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Journal articles on the topic 'Phosphorus Transformation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 15 July 2025

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YADAV, VINEET, YOGITA DESHMUKH, ANJU PATEL, KUNDAN NARAYAN WASNIK, and PUJA KHARE. "Role of biochar on phosphorus transformation in soil and/or tannery sludge mixtures." Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Sciences 40, no. 3 (2018): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.62029/jmaps.v40i3.yadav.

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Biochar is used as a solid amendment to stabilize the soil nutrients in otherwise nutrient - deficient soils. In the present study, the mobility of soil phosphorous and phosphomoonoestrases were monitored with respect to biochar amendment. Biochar amendment was used at different application rates with soil and soi sludge mixtures. Soil samples collected at different time intervals were evaluated for phosphorus levels and (acidic and alkaline) phosphatases enzyme activities. The entire data set was subjected to kinetic modeling and results showed that the data was best described by parabolic diffusion in the available and total phosphorus. Acidic and alkaline phosphatase activities follow the rate equation of power function. Briefly, our study suggests that the biochar addition alter the initial adsorption rate, diffusion of available phosphorus and total phosphorus. The biochar acts as sustainable source of phosphorus and also sustain the available phosphorus in soil and sludge.

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Ghosh, M., G. N. Chattopadhyay, and K. Baral. "Transformation of phosphorus during vermicomposting." Bioresource Technology 69, no. 2 (1999): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-8524(99)80001-7.

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Pundarikakshudu, R. "Studies of the Phosphate Dynamics in a Vertisol in Relation to the Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Rainfed Cotton." Experimental Agriculture 25, no. 1 (1989): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700016422.

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SUMMARYField studies of the dynamics of transformation and availability of applied phosphorus in a Vertisol cropped with rainfed cotton showed that phosphorus application increased available phosphorous in the soil. However, 70–80% of the phosphorus was fixed when more than 40 kg P2O5 ha−1 was applied. Maximum uptake of phosphorus by cotton occurred during the active growth period 40 to 80 days after germination, as reflected in a steep decline in the labile pool of available phosphorus in the soil. Over 50% of the total inorganic phosphorus occurred as Ca-P, which was the major contributor to the labile pool available to the cotton crop. The maximum response of cotton in terms of both dry matter and seed cotton and the maximum uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash occurred when phosphorus was applied at 40 kg P2O5 ha−1. Phosphorus application increased the length, spread, volume and weight of roots.

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Adil, Mihoub. "Citric acid acidification of wheat straw derived biochar for overcoming nutrient deficiency in alkaline calcareous soil (Case of Phosphorus)." International Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Technology 8, no. 3 (2022): 248–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/2455-815x.000173.

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Phosphorous fixation in soils is a serious concern worldwide, and biochar is gaining attention daily due to its potential benefits for improving the agronomic benefits of applied phosphorus. The present study aims to enhance understanding of the phosphorus transformation process in a deprived sandy soil following biochar amendments (no-acidified wheat straw biochar and chemically modified (acidification with 0.01 M C6H8O7) along with or without phosphorus at 250 mg kg−1. A 54-day pot experiment was conducted with two biochar levels of 4%, 8% (w/w), and control, and two phosphorus levels (without or with phosphorus). The results indicate that the integration of acidified wheat straw biochar with phosphorus resulted in increased available phosphorus in the soil. We conclude that incorporating acidified wheat straw biochar is a promising practice to potentially improve phosphorus availability in deprived soils. Further research is needed to explore site-specific phosphorus management for sustainable crop production.

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Zhang, Ziming, Deng-Hui Xing, Jun Li, and Qingfeng Yan. "Hittorf's phosphorus: the missing link during transformation of red phosphorus to black phosphorus." CrystEngComm 19, no. 6 (2017): 905–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ce02550a.

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Yu, Huaixing, Yuhao Yang, Xueya Wu, et al. "Phosphorus Migration and Transformation in Activated Sludge by Ultrasonic Treatment." Sustainability 14, no. 18 (2022): 11224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141811224.

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Ultrasonic treatment is an effective method to disintegrate sludge and extract organic matter and nutrients, including nitrogen and phosphorus, from the sludge. This study investigated the transformation of phosphorus species during the ultrasonic treatment of sludge, to reveal the mechanism of phosphorus migration in the activated sludge structure. The experimental results indicated that power density and ultrasonic time were critical parameters affecting the energy input for sludge integration. The optimal phosphorus release performance was achieved at 2.5 W/mL 10 min. The release of phosphorus showed as a layer-by-layer pattern from the inner sludge core to the outer sphere of the multiple-layer structure of the sludge. The complex sludge structure played an important role in buffering the ultrasonication process and transfer of phosphorus. Mg-P, Ca-P, and organic phosphorus are the main phosphorus species that can be extracted from the sludge core into the supernatant. The three-stage process of phosphorus migration through the sludge layers, including dissolution, reprecipitation, and equilibrium, has been revealed.

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Sun, Liling, Qi Wu, Yafei Zhang, and Wenkui Wang. "Transformation probability of graphite-diamond assisted by nonmetallic catalysts at high pressure and high temperature." Journal of Materials Research 14, no. 3 (1999): 631–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1999.0640.

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The tendency of graphite-diamond transformation assisted by nonmetallic catalysts of carbonates, sulfates, or phosphorus under high pressure and high temperature has been investigated by calculating the activation energy and transformation probability of the carbon atoms over a potential barrier. It was found that the activation energy is highly sensitive to the catalyst chosen. The value of activation energy in the systems of graphite-carbonates, graphite-phosphorus, and graphite-sulfate are 130.71 × 103, 206.03 × 103, and 221 × 103 J/mol, respectively. If fd stands for the probability of the transformation from graphite to diamond, the probability sequence of graphite-diamond transformation in different systems was put forward: fd(gr.-carbonate) > fd(gr.-phosphorus). fd(gr.-sulfate).

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Bocharnikova, Е. А., V. V. Matichenkov, and G. V. Pirogovskaya. "Effect of Active Si on Phosphate State in Sod-Podzolic Soils." Агрохимия, no. 12 (December 1, 2023): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0002188123120050.

