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Journal articles on the topic 'Phosphorus, poisoning'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Arustamian, O. M., V. S. Tkachyshyn, V. Ye Kondratiuk, O. Yu Aleksiychuk, and I. V. Dumka. "Phosphorus poisoning." EMERGENCY MEDICINE 16, no. 4 (May 1, 2020): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22141/2224-0586.16.4.2020.207932.

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2

Kumar, AS Praveen, BA Praveen Kumar, and MP Anupama. "Yellow Phosphorus Poisoning." Annals of Health and Health Sciences 1, no. 1 (2014): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/j.2322-0422.1.1.014.

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3

Jonsson, Rasmus, Oana Mihai, Jungwon Woo, Magnus Skoglundh, Eva Olsson, Malin Berggrund, and Louise Olsson. "Gas-Phase Phosphorous Poisoning of a Pt/Ba/Al2O3 NOx Storage Catalyst." Catalysts 8, no. 4 (April 11, 2018): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal8040155.

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The effect of phosphorous exposure on the NOx storage capacity of a Pt/Ba/Al2O3 catalyst coated on a ceramic monolith substrate has been studied. The catalyst was exposed to phosphorous by evaporating phosphoric acid in presence of H2O and O2. The NOx storage capacity was measured before and after the phosphorus exposure and a significant loss of the NOx storage capacity was detected after phosphorous exposure. The phosphorous poisoned samples were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), N2-physisorption and inductive coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). All characterization methods showed an axial distribution of phosphorous ranging from the inlet to the outlet of the coated monolith samples with a higher concentration at the inlet of the samples. Elemental analysis, using ICP-AES, confirmed this distribution of phosphorous on the catalyst surface. The specific surface area and pore volume were significantly lower at the inlet section of the monolith where the phosphorous concentration was higher, and higher at the outlet where the phosphorous concentration was lower. The results from the XPS and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)-energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analyses showed higher accumulation of phosphorus towards the surface of the catalyst at the inlet of the monolith and the phosphorus was to a large extent present in the form of P4O10. However, in the middle section of the monolith, the XPS analysis revealed the presence of more metaphosphate (PO3−). Moreover, the SEM-EDX analysis showed that the phosphorous to higher extent had diffused into the washcoat and was less accumulated at the surface close to the outlet of the sample.

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4

Larson, J. E., S. A. Swigart, and C. R. Angle. "Laxative Phosphate Poisoning: Pharmacokinetics of Serum Phosphorus." Human Toxicology 5, no. 1 (January 1986): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032718600500109.

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Despite the frequency of acute poisoning in normal children by oral or rectal phosphosoda laxatives, the rate of clearance of the resultant high level of phosphorus and the rationale for therapy are defined incompletely. 1 Pharmacokinetic analysis has been made of plasma inorganic phosphate ( Pi) in an infant after ingestion of phosphosoda laxative and of data reported for four comparable poisonings in healthy infants to provide a nomogram which predicts the decline in Pi in paediatric phosphate poisoning. 2 Clearance of Pi is exponential; it directly correlates with and approaches the glomerular filtration rate. 3 After single oral or rectal overdoses, plasma Pi at diagnosis is 4-20 mmoul and has a half-life of 5-11 h that appears independent of therapy. The time for plasma Pi to return to normal can be calculated from the initial Pi as t = (In 5/ Pi )/0.1292. 4 Neuromuscular and cardiac abnormalities relate to the low serum calcium; the increase of total serum calcium during recovery from phosphate poisoning is linear but is accelerated by intravenous (i.v.) calcium salt. Continued i.v. calcium therapy may be required since restoration of plasma calcium is often delayed.

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Gumbrell, R. C., and G. R. Bentley. "Secondary phosphorus poisoning in dogs." New Zealand Veterinary Journal 43, no. 1 (January 2, 1995): 25–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00480169.1995.35837.

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6

Khan, Zarmast, Muhammad Hanif, Sadia Yasmeen, Naseem Begum, Ibrahim ., and Saba Afzal Shaikh. "Spectrum of Clinical Presentations and Outcomes in Children with Poisoning at a Tertiary Care Center." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 7 (July 30, 2022): 793–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22167793.

