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1
Arsita, Adya. "JUKSTAPOSISI FOTOGRAFI DI NOVEL GRAFIS ‘THE PHOTOGRAPHER’." spectā: Journal of Photography, Arts, and Media 2, no. 2 (April 24, 2019): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.24821/specta.v2i2.2554.
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AbstrakPenelitian ini hendak mengkaji fungsi-fungsi dokumenter dalam karya fotografi yang divisualisasikan berdampingan dengan gambar-gambar komik dalam sebuah novel grafis berjudul ‘The Photographer: Into War-Torn Afghanistan with Doctors without Borders’. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mencari tahu apakah nilai dokumenter karya foto bisa tetap diapresiasi layaknya foto dokumenter ataukah ada peralihan fungsi ketika dua jenis piktorial disandingkan bersamaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk menganalisis adalah metode kualitatif yang menganggap bahwa setiap petunjuk adalah penting untuk dianalisis. Kemudian potongan-potongan informasi yang didapat dikaji dengan pendekatan fotografi dokumenter. Diharapkan hasil penelitian ini dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam ranah ilmu kajian fotografi sekaligus kajian komik (comic studies). Dalam ranah fotografi, fotografi dokumenter akan makin ‘berbicara’ dan memaksimalkan fungsinya ketika terbantu dengan teks piktorial lain. Untuk ranah kajian komik, hadirnya citraan fotografi justru akan memperjelas pesan yang hendak disampaikan kepada khalayak melalui gambar-gambarnya. Kata kunci: jukstaposisi, fotografi, novel grafis, dokumenter AbstractJuxtaposition of Photography in a Graphic Novel Titled ‘The Photographer’. This research studied the documentary function in photography works visualized side to side with the comic drawings in a graphic novel titled ‘The Photographer:Into War-Torn Afghanistan with Doctors without Borders’. The aim of this research was to find out whether the documentary photographs are still appreciated as they are, or there are any changes of function when those two pictorials are juxtaposed. The method employed in this research was qualitative method which considered that each clue was important to be analyzed. Then, each of them would be studied using approaches from the view point of documentary photography. The result of this research hopefully could give a contribution to the photography studies and comic studies. Photographs will ‘speak louder’ and will have their greatest value when supported by other kind of pictorials. While in comic studies, the photographs will be able to send messages better through their drawings when juxtaposed with photographs. Keywords: juxtaposition, photography, graphic novel, documentary
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Kim, Seungho, Hyunggon Park, Hope A. Gruszewski, David G. Schmale, and Sunghwan Jung. "Vortex-induced dispersal of a plant pathogen by raindrop impact." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 11 (February 25, 2019): 4917–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1820318116.
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Raindrop impact on infected plants can disperse micron-sized propagules of plant pathogens (e.g., spores of fungi). Little is known about the mechanism of how plant pathogens are liberated and transported due to raindrop impact. We used high-speed photography to observe thousands of dry-dispersed spores of the rust fungus Puccinia triticina being liberated from infected wheat plants following the impact of a single raindrop. We revealed that an air vortex ring was formed during the raindrop impact and carried the dry-dispersed spores away from the surface of the host plant. The maximum height and travel distance of the airborne spores increased with the aid of the air vortex. This unique mechanism of vortex-induced dispersal dynamics was characterized to predict trajectories of spores. Finally, we found that the spores transported by the air vortex can reach beyond the laminar boundary layer of leaves, which would enable the long-distance transport of plant pathogens through the atmosphere.
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Brang, Peter. "Early seedling establishment of Picea abies in small forest gaps in the Swiss Alps." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 28, no. 4 (April 1, 1998): 626–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x98-035.
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Early seedling establishment of Picea abies (L.) Karst. in small forest gaps was studied in drier, subalpine P. abies ecosystems in the Swiss Alps. Study sites were on steep south and north slopes. Average gap size was 15 m x 20 m on the south slope and 15 m x 70 m on the north slope. Sowing trials established on different microsites were observed for 2 or 3 years. Direct sunlight was assessed with hemispherical photography. Emergence was better on the north slope than on the south slope. On the south slope, emergence was higher on the mineral soil than on the organic layer and was negatively associated with direct sunlight, especially during the noon period. On both slopes, drought due to rainfall interception at the gap edge negatively affected emergence. The limiting factor for survival and growth on the south slope was drought (on the organic layer), whereas on the north slope lack of direct radiation and pathogenic fungi developing in the snowpack were limiting. The early regeneration niche on the south slope was narrower than on the north slope.
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Nunes, Margarida, Cátia Relvas, Francisca Figueira, Joana Campelo, António Candeias, Ana T. Caldeira, and Teresa Ferreira. "Analytical and Microbiological Characterization of Paper Samples Exhibiting Foxing Stains." Microscopy and Microanalysis 21, no. 1 (February 2015): 63–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s143192761500001x.
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AbstractThis work comprises the use of a multi-analytical approach combined with microbiological studies to characterize six paper samples, containing foxing stains, from the 20th century, regarding their cellulose matrix, fillers, and sizing materials, and to evaluate possible paper degradation that might have occurred during the foxing stains. Photography under different illuminations and optical microscopy were used for morphological characterization of the paper samples and foxing stains. Scanning electron microscopy coupled energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) was of particular importance for defining the presence of fiber disorder and disruption on the surface of some of the stains, and localized accumulations of mineral-like particles on the surface of others. SEM-EDS, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FT-IR), and energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) were used for the identification of mineral fillers, whereas sizing agents were analyzed using ATR-FT-IR. EDXRF results showed that no differences, within the standard deviation, were found in iron and copper contents between the foxed and unfoxed areas. Fungi belonging to the genus Penicillium spp. were found in all the paper samples. Unfoxed areas presented lower contamination than the foxed areas.
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Yuliana, Tri Mukti, Arti Wulandari, and Syaifudin Syaifudin. "PAKU SEBAGAI REPRESENTASI DIRI DALAM FOTOGRAFI EKSPRESI." spectā: Journal of Photography, Arts, and Media 2, no. 2 (April 24, 2019): 145–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24821/specta.v2i2.2555.
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AbstrakSebuah foto selain berfungsi untuk merekam realitas objektif juga dapat memberikan ruang berekspresi secara personal bagi fotografernya. Karya fotografi yang diciptakan di sini mengangkat persoalan diri dan direpresentasikan melalui objek paku bersama objek-objek lain yang mendukung narasi tentang diri. Eksistensi diri tentunya tidak lepas dengan lingkungan yang ditinggali. Manusia lahir dalam sebuah keluarga dan kemudian bertemu dan berinteraksi dengan berbagai macam lingkungan sosial. Narasi tentang diri dihadirkan secara tersirat dan mengangkat persoalan seperti fenomena lingkungan yang mempengaruhi terbentuknya diri. Visualisasi penciptaan karya fotografi ini menggunakan teknik penggabungan foto untuk menghasilkan karya sesuai dengan narasi yang dibangun. Selain itu, untuk memvisualisasikan representasi diri melalui objek paku, objek paku juga akan dieksplorasi dan diinteraksikan dengan objek-objek pendukung. Objek-objek tersebut belum tentu memiliki hubungan fungsi dalam dunia nyata. Narasi yang akan dibangun melalui objek paku ini ialah dengan mencari kode serta makna-makna simbolis objek sehingga hasil visual dalam foto menjadi beragam dan menarik.Kata kunci: paku, representasi diri, fotografi ekspresi, simbol AbstractNail as Self Representation in Fine Art Photography. A photograph, aside of capturing reality, it can be used as a space to express photographer's feeling and his personal perspective about the world. Photographs created here were about self matters represented through nail alongside with another objects as the story of self. Self existence is always related with the place of someone’s lives. People are born in a family and interact with many social environments. These matters of self talks about social phenomenon that affect personal self development. The narations which already gathered were presented implicitly in the photos. These photographs' creation were visualized by combining several photos into one, creating surreal image. Besides, visualizing the idea was applied by exploring and interacting the nail with another objects which were considered relevant with the concept. These object sometimes had no functional relation in reality. The concept of narration here was built up from symbolic meaning of the objects so the visualization of the photographs could be various and became more interesting.Keywords: nail, representation of self, fine art photography, symbol
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Svetasheva, T. Yu. "Monitoring of protected fungi species by methods of modern information technologies." Environmental Dynamics and Global Climate Change 13, no. 3 (January 13, 2023): 170–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.18822/edgcc121833.
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INTRODUCTION
The emergence of smart Internet resources and the improvement of electronic mobile devices have proved to be very useful for performing various scientific applied tasks, for example, for documenting biological observations in nature.The most significant are open access online platforms that accumulate information about biodiversity and provide it to everyone, for example: Global Biodiversity Information Facility, The Biodiversity Heritage Library, the multifunctional network storage of biological material National Depository Bank of Live Systems"Noah's Ark" etc. Of particular interest are resources that combine, on the one hand, a platform for collecting scientific data on biodiversity, and, on the other hand, a means of communication between people who collect and analyze this data, including projects that are often presented as "citizen science", for example: Mushroom Observer [Wilson, Hollinger et al. 2006-present], iNaturalist [iNaturalist, 2022]. The most popular resource among nature lovers is iNaturalist [iNaturalist, 2022], which is based on the concept of mapping and sharing observations of biodiversity around the world.At the moment, iNaturalist cannot be considered as a good mobile tool for identifying fungi in the field as well as a reliable way to determination based on photographs with the help of experts, since in most cases many different characters (including microstructures) are needed for accurate identification, and photographs of fruit bodies are clearly insufficient.Nevertheless, the program can be successfully used for the certain tasks in the study of fungi[Filippova et al., 2022; Sheehan, 2021].