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Samples of the upper horizon of sod-podzolic virgin and arable soil were incubated with lime or superphosphate, then amorphous silicon dioxide was introduced in doses from 50 to 5000 kg/ha and incubated again for 2 weeks. The content of water-soluble and acid-soluble forms of silicon in soils was determined and the fractional composition of phosphorus compounds was analyzed. It is shown that an increase in the concentration of monosilicon acid in the soil solution of sod-podzolic soil initiated the processes of transformation of phosphorus compounds, leading to a decrease in the proportion of insoluble forms of phosphorus and an increase in the phosphorus content available to plants. The introduction of lime or phosphorus fertilizer contributed to the strengthening of these transformational processes, which is important for the development of recommendations for the practical application of silicon fertilizers and the reduction of doses of phosphorus fertilizers.

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Zhao, Shengnan, Xiaohong Shi, Biao Sun, Yu Liu, Zhiqiang Tian, and Jussi Huotari. "Effects of pH on phosphorus form transformation in lake sediments." Water Supply 22, no. 2 (2021): 1231–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2021.356.

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Abstract The pH value of lake water varies with the lake environment, which has an effect on the form of phosphorus in sediment, and then the release of sediment phosphorus. The form of phosphorus in sediments was analyzed using field sampling. The environmental conditions with pH values of 4.0, 7.0 and 10.0 were simulated indoors to estimate the effects of pH on phosphorus release from sediments and the content change of various forms of phosphorus was studied. The results showed that in Wuliangsuhai Lake, Ca-P accounted for 54.3%, which was the largest portion of the TP. Phosphorus release was favored under acidic and alkaline conditions, and the alkaline condition was more favorable. The proportion of Fe/Mn-P and Fe/Al-P in the TP decreased with an increase in the pH, while the proportion of Ca-P in the TP increased with an increase in the pH. Under the alkaline condition (pH = 10), Ca-P in the sediment increased significantly, with an increase of 22.5%. However, Fe/Mn-P and Fe/Al-P decreased significantly, with drops of 37.3% and 44.9%, respectively. Under the acidic condition (pH = 4), Fe/Mn-P and Fe/Al-P in the sediment increased significantly, and the increases were 63.1% and 37.1%, respectively. However, Ca-P decreased significantly, with a drop of 39.2%. In general, low pH promoted the release of Ca-P, and a high pH promoted the release of Fe/Mn-P and Fe/Al-P. Wuliangsuhai Lake water is characterized by weak alkaline characteristics throughout the year, and biological available phosphorus accounts for 13.3%–20.9% of the TP, with Fe/Mn-P being the dominant form. This study revealed that the risk of phosphorus release from sediments to the overlying water was greater under alkaline conditions.

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van Beusekom, J. E. E., and U. H. Brockmann. "Transformation of Phosphorus in the Elbe Estuary." Estuaries 21, no. 4 (1998): 518. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1353291.

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Sah, R. N., D. S. Mikkelsen, and A. A. Hafez. "Phosphorus Behavior in Flooded-Drained Soils. II. Iron Transformation and Phosphorus Sorption." Soil Science Society of America Journal 53, no. 6 (1989): 1723–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1989.03615995005300060019x.

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Wang, Qiong, Naiyu Zhang, Yanhua Chen, et al. "The Phosphorus Availability in Mollisol Is Determined by Inorganic Phosphorus Fraction under Long-Term Different Phosphorus Fertilization Regimes." Agronomy 12, no. 10 (2022): 2364. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12102364.

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Understanding the effects of a fertilization regime on the long-term accumulation and transformation of soil phosphorus (P) is essential for promoting the development of sustainable management of soil P. Based on a 29-year field experiment in Mollisol, the compositions and changes of P forms using a modified Hedley sequential extraction method, solution 31P-NMR and P K-edge XANES and soil properties were investigated under continuous mono maize with and without manure (NPKM and NPK). Results showed a stronger positive related coefficient between soil total P and labile P, and mid-labile P fraction was found in NPKM than in NPK treatment. It indicated NPKM could improve the availability of soil accumulated P and reduce its transformation to stable P. Accumulated inorganic P (Pi) was dominated by aluminum phosphate (Al-P) and monobasic calcium phosphate monohydrate (MCP) for NPK treatment, Al-P, MCP, and tricalcium phosphate for NPKM treatment with XANES analysis, which contributed to the P availability in Mollisol. Moreover, the proportion of IHP with XANES and ratio of orthophosphate diesters to monoesters in NPK compared to NPKM indicated the higher Po lability with NPK treatment. Pi, especially NaHCO3-Pi and NaOH-Pi, were the potential sources of resin-Pi. Soil organic matter (SOM), organic-bound iron, and alumina oxide (Fep + Alp) showed significant influence on the transformation of P forms. Our research suggested that due to the rise in SOM and Fep + Alp, the fertilization regime significantly increased most highly active soil P fractions, especially in NPKM treatment. This work gives new insight into sustainable P management, which benefits the reduction in soil P accumulation.

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Yuan, Kun, Rui Wang, Bo He, et al. "Distribution Characteristics and Factors Controlling Different Phosphorus Fractions in the Soils and Sediments of an Inland Lagoon." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, no. 1 (2024): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse12010127.

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Lagoons, significant coastal wetlands, stand out for their vital role in the cycles and transformations of phosphorus. However, the relationship between the spatial distributions of various phosphorus forms in the soil and sediments of lagoon areas remains unclear. This study investigated the phosphorus fractions and distribution patterns in the soil and sediments from Shimei Inland Sea, Hainan Province, China, and identified the factors controlling phosphorus distribution and its relationship with lagoon eutrophication. The results revealed significant enrichment of inorganic phosphorus (IP) in the Shimei Inland Sea (64.1–679.0 mg/kg) and offshore areas (56–627.2 mg/kg), while organic phosphorus (OP) was relatively concentrated in land (60–744.3 mg/kg), suggesting that the productivity of the terrestrial ecosystem controlled the OP content and IP formed from the mineralization of OP was more likely to leach into the water and combine with minerals. Total phosphorus (TP) content was negatively affected by pH, and organic matter, cation exchange capacity and iron/aluminum oxides showed significant positive correlations with TP content. These findings highlighted the coupled impact of soil and sediment physicochemical properties on phosphorus enrichment and transformation, providing theoretical support for the ecological restoration of ecosystems in tropical coastal wetlands.

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He, Zhang-Wei, Cong-Cong Tang, Ling Wang, et al. "Transformation and release of phosphorus from waste activated sludge upon combined acid/alkaline treatment." RSC Advances 7, no. 56 (2017): 35340–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra03696e.

