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Johansson, Mouafik Adam. "Photography genres - A research study on the difference between documentary photography & photojournalism." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23212.
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För att sammanfatta mitt examensarbete har jag undersökt vad de bakomliggande faktorernaför en bilds genrekategorisering påverkas av, ifall det är innehållet i bilden som påverkar desseffekt eller om det är antingen publikskontexten/produktionskontexten som avgör en bildsgenre. Till min hjälp bestämde jag mig för att åka till Japan och träffa en fotograf vid namnSaid Karlsson för att genomföra en etnografisk studie och intervjua honom på plats. Delsgjorde jag detta genom att hitta skillnader mellan varandras bilder och att fotografera sakersom intresserar mig i Japan som blev en del av min medieproduktion. Vad undersökningen resulterade, med hjälp av intervjun och diskussionerna om varandras bilder, var att en bilds genre avgörs inte av innehållet i en bild, det är i kontextsammanhanget bilden befinner sig inom.To summarize my thesis, I investigated what the underlying factors for an image genre categorization is influenced by, if it is the content of the image, which affects its effect or if it is either the audience context / production context that determines a picture's genre. To my help I decided to go to Japan and meet a photographer named Said Karlsson to conduct an ethnographic study and interview him on the spot. Firstly, I did this by finding the differences between each image and to photograph things that interest me in Japan that became part of my media production. What investigation resulted, with the help of the interview and discussions about each other's pictures, was that a picture's genre is not determined by the content of an image, it is in the context context, the picture is within.
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Cieplak, Piotr Artur. "The Rwandan genocide and its aftermath in photography and documentary film." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609170.
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Day, Meredith. "The New York City Photo League : determining influence through depth interviews with scholars, historians and curators /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1422920.
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Fromm, Karen. "Das Bild als Zeuge." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16968.
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Obwohl das dokumentarische Bild als beglaubigte Aufzeichnung einer außermedialen Realität als Diskursgegenstand bereits seit Längerem dekonstruiert ist, scheint die Faszination am Dokumentarischen nahezu ungebrochen. Die stete Bezugnahme auf das Dokumentarische in unterschiedlichen Diskursen der Fotografie zeugt davon. Auch zahlreiche künstlerische Auseinandersetzungen rekurrieren seit den 80er-Jahren verstärkt auf dokumentarische Konzepte und Formate. Ausgehend von diesem Paradoxon, der Dekonstruktion des Dokumentarischen in Theoriekontexten und dem Wiedererstarken dokumentarischer Formate in der Fotografie und Kunst, sucht die vorliegende Arbeit nach den Ursachen einer offenkundig anhaltenden Faszination am Dokumentarischen. Dabei richtet sie den Blick speziell auf künstlerische Fotografien, die Gebrauchsweisen der Fotografie aufgreifen, welche per se mit dem Dokumentarischen affiziert werden, wie die Pressefotografie, die kriminalistische Fotografie und die Amateurfotografie. Sie zeigt, über welche Strategien das Dokumentarische dort produktiv umgesetzt wird. Lässt sich jeder Dokumentarismus erst einmal als Versuch lesen, in der Repräsentation das Reale zu verbildlichen, beziehen sich die vorgestellten künstlerischen Arbeiten von Jeff Wall, Thomas Demand, Sophie Calle und Richard Billingham zwar auf ein Begehren nach dem Realen, machen aber gleichzeitig den Verlust des Realen in ihren Erzählungen von der Wirklichkeit erfahrbar. In ihrer Ambivalenz vermitteln die künstlerischen Arbeiten ein Konzept des Dokumentarischen als mobiles System, das dieses nicht als Kategorie, Genre oder Stil festschreibt, sondern als Handlung begreift, die das permanente Ineinandergreifen von Konstruktion und Dekonstruktion des Dokumentarischen nachvollzieht. Insofern erweisen sich die Kunst und das Dokumentarische als nicht polar, denn über ihre Beziehung zum Realen kristallisiert sich dieses als das gemeinsame Dritte der beiden heraus.Although the documentary image as authenticated record of a reality beyond the media has, as the object of discourse, long been deconstructed, the fascination with the documentary would appear to be ongoing. The constant references to the documentary in a variety of photography discourses bears witness to this. In addition, countless artistic treatments since the Eighties have referred back to documentary concepts and formats. In the light of this paradox as well as the deconstruction of the documentary in theoretical contexts and the renewed gaining of strength of documentary formats in photography and art, this study investigates the reasons for the evident persistent fascination with the documentary. In the process, artistic photographs in particular are examined which reference conventions in photography that are associated per se with the documentary, such as for example press photography, criminalistic photography, and amateur photography. The strategies by which the documentary is productively implemented are demonstrated here. If every form of documentarism can be read first of all as an attempt to express the real visually in the representation, then the artistic works by Jeff Wall, Thomas Demand, Sophie Calle and Richard Billingham that are presented here may indeed reference a desire for the real, but at the same time they make it possible in their telling of reality to experience the loss of the real. It is through their ambivalence that the artistic works convey a concept of the documentary as a mobile system that does not codify it as a category, genre or style, but rather perceives it as an act that comprehends the documentary''s constant intertwining of construction and deconstruction. As such, it is shown that art and the documentary are not polar, because through their relationship to reality this relationship is shown to crystalize out as the common third party for both.
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Řádková, Kristýna. "Vývoj fotografie a význam současné reportážní a dokumentární fotografie." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-194523.
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This Master's Thesis is focused on evolution of photography with focus on photojournalism and documentary photography and aims to prove that this genre, though it may seem that it's currently on the decline, is still important. The theoretical part contains general history and definition of photography, pointing out the relationship between photography and art and describes the most important theories of aesthetics of photography. Then the work is focused purely on photojournalism and documentary photography. It describes the relationship and the difference between these genres. Further the thesis is focused on the ethics of photography and manipulation of images. The practical section consists of analysis of technical requirements on photo equipment with regard to individual areas of photojournalism and documentary photography. The following part contains practical examples based on author's experience and the work concludes with compilation of several Czech photographers' answers to questions about photojournalism and documentary photography.
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Nesbitt, Hills Christine. "Documentary Photography as a Tool of Social Change: reading a shifting paradigm in the representation of HIV/AIDS in Gideon Mendel's photography." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21561.
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Gideon Mendel’s ongoing photographic work documenting HIV/ AIDS, first started in 1993, has seen shifts not only in production but also in the author’s representation of his subjects. This paper looks at three texts of Mendel’s work, taken from three different stages of Mendel’s career and reads the shifting paradigm taking Mendel from photojournalist to activist armed with documentary photography as a tool of social change. This thesis explores how different positionings as an author and different representations of the subjects, living and dying, with HIV/AIDS influences meaning-making, and what that means for documentary photography as a tool of social change.
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Lewis, Kathryn L. "Imaging the Early Cold War: Photographs in Life Magazine, 1945-1954." VCU Scholars Compass, 2015. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3765.
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This dissertation analyzes Life’s early coverage of the Cold War (1945-1954) in order to explicate this publication’s creation and reinforcement of prescriptive attitudes about this ideological engagement through photographically illustrated news. By uncovering Life’s editorial approach this project proposes a new diagnostic for evaluating documentary images by re-configuring Hayden White’s incisive theory of emplotment—the process of engendering historical narratives with meaning— through semiotic models proposed by Louis Hjelmslev and Roland Barthes, thereby offering a useful tool for future scholars to re-examine modern media’s transition towards prizing visual immediacy over critical engagement.
Life’s editors’ link narrative devices and rhetoric with photographs to make these images appear as first-hand experience and function as objective conclusions. Life characterizes the Cold War as an epic moral struggle between the US and USSR, and its 1943 special issue on Russia acts as the comedic prologue to this narrative by distinguishing these ideologically disparate wartime allies. After post-war agreements fail, this congenial atmosphere swiftly transitions into another battle between democracy and tyranny, defined through literary conventions. Life employs synecdoche and allegory to encode photographs of individuals as icons of valorous populations (Americans and Eastern Europeans) and to symbolize concepts (democracy and charity). Metonymy and irony transform photographs into direct signs of Communism and visual evidence of its degeneracy. Life’s comic presentation of Marshal Josip Tito contrasts with its satiric coverage of Senator Joseph McCarthy to direct readers’ attention towards the best and worst possible courses of action regarding the Communist menace, at home and abroad.
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Chiodetto, Eder. "Fotojornalismo: realidades construídas e ficções documentais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27152/tde-05072009-232727/.
