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Journal articles on the topic 'Phospholipid fatty acid'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 2 February 2022

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1

Rudzite, Vera, Edite Jurika, Gabriele Baier-Bitterlich, Helmut Wachter, and Dietmar Fuchs. "Effect of Sepiapterin, 7,8-Dihydrobiopterin, 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydrobiopterin and Xanthopterin on Cholesterol and Phospholipid Content and Phospholipid Biosynthesis in vitro." Pteridines 6, no. 2 (May 1995): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pteridines.1995.6.2.69.

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Summary Incorporation of fatty acids into phospholipids has been investigated using samples of rat live tissue homogenate, Krebs-Ringer-phosphate buffer (pH = 7A) containing 0.3% albumin, farry acid mixture and glycerol. The addition of sepiapterin, 7,8-dihydrobiopterin and 5.6.7.8-tetrahydrobiopterin (5 and 30 pmol g wet weight) to incubation medium induced a decrease of saturated (stearic acid) and an increase of polyunsaturated (arachidonic acid) fatty acids incorporation into phospholipids. Cholesterol content decreased, but phospholiplid content did not change in samples containing sepiap

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2

Rudzite, Vera, Edite Jurika, Gilbert Reibnegger, Günter Weiss, Helmut Wachter, and Dietmar Fuchs. "Influence of Kynurenine, Neopterin, Noradrenaline and Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate on Cholesterol and Phospholipid Content and Phospholipid Biosynthesis in vitro." Pteridines 4, no. 3 (August 1993): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pteridines.1993.4.3.126.

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Summary Incorporation of fatty acids into phospholipids has been investigated using samples of rat liver tissue homogenate, Krebs-Ringer-phosphate buffer (pH = 7.4) containing 0.3% albumin, fatty acid mixture and glyceroL The addition of L-kynurenine (4 nmol/g wet weight), D-eryhro-neopterin (5 and 30 pmol/g wet weight) and noradrenaline (4 nmol/g wet weight) to incubation medium induced an increase of saturated (palmitic acid) and decrease of poly-unsaturated (linoleic and arachidonic acid) fatty acids incorporation into phospholipids. The increase of saturated fatty acids incorporation into

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3

Reibel, D. K., B. O'Rourke, K. A. Foster, H. Hutchinson, C. E. Uboh, and R. L. Kent. "Altered phospholipid metabolism in pressure-overload hypertrophied hearts." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 250, no. 1 (January 1, 1986): H1—H6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1986.250.1.h1.

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The content and fatty acyl composition of phospholipids were examined in pressure-overload hypertrophied hearts. Cardiac hypertrophy was induced in rats by abdominal aortic constriction. Twenty-one days postconstriction the content of myocardial phosphatidylcholine (PC), sphingomyelin, and phosphatidylinositol (PI) was significantly elevated by 10, 10, and 20%, respectively. The essential fatty acid, linoleic acid, was markedly reduced in PC, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), PI, and cardiolipin (CL) of hypertrophied hearts. The associated changes in fatty acyl composition were specific for the i

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4

Paoletti, Luciana, Ying-Jie Lu, Gustavo E. Schujman, Diego de Mendoza, and Charles O. Rock. "Coupling of Fatty Acid and Phospholipid Synthesis in Bacillus subtilis." Journal of Bacteriology 189, no. 16 (June 8, 2007): 5816–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00602-07.

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ABSTRACT plsX (acyl-acyl carrier protein [ACP]:phosphate acyltransferase), plsY (yneS) (acyl-phosphate:glycerol-phosphate acyltransferase), and plsC (yhdO) (acyl-ACP:1-acylglycerol-phosphate acyltransferase) function in phosphatidic acid formation, the precursor to membrane phospholipids. The physiological functions of these genes was inferred from their in vitro biochemical activities, and this study investigated their roles in gram-positive phospholipid metabolism through the analysis of conditional knockout strains in the Bacillus subtilis model system. The depletion of PlsX led to the cess

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5

Calder, P. C., P. Yaqoob, D. J. Harvey, A. Watts, and E. A. Newsholme. "Incorporation of fatty acids by concanavalin A-stimulated lymphocytes and the effect on fatty acid composition and membrane fluidity." Biochemical Journal 300, no. 2 (June 1, 1994): 509–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3000509.

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The fatty acid compositions of the neutral lipid and phospholipid fractions of rat lymph node lymphocytes were characterized. Stimulation of rat lymphocytes with the T-cell mitogen concanavalin A resulted in significant changes in the fatty acid composition of both neutral lipids and phospholipids (a decrease in the proportions of stearic, linoleic and arachidonic acids and an increase in the proportion of oleic acid). Membrane fluidity was measured using nitroxide spin-label e.s.r., and increased during culture with concanavalin A. Culturing the lymphocytes in the absence of mitogen did not a

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6

Rudzite, Vera, Edite Jurika, Bernhard Widner, and Dietmar Fuchs. "Similarity Between the Action of Pteridines and Tryptophan Metabolites on Lipid Metabolism." Pteridines 10, no. 3 (August 1999): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pteridines.1999.10.3.133.

