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Journal articles on the topic 'Phospholipid bilayers'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 18 February 2022

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1

SHAHINIAN, ARAM A., ARMEN H. POGHOSYAN, and HAMLET G. BADALYAN. "COMPUTER SIMULATION OF STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYERS." International Journal of Modern Physics C 11, no. 01 (2000): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183100000134.

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Using molecular-scale computer simulation, we show that structural changes may take place in phospholipid bilayers in an aqueous solution as we vary the relative concentration of water to phospholipids, the bilayer thickness, the inclination angle of the choline, dipole molecular fragment with respect to the bilayer surface, and the conformation of hydrocarbon chains of phospholipid in the hydrophobic volume of the bilayer. It is shown that in the hydrophobic volume of the bilayer, an interpenetration of the hydrocarbon chains located on opposite sides of the phospholipid bilayer takes place.

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PLASENCIA, Ines, Luis RIVAS, Kevin M. W. KEOUGH, Derek MARSH, and Jesús PÉREZ-GIL. "The N-terminal segment of pulmonary surfactant lipopeptide SP-C has intrinsic propensity to interact with and perturb phospholipid bilayers." Biochemical Journal 377, no. 1 (2004): 183–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20030815.

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In the present study, 13-residue peptides with sequences corresponding to the native N-terminal segment of pulmonary SP-C (surfactant protein C) have been synthesized and their interaction with phospholipid bilayers characterized. The peptides are soluble in aqueous media but associate spontaneously with bilayers composed of either zwitterionic (phosphatidylcholine) or anionic (phosphatidylglycerol) phospholipids. The peptides show higher affinity for anionic than for zwitterionic membranes. Interaction of the peptides with both zwitterionic and anionic membranes promotes phospholipid vesicle

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3

Petelska, Aneta D., Katarzyna Kazimierska-Drobny, Katarzyna Janicka, Tomasz Majewski, and Wiesław Urbaniak. "Understanding the Unique Role of Phospholipids in the Lubrication of Natural Joints: An Interfacial Tension Study." Coatings 9, no. 4 (2019): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9040264.

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Some solid lubricants are characterized by a layered structure with weak (van der Waals) inter-interlayer forces which allow for easy, low-strength shearing. Solid lubricants in natural lubrication are characterized by phospholipid bilayers in the articular joints and phospholipid lamellar phases in synovial fluid. The influence of the acid–base properties of the phospholipid bilayer on the wettability and properties of the surface have been explained by studying the interfacial tension of spherical lipid bilayers based on a model membrane. In this paper, we show that the phospholipid multi-bi

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4

Turnheim, Klaus, Johannes Gruber, Christoph Wachter, and Valentina Ruiz-Gutiérrez. "Membrane phospholipid composition affects function of potassium channels from rabbit colon epithelium." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 277, no. 1 (1999): C83—C90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1999.277.1.c83.

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We tested the effects of membrane phospholipids on the function of high-conductance, Ca2+-activated K+ channels from the basolateral cell membrane of rabbit distal colon epithelium by reconstituting these channels into planar bilayers consisting of different 1:1 mixtures of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylserine (PS), and phosphatidylinositol (PI). At low ambient K+ concentrations single-channel conductance is higher in PE/PS and PE/PI bilayers than in PE/PC bilayers. At high K+concentrations this difference in channel conductance is abolished. Introducing

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5

Chapman, D. "Phospholipid bilayers." FEBS Letters 238, no. 1 (1988): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-5793(88)80259-x.

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6

Suwalsky, M., M. A. Espinoza, M. Bagnara, and C. P. Sotomayor. "X-Ray and Fluorescence Studies on Phospholipid Bilayers. IX. Interactions with Pentachlorophenol." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 45, no. 3-4 (1990): 265–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1990-3-421.