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Yan, Weibing, Wenbo Rao, Fangwen Zheng, Yaning Wang, Chi Zhang, and Tianning Li. "Distribution and Transformation of Soil Phosphorus Forms under Different Land Use Patterns in an Urban Area of the Lower Yangtze River Basin, South China." Sustainability 16, no. 5 (2024): 2142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16052142.

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Understanding the phosphorus (P) cycle is essential for preventing soil P loss, improving environmental quality, and promoting sustainable agriculture, particularly in urban areas. In this study, a representative city of the lower Yangtze River Basin, Nanchang, was chosen to systematically explore the distribution and transformation of soil P forms, which were extracted by an improved SEDEX method and measured by a standard phosphorus–molybdenum blue method under three land use patterns. The contents of soil P forms were the highest in the dryland and the lowest in the paddy field, with total P accumulation in the upper wasteland and paddy field soils but in the lower dryland soil. The pH value and grain size affected soil P form distributions to a variable extent from one land use pattern to another. The transformation of soil P forms was weak in the wasteland. It was first found that some detrital limestone P (De-P) was transformed into exchangeable P (Ex-P) in the paddy field with authigenic calcium-bound phosphorus (Au-P) and organic phosphorus (OP) transformation, and the transformation between Ex-P and iron-bound phosphorus (Fe-P), Au-P, and between Au-P and OP existed in the dryland. Land use pattern was the dominant driver for the P distribution and transformation of soil P. This study highlights the critical role of land use patterns in affecting the P cycle of soils in urban areas and the importance of sustainable urban land management.

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IKHAJIAGBE, Beckley, Geoffrey O. ANOLIEFO, Ogochukwu F. OLISE, Fabian RACKELMANN, Milena SOMMER, and Isaac J. ADEKUNLE. "Major phosphorus in soils is unavailable, yet critical for plant development." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 12, no. 3 (2020): 500–535. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb12310672.

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Phosphorus (p) is a chemical component that has a concentration in the world’s land mass of around one gram for each kilogram. 85% to 95% of cellular phosphorus is available in the vacuole, 31p-nmr examinations uncovers the inadequacy of inorganic phosphorus (pi) efflux from the vacuole to make-up for a fast reduction of the cytosolic pi focus during phosphorus starvation. Activities of phosphorus use involve biogeochemical mechanisms of phosphorus in soil, the phosphorus cycle, chelation of iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and aluminium (Al) and their subsequent removal from forming insoluble phosphorus compounds, transformation of phosphorus in the soil, and fixation of phosphorus in the soil. Phosphorus utilisation occur through solubilization by microbes which could be bacteria, fungi or bio-fertilizers that produce phytohormone, siderophores and antibiotics. However, factors affecting phosphorus solubilization are pH and temperature which are key predominant players for phosphorus adsorption dynamics from the soil and rhizosphere by plants, soil phosphorus transformation, spatial availability and acquisition of soil phosphorus, root architecture, bioavailability and acquisition of soil phosphorus, phosphorus cycling and bioavailability in soil-plant systems, its chemistry as well as its final uptake and utilization by plants. Overall, the phosphorus nutrition of plants is majorly monitored by phosphorus dynamics in the soil/rhizosphere-plant continuum. Given the usefulness of phosphorus to plants and its importance as a strategic resource, a better understanding of phosphorus dynamics in the soil/rhizosphere-plant continuum is necessary to lead the establishment of integrated phosphorus-management strategies involving manipulation of soil and rhizosphere activities, development of phosphorus-efficient crops, and improving phosphorus-recycling efficiency in the future.

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Qiao, Jinchao, Xin Gao, Qiang Zhou, Jianjun Liu, Longhai Zhong, and Pengwan Chen. "Formation of black phosphorus quantum dots via shock-induced phase transformation." Applied Physics Letters 120, no. 14 (2022): 141902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0082457.

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Black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) have recently obtained great attention owing to their outstanding properties, such as high hole mobility, quantum confinement effect, and edge effect. At present, several methods have been applied to prepare BPQDs using black phosphorus as precursor. In this study, BPQDs are obtained via shock-induced phase transformation using ball-milled red phosphorus nanopowder as precursor. The red phosphorus powder was ball-milled and shocked to induce phase transformation at transient high pressure and temperature. Multiple techniques are applied to characterize the recovered samples, including x-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscope. The characterization results demonstrate that the majority of recovered sample is BPQDs with a lateral size of 2–10 nm and a thickness of 0.9–2 nm. In addition, the formation mechanism of BPQDs under shock treatment was carefully analyzed, consisting of phase transformation induced by shock loading and exfoliation by tensile and shear effects. Furthermore, this study also confirms that the micromorphology of precursor is critical to the formation of BPQDs. This research provides an efficient one-step path to prepare BPQDs using ball-milled red phosphorus nanopowder as precursor.

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Xi, Wang, Lu Shuchang, Pei Zhiqiang, et al. "Effects of Soil Conditioners on Absorption of phosphorus by waxy corn and Phosphorus Transformation in High Phosphorus Soils." E3S Web of Conferences 143 (2020): 02024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202014302024.

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In this experiment, the effects of different types of conditioners and their application on the absorption and transformation of phosphorus in high phosphorus soils in facilities were investigated to improve the environmental problems of protected farmland caused by phosphorus accumulation. Waxy corn was used as a test crop, and five conditioners such as humic acid, biochar, bentonite, alum, and dephosphorized gypsum were used as test materials for potting experiments. The experiment set 10 treatments, namely T1(Blank control), T2(Humic acid), T3(Biochar), T4(Bentonite), T5(Alum), T6 (Dephosphorized gypsum), T7(Biochar-bentonite-alum), T8(Humic acid-biochar-alum),T9(Humic acidbiochar- bentonite-alum),T10(Humic acid-bentonite-biochar-alum-dephosphorized gypsum). Based on the analysis of the results of the three crops, except that the first crop was not significant, the biomass and phosphorus absorption of waxy corn of T2 was the highest in the second crop, and T10 was the most effective treatment in the third crop. The soil available phosphorus content of T8 was the lowest in the second crop and that of T10 was the lowest in the third crop, which were 12.01% and 12.75% lower than the control. The soil water-soluble phosphorus content of T4 was the lowest in the second crop, which was 41.84% lower than the control, and that of T8 was the lowest in the third crop, which was 26.62% lower than the control. According to the results of the three crops, the ratio of the total phosphorus content of the inorganic phosphorus in the third crop of each treatment was increasing compared with the first crop. The soil phosphorus was transformed from organic phosphorus to inorganic phosphorus. The ratio of total phosphorus content of organic phosphorus of T6, T9, T10 was larger than other treatments, which slowed down the conversion of phosphorus to available form. The ratio of Ca8-P in the inorganic phosphorus was the highest, reaching about 50% to 60%. From the results and analysis, T2 and T10 were beneficial to the absorption of soil phosphorus by waxy corn, T8 and T10 were beneficial to slow down the conversion of phosphorus to the effective state, reduce the potential risk of phosphorus environment, improve the phosphorus accumulation environmental issues in greenhouse farmland.