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Abstract Incorporation of fatty acids into phospholipids has been investigated using samples of rat liver tissue homogenate, Krebs-Ringer-phosphate buffer (pH=7.4) containing 0.3% albumin, fatty acid mixture and glycerol. The addition of anthranilic acid (2.2 and 4 nmol/g wet weight), kynurenic acid (4 and 40 nmol/ g wet weight), xanthurenic acid (4 and 40 nmol/g wet weight), picolinic acid (0.2 and 2 nmol/g wet weight) induced an increase of saturated and a decrease of polyunsaturated fatty acids incorporation into phospholipids as well as an eleyation of choksterol concentration in samples u

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Ferreira, Raphael, Paulo Gonçalves Teixeira, Verena Siewers, and Jens Nielsen. "Redirection of lipid flux toward phospholipids in yeast increases fatty acid turnover and secretion." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 6 (January 22, 2018): 1262–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1715282115.

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Bio-based production of fatty acids and fatty acid-derived products can enable sustainable substitution of petroleum-derived fuels and chemicals. However, developing new microbial cell factories for producing high levels of fatty acids requires extensive engineering of lipid metabolism, a complex and tightly regulated metabolic network. Here we generated a Saccharomyces cerevisiae platform strain with a simplified lipid metabolism network with high-level production of free fatty acids (FFAs) due to redirected fatty acid metabolism and reduced feedback regulation. Deletion of the main fatty aci

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8

Diez, E., F. H. Chilton, G. Stroup, R. J. Mayer, J. D. Winkler, and A. N. Fonteh. "Fatty acid and phospholipid selectivity of different phospholipase A2 enzymes studied by using a mammalian membrane as substrate." Biochemical Journal 301, no. 3 (August 1, 1994): 721–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3010721.

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Previous studies using phospholipid mixed vesicles have demonstrated that several types of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) enzymes exhibit different selectivity for fatty acids at the sn-2 position, for the type of chemical bond at the sn-1 position or for the phosphobase moiety at the sn-3 position of phospholipids. In the present study, we have utilized natural mammalian membranes from U937 monocytes to determine whether two purified 14 kDa PLA2 isoenzymes (Type I, Type II) and a partially purified 110 kDa PLA2 exhibit substrate selectivity for certain fatty acids or phospholipids. In these studies,

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9

PURDON, A. David, and Stanley I. RAPOPORT. "Energy requirements for two aspects of phospholipid metabolism in mammalian brain." Biochemical Journal 335, no. 2 (October 15, 1998): 313–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3350313.

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Previous estimates have placed the energy requirements of total phospholipid metabolism in mammalian brain at 2% or less of total ATP consumption. This low estimate was consistent with the very long half-lives (up to days) reported for fatty acids esterified within phospholipids. However, using an approach featuring analysis of brain acyl-CoA, which takes into account dilution of the precursor acyl-CoA pool by recycling of fatty acids, we reported that half-lives of fatty acids in phospholipids are some 100 times shorter (min–h) than previously thought. Based on these new estimates of short ha

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10

Rudzite, Vera, Edite Jurika, Matthias Jäger, and Dietmar Fuchs. "Impairment of Lipid Metabolism Due to Deficiency of Pyridoxal-5-phosphate and/or Activated Immune system: its Interpretation." Pteridines 11, no. 4 (November 2000): 107–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pteridines.2000.11.4.107.

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Abstract Impairment of lipid metabolism due to excess metabolite accumulation induced by pyridoxal-5-phosphate (P-5-P)-deficiency and/or stimulated immune system has been studied and interpreted. Decreased amounts of phospholipids as well as deviations in phospholipid classes and fatty acid composition of phospholipids have been demonstrated due to kynurenine accumulation in the blood of P-5-P-deficient cardiovascular patients and white rats as well as in cardiovascular patients with activated immune system identified by an increased neopterin concentration in the blood (dilated cardiomyopathy

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11

Yousef, I. M., S. Barnwell, F. Gratton, B. Tuchweber, A. Weber, and C. C. Roy. "Liver cell membrane solubilization may control maximum secretory rate of cholic acid in the rat." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 252, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): G84—G91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1987.252.1.g84.

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The factors modulating the maximum secretory rate of cholic acid were investigated. Rats were infused intravenously with cholic acid in measured stepwise increasing doses (1, 2, 3, and 4 mumol X min-1 X 100 g body wt-1). Each dose was infused for 30 min and bile samples were collected every 10 min. Bile flow, bile acid, cholesterol, individual biliary phospholipids, and the fatty acid profiles of the biliary phospholipids were determined. Microsomal and bile canalicular membrane-enriched fractions were isolated from cholic acid-treated rats at the end of the experiment. Membranes were analyzed

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12

Rudzite, Vera, Edite Jurika, Gabriele Baier-Bitterlich, Bernhard Widner, Gilbert Reibnegger, and Dietmar Fuchs. "Pteridines and Lipid Metabolism." Pteridines 9, no. 2 (May 1998): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pteridines.1998.9.2.103.