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Abstract Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is a widely used and highly toxic fungicide. Its toxicity is mainly expressed at the cell membrane level. It is, therefore, of interest to test its ability to alter the lipid bilayer organization. The present study was performed by X-ray diffraction techniques on dimyristoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DMPE) and dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) bilayers and by fluorescence on DMPC liposomes. These two phospholipids are respectively found at the inner and outer monolayers of human erythrocyte membranes. Each type of phospholipid was made to interact with diffe

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7

Solís-Calero, Christian, Joaquín Ortega-Castro, Juan Frau, and Francisco Muñoz. "Nonenzymatic Reactions above Phospholipid Surfaces of Biological Membranes: Reactivity of Phospholipids and Their Oxidation Derivatives." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2015 (2015): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/319505.

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Phospholipids play multiple and essential roles in cells, as components of biological membranes. Although phospholipid bilayers provide the supporting matrix and surface for many enzymatic reactions, their inherent reactivity and possible catalytic role have not been highlighted. As other biomolecules, phospholipids are frequent targets of nonenzymatic modifications by reactive substances including oxidants and glycating agents which conduct to the formation of advanced lipoxidation end products (ALEs) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs). There are some theoretical studies about the mec

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8

Dewa, Takehisa, K. Yoshida, M. Sugimoto, R. Sugiura, and M. Nango. "Organization of Photosynthetic Antenna Complex in Lipid Bilayers." Advanced Materials Research 11-12 (February 2006): 623–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.11-12.623.

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Bacterial photosynthetic antenna complexes are composed of α-helical hydrophobic polypeptides and pigments (e.g., bacteriochlorophyll a). We report here self-assembling properties of an engineered hydrophobic polypeptide with zinc-substituted bacteriochlorophyll a ([Zn]-BChl a) in various lipid bilayer to investigate the effect of lipid species on the self-assembling properties. When the polypeptide and [Zn]-BChl a were mixed in surfactant solution (n-octyl β-D-glucopyranoside: OG) at 25°C, the absorption band [Zn]-BChl a was red-shifted from 770 to 812 nm, that is assignable to quasi-dimeric

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9

Tamm, L. K., and H. M. McConnell. "Supported phospholipid bilayers." Biophysical Journal 47, no. 1 (1985): 105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3495(85)83882-0.

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10

Carlson, Joseph W., Timothy Bayburt, and Stephen G. Sligar. "Nanopatterning Phospholipid Bilayers." Langmuir 16, no. 8 (2000): 3927–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la990860x.

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11

Watanabe, Rikiya, Takaharu Sakuragi, Hiroyuki Noji, and Shigekazu Nagata. "Single-molecule analysis of phospholipid scrambling by TMEM16F." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 12 (2018): 3066–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1717956115.

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Transmembrane protein 16F (TMEM16F) is a Ca2+-dependent phospholipid scramblase that translocates phospholipids bidirectionally between the leaflets of the plasma membrane. Phospholipid scrambling of TMEM16F causes exposure of phosphatidylserine in activated platelets to induce blood clotting and in differentiated osteoblasts to promote bone mineralization. Despite the importance of TMEM16F-mediated phospholipid scrambling in various biological reactions, the fundamental features of the scrambling reaction remain elusive due to technical difficulties in the preparation of a platform for assayi

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12

Harland, C. W., M. J. Bradley, and R. Parthasarathy. "Phospholipid bilayers are viscoelastic." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107, no. 45 (2010): 19146–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1010700107.

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13

Boden, Neville, and Frank Sixl. "Forces between phospholipid bilayers." Faraday Discussions of the Chemical Society 81 (1986): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/dc9868100191.

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14

Yi, Feng, Jian Xu, A. Michelle Smith, Atul N. Parikh, and David A. LaVan. "Nanofiber-supported phospholipid bilayers." Soft Matter 5, no. 24 (2009): 5037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b903048d.

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15

Harland, Christopher W., Tristan T. Hormel, Miranda J. Bradley, and Raghuveer Parthasarathy. "Phospholipid Bilayers are Viscoelastic." Biophysical Journal 100, no. 3 (2011): 504a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2010.12.2954.

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16

Uzgiris, E. E. "UV immobilized phospholipid bilayers." Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 146, no. 3 (1987): 1116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-291x(87)90763-7.