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Nossa trajetória no fotojornalismo, marcada por treze anos de trabalho como repórter-fotográfico e editor de fotografia na Empresa Folha da Manhã S.A. nos permitiu conhecer minuciosamente, na prática, o processo de construção de uma imagem fotojornalística. Apesar da produção internacional relativamente abundante e de trabalhos brasileiros de renomados profissionais da área, a produção teórica sobre os aspectos da fotografia no contemporâneo é ainda incipiente no Brasil, principalmente no que diz respeito às inovações tecnológicas e seu impacto no fotojornalismo. Entre as questões mais instigantes da pesquisa e da teoria da imagem estão as tensões entre realidade e ficção e ética e ideologia. Segundo os parâmetros aceitos nas redações, uma boa fotografia é aquela que consegue aliar a precisão da informação com uma contundente beleza plástica. No fotojornalismo, mais que em qualquer outra modalidade de uso da fotografia, o registro fotográfico tem a necessidade de ser entendido, em sua gênese, como um documento, como um atestado comprobatório não apenas de que o fato aconteceu, mas que o mesmo ocorreu tal qual podemos observar na fotografia publicada no veículo. Como pensar então em informação precisa ou em verdade se sabemos de antemão que quando o fotógrafo documenta um acontecimento no espaço-tempo ele está invariavelmente, no ato fotográfico, descolando aquele recorte do real de seu contexto, interpretando o fato de acordo com sua cultura e sua ideologia? No fotojornalismo, essas tensões se revelam sobretudo na busca do equilíbrio possível entre informação e plasticidade, entre a sua natureza noticiosa que o obriga a se manter fortemente conectado a um referente e sua necessidade de conquistar a atenção do olhar do leitor contemporâneo, numa árdua batalha travada nas páginas de jornais e revistas com as imagens idealizadas e tecnicamente perfeitas da publicidade. Neste sentido, esta dissertação, que surge a partir da experiência de quem conheceu os mecanismos que regem o surgimento e a efetuação de uma pauta fotográfica na grande imprensa, pretende contribuir para ampliar o espaço desta reflexão na produção brasileira. Além disso, visamos analisar, ao cruzar a nossa experiência com a bibliografia contemporânea acerca da representação dos fatos na mídia impressa, as possíveis transformações ocorridas no conceito de documento fotográfico no período que vai da implantação da cor na impressão dos jornais diários brasileiros até o momento atual, passando pelo ingresso das câmeras digitais nas redações dos jornais. E, por fim, objetivamos também mostrar, por meio de imagens de violência recolhidas na mídia impressa, como esse processo pode corroborar para que os fotojornalistas e suas empresas façam, inconscientemente ou não, o uso da fotografia como uma ferramenta de criação, propagação e perpetuação de estigmas e preconceitos na sociedade. Sistematizar teórica e criticamente nossa experiência profissional obtida ao longo do trabalho como jornalista, repórter-fotográfico e editor de fotografia e, dessa forma, contribuir para a discussão acerca da profissão por nós escolhida, é um dos principais motivos que nos levaram a propor como objeto desta pesquisa uma análise do fotojornalismo a partir da sua produção desde diferentes perspectivas.Our trajectory in photojournalism, marked by thirteen years of work as a reporter and photographic editor of the company Empresa Folha da Manhã S.A. allowed us to know, in practice, the process of creation an photojournalistic image. Despite the international production relatively abundant and the work of renowned Brazilian professionals in the area, the production on the theoretical aspects of photography in contemporary is still incipient in Brazil, especially with regard to technological innovations and their impact on photojournalism. Among the most instigatings issues of research and theory of the image are the tensions between reality and fiction and ethics and ideology. According to the editors accepted parameters, a good photograph is one that can combine the accuracy of the information with a convincingly plastic beauty. In photojournalism, more than any other mode of use of the photograph, the photographic record needs to be understood in its genesis, as a document such as a real certificate not only that the fact happened, but that it happened just the we see in the photograph published in the vehicle. Since then, how can we think on accurate information or true if we know in advance that when the photographer documents an event in space-time it is invariably, in the photographic act, unstick that cut of reality of its context, interpreting the fact based on his culture and his ideology? In photojournalism, these tensions are revealed especially in the search of the possible balance between information and plasticity, and its nature that requires that the news remains strongly connected to a referential and their need to win the attention of the readers contemporary look, in a tough battle fought on the pages of newspapers and magazines with the idealized and technically perfect images of advertising. Therefore, this dissertation, which arises from the experience of those who knew the mechanisms that govern the appearance and the execution of a photographic pauta, seeks to expand the space for discussion in the Brazilian production. Also, aim to analyze, by crossing our experience with the contemporary literature about the representation of the facts in press, the possible changes in the concept of photographic as a document, from the period of deployment of colors in printing the brazilianss newspaper untill today, and the advent of digital cameras in editors of newspapers. Finally, we also intend to show, throughout images of violence gathered in press, how this process can corroborate to the photojournalists and their enterprises to do, unconsciously or not, the use of photography as a tool for the creation, propagation and perpetuation of stigmas and prejudices in society. To systematize theoretical and critically our experience obtained during our career as a journalist, editor-reporter of photography and thus contribute to the discussion about the profession we have chosen, is one of the main reasons that led us to propose as the subject of this research an analysis of photojournalism from its production from different perspectives.
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Norton, Janel Lynn. "Global CSR And Photographic Credibility: Exploring How International Companies Portray Efforts Through Photographs in CSR Reports." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4185.
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We are living in the age of the visual. Imagery is an important element in constructing and deriving meaning through symbols, colors, and context. Images may hold persuasive power, be used as evidence, or simply provide a moment of beauty. Organizations rely on photographs to help them convey an image to their stakeholders within annual reports. Telling an organizations' story through photographs has become an intrinsic part of their efforts to convey sustainability. We live in the age of transparency, and organizations that construct an image that is not truthful will face consequences in today's socially connected and conscious world. Corporate social responsibility has become the triple bottom line in many global organizations, but they have yet to embrace the ethics of visually conveying these efforts in a truthful way. This study explored organizations that have been deemed the most open and honest in their CSR reporting to determine if that extends to the use of photographs within these reports. Findings suggest that although truthful photographs do exist within CSR reports, few can be validated due to lack of photo credit or caption information. Publications who do not provide this level of transparency in their visual reporting run the risk of producing skeptical CSR reports.
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Lima, Manoel Roberto Nascimento de. "A fotografia como instrumento da documentação e preservação da memória: arte e sobrevivência no alto Vale do Ribeira." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2007. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/4938.
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Previous issue date: 2007-09-17The main aim of the present research is to base the photography as an instrument of historical and cultural reconstruction of the production of utilitarian of ceramic in the Alto Vale do Ribeira (State of São Paulo), one of the last areas to produce ceramic in traditional way, without the use of lathe. Such handicraft constitutes the corpus of this paper. This work try to reveal how, under that pressure, the ceramists' repertoire was deeply altered. Theoretically, the task mobilizes a group of works on the history of photography and on memory issues, as those signed by Boris Kossoy, Jorge Pedro Souza, Susan Sontag, Roland Barthes. Methodologically, it is an exhausting field research, complemented by a bibliographical research. The in loco investigation made possible the photographic registration of organizational forms of the communitarian work in three communities of Alto Vale do Ribeira and of the socioeconomic relationships of those groups. We believed we could appoint as result the woman's predominant role in the production and knowledge transmission processes, and the risk of extinction of the ceramic handcraft in those communities. Such possibility is aggravated by precariousness of the socioeconomic atmosphere in which the groups are inserted. In that aspect, the role of photography is of contributing not just for creation but also for attending the local social demand, avoiding the forgetfulness of the whole process of making ceramic still without use of lathe
O objetivo principal da presente pesquisa é fundamentar a fotografia como instrumento de reconstrução histórica e cultural da produção de utilitários de cerâmica no Alto Vale do Ribeiro, uma das últimas regiões a produzir a cerâmica no modo tradicional, sem o uso do torno. Tal artesanato constitui o corpus do mestrado. Trata-se de mostrar como, sob essa pressão, foi alterado profundamente o repertório dos ceramistas. Teoricamente, o trabalho mobiliza um conjunto de obras sobre a história da fotografia e a questão da memória, a exemplo daqueles assinados por Boris Kossoy, Jorge Pedro Souza, Susan Sontag, Roland Barthes. Metodologicamente, trata-se de uma exaustiva pesquisa de campo, que é complementada por uma pesquisa bibliográfica. A investigação in loco possibilitou o registro fotográfico das formas de organização do trabalho comunitário em três comunidades, das relações sócio-econômicas dos grupos e suas alternativas de trabalho. Acreditamos poder apontar como resultado o papel predominante da mulher no processo de produção e de transmissão de conhecimento, e o risco de extinção do artesanato de cerâmica nessas comunidades. Tal possibilidade é agravada pela precariedade do ambiente sócio-econômico em que os grupos estão inseridos. Nesse aspecto, o papel da fotografia é o de contribuir não apenas para a criação como para o atendimento da demanda social local, evitando o esquecimento de todo o processo de fazer cerâmica ainda sem o uso do torno
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Dunleavy, Dennis J. "In the age of the instant : the influence of the digital camera on the photojournalistic routines of productivity, empowerment and social interaction between subject and photographer /." view abstract or download file of text, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3153783.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2004.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 140-151). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Dunn, Geoffrey. "Deconstructing documentary : theory and practice in documentary film and photography /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2004. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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Abdullah, Ismail Bin. "Documentary photography : a study of nineteenth century documentary photography with special reference to West Malaysian historical photographs 1874-1910." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.344016.