WHAT FUNGI RESEARCH TASKS CAN BE PERFORMED WITH THE INATURALIST PLATFORM?
Photodocumentation and mapping of finds. In general, it is suitable for any find of fungal species. However, the implementation of this task is most appropriate in the case of working with rare and well-recognized species from photographs.
Accumulation of observations of a designated group of species in any designated area, using filters or organizing special project inside iNaturalist, for example Funga of Tula Oblast [Funga, 2021], FunDiS West Coast Rare Fungi Challenge [FunDis, 2021].
Revealing of new species localities through the activities of amateur naturalists, as well as by involving students, schoolchildren and their parents in posting data and discussing findings.
Organizing the specimen collection based on the obtained coordinates of the finds.Thanks to the data on new locations, it is easy to organize special expeditions with students or schoolchildren to "hot spots", or to involve amateurs to collection of specimens.
Use as a database of finds, excursion routes, geobotanical descriptions of sample plots, as well as a kind of repository of "voucher" photographs
Monitoring the appearance of fruiting bodies (phenology) of species confidently identified from photographs
HOW CAN INATURALIST BE USED FOR MONITORING OF SPECIES INCLUDED IN THE RED DATA BOOK? WHAT INDICATORS CAN BE ASSESSED?
Number of photographic observations of rare species.
Total number of observed rare species.
The level of "observability-recognition" of various species in the field and at the photographs (and the possibility of monitoring).
Spatial distribution of populations in the region.
Abundance of fruiting bodies.
Phenology of fruiting.
The ecology of the finds and the state of habitats (the latter can be assessed indirectly, by the remoteness and surroundings of collection points; for example, if the point is located deep in a hard-to-reach forest area, then there is a high probability that the population of the species will be preserved good [Aurantiporus, 2022].
Number of observers, including permanent and enthusiastic ones, who can be involved in the registration of finds of protected species.
For an example of how this works, here are the results of monitoring protected species in the Tula Oblast using iNaturalist during vegetation season in 2021: 1) about 130 photographic observations of protected mushroom species were received; 2) the total number of observed species listed in the Red Data Book of the Tula Oblast [2010] is 31. Information about most of them was included in the GBIF; 3) new locations were found for 18 protected species; 4) new information about the habitats of rare species has been obtained; 5) rare species not previously recorded in the region were foundthey are candidates for the next edition of the Red Data Book (for example, Lycoperdonmammiforme Pers. [Lycoperdon, 2022], Holwayamucida (Schulzer) Korf Abawi [Holwaya, 2022]; 6) 26 observers recorded findings of rare mushroom species.Special project Red Data Book Fungi of Tula Oblast was organized based on iNaturalist-platform.
CONCLUSION
The use of the iNaturalist intellectual online platform as a modern tool for studying the fungal biodiversity shows that it can help to solve a number of important tasks in the accumulation of photographic, cartographic, phenological and ecological data, as well as to attract a wide range of amateurs to learn and investigate fungi. Based on the first experience, it can be certainty said that the most significant and reliable data obtained due to monitoring of rare and protected fungal species, carried out as a part of project Red Data Book - Fungi of the Tula Oblast [2021], organized on the iNaturalist platform. During one season in 2021 preceded the release of the second edition of the Red Data Book of the Tula Oblast: lichens and fungi [2021], more than 130 photographic observations of 31 protected species of fungi were obtained, new locations were discovered for 18 species, some rare species were revealed as new for the region, new information about ecology and phenology was obtained. All data were considered in the released second edition of the Red Data Book. The results of the work continued in 2022 and also planned for the future will be taken into account in the next third edition of the book.
To achieve better results, it is necessary to organize a systematic approach to monitoring in iNaturalist, providing the active involvement of amateurs and biologists in photo documentation and identification of fungi finds, as well as the development of special methods for obtaining the most informative photo observations. All this, together with traditional methods of biodiversity research, will contribute to displaying an adequate picture of the distribution and occurrence of rare fungal species in the region.
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Ermawati, Pitri. "ORIENTASI FOTOGRAFI PENGUNJUNG ANJUNGAN WISATA DI KAWASAN MANGUNAN: KAJIAN FUNGSI FOTO POTRET DI MEDIA SOSIAL INSTAGRAM." spectā: Journal of Photography, Arts, and Media 2, no. 2 (April 24, 2019): 105–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24821/specta.v2i2.2551.
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Abstrak Penelitian ini bermaksud menjelaskan orientasi fotografi pengunjung yang berfoto di anjungan wisata kawasan Mangunan dengan objek penelitian berupa foto potret di media sosial Instagram. Menerapkan metode penelitian deskriptif-kualitatif, analisis kritis dilakukan dalam pembacaan foto-foto potret menggunakan telaah fungsi foto potret Soeprapto Soedjono, serta telaah aspek teknis-fisik fotografi potret yang dikemukakan oleh Famous Photographers School. Mengambil sampel berupa lima foto dari lima akun Instagram yang berlatar di lima anjungan wisata di kawasan Mangunan, hasil penelitian menunjukkan tiga fungsi foto potret yang diunggah oleh para pengunjung yang merupakan subjek foto sekaligus pemilik akun Instagram; yaitu fungsi personal, sosial, dan komersial. Dalam upaya mewujudkan foto potret yang sesuai dengan fungsi-fungsi tersebut, pengunjung tampak memperhitungkan aspek teknis-fisik fotografi potret berupa pencahayaan, pose, dan background. Adapun poperti, kurang mendapatkan perhatian dikarenakan tidak semua anjungan menyediakannya. Kata kunci: fotografi, anjungan, foto potret, Instagram AbstractVisitors’ Photography Orientation of Scenery Stages in Mangunan Tourism Area: Study of The Functions of Portrait Photos in Social Media Instagram. This research explains the photography orientation of visitors who taking photograph of theirselves (portrait) on the scenary stages (selfie spots) in Mangunan tourism area, by studying their portraits in social media Instagram. This research allows the descriptive-qualitative method. It uses the study of the portrait functions explained by Soeprapto Soedjono to read and to analise the portrait photos. It also studies the physical-technical aspect in portrait photography explained by Famous Photographers School applied by the visitors. There are five portrait photo samples from five Instagram accounts which setting are on scenery stages in Mangunan tourism area. This research conclusion shows three functions of the portrait photos uploaded by the visitors, either as the Instagram account owners and the subjects (sitters) of those photos: personal function, social function, and commercial function. In order to make her/ his portrait matches on the function desired, visitor seems to care about physical-technical aspects on portrait photography: lighting, pose, and background. Another element is property, which is the most ignorable element due to it’s rare availability on the spot. Keywords: photography, scenary stage, portrait photo, Instagram
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Ljaljevic-Grbic, Milica, M. Stupar, Jelena Vukojevic, Ivana Maricic, and Natasa Bungur. "Molds in museum environments: Biodeterioration of art photographs and wooden sculptures." Archives of Biological Sciences 65, no. 3 (2013): 955–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs1303955g.
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Pieces of art stored in museum depots and display rooms are subject to fungal colonization that leads to bio-deterioration processes. Deteriorated wooden sculptures and art photographs temporarily stored in the quarantine room of the Cultural Center of Belgrade were subject to mycological analyses. Twelve fungal species were identified on the wooden substratum and five species were detected on photograph surfaces. Trichoderma viride, Chaetomium globosum and Alternaria sp. were the fungi with proven cellulolytic activity detected on the examined cellulose substrata. Indoor air mycobiota were estimated to 210.09 ? 8.06 CFU m-3, and the conidia of fungus Aspergillus niger were the dominant fungal propagules in the air of the examined room.
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Wulandari, Arti, and Zulisih Maryani. "FOTOGRAFI POTRET WANITA PENAMBANG PASIR DFOTOGRAFI POTRET WANITA PENAMBANG PASIR DI LERENG SELATAN GUNUNG MERAPI, DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA." REKAM: Jurnal Fotografi, Televisi, dan Animasi 13, no. 1 (September 14, 2017): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24821/rekam.v13i1.1578.