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17

Martin, F. G., and M. G. Wolfersberger. "Bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxin and larval Manduca sexta midgut brush-border membrane vesicles act synergistically to cause very large increases in the conductance of planar lipid bilayers." Journal of Experimental Biology 198, no. 1 (1995): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.198.1.91.

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Brush-border membrane vesicles prepared from midguts of Manduca sexta larvae were incorporated into planar phospholipid bilayers. Addition of Bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxin to the buffered salt solutions bathing these bilayers resulted in large irreversible increases in conductance. At pH 9.6, the smallest toxin-dependent increase in bilayer conductance observed was 13 nS. Similar conductance increases were never observed in the absence of delta-endotoxin or in delta-endotoxin-treated bilayers not containing components of insect brush-border membranes.

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18

Reviakine, Ilya, and Alain Brisson. "Streptavidin 2D Crystals on Supported Phospholipid Bilayers: Toward Constructing Anchored Phospholipid Bilayers." Langmuir 17, no. 26 (2001): 8293–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la010626i.

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19

Gąsiorowska, Justyna, Olga Wesołowska, and Krystyna Michalak. "Interaction of plant alkaloid, berberine, with zwitterionic and negatively charged phospholipid bilayers." Current Topics in Biophysics 34, no. 1 (2011): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10214-011-0007-0.

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Interaction of plant alkaloid, berberine, with zwitterionic and negatively charged phospholipid bilayers Berberine exhibits many pharmacological activities e.g. antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing. Interaction of berberine with model membranes was studied for the first time using differential scanning calorimetry, fluorescence spectroscopy and turbidity measurements. Influence of berberine on thermotropic properties of bilayers formed from zwitterionic DMPC was insignificant, whereas in bilayers formed from negatively charged DMPG berberine reduced the te

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20

Mansur, Herman S., and Juliano E. Oliveira. "QCM and FT-IR Study of Phospholipid Bilayers Obtained by Langmuir-Blodgett Method." Solid State Phenomena 121-123 (March 2007): 863–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.121-123.863.

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The aim of this study was to characterize phospholipids bilayers deposited through Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) sensor. Phospholipids dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC), dimyristoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DMPE), dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DPPE) bilayers were deposited. Also, hybrid monolayer of DMPC/Cholesterol (DMPC/CHOL) was prepared. Phospholipid with concentration of 1 mg.ml-1 in chloroform solution was spread at the air-water interface of a Teflon-made LB trough containing a subphase of Mil

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21

Radoicic, Jasmina, George J. Lu, and Stanley J. Opella. "NMR structures of membrane proteins in phospholipid bilayers." Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics 47, no. 3 (2014): 249–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033583514000080.

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AbstractMembrane proteins have always presented technical challenges for structural studies because of their requirement for a lipid environment. Multiple approaches exist including X-ray crystallography and electron microscopy that can give significant insights into their structure and function. However, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is unique in that it offers the possibility of determining the structures of unmodified membrane proteins in their native environment of phospholipid bilayers under physiological conditions. Furthermore, NMR enables the characterization of the structure and dy

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22

Belička, M., F. Devínsky, and P. Balgavý. "Neutrons in studies of phospholipid bilayers and bilayer–drug interaction. I. Basic principles and neutron diffraction." Acta Facultatis Pharmaceuticae Universitatis Comenianae 61, no. 2 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/afpuc-2014-0010.

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AbstractIn our paper, we demonstrate several possibilities of using neutrons in pharmaceutical research with the help of examples of scientific results achieved at our University. In this first part, basic properties of neutrons and elementary principles of elastic scattering of thermal neutrons are described. Results of contrast variation neutron diffraction on oriented phospholipid bilayers with intercalated local anaesthetic or cholesterol demonstrate the potential of this method at determination of their position in bilayers. Diffraction experiments with alkan-1-ols located in the bilayers

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23

Alonso, Alicia, and Félix M. Goñi. "The Physical Properties of Ceramides in Membranes." Annual Review of Biophysics 47, no. 1 (2018): 633–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-biophys-070317-033309.

