Relevant bibliographies by topics / Photoreactor

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  1. Journal articles

Academic literature on the topic 'Photoreactor'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 13 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Photoreactor"

1

Kayahan, Emine, Mathias Jacobs, Leen Braeken, et al. "Dawn of a new era in industrial photochemistry: the scale-up of micro- and mesostructured photoreactors." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 16 (October 8, 2020): 2484–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.16.202.

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Photochemical activation routes are gaining the attention of the scientific community since they can offer an alternative to the traditional chemical industry that mainly utilizes thermochemical activation of molecules. Photoreactions are fast and selective, which would potentially reduce the downstream costs significantly if the process is optimized properly. With the transition towards green chemistry, the traditional batch photoreactor operation is becoming abundant in this field. Process intensification efforts led to micro- and mesostructured flow photoreactors. In this work, we are reviewing structured photoreactors by elaborating on the bottleneck of this field: the development of an efficient scale-up strategy. In line with this, micro- and mesostructured bench-scale photoreactors were evaluated based on a new benchmark called photochemical space time yield (mol·day−1·kW−1), which takes into account the energy efficiency of the photoreactors. It was manifested that along with the selection of the photoreactor dimensions and an appropriate light source, optimization of the process conditions, such as the residence time and the concentration of the photoactive molecule is also crucial for an efficient photoreactor operation. In this paper, we are aiming to give a comprehensive understanding for scale-up strategies by benchmarking selected photoreactors and by discussing transport phenomena in several other photoreactors.
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2

Beltrán, Fernando J., Javier Rivas, and Juan-Fernando Garcia-Araya. "Six Flux Model for the Central Lamp Reactor Applied to an External Four-Lamp Reactor." Catalysts 11, no. 10 (2021): 1190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11101190.

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One of the difficulties of establishing the intrinsic kinetics of photocatalytic oxidation processes is due to the complex mathematical formula used to determine the rate of photon absorption. To solve this problem, some models have been proposed and checked, such as the Six Flux Model (SFM) confirmed in central lamp photoreactors. External lamp photoreactors are also one of the most used configurations to study the photocatalytic oxidation of contaminants in water, and complex mathematical solutions have been reported to solve the rate of photon absorption. In this work, SFM Equations already reported for the central lamp photoreactor have been adapted to determine the rate of photon absorption in an external four-lamp photoreactor. The results obtained show slight differences from those of the Monte Carlo method. Additionally, once the rate of photon absorption was validated, the intrinsic rate constant and scavenging factor of the photocatalytic oxidation of some contaminant compounds from results already published have been determined.
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3

Ounnar, Amel, Abdelkrim Bouzaza, Lidia Favier, and Fatiha Bentahar. "Macrolide antibiotics removal using a circulating TiO2-coated paper photoreactor: parametric study and hydrodynamic flow characterization." Water Science and Technology 73, no. 11 (2016): 2627–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2016.096.

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The present work investigates the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of biorecalcitrant macrolide antibiotics in a circulating tubular photoreactor. As target pollutants, spiramycin (SPM) and tylosin (TYL) were considered in this study. The photoreactor leads to the use of an immobilized titanium dioxide on non-woven paper under artificial UV-lamp irradiation. Maximum removal efficiency was achieved at the optimum conditions of natural pH, low pollutant concentration and a 0.35 L min−1 flow rate. A Langmuir–Hinshelwood model was used to fit experimental results and the model constants were determined. Moreover, the total organic carbon analysis reveals that SPM and TYL mineralization is not complete. In addition, the study of the residence time distribution allowed us to investigate the flow regime of the reactor. Electrical energy consumption for photocatalytic degradation of macrolides using circulating TiO2-coated paper photoreactor was lower compared with some reported photoreactors used for the elimination of pharmaceutic compounds. A repetitive reuse of the immobilized catalyst was also studied in order to check its photoactivity performance.
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4

Acosta-Herazo, Raúl, Briyith Cañaveral-Velásquez, Katrin Pérez-Giraldo, Miguel A. Mueses, María H. Pinzón-Cárdenas, and Fiderman Machuca-Martínez. "A MATLAB-Based Application for Modeling and Simulation of Solar Slurry Photocatalytic Reactors for Environmental Applications." Water 12, no. 8 (2020): 2196. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12082196.