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Ketegaran dan kesabaran yang luar biasa, sebagai sesama wanita, dari para wanita penambang pasir di Lereng Selatan Gunung Merapi, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta menjadi inspirasi bagi penulis untuk diungkapkan dalam karya fotografi dengan bentuk potret hitam putih karena potret bisa mewakili keadaan sebenarnya dari objek. Penciptaan ini bertujuan mengungkapkan kehidupan wanita penambang pasir di Lereng Selatan Gunung Merapi, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dalam fotografi potret hitam putih dikaitkan dengan aspek teknis kreatif dan fungsi nilai sosialnya.Proses perwujudan mencakup tahap-tahap penciptaan dan media yang digunakan untuk mewujudkan karya seni fotografi potret yang tentunya membutuhkan bahan, alat, dan teknik. Prosedur pelaksanaan meliputi persiapan, pemotretan, proses editing, penentuan lay out, dan pencetakan hasil akhir. Karya penciptaan ini menampilkan karya-karya yang merupakan serangkaian fotografi potret wanita penambang pasir di Lereng Selatan Gunung Merapi, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Melalui foto-foto yang ditampilkan diharapkan dapat memberikan sudut pandang bagi masyarakat dalam mengapresiasi sosok wanita penambang pasir, melalui ketegaran dan kesabarannya yang luar biasa. Keunggulan karya ini adalah menampilkan foto potret wanita penambang pasir dengan hitam putih sehingga tampak lebih dramatis. Obstinacy and remarkable patience, as a fellow woman, from the women sand miners in South Slope of Mount Merapi, Yogyakarta became the inspiration for the author to be expressed in the form of photographic works with black and white portrait because a portrait can represent the actual state of the object. The aim of this creation reveals a woman's life sand miners in South Slope of Mount Merapi, Yogyakarta in black and white portrait photography associated with the creative and technical aspects of the function of social value. The embodiment process includes the stages of creation and media that are used to create works of art portrait photography that will require materials, equipment, and techniques. Implementation procedures covering the preparation, shooting, editing, determination lay out, and print the final results. This creative work featuring the works is a series of photographic portraits of women sand miners in South Slope of Mount Merapi, Yogyakarta. Through the photographs displayed are expected to provide viewpoints for society to appreciate the female figure sand miners, through fortitude and patience were outstanding. The advantages of this work is to show a portrait photo woman sand miners with black and white so that it looks more dramatic.
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van Blokland, Joran, Stergios Adamopoulos, and Sheikh Ali Ahmed. "Performance of Thermally Modified Spruce Timber in Outdoor Above-Ground Conditions: Checking, Dynamic Stiffness and Static Bending Properties." Applied Sciences 10, no. 11 (June 8, 2020): 3975. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10113975.
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Previous studies have shown that thermally modified wood (TMW) performs well in outdoor, above-ground conditions in terms of resistance to wood-decaying fungi. Yet, little is known about the development of defects such as checks and the corresponding mechanical properties of TMW in this condition. This experiment focused on the effect of 30 months outdoor above-ground exposure (weathering) on the degree of checking, dynamic stiffness and static bending properties of thermally modified timber (TMT) of Norway spruce. Two board pairs per log were cut from 190 logs; one board of each pair was thermally modified and the other used as control. Then, 90 board pairs were exposed to the weather in south Sweden. Surface checking and axial stiffness were monitored at six-month intervals by using digital photography and non-destructive tests (time-of-flight and resonance method) to monitor changes in the material upon weathering. Finally, all boards were tested destructively in a 4-point static bending test following EN 408 standard. Results showed that weathering had no significance influence on static bending properties of TMT even though the degree of checking was considerably higher in TMT than unmodified timber after weathering. In particular, checks along growth rings were deeper, longer and more common in TMT after weathering, especially on the pith side of boards. The maximum depth of these checks did not depend on board orientation (i.e., which side was exposed) and exceeded limits given in strength grading standards for 7% of the modified boards included. Axial dynamic stiffness determined at 6-month intervals was less influenced by fluctuations in moisture content for TMT compared to unmodified timber, but did not confirm the increase in the degree of checking of TMT. The presence of checks from weathering did influence failure modes in TMT; horizontal shear failure became more frequent and some boards failed in compression.
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Harold W. Keller. "The Lives of Fungi: A Natural History of our Planet’s Decomposers." Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 16, no. 1 (July 15, 2022): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17348/jbrit.v16.i1.1240.
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Britt A. Bunyard. 2022. The Lives of Fungi: A Natural History of our Planet’s Decomposers. (ISBN-13: 978-0-691-22984-3, hbk). Princeton University Press, 41William Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, U.S.A. (Orders: press.Princeton.edu). $29.95 US, 288 pp., 187 color photographs, 42 b/w photographs, 36 illustrations, references, index, 7½" × 9½".
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Bukit, Dewi Sartika. "Mencitrakan Sang Kandidat: Si “Tukang Foto” Iklan Politik." REKAM: Jurnal Fotografi, Televisi, dan Animasi 12, no. 1 (November 21, 2016): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.24821/rekam.v12i1.1381.
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Abstrak Perkembangan fotografi komersial di Indonesia akhir-akhir ini telah memasuki ranah politik, terutama sejak diberlakukannya sistem demokrasi langsung. Masyarakat menentukan pilihan mereka melalui pendekatan para kandidat dan calon, baik berupa kampanye maupun melalui iklan-iklan politik yang hadir di media massa, maupun berupa cetak billboard dan selebaran. Dalam iklan-iklan politik, terutama ikan luar ruang, kandidat yang dianalogikan sebagai produk, dipotret dan dikemas dalam sebuah desain iklan yang membawa pesan-pesan penting berupa pencitaan dan direduksi dalam sebuah gambar. Dengan demikian, fungsi fotografer iklan baik secara teknis maupun ide memberi pengaruh yang besar terhadap pencitraan kandidat, yang secara tidak langsung berpengaruh terhadap jalannya negara selanjutnya setelah kandidat tersebut melaju ke urusan birokrasi negara. Di samping itu, permasalahan ekonomi yang berbanding lurus dengan pencitraan kandidat dalam iklan-iklan politik, ternyata menyimpan kemelut yang kompleks. AbstractImaging the Candidate : the “Photographer” of Politic Ads. Lately, the development of commercial photography in Indonesia has entered the realm of politics, especially since the system of direct democracy has been enacted. Communities determine their choice through the candidates and prospective nominees, either through campaigns or political advertisements presented in mass media, as well as on billboards and flyers printed form. In political ads, especially the outdoor ads, the candidate analogized as product, were photographed and packaged in advertisement design carrying important messages in the form of imagery and reduced in an image. Thus, the function of advertising photographers, both technically and in ideas, giving major influences on imaging the candidate, which indirectly affect the course of the country once the candidate proceeds to the affairs of the state bureaucracy. In addition, the economic problems which unfortunately are in direct proportion to the imaging candidate in the politics ads, turn out keeping a complex crisis.
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Raharjo, Makmum. "FOTOGRAFI SENI SEBAGAI EKSPRESI BUDAYA: SEBUAH TINJAUAN SENI FOTOGRAFI PERTUNJUKAN." Jurnal Dimensi Seni Rupa dan Desain 3, no. 2 (February 1, 2006): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/dim.v3i2.1249.
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AbstractIn its early time, photography has a function as a supporting tool for painting with its prototype called 'camera obscura' which keeps on developing together with the emergence of new discoveries on the lense, camera, and light-sensitive chemical evolved from the glass plate into film and photo papers. Now, photography is not simply functioning as a medium to perpetuate a moment but internally as a medium to record objects.AbstrakFotografi pada awal sejarah ditemukan, memiliki fungsi sebagai alat bantu melukis, dengan prototipnya yang disebut sebagai 'camera obscura' yang kemudian terus berkembang seiring dengan bermunculnya penemuan baru tentang lensa, kamera, bahan kimia peka cahaya yang berkembang dari plat kaca menjadi film dan kertas foto. Kini fotografi tidak hanya memilliki fungsi sebagai media untuk mengabadian sebuah peristiwa, tetapi lebih kedalam fungsi sebagai sebuah media perekam objek.
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Zhang, Huang, De Qun Zhou, and Miao Wang. "Canalisporium in Freshwater Habitats." Advanced Materials Research 889-890 (February 2014): 1593–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.889-890.1593.
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During investigations of freshwater fungi in Thailand, we collected four Canalisporium spp. in lotic freshwater habitat. The description and morphological photographs of new collections are illustrated. Key to freshwater species of Canalisporium are provided.
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Bhise, Mahendra Ramesh, C. R. PATIL, and C. B. SALUNKHE. "Two new species of asterinaceous fungi from Mahabaleshwar, Maharashtra, India." Phytotaxa 184, no. 5 (November 12, 2014): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.184.5.4.
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The black mildews from Mahabaleshwar are under exploration, among which two species of Asterinaceous fungi occurring on Syzygium spp. (Myrtaceae) are found to be new. These species, viz. Asterina myrtacearum sp. nov. and Lembosia mahabaleshwarensis sp. nov. are reported in this paper. The detail morphological description, colour photographs, line drawings and discussions are provided here for each species.
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Pongen, Ayangla S., Kuno Chuzho, N. S. K. Harsh, M. S. Khar, and Manoj Kumar. "Coltriciella dependens (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Murrill, a new addition to wood-rotting fungi of India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 10, no. 8 (July 26, 2018): 12140. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.4123.10.8.12140-12143.
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Coltriciella dependens a new record of wood rotting fungi is being reported on partially burnt bark of living Pinus kesiya from Meghalaya, India. It is the first record of the genus Coltriciella as well. Macro-microscopical features, photographs, distribution patterns and ecology are discussed.