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Durrill, J. Edward. "People in public places /." Online version of thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10975.
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Mitropoulos, Maria Michael. "Regimes of truth : documentary photography in the margins." Queensland University of Technology, 2003. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16077/.
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This thesis consists of two parts. The first is a series of photographic essays documenting the lived experience of a woman who is HIV positive and a group of young females who are socially marginalised.
The written component attempts to underlabour in a philosophical sense for the artistic/creative element of the thesis. That is, it seeks to take on a range of theoretical issues that cluster around the practice of documentary photography. By clarifying these issues the thesis endeavours to act as a stimulus to artistic practice and also to explain and introduce that practice to a wider audience.
Among the theoretical issues addressed is the ontological status of the documentary photograph. Here, the thesis draws upon Roy Bhaskar's Critical Realism to suggest a rational alternative to postmodernist scepticism and naive realism.
The thesis also takes on a range of ethical problems. Most important of these is the question whether the relationship between the photographer and her subject is inherently exploitative. The thesis attempts, in this case, to unite Emmauel Levinas' philosophy of the Other with Critical Realist Ethics. Here, the thesis advances a novel differentiation of the Other and combines this with the Critical Realist notion of ontological depth. The argument of the thesis is that the nature of the contract between the photographer and her subject depends on which Other the subject is regarded as.
In addition, the thesis explores the social and gender dimensions of documentary photography concentrating in particular on the Farm Security Admininstration photography in America in the 1930s, and the radical self-imaging of the British photographer Jo Spence and the Pop Star Madonna.
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Opal, Jack A. "Documentary Photography and the Edge of the Sword." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1492608162938188.
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Opal, Jack A. "Rethinking Documentary Photography: Documentary and Politics in Times of Riots and Uprisings." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1366971692.
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Gwaze, Alex. "Public mirror: legitimizing 'social' photography as a contemporary discipline." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29561.
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With all the public information about any famous person, topic or event 'googleable’ on the Internet, there seems to be nothing new for 'digital natives’ to discover other than the elusive Self. The Self is the 'new frontier’ and the smartphone camera is at the forefront of this quest, unearthing and exhibiting different kinds of content everyday. With over 95 million photographs and videos shared on Instagram daily; Photography has merged with social networking sites and applications (SNS/A) to become a recognisable phenomenon called – 'Social’ Photography. Despite its rich association with legitimate visual art-forms and numerous scholarly articles examining it’s various forms – the term 'Social’ Photography is unfamiliar to most. This inquiry discusses 'Social’ Photography in relation to existing literature to argue for its establishment as a legitimate discipline within the Creative Arts. By acknowledging its subjectivity and utilization of digital technologies, this study employed an interpretive group of methods and identified six characteristics of 'Social’ Photography – namely, (i) Activity, (ii) Participation, (iii) Identity, (iv) Glamour, (v) Protest, and (vi) Spectacle – that exemplify its capacity to curate a meaningful democratic public image. These six aspects can be used to categorize and formalize individual behaviour that can be analysed and interpreted to foster a better understanding of 'Social’ Photography as a discipline.
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Turok, Karina. "Social skin : initiation through the bodily transformation of four South African women : an exploration using documentary photography." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17244.
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Bibliography: p. 92-93.My work questions social and cultural constructs of 'normality' and, by focusing on the practices of marginalised communities, questions dominant cultural conventions of female identity, beauty and sexuality. Within visual media, if the private or unsaid of female experience is said, it is seen as subversive. By focusing on four female initiations, my intention is to develop a specific yet complex comparison of different types of initiations. Embedded within the communities I have photographed are unique perceptions of beauty, each of which differs from mainstream notions. My intention is not to exoticise any particular community, but to explore some sub-cultures of female youth in South Africa, and to unfold how these women position themselves in post-Apartheid South Africa. An important component of the work is the relationship of the subject to the documentary process. I hope both to raise questions and also provide some answers concerning how the means of signification functions for the subjects. As the photographer of their transformation process, I am positioned as an outsider in their lives. As a means of acknowledging this, I include a series of photographs taken or directed by the women themselves, alongside my own. In doing so, my intention is to create a visual dialogue with the subjects, effectively offering them the opportunity to reply to my images with their own. This is not meant as a patronising gesture of political correctness, but as a means of attaining a more complete narrative while at the same time exploring complexities inherent in the play between 'inside' and 'outside' perspectives. My editing of their self-portraits positions me as a curator in this facet of the project.
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Flynn, Sarah Justine. "A 21st century campus aesthetic: photography, memory, performance." Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/15593.
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Master of Landscape ArchitectureDepartment of Landscape Architecture/Regional and Community Planning
Laurence A. Clement, Jr.
Advancements in technology, architecture, landscape, planning and design, and education are being pursued in the 21st century. Unfortunately, the campuses of higher education institutions, which promote such advancements, do not reflect the vision of innovation and creativity. Rather, the exterior environments on college campuses portray a 19th century gardenesque landscape aesthetic, which emphasizes a “park-like” appearance and discounts ecological functions. The Kansas State University campus evidences a gardenesque aesthetic that arguably is not performing socially or ecologically to its fullest potential. This Master’s Project and Report uses an open space on K-State’s campus, Coffman Commons, to challenge its aesthetic performance. Campus landscape aesthetic performance can be improved by designing a community amenity that celebrates ecological processes, especially regarding stormwater, and involves the campus community in the design process. A conceptual framework, rooted in the Vitruvian Triad, directs the project’s methodology. Methods of photojournalism and design are conducted. Photojournalism is used to collect aesthetic responses of Coffman Commons from K-State students, faculty, and staff. Their photographic and textual responses inform the design process. The photography method allows each participant to confer importance to aspects of the landscape that moved them. Through photographic coding and content analysis, commonalities are discovered in the landscape with which each person identifies. The participants’ written descriptions further inform an understanding of expectations and hopes for Coffman Commons. Influenced by the photographic research and guided by set goals and objectives, the design method allows the innovation of a contextually specific and personable design solution for Coffman Commons. The design exhibits two community amenities which invite social activity to Coffman Commons. The amenities incorporate visible water systems (rain gardens and dry swales) - increasing the ecological performance of the Commons, and provide research opportunities for piezoelectric technology. The design also features inscriptions which honor Dr. Coffman and K-State Distinguished Faculty. This Master’s Project and Report transforms a gardensque campus landscape into a high-performance landscape that responsibly manages stormwater and enriches user experience.
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Fahmy, Shahira. "Many images, one world : an analysis of photographic framing and photojournalists' attitudes of war and terrorism /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3099617.
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Campion, Britta Maree Art College of Fine Arts UNSW. "Photography as a method of visual sociology: An investigation of the potential of still photography as a method of visual sociology." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Art, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/42059.
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Ever since the camera was invented people have been using it as a tool to reflect and record the world around them. Photographic images have great potential to investigate different social practices and phenomena in the world. Photography, in its own right, is an extremely large area of study. Despite its relatively short history, photography has undergone a broad and complex evolution since it was invented in 1840. This paper does not aim to cover the comprehensive history of the development of photography in its many facets, it aims however to concentrate on a specific area of what has come to be termed visual sociology and the potential of the still photographic image as a primary tool within the field. Visual sociology is a marginal, experimental area of sociology, it is a field which has not been given due consideration by many sociologists due to its unscientific nature and one which remains unfamiliar to many social documentary photographers. This paper traces the history of visual sociology and explores its roots and links with social documentary photography. It explores the established methods of visual data collection that are utilised within the field of visual sociology. It also explores a further sub-discipline, urban sociology and the role of the image in investigation of urban phenomena. The resulting practical component of this research is an extensive urban photographic investigation shot over the period of one month in the city of Tokyo. The resulting series of images exist as a type of photographic visual map of city creatures ubiquitous in the urban environment. The series aims to constitute as a visual, cultural survey about an aspect of social life within the Japanese urban context.