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Objective: The purpose of this research was to better understand the severity and treatment options for paediatric poisonings at a major medical centre. Study Design: Retrospective Study Place and Duration: Niazi Medical and Dental College, Sargodha, From September, 2021 to February, 2022. Methods: There were 65 children had age 6 months to 14 years were presented in this study. All the included patients had accidental poisoning. After obtaining written consent from the parents of participants, detailed demographic information including age, sex, place of residence, and weight, was determined. Symptoms of poisoning, causes and products containing poison substances were assessed. SPSS 24.0 was used to analyze all data. Results: We found that 38 (58.5%) cases were males and females were 27 (41.5%). Most of the children 32 (49.2%) had age 6-months to 3 years, 20 (30.8%) had age 4-6 years and 13 (20%) had age 7-14 years. Diarrhea was the most common symptom found in 28 (43.1%) cases, followed by drowsiness and fever. Organo-phosphorus compounds was the most common poison substance found in 26 (40%) cases, kerosene oil in 15 (23.1%) cases, pharmaceutical drugs in 14 (21.5 %) cases, opioid poisoning in 7 (10.8%) cases and plant/atropine in 3 (4.6%) cases. Most common container of substance was bottle pack found in 22 (33.8%) cases, followed by spray bottle in 16 (24.6%) cases, glass in 11 (16.9%) cases and 21 (32.35) were others. Conclusion: In this study, we found that young male children are more susceptible to poisoning. The most frequent symptoms of poisoning from organophosphorus chemicals are diarrhea. Keywords: Accidental Poisoning, Children, Organo-phosphorous, Diarrhea

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7

Mishra, Shubhankar, T. V. Ramkumar, Ashok Kumar Biswas, and Sambedana Panigrahi. "Childhood Poisoning, A Rising Epidemic in Developing Nations: Large Single Centre Study." Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society 37, no. 2 (February 24, 2018): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v37i2.16843.

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Introduction: Poisoning is a major problem in children. The aims of this study were to determine the pattern of poisoning in children along with seasonal incidence, duration of treatment and outcome in referral centre of eastern India.Materials and Methods: All the children admitted to paediatric ward of MKCG Medical college and hospital from 1st April 2015 to 31st March 2016 (1 year) with history or suspicion of poisoning and animal bites were included in the study. Brought dead patients and the children with side effects due to ingested drugs in prescribed amount were excluded from the study.Results: Total 530 cases were documented with highest incidence in rainy season. 1-6 years children were mostly vulnerable (42.6%). Accidental mode was the major cause in small children and suicidal, in older. Animal bites and stings (n=241) were the commonest followed by chemical poisonings. Kraits were commonest culprit in snake envenomation group. Alprazolam was most common drug causing drug overdose. Total numbers of death were 27. Major cause of death was organo- phosphorus poisoning (OP) and snakebite. Mean days of hospitalization was 2.5 days and death after hospitalization was 1.8 days.Conclusion: Most of the childhood poisonings were due to accidental cause. Animal bites were mostly due to snakes. Maximum numbers of deaths were due to OP poisoning. Watchful observation, clean and clear environment, understanding the problems of adolescence, friendly atmosphere in home can prevent most of the poisonings and animal bites in children.

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8

Goel, Amit, Debdatta Basu, and CP Lakshmi. "Cholestatic presentation of yellow phosphorus poisoning." Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics 5, no. 1 (2014): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0976-500x.124430.

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9

Chebrolu, S. B., A. Hariman, C. H. Eggert, S. Patel, C. M. Kjellstrand, and T. S. Ing. "Phosphorus-Enriched Hemodialysis for the Treatment of Patients with Severe Methanol Intoxication." International Journal of Artificial Organs 28, no. 3 (March 2005): 270–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039139880502800313.

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Severe methanol poisoning requires treatment with prolonged and intensive hemodialytic therapy. Such treatment can engender either the de novo development of hypophosphatemia or the worsening of pre-existing hypophosphatemia. Phosphorus-enriched hemodialysis therapy can prevent the occurrence of this complication. We report three patients with severe methanol poisoning who were treated with phosphorus-enriched hemodialysis. Prevention or treatment of hypophosphatemia was successfully achieved with this dialytic technique.

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10

Zoppellari, R., L. Targa, P. Tonini, and R. Zatelli. "Acute Poisoning with Methidathion: A Case." Human & Experimental Toxicology 9, no. 6 (November 1990): 415–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032719000900610.

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An acute poisoning in a 50-year-old man who ingested approximately 6.2 g of the phosphorus ester methidathion is described. The patient was treated with three haemoperfusions 23, 44 and 115 h after ingestion, with continuous gastric lavage, atropine and pralidoxime administration and with prolonged mechanical ventilation. Haemoperfusion was an ineffective epuration technique since it removed only 0.22% of the ingested methidathion. The clinical course wavered because of a probable redistribution of phosphorus ester from fat to blood. A plasma level higher than 100 μg l-1 was associated with the most serious phases. Methidathion was present in the plasma until the sixth day, in the urine until the seventh and in the gastric juice until the eighth. Its absence in the fat biopsy made on the tenth day was an aid to therapy. The phosphorus ester did not inhibit lymphocyte neuropathy target esterase (NTE), neither did it induce development of delayed polyneuropathy.

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11

Chakraborty, Surangama, and S. Rajan. "The toxicological profile of acute phosphorus poisoning." Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine 43, no. 3 (2021): 242–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-0848.2021.00061.0.