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Lim, Marcus CC, Shu Yen Lee, Bobby CL Cheng, Doric WK Wong, Sze Guan Ong, Chong Lye Ang, and Ian YS Yeo. "Diabetic Retinopathy in Diabetics Referred to a Tertiary Centre from a Nationwide Screening Programme." Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 37, no. 9 (September 15, 2008): 753–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v37n9p753.
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Introduction: The aim of the study was to describe the prevalence and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy in a multi-ethnic diabetic patient cohort referred for retinal evaluation from a nationwide diabetic retinopathy screening programme in Singapore. Materials and Methods: Seven hundred and forty-two patients, aged 21 to 95, referred for suspected diabetic retinopathy on annual one-field non-mydriatic 45 degree retinal photographs (Topcon TRC-NW6, Topcon Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) from primary care to the Singapore National Eye Centre diabetic retinopathy clinic were included. The photographs had been interpreted by 24 trained family physicians accredited every 2 years with a training programme. Patients underwent a standardised interview and examination. Fundi were examined with indirect ophthalmoscopy by 2 examiners. Presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy was graded into none, mild, moderate, severe, very severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Macular oedema and clinically significant macular oedema were also graded. Results: Ninety-nine per cent of patients were type 2 diabetics. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was 38.1%, visionthreatening retinopathy was 11.8% and macular oedema was 6.9%. There were no racial differences. Significant predictors of any retinopathy were longer duration of diabetes, lower body mass index, being on treatment for hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia and use of diabetic medication. Predictors for vision-threatening retinopathy were younger age, longer duration of diabetes and lower body mass index. Conclusions: The use of one-field non-mydriatic 45 degree photography as a screening tool for diabetic retinopathy resulted in a cohort of which 38.1% had diabetic retinopathy. Risk factors for diabetic retinopathy of this cohort are also presented. Key words: Diabetic retinopathy, Epidemiology, Ethnology, Singapore, Screening
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Vlasenko, Anastasia, Dondov Budsuren, and Chechekmaa Nazyn. "The first records of a rare species of Reticularia olivacea (Myxomycetes) and Hypsizygus marmoreus (Fungi) in Inner Asia." BIO Web of Conferences 38 (2021): 00135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20213800135.
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A rare species of fungi, Hypsizygus marmoreus, collected in the Republic of Tyva, Russia, and a rare species of myxomycetes, Reticularia olivacea, collected in the Mongolia, were recorded for the first time in Inner Asia. The article provides a photographs of fruiting bodies of these species, distribution in world is provided.
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Trierveiler-Pereira, Larissa, Juliano M. Baltazar, R. Greg Thorn, and Adriana de Mello Gugliotta. "Novel cyphelloid fungi in Glabrocyphella, Heteroscypha, and Rectipilus from Brazil." Mycotaxon 134, no. 3 (October 2, 2019): 481–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5248/134.481.
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New records of cyphelloid fungi from Brazil are presented, based on specimens collected and identified by J. Rick and conserved at Herbarium PACA (São Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul). Glabrocyphella cyathiformis sp. nov. is characterized by small (0.1–0.5 mm diam.), pale yellow, turbinate basidiomes and ellipsoid to fusoid basidiospores (5–6 × 2–2.5 μm). Flagelloscypha malmei is recombined as Heteroscypha malmei comb. nov., and Rectipilus natalensis is reported for the first time from the Americas. Descriptions, photographs, and illustrations are presented for the three species.
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WANNATHES, NOPPARAT, RATTIKAN KAEWKETSRI, NAKARIN SUWANNARACH, JATURONG KUMLA, and SAISAMORN LUMYONG. "Phaeoclavulina pseudozippelii sp. nov. (Gomphales, Basidiomycota) from Northern Thailand." Phytotaxa 362, no. 2 (July 24, 2018): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.362.2.7.
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Coral fungi in Phu Hin Rong Kla National Park, Thailand, were surveyed from June to September of 2011 and 2012. A novel species, Phaeoclavulina pseudozippelii is described together with illustrations, photographs, and a comparison with phenetically similar taxa. Its taxonomic position was confirmed through phylogenetic analyses of the large subunit and internal transcribed spacer (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) ribosomal DNA sequences.
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Pham, Thi Ha Giang, and Olga V. Morozova. "Boletoid fungi (Boletaceae, Basidiomycota) of the Bidoup – Nui Ba National Park (Vietnam)." Turczaninowia 23, no. 4 (December 28, 2020): 88–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/turczaninowia.23.4.9.
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Data on the diversity of boletoid fungi of the Bidoup – Nui Ba National Park are presented here and analyzed. An annotated list of 13 species are published for the first time for the National Park and 8 for the first time for Vietnam (Porphyrellus nigropurpureus, Phylloporus pachycystidiatus, Ph. rubiginosus, Pulveroboletus brunneopunctatus, Strobilomyces brunneolepidotus, S. calidus, Veloporphyrellus pseudovelatus, Xerocomus subparvus). Among plant communities of the National Park the mountain evergreen coniferous-broad-leaved forests dominated by Fagaceae, Lauraceae and Magnoliaceae and with the participation of representatives of Podocarpaceae and Pinaceae are characterized by the highest diversity of boletoid fungi. The species are illustrated with color photographs. The nucleotide sequences obtained during the study were deposited in NCBI GenBank.
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Pham, Thi Ha Giang, and Olga V. Morozova. "Boletoid fungi (Boletaceae, Basidiomycota) of the Bidoup – Nui Ba National Park (Vietnam)." Turczaninowia 23, no. 4 (December 28, 2020): 88–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/turczaninowia.23.4.9.
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Data on the diversity of boletoid fungi of the Bidoup – Nui Ba National Park are presented here and analyzed. An annotated list of 13 species are published for the first time for the National Park and 8 for the first time for Vietnam (Porphyrellus nigropurpureus, Phylloporus pachycystidiatus, Ph. rubiginosus, Pulveroboletus brunneopunctatus, Strobilomyces brunneolepidotus, S. calidus, Veloporphyrellus pseudovelatus, Xerocomus subparvus). Among plant communities of the National Park the mountain evergreen coniferous-broad-leaved forests dominated by Fagaceae, Lauraceae and Magnoliaceae and with the participation of representatives of Podocarpaceae and Pinaceae are characterized by the highest diversity of boletoid fungi. The species are illustrated with color photographs. The nucleotide sequences obtained during the study were deposited in NCBI GenBank.
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LI, JIN-CHEN, HAI-XIA WU, and JIA-YU SONG. "Two new Phyllachora species in Southwest China." Phytotaxa 578, no. 3 (January 10, 2023): 275–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.578.3.5.
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Phyllachora species are biotrophic, obligate plant parasitic fungi featuring a high degree of host specificity, a high degree of species richness, and worldwide distribution. In this study, two Phyllachora species were collected from different hosts in Yunnan province, China. Based on morphological characteristics and multigene (LSU, ITS, SSU) phylogenetic analyses, they are introduced as two new taxa. Photographs, detailed descriptions, and notes are provided.
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Patil, Swanand R., and Shubham V. Yadav. "Photographic record of Armillaria mellea a bioluminescent fungi from Lonavala in Western Ghats, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 14, no. 2 (February 26, 2022): 20692–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.7677.14.2.20692-20694.
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Armillaria mellea is a bioluminescent fungus from the Basidiomycota division. The previous known record of the fungus is from Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary. This paper provides data and photographic evidence of Armillaria mellea in Lonavala.
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Pierozzi, Caroline Geraldi, Ricardo Toshio Fujihara, Efrain de Santana Souza, Marília Pizetta, Maria Márcia Pereira Sartori, and Adriana Zanin Kronka. "Interactive key (Lucid) for identification of fungi in vegetable seeds." Summa Phytopathologica 46, no. 1 (January 2020): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-5405/204669.
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ABSTRACT Interactive keys are tools that aid research and technical work since identification of organisms has become increasingly present in the scientific and academic context. An interactive key was developed with the software Lucid v. 3.3 for the identification of eleven fungal species associated with onion, carrot, pepper and tomato seeds. It was based on a matrix composed of six features: crop, conidium, conidiophore, color of long conidiophore, color of mycelium and presence of setae, besides 21 character states. In addition, descriptions, illustrations and high-resolution photographs of the morphological characters and states were made available to aid in the correct identification of fungal species. Validation of the interactive key was performed by distinct groups of volunteers: (i) graduate students with prior knowledge and using the interactive key; (ii) undergraduate students with little prior knowledge and using the interactive key, and (iii) undergraduate students with little prior knowledge and using the conventional identification system such as the printed manuals used in seed pathology laboratories. We analyzed the time spent by each volunteer to evaluate 25 seeds infected with the fungal species in the key, as well as the percentage of success and the difficulty level for each participant. The high percentage of correct answers with the use of the interactive key and the ease of use by the volunteers confirmed its efficiency because there was an increase in the identification accuracy when compared to the conventional system. Furthermore, the rate of success and the difficulty level presented low variability within groups (i) and (ii). These results are a consequence of the interaction of the user with characteristics of the developed tool, such as high-resolution photographs, which faithfully reproduce the fungal characteristics observed in the seeds under a stereomicroscope. Thus, the interactive key presented here can aid in teaching, institutional and commercial research, inspection and certification of seeds, making diagnosis safer and more accurate. The key is available for free at https://keys.lucidcentral.org/keys/v3/seed_fungi/.