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Tran, Michelle. "Standing in the shadow of the moon : a diaristic encounter with identity through my everyday /." Connect to thesis, 2009. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/8531.
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Art and lived experience are the key to my work. Standing in the Shadow of the Moon – A Diaristic Encounter With Identity Through My Everyday is an inquiry into the various possibilities for photography as a diaristic medium that blends the concepts of documentary and tableau photography, whilst exploring my identity. In this mode of expression, my project is an investigation into concepts of self-representation and subjectivity. What does it mean to create an enigmatic series of 'self-portraits' that are focused on those around me, those whom reflect me, but are not me?
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Meecham, Charles. "The Oldham Road Rephotography Project." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 2015. http://sure.sunderland.ac.uk/7076/.
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This PhD by prior publication comprises a major rephotography project undertaken in two phases (First View, 1986-89 and Second View, 2009-12), together with a written commentary. The project is based on an area along the A62 which connects Manchester to Oldham, a corridor route, which I considered invisible and between places, a seeming ‘non place’.1 The research questions how can topographic images made by adopting strategies of rephotography help to depict aspects of place that remain hidden in generic representations and how, in turn, this photographic record can be put to use. The accompanying critical commentary investigates how this project came to be realised, the photographic research methodologies employed, and relevant contextual frameworks together with the different contexts through which the work has been disseminated and shared. It considers what the practice of rephotography contributes as a visual research method when analysing the shifting topography of a specific urban corridor. Further to this, it suggests ways in which such rephotography can engage different audiences and communities in debate about lived experience of social and economic change. The First View photographic research project was initially conducted by making a series of visits to the area each year recording transformation through redevelopment projects and subtler changes such as incidental events on the street and the variations of seasons. The project took an ethnographic approach to human involvement with place and space (Massey, D. 1994) as well as drawing upon anthropological methods that employ photography as a research tool (Prosser, J. 1998). Outputs from this project demonstrate processes adopted and examples of the photography made. A selection of photographs from First View became a touring exhibition shown in Oldham and Manchester (1986-87) and then in London. A book was also published by the Architectural Association (1987) with a commentary written by Ian Jeffrey. The second view (2009-12) revisits the first survey and considers what happened after. I wanted to consider twenty five years on how the continued process of change may have increasingly eroded/altered the sense of place 1 This term derives from Marc Augé’s book, Lieux et Non-Lieux (2001). 6 within the community. Since the First View a number of external factors influenced how the research would continue. The political scene had changed with introduction of private initiatives and housing associations taking responsibility to manage and refurbish aging housing stock in the public sector closer to the Manchester and in areas towards Oldham. Further cleared areas remained undeveloped due to a major financial downturn. Also the adoption of digital technologies had changed how photography was made, viewed, and used. This led me to consider how the Second View could be more collaborative (Kester, G. 2011) and so modify my method and find new ways to interact with members of the community to help inform the work. Outputs included exhibitions at Gallery Oldham and The People’s History Museum, Manchester and an accompanying commentary written by Stephen Hanson. I also include reviews and examples of additional collaborative photography made and shown alongside the core exhibitions. Examples of the printed work are now housed in Oldham library (including the complete set of Second View exhibition prints, contact sheets and this written report). It is permanently accessible for public and academic use under a commons license. Although it can be argued that all photographic practice contains elements of rephotography, this project contributes to original knowledge through analysis of processes used to make the first long-term comparative and detailed photographic study of the Oldham Road as an area exemplifying shift from industrialisation to service provision. ‘Hermeneutic perspectives emphasise photographs as texts, demanding semantic and semiotic interpretation to determine meaning’ (Margolis and Rowe, 2012). The corridor is now undergoing further changes as new projects by housing associations and globalised business begin to fill the spaces left by previous clearances. My published work shows connections, continuities and breakages and new questions emerge about what values are worth preserving for a future community. I suggest that a continuing photographic element can contribute to an understanding of incidental detail that can influence a more sensitive management of infrastructure and potentially help residents adjust to change and thus maintain their sense of place.
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Rose, Kathleen A. "Environment "atmosphere" /." Online version of thesis, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11084.
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Ackerman, Catherine. ""Because social issues should be addressed" /." Online version of thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10916.
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Matzke, Alex. "If She Isn’t Working Miracles, What Is She Doing On The Battlefield?" VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4259.
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The images included in my thesis work reflect my experience growing up with military propaganda—pictures of cheerful white women in pearls as part of my rural middle American landscape. I do not name the oppressor because I am not here to pick at the thorns, but to get to the root of the oppression. These are some of the servicewomen I’ve met. Their stories parallel but cannot encompass the private experiences of all service women. I am grateful for their generosity; without them there would be no pictures.
The battle for equality is much older than Rosie the Riveter but we still ask the same questions we asked Joan of Arc in the 15th century: if she isn’t working miracles, what is she doing on the battlefield?
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Neal, Diane Rasmussen. "News photography image retrieval practices: Locus of control in two contexts." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5591/.
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This is the first known study to explore the image retrieval preferences of news photographers and news photo editors in work contexts. Survey participants (n=102) provided opinions regarding 11 photograph searching methods. The quantitative survey data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while content analysis was used to evaluate the qualitative survey data. In addition, news photographers and news photo editors (n=11) participated in interviews. Data from the interviews were analyzed with phenomenography. The survey data demonstrated that most participants prefer searching by events taking place in the photograph, objects that exist in the photograph, photographer-provided keywords, and relevant metadata, such as the date the picture was taken. They also prefer browsing. Respondents had mixed opinions about searching by emotions elicited in a photograph, as well as the environmental conditions represented in a photograph. Participants' lowest-rated methods included color and light, lines and shapes, and depth, shadow, or perspective. They also expressed little interest in technical information about a photograph, such as shutter speed and aperture. Interview participants' opinions about the search methods reflected the survey respondents' views. They discussed other aspects of news photography as well, including the stories told by the pictures, technical concerns about digital photography, and digital archiving and preservation issues. These stated preferences for keyword searching, browsing, and photographer-provided keywords illustrate a desire for a strong internal locus of control in digital photograph archives. Such methods allow users more control over access to their photographs, while the methods deemed less favorable by survey participants offer less control. Participants believe they can best find their photographs if they can control how they index and search for them. Therefore, it would be useful to design online photograph archives that allow users to control representation and access. Future research possibilities include determining the preferences of other image retrieval system users, performing user studies with moving image information retrieval systems, and uniting content-based and concept-based image retrieval research.
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Crinall, Karen Maree, University of Western Sydney, and Critical Social Sciences Research Group. "Imag(in)ing women as homeless : re/tracing socially concerned photography." THESIS_XXX_CSSRG_Crinall_K.xml, 2003. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/453.
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This thesis is primarily concerned with the meanings that are produced when women become visible amongst the homeless through photographic representations. While there have always been homeless women, unlike their male counterparts, they have remained largely invisible to the public and government policy makers.Social documentary photography has acted as one of the main avenues through which homeless women have, literally, been rendered visible. Driven by, and implicated in complex sociocultural and political circumstances, socially concerned photographs draw on the real and the fictional to generate truth/power effects.Thus, the thesis re/traces the representation of homeless women in a range of visual texts and ask how this construct has been discursively produced and deployed. In order to explore how socially concerned photography has contributed to, and made use of the idea of homeless, or destitute woman, examples are drawn from a range of photographic genres. These include traditional social documentary, public collections of photographs, photojournalism and publicity materials.The selected images, the circumstances out of which they emerge, and those in which they are read, are interrogated along, and with the consideration of the interconnections between axes of gender, genre, race, class and power. The inquiry does not aim to establish a unitary source, or coherent trajectory of the visual representation of the homeless woman, because origins, particularly of ideas, are always contestable. Rather, a primary aim is to expand the field of possibilities for the visual portrayal of women's experiences of homelessness.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Bingham, Stuart. "Photography and the Falklands Conflict : Homeric heroism in modern warfare." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2010. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/photography-and-the-falklands-conflict(89c4a0f2-f9a2-44e5-8db4-44e7f8d2f997).html.