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Wang, Yan-Ling, Zhiqiu Gao, Yan Wang, Yao-Hong Zhang, Xiang-Yu Zhuang, and Hailin Zhang. "Phosphorus Availability and Transformation as Affected by Repeated Phosphorus Additions in an Ultisol." Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 46, no. 15 (2015): 1922–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2015.1069305.

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Zhang, Hongzhi, Leilei Shi, Haibo Lu, Yuanhu Shao, Shirong Liu, and Shenglei Fu. "Drought promotes soil phosphorus transformation and reduces phosphorus bioavailability in a temperate forest." Science of The Total Environment 732 (August 2020): 139295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139295.

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Xing, Dongxu, Xunzhou Li, Yi Wang, et al. "The comprehensive impact of phosphorus sources on microalgae biochemical metabolism and phosphorus transformation." Journal of Water Process Engineering 51 (February 2023): 103477. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2022.103477.

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John, Asha Grace, Reshma M. R., Beena V. I., Santhosh C., and Sajitha Vijayan M. "Transformation of Phosphorus Fractions in Various Soil Types of Kerala: An Incubation Study." Journal of Scientific Research and Reports 30, no. 7 (2024): 529–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i72167.

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Aims: Research study was undertaken to examine the dynamic changes and transformations of applied phosphorus (P) in soil, spanning a comprehensive period of 75 days, to understand its interactions and potential impact on nutrient availability. Study Design: Factorial CRD. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Vellanikkara, Thrissur, between September 2023 and December 2023. Methodology: Soil samples collected from three different agroecological units (AEU) of Kerala varying in physicochemical properties were selected for the study Plastic containers filled with 300g of processed soil were treated with four levels of phosphorus as KH2PO4, with three replications for each treatment. The experiment was laid under factorial completely randomized design (CRD). On 15th, 45th and 75th day, each treatment combinations were analysed for pH, Electrical conductivity (EC), Available P (Av. P) and different fractions of phosphorus viz. Saloid-bound P (SB-P), Aluminum phosphate (Al-P), Iron phosphate (Fe-P), Reductant soluble phosphate (RS-P), Calcium phosphate (Ca-P) and Organic P (OP). Results: Soil types had significant influence on pH, electrical conductivity, available phosphorus and various phosphorus fractions. The levels of phosphorus had significant influence on pH, EC, Av. P and phosphorus fractions except RS-P. Incubation period had significant effect on EC, Av. P and all phosphorus fractions but did not influence pH. The interaction among soil type, phosphorus levels and incubation period did not have significant influence on pH, available P and RS-P. Formation of Fe-P and Al-P was found highest on 15th day. Conclusion: EC, SB-P, OP was found to be highest on 75th day of incubation due to the slow dissolution, desorption as well as immobilisation and mineralisation reactions in the soil. The rapid precipitation of available phosphorus as Fe and Al phosphates reduces the likelihood of RS-P formation. Due to slow diffusion of P into sesquioxide, the highest value of RS-P was recorded on 75th day of incubation. It was also notable that RS-P was not influenced by the level of P. Ca-P formation was found lowest in Kuttanad soil due to ultra-acidic condition.

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Chen, Peng, Ji Jun Yan, Chun Yu Shen, Yun Bo Xu, and Guo Dong Wang. "Isothermal Bainite Transformation in Low Silicon TRIP Steel with Phosphorus Addition." Materials Science Forum 788 (April 2014): 298–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.788.298.

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The low silicon transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) steel with phosphorus addition is consisted of the microstructure of retained austenite, ferrite and bainite which produced by intercritical annealing and isothermal bainite transformation followed by rapid cooling. In this study, isothermal bainite transformation of different experimental parameters in low silicon TRIP steel with phosphorus addition was investigated in laboratory. The addition of cheap element phosphorus, which has the same effect of silicon in retard the kinetics of carbide formation during isothermal bainite transformation, can reduce the silicon content, improve surface quality, solve galvanizing problem and reduce costs. The effect of bainite isothermal temperature, intercritical annealing temperature and heating rates were investigated by dilatometric experiment on a push-rod Formastor-FII high-speed dilatometer with radio frequency induction heating. The high resolution observations, composition analysis and elements distribution of microstructure were carried out using the electron scanning microscopy of a field emission electron probe microanalyzer (JEOL JXA-8530F) operating at 20KV accelerating voltage.

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Liu, Hao, Zehui Peng, Mengdi Hu, Xin Xu, Shuai Lou, and Shancheng Yan. "Review on the Energy Transformation Application of Black Phosphorus and Its Composites." Catalysts 12, no. 11 (2022): 1403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12111403.

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Black phosphorus (BP) is a unique two-dimensional material with excellent conductivity, and a widely tunable bandgap. In recent years, its application in the field of energy has attracted extensive attention, in terms of energy storage, due to its high theoretical specific capacity and excellent conductivity, black phosphorus is widely used as electrode material in battery and supercapacitors, while for energy generating, it has been also used as photocatalyst and electrocatalysts to split water and produce hydrogen. Black phosphorus demonstrates even better stability and catalytic performance through further construction, doping, or heterojunction. This review briefly summarizes the latest research progress of black phosphorus and its composites in energy preparation and storage, as well as ammonia nitrogen fixation, and also looks into the possible development directions in the future.

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Mousumi, Ghosh, Paul Niladri, Das Suprakash, Kumar Patra Prasanta, Prasad Halder Murari, and Mukherjee Debatosh. "Pesticides jiggling microbial transformation of phosphorus in soil." African Journal of Microbiology Research 8, no. 7 (2014): 637–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajmr2013.6342.