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Because of the complexity caused by photochemical reactions and radiation transport, accomplishing photoreactor modeling usually poses a barrier for young researchers or research works that focus on experimental developments, although it may be a crucial tool for reducing experimental efforts and carrying out a more comprehensive analysis of the results. This work presents PHOTOREAC, an open-access application developed in the graphical user interface of Matlab, which allows a user-friendly evaluation of the solar photoreactors operation. The app includes several solar photoreactor configurations and kinetics models as well as two variants of a radiation absorption-scattering model. Moreover, PHOTOREAC incorporates a database of 26 of experimental solar photodegradation datasets with a variety of operational conditions (model pollutants, photocatalyst concentrations, initial pollutant concentrations); additionally, users can introduce their new experimental data. The implementation of PHOTOREAC is presented using three example cases of solar photoreactor operation in which the impact of the operational parameters is explored, kinetic constants are estimated according to experimental data, and comparisons are made between the available models. Finally, the impact of the application on young researchers’ projects in photocatalysis at the University of Cartagena was investigated. PHOTOREAC is available upon request from Professor Miguel Mueses.
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5

Aillet, Tristan, Karine Loubiere, Odile Dechy-Cabaret, and Laurent Prat. "Accurate Measurement of the Photon Flux Received Inside Two Continuous Flow Microphotoreactors by Actinometry." International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering 12, no. 1 (2014): 257–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijcre-2013-0121.

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Abstract In this study, the photon flux received in two continuous flow microphotoreactors was measured by actinometry (potassium ferrioxalate). The microphotoreactors had two different geometries and were irradiated by either a polychromatic or a monochromatic light source. A model considering the partial absorption of photons through the reactor depth and, if required, the polychromatic character of the light source and the dependence of the actinometer properties on the wavelength were formulated to describe the variation of the actinometer conversion with the irradiation time. The photon flux received in the microphotoreactors could be thus accurately calculated as a function of the emitted wavelength. The same methodology was then applied to measure the photon flux received in a batch immersion well photoreactor. The radiant power received in each photoreactor was compared to that emitted by the lamp and major differences were found, thus confirming the need for this kind of in situ measurement. Finally, some guidelines based on a knowledge of the photon flux were proposed to compare various photoreactors. They revealed in particular that the choice of the most efficient photoreactor depended on the criteria chosen to evaluate the performances (i.e. productivity, Space Time Yield).
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6

Enesca, Alexandru. "The Influence of Photocatalytic Reactors Design and Operating Parameters on the Wastewater Organic Pollutants Removal—A Mini-Review." Catalysts 11, no. 5 (2021): 556. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11050556.

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The organic pollutants removal by conventional methods (adsorption, coagulation, filtration, microorganism and enzymes) showed important limitation due to the reluctance of these molecules. An alternative to this issue is represented by the photocatalytic technology considered as an advanced oxidation process (AOP). The photoreactors design and concepts vary based on the working regime (static or dynamic), photocatalyst morphology (powders or bulk) and volume. This mini-review aims to provide specific guidelines on the correlations between the photoreactor concept characteristics (working regime, volume and flow rate), irradiation scenarios (light spectra, irradiation period and intensity) and the photocatalytic process parameters (photocatalyst materials and dosage, pollutant type and concentration, pollutant removal efficiency and constant rate). The paper considers two main photoreactor geometries (cylindrical and rectangular) and analyses the influence of parameters optimization on the overall photocatalytic efficiency. Based on the systematic evaluation of the input data reported in the scientific papers, several perspectives regarding the photocatalytic reactors’ optimization were included.
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7

Hincapié Mejía, Gina María, Juan Miguel Marín S., Luis Alberto Rios, and Gloria Restrepo. "Evaluating E. coli degradation using a rotatory disk photoreactor." Ingeniería e Investigación 27, no. 3 (2007): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v27n3.14846.