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The Falklands Conflict has always loomed large throughout my adult life. As a young man of 19 years old, I watched the television and read the newspapers with the same degree of excitement and fascination as most of the British population. In the following year, as a direct result of the passion and glory that surrounded the war I joined the British Army as a Royal Military Policeman. It quickly became apparent to myself, if not the military, that this was a poor career choice and that I was never cut out to be a soldier. After a military career lasting no more than a few weeks I went to college and started life as a photographer, joining the Ministry of Defence in the late 1980s. Since then, I have made numerous visits to the Falkland Islands to publicise the work of the soldiers who now defend the islands from any threat of re-invasion. Looking back, it seems that the war was over remarkably quickly, and by modern standards, where the war in Afghanistan is projected to last anything between 10 and 20 years, it was. It has often been described as Britain's last colonial war, the last in a long line of small conflicts that expanded and defended the British Empire. Attitudes to war in the South Atlantic developed in a bubble of patriotism and jingoism that has not been seen since and such attitudes now seem to be forged in imperialism, in a time long past and no longer available to representatives of British culture. However, on a wider stage, the representation of all wars and the men who fight in them has a long history. Each culture has its own way of coming to terms with conflict and death, but in the western world, the origins of the representation of the warrior can be traced back to the Ancient Greeks in general, and Homer in particular. Dr. Jonathan Shay, a psychiatrist with the United States Department of Veteran Affairs has made a compelling argument that breaking the Greek covenant has had lasting implications for the veterans of the Vietnam War. (Shay 1995) This psychoanalytical work has helped provide a model of representation that explains why soldiers are portrayed in the way they are. Without the work of Dr. Shay, I am sure that this thesis would not have taken the course that it has. In pursuing this thesis I have had to accept that there may be implications, perceived or real, for my ongoing work as photographer with the Ministry of Defence. The MoD has in various measures supported this research and to date has made no attempt to direct its course or influence the findings; in fact, at the point of submission, they are unaware of its contents. It is clear, that in this type of research, not all the findings will reflect well on the MoD's past or current working practices, but I believe it is possible for it to learn from the results. My position as an MoD photographer has on the other hand had a positive benefit on the research: I have been able to gain access to archives that have remained closed to others. Hilary Roberts, Head of Photography Collections at the Imperial War Museum, has been very influential in this work and has given me more co-operation and trust than I could have hoped for. She has also allowed me more time to present this work than I could have dared asked for given the nature of the images found in the IWM archive, and that the research spanned the 25 th anniversary celebrations. I remain grateful to Hilary for her unstinting support. Finally, I would like to thank Dr lan Walker for his support and supervisor expertise over far too may years. He has read and re-read this work more times than I care to remember and has remained perennially patient with my inabilities to either type or spell, a problem that has made his job all the more difficult. The research and the writing faltered on several occasions, some more serious than others, but without his skill in getting me to do things that, quite frankly, I really did not want to do, this project would never have been completed. It is to Ian that I hold the deepest debt of gratitude.
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Wang, Han-Chih. "The Profane and Profound: American Road Photography from 1930 to the Present." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2017. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/468625.
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Art HistoryPh.D.
This dissertation historicizes the enduring marriage between photography and the American road trip. In considering and proposing the road as a photographic genre with its tradition and transformation, I investigate the ways in which road photography makes artistic statements about the road as a visual form, while providing a range of commentary about American culture over time, such as frontiersmanship and wanderlust, issues and themes of the automobile, highway, and roadside culture, concepts of human intervention in the environment, and reflections of the ordinary and sublime, among others. Based on chronological order, this dissertation focuses on the photographic books or series that depict and engage the American road. The first two chapters focus on road photographs in the 1930s and 1950s, Walker Evans’s American Photographs, 1938; Dorothea Lange’s An American Exodus: A Record of Human Erosion, 1939; and Robert Frank’s The Americans, 1958/1959. Evans dedicated himself to depicting automobile landscapes and the roadside. Lange concentrated on documenting migrants on the highway traveling westward to California. By examining Frank’s photographs and comparing them with photographs by Evans and Lange, the formal and contextual connections and differences between the photographs in these two decades, the 1930s and the 1950s, become evident. Further analysis of the many automobile and highway images from The Americans manifests Frank’s commentary on postwar America during his cross-country road trip—the drive-in theater, jukebox, highway fatality, segregation, and social inequality. Chapter 3 analyzes Ed Ruscha’s photographic series related to driving and the roadside, including Twentysix Gasoline Stations, 1962 and Royal Road Test, 1967. The chapter also looks at Lee Friedlander’s photographs taken on the road into the mid-1970s. Although both were indebted to the earlier tradition of Evans and Frank, Ruscha and Friedlander took different directions, representing two sets of artistic values and photographic approaches. Ruscha manifested the Pop art and Conceptualist affinity, while Friedlander exemplified the snapshot yet sophisticated formalist style. Chapter 4 reexamines road photographs of the 1970s and 1980s with emphasis on two road trip series by Stephen Shore. The first, American Surfaces, 1972 demonstrates an affinity of Pop art and Frank’s snapshot. Shore’s Uncommon Places, 1982, regenerates the formalist and analytical view exemplified by Evans with a large 8-by-10 camera. Shore’s work not only illustrates the emergence of color photography in the art world but also reconsiders the transformation of the American landscape, particularly evidenced in the seminal exhibition titled New Topographics: A Man-Altered Landscape, 1975. I also compare Shore’s work with the ones by his contemporaries, such as Robert Adams, William Eggleston, and Joel Sternfeld, to demonstrate how their images share common ground but translate nuanced agendas respectively. By reintroducing both Evans’s and Frank’s legacies in his work, Shore more consciously engaged with this photographic road trip tradition. Chapter 5 investigates a selection of photographic series from 1990 to the present to revisit the ways in which the symbolism of the road evolves, as well as how artists represent the driving and roadscapes. These are evident in such works as Catherine Opie’s Freeway Series, 1994–1995; Andrew Bush’s Vector Portraits, 1989–1997; Martha Rosler’s The Rights of Passage, 1995; and Amy Stein’s Stranded, 2010. Furthermore, since the late 1990s, Friedlander developed a series titled America by Car, 2010, incorporating the driving vision taken from the inside seat of a car. His idiosyncratic inclusion of the side-view mirror, reflections, and self-presence is a consistent theme throughout his career, embodying a multilayered sense of time and place: the past, present, and future, as well as the inside space and outside world of a car. Works by artists listed above exemplify that road photography is a complex and ongoing interaction of observation, imagination, and intention. Photographers continue to re-enact and reformulate the photographic tradition of the American road trip.
Temple University--Theses
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Finnegan, Cara Anne. "Circulating images : visual rhetorics of poverty in Farm Security Administration documentary photography /." Evanston, Ill. : Northwestern University, 1999. http://swbplus.bsz-bw.de/bsz264783905inh.pdf.
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Deacon, Henry Christopher. "The perspective of Cape Town professional photographers on issues of integrity in the documentary photograph." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1312.
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Thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree
Magister of Technology: Design
in the Faculty of Informatics and Design
at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology
2013This study investigates the perspective of Capetonian professional photographers on issues of integrity, regarding the impact of digital imaging technology. Key objectives are to establish how the concept of photographic integrity manifests itself throughout the history of the documentary genre, prior and subsequent to the introduction of digital imaging technology; to ascertain the extent to which the Capetonian professional photographer uses digital imaging technology compared to film technology; to discover how Capetonian professional photographers perceive various concepts related to integrity in a documentary photograph; to identify what Capetonian professional photographers regard as acceptable digital editing to the photojournalistic documentary photograph; to ascertain whether Capetonian professional photographers believe that digital imaging technology impacted on the integrity of the documentary photograph; and finally, to discern whether Capetonian professional photographers who have practiced professional photojournalism see the need for a national regulating body, which clearly makes known what acceptable picture taking (in terms of content, e.g. staging of a photograph) and digital editing entails, for the South African photojournalist. The rationale for this study is that we exist in an era where we are faced with a digital revolution which transforms perceptions of integrity and it is essential to ascertain how technology influences the perceptions of the very professionals who produce documentary photography images. The literature review evolves a context for this study. This empirical study’s data collection and analyses has a mixed-method design. The survey’s instrument of data collection is a questionnaire, which captured quantitative data and with half of one question captures qualitative data. I analysed quantitative data with the help of SPSS and I analysed qualitative data much akin to a case study. The statistical test used to analyse quantitative data is a chi-square test and there are 66 participants in the study. I found that a breach of integrity, for instance manipulation, was always possible in the era prior to the introduction of digital imaging technology. Now it is only done faster, more thorough and more people have access to editing technology. Many who lack moral fiber are tempted now, more than ever, to illicitly manipulate. Capetonian professional photographer’s experience in digital image creation and editing technology outweighs the equivalent in the film medium. Digital camera usage takes precedence over film cameras. An example of a perception of a concept related to integrity in documentary photography is the sub-group which has practiced professional photojournalism insisted (73.5% of them strongly agreed) that it is possible to be creative and truthful at the same time in documentary photography. With regard to what acceptable editing entails, for cropping respondents favoured slight cropping; for dodging and burning in respondents favoured very light dodging and burning in; for pasting in respondents favoured no pasting in is acceptable; and for removing of objects respondents favoured no removing of objects. The Capetonian professional photographer believes that digital imaging technology has impacted on the integrity of the documentary photograph. For instance, the study has measured and proved that a majority of Capetonian professional photographers believe that a documentary essay taken in film and processed in the traditional darkroom feels more consistently trustworthy than its digital equivalent. This study has shown that there is a need for a body that clearly makes known what acceptable picture taking and digital editing entails for the professional photojournalistic photographer in South Africa.