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Gehrels, Jim, and George Mulamoottil. "The transformation and export of phosphorus from Wetlands." Hydrological Processes 3, no. 4 (1989): 365–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.3360030407.

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Ran, Xiang-bin, Hong-tao Chen, Jun-feng Wei, Qing-zhen Yao, Tie-zhu Mi, and Zhi-gang Yu. "Phosphorus speciation, transformation and retention in the Three Gorges Reservoir, China." Marine and Freshwater Research 67, no. 2 (2016): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf14344.

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Damming of river systems allowing the transformation of former rivers into artificial lakes will increase the transformation and retention of dissolved and sediment-associated phosphorus (P). The reservoir is therefore a ‘filter’ or ‘converter’, reducing and delaying the transport of nutrients to marine systems. Our study of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) found that no stratification of phosphorus occurred, and the high particulate phosphorus (PP) concentrations upstream decreased gradually in the reservoir. Detrital P was found in greater concentrations in the surface sediment, accounting for 39% of PP; exchangeable P was rare and contributed very little to the total P budget. P forms and their concentrations in the suspended particulate matter varied throughout the TGR, with a significant increase of bioavailable P in the <8-μm particle fraction from 27% of PP in Fuling to 60% in Yichang, and decreasing detrital P and authigenic P in each grain size class. The TGR acted as a ‘converter’ for the dissolved reactive phosphorus, and it therefore plays a minor role in trapping incoming total dissolved phosphorus; whereas the TGR behaved as a ‘filter’ for the PP, especially for the coarse fraction, which resulted in the retention of 70% of the non-bioavailable PP. The controlling mechanism of P species and retention in the reservoir is particulate settling and its associated effects.

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Baldwin, Darren S. "Organic phosphorus in the aquatic environment." Environmental Chemistry 10, no. 6 (2013): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en13151.

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Environmental context Organic phosphorus can be one of the major fractions of phosphorus in many aquatic ecosystems. This paper discusses the distribution, cycling and ecological significance of five major classes of organic P in the aquatic environment and discusses several principles to guide organic P research into the future. Abstract Organic phosphorus can be one of the major fractions of phosphorus in many aquatic ecosystems. Unfortunately, in many studies the ‘organic’ P fraction is operationally defined. However, there are an increasing number of studies where the organic P species have been structurally characterised – in part because of the adoption of 31P NMR spectroscopic techniques. There are five classes of organic P species that have been specifically identified in the aquatic environment – nucleic acids, other nucleotides, inositol phosphates, phospholipids and phosphonates. This paper explores the identification, quantification, biogeochemical cycling and ecological significance of these organic P compounds. Based on this analysis, the paper then identifies a number of principles which could guide the research of organic P into the future. There is an ongoing need to develop methods for quickly and accurately identifying and quantifying organic P species in the environment. The types of ecosystems in which organic P dynamics are studied needs to be expanded; flowing waters, floodplains and small wetlands are currently all under-represented in the literature. While enzymatic hydrolysis is an important transformation pathway for the breakdown of organic P, more effort needs to be directed towards studying other potential transformation pathways. Similarly effort should be directed to estimating the rates of transformations, not simply reporting on the concentrations. And finally, further work is needed in elucidating other roles of organic P in the environment other than simply a source of P to aquatic organisms.

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Fadela, Dian Mira, Ahmad Zakaria, and Adya Rizky Pradipta. "Study of Anaerobic and Aerobic Fertilizers of Organic Waste Treatment." Indonesian Journal of Chemical Studies 3, no. 2 (2024): 41–45. https://doi.org/10.55749/ijcs.v3i2.48.

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Phosphorus is a critical nutrient for plant growth, significantly enhancing agricultural productivity and ecosystem sustainability. Organic waste-based fertilizers offer a sustainable solution to boost soil phosphorus levels while addressing waste management challenges. This study evaluated the phosphorus content of anaerobic and aerobic fertilizers derived from organic waste, focusing on factors that influence phosphorus dynamics during composting. Composting methods and feedstock composition affected phosphorus transformation and availability, with temperature, moisture, aeration, and microbial activity playing pivotal roles in mineralization, immobilization, and solubilization. The experiment used market waste, pineapple peel, dry leaves, sawdust, water, sugar, manure, and EM4. The composting process involved weekly monitoring of pH, temperature, and compost height. The results showed that the pH of the anaerobic compost ranged from 7.2 to 7.4, meeting the SNI 19-7030-2004 standard. The mature compost color was brownish-black, which also complied with the standard. Phosphorus contents as P2O5 were 1712 mg/kg in aerobic fertilizer and 2653 mg/kg in anaerobic fertilizer. Phosphorus is crucial for root development, water, and nutrient absorption, and enhances plant tolerance to drought. It also affects flower and fruit formation, affecting crop yield quality and quantity. This study highlighted the importance of understanding phosphorus dynamics to optimize nutrient management and improve organic waste utilization in agriculture. Future research should explore the phosphorus transformation mechanisms and innovative composting techniques to enhance phosphorus availability for plant uptake

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Kostecki, Maciej, Malwina Tytła, Joanna Kernert, and Katarzyna Stahl. "Temporal and spatial variability in concentrations of phosphorus species under thermal pollution conditions of a dam reservoir – the Rybnik Reservoir case study." Archives of Environmental Protection 43, no. 3 (2017): 42–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aep-2017-0022.

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AbstractThe research objective was to study temporal and spatial relations between specific phosphorus species as well as to examine total phosphorus content in the bottom sediments of an anthropogenic, hypertrophic limnic ecosystem Rybnik Reservoir, functioning under thermal pollution conditions. The chemical extraction procedure for the speciation of bioavailable phosphorus forms was used. It was found that available algae phosphorus was the most dominant phosphorus species in both sediment layers (83%), while the lower share was readily desorbed phosphorus form (0.1%). The phosphorus species concentrations depended on the organic matter concentration. The differences between phosphorus species contents in the upper (5 cm) and lower (15–20 cm) sediment core layers were low. The biologically active sediment layer extended from the sediment surface to at least 20 cm depth of the sediment core. Distributions of the concentrations within the year and at specific sampling points resulted from the variability observed for particular points and transformation intensity. Furthermore in the following study, the reaction rate constant for the increase and decrease in the concentrations of the phosphorus species in sediments was given. It was indicated that the speed of the phosphorus species transformations was affected by the environment temperature. In the heated water discharge zone (water temp. 17–35°C) the concentrations of selected speciation phosphorus forms increased more than in the dam zone (5–25°C). It was also found that the abundance of the bottom sediments with phosphorus species was related to the oblong and transverse asymmetry of reservoir depth.