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12

Kumar, K. Jagadish, M. Santhosh Kumar, Divya Sankuru, and Nandakishore Reddy. "Fatal yellow phosphorus poisoning in a child." Sri Lanka Journal of Child Health 47, no. 3 (September 5, 2018): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sljch.v47i3.8553.

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13

Banjan, Deepa S., Kavita Sane, Sachchidanand Wattamvar, and Mahesh More. "Predictable factors for intervention with heparin free plasmapheresis in impending liver cell failure due to consumption of phosphorus rodenticide." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 7, no. 8 (July 25, 2019): 3026. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20193390.

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Background: Yellow phosphorus containing rodenticide poisoning are common in Adult critical care. They cause coagulopathy and liver cell failure in humans. Till date, only liver transplants had been advocated as the final treatment of fulminant liver failure occurring as a complication of rodenticide poisoning. In this study, an innovative Treatment approach was given to liver cell failure cases who had consumed yellow phosphorus paste.Methods: Retrospective analysis of case records of liver cell failure cases due to the consumption of phosphorus containing Rodenticide poisonings, were analysed for a period of 1 year from January 2018 to January 2019 in a public hospital. Medical case records were obtained from records department and Postmortem registers. Symptoms, signs, investigations, treatments, complications, and outcomes were tabulated.Results: Total 11 cases were studied. 8 cases of liver cell failure and coagulopathy in whom therapeutic heparin free plasmapheresis was given, recovered completely from liver cell failure. A significant drop in Haemoglobin, platelet count, PT INR Ratio and rise in serum alkaline phosphatase, were the predictable factors used for the intervention of therapy with 5 cycles of heparin free plasmapheresis to eliminate toxic effects of phosphorus on liver cells and in the blood. A comparative analysis of untreated cases (n=3) vs treated with plasmapheresis (n=8), showed a significant statistical difference (P <0.005) in outcomes with a degree of freedom=2.Conclusions: Plasmapheresis can be a therapeutic treatment for liver cell failure caused due to the consumption of yellow phosphorus. Predictable factors for impending liver cell failure in whom plasmapheresis will be of benefit are dependent upon prothrombin time, INR ratio, Liver enzymes and time interval between consumption and onset of liver cell failure.

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14

Miao, Jifa, Xianfang Yi, Qingfa Su, Huirong Li, Jinsheng Chen, and Jinxiu Wang. "Poisoning Effects of Phosphorus, Potassium and Lead on V2O5-WO3/TiO2 Catalysts for Selective Catalytic Reduction with NH3." Catalysts 10, no. 3 (March 20, 2020): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10030345.

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The poisoning effect of single elements on commercial V2O5-WO3/TiO2 catalysts has been studied in the past decades. In this study, the combined effects of two multi-element systems (phosphorus-potassium and phosphorus-lead) on V2O5-WO3/TiO2 catalysts were studied by diverse characterizations. The results show that potassium and lead can result in the deactivation of catalysts to different degrees by reacting with active acid sites and reducing the amount of V5+. However, phosphorus displays slight negative influence on the NOx conversion of the catalyst due to the comprehensive effect of reducing V5+ amount and generating new acid sites. The samples poisoned by phosphorus–potassium and phosphorus–lead have higher NOx conversion than that by potassium or lead, because doped potassium or lead atoms may react with new acid sites generated by phosphate, which liberates more V–OH on the surface of catalysts and reduces the poisoning effects of potassium or lead on vanadium species and active oxygen species.

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15

van der Bij, Hendrik E., and Bert M. Weckhuysen. "Phosphorus promotion and poisoning in zeolite-based materials: synthesis, characterisation and catalysis." Chemical Society Reviews 44, no. 20 (2015): 7406–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cs00109a.

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16

K., Lokesh N., Shivakumar K. M., and Yamunaraj S. D. "A study on outcome of rodenticide poisoning patients admitted to a tertiary care teaching hospital in relation to the chemical content of that poison." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 6, no. 3 (May 24, 2019): 927. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20192266.

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Background: Poisoning is the major health problem in India. Rodenticides are the commonest poisoning in Asian countries like India. Rodenticides are the substance used to kill rats. Prognosis mainly depends on chemical content of poison.Methods: This retrospective record-based study was conducted between January 2017 to December 2017 at government hospital department of general medicine, MIMS, Mandya, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Data regarding age, sex, marital status, occupation, type of poison, route of exposure, and outcome of poisoning and associated co-morbid conditions were collected from the hospital records and documented in the pre-structured proforma. Descriptive analysis was carried out by the mean and standard deviation for quantitative variables, frequency and proportion for categorical variables.Results: Out of 56 patients 33 (59%) were female 23 (41%) were male. Most common age group was 20 to 30 years, followed by 31 to 40 years group. Most common poison was yellow phosphorous (41%), followed by aluminium phosphide (29%). Most common complication was hepatitis (20%),followed by cardiogenic shock (9%).Total mortality was 3 (5%).Conclusions: Among rodenticides yellow phosphorous was most common consumed poison in present study. Aluminium phosphorus was most lethal poison. Even though there is no specific antidote, early symptomatic treatment is the key in reducing the mortality.

