revealed the biological significance of LePT3 and another novel gene LePT4. In addition we have isolated and characterized several phosphate starvation induced genes from tomato using a combination of differential and subtractive mRNA hybridization techniques. One of the genes, LePS2 belongs to the family of phospho-protein phosphatase. The functionality of the recombinant protein was determined using synthetic phosphor-peptides. Over expression of this gene in tomato resulted in significant changes in growth, delay in flowering and senescence. It is anticipated that phospho-protein phosphatase may have regulatory role in phosphate deficiency responses of plants. In addition a novel phosphate starvation induced glycerol 3-phosphate permease gene family was also characterized. Two doctoral research students are continuing the characterization and functional analysis of these genes. Over expression of high affinity phosphate transporters in tobacco showed increased phosphate content under hydroponic conditions. There is growing evidence suggesting that high affinity phosphate transporters are crucial for phosphate acquisition even under phosphate sufficiency conditions. This project has helped train several postdoctoral fellows and graduate students. Further analysis of transgenic plants expressing phosphatases and transporters will not only reveal the biological function of the targeted genes but also result in phosphate uptake and utilization efficient plants.
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Chandler, F. W., and R. L. Christie. Gîtes stratiformes de phosphates. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/207953.

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Clearfield, Abraham. Organic Derivatives of Layered Group (4) Phosphates. Defense Technical Information Center, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada201080.

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Moss, Robert A. Cleavage of Phosphates, Phosphonates, Phosphonothioates, and Phosphodiesters. Defense Technical Information Center, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada416192.

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Sales, B. C., L. A. Boatner, B. C. Chakoumakos, J. C. McCallum, J. O. Ramey, and R. A. Zuhr. Structural analysis of amorphous phosphates using high performance liquid chromatography. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10111962.

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X. Shari Li, W. Yantasee A.R. Courtney, and S.V. Mattigod. TEMPLATED SYNTHESIS OF MESOPOROUS TITANIUM PHOSPHATES FOR THE SEQUESTRATION OF RADIONUCLIDES. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/884953.

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Sasaki, D. Y., T. M. Alam, and R. A. Assink. Synthetic molecular receptors for phosphates and phosphonates in sol-gel materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/563827.

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Shamsutdinov, Artem, Igor Valtsifer, and Yan Huo. The manufacturing of fire-extinguishing powder materials with specific morphology and hydrophobicity of ammonium phosphates particles. Peeref, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54985/peeref.2307p9690323.

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Ewing, R. C. Radiation effects and annealing kinetics in crystalline silicates, phosphates and complex Nb-Ta-Ti oxides. FInal Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/459761.

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