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Zhou, Long, Tilei Zhao, Nyeinnyein Thu, Hongmin Zhao, Yi Zheng, and Li Tang. "The Synergistic Effects of Different Phosphorus Sources: Ferralsols Promoted Soil Phosphorus Transformation and Accumulation." Agronomy 14, no. 10 (2024): 2372. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14102372.

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Phosphorus (P) application can enhance soil P availability and alter P fractions. However, the P accumulation and transformation of different P sources in low-phosphorus red soil remain unclear. Two-year (2018–2019) field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of five P source treatments (CK—no phosphorus; SSP—superphosphate; MAP—calcium–magnesium phosphate; DAP—monoammonium phosphate; and CMP—diammonium phosphate) on the P accumulation of maize and soil P fractions in low-P red soil using the Hedley Sequential Method. The results showed that P application significantly increased P uptake, Olsen-P, total phosphorus, and most of the soil P fractions. Compared to the CMP, MAP, and DAP treatments, SSP had a relatively higher P accumulation and labile P pool, with a slightly lower moderately labile P pool. The SSP treatment mainly increased soil-available P content and crop P uptake by increasing the labile P pool (resin-P and NaHCO3-Pi) and reducing the moderately labile P pool and non-labile P pool. The P activation coefficient (PAC%) and Olsen-P were positively correlated with labile P (resin-P, NaHCO3-Pi, and NaHCO3-Po) and moderately labile P (NaOH-Pi and 1 M HCl-Pi) and negatively correlated with Fe2O3 and Al2O3. The results suggest that SSP has a priority effect on the crop P uptake and soil P availability in low-P red soil.

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Huang, Lai-Ming, Aaron Thompson, and Gan-Lin Zhang. "Long-term paddy cultivation significantly alters topsoil phosphorus transformation and degrades phosphorus sorption capacity." Soil and Tillage Research 142 (September 2014): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2014.04.007.

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Li, Rundong, Ziheng Zhang, Yanlong Li, Wenchao Teng, Weiyun Wang, and Tianhua Yang. "Transformation of apatite phosphorus and non-apatite inorganic phosphorus during incineration of sewage sludge." Chemosphere 141 (December 2015): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.05.094.

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Li, Yajing, Yaping Wu, Shaopo Wang, and Liyuan Jia. "Effect of organic loading on phosphorus forms transformation and microbial community in continuous-flow A2/O process." Water Science and Technology 83, no. 11 (2021): 2640–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2021.158.

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Abstract A continuous-flow Anaerobic/Anoxic/Oxic (A2/O) system was operated at different organic concentrations to systematically investigate the effect on the nutrient removal, secretion characteristics of extracellular polymer, phosphorus forms transformation and changes in functional flora in this system. The results showed that high organic loading was more conducive to promote the secretion of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), the increase of polysaccharide content was more obvious compared with protein, the impact of organic loading on the components of loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS) was higher than that of tight-bound EPS (TB-EPS). Phosphorus in sludge floc mainly existed in the form of inorganic phosphorus (IP), and IP mainly existed in the form of apatite inorganic phosphorus (AP). High organic load showed higher phosphorus storage in EPS, and the phosphorus content in EPS was positively correlated with the content of EPS. Non-apatite phosphorus (NAIP) content played an important role in the extracellular dephosphorization. The abundance of Nitrosomonas and Nitrospira responsible for nitrification decreased with the increase in organic loading. The group of denitrifiers was large, and Azospira was the most abundant genus among them. Dechloromonas, Acinetobacter, Povalibacter, Chryseolinea and Pirellula were the functional genera closely associated with phosphorus removal.

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Sruthi, P. K., Shubhra Sarkar, N. Ramanathan та K. Sundararajan. "Elusive hypervalent phosphorus⋯π interactions: evidence for paradigm transformation from hydrogen to phosphorus bonding at low temperatures". Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 21, № 23 (2019): 12250–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cp01925a.

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Pu, Mingjun, Yingyu Zhang, Santanu Mukherjee, et al. "Impact of Combined Application of Swine Manure Liquid and Phosphorus Fertilizers on Soil Phosphorus and Microbial Communities." Sustainability 17, no. 5 (2025): 2037. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17052037.

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The rapid increase in pig production has become a major contributor to environmental issues due to the mismanagement of organic waste. The sustainable and effective transformation of this waste into a fertilization resource has become an urgent topic for environmental protection, and new regulations have been imposed. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of different ratios of swine manure liquid (SML) and chemical fertilizers on soil phosphorus forms and microbial communities through field experiments cultivating spring wheat (cultivar “Jinqiang 10”) in Hebei, China. The results indicated that the application of SML in portions with traditional fertilizer can enhance soil pH and electrical conductivity (EC), as well as available phosphorus, particularly when the proportion of SML is high (SML ≥ 75%). Compared with CK, the available phosphorus content of group C3 increased by 22.3%. SML facilitated the transformation of stable phosphorus to unstable phosphorus, as well as the conversion of organic phosphorus to inorganic phosphorus. Additionally, SML increased the soil content of H2O-P, NaHCO3-Pi, and NaHCO3-Po, and promoted the conversion of NaOH-Po to NaHCO3-Po. Studies on bacterial diversity indicated that different fertilization treatments have no significant impact on the bacterial diversity in the 0–20 cm soil layer, whereas the dominant bacterial and fungal genera were positively correlated with the available phosphorus. The present study may facilitate the combined application of SML and chemical fertilizers for soil improvement and improve phosphorus availability.

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Sablii, L. "APPLICATION OF Lemna minor FOR POLLUTED WATER TREATMENT FROM BIOGENIC ELEMENTS." Biotechnologia Acta 12, no. 5 (2019): 79–84. https://doi.org/10.15407/biotech12.05.079.