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17

Risal, Prabodh, Sandip Lama, Saroj Thapa, Rajendra Bhatta, and Raj Kumar Karki. "Cholinesterase and Liver Enzymes in Patients with Organophosphate Poisoning." Journal of Nobel Medical College 8, no. 1 (June 16, 2019): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jonmc.v8i1.24474.

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Background: Organ phosphorus compounds are one of the most common causes of insecticide poisoning worldwide leading to high degree of morbidity and mortality especially in the developing countries like Nepal. The liver is the main organ that metabolizes various compounds including toxins, chemicals and drugs and eventually excretes from the body. Few studies have been done in Nepal to see the level of liver enzymes among the organ phosphorus compounds poisoning. This may helps in early diagnosis of acute hepatic failure and reduces OP poisoning related death. Materials and Methods: Retrospective chart review study was done with organophosphate poisoning attending Emergency Department followed by admission to Medicine ward or ICU of Dhulikhel Hospital from April 2014 to September 2017. And, laboratory data was extracted from laboratory software, MIDAS version 3.2. After collection of data, statistical analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 software. Results: Majority of the patients with organophosphate poisoning were female with 64.8% and the majority (31.5%) of patient were of age group in the age group 16-25. Plasma cholinesterase level was found to be significantly decreased in the patients with organophosphate poisoning. Random blood sugar was significantly found to be raised in this study (125.77±52.3), p-value0.04. Among all liver enzymes, there is a significant negative correlation of Cholinesterase with AST (r = -0.35; p-value<0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that the level of liver enzyme do not correlate well in the cases of organophosphate poisoning except of AST, which has been raised significantly.

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Fahim, Fawzia A., Mahmoud El-Sabbagh, Nabil A. Saleh, and Usama S. Sallam. "Biochemical changes associated with acute phosphorus poisoning (in humans)." General Pharmacology: The Vascular System 21, no. 6 (January 1990): 899–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0306-3623(90)90452-r.

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Ozer, Cahit, Guven Kuvandik, Yuksel Gokel, Mehmet Duru, and Mehmet Rami Helvaci. "Clinical presentation and laboratory findings of organic phosphorus poisoning." Advances in Therapy 24, no. 6 (November 2007): 1321–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02877779.

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Taskesen, Mustafa, and Salih Adıguzel. "A Rare Cause of Poisoning in Childhood: Yellow Phosphorus." Journal of Emergency Medicine 43, no. 2 (August 2012): 270–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2011.05.083.

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21

Wang, Aiyong, Jihao Wang, Sahil Sheti, Sandra Dahlin, Joonsoo Han, Jungwon Woo, Kunpeng Xie, Lars J. Pettersson, and Louise Olsson. "A deactivation mechanism study of phosphorus-poisoned diesel oxidation catalysts: model and supplier catalysts." Catalysis Science & Technology 10, no. 16 (2020): 5602–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cy00589d.

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22

Mathew, Jithin, John Gnanaraj, Abhishekh Basavarajegowda, and Ramanathan Venkateswaran. "Plasmapheresis in lethal yellow phosphorus poisoning: a scope for recovery." BMJ Case Reports 14, no. 4 (April 2021): e239676. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2020-239676.

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A 16-year-old girl presented with grade 3 hepatic encephalopathy (HE) following suicide attempt after consuming a lethal dose of yellow phosphorus containing rodenticide. Although she was a candidate for liver transplantation, it could not be done. In the absence of a specific antidote for yellow phosphorus poisoning, the patient was managed conservatively. In addition, low volume-therapeutic plasma exchange (LV-TPE) was initiated, which resulted in a dramatic improvement in HE. Although liver transplantation is the definitive treatment, this case has shown that TPE has a promising role as a ‘bridge to recovery’ in situations where transplantation is not feasible. We describe our experience with the above-mentioned case, along with the sequence of clinical recovery and the trend in biochemical parameters during follow-up. The patient made a full recovery and is doing well.

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23

Karmaker, Madhabi, Khan Abul Kalam Azad, Partha Sarathi Sarker, Noshin Tabassum, and Debashis Mohanta. "Pattern and Outcome of Self- Poisoning among Adult population Admitted in a Tertiary Care Hospital." Journal of Medicine 21, no. 1 (November 17, 2019): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v21i1.44096.