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Summary The effect of 9 different pteridines on fatty acid incorporation into phospholipids as well as on cholesterol and phospholipid content was compared in vitro using rat liver homogenate, Krebs-Ringer phosphate buffer containing 0.3 % albumin (pH=7.4), fatty acid mixture and glycerol. D-neopterin (5-30 pmol/g) induced an increase of saturated, a decrease of unsaturated fatty acids incorporation into phospholipids and elevated the cholesterol content in samples. The phospholipid amount in samples remained unchanged. Sepiapterin, 7,8-dihydrobiopterin, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin, biopterin,

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13

Rzehak, Peter, Joachim Heinrich, Norman Klopp, Linda Schaeffer, Sebastian Hoff, Günther Wolfram, Thomas Illig, and Jakob Linseisen. "Evidence for an association between genetic variants of the fatty acid desaturase 1 fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS1 FADS2) gene cluster and the fatty acid composition of erythrocyte membranes." British Journal of Nutrition 101, no. 1 (May 15, 2008): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114508992564.

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The present study gives further evidence for the recently found association between variants of the fatty acid desaturase 1 fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS1 FADS2) gene cluster and PUFA in blood phospholipids and explores this association for cellular fatty acids in erythrocyte membranes. In a subgroup of adults participating in the Bavarian Nutrition Survey II, a cross-sectional population-based study conducted in Bavaria, Germany, allelic variation in three selected loci of the FADS1 FADS2 gene cluster was analysed and used for haplotype construction. Associations with plasma phospholipid PUFA

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14

Fuhrmann, H., та H. P. Sallmann. "Phospholipid fatty acids of brain and liver are modified by α-tocopherol and dietary fat in growing chicks". British Journal of Nutrition 76, № 1 (липень 1996): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19960013.

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Dietary fatty acids modify phospholipid fatty acids in brain and liver of growing chickens post-hatching.The effect of vitamin E deficiency on this process is unknown and may be relevant to the pathogenesis of chick nutritional encephalomalacia (NE). Therefore laying hens received a diet low in vitamin E (10 mg α-tocopherol/kg feed). Resulting chicks were assigned to nine dietary groups each fed with either oleic (18:ln-9, 58 g/kg), linoleic (18:2n-6, 57 g/kg) or linolenic (18:3n-3, 56 g/kg) acid together with 5, 25 or 125 mg α-tocopherol/kg feed. NE affecting the cerebellum only occurred in t

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15

Brooks, S., G. T. Clark, S. M. Wright, R. J. Trueman, A. D. Postle, A. R. Cossins, and N. M. Maclean. "Electrospray ionisation mass spectrometric analysis of lipid restructuring in the carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) during cold acclimation." Journal of Experimental Biology 205, no. 24 (December 15, 2002): 3989–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.205.24.3989.

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SUMMARY Cold acclimation of carp from 30°C to 10°C causes a restructuring of liver microsomal phospholipids characterised by increased proportions of monounsaturated fatty acid in phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). Here, we have used electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) to determine the patterns of alteration to individual molecular species compositions of PC, PE and phosphatidylinositol (PI) in response to gradually decreasing temperature. The results demonstrate that cold induces precise changes to a limited number of phospholipid species, and that thes

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16

Aznar, Justo, Teresa Santos, and Juana Vallés. "“Ex Vivo” Influence of Fatty Acids from Plasma Cholesterol and Triglycerides on the Fatty Acid Pattern of Platelets." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 54, no. 03 (1985): 669–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1660094.

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SummaryWe have studied “ex vivo”, in 92 normal subjects, the influence of fatty acids (FA) that esterify plasma cholesterol and triglycerides on the fatty acid composition of phospholipids, triglycerides and free fatty acid fractions in platelets.High and significant correlations (p <0.001) were found for some of the platelet phospholipid FA and the same FA that esterify plasma cholesterol [18:11 (r = 0.56); 18:2 (r = 0.71) and 20:5 (r = 0.42)] and plasma triglycerides [18:1* (r = 0.57) and 18:2 (r = 0.66)]. Some significant correlations were also found between some of the platelet triglyce

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17

Hsiao, L. L., R. J. Howard, M. Aikawa, and T. F. Taraschi. "Modification of host cell membrane lipid composition by the intra-erythrocytic human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum." Biochemical Journal 274, no. 1 (February 15, 1991): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2740121.

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The phospholipid and fatty acid compositions of the host infected erythrocyte plasma membrane (IEPM) have been determined for erythrocytes infected with the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. IEPM were prepared by selective lysis of the host erythrocyte (but not of the parasite membranes) with 0.1% saponin, followed by differential centrifugation. The purity of the IEPM was determined by measuring the membrane-specific enzyme markers acetylcholinesterase, glutamate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase, and by immunoelectron microscopy using monoclonal antibodies specific for huma

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18

Dise, C. A., J. M. Clark, C. J. Lambersten, and D. B. Goodman. "Hyperbaric hyperoxia reversibly inhibits erythrocyte phospholipid fatty acid turnover." Journal of Applied Physiology 62, no. 2 (February 1, 1987): 533–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1987.62.2.533.