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Andrews, Anne. "Mushrooms – A comprehensive guide with over 1,250 detailed photographs of mushrooms and other fungi." Field Mycology 7, no. 4 (October 2006): 134–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1468-1641(10)60578-6.
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Sari, Ngesti Limna. "KEPRIBADIAN INTROVERT DALAM FOTOGRAFI EKSPRESI." DESKOVI : Art and Design Journal 1, no. 1 (December 1, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.51804/deskovi.v1i1.276.
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Kepribadian manusia merupakan bentuk tingkah laku manusia berdasarkan sikap dan sifatnya. Kepribadian setiap manusia berbeda-beda, hal ini di pengaruhi oleh dua faktor utama yaitu, faktor internal dan eksternal. Carl Gustav Jung adalah seorang pencipta teori psikologi analitis membagi kepribadian manusia berdasarkan sikap jiwanya menjadi dua tipe yaitu introvert dan ekstrovert. Penciptaan dengan judul “Kepribadian Introvert dalam Fotografi Ekspresi” ini membahas mengenai kepribadian introvert pada manusia. Kepribadian introvert merupakan kepribadian manusia yang lebih cenderung fokus dengan dunia yang ada dalam dirinya sendiri dan membatasi dirinya dengan dunia luar sehingga dalam masyarakat umum, muncul penilaian yang kurang tepat. Sehingga muncul keinginan untuk memvisualkan bagaimana sebenarnya ciri-ciri kepribadian introvert dari sudut pandang seorang introvert dan teori mengenai kepribadian introvert. Media yang digunakan untuk penciptaan karya adalah fotografi ekspresi. Fungsi fotografi ekspresi adalah sebagai media ungkapan perasaan dan gagasan seorang fotografer. Proses digital imaging dilakukan dalam penciptaan karya untuk penambahan elemen dan objek pendukung sebagai media penyampai pesan, agar pesan yang ada pada foto bisa sampai kepada penikmat foto. Tujuan penciptaan ini adalah untuk menggambarkan bagaimana kepribadian manusia khususnya introvert dapat divisualisasikan melalui media fotografi ekspresi.Human personality is a form of human behavior based on attitude and nature. The personality of every human being is different, this is influenced by two main factors, namely, internal and external factors. Carl Gustav Jung is a creator of analytical psychological theory dividing human personality based on his soul attitude into two types, namely introvert and extrovert. The creation of the title "Introverted Personality in Expression Photography" discusses introverted personality in humans. Introverted personality is a human personality that is more likely to focus on the world that exists in itself and limit itself to the outside world so that in the general public, an inappropriate assessment appears. So the desire arises to visualize how introverted personality traits actually are from the point of view of an introvert and the theory of introverted personality. The media used for the creation is expression photography. It’s for a medium to express the feelings and ideas of a photographer. The digital imaging process is carried out in the creation of works for the addition of supporting elements and objects as message delivery media, so that the message on the photo can reach photo lovers. The purpose of this creation is to describe how human personality, especially introverts, can be visualized through the media of expression photography.
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Heluta, V. P., M. O. Zykova, V. P. Hayova, M. P. Prydiuk, and M. V. Shevchenko. "An update to the species list of fungi in the Red Data Book of Ukraine." Ukrainian Botanical Journal 79, no. 3 (June 29, 2022): 154–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ukrbotj79.03.154.
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The Red Data Book of Ukraine is an official national Red List of threatened species of plants, animals and fungi that are protected by law in Ukraine. This state document contains information about the current status of these species, threats and measures for their conservation and reproduction. According to the Law of Ukraine On the Red Book Data of Ukraine, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine provides official publication of the printed version of the Red Data Book of Ukraine at least once a decade. In 2021, based on the results of the studies carried out over the past decade, the list of fungi in the Red Data Book of Ukraine was extended to include twenty more species (Amylocystis lapponica, Battarrea phalloides, Butyriboletus appendiculatus, B. fechtneri, B. fuscoroseus, B. subappendiculatus, Chalciporus rubinus, Hemileccinum depilatum, Hericium erinaceum, Kavinia alboviridis, Montagnea radiosa, Mythicomyces corneipes, Phellinidium ferrugineofuscum, Plectania melastoma, Poronia punctata, Rubroboletus lupinus, R. rhodoxanthus, R. rubrosanguineus, R. satanas, and Suillus plorans), while nine species of fungi were excluded for various reasons (Anthurus archeri, Clathrus ruber, Entoloma nidorosum, Gyromitra slonevskii, Laricifomes officinalis, Morchella steppicola, Mutinus ravenelii, Phallus duplicatus, and Pseudocolus fusiformis). The article provides brief information and original photographs of the added twenty species of fungi of national conservation concern.
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Szczepkowski, Andrzej, Błażej Gierczyk, and Anna Kujawa. "Greenhouses of botanical gardens as a habitat of alien and native macrofungi: a case study in Poland." Open Life Sciences 9, no. 8 (August 1, 2014): 777–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11535-014-0310-5.
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AbstractIn 2010, 16 macrofungi species were found in greenhouses of the Botanical Garden in Warsaw-Powsin. These included 8 species of lepiotaceous fungi and a few species known from warmer areas. For 3 species identified, which are new to Poland (Agaricus subrufescens, Leucocoprinus heinemannii, Marasmius teplicensis), a description is given, with drawings of their microscopic features and photographs. Species composition of macrofungi is compared in 5 complexes of greenhouses (Bayreuth, Graz, Jena, Paskov, Warsaw) in 4 countries from Central Europe. The total number of species in these 5 studies is 206, including 27 (13.2%) lepiotaceous fungi. The smallest number of species identified was in Warsaw (16). More than twice this number was recorded in Jena (33) and Graz (34), while the richest fungal biotas were in Bayreuth (79) and Paskov (88). Of the 16 species found in Warsaw, 8 were also found in other greenhouses. In the group of 33 species recorded in at least two complexes of greenhouses, the most abundant were the lepiotaceous fungi (39.4%) and mycenaceous fungi (15.1%). Leucocoprinus cepistipes and L. straminellus were recorded most often, in 4 of the 5 studied greenhouse complexes. CCA analysis demonstrated that the highest impact on species diversity is the area of greenhouses.
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Bučková, Maria, Andrea Puškárová, Maria Carla Sclocchi, Marina Bicchieri, Piero Colaizzi, Flavia Pinzari, and Domenico Pangallo. "Co-occurrence of bacteria and fungi and spatial partitioning during photographic materials biodeterioration." Polymer Degradation and Stability 108 (October 2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2014.05.025.
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BAO, DAN-FENG, DHANUSHKA N. WANASINGHE, ZONG-LONG LUO, PETER E. MORTIMER, VINIT KUMAR, HONG-YAN SU, and KEVIN D. HYDE. "Murispora aquatica sp. nov. and Murispora fagicola, a new record from freshwater habitat in China." Phytotaxa 416, no. 1 (September 9, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.416.1.1.
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We are currently studying lignicolous freshwater fungi in China. In this paper, we introduce two taxonomic accounts to the family Amniculicolaceae in Pleosporales viz. Murispora aquatica sp. nov (from Yunnan) and a new record of Murispora fagicola (from Tibet). The conclusions were derived from both morphological comparisons and the results of phylogenetic analyses (concatenated ITS, LSU, SSU and TEF1-α sequence data). The new species is compared with other existing species of Murispora and comprehensive descriptions and micro-photographs are provided.
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COOPER, ALEXANDRA C., DENNIS E. DESJARDIN, and BRIAN A. PERRY. "The genus Mycena (Basidiomycota, Agaricales, Mycenaceae) and allied genera from Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe, West Africa." Phytotaxa 383, no. 1 (December 13, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.383.1.1.
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Limited research has been published on the mushroom-forming basidiomycetous fungi of the oceanic islands São Tomé and Príncipe, West Africa. Based on field work in April 2006 and 2008, which generated 24 specimens of mycenoid fungi, we recognize 14 species of Mycena, and 5 species belonging to the allied genera Clitocybula, Filoboletus, Hydropus and “Trogia”. Of these, 9 species are recognized herein as new to science, viz., Mycena antennae, M. brunneoviolacea, M. longinqua, M. oboensis, M. phaeonox, M. solis, Clitocybula intervenosa, Hydropus globosporus, and H. murinus; an additional 10 species are new distribution reports for São Tomé and Príncipe. Species delimitations are based on comprehensive morphological descriptions and molecular sequence (nLSU, ITS) data. Line drawings of salient micromorphological features, colour photographs of basidiomata, comparisons with allied taxa, a key to aid in identification, and phylogenetic inferences are provided.
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Salmela, Jukka, and Jaroslaw Starý. "Description of Metalimnobia (Metalimnobia) charlesi sp. n. from Europe (Diptera, Limoniidae)." Entomologica Fennica 19, no. 4 (December 1, 2008): 268–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.33338/ef.84444.
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The cranefly species Metalimnobia (Metalimnobia) charlesi sp. n. is described from Europe, and a photograph of the wing and illustrations of the male terminalia are provided. This new species is closely related to M. (M) quadrimaculata (Linnaeus), but it can be distinguished by differences in some external and genital characters. The larva of the new species is most probably saproxylic, being associated with polyporous fungi on decaying deciduous trees. M. (M) charlesi sp. n. is known from Finland, Slovakia and Sweden.