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Background: Attempted suicide or deliberate self-harm by self-poisoning among adult males and females are a major public health problem to be addressed like any other medical condition. In recent years, patterns of self-poisoning are changing. So it is important to know about the substances used in self poisoning and its outcome. Materials and Methods: It was a descriptive type of cross sectional study done in Department of Medicine, Dhaka medical college hospital, Dhaka on100 patients with a history of self-poisoning. Study period was six months. A semi structured questionnaire was used for collection of data. Results: In our study self-poisoning was more prevalent among young age group with female preponderance. Family disharmony (45%) was the commonest cause of self poisoning and most commonly used substance was pharmaceutical drugs. Anxiolytics were the commonest (42 %), organo phosphorus compound (OPC) 20%, mixed drugs 12%, harpic 11%, rat killer 8%, NSAIDs 3%, Dettol 3% and Wheel powder 1%. Out of 90 patients 91.11% patients recovered completely. Death was observed from OPC poisoning. Conclusion: Knowing the pattern and outcome of self poisoning may improve the community based support system through which we can combat against self- poisoning. J MEDICINE JAN 2020; 21 (1) : 20-25

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Racine, Charles H., Marianne E. Walsh, Bill D. Roebuck, Charles M. Collins, Darryl Calkins, Leonard Reitsma, Pamela Buchli, and Gregory Goldfarb. "White Phosphorus Poisoning of Waterfowl in an Alaskan Salt Marsh." Journal of Wildlife Diseases 28, no. 4 (October 1992): 669–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-28.4.669.

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Debnath, Joya, Arpan Kumar Basak, Md Zubaidur Rahman, and Anujit Saha. "Profile of Organophosphorus Poisoning." KYAMC Journal 9, no. 3 (December 4, 2018): 133–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v9i3.38786.

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Background : Self poisoning with organophosphate pesticides is a major health problem in world wide. Organophosphorus compound poisoning is a very common toxicological emergency encountered at Mirzapur in Tangail. It is particularly common among the rural agricultural worker's which comprise a substantial group of the population of this region.Objective: The objective of this study was to find out the incidence, frequency, pattern of poisoning, outcome and aetiological aspect of Organo phosphorus poisoning patient admitted in Kumudini Women's Medical college Hospital.Methods: A total 366 cases of OPC poisoning were analysed during 1 year from January 2015 to December 2015. The emphasis was given on age, sex, socio-economic status, occupation, motive of poisoning, types of compound consumed its quality, place, distance from referral place and the ultimate outcome.Results: Young population of rural background, particularly agricultural workers were the commonest patients (51.91%). The most common motive of poisoning was with a suicidal intent, both in males (27.59%) and females (66.39%). Financial crisis was one of the most common reasons analysed as the motive behind the poisoning (54.20%). Three hundred forty four Patients recovered and 22 were expired. The major cause of death in these cases was respiratory failure followed by multi-organ failure.Conclusion : Strict of the pesticide act and involving a new policy by the government to educate the public and youth in large about the dangerous, life threatening effects of Organophosphorus compound could help amelerioating the harmful effects of such poisoning.KYAMC Journal Vol. 9, No.-3, October 2018, Page 133-135

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Pratim Maiti, Partha, Sourabh Dubey, and Priyanka Saha. "Study of Various Poisoning: A Review." Indo Global Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 01, no. 04 (2011): 304–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.35652/igjps.2011.31.

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Organophosphate pesticides poisoning is a leading cause of morbidity and premature loss of life. Now those days it is very important factor in our life. Organophosphorus compound poisoning is a common cause of acute poisoning in India with high mortality, out of cause of death, an important are is respiratory failure. OPs cause toxicity after their absorption from skin, mucous membrane and respiratory tract following accidental exposures, or from gastrointestinal tract following suicidal ingestion. Organophosphorus compound are the chemical compound containing carbon-phosphorus bond. Poisoning with organophophorus compound may be i) Occupational ii) Accidental iii) Suicidal. The organophosphorus anti – chE agent are hydrolysed by two families of enzyme, carboxylesterases and paraoxonases, which are not inhibited by OP compounds. Discuss about the Pharmacokinetics, clinical feature of op compound poisoning The most widely used diagnostic tests for OP exposure are the estimation of plasma ( PchE) cholinesterase and red blood cells AchE activity. For treatment used Atropine as anti-cholinergic agent. activated charcoal can proven to be effective then it should be an extremely valuable theropy since if is widely available in the developing world. © 2011 IGJPS. All rights reserved.

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Sonaiya, Sneh, and Rupal Dosi. "Biochemical abnormalities in patients presenting with acute organo-phosphorus poisoning in a tertiary care hospital, and the prognostic significance." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 9, no. 6 (May 24, 2022): 714. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20221357.