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The present study is one component of a comprehensive investigation of oxygen tolerance of tissues and organs in normal human subjects. The focus of this study was the acylation of membrane phospholipid in situ by erythrocytes. Activation of exogenous [9,10–3H]oleic acid to acyl thioester and transesterification of the acyl thioester into phospholipid by intact human erythrocytes incubated in vitro decreased 30% after exposure of 10 human subjects to hyperbaric hyperoxia (100% O2, 3 ATA, 3.5 h). Partial recovery of activity could be detected when additional cells were obtained from these subje

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McHowat, Jane, Michael H. Creer, Kristine K. Hicks, Janet H. Jones, Raetreal McCrory, and Richard H. Kennedy. "Induction of Ca-independent PLA2 and conservation of plasmalogen polyunsaturated fatty acids in diabetic heart." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 279, no. 1 (July 1, 2000): E25—E32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.2000.279.1.e25.

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Diabetes-induced changes in phospholipase A2(PLA2) activity have been measured in several tissues but are undefined in diabetic myocardium. We measured ventricular PLA2 activity in control, streptozotocin-induced diabetic, and insulin-treated diabetic rats and characterized myocardial phospholipids to determine whether diabetes altered myocardial phospholipid metabolism. Increased membrane-associated Ca2+-independent PLA2 (iPLA2) activity was observed in diabetes that was selective for arachidonylated phospholipids. Increased iPLA2 activity was accompanied by an increase in choline lysophospho

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Hueso, P., L. Zancada, F. Pérez-Díez, F. Sánchez-Juanes, J. M. Alonso, and L. A. García-Pardo. "Phospholipid classes and fatty acid composition of ewe’s and goat’s milk." Grasas y Aceites 64, no. 3 (May 28, 2013): 304–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/gya.095312.

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21

Tsofina, L. M., and E. N. Mokhova. "Effect of Palmitic and Lauric Acids on the Phospholipid Bilayer Membrane Conductivity." Bioscience Reports 18, no. 2 (April 1, 1998): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1020136327022.

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Palmitic acid increased the conductivity of BLM from mitochondrial phospholipids when they were dissolved in a mixture of decane and chlorodecane, and was ineffective when phospholipids were dissolved in decane. Lauric acid produced an increase in the membrane conductivity independently of the phospholipid type in the membrane-forming solutions (mitochondrial phospholipids, asolectin, lecithin with cholesterol) and their solvents (decane or decane with chlorodecane). The results show that discrepancies between published data concerning fatty acid effects on the BLM conductivity may be explaine

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Klingler, Mario, and Berthold Koletzko. "Novel methodologies for assessing omega-3 fatty acid status – a systematic review." British Journal of Nutrition 107, S2 (May 17, 2012): S53—S63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114512001468.

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Over the last few decadesn-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid status became of special interest for scientists. Biochemical measures on then-3 fatty acid status vary depending on body compartment assessed and measures chosen. Plasma phospholipids and red blood cell membrane phospholipids are mainly used asn-3 fatty acid status marker. The conventional analysis of phospholipid fatty acids involves lipid extraction and consecutive chromatographic separation of phospholipids from other lipid fractions, which is time-consuming and costly. In recent years, different investigators have tried to

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23

Aerde, John E. Van, and M. T. Clandinin. "Controversy in fatty acid balance." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 71, no. 9 (September 1, 1993): 707–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y93-105.

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It is uncertain whether preterm infants can synthesize C20 and C22 (ω−6) and (ω−3) fatty acids required for structural lipids. Dietary intake of CI8:2ω−6 and C18:3ω−3 in formulae lacking long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids can result in reduced levels of C20 and C22 homologues in membrane phospholipids as compared with breast-fed infants. Supplementation of fish oil has been shown to alleviate this problem in part only, as synthesis and incorporation of arachidonic acid into membrane phospholipids is reduced. Presently, infant formulae do not contain C20 and C22 fatty acids. Feeding an expe

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Baker, R. Roy, and Zou Dao Loh. "Fatty acid release in incubations of serum with synaptosome and myelin subfractions of brain." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 68, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 148–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o90-020.

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To study lipid breakdown in brain membranes following hemorrhage, synaptosome and myelin fractions isolated from rat brain were incubated with rat serum. After 3 h in vitro at 37 °C, 0.43 and 0.26 μmol of fatty acid were released in incubations containing synaptosomes (1.37 μmol phospholipid) or myelin (1.23 μmol phospholipid), respectively, in the presence of 0.25 mL serum. Less than 0.05 μmol of fatty acid was liberated in incubations containing only serum, synaptosomes, or myelin. For synaptosomes and serum, docosahexaenoate was the principal fatty acid released (28 mol% of total) after 3 h

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25

Mahajan, Sandeep, and G. K. Khuller. "Cerulenin inhibition of lipid synthesis and its reversal by exogenous fatty acids in Mycobacterium smegmatis ATCC 607." Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology 63, no. 2 (February 1, 1985): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o85-012.

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Cerulenin inhibited the lipid synthesis of Mycobacterium smegmatis ATCC 607 over the range of 0.5–1.8 μg/mL with complete inhibition at 1.8 μg/mL, as monitored by [14C]glycerol incorporation into lipids. Exogenous fatty acids failed to restore the lipid synthesis at 1.8 μg/mL; however, the addition of palmitic acid to the growth medium partially restored the lipid synthesis when cerulenin concentration was decreased to 1.6 μg/mL. Fatty acid analysis of cerulenin plus palmitic acid supplemented cultures revealed that exogenously supplied fatty acid was incorporated into cellular phospholipids.