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ANDRADE, JOAQUIM MARCAL FERREIRA DE. "THE ORIGINS OF PHOTOJOURNALISM IN BRAZIL: PHOTOGRAPHY IN THE RIO DE JANEIRO PRESS, 1839-1900." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2002. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=3977@1.
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CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOA dissertação baseia-se em pesquisa exploratória, discorrendo sobre o período em que a imagem fotográfica começa a ser incorporada pela imprensa periódica ilustrada da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Assim, fazem parte do universo desta pesquisa as publicações saídas entre 1839 (ano do anúncio da descoberta do daguerreótipo, primeiro processo fotográfico patenteado e explorado comercialmente no mundo) e 1900, derradeiro ano de um século marcante sob inúmeros aspectos e momento em que o país inicia a segunda década do regime republicano, em meio a transformações políticas, econômicas, sociais e culturais que, naturalmente, se refletiriam na imprensa. Na virada do século, o fato dos processos de reprodução fotomecânica já estarem técnica e comercialmente resolvidos e o fato da tecnologia da própria fotografia haver sido extremamente aperfeiçoada, vão implicar - com certo atraso em relação aos centros mais avançados - uma mudança de atitude quanto ao uso da fotografia na imprensa ilustrada carioca do século XX - distanciando- a, finalmente, da caricatura e conferindo-lhe uma gradual autonomia como meio de comunicação e expressão. Foram examinadas as coleções de 1.126 periódicos publicados na cidade do Rio de Janeiro no período, integrantes das coleções em microfilme da Fundação Biblioteca Nacional. O trabalho visou detectar as primeiras utilizações da fotografia, contextualizando-as minimamente - inclusive do ponto de vista das tecnologias empregadas - além de destacar dois marcos no processo de incorporação da fotografia pela imprensa ilustrada, o primeiro em A Semana Illustrada (1860-1876) e o segundo em O Besouro (1877-1878).
The dissertation is based on exploratory research, covering the period during which the photographic image starts to be incorporated by the illustrated periodical press in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Thus the universe of the present research includes all periodical publications locally printed between 1839 (the year of the announcement of the invention of the daguerreotype - the first photographic process to be patented and commercially explored in the world) and 1900, which marks the end of an outstanding century under several aspects, when the country starts its second decade under the new republican regime, going through severe political, economical, social and cultural changes which, naturally, were reflected in the press.By the turn of the century, the fact that photomechanical processes were both technically and commercially well developed and also the fact that photographic technology had been quite perfected, would give raise to a change in attitude on what concerns the uses of photography in early XXth century s Rio de Janeiro illustrated periodical press. Photography finally moved away from caricature and reached a gradual autonomy as a means of communication and expression. One thousand, one hundred and twenty six collections of periodicals published in the city of Rio de Janeiro (which belong to the microfilm collections of the National Library) were examined. The work aimed at detecting the first uses of photography, putting them into minimum context - including the technologies employed. It also distinguishes two relevant marks in the process of photography s incorporation by the local illustrated press - the first in A Semana Ilustrada (1860-1876) and the second in O Besouro (1877-1878).
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Midberry, Jennifer. "Visual Frames of War Photojournalism, Empathy, Compassion, and Information Seeking." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/377417.
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Media & CommunicationPh.D.
Although it has long been assumed that pictures depicting the human suffering of war evoke empathy and compassion, which leads to social action, there is little empirical evidence of that claim. This study aimed to fill the gap in visual communication theory about the effects of war photojournalism on media consumers' emotional and behavioral responses. This mixed methods design included a between-subjects experimental design tested whether photos (from conflicts in Afghanistan and the Democratic Republic of Congo) with a human-cost-of-war visual frame had significantly different effects on participants' levels of empathy, compassion, personal distress, other-oriented distress, and information seeking than pictures with a militarism visual frame. A second study used series of focus group discussions, to investigate how media consumers make meaning out of images of conflict. The findings expand our understanding about the way audiences react to conflict photos, and they have implications for how photo editors might present audiences with images of war that will engage audiences.
Temple University--Theses
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Speake, Terry. "What is wrong with disability imagery? : towards a new praxis of social documentary photography." Thesis, University of Bolton, 2012. http://ubir.bolton.ac.uk/609/.
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This critical appraisal presents the processes and outcomes of a coherent research programme carried out between June 2008 and June 2011 that interrogates the representation of disabled people through in-depth, practice-led case study and analysis, leading to the formulation of a praxis framework for presenting collaborative social documentary photography practices associated with disability. Through the systematic production of bodies of commissioned and personal projects, both successful and unsuccessful, an epistemology of practice is presented that constitutes an independent and original contribution to knowledge. This practice-led research investigates claims that photographic images of disabled people often fail to represent individuals as empowered members of society because of societal references to stereotyped constructions of 'otherness' defined by negative signs of their disability. In order to question this, polemics from disability rights commentators who have referred to, but failed to engage fully with discourses surrounding photographic ontologies and professional practices, thereby constructing a binary line between disabled subjects and their image-makers, are challenged. The implication in their arguments is that photographers have been participating, knowingly or unknowingly, in disablist practices, contributing to the 'othering' of disabled people. By taking an interdisciplinary approach, co-locating photography and disability studies' theoretical frames within the trope of collaborative social documentary practice, orthodoxies surrounding representational outcomes are challenged by investing disabled people with the responsibility for the construction of their own images. Therefore, it contributes to the body of photographic theory concerning representations of the 'other' demonstrating that collaboration is a complex landscape of asymmetrical power structures on many levels -client, photographer, subject, audience - that are difficult to stabilise. By demonstrating synergy between academic theory and professional practice through publication, exhibition and critical discourse, this investigation informs and gives voice to disabled people themselves. Moreover, it adds to, and stimulates scholarly debate on a high-profile public matter by informing policy-makers, health professionals, commissioners and photographers on a controversial area of representation.
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Belknap, Geoffrey David. "'From a photograph' : photography and the periodical print press 1870-1890." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609850.
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Bodstein, Celso Luiz Figueiredo. "Fotojornalismo e a ficcionalidade no cotidiano." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/285047.
