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Academic literature on the topic 'Photoblanchiment'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Photoblanchiment"
Duan, Chenxi. "Etude structurale des mécanismes de photoblanchiment des protéines fluorescentes photocommutables." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENV034/document.
Full textThe discovery of phototransformable FPs (PTFPs) from Anthozoa species, thanks totheir photophysical properties, has opened a large field in biological fluorescence imaging.One of the PTFPs’ sub-groups consists of Reversible Photoswitchable Fluorescent Proteins(RSFPs), which can be reversibly switched between nonfluorescent and fluorescent states.Photobleaching is the permanent loss of the fluorescence-emitting capacity under excitation,which is a common phenomenon among all the fluorescent molecules. Photobleaching has alarge impact on the microscopy image quality, notably on super-resolution imaging.Photoswitchable fluorescent proteins have a tendency to lose performance within everyswitching cycle, a process referred to as “photofatigue”. Our interest of study is focused onthe photobleaching mechanisms of RSFPs.We have reported the crystallographic structure of photobleached IrisFP under highand low illumination intensity at room temperature as well as its spectroscopic modifications.We found that different illumination intensities can result in different photobleachingpathways. Under low illumination intensity, an oxygen-dependent photobleaching pathwaywas evidenced. Structural modifications induced by singlet-oxygen production within thechromophore pocket revealed the oxidation of two sulfur-containing residues, Met159 andCys171, locking the chromophore in a nonfluorescent protonated state. Under highillumination intensity, a completely different, oxygen-independent photobleaching pathwaywas found. The conserved Glu212 underwent decarboxylation concomitantly with anextensive rearrangement of the H-bond network around the chromophore, and an sp2-to-sp3hybridization change of the carbon atom bridging the chromophore cyclic moieties wasobserved. As Met159 is the key residue involved in low-intensity illumination photobleaching,we have then mutated Met159 into Alanine in order to avoid sulfoxidation. We found that theIrisFP-M159A mutant display an enhanced photostability in solution, in PVA gel and inE.coli cells
Zeghari, Nadia. "Caractérisation et étude des conséquences biologiques du photoblanchiment de l'hématoporphyrine dérivée utilisée en thérapie photodynamique." Nancy 1, 1995. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1995_0467_ZEGHARI.pdf.
Full textZeghari, Nadia. "Caractérisation et étude des conséquences biologiques du photoblanchiment de l'hématoporphyrine dérivée utilisée en thérapie photodynamique." Université de Nancy I. UFR Sciences pharmaceutiques et biologiques, 1995. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1995_0467_ZEGHARI.pdf.
Full textRabut, Gwénaël. "Dynamique de l'organisation des pores nucléaires." Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066278.
Full textLassalle, Henri-Pierre. "Etude des mécanismes du photoblanchiment de la 5,10,15,20-tetrakis (m-hydroxyphenyl) bactériochlorine, en solution, in vitro et in vivo." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00378394.
Full textUne dosimétrie correcte est nécessaire pour assurer le traitement complet et des résultats reproductibles. Un élément clé de la dosimétrie à prendre en compte est le photoblanchiment, étant donné qu'il diminue la concentration du photosensibilisant au cours du traitement. Il est donc indispensable d'appréhender les mécanismes du photoblanchiment pour maîtriser au mieux le traitement.
Le rendement quantique de photoblanchiment de la m-THPBC en solution avec des protéines est de 5.7 x 10-4, les formes agrégées de photosensibilisants photoblanchissent plus lentement que les formes monomérisées. La m-THPBC se transforme sous l'effet de la lumière en m-THPC, ce rendement de phototransformation est influencé par l'état d'agrégation de la molécule. D'autres photoproduits tels que la m-THPBC di-hydroxylée et la m-THPC dihydroxylée ainsi que des dérivés dipyrines ont été observés. L'espèce responsable du photoblanchiment a été identifiée comme étant l'oxygène singulet. In vitro, la LD50 de la m-THPBC est 0.7 J cm-2. Le photoblanchiment est 3 à 5 fois plus sensible que celui de la m-THPC. L'étude de la localisation intra-cellulaire des photosensibilisants a montré une différence, la m-THPC s'accumulant dans le réticulum endoplasmique alors que la m-THPBC se localise dans les mitochondries. In vivo, la m-THPBC possède un photoblanchiment 4 à 10 fois plus élevé que la m-THPC, ainsi qu'une bonne accumulation tumorale. Ces résultats in vitro et in vivo sont particulièrement intéressants en terme de ratio thérapeutique, de sélectivité du traitement et de photosensibilité cutanée.