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26

SUNDSTRÖM, BJÖRN, GUNNAR JOHANSSON, HEIDI KOKKONEN, TOMMY CEDERHOLM, and SOLVEIG WÅLLBERG-JONSSON. "Plasma Phospholipid Fatty Acid Content Is Related to Disease Activity in Ankylosing Spondylitis." Journal of Rheumatology 39, no. 2 (December 15, 2011): 327–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.110575.

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Objective.To investigate fatty acid composition in the diet, plasma phospholipids, and adipose tissue in a cohort of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and to determine their correlations to disease activity and blood lipids in a cross-sectional study.Methods.Diet was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire in 66 patients with AS. Polyunsaturated fatty acids in plasma phospholipids and gluteal adipose tissue were measured using gas chromatography. Disease status was quantified using the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (E

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27

Furtado, Beqari, and Campos. "Comparison of the Utility of Total Plasma Fatty Acids Versus those in Cholesteryl Ester, Phospholipid, and Triglyceride as Biomarkers of Fatty Acid Intake." Nutrients 11, no. 9 (September 3, 2019): 2081. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11092081.

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Total plasma fatty acids or those in cholesteryl ester and phospholipids are often used to reflect fatty acid intake in epidemiological studies, but their relative performance as biomarkers of intake has not been clearly evaluated within a single population. The assessment of fatty acids in plasma fractions is more labor intensive. Thus, their use as biomarkers of dietary intake needs to be justified. Dietary intake was assessed in 200 population-based controls from a case-control study of diet and heart disease in Costa Rica by a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Fatty acids in fa

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Starodub, O., C. A. Jolly, B. P. Atshaves, J. B. Roths, E. J. Murphy, A. B. Kier, and F. Schroeder. "Sterol carrier protein-2 localization in endoplasmic reticulum and role in phospholipid formation." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 279, no. 4 (October 1, 2000): C1259—C1269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.2000.279.4.c1259.

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Although sterol carrier protein-2 (SCP-2; also called nonspecific lipid transfer protein) binds fatty acids and fatty acyl-CoAs, its role in fatty acid metabolism is not fully understood. L-cell fibroblasts stably expressing SCP-2 were used to resolve the relationship between SCP-2 intracellular location and fatty acid transacylation in the endoplasmic reticulum. Indirect immunofluorescence double labeling and laser scanning confocal microscopy detected SCP-2 in peroxisomes > endoplasmic reticulum > mitochondria > lysosomes. SCP-2 enhanced incorporation of exogenous [3H]oleic acid int

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Boberg, M., L. B. Croon, I. B. Gustafsson, and B. Vessby. "Platelet fatty acid composition in relation to fatty acid composition in plasma and to serum lipoprotein lipids in healthy subjects with special reference to the linoleic acid pathway." Clinical Science 68, no. 5 (May 1, 1985): 581–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0680581.

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1. The fatty acid composition in platelet phospholipids and in the plasma lipid esters as well as the serum lipoprotein lipid concentrations were determined in 67 healthy male subjects in order to establish the relationships between blood lipids and platelets. 2. A positive correlation was found between the concentrations of the triglyceride rich serum lipoprotein lipids and the relative percentage of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in plasma. The correlations were also positive between the serum high density lipoprotein-cholesterol concentration and the relative content of linoleic

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Schneiter, Roger, Verena Tatzer, Gabriela Gogg, Erich Leitner та Sepp Dieter Kohlwein. "Elo1p-Dependent Carboxy-Terminal Elongation of C14:1Δ9 to C16:1Δ11 Fatty Acids inSaccharomyces cerevisiae". Journal of Bacteriology 182, № 13 (1 липня 2000): 3655–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.182.13.3655-3660.2000.

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ABSTRACT Saccharomyces cerevisiae medium-chain acyl elongase (ELO1) mutants have previously been isolated in screens for fatty acid synthetase (FAS) mutants that fail to grow on myristic acid (C14:0)-supplemented media. Here we report that wild-type cells cultivated in myristoleic acid (C14:1Δ9)-supplemented media synthesized a novel unsaturated fatty acid that was identified as C16:1Δ11 fatty acid by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. Synthesis of C16:1Δ11 was dependent on a functional ELO1 gene, indicating that Elo1p catalyzes carboxy-terminal elongation of unsaturated fatty acids (α-elon

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Vistisen, Bodil, Lars Nybo, Xuebing Xu, Carl-Erik Høy, and Bente Kiens. "Minor amounts of plasma medium-chain fatty acids and no improved time trial performance after consuming lipids." Journal of Applied Physiology 95, no. 6 (December 2003): 2434–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00118.2003.