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Ceramides are sphingolipids containing a sphingosine or a related base, to which a fatty acid is linked through an amide bond. When incorporated into a lipid bilayer, ceramides exhibit a number of properties not shared by almost any other membrane lipid: Ceramides ( a) are extremely hydrophobic and thus cannot exist in suspension in aqueous media; ( b) increase the molecular order (rigidity) of phospholipids in membranes; ( c) give rise to lateral phase separation and domain formation in phospholipid bilayers; ( d) possess a marked intrinsic negative curvature that facilitates formation of inv

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24

Prates, Érica Teixeira, Gustavo Henrique Rodrigues da Silva, Thais F. Souza, Munir S. Skaf, Mónica Pickholz, and Eneida de Paula. "Articaine interaction with phospholipid bilayers." Journal of Molecular Structure 1222 (December 2020): 128854. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128854.

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25

Suwalsky, M., F. Villena, B. Ungerer, and C. P. Sotomayor. "Structural studies on phospholipid bilayers." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography 52, a1 (1996): C273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108767396088563.

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26

Chen, F. Y., W. C. Hung, and Huey W. Huang. "Critical Swelling of Phospholipid Bilayers." Physical Review Letters 79, no. 20 (1997): 4026–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.79.4026.

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27

Li, Chao, Mingming Wang, Matthew Ferguson, and Wei Zhan. "Phospholipid/Aromatic Thiol Hybrid Bilayers." Langmuir 31, no. 18 (2015): 5228–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00476.

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28

Moss, Robert A., and Yukihisa Okumura. "Surface-differentiated model phospholipid bilayers." Journal of the American Chemical Society 114, no. 5 (1992): 1750–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00031a033.

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29

Menger, F. M., P. Aikens, and M. Wood. "Water content of phospholipid bilayers." Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, no. 3 (1988): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c39880000180.

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30

Zhang, L., and S. Granick. "Slaved diffusion in phospholipid bilayers." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 102, no. 26 (2005): 9118–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0502723102.

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31

di Vitta, Claudio, Liliana Marzorati, and Sergio S. Funari. "Thionaphthoquinones Destabilization of Phospholipid Bilayers." Biophysical Journal 104, no. 2 (2013): 429a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2012.11.2390.

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32

Katz, Yehuda. "Surface tension in phospholipid bilayers." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 122, no. 1 (1988): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9797(88)90291-3.

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33

Rand, R. P., and V. A. Parsegian. "Hydration forces between phospholipid bilayers." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Biomembranes 988, no. 3 (1989): 351–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4157(89)90010-5.

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34

Suwalsky, M., and J. Frías. "X-Ray Studies on Phospholipid Bilayers. XIII. Interactions with Gentamicin." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 48, no. 7-8 (1993): 632–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1993-7-817.

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Abstract This study deals with the structural perturbations that the aminoglycoside antibiotic gentamicin (GENT) can produce to phospholipid bilayers. Two multibilayer systems, one built-up of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and the other of dimyristoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DMPE) were allowed to interact with GENT. The experiments were performed in both a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic medium below the phospholipid main transition temperatures. X-ray diffraction techniques were used to determine the extent of the perturbation induced by GENT. The maximum effect was attained when GENT

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35

Clifton, Luke A., Maximilian W. A. Skoda, Emma L. Daulton, et al. "Asymmetric phospholipid: lipopolysaccharide bilayers; a Gram-negative bacterial outer membrane mimic." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 10, no. 89 (2013): 20130810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2013.0810.

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The Gram-negative bacterial outer membrane (OM) is a complex and highly asymmetric biological barrier but the small size of bacteria has hindered advances in in vivo examination of membrane dynamics. Thus, model OMs, amenable to physical study, are important sources of data. Here, we present data from asymmetric bilayers which emulate the OM and are formed by a simple two-step approach. The bilayers were deposited on an SiO 2 surface by Langmuir–Blodgett deposition of phosphatidylcholine as the inner leaflet and, via Langmuir–Schaefer deposition, an outer leaflet of either Lipid A or Escherich

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36

Van Cleave, Cameron, Jordan T. Koehn, Caroline Simões Pereira, et al. "Interactions of Truncated Menaquinones in Lipid Monolayers and Bilayers." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 18 (2021): 9755. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22189755.