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Background: Organophosphate poisoning is a major cause of morbidity and mortality that poses public health problems in developing countries, including India. Clinical signs and symptoms of OP compound ingestion are often non-specific and clinical signs depend on the nature of the OP compound, the amount consumed the time lapse between exposure and admission to the hospital, and the severityMethods: In this prospective cohort study, we reported the clinical presentation of 50 patients with OP poisoning, and studied the correlation of serum K+, Na+, creatinine, and BUN with the prognostic significance.Result: Elevated serum creatinine along with hypokalemia was found to be strongly correlated with high mortality rates in patients with suicidal organophosphate poisoning. The correlation of clinical outcomes and low serum K+ was found to be statistically significant (p<0.001). Our study concludes that serum K+ (<3.6 mmol/l) and serum creatinine (>1.21 mg/dl) are poor prognostic indicators for patients presenting with suicidal OP poisoningConclusions: Our study concluded the association of hypokalemia and elevated serum creatinine levels with poor clinical outcomes in OP poisoning patients, and recommends regular monitoring of these prognostic indicators in effective management of these patients

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Wu, Taichun, Mengyu Gan, Li Ma, Shuang Wei, Qinglan Fu, Yanling Yang, TingTing Li, Fei Xie, Wang Zhan, and Xiujuan Zhong. "Pt-based nanoparticles decorated by phosphorus-doped CuWO4 to enhance methanol oxidation activity." New Journal of Chemistry 45, no. 25 (2021): 11035–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1nj01134k.

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DMFCs are promising power storage devices, while for methanol oxidation reaction, weak catalysis and carbon monoxide poisoning greatly limit their wide commercialization, so it's greatly necessary to exploit the anode catalysts with high performance.

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Babu, Rakesh, Kishore Kanianchalil, Anish Kumar, Rajneesh Rajan, Sajeesh Sahadevan, and Rajesh Nambiar. "Yellow phosphorus poisoning and living donor liver transplant - A case report." Indian Journal of Transplantation 14, no. 4 (2020): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2470-7511.305423.

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30

Wamiq, Syed Mohammad, Neha Singh, Abhinav Tiwari, Sambita Panda, and G. Malini Chandramohan. "Leukopenia and hepatic failure in a case of yellow phosphorus poisoning." Indian Journal of Child Health 7, no. 10 (October 28, 2020): 421–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.32677/ijch.2020.v07.i10.007.

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Babu, Rakesh, Kishore Kanianchalil, Anish Kumar, Rajneesh Rajan, Sajeesh Sahadevan, and Rajesh Nambiar. "Yellow phosphorus poisoning and living donor liver transplant - A case report." Indian Journal of Transplantation 14, no. 4 (2020): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijot.ijot_18_20.

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32

Angel Miraclin, T., Turaka Vijay Prakash, More Atul Ramachandra, and Thambu David Sudarsanam. "A Fatal Case of Yellow Phosphorus Poisoning with Refractory Cardiogenic Shock." Toxicology International (Formerly Indian Journal of Toxicology) 24, no. 1 (April 1, 2017): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.22506/ti/2017/v24/i1/149045.

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Babu, Rakesh, Kishore Kanianchalil, Anish Kumar, Rajneesh Rajan, Sajeesh Sahadevan, and Rajesh Nambiar. "Yellow phosphorus poisoning and living donor liver transplant - A case report." Indian Journal of Transplantation 14, no. 4 (2020): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2470-7511.305423.

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Haga, K., Y. Shiratori, Y. Nojiri, K. Ito, and K. Sasaki. "Phosphorus Poisoning of Ni-Cermet Anodes in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 157, no. 11 (2010): B1693. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.3489265.

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CARDUNER, K. "Phosphorus poisoning of the three-way catalyst studied by 31P NMR." Journal of Catalysis 109, no. 1 (January 1988): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9517(88)90182-0.

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KUROIWA, RYUICHI. "A case of organic phosphorus poisoning complicated by localized myocardial disturbance." Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 81, no. 7 (1992): 1114–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/naika.81.1114.

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Steele, Benjamin B., Leonard R. Reitsma, Charles H. Racine, Sherman L. Burson, Robin Stuart, and Rebecca Theberge. "Different susceptibilities to white phosphorus poisoning among five species of ducks." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 16, no. 11 (November 1997): 2275–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620161112.

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Kumar, Amith, and Virupakshappa V. "Creatinephosphokinase in organophosphorus poisoning." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 4, no. 6 (November 22, 2017): 1537. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20174675.

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Background: Organophosphorus Poisoning has been found to be a major cause of death or morbidity in our country as it freely available without need of prescription unlike in developed countries where prescription is required to purchase insecticides, the various organophosphorus compounds available are Malathion, parathion, diazinon, fenthion, dichlorvos, chlorpyrifos, ethion. Erythrocyte cholinesterase (EchE) and pseudocholinesterase (Butyryl cholinesterase-BchE) are markers used for assessing the severity in OP poisoning, but estimation of these are costly, has variable values for different individuals and is not available at all centers. This study was done to estimate levels of serum Creatine Phosphokinase (CPK)serially in acute OP poisoning patients and to correlate with prognosis.Methods: 50 patients of organophosphorus poisoning admitted to Mcgann hospital attached to Shimoga institute of medical sciences Shimoga over a period of 6 months from 1st July 2016 to 31st December 2016 were taken up for the study. A comprehensive history and detailed clinical examination was performed and patients were clinically evaluated for severity. Level of serum cholinesterase and serum CPK were estimated at admission and CPK level was measured on day 3 and day 5. The outcome of these patients was evaluated.Results: Out of 50 patients, 78% (n=39) were males and 22% (n=11) were females. Majority of patients were in the age group 21 – 40 years. Chlorpyrifos was the most common compound used. 72% had mild, 20% had moderate and 8% had severe poisoning. Serial measurements of serum CPK levels showed significant correlation with the severity of acute OP poisoning patients. The CPK levels showed a sensitivity of 74% and a specificity of 81% with a positive predictive value of 92%.Conclusions: Severe organo phosphorus poisoning is correlated with CPK levels. This study recommends CPK level estimation in assessment of severity and prognosticate patients with organophosphorus compound as alternate marker to choline esterase.