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Medium-chain triacylglycerols (MCT) have a potential glycogen-saving effect during exercise due to rapid hydrolysis and oxidation. However, studies comparing intake of carbohydrates (CHO) plus 80–90 g MCT with intake of CHO alone have revealed different results. The present study tested performance after consumption of specific structured triacylglycerol, consisting of a mixture of medium-chain fatty acids and long-chain fatty acids, to prevent the adverse effects observed by MCT (pure medium-chain fatty acids) regarding gastrointestinal distress. Seven well-trained subjects cycled 3 h at 55%

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Wang, H., H. M. Berschneider, J. Du, and D. D. Black. "Apolipoprotein secretion and lipid synthesis: regulation by fatty acids in newborn swine intestinal epithelial cells." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 272, no. 5 (May 1, 1997): G935—G942. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1997.272.5.g935.

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The IPEC-1 newborn swine intestinal epithelial cell line was used to determine the effects of the uptake of various fatty acids on the secretion of apolipoprotein (apo) B and apo A-I, as well as triglyceride and phospholipid. Long-chain saturated fatty acids were taken up and stimulated triglyceride synthesis, and palmitic (16:0) and stearic (18:0) acids also stimulated phospholipid synthesis. However, these fatty acids did not enhance triglyceride, phospholipid, or apo B or apo A-I secretion. Oleic acid (18:1) was the most effective of all fatty acids tested in stimulating triglyceride synthe

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Williams, Christine M., and K. Maunder. "Effect of dietary fatty acid composition on inositol-, choline- and ethanolamine-phospholipids of mammary tissue and erythrocytes in the rat." British Journal of Nutrition 68, no. 1 (July 1992): 183–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19920076.

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The present study investigated the effect of feeding maize-oil, olive-oil and fish-oil diets, from weaning to adulthood, on rat mammary tissue and erythrocyte phospholipid fatty acid compositions. Effects of diet on the relative proportions of membrane phospholipids in the two tissues were also investigated. Mammary tissue phosphatidylinositol (PI) fatty acids were unaltered by diet, but differences in phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and, to a lesser extent, phosphatidylcholine (PC) fractions were found between animals fed on different diets from weaning. Differences observed were those expected

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LI, Duo, Madeleine BALL, Melinda BARTLETT, and Andrew SINCLAIR. "Lipoprotein(a), essential fatty acid status and lipoprotein lipids in female Australian vegetarians." Clinical Science 97, no. 2 (June 18, 1999): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0970175.

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In the present study we investigated serum lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels, plasma lipids, the serum phospholipid polyunsaturated fatty acid profile and correlates of serum Lp(a) in healthy free-living female vegetarians (n = 50) and omnivores (n = 24) to assess differences which may have implications for cardiovascular risk. Dietary saturated fat and total plasma cholesterol were significantly lower in the vegetarians compared with omnivores. The mean serum Lp(a) concentration was lower in the vegetarians (171 mg/l) than in the omnivores (247 mg/l). The serum Lp(a) concentration was significant

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Murray Skeaff, C., and Sonya Gowans. "Home use of margarine is an important determinant of plasma trans fatty acid status: a biomarker study." British Journal of Nutrition 96, no. 2 (August 2006): 377–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn20061737.

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The contribution of the home use of margarines, made with partially hydrogenated vegetables oils, to total trans fatty acid intake is difficult to determine using dietary assessment because food composition databases are incomplete for trans fatty acids; moreover, hidden fats in manufactured foods may be the predominant sources of trans fatty acids. The objective of our study was to determine, using plasma phospholipid trans fatty acid composition as a surrogate measure of exposure, whether the home use of margarine or butter is an important determinant of trans fatty acid status. We conducted

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WIGGINS, David, and Geoffrey F. GIBBONS. "Origin of hepatic very-low-density lipoprotein triacylglycerol: the contribution of cellular phospholipid." Biochemical Journal 320, no. 2 (December 1, 1996): 673–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3200673.

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When rat hepatocytes were cultured for 24 h in the absence of exogenous fatty acid, the amount of very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) triacylglycerol (TAG) secreted (114±14 µg/mg of cell protein) could not be accounted for by the mass of TAG lost from the cells (29±6.1 µg/mg of cell protein) during this period (n = 12). Of the balance (85±14 µg/mg; 94±15 nmol/mg), a maximum of only 37 nmol/mg of cell protein of TAG could be accounted for by fatty acids synthesized de novo. When labelled exogenous oleate (initial concentration, 0.75 mM) was present in the culture medium, the net gain in cellula

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Rudzite, Vera, Edite Jurika, Janis Jirgensons, Inga Herpfer, Günter Weiss, Helmut Wachter, and Dietmar Fuchs. "The Influence of Kynurenine and Its Metabolites on Lipid Metabolism." Pteridines 8, no. 3 (September 1997): 201–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pteridines.1997.8.3.201.

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Summary Incorporation of fatty acids into phospholipids has been investigated using samples of rat liver tissue homogenate, Krebs-Ringer-phosphate buffer (pH=7.4) containing 0.3% albumin, fatty acid mixture and glycerol. The addition of L-kynurenine (4 nmoljg wet weight) to incubation medium induced an increase of palmitic, oleic and linolenic acid and decrease of linoleic and arachidonic acid incorporation into phospholipids. These changes of fatty acid incorporation into phospholipids were followed by increase of cholesterol and decrease of phospholipids content in samples. The addition of 3

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Wetzels, J. F., X. Wang, P. E. Gengaro, R. A. Nemenoff, T. J. Burke, and R. W. Schrier. "Glycine protection against hypoxic but not phospholipase A2-induced injury in rat proximal tubules." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 264, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): F94—F99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1993.264.1.f94.