Pouvelle, Bruno. "Etude du mouvement des vesicules du systeme endocytique dans des fibroblastes de souris, clone 1d, vivants, par recouvrement de fluorescence apres photoblanchiment." Orléans, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ORLE2039.
Full textAdam, Virgile. "Etudes mécanistiques des protéines fluorescentes photoactivables : une approche combinée par cristallographie et spectroscopie." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00449332.
Full textLiu, Zengzhen. "Focal adhesions mechanosensitivity of human mesenchymal stem cells : a fluorescence spectroscopy-based approach of focal adhesion proteins dynamics and interactions in living cells." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA077258.
Full textTissue rigidity or stiffness affects many biological processes in embryonic development and aduit physiology and are involved in numerous diseases. Rigidity sensing by cells and how cells respond to it, are thus crucial aspects in biology and medicine. Mesenchymal stem cells present unique properties as their fate is regulated by the stiffness of extra cellular matrix (ECM). Focal adhesions (FAs) are the mechanosensitive elements that connect the cell to its mechanical environment. Because insight emerges that the dynamic processes intrinsic to the FAs and cytoskeleton would be decisive in the transduction of mechanical stimuli into biochemical signais, we address the relationship between the diffusion and binding properties of FAs proteins and rigidity sensing in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC). We cultured primary hMSC derived from bone marrow, on collagen-coated polyacrylamide gels of defined and controlled stiffness. Nascent adhesions and/or adhesions at the leading edge assemble and disassemble or mature into bigger FAs to sustain higher contractile forces which take place at higher ECM rigidity. To determine whether the turnover and growth of FAs in hMSC depends on the stiffness of the ECM, and to decipher the role of the dynamics and interactions of signaling scaffolding proteins in these processes, we monitored the diffusion and binding properties of FAK, paxillin, talin and vinculin within hMCS cells. Our studies based on different fluorescence microscopy approaches as FRAP (Fluorescence Recovery after Photobleaching), F(C)CS (Fluorescence (Cross) Correlation Spectroscopy) and FRET (Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer) by FLIM (Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy), ail together revealed that that the residence time of these proteins within FA structures increases along with the substrate rigidity. This property is correlated with the dynamics and instability of the FA complex membership itself, as well as with the dynamical cell behavior, properties that are therefore regulated by the substrate rigidity. In addition, our data show the existence of intracellular multitiered molecular clutch at the FA scaffold, including several rigidity-dependent molecular bindings with different kinetics (meaning likely molecular linkage with different strength). Especially, we showed that monomers of talin and vinculin bind to the scaffold with several rigidity-dependent dissociation rates and interact between each other only when immobilized. The proportion of immobilized talin-vinculin interacting species (for wild type vinculin as well as constitutively active mutant) was weakly dependent on the ECM rigidity, emphasizing the role of proteins dynamics instead of proportion of immobilization in rigidity sensing mechanism. Interestingly, the stabilization of talin at the FA site by a constitutively active vinculin mutant is much stronger at weak rigidity than at high rigidity of ECM, revealing a high potency of signaling regulation at weak rigidity in this type of cells. Specifically, our study focused on the dynamics and organization of FAs, seen as mechanical sensors of ECM rigidity and thus likely suited to support the initial steps of rigidity-dependant hMSC differentiation processes
Poitevin, Eric. "Etude de la permeabilite par microfluorimetrie et de la diffusion par retour de fluorescence apres photoblanchiment de macromolecules fluorescentes dans les gels de chromatographie." Orléans, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ORLE2046.
Full textPoitevin, Éric. "Etude de la perméabilité par microfluorimétrie et de la diffusion par retour de fluorescence après photoblanchiment de macromolécules fluorescentes dans des gels de chromatographie." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37608929h.
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