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Eddleston, Michael. "Novel Clinical Toxicology and Pharmacology of Organophosphorus Insecticide Self-Poisoning." Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology 59, no. 1 (January 6, 2019): 341–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010818-021842.

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Organophosphorus insecticide self-poisoning is a major global health problem, killing over 100,000 people annually. It is a complex multi-organ condition, involving the inhibition of cholinesterases, and perhaps other enzymes, and the effects of large doses of ingested solvents. Variability between organophosphorus insecticides—in lipophilicity, speed of activation, speed and potency of acetylcholinesterase inhibition, and in the chemical groups attached to the phosphorus—results in variable speed of poisoning onset, severity, clinical toxidrome, and case fatality. Current treatment is modestly effective, aiming only to reactivate acetylcholinesterase and counter the effects of excess acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors. Rapid titration of atropine during resuscitation is lifesaving and can be performed in the absence of oxygen. The role of oximes in therapy remains unclear. Novel antidotes have been tested in small trials, but the great variability in poisoning makes interpretation of such trials difficult. More effort is required to test treatments in adequately powered studies.

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Mishra, Ajay Kumar, Nathaniel Samson Devakiruba, Sudha Jasmine, Sowmya Sathyendra, Anand Zachariah, and Ramya Iyadurai. "Clinical spectrum of yellow phosphorous poisoning in a tertiary care centre in South India: a case series." Tropical Doctor 47, no. 3 (September 23, 2016): 245–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0049475516668986.

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Rodenticides such as yellow phosphorus are highly toxic compounds which are commonly used for pest control. Reports of yellow phosphorus poisoning from tropical nations is scanty. In this retrospective study, we report the clinical features, mortality and predictors of mortality among nine patients at a tertiary care centre in south India. Yellow phosphorus consumption was common among a younger age group of patients. The mean duration of presentation after consumption was five days. The most common clinical manifestations seen were abdominal pain and vomiting followed by a depressed sensorium. Features of acute liver failure including coagulopathy were seen in all patients. Despite all patients receiving supportive therapy, a poor outcome or death resulted in the majority. Early referral to a tertiary care centre, meticulous monitoring and supportive measures are key elements of patient management as there are no specific antidotes available at present. Increase in public and physician awareness to the toxin and implementation of preventive policies is of utmost importance.

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Wiwanitkit, V. "Acute organo-phosphorus pesticide poisoning, oxidative damage, haemoglobin level and total leukocyte." African Health Sciences 14, no. 3 (September 5, 2014): 778. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v14i3.42.

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Nouri, M., MR Jalali, M. Somti, and B. Gharaje. "Effects of Phosphorus in the Prevention of Savoy Cabbage Poisoning in Cattle." Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 44, Suppl 1 (2003): P83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1751-0147-44-s1-p83.

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BOUWENS, S. "Phosphorus poisoning of molybdenum sulfide hydrodesulfurization catalysts supported on carbon and alumina." Journal of Catalysis 112, no. 2 (August 1988): 401–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9517(88)90154-6.

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ANGRAJE, S., M. Sekar, and J. Matcha. "SAT-451 PLASMA EXCHANGE IN YELLOW PHOSPHORUS POISONING-A SINGLE CENTRE STUDY." Kidney International Reports 5, no. 3 (March 2020): S189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ekir.2020.02.479.

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KROGER, V., U. LASSI, K. KYNKAANNIEMI, A. SUOPANKI, and R. KEISKI. "Methodology development for laboratory-scale exhaust gas catalyst studies on phosphorus poisoning." Chemical Engineering Journal 120, no. 1-2 (July 1, 2006): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2006.03.012.

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Shivaraj, Kiran, and Shruti K. Shettigar. "Troponins can it determine the outcome in acute organophosphorus poisoning?" International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 7, no. 11 (October 24, 2019): 4149. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20194983.