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Denchev, Teodor T., Henning Knudsen, and Cvetomir M. Denchev. "The smut fungi of Greenland." MycoKeys 64 (March 5, 2020): 1–164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.64.47380.
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The first taxonomic treatment of the smut fungi in Greenland is provided. A total of 43 species in 11 genera are treated and illustrated by photographs of sori, microphotographs of spores in LM and SEM, and distribution maps. Two species, Anthracoidea pseudofoetidae and Urocystis tothii, are recorded as new from North America. Thirteen species, Anthracoidea altera, A. capillaris, A. limosa, A. liroi, A. pseudofoetidae, A. scirpoideae, A. turfosa, Microbotryum lagerheimii, M. stellariae, Schizonella elynae, Stegocintractia luzulae, Urocystis fischeri, and U. tothii, are reported for the first time from Greenland. Three new fungus-host combinations, Anthracoidea capillaris on Carex boecheriana, Anthracoidea pseudofoetidae on Carex maritima, and Urocystis tothii on Juncus biglumis, are given. Five plant species are reported as new hosts of smut fungi in Greenland, namely, Carex nigra for Anthracoidea heterospora, C. canescens for Anthracoidea karii, C. fuliginosa subsp. misandra for Anthracoidea misandrae, C. maritima for Orphanomyces arcticus, and C. fuliginosa subsp. misandra for Schizonella melanogramma. Three species, Microbotryum violaceum s. str. (recorded as ‘Ustilago violacea’), Urocystis anemones, and U. junci, which were previously reported from Greenland, are considered wrongly identified. Additional distribution records are given for 12 species from Greenland: Anthracoidea bigelowii, A. caricis, A. elynae, A. lindebergiae, A. misandrae, A. nardinae, A. rupestris, A. scirpi, Schizonella melanogramma, Stegocintractia hyperborea, Urocystis agropyri, and U. sorosporioides. The most numerous distribution groups are the following: circumpolar–alpine and Arctic–alpine species – 14; circumboreal–polar species – 10; and circumpolar and Arctic species – 6. The most widely distributed smut fungi in Greenland were Anthracoidea bigelowii, A. elynae, Microbotryum bistortarum, and M. vinosum. Most species were found in the High Arctic zone (29 species), while from the Low Arctic zone and the Subarctic zone, 26 and 19 species were known, respectively. Ten species, Anthracoidea bigelowii, A. capillaris, A. elynae, Microbotryum bistortarum, M. koenigiae, M. pustulatum, M. silenes-acaulis, M. vinosum, Schizonella elynae, and Urocystis sorosporioides, were recorded from all three zones. Only plants belonging to six families, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, Juncaceae, Ranunculaceae, Caryophyllaceae, and Polygonaceae, out of a total of 55 in the flora of Greenland, hosted smut fungi. Cyperaceae was the plant family with most host species (23). Carex was the genus with the highest number of host species (22). The total number of the host plants (45 species) was 8.5 % out of a total of 532 vascular plants in the flora of Greenland. A new combination in Carex, C. macroprophylla subsp. subfilifolia, is proposed for Kobresia filifolia subsp. subfilifolia.
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Wang, Yang, Yong-Lan Tuo, Dong-Mei Wu, Neng Gao, Zhen-Hao Zhang, Gu Rao, Xiao-Min Wang, et al. "Exploring the Relationships between Four New Species of Boletoid Fungi from Northern China and Their Related Species." Journal of Fungi 8, no. 3 (February 22, 2022): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8030218.
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The family Boletaceae primarily represents ectomycorrhizal fungi, which play an essential ecological role in forest ecosystems. Although the Boletaceae family has been subject to a relatively global and comprehensive history of work, novel species and genera are continually described. During this investigation in northern China, many specimens of boletoid fungi were collected. Based on the study of their morphology and phylogeny, four new species, Butyriboletus pseudoroseoflavus, Butyriboletus subregius, Tengioboletus subglutinosus, and Suillellus lacrymibasidiatus, are introduced. Morphological evidence and phylogenetic analyses of the single or combined dataset (ITS or 28S, rpb1, rpb2, and tef1) confirmed these to be four new species. The evidence and analyses indicated the new species’ relationships with other species within their genera. Detailed descriptions, color photographs, and line drawings are provided. The species of Butyriboletus in China were compared in detail and the worldwide keys of Tengioboletus and Suillellus were given.
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Shevchenko, M. V., and M. O. Zykova. "Little-known in Ukraine species of corticioid fungi from Prypiat-Stokhid National Nature Park." Ukrainian Botanical Journal 78, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 132–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ukrbotj78.02.132.
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The article outlines the details on several noteworthy records of corticoid fungi discovered in the course of mycological observations in Prypiat-Stokhid National Nature Park (Liubeshiv District, Volyn Region) in October, 2019. In Ukraine, Byssocorticium atrovirens is apparently known only from a single record of A. Pilat, 1933, from the present-day territory of Carpathian Biosphere Reserve. Piloderma bicolor has been earlier recorded only once from Skole Beskids National Nature Park, while Tomentella lilacinogrisea has been previously found in a single locality in Carpathian Biosphere Reserve. The data on detailed morphological descriptions, ecological peculiarities, substrate specialization, general distribution, photographs of basidiomata and original drawings of microstructures are provided.
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Halim, Bobby, Amaliatulwalidain Amaliatulwalidain, and Nike Anggraini. "PELATIHAN FOTOGRAFI PRODUK KEPADA IKATAN REMAJA MASJID BAITURRAHMAN." SELAPARANG Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Berkemajuan 5, no. 1 (December 11, 2021): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.31764/jpmb.v5i1.6527.
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ABSTRAKKegiatan pelatihan Fotografi Produk di IRMA Baiturrahman merupakan respon dari pihak terkait. Di tengah kondisi pandemi ini, industri kreatif terus digalakan oleh pemerintah Indonesia. Bidang Fotografi memiliki kesempatan tersendiri saat ini, dikarenakan pandemi yang menyerang Indonesia berakibat perubahan gaya hidup masyarakatnya. Akibat pandemi,masyarakat Indonesia lebih banyak menghabiskan waktu dengan daring/online karena melalui daring masyarakat masih dapat beraktivitas sehari-hari,dari bekerja, belajar hingga menikmati hiburan. Universitas Indo Global Mandiri Palembang, berkomitmen untuk selalu berusaha melakukan pengabdian terhadap masyarakat secara terus menerus sebagai wujud kepedulian insan akademik terhadap peningkatan kualitas hidup masyarakat. Untuk itu Tim Pengabdian Masyarakat Universitas Indo Global Mandiri Palembang bermaksud menjalin kemitraan dengan IRMA Baiturrahman dengan skema pengabdian internal, yaitu 1) Memberikan wawasan mengenai Fotografi dan pengetahuan mengenai perkembangan fotografi. 2) Memberikan keterampilan Fotografi Produk terhadap peserta pelatihan. 3) Memberikan pengetahuan dan wawasan dalam pembuatan Fotografi Produk. 4) Meningkatkan keterampilan bagi peserta yang sudah memiliki dasar dalam Fotografi. 5) Memberikan motivasi dan kiat-kiat kepada peserta agar dapat menjadi pribadi yang mandiri dan mampu menghasilkan Fotografi Produk secara berkala. Metode yang dipakai pada Kegiatan pelatihan Fotografi Produk ini yaitu Metode Sosialisasi dan Ceramah, Metode Demonstrasi & Metode Bimbingan & Partisipatif. Kegiatan pelatihan Fotografi Produk di IRMA Baiturrahman menghasilkan beberapa foto produk dengan fungsi yang bervariasi. Kata kunci: fotografi produk; remaja ; IRMA baiturrahman. ABSTRACTThe Product Photography training activity at IRMA Baiturrahman is a response from related parties. In the midst of this pandemic, the Indonesian government continues to promote the creative industry. The field of photography has its own opportunity at this time, because the pandemic that attacked Indonesia resulted in changes in the lifestyle of its people. As a result of the pandemic, Indonesian people spend more time online because online people can still do their daily activities, from work, study to enjoying entertainment. Indo Global Mandiri University Palembang, is committed to always trying to do community service continuously as a form of concern for academics to improve the quality of life of the community. For this reason, the Community Service Team of Indo Global Mandiri University Palembang intends to establish a partnership with IRMA Baiturrahman with an internal service scheme, namely 1) Providing insight into Photography and knowledge about the development of photography. 2) Provide Product Photography skills to trainees. 3) Provide knowledge and insight in the manufacture of Product Photography. 4) Improve skills for participants who already have a foundation in Photography. 5) Provide motivation and tips to participants so that they can become independent individuals and are able to produce Product Photography on a regular basis. The methods used in this Product Photography training activity are the Socialization and Lecture Method, the Demonstration Method & the Guidance & Participatory Method. Product Photography training activities at IRMA Baiturrahman produced several product photos with various functions. Keywords: product photography; teenager; IRMA baiturrahman.