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Degradation of the bacterium E. coli was studied using a rotatory disk photoreactor manufactured in stainless steel to ascertain this photoreaction system’s behavior in different operating conditions. The photoreactor was equipped with 6 black light bulbs (BLB) used as a source of UV light and fitted with 7 removable disks made of common frosted glass impregnated with TiO2 photocatalyzer which were coupled to a rotation system. TiO2 was impregnated on the disks using the sol-gel method varying molar precursor gel ratios. Abrasion resistance, disk adhesion and surface uniformity tests were carried out for selecting the film presenting the best characteristics. Bacterial photodegradation studies were carried out using the following variable parameters: the disks’ rotation speed, radiation intensity and the number of discs which were directly related to the concentration of photocatalyzer in the system. Up to 64.3% degradation was achieved in 4 hours using 7 disks, low intensity and low rotation speed.
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8

Riddell, Alexander, Patric Kvist, and Diana Bernin. "A 3D printed photoreactor for investigating variable reaction geometry, wavelength, and fluid flow." Review of Scientific Instruments 93, no. 8 (2022): 084103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0087107.

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Research in the field of photochemistry, including photocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis, has been revitalized due to the potential that photochemical reactions show in the sustainable production of chemicals. Therefore, there is a need for flexible photoreactor equipment that allows for the evaluation of the geometry, light wavelength, and intensity of the vessel, along with the fluid flow in various photochemical reactions. Light emitting diodes (LEDs) have narrow emission spectra and can be either pulsed or run continuously; being flexible, they can be arranged to fit the dimensions of various types of the reactor vessel, depending on the application. This study presents a 3D printed photoreactor with the ability to adjust distances easily and switch between high-power LED light sources. The reactor design utilizes customized printed circuit boards to mount varying numbers and types of LEDs, which enables multiple wavelengths to be used simultaneously. These LED modules, comprised of heat sinks and cooling fans, fulfill the higher heat dissipation requirements of high-power LEDs. The flexibility of the reactor design is useful for optimizing the reaction geometry, flow conditions, wavelength, and intensity of photochemical reactions on a small scale. The estimates for incident light intensity under five possible reactor configurations using ferrioxalate actinometry are reported so that comparisons with other photoreactors can be made. The performance of the photoreactor for differing vessel sizes and distances, in both the flow and batch modes, is given for a photochemical reaction on 2-benzyloxyphenol—a model substance for lignin and applicable in the production of biobased chemicals.
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9

Danyliuk, N. V., T. R. Tatarchuk, and A. V. Shyichuk. "Batch microreactor for photocatalytic reactions monitoring." Physics and Chemistry of Solid State 21, no. 2 (2020): 338–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/pcss.21.2.338-346.

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Photocatalytic oxidation of organic contaminants is a hot topic in environmental research. However, an effective purification process needs an effective photoreactor. Typical light sources such as mercury and halogen lamps are replaced with more energy efficient Light Emitting Diodes. In the current work, a miniature photoreactor with low catalyst consumption was presented. The work of the micro-photoreactor is investigated using anatase and P25 industrial titania as model catalysts. The key element of the microreactor is replaceable UV-LED. The used 365 nm emission wavelength is optimal for the model pollutant Rhodamine B dye. The micro-photoreactor is able to mineralize the Rhodamine B dye almost completely.
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10

Behnajady, Mohammad A., Sadegh Amirmohammadi-Sorkhabi, Nasser Modirshahla, and Mohammad Shokri. "Investigation of the efficiency of a tubular continuous-flow photoreactor with supported titanium dioxide nanoparticles in the removal of 4-nitrophenol: operational parameters, kinetics analysis and mineralization studies." Water Science and Technology 64, no. 1 (2011): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.666.

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In this study, to investigate the application of heterogeneous photocatalysis in the removal of organic contaminants from aqueous media a novel tubular continuous-flow photoreactor with supported TiO2-P25 on glass plates was designed and constructed. The photoreactor comprises six quartz tubes and a UV lamp which was placed in the center of the quartz tubes. 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) as a most refractory pollutant was chosen as a probe pollutant to examine the photoreactor efficiency for environmental cleaning applications. Results of experiments show that the removal efficiency of 4-NP in this photoreactor is a function of photoreactor length, gas and liquid flow rates and 4-NP initial concentration. Kinetics analysis indicates that degradation of 4-NP in continuous-mode can be modeled with the Langmuir–Hinshelwood (L–H) model (kL–H = 1.5 mg L−1 min−1, Kads = 0.11 mg−1 L). A design equation was obtained with a combination of L–H modified equation and tubular reactor design equation. This equation can be used for estimation of 4-NP concentration in different photoreactor lengths under various operational parameters. Mineralization study was followed through total organic carbon (TOC) analysis and measurement of nitrite and nitrate as final degradation products.
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