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Background: India has shown a sharp rise in the number of suicidal poisoning in the past few years and organo-phosphorus compounds are the most commonly implicated. This is a prospective study done to assess if troponins can be used as a prognostic marker in patients with organophosphate poisoning.Methods: Author conducted a prospective study on 50 patients to measure the level of troponin T and CK-MB on admission and Day 3 in patients with OP poisoning. This was then correlated to the severity of poisoning and also studied for its association with outcomes like respiratory failure or death. The primary endpoints were death and respiratory failure while secondary endpoint was the length of ICU stay.Results: With 0.1 ng/ml taken as the cut off for Troponin- T, and 40 U/L for CK-MB, positive cardiac enzymes were seen only in 10% of the patients, but all the patients in this group developed res-piratory failure. The mean Troponin T and CK-MB levels (0.1142±0.06 ng/ml and 39.14±8.23 U/L) were higher for patients who died when compared to the survivors. A similar picture was seen in patients with respiratory failure (Troponin T 0.0895±0.01 ng/ml and 34.65±11.66 U/L) as compared to those without respiratory failure.Conclusions: The level of cardiac enzymes correlated well with the severity of poisoning, days of ICU stay and outcome, thus suggesting its use as a prognostic indicator of organophosphorus poisoning.

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Rwimal, Hem Sagar, U. Tiwari, K. Ghimire, and M. Thapa. "Hospital Based Study of Poisoning Among Children, 1 to 18 Years of Age in Eastern Nepal." Birat Journal of Health Sciences 2, no. 1 (May 9, 2017): 138–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bjhs.v2i1.17293.

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IntroductionThe poisoning among children had been a major cause of hospital admission and also a significant global health problem throughout the world including Nepal. There are various studies suggestive of incidence rate of poisoning in children ranging from 0.74% to 3%. In older children, poisoning is usually intentional where as in infants and younger children it is accidental in nature There are few studies done in Nepal and they are mainly from Kathmandu valley, this study will add more information from eastern region of Nepal.ObjectiveThis study aimed to find out the type of poisoning among children and adolescents, manner of poisoning and its outcomes.MethodologyThis was a retrospective study carried out at Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital over a period of one year starting from 1st August 2014 to 31 July 2015. This study included all the children and adolescents of 1 to 18 years of age admitted to pediatric ward and ICU for the management of poisoning. The information including name of poisons, manner of poisoning, socio-economic and demographic factors related to poisoning, geographical distribution of sample population, durations of hospital stay and outcome of treatment were retrieved from the records. The data was analyzed using SPSS. Susceptibility, urinary tract infection, uropathogens.ResultsA total of 64 cases were studied. It included almost the same number of males (n=31) and females (n=33). The age group of 13-18 years had the largest prevalence of poisoning (n=22). Organo-phosphorus (n=25) was the commonest poison. As the study was conducted in a tertiary care center of eastern Nepal located at Biratnagar, Morang district, a majority of the cases (39) were from Morang. A total of 41% children required hospital stay for more than 7 days where as 37% of them required 5-7 days of hospital stay and only 22% children stayed for 1-4 days in the hospital. No mortality was noted.ConclusionThe pediatric poisoning in eastern Nepal is a significant public health issue and nature of poisoning was accidental followed by suicidal. The commonest age group involved is adolescence, which highlights the need for education and implementation of suicidal prevention programming this region. The higher prevalence of accidental poisoning in first two year of life necessitates the need of child safety and injury prevention program in the community. Birat Journal of Health Sciences Vol.2/No.1/Issue 2/ Jan - April 2017, Page: 138-141

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Kharkongor, MebanAibor, AjayKumar Mishra, KFibi Ninan, and Ramya Iyadurai. "Early use of intravenous N-acetylcysteine in treatment of acute yellow phosphorus poisoning." Current Medical Issues 15, no. 2 (2017): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0973-4651.206530.

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Monai, Matteo, Tiziano Montini, Michele Melchionna, Tomáš Duchoň, Peter Kúš, Nataliya Tsud, Kevin C. Prince, Vladimir Matolin, Raymond J. Gorte, and Paolo Fornasiero. "Phosphorus poisoning during wet oxidation of methane over Pd@CeO2/graphite model catalysts." Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 197 (November 2016): 271–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2015.10.001.

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Mohan, Mathan, Ravana Sundaram Neelakandan, D. Siddharth, and Ravi Sharma. "An unusual case of brown tumor of hyperparathyroidism associated with ectopic parathyroid adenoma." European Journal of Dentistry 07, no. 04 (October 2013): 500–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.120657.

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ABSTRACTBrown tumor is a giant cell lesion associated with hyperparathyroidism. It is a non-neoplastic condition and represents terminal stage of the remodeling process in hyperparathyroid state. We report a case of brown tumor with multiple lesions in craniofacial region associated with ectopic parathyroid adenoma revealed after acute L-thyroxine poisoning. This case report emphasizes on the need for routine biochemical investigations along with serum calcium, phosphorus and parathyroid hormone levels in patients on thyroxine therapy.

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