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Menaquinones (MK) are hydrophobic molecules that consist of a naphthoquinone headgroup and a repeating isoprenyl side chain and are cofactors used in bacterial electron transport systems to generate cellular energy. We have previously demonstrated that the folded conformation of truncated MK homologues, MK-1 and MK-2, in both solution and reverse micelle microemulsions depended on environment. There is little information on how MKs associate with phospholipids in a model membrane system and how MKs affect phospholipid organization. In this manuscript, we used a combination of Langmuir monolaye

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37

Gamsjaeger, Roland, Alexander Johs, Anna Gries та ін. "Membrane binding of β2-glycoprotein I can be described by a two-state reaction model: an atomic force microscopy and surface plasmon resonance study". Biochemical Journal 389, № 3 (2005): 665–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20050156.

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Complexes formed between β2GPI (β2-glycoprotein I), a human plasma protein, and biological membranes are considered to be targets of macrophages and antiphospholipid autoantibodies involved in autoimmune diseases, such as antiphospholipid syndrome or systemic lupus erythematosus. The positively charged lysine-rich fifth domain of β2GPI facilitates its interaction with phospholipid membranes containing acidic phospholipids, which normally become exposed by apoptotic processes. In the present study, atomic force microscopy was applied to visualize the binding of β2GPI to a mixed phospholipid mod

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38

Zhang, Liangfang, and Steve Granick. "Dynamical Heterogeneity in Supported Lipid Bilayers." MRS Bulletin 31, no. 7 (2006): 527–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2006.137.

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Planar-supported phospholipid bilayers are responsive surfaces that reconstruct when macromolecules adsorb. This review outlines the phenomenon of lipid diffusion “slaved” to or significantly controlled by that of macromolecular adsorbates. To elucidate such systems, we discuss the value of spatially resolved experiments at the few-molecule level, lipid diffusion compared in outer and inner leaflets of the supported bilayer, and a simple method to minimize defects by the strategy of “electrostatic stitching.”

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39

Suwalsky, M., P. Hernández, F. Villena, F. Aguilar, and C. P. Sotomayor. "Interaction of the Anticancer Drug Tamoxifen with the Human Erythrocyte Membrane and Molecular Models." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 53, no. 3-4 (1998): 182–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1998-3-407.

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Abstract Tamoxifen, Anticancer Drug, Erythrocyte Membrane, Phospholipid Bilayer Tamoxifen is a non steroidal antiestrogen drug extensively used in the prevention and treatment of hormone-dependent breast cancer. To evaluate its perturbing effect upon cell membranes it was made to interact with human erythrocytes and molecular models. These consisted of bilayers of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and of dimyristoylphospha-tidylethanolamine (DMPE), representative of phospholipids classes located in the outer and inner leaflets of the erythrocyte membrane, respectively. Experiments by fluor

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Benfenati, F., P. Greengard, J. Brunner, and M. Bähler. "Electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions of synapsin I and synapsin I fragments with phospholipid bilayers." Journal of Cell Biology 108, no. 5 (1989): 1851–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.108.5.1851.

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Synapsin I, a major neuron-specific phosphoprotein, is localized on the cytoplasmic surface of small synaptic vesicles to which it binds with high affinity. It contains a collagenase-resistant head domain and a collagenase-sensitive elongated tail domain. In the present study, the interaction between synapsin I and phospholipid vesicles has been characterized, and the protein domains involved in these interactions have been identified. When lipid vesicles were prepared from cholesterol and phospholipids using a lipid composition similar to that found in native synaptic vesicle membranes (40% p

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41

Frey, S., and L. K. Tamm. "Membrane insertion and lateral diffusion of fluorescence-labelled cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV signal peptide in charged and uncharged phospholipid bilayers." Biochemical Journal 272, no. 3 (1990): 713–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2720713.