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Orientador: Fernando Cury de TaccaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes
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Resumo: Propõe-se neste trabalho detectar uma categoria do fotojornalismo, de rara circulação - o da ¿imagem-literária¿ -, capaz de oferecer ao jornalismo impresso substratos de novas contemporaneidades. Tais imagens se expandem para além dos valores-notícia tradicionais do fotojornalismo. Mesclam as categorias arcaicas do Jornalismo ¿ informação, opinião e interpretação -, e produzem encenações que podem remeter o olhar a conteúdos mais complexos da estrutura de seus referentes. Dialogam, assim, com códigos próprios à fotografia não dirigida à mídia informativa. A validação dessas imagens emergentes está ligada à atribuição de significados ao mundo factual - símbolos que não apenas comparecem à imagem como desígnio peirciano, mas, sobretudo, como gêneses imagéticas que se encaminham a campos densos do imaginário onde, crê-se, habitam os sentidos mais fundamentais da experiência humana. A primeira parte do trabalho constitui diagnóstico das estruturas que definem padrões para a produção de fotojornalismo no Brasil: editores, fotógrafos e um ombudsman da imprensa escrita são confrontados e têm suas premissas encaminhadas para validar a teoria de uma crise na representação de factualidades. A observação é a de que ainda aceitamos um paradigma anacrônico de apego a realismos, com o qual os jornais institucionalizam promessas de desvelar o mundo a cada edição. Tal abordagem implica ainda em observações pessimistas acerca da formação acadêmica do fotojornalista. Ressalta-se a necessidade de discutir uma meta-ética, onde o fotógrafo compreenda-se ego-histórico de seu tempo e elabore hermenêuticas do cotidiano. Na segunda parte do trabalho são expostas e analisadas 27 imagens do proposto Fotojornalismo-literário, colecionadas a partir de investigação nos últimos anos em jornais estrangeiros e nacionais, notadamente a Folha de S.Paulo
Abstract: The purpose of the present study is to draw into a rare category of photojournalism ¿ the ¿literary image¿ ¿ which is able to offer the printed media evidences of new contemporary facts. The literary image unfolds itself beyond the traditional informative value of photojournalism. It blends the archaic journalistic categories ¿ information, opinion, interpretation ¿ and produces narratives which might submit one¿s perception to more complex structural aspects of its referent. Therefore, it invokes photography codes not displayed in informative media. These emergent images validation is connected to attribution of signification to the factual world ¿ symbols which not only appear in the image as peircean designs but, above all, as image genesis which flows to dense imaginary fields where the most fundamental human experience senses reside. The first part of the study establishes defining photojournalism production structure in Brazil: editors, photographers, and a written press ombudsman are confronted and have their premises directed to validate the factuality representation crisis theory. The argument is that we still accept an outdated paradigm of attachment to realism - the same with which the newspapers institutionalise promises of unveiling the world in each and every edition - resulting in pessimistic remarks concerning photojournalists academic background. It is highlighted here the need of discussing a meta-ethics in which the photographer thinks him or herself as a historical subject of their own era and elaborates daily life hermeneutics. The second part of the study exhibits and analyses 27 Literary photojournalism images collected from foreign and Brazilian newspapers, especially Folha de S. Paulo
Doutorado
Doutor em Multimeios
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De, Carli Anelise Angeli. "Imagens entre a fotografia e o jornalismo: uma leitura simbólica do fotojornalismo premiado." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/132839.
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Esta dissertação caminha pelas fotografias premiadas na última década (2005-2015) do World Press Photo para discutir os aspectos contemporâneos da produção fotojornalística. O substrato teórico parte do sistema imaginário de Gilbert Durand e da complexidade de Edgar Morin para encontrar a epistemologia do jornalismo e da fotografia com autores como Vilém Flusser, Philippe Dubois e Roland Barthes. Percebemos uma inclinação na produção recente do fotojornalismo em produzir narrativas mais elaboradas e simbólicas em lugar das tendências no final do século XX, como a estética do choque a foto flagrante. A hipótese é que os fotojornalistas recentemente prefiram apostar na produção simbólica para não reduzir os acontecimentos a dados informativos.This text walks through the winner photographies in the last decade (2005-2015) of the World Press Photo to discuss contemporary aspects of photojournalistic production. From the theoretical basis of Gilbert Durand’s imaginary system and Edgar Morin’s complex thought, we find the epistemology of journalism and photography with authors like Vilém Flusser, Philippe Dubois and Roland Barthes. We noticed a shift in the recent production of photojournalism by the elaboration of more narrative and symbolic pieces rather than late XXth century trends as the aesthetics of shock and photo flagrant. The hypothesis is that the recently photojournalists prefer to bet on symbolic production to not reduce the complexity of the events into informative data.
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Selser, Jayne Marie. "Mystery in a Common Place: A Supporting Paper for a Graduate Exhibition." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2001. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-0419101-125304/unrestricted/selser0427.pdf.
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Stumberger, Rudolf. "Klassen-Bilder : sozialdokumentarische Fotografie 1900 - 1945 /." Konstanz : UVK-Verl.-Ges, 2007. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2961071&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Ingmire, George. "Life is a One-Way Ticket: Herman Leonard's Eightieth Birthday Celebration." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2004. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/74.
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Life is a One-Way Ticket is a twenty-three minute documentary about jazz photographer Herman Leonard's 80th birthday party. The event took place at Rosy's Jazz Hall, a club in the uptown section of New Orleans where musicians including Ella Fitzgerald, Dizzy Gillespie and Stevie Wonder once performed. Within the documentary, I show the celebration as an analogy for the life of Herman Leonard. In short but moving passages, Herman Leonard reflects upon the nature of his longevity, the world today, and the "luck" he has had with photography. In addition to the voice of Herman Leonard, interviews with Herman Leonard's friends and family show him as both a world-class photographer and the down-toearth human being. Upon completion of the documentary, the final cut will be authored onto a DVD. This will allow for extra features, including an extended interview with Herman Leonard.
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Crinall, Karen Maree. "Imag(in)ing women as homeless : re/tracing socially concerned photography /." View thesis, 2003. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20041103.175604/index.html.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Western Sydney, 2003."A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Critical Social Sciences Research Group, University of Western Sydney" Bibliography : leaves 312-335.
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Cabuts, Paul. "Image and imagination : creative photography and the South Wales Valleys." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2008. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/image-and-imagination(ef47939f-0e3e-4ef9-8d40-415503cfb066).html.
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Image and Imagination: Creative Photography and the South Wales Valleys, explores the development of practices within photography undertaken in and about the South Wales Valleys during the second half of the twentieth century. Central to this study is an examination of the work of the American photographer W. Eugene Smith, who photographed in the Valleys in 1950, and how his practice influenced the wider development of 'creative photography'. The term 'creative photography' is applied here as a description of photography during a period of its transition, moving beyond a recognised position as a pragmatic communicative medium, toward its wider acknowledgement as a significant form of artistic expression. This study considers a range of processes through which photography largely achieved this acceptance. Particular consideration is given to the development of Smith's career, and how his work moved between ever shifting photo-journalistic and photo-art contexts. Photographers working in the Valleys subsequent to Smith are also examined, including those engaged in the Valleys Project' undertaken during the I980's. This study reveals how social, economic and political factors not only shaped Smith's work, but also shaped the increasingly varied modes of photographic representation seen in the latter part of the twentieth century. The study initially considers the South Wales of the mid-twentieth century and how both cinematic and photographic imagery of the region in the decades prior to 1950 engendered particular photographic responses from later visitors. The national and international contexts for the developments in photographic practice such as magazine and book publishing, along with the growing institutional advocacy for exhibiting photography are also examined. The study concludes with an evaluation of the current status of photographic practice relating to the Valleys of South Wales.
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Stacchio, Lorenzo. "Detecting social patterns within 20th century documentary photos: a deep learning based approach." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/21552/.
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The job of a historian is to understand what happened in the past, resorting in many cases to written documents as a firsthand source of information.
Text, however, does not amount to the only source of knowledge. Pictorial representations, in fact, have also accompanied the main events of the historical timeline. In particular, the opportunity of visually representing circumstances has bloomed since the invention of photography, with the possibility of capturing in real-time the occurrence of a specific events.
Thanks to the widespread use of digital technologies (e.g. smartphones and digital cameras), networking capabilities and consequent availability of multimedia content, the academic and industrial research communities have developed artificial intelligence (AI) paradigms with the aim of inferring, transferring and creating new layers of information from images, videos, etc.
Now, while AI communities are devoting much of their attention to analyze digital images, from an historical research standpoint more interesting results may be obtained analyzing analog images representing the pre-digital era.
Within the aforementioned scenario, the aim of this work is to analyze a collection of analog documentary photographs, building upon state-of-the-art deep learning techniques.
In particular, the analysis carried out in this thesis aims at producing two following results: (a) produce the date of an image, and, (b) recognizing its background socio-cultural context,as defined by a group of historical-sociological researchers.
Given these premises, the contribution of this work amounts to: (i) the introduction of an historical dataset including images of “Family Album” among all the twentieth century, (ii) the introduction of a new classification task regarding the identification of the socio-cultural context of an image, (iii) the exploitation of different deep learning architectures to perform the image dating and the image socio-cultural context classification.
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Dinucci, Gina [UNESP]. "O cinza e a carne: imagens do Conjunto Habitacional Zezinho Magalhães Prado." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86895.