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The aim of this work was to establish the possibility of Lemna minor usage to improve the efficiency of wastewater treatment from nitrogen and phosphorus compounds. Due to their pollution resistanse, Lemna minor is often used for wastewater remediation. It’s capability of absorption and transformation of various compounds, promotes the deposition of suspended matter, saturates water with oxygen, intensifies the purification processes. Due to the rapid growth rate, duckweed absorbs a large amount of pollutants, thereby purifying water from them. However, there is insufficient data and information on the efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorous compounds extraction by Lemna minor wastewater. That is why the research direction was to determine the efficiency of wastewater treatment from biogenic nitrogen and phosphorus compounds by higher aquatic plants of Lemna minor. The necessary conditions for cultivation of higher aquatic plants of Lemna minor in autumn and winter were established. The efficiency of using duckweed of different mass for purification of waste water from biogenic compounds of nitrogen and phosphorus was investigated. The usage of duckweed together with other higher aquatic plants to investigate wastewater from biogenic nitrogen and phosphorus compounds was investigated. It was found that the efficiency of sewage treatment in the autumn-winter period should adjust the mode of illumination and temperature regime.

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Luo, Dacheng, Linjiang Yuan, Lun Liu, Lu Chai, and Xin Wang. "Biological phosphorus removal in anoxic-aerobic sequencing batch reactor with starch as sole carbon source." Water Science and Technology 75, no. 1 (2016): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2016.469.

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In traditional biological phosphorus removal (BPR), phosphorus release in anaerobic stage is the prerequisite of phosphorus excessive uptake in aerobic conditions. Moreover, when low molecular weight of the organic substance such as volatile fatty acids (VFAs) is scarce in bulk liquid or anaerobic condition does not exist, phosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) have difficulty removing phosphorus. However, in this work, phosphorus removal in two anoxic-aerobic sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) was observed when starch was supplied as a sole carbon source. The relations of the BPR with idle period were investigated in the two identical SBRs; the idle times were set to 0.5 hr (R1) and 4 hr (R2), respectively. Results of the study showed that, in the two SBRs, phosphorus concentrations of 0.26–3.11 mg/L in effluent were obtained after aeration when phosphorus concentration in influent was about 8 mg/L. Moreover, lower accumulations/transformations of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and higher transformation of glycogen occurred in the SBRs, indicating that glycogen was the main energy source that was different from the traditional mechanism of BPR. Under the different idle time, the phosphorus removal was a little different. In R2, which had a longer idle period, phosphorus release was very obvious just as occurs in a anaerobic–aerobic regime, but there was a special phenomenon of chemical oxygen demand increase, while VFAs had no notable change. It is speculated that PAOs can assimilate organic compounds in the mixed liquor, which were generated from glycolysis by fermentative organisms, coupled with phosphorus release. In R1, which had a very short idle period, anaerobic condition did not exist; phosphorus removal rate reached 63%. It is implied that a new metabolic pathway can occur even without anaerobic phosphorus release when starch is supplied as the sole carbon source.

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Xu, G., J. N. Sun, R. F. Xu, et al. "Effects of air-drying and freezing on phosphorus fractions in soils with different organic matter contents." Plant, Soil and Environment 57, No. 5 (2011): 228–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/428/2010-pse.

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Little is known about the effects of air-drying and freezing on the transformation of phosphorus (P) fractions in soils. It is important that the way in which soils respond to such perturbations is better understood as there are implications for both P availability and loss to surface waters from soils. In this study, the effects of air-drying and freezing were investigated using two soils, one being a forest soil (FS) high in organic matter and the other being a sterile soil (SS) low in organic matter. Soil P was fractionated using a modified Hedley fractionation method to examine the changes of phosphorus fractions induced by air-drying and freezing. Generally, there were no significant differences of total phosphorus among the three treatments (CV% &lt; 10%). Compared with field moist soils, freezing the soil evoked few changes on phosphorus fractions except that the resin-P increased in FS soil. On the contrary, air-drying significantly changed the distribution of phosphors fractions for both soils: increased the labile-P (especially resin-P) and organic-P (NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-Po, NaOH-Po and Con.HCl-Po) at the expense of NaOH-Pi and occlude-P (Dil.HCl-P and Con.HCl-Pi). Resin-P significantly increased by 31% for SS soil and by 121% for FS soil upon air-drying. The effect of air-drying seemed to be more pronounced in the FS soil with high organic matter content. These results indicated that drying seem to drive the P transformation form occlude-P to labile-P and organic-P and accelerated the weathering of stable P pool. This potentially could be significant for soil P supply to plants and P losses from soils to surface waters under changing patterns of rainfall and temperature as predicted by some climate change scenarios. &nbsp;

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Sapek, Barbara. "Phosphorus sorption properties of deposits from peat-muck soil profile in the Kuwasy object." Journal of Water and Land Development 16, no. 1 (2012): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10025-012-0026-8.

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Abstract Sorption capacity and the energy of phosphorus adsorption on muck and peat deposits were studied in peat- -muck soil profile from a lowland peatland in the Kuwasy object. Soils of the area are characterised by a laminar structure which results in variable sorption properties of peat deposits of different origin, degree of humification (decomposition - R) and transformation of organic matter of upper muck layers (degree of mucking - Z). There was a relationship between the maximum phosphorus adsorption calculated from the Langmuir isotherm (b) and adsorption energy (k) and the type and degree of humification of peat and transformation of muck mass. Muck deposits of the maximum sorption capacity similar to that of peat deposits bind phosphorus less intensively than peats. One may expect that different sorption capacity and the strength of phosphorus binding will effect in different migration of inorganic and organic P compounds in soil profile and their transfer to ground waters.

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Shah, Jawad Ali, and Guixin Chu. "Short-chain soluble polyphosphate fertilizers increased soil P availability and mobility by reducing P fixation in two contrasting calcareous soils." PeerJ 9 (July 5, 2021): e11493. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11493.

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Short-chain polyphosphate fertilizers have been increasingly applied in agriculture, but little is known about the chemical behaviors of polyphosphate in soils. Herein, a cylinder experiment was carried out to investigate the influences of different P types (i.e., mono-ammonium phosphate (MAP), phosphoric acid (PA) and ammonium polyphosphate (poly-P)) and their application methods (single vs split) on the mobility and availability of P in soil through a column millimeter-scale slice cutting method; meanwhile a soil microcosm experiment (560-day) was conducted to investigate the effects of different P types on phosphorus dynamic transformation. Polyphosphate addition significantly increased P mobility. The average distance of P downward movement (81.5 mm) in soil profile in the poly-P application treatment increased by 33.6% and 81.1%, respectively, compared to the MAP and PA treatments. Different P application methods also markedly influenced phosphorus mobility. For instance, the average distance of P vertical movement in the split P application treatment was 21.2% higher than in the single application treatment, indicating that split P addition significantly increased P downward movement. Moreover, polyphosphate application decreased soil P fixation by blocking the transformation of the applied-P from labile to recalcitrant forms (HCl-P and residual-P). Overall, our findings provide meaningful information to current phosphorus fertilization practice in increasing soil P mobility and bioavailability. We suggest that polyphosphate could be regarded as an alternative P source used in agriculture, and split polyphosphate application is recommended as an effective P fertilization strategy.