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Russo, Andrea, Francesco Morescalchi, Ciro Costagliola, Luisa Delcassi, and Francesco Semeraro. "A Novel Device to Exploit the Smartphone Camera for Fundus Photography." Journal of Ophthalmology 2015 (2015): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/823139.
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Purpose. To construct an inexpensive, convenient, and portable attachment for smartphones for the acquisition of still and live retinal images.Methods. A small optical device based on the principle of direct ophthalmoscopy was designed to be magnetically attached to a smartphone. Representative images of normal and pathological fundi were taken with the device.Results. A field-of-view up to ~20° was captured at a clinical resolution for each fundus image. The cross-polarization technique adopted in the optical design dramatically diminished corneal Purkinje reflections, making it possible to screen patients even through undilated pupils. Light emission proved to be well within safety limits.Conclusions. This optical attachment is a promising, inexpensive, and valuable alternative to the direct ophthalmoscope, potentially eliminating problems of poor exam skills and inexperienced observer bias. Its portability, together with the wireless connectivity of smartphones, presents a promising platform for screening and telemedicine in nonhospital settings.Translational Relevance. Smartphones have the potential to acquire retinal imaging for a portable ophthalmoscopy.
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Lin, Su-Chi. "Becoming the Past: Time and Memory in Stanley Fung’s Biblical Icons." Biblical Interpretation 28, no. 1 (March 12, 2020): 84–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685152-00281p05.
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Abstract This paper analyzes a contemporary Taiwanese artist Stanley Fung’s portrait photography and his contextual biblical interpretation of time and memory: the experience of the coming of the kingdom can be lingered on in an artist’s imagination. As a biblical interpreter, Fung’s visual exegesis asks the viewer to reconsider how the historical consciousness of self and community together impact one’s sense of time. Fung uses clothing and plants to invoke the viewer’s longing for a new, local culture where the gospel can be dressed, and a new soil where it can be planted. Photography as a legitimate extension of the sacred text engages the viewer’s biblical imagination and demands a response. Eternal beings and Christian anthropology, as manifested in Fung’s work serve to remind us of the distinction between memory and the sacred, life and destruction, creation and redemption.
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Hazrat, Ali. "Fungi A NEW SPECIES OF Clitopilus Shanglayensis (ENTOLOMATACESAE, AGARICALES) REPORTED FROM KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN." JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH 28, no. 3 (June 30, 2022): 159–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.28941/pjwsr.v28i2.1001.
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Abstract
In current study a new species Clitopilus shanglayensis (Entolomatacesae, Agaricales) was reported based on morphological and molecular confirmation from northern region of Pakistan. Morphological parameters which differ the species from other species include white yellowish pileus (05-06 cm wide), light brown stipe and pale yellowish lamella. The fungal molecular markers nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and larger subunits (LSU) were sequenced and used for phylogenetic analysis. The phylogenetic analysis based on ITS and LSU sequences by using Maximum Likelihood method (ML) revealed that the novel species reported from current study had distinct characteristics features than other species. A complete detail description, color photographs and evolutionary relatedness of novel species Clitopilus shanglayensis were mentioned.
Keywords: Agaricales, Clitopilus, Entolomatacesae, Molecular, Phylogenetic analysis,
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Khan, Junaid, Hassan Sher, Aiman Izhar, Muhammad Haqnawaz, and Abdul Nasir Khalid. "Pluteus variabilicolor and Volvopluteus earlei, new records for Pakistan." Mycotaxon 137, no. 1 (April 28, 2022): 109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5248/137.109.
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Pluteus variabilicolor and Volvopluteus earlei are reported as new records for the Pakistani funga, with the former representing a new record for South Asia and the latter, a second report from Asia. Morphological descriptions are accompanied by colored photographs of basidiomata and microscopic structures. Identity of both species is confirmed by ITS sequence analyses. Comparison with previous descriptions and data on their distributions are briefly discussed.
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Abrusci, C., D. Marquina, A. Del Amo, T. Corrales, and F. Catalina. "A viscometric study of the biodegradation of photographic gelatin by fungi isolated from cinematographic films." International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 58, no. 3-4 (October 2006): 142–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2006.06.011.
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TRIERVEILER-PEREIRA, LARISSA, R. GREG THORN, and ADRIANA DE MELO GUGLIOTTA. "Type studies on cyphelloid species (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) described by Rick kept at Herbarium PACA." Phytotaxa 427, no. 1 (December 17, 2019): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.427.1.7.
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Type specimens of cyphelloid fungi described by Johannes Rick kept at Herbarium PACA (São Leopoldo, Brazil) were studied, described, illustrated and their species names were updated when necessary. Two invalid names, Cyphella grisea Rick and Solenia minima Rick, are reduced to synonyms of existing names, Lachnella subfalcispora D.A. Reid and Henningsomyces minimus (Cooke & W. Phillips) Kuntze, respectively. Cyphella congregatissima Rick, Glabrocyphella rubescens Rick, Solenia pezizoidea Rick and Theleporus griseus Rick are combined to Seticyphella Agerer, Henningsomyces Kuntze, Maireina W.B. Cooke and Resupinatus Nees, respectively, with the last requiring a new name, Resupinatus rickii. Descriptions, color photographs of basidiomes, and line-drawing illustrations of microstructures from the examined material are given.
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LATHA, K. P. DEEPNA, K. N. ANIL RAJ, and PATINJAREVEETTIL MANIMOHAN. "Leucoagaricus callainitinctus—a new species of Leucoagaricus section Piloselli (Agaricaceae) from tropical India." Phytotaxa 442, no. 2 (May 11, 2020): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.442.2.6.
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An interesting species of lepiotaceous fungi, Leucoagaricus callainitinctus sp. nov., is described from Kerala State, India based on morphology and molecular phylogeny. This species is distinguished by basidiocarps that turn dark turquoise on bruising/handling or reacting with NH4OH. A phylogenetic study was conducted based on Maximum likelihood analysis of nrITS sequences. In the phylogram, the new species nested as a distinct lineage in a group, which consisted predominantly of members of section Piloselli of the genus Leucoagaricus. A comprehensive description, photographs of the basidiocarps and the microscopic structures, comparisons with phenetically similar and phylogenetically related species and a phylogram showing the placement of the new species are provided.
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Mao, Yumei, Yanling Long, Bo Liu, Qingling Cao, Yijian Li, Sha Li, Gang Wang, Xiaohong Meng, and Shiying Li. "Ocular Characteristics of Patients with Leber Congenital Amaurosis 6 Caused by Pathogenic RPGRIP1 Gene Variation in a Chinese Cohort." Journal of Ophthalmology 2021 (November 9, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9966427.
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Purpose. To delineate the clinical and genetic characteristics of Chinese patients with RPGRIP1-associated Leber congenital amaurosis 6 (LCA6). Methods. After screening 352 unrelated families with clinically diagnosed RP, five LCA6 patients with RPGRIP1 variations from unrelated Chinese families were identified. Full ophthalmology examinations, including decimal best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence imaging, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), full-field electroretinography (ffERG), multifocal electroretinography (mfERG), perimetry, and flash visual evoked potential (FVEP), were performed. Target next-generation sequencing (NGS) and Sanger sequencing were performed for the five patients to identify and to validate candidate disease-causing variants. Results. Five patients were molecularly diagnosed as the LCA6 associated with RPGRIP1 variation, with typical clinical characteristics including congenital night blindness, nystagmus, and visual defect, at an early age. Interestingly, LCA6 exhibited extensive clinical heterogeneity and the changes in the morphology and function were not completely consistent in the five LCA6 patients. Case 1 showed extensive inferior-nasal retinal atrophy with a corresponding area of hypofluorescence in fundus autofluorescence, and the fundus photograph was nearly normal in cases 2 and 3. The ERG results displayed a moderately reduced rod-system response in cases 1 and 2 and a significant reduced rod-system response in case 3. Both case 4 and case 5 showed mottled pigmentation in fundi and an unrecordable rod and cone-system response in ERG. Moreover, we identified eight compound variants and one homozygous variant in the five patients with RPGRIP1. Conclusions. This is the largest report focused on the clinical electrophysiological features of patients with associated LCA6 caused by the variation in the RPGRIP1 gene in the Chinese population with an enriched phenotypic and genotypic background of LCA6 to improve future gene therapies.
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Prydiuk, M. P., and O. M. Balahura. "First records of representatives of the genus Lysurus (Phallaceae, Basidiomycota) in Ukraine." Ukrainian Botanical Journal 78, no. 6 (December 31, 2021): 399–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ukrbotj78.06.399.
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The first records in Ukraine of two species of the genus Lysurus (Phallaceae, Phallales) are reported. Lysurus mokusin is a rare species in Europe distributed mainly in Southeast Asia. Lysurus sphaerocephalum is widespread in North and South America and thus it is also the first record for Europe. In Ukraine, they both are alien species and their appearance in the country is evidence of climate change. The article provides detailed descriptions of fruit bodies of the collected fungi, including macro- and microscopic characters, their locations, as well as distribution data in Ukraine and worldwide. The distinctions from the related species, L. cruciatus and L. periphragmoides, are described. The article is illustrated by original photographs and drawings.