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We studied the effects of glycine (2 mM) on hypoxia-induced changes in phospholipids and fatty acids in isolated rat proximal tubules. In this preparation, 25 min of hypoxia caused cell injury, as reflected by the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (13.1 +/- 0.8 vs. 43.5 +/- 3.2%; P < 0.01). Hypoxia caused increases in fatty acids and in lysophospholipids. Glycine prevented the hypoxia-induced cell injury (LDH 13.1 +/- 0.8 vs. 11 +/- 0.7%; not significant) but did not attenuate the increases in fatty acids or lysophospholipids. In additional experiments, the effects of glycine on phosph

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Banaś, A., A. Dahlqvist, U. Ståhl, M. Lenman, and S. Stymne. "The involvement of phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferases in triacylglycerol production." Biochemical Society Transactions 28, no. 6 (December 1, 2000): 703–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0280703.

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We have characterized three CoA-independent types of enzyme, phospholipases, phospholipid: diacylglycerol acyltransferases (PDATs) and cholinephosphotransferases, responsible for the removal of unusual fatty acids from phosphatidylcholine (PC) in microsomal preparations from developing oil seeds. The metabolism of sn-2-[14C]acyl-PC was monitored in microsomal preparations from various oilseeds having either medium-chain, acetylenic, epoxy or hydroxy fatty acids as their major fatty acids in the oil. The results indicate that PDAT plays a major role in removing ricinoleic acid and vernolic acid

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Ly, Dang Thi Phuong, Pham Minh Quan, Trinh Thi Thu Huong, Valeria P. Grigorchuk, Pham Quoc Long, Luu Van Huyen, and Andrey B. Imbs. "INVESTIGATION ON CONTENT OF FATTY ACIDS, PHOSPHOLIPIDS, AND PHOSPHOLIPID MOLECULAR SPECIES COMPOSITION OF THE VIETNAMESE CORAL Bebryce sp." Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ Biển 18, no. 2 (June 30, 2018): 178–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/1859-3097/18/2/12971.

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In the fatty acid composition of total lipid of the soft coral Bebryce sp., the concentration of unsaturated fatty acid predominates. The composition of saturated fatty acids is very diverse, including all saturated fatty acids from C14 to C26. The unsaturated fatty acids with high concentration are C20: 4n-6, 20:5n-3, 22:6n-3, 24:5n-6, 26:3n-6, 26:2n-6, 26:2n-7, 28:3n-6. In the fatty acids composition of the studied coral, there is presence of characterized fatty acids for the existence of sponges C25-C28 (demospongic fatty acids) with total content 29,86%. Most of the Bebryce coral species d

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Rubin, B. B., G. Chang, S. Liauw, A. Young, A. Romaschin, and P. M. Walker. "Phospholipid peroxidation deacylation and remodeling in postischemic skeletal muscle." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 263, no. 6 (December 1, 1992): H1695—H1702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1992.263.6.h1695.

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Reperfusion of ischemic skeletal muscle is associated with white blood cell (WBC) sequestration and hydroperoxy-conjugated diene (HCF) formation, a marker of free radical-mediated phospholipid peroxidation. The purpose of this study was to define the kinetics of phospholipid fatty acyl peroxidation, deacylation, and remodeling in postischemic skeletal muscle during prolonged reperfusion in vivo, and to determine whether reperfusion with WBC and plasma-depleted blood would attenuate postischemic phospholipid peroxidation and myocyte necrosis. The isolated, paired, canine gracilis muscle model w

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BRUCE, Jennifer S., and Andrew M. SALTER. "Metabolic fate of oleic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid in cultured hamster hepatocytes." Biochemical Journal 316, no. 3 (June 15, 1996): 847–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3160847.

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Unlike other saturated fatty acids, dietary stearic acid does not appear to raise plasma cholesterol. The reason for this remains to be established, although it appears that it must be related to inherent differences in the metabolism of the fatty acid. In the present study, we have looked at the metabolism of palmitic acid and stearic acid, in comparison with oleic acid, by cultured hamster hepatocytes. Stearic acid was taken up more slowly and was poorly incorporated into both cellular and secreted triacylglycerol. Despite this, stearic acid stimulated the synthesis and secretion of triacylg

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Fokina, N. N., T. R. Ruokolainen, I. N. Bakhmet, and N. N. Nemova. "Lipid composition in response to temperature changes in blue mussels Mytilus edulis L. from the White Sea." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 95, no. 8 (April 17, 2015): 1629–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315415000326.