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Jun, Hang-Bae, and Hang-Sik Shin. "Substrates transformation in a biological excess phosphorus removal system." Water Research 31, no. 4 (1997): 893–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0043-1354(96)00363-6.

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Beusekom, J. E. E., and V. N. Jonge. "Transformation of phosphorus in the wadden sea: Apatite formation." Deutsche Hydrographische Zeitschrift 49, no. 2-3 (1997): 297–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02764040.

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Huang, Lai-Ming, Xiao-Xu Jia, Gan-Lin Zhang, and Min-An Shao. "Soil organic phosphorus transformation during ecosystem development: A review." Plant and Soil 417, no. 1-2 (2017): 17–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11104-017-3240-y.

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Wu, Chunfa, Shihong Yan, Haibo Zhang, and Yongming Luo. "Chemical forms of cadmium in a calcareous soil treated with different levels of phosphorus-containing acidifying agents." Soil Research 53, no. 1 (2015): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr14210.

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Calcareous soils with high background cadmium (Cd) levels are widely distributed in south-west China and soil acidity is a major environmental problem. However, little effort has been made to study the changes in chemical speciation as affected by soil acidification other than by acidic rain. In the present study, we investigated the impact of mono-ammonium phosphate (MAP) and phosphoric acid on soil pH and chemical transformation of Cd in calcareous soils. Calcareous soils collected from south-west China were treated with three concentrations (0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mol kg–1 soil) of MAP and phosphoric acid, and without the addition of acidifying agent, before being incubated at 25 ± 2°C near field capacity moisture content for 60 days. The chemical forms of Cd in the soils were determined by the Tessier sequential extraction scheme. The concentration of Cd in the form bound to iron and manganese oxides (CdFeOx+MnOy) decreased significantly with increasing levels of the two acidifying agents, but the concentration of exchangeable Cd (CdEx) exhibited a significant increase, indicating that the two acidifying agents can effectively promote the transformation of CdFeOx+MnOy to CdEx. MAP may promote the same amount of CdFeOx+MnOy to CdEx as phosphoric acid at the same rate of addition, but the soil pH clearly differed, implying that an increase in water-soluble P with addition of acidifying agent may be one major factor affecting the chemical transformation of Cd. MAP and phosphoric acid should be used carefully as sources of water-soluble phosphorus for calcareous soils with high background concentrations of Cd.

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Keong, K. G., W. Sha, and S. Malinov. "Crystallisation kinetics and phase transformation behaviour of electroless nickel–phosphorus deposits with high phosphorus content." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 334, no. 1-2 (2002): 192–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388(01)01798-4.

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Wang, Hongqiang, and Lieyu Zhang. "Effect of phosphorus on nitrogen migration and transformation in deep subsurface wastewater infiltration systems." Water Science and Technology 76, no. 11 (2017): 3086–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2017.483.

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Abstract This paper investigates the effect of phosphorus on nitrogen migration and transformation during the sewage purification processes in deep subsurface wastewater infiltration systems. Good performance was achieved with a hydraulic loading rate of 0.1 m3/m2·d, indicating that the effluent water quality could meet the primary grade A values as put forth by the ‘Cities Sewage Treatment Plant Pollutant Discharge Standard’ (GB18918-2002). In addition, the results of three inflow total phosphorus (TP) concentrations (5 mg L−1, 15 mg L−1, and 30 mg L−1) indicated that high-levels of phosphorus were more advantageous in regards to improving the activity of denitrifying bacteria in soil and strengthening the effect of nitrogen removal, suggesting that the effluent total nitrogen (TN) concentration could meet the primary grade A standard (TN ≤ 15 mg L−1). It was further observed that soil depth was less crucial when inflow TP concentrations were higher. Therefore, the results indicated that inflow phosphorus concentrations could greatly influence nitrogen migration and transformation in deep subsurface wastewater infiltration systems.

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Cui, Hongbiao, Xiong Yang, Lei Xu, et al. "Effects of goethite on the fractions of Cu, Cd, Pb, P and soil enzyme activity with hydroxyapatite in heavy metal-contaminated soil." RSC Adv. 7, no. 72 (2017): 45869–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra08786a.

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Guan, Xuewei, Jinlin Chen, Guangming Liu, and Xiuping Wang. "Soil Phosphorus Forms in Saline Soil after the Application of Biomass Materials." Agronomy 14, no. 2 (2024): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14020255.

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Although the application of biological materials has shown potential in improving the environment of salinized soil, the impact on the transformation of soil phosphorus forms in salinized soil, especially when combined with B. mucilaginosus (BM), has rarely been studied. Therefore, this study investigated soil’s properties and phosphorus forms, as well as their relationship, in salinized soil after the application of different biological materials, including rice straw (RS), biochar (B), acidified biochar (AB), BM, RS+BM, B+BM, and AB+BM. A sequential extraction procedure was employed to determine the soil organic/inorganic phosphorus forms (Po/Pi). In our study, the contents of the soil’s resin-P, NaHCO3-Pi, NaOH-Pi, and HCl-P increased by 50–341.66%, 4.08–184.63%, 37.45–163.45%, and 10.19–38.29%, respectively, with the application of the biological materials compared to with conventional fertilization (CK1). However, the contents of the soil’s NaHCO3-Po, NaOH-Po, and residual-P significantly decreased in comparison to with CK1, particularly in the soils that received a combined application with biological materials and BM. Furthermore, the results from the statistical analysis revealed that the application of biological materials could increase the level of soil stable phosphorus, facilitate the transformation from soil stable phosphorus and soil unstable Po to soil unstable Pi, and enhance the effectiveness of soil phosphorus, especially when combined with BM, particularly in soil with AB+BM.

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Deng, Yaxin, Tao Zhang, James Clark, et al. "Mechanisms and modelling of phosphorus solid–liquid transformation during the hydrothermal processing of swine manure." Green Chemistry 22, no. 17 (2020): 5628–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0gc01281e.

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