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de la Fuente, Javier Isaac, Jesús García-Jiménez, Caribell Yuridia López, Iván Oros-Ortega, Reyna Yazuly Vela-Hernández, Gonzalo Guevara-Guerrero, Fortunato Garza Ocañas, Jesús Antonio Chay Casanova, León Esteban Ibarra Garibay, and Victor Manuel Bandala. "An annotated checklist of the macrofungi (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Glomeromycota) from Quintana Roo, Mexico." Check List 16, no. 3 (May 26, 2020): 627–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/16.3.627.
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According to records available in the literature, 380 species of fungi and fungus-like organisms are known for the state of Quintana Roo on the Yucatán Peninsula of Mexico. We carried out mycological surveys in this state, following the classical methods for collecting, describing, and curating macrofungi. As a result of our research, 21 species are recorded for the first time for Quintana Roo, and Amanita arenicola O. K. Milller & Lodge, Inocybe xerophytica Pegler, and Russula cremeolilacina Pegler are recorded for the first time for Mexico. The distinctive characteristics and photographs are provided for the new records. As a result of this study, 401 species of macrofungi are known for Quintana Roo.
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Santamaria, Sergi, and Jan Pedersen. "Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark." European Journal of Taxonomy 781 (November 26, 2021): 1–425. http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.781.1583.
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In this study, the thallus-forming Laboulbeniomycetes (Herpomycetales and Laboulbeniales) from Denmark are presented as an illustrated monograph. Sixteen species and one genus are newly described based on morphology and ecology (host association). The new genus is named Tanmaurkiella Santam. gen. nov. and includes two species: T. pselaphi Santam. gen. et sp. nov. (type species) and T. huggertii Santam. gen. et sp. nov., both on Pselaphus heisei Herbst, 1792 (Col. Staphylinidae Pselaphinae). The other 14 new species are Amorphomyces ventricosus Santam. sp. nov. on Myrmecocephalus concinnus (Erichson, 1839) (Col. Staphylinidae Aleocharinae), Cantharomyces papillatus Santam. sp. nov. on Bledius terebrans (Schiødte, 1866) (Col. Staphylinidae Oxytelinae), Cryptandromyces cryptophagi Santam. sp. nov. on Cryptophagus distinguendus Sturm, 1845 (Col. Cryptophagidae), Cryptandromyces danicus Santam. sp. nov. on Euconnus wetterhallii (Gyllenhal, 1813) (Col. Staphylinidae Scydmaeninae), Dimeromyces oculatus Santam. sp. nov. on Longitarsus luridus (Scopoli, 1763) (Col. Chrysomelidae), Euphoriomyces enghoffii Santam. sp. nov. on Leiodes rugosa Stephens, 1829 (Col. Leiodidae), Euphoriomyces smicri Santam. sp. nov. on Smicrus filicornis (Fairmaire & Laboulbène, 1855) (Col. Ptiliidae), Laboulbenia inexpectata Santam. sp. nov. on Acupalpus exiguus Dejean, 1829 (Col. Carabidae), Laboulbenia pygidicola Santam. sp. nov. on Syntomus truncatellus (Linnaeus, 1761) (Col. Carabidae), Monoicomyces brachiatus Santam. sp. nov. on Atheta sodalis (Erichson, 1837) and Ocyusa picina (Aubé, 1850) (Col. Staphylinidae Aleocharinae), Monoicomyces crassicaulis Santam. sp. nov. on Oxypoda elongatula Aubé, 1850 (Col. Staphylinidae Aleocharinae), Monoicomyces reboleirae Santam. sp. nov. on Gnypeta carbonaria (Mannerheim, 1830) (Col. Staphylinidae Aleocharinae), Monoicomyces validus Santam. sp. nov. on Atheta vestita (Gravenhorst, 1806), Aleochara grisea Kraatz, 1856, and Geostiba circellaris (Gravenhorst, 1806) (Col. Staphylinidae Aleocharinae), and Stigmatomyces thoracochaetae Santam. sp. nov. on Thoracochaeta brachystoma (Stenhammer, 1855) (Diptera Sphaeroceridae). The total number of laboulbeniaceous species from Denmark rises from 29 to 195, which means that 166 are here reported as new country records. Among these, Kainomyces isomali Thaxt. deserves special mention as it is a new European record. The same applies to nine species which are reported here for the first time after their original description. For this study, an intensive sampling programme has been realized, with 429 Danish localities screened including around 1900 collections with fungi. Two new synonymies are established: Laboulbenia acupalpi Speg. (Spegazzini 1915a) syn. nov. for Laboulbenia stenolophi Speg. (Spegazzini 1914), and Monoicomyces oxytelis Huldén (Huldén 1983) syn. nov. for Monoicomyces invisibilis Thaxt. (Thaxter 1900). The new combination Peyritschiella oxyteli (Cépède & F.Picard) Santam. comb. nov. is proposed for Rheophila oxyteli Cépède & F.Picard including neotypification, and delimitation of Peyritschiella protea Thaxt. is incorporated. Lectotypes for Laboulbenia polyphaga Thaxt. and Symplectromyces vulgaris (Thaxt.) Thaxt. are designated. Nineteen species are illustrated here with photographs for the first time. Three species: Eumonoicomyces papuanus Thaxt., Peyritschiella protea, and Stigmatomyces euconni F.Picard, which were reported from Denmark in the literature should be removed from the Danish Funga. We have examined the following types of Thaxter from FH (Farlow Herbarium, Harvard University Herbaria): Asaphomyces cholevae Thaxt., Dimorphomyces myrmedoniae Thaxt., Eumonoicomyces papuanus, Laboulbenia polyphaga, Peyritschiella protea, Rhadinomyces pallidus Thaxt., and Symplectromyces vulgaris. Ceratomyces pyrenaeus Santam. is newly recorded from USA, and this is also a new record from the American continent. Description of the genus Cryptandromyces Thaxt. has been emended to incorporate the new species here described. Morphology of the antheridium in Eumonoicomyces papuanus is studied, and the status of the genus Eumonoicomyces Thaxt. vis-à-vis Monoicomyces Thaxt. is discussed. Identification keys are provided for genera and species. In support of the additional aim of this work to serve as a reference for the study of Laboulbeniomycetes fungi in Europe, we include maps and the Appendix 1 for comparison of the known species in the ten most diverse, better studied, European countries.
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DUTTA, ARUN KUMAR, SOUMILI BERA, SOUMITRA PALOI, SHOVAN RAKSHIT, ENTAJ TARAFDER, ANG RINZING SHERPA, and KRISHNENDU ACHARYA. "Lepiotaceous fungi of West Bengal, India: the genus Chlorophyllum." Phytotaxa 451, no. 2 (July 3, 2020): 113–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.451.2.2.
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The state West Bengal, India was thoroughly investigated and a total of ten specimens belonging to the genus Chlorophyllum was collected. Detailed morphological and molecular studies revealed that the collected specimens were distributed over three species among which two viz. Chlorophyllum hortense and C. molybdites were previously known from the region, and one, Chlorophyllum squamulosum sp. nov., is described herein as new to science. The new species is distinguished by its small plate-like squamules over the pileus coloured greyish brown to reddish brown or dark brown; truncate, hyaline basidiospores with a prominent germ-pore; relatively small (17–25 × 7.5–11.5 μm), clavate or spheropedunculate cheilocystidia; and a tightly packed hymeniderm type pileus covering. A comprehensive morphological description, field photographs of the basidiocarps, comparisons with phenotypically similar and phylogenetically related species and a phylogram showing the placement of each of the collected species are provided. Besides, earlier records of Chlorophyllum species from West Bengal as well as in India are consulted and information related to diversity of the genus in the country are discussed with notes on the previous records. An artificial dichotomous key is provided to aid in the identification of the presently available Chlorophyllum species in India.
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Riadi, Imam. "Detection DETEKSI DAN IDENTIFIKASI KAPANG PADA PROSES BIODETERIORASI ARSIP FOTO MEMORY OF THE WORLD (MOW) RESTORASI CANDI BOROBUDUR." Jurnal Konservasi Cagar Budaya 15, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33374/jurnalkonservasicagarbudaya.v15i1.255.
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ABSTRACT
This study aims to identify the genus of mold in the biodeterioration process of the photo archive of Memory of the World (MoW) restoration of Borobudur Temple and the potential for the enzymatic activity of these molds. The type of research method chosen is descriptive qualitative. Starting with survey sampling and sampling. Inoculation of fungi using the streak method on PDA medium. Mold identification based on macroscopic and microscopic observations of fungi. The results of characterization were then identified using the matching profile method using the mold identification reference book. The identification results resulted in six genera of contaminant molds in the biodeterioration of the MoW photo archive of the Borobudur Temple restoration. The genera identified included: Acremonium (69.66 %%), Penicillium (14.59%), Aspergillus (3.36%), Culvularia (2.24%) Fusarium (1.12%), and Pleurostomophora (1.12%) and some sterile mycelia. The types of biodeterioration in the photo collection include mold growth, discolored spots, peeling off layers, and damage to the substrate in the photo. Based on literature search, all mold genera found as the cause of biodeterioration has the potential to have proteinase, gelatinase, and cellulase enzymes.
Keywords: Biodeterioration; Mold; Photograph; Memory of the World; Borobudur Temple