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo a apresentação, investigação e leitura da série de fotografias intitulada O Cinza e a Carne, bem como o diálogo entre as referidas imagens e reflexões sobre as capacidades documentais e artísticas da linguagem fotográfica. Para fundamentar tal abordagem, buscou-se aliar um instrumental teórico referente a discursos e conceitos que acompanham a trajetória da fotografia, ao relato da Autora sobre o processo de criação e produção das imagens. A dissertação está, portanto, dividida em três partes: a primeira, com a exposição das fotografias, em um formato de livro de imagens; a segunda, com todo referencial teórico sobre a linguagem fotográfica e a terceira, com o relato das experiências de morar no Parque Cecap e fotografá-lo, além da leitura das imagens
Esta pesquisa tiene como objetivo la presentación, investigación y lectura de la serie de fotografías titulada El Gris y la Carne, bien como el diálogo entre éstas imágenes y reflexiones sobre las capacidades documentales y artísticas del lenguaje fotográfico. Para fundamentar tal abordaje, se ha buscado combinar un instrumental teórico referente a discursos y conceptos que acompañan la trayectoria de la fotografía, a el relato de la Autora acerca del proceso de creación y producción de las imágenes. La disertación está, así, dividida en tres partes: la primera, con la exposición de las fotografías, en un formato de libro de imágenes; la segunda, con todo referencial teórico sobre el lenguaje fotográfico y la tercera, con el relato de las experiencias de vivir en el Parque Cecap y fotografiarlo, además de la lectura de de las imágenes
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Horta, Paula. "Portrait and documentary photography in post-apartheid South Africa : (hi)stories of past and present." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2011. http://research.gold.ac.uk/6491/.
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This thesis will explore how South African portrait and documentary photography produced between 1994 and 2004 has contributed to a wider understanding of the country’s painful past and, for some, hopeful, for others, bleak present. In particular, it will examine two South African photographic works which are paradigmatic of the political and social changes that marked the first decade after the fall of apartheid, focusing on the empowerment of both photographers and subjects. The first, Jillian Edelstein’s (2001) Truth & Lies: Stories from the Truth and Reconciliation Commission in South Africa, captures the faces and records the stories of perpetrators and victims who gave their testimonies to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission in South Africa from 1996 to 2000. The second, Adam Broomberg and Oliver Chanarin’s (2004a) Mr. Mkhize’s Portrait & Other Stories from the New South Africa, documents the changed/ unchanged realities of a democratic country ten years after apartheid. The work of these photographers is showcased for its specificity, historicity and uniqueness. In both works the images are charged with emotion. Viewed on their own — uncaptioned — the photographs have the capacity to unsettle the viewer, but in both cases a compelling intermeshing of image and text heightens their resonance and enables further possibilities for interpretation. In their contributions to the critical theory of photography Roland Barthes, Victor Burgin and Max Kozloff underscore the centrality of the interplay between image and text in the meaning-making process anchoring a critical engagement with photography. Burgin (1982) states that “Even the uncaptioned photograph, framed and isolated on a gallery, is invaded by language when it is looked at”, and Kozloff (1987) claims that “However they are perceived, images have to be mediated by words”. This thesis singles out emotionally charged and forceful photographs in Edelstein, Broomberg and Chanarin’s repertoire to consider both the complex process of the construction and interpretation of photographic meaning and question if/when photographs do, in fact, depend on language. Central to the architecture of photography is the layering of the representations, firstly through the specific photographic language and form of address which characterises the portrait genre, and secondly through the verbal text accompanying the images. I argue that the viewer’s experience of the photograph unfolds at two distinct moments of viewing. The first moment is defined by the “raw” encounter with the photograph — mediated by an affective response to its emotional or symbolic content — and the second moment encompasses the response to the photograph’s compositional elements, or signifying units, in articulation with the text/narrative accompanying it. This analysis brings to the fore the relation and exchange between photographer and subject and, ultimately, between photographer, subject and viewer. Emmanuel Levinas and Hannah Arendt’s theoretical insights provide a platform for exploring the lived, concrete experience of ethical choice and action at the core of the photographer–subject-viewer humanistic triangulated relationship. Germane to this discussion, Ariella Azoulay’s (2008) conception of “the civil contract of photography” extends the possibility of questioning and/or examining, firstly, the complex intertwining roles of the several participants in the photographic act/encounter and, secondly, the photographic image as an intercultural nexus wherein photographer, subject and viewer meet. The triangulation of photographer-subject-viewer, which constitutes the guiding thread of this study, is further explored and illuminated from the perspective of Mikhail Bakhtin’s conceptualisation of the “utterance”, enabling me to engage with the dialogical dimension of photographic practice. The affinities between Levinas and Bakhtin — two philosophers of alterity — revealed through a common language of responsibility in the relation with the other, inform my reading and discussion of the ethical project of photography in post-apartheid South Africa. Phenomenology, narrative theory and social semiotic visual analysis guide the methodology adopted in this study, creating a synergy between a reflective/dialogical, a discursive/sociological and a more semiological/aesthetic approach. From this perspective, my concern will be in establishing the interdisciplinarity between Visual Culture and Cultural Studies and, in so doing, I will explore the relationship between the photograph, documentary practice, social processes, modes of representation and/or visual testimony, confirming Irit Rogoff’s (1998) claim that “[I]mages do not stay within discrete disciplinary fields (…), since neither the eye nor the psyche operates along or recognizes such divisions. Instead they provide the opportunity for a mode of new cultural writing existing at the intersections of both objectivities and subjectivities”.
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Làzaro, Angelique Maria. "An informed community's perception of the impact of digital technology on the credibility of news photography." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002905.
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South African photojournalists’ perception of digital technology’s impact on the credibility of news photographs is investigated in this study. Digital technology has the capabilities to produce “manipulated” photographs that appear realistic and credible. Credibility is dependent on a variety of factors including codes of realism and codes of production, which fit conventional codes of photographic representation. Manipulation is the act of deviating from accepted codes of photographic representation that may jeopardise the credibility of news photography. This thesis proposes a new theoretical framework that encompasses existing theories of semiotics, ideology, naturalism, realism and credibility. These theories underpin the definitions and discussion on manipulation and credibility. A descriptive survey is used which attempts to discover photojournalists’ views towards credibility. This research draws on qualitative research methods using a largely qualitative questionnaire, which generates both qualitative and quantitative data. The questions are formulated around two case studies of digitally manipulated photographs. The trends and responses in the research data are connected and discussed. The findings of this study are discussed in terms of credibility, awareness of the digital changes, the reason for the changes, the role of a caption, deletion techniques and background changes. The empirical situation is analysed in relation to the theoretical discussions and this study’s theorisation of photographic representation.
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Yerén, Mendoza Rocío Pamela. "Análisis del tratamiento periodístico de las fotografías de los diarios El Comercio y La República durante la campaña presidencial del año 2016." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/626112.
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El presente trabajo de investigación está enfocado a analizar las distintas fotografías impresas que usaron los periódicos peruanos El Comercio y La República para acompañar sus noticias políticas durante el periodo de la segunda vuelta electoral entre Keiko Fujimori y Pedro Pablo Kuczynski en el 2016. En ese sentido, se busca probar la idea de que la imagen junto a su leyenda puede ser un elemento independiende e importante, que desde su preciso análisis ayuda a determinar la inclinación política del medio.The present research work is focused on analyzing the different printed photographs used by Peruvian newspapers El Comercio and La República to accompany their political news during the period of the second round of elections between Keiko Fujimori and Pedro Pablo Kuczynski in 2016. In that sense , it seeks to prove the idea that the image together with its legend can be an independent and important element, that from its precise analysis helps determine the political inclination of the newspapers.
Tesis
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Davey, Gerald John. "Understanding Photographic Representation : Method and Meaning in the Interpretation of Photographs." Diss., University of Iowa, 1992. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5372.
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The "linguistic turn" in early twentieth-century philosophy established that through language we not only live in a world but create it as well. Language, in this sense, incorporates the entire range of media and cultural artifacts through which we create and share meaning. In contemporary post-industrial societies, photographic images play a central role in communicating and creating the world in which we live. In part, this increasingly visually oriented culture is possible because we tend to equate what we see in photographs with what is real. Photographs, however, bring to light a vision of the world, not the world itself. From the inception of photography, traditions of aesthetic interpretation have challenged this dominant view. Here, the created image becomes a vehicle for the artist's unique expression. Proponents of social scientific and critique of ideology perspectives, however, reject the aesthetic view and typically see art objects as social constructs, instruments which enhance and maintain a certain social order. Each of these perspectives ultimately holds that the meaning of photographs can be determined objectively. At the same time, each presents a world view which tends to exclude the insights of the others. Any attempt to preserve the apparent insights of these views must, then, transcend the basic contradictions and incompatibilities between them. Philosophical hermeneutics holds that the presumption of an absolute, objective grounding represents a failure to grasp the nature of the path toward understanding, a path which can never arrive at its destination because it always exists in history. It argues that (1) the photograph cannot be transparent to the world for the world is constituted in our representations of it; (2) art is a creation whose origin and meaning always exceeds the artist's own understanding of it; (3) critique is not the application of universal reason but a reading from a particular vantage point and is always grounded in a tradition of its own. Most importantly, however, it calls us to recognize the participatory nature of all understanding, the universality of language and provides a criterion for assessing the relative value of our interpretations across the entire language world.