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The synthetic 25-residue signal peptide of cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV was labelled with the fluorophor 7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (NBD) at its single cysteine residue. Addition of small unilamellar vesicles of 1-palmitoyl 2-oleoyl phosphatidylcholine (POPC) to the labelled peptide resulted in a shift of the NBD excitation and emission spectra to shorter wavelengths. Binding of the peptide to the vesicles was measured by the increase in the fluorescence emission yield. A surface partition constant of (3.9 +/- 0.5) x 10(3) M-1 was derived from these titrations. When the membrane containe

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42

ROSS, Meredith F., Aleksandra FILIPOVSKA, Robin A. J. SMITH, Michael J. GAIT, and Michael P. MURPHY. "Cell-penetrating peptides do not cross mitochondrial membranes even when conjugated to a lipophilic cation: evidence against direct passage through phospholipid bilayers." Biochemical Journal 383, no. 3 (2004): 457–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20041095.

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CPPs (cell-penetrating peptides) facilitate the cellular uptake of covalently attached oligonucleotides, proteins and other macromolecules, but the mechanism of their uptake is disputed. Two models are proposed: direct movement through the phospholipid bilayer and endocytic uptake. Mitochondria are a good model system to distinguish between these possibilities, since they have no vesicular transport systems. Furthermore, CPP-mediated delivery of macromolecules to the mitochondrial matrix would be a significant breakthrough in the study of mitochondrial function and dysfunction, and could also

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43

PURDON, A. David, and Stanley I. RAPOPORT. "Energy requirements for two aspects of phospholipid metabolism in mammalian brain." Biochemical Journal 335, no. 2 (1998): 313–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3350313.

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Previous estimates have placed the energy requirements of total phospholipid metabolism in mammalian brain at 2% or less of total ATP consumption. This low estimate was consistent with the very long half-lives (up to days) reported for fatty acids esterified within phospholipids. However, using an approach featuring analysis of brain acyl-CoA, which takes into account dilution of the precursor acyl-CoA pool by recycling of fatty acids, we reported that half-lives of fatty acids in phospholipids are some 100 times shorter (min–h) than previously thought. Based on these new estimates of short ha

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44

Beltramo, Peter J., Rob Van Hooghten, and Jan Vermant. "Millimeter-area, free standing, phospholipid bilayers." Soft Matter 12, no. 19 (2016): 4324–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6sm00250a.

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45

Norimatsu, Yoshiyuki, Junko Tsueda, Ayami Hirata, Shiho Iwasawa, and Chikashi Toyoshima. "Visualization of lipid bilayer in the crystals by solvent contrast modulation." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (2014): C1498. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314085015.

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A new method of X-ray solvent contrast modulation was developed to visualize lipid bilayers in crystals of membrane proteins at a high enough resolution to resolve individual phospholipids molecules (~3.5 Å ). Visualization of lipid bilayer has been escaping from conventional crystallographic methods due to its extreme flexibility, and our knowledge on the behavior of lipid bilayer is still very much limited. Here we applied the new method of X-ray solvent contrast modulation to crystals of Ca2+-ATPase in 4 different physiological states. As phospholipids have to be added to make crystals of C

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46

Nicholov, Rina, Varerio Ditizio, and Frank Dicosmo. "Interaction of Paclitaxel with Phospholipid Bilayers." Journal of Liposome Research 5, no. 3 (1995): 503–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/08982109509010239.

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47

Sparr, Emma, Linda Hallin, Natalia Markova, and Håkan Wennerström. "Phospholipid-Cholesterol Bilayers under Osmotic Stress." Biophysical Journal 83, no. 4 (2002): 2015–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3495(02)73963-5.

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Scherer, James R., S. Kint, B. A. Bolton, and G. F. Bailey. "Raman spectra of hydrated phospholipid bilayers." Journal of Molecular Structure 224 (July 1990): 245–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-2860(90)87019-t.

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Sevanian, Alex, and Laurie L. McLeod. "Cholesterol autoxidation in phospholipid membrane bilayers." Lipids 22, no. 9 (1987): 627–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02533940.

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Campbell, Andrew S., Yan Yu, Steve Granick, and Andrew A. Gewirth. "PCB Association with Model Phospholipid Bilayers." Environmental Science & Technology 42, no. 19 (2008): 7496–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es8011063.

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