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Alterations of membrane lipid composition (cholesterol, phospholipids and their fatty acids) in response to various temperature changes were studied in blue mussels Mytilus edulis L. from the White Sea. Lipid composition changes after acute temperature stress, especially a temperature drop, included a significant reduction of the membrane phospholipid content directly (1 h) after return to the initial temperature, which was presumably a consequence of a non-specific stress reaction in the mussels. A longer recovery period (24 h) as well as long-term temperature acclimation (14 days) induced ch

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Lalande, R., B. Gagnon, R. A. Chapman, and G. M. Barnett. "Soil microbial populations, activity, and community structure in continuous corn or forage systems under organic or inorganic fertilization in eastern Canada." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 85, no. 1 (February 1, 2005): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s04-043.

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Succession of soil microbial communities proceeds interdependently with crop development under the control of edaphic, agricultural, and climatic conditions. Soil microbial community composition and activity were characterized in two managed cropping systems (continuous corn or mixed forage) receiving liquid hog manure (LHM) or inorganic fertilization (IF) since 1989. Microbial community composition was determined from patterns of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA). Soil microbial biomass C, enzymatic activity, and total phospholipids were greater under forage than under continuous corn. Principa

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Carpenter-Boggs, Lynne, Ann C. Kennedy, and John P. Reganold. "Use of Phospholipid Fatty Acids and Carbon Source Utilization Patterns To Track Microbial Community Succession in Developing Compost." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64, no. 10 (October 1, 1998): 4062–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.64.10.4062-4064.1998.

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ABSTRACT Carbon source utilization and phospholipid fatty acid analyses were used to track the rapidly changing microbial community in composting dairy waste. Microbial abilities to utilize common plant sugars increased during composting. Community phospholipid profiles changed significantly over time. Phospholipids suggested the presence of more thermophiles and fewer bacteria with continued compost development.

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Jolly, Christopher A., Eric J. Murphy, and Friedhelm Schroeder. "Differential influence of rat liver fatty acid binding protein isoforms on phospholipid fatty acid composition: phosphatidic acid biosynthesis and phospholipid fatty acid remodeling." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism 1390, no. 3 (February 1998): 258–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0005-2760(97)00186-0.

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Helge, Jørn W., Ben J. Wu, Mette Willer, Jens R. Daugaard, Leonard H. Storlien, and Bente Kiens. "Training affects muscle phospholipid fatty acid composition in humans." Journal of Applied Physiology 90, no. 2 (February 1, 2001): 670–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2001.90.2.670.

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Training improves insulin sensitivity, which in turn may affect performance by modulation of fuel availability. Insulin action, in turn, has been linked to specific patterns of muscle structural lipids in skeletal muscle. This study investigated whether regular exercise training exerts an effect on the muscle membrane phospholipid fatty acid composition in humans. Seven male subjects performed endurance training of the knee extensors of one leg for 4 wk. The other leg served as a control. Before, after 4 days, and after 4 wk, muscle biopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis. After 4 wk,

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Reithuber, Elisabeth, Priyanka Nannapaneni, Olena Rzhepishevska, Anders E. G. Lindgren, Oleksandr Ilchenko, Staffan Normark, Fredrik Almqvist, Birgitta Henriques-Normark, and Peter Mellroth. "The Bactericidal Fatty Acid Mimetic 2CCA-1 Selectively Targets Pneumococcal Extracellular Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism." mBio 11, no. 6 (December 15, 2020): e03027-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mbio.03027-20.

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ABSTRACTStreptococcus pneumoniae, a major cause of pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis worldwide, has the nasopharynges of small children as its main ecological niche. Depletion of pneumococci from this niche would reduce the disease burden and could be achieved using small molecules with narrow-spectrum antibacterial activity. We identified the alkylated dicyclohexyl carboxylic acid 2CCA-1 as a potent inducer of autolysin-mediated lysis of S. pneumoniae, while having low activity against Staphylococcus aureus. 2CCA-1-resistant strains were found to have inactivating mutations in fakB3, known to

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Price, Edwin R., and Christopher G. Guglielmo. "The effect of muscle phospholipid fatty acid composition on exercise performance: a direct test in the migratory white-throated sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis)." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 297, no. 3 (September 2009): R775—R782. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00150.2009.

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Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) can have various effects on animal physiology through their roles as energy, structural, regulatory, and signaling molecules. Of recent interest has been the incorporation of dietary PUFA into muscle membranes as phospholipids, thereby potentially affecting exercise performance by mechanisms such as altered mitochondrial proton leak and membrane-bound protein activity. We first studied the effects of a high-ω6 PUFA diet vs. a high-ω3 PUFA diet on peak metabolic rate (PMR) in white-throated sparrows, and additionally measured mRNA expression of fatty a

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Beavis, Janine, John L. Harwood, Gerald A. Coles, and John D. Williams. "Synthesis of Phospholipids by Human Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 14, no. 4 (October 1994): 348–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089686089401400407.

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Objective To assess the capacity of cultured human peritoneal mesothelial cells to synthesize choline-containing phospholipids. The study compares the phospholipids secreted from cultured cells with those which we, and others, have identified in the dialysate of patients treated by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Patients CAPD effluent was collected from 8 patients who had been receiving CAPD treatment for at least 11 months and who had normal ultrafiltration. Cell Cultures Using human omental tissue, homogeneous cultures of mesothelial cells were established. Methods Synthes

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