Journal articles: 'Photovoltaic Technology'

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Marques Lameirinhas, Ricardo A., João Paulo N. Torres, and João P. de Melo Cunha. "A Photovoltaic Technology Review: History, Fundamentals and Applications." Energies 15, no. 5 (March 1, 2022): 1823. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15051823.

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Photovoltaic technology has become a huge industry, based on the enormous applications for solar cells. In the 19th century, when photoelectric experiences started to be conducted, it would be unexpected that these optoelectronic devices would act as an essential energy source, fighting the ecological footprint brought by non-renewable sources, since the industrial revolution. Renewable energy, where photovoltaic technology has an important role, is present in 3 out of 17 United Nations 2030 goals. However, this path cannot be taken without industry and research innovation. This article aims to review and summarise all the meaningful milestones from photovoltaics history. Additionally, an extended review of the advantages and disadvantages among different technologies is done. Photovoltaics fundamentals are also presented from the photoelectric effect on a p-n junction to the electrical performance characterisation and modelling. Cells’ performance under unusual conditions are summarised, such as due to temperature variation or shading. Finally, some applications are presented and some project feasibility indicators are analysed. Thus, the review presented in this article aims to clarify to readers noteworthy milestones in photovoltaics history, summarise its fundamentals and remarkable applications to catch the attention of new researchers for this interesting field.

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Xu, Zhi Long, Chao Li, Lian Fen Liu, and Zhong Ming Huang. "Key Technology on the Solar Photovoltaic & Thermal System." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 901–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.901.

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Using the concentrating and tracking photovoltaics generation technology, the area of photovoltaic cells is only one-fifth of the traditional one if both generate same power output, and therefore the cost of photovoltaic power generation is greatly reduced. The concentrating solar cells produced with the special construction and lamination technique have the functions of heat exchanging and temperature controlling, which prevent the solar panel from over-temperature caused by the concentrating light and the crystal silicon cell pieces will always work under 60°C, and hence the photoelectric conversion efficiency increase. The rest solar energy that cannot be converted into electrical energy by the concentrating solar cells is absorbed by water flowing through it. The flat-plate collector reheat the water flowed from the concentrating solar cells’ heat exchanger and the additional product, hot water, whose temperature is over 80°C, is got. Hence, the total efficiency of photovoltaic & thermal conversion is more than 55%. The solar photovoltaic & thermal system can high efficiently, but low costly and practicably, utilize the solar photovoltaic & thermal and practical.

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Ralph, E. L. "Photovoltaic Technology Assessment." IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine 1, no. 10 (October 1986): 2–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/maes.1986.5004965.

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Zhang, Weichen. "Main Contributions, Applications and Future Prospect of PV." MATEC Web of Conferences 386 (2023): 03012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202338603012.

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Nowadays, with the development of society and economy, the disadvantages of traditional fossil fuels are obvious, and people pay more attention to renewable energy. Due to the inexhaustible nature of solar energy, which helps to get rid of the dependence on fossil fuels, photovoltaic technology has been valued and developed. Photovoltaic (PV) technology can use the photovoltaic effect to directly convert solar energy into electrical energy, and it is clean and pollution-free, avoiding harm to the environment. Photovoltaics has significant advantages over other types of renewable energy generation. Photovoltaics has made a significant contribution to social progress and has been widely used in today's society. Therefore, Photovoltaics outpaces other types of renewable energy generation, its development prospect is very impressive and has received strong support. This article aims to introduce the main contributions and applications of photovoltaics from different aspects and analyze development prospects and limitations of PV by explaining its technical principles.

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Kang, Liyan, Ying Shang, Xinran Liu, and Yuewei Qin. "Research on High-Frequency Data Acquisition Technology in Distributed Photovoltaic Station Areas." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2474, no. 1 (April 1, 2023): 012039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2474/1/012039.

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Abstract With the large-scale development of low-voltage distributed photovoltaic in power systems, the safe and effective operation of the power grid has been put forward. The analysis of the operation of distributed photovoltaics depends on the development of high-frequency data acquisition technology. This paper mainly aims at the problem of high-frequency data acquisition for distributed photovoltaic users and proposes a solution to achieve high-frequency data acquisition using high-speed power line carriers and dual-mode communication technology. The high-speed power line carrier is used to achieve minute-level data acquisition. The dual-mode communication technology further improves communication reliability. This paper provides theoretical support and construction experience for data acquisition and analysis of distributed photovoltaic users.

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Fanney, A. Hunter, and Brian P. Dougherty. "Building Integrated Photovoltaic Test Facility*." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 123, no. 3 (March 1, 2001): 194–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1385823.

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The widespread use of building integrated photovoltaics appears likely as a result of the continuing decline in photovoltaic manufacturing costs, the relative ease in which photovoltaics can be incorporated within the building envelope, and the fact that buildings account for over 40% of the U.S. energy consumption. However, designers, architects, installers, and consumers need more information and analysis tools in order to judge the merits of building-integrated solar photovoltaic products. In an effort to add to the knowledge base, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has undertaken a multiple-year project to collect high quality experimental performance data. The data will be used to validate computer models for building integrated photovoltaics and, where necessary, to develop algorithms that may be incorporated within these models. This paper describes the facilities that have been constructed to assist in this effort. The facilities include a mobile tracking photovoltaic test facility, a building integrated photovoltaic test bed, an outdoor aging rack, and a meteorological station.

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Hu, Boxun, Yanan Chen, Desheng Kong, and Yiming Yao. "Large, grid-connected solar photovoltaic power plants renewable energy." Applied and Computational Engineering 7, no. 1 (July 21, 2023): 375–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/7/20230328.

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As an essential part of renewable energy, the solar photovoltaic technic grows rapidly with two main types: off-grid and grid-connected systems. This paper focuses on grid-connected solar photovoltaic power plants and introduces the main physical principles of solar photovoltaics. Typical components of solar photovoltaic power plants are also presented, along with their functions. The extraordinary environmental impact and the relatively low and decreasing cost of grid-connected solar photovoltaics reflect its excellent development potential. Compared with other energy, grid-connected solar photovoltaics provides an alternative to conventional fossil fuel generation. With the improvement of silicon purification technology and the working efficiency of solar batteries, the scale of grid-connected solar photovoltaics power plants will be further expanded.

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Kim, Soyeon, Muhammad Jahandar, Jae Hoon Jeong, and Dong Chan Lim. "Recent Progress in Solar Cell Technology for Low-Light Indoor Applications." Current Alternative Energy 3, no. 1 (November 28, 2019): 3–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570180816666190112141857.

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Photovoltaic cells have recently attracted considerable attention for indoor energy harvesting for low-power-consumption electronic products due to the rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT). The IoT platform is being developed with a vision of connecting a variety of wireless electronic devices, such as sensors, household products, and personal data storage devices, which will be able to sense and communicate with their internal states or the external environment. A self-sustainable power source is required to power such devices under low light indoor environments. Inorganic photovoltaic cells show excellent device performance under 1 Sun illumination and dominate the market for outdoor applications. However, their performance is limited for indoor applications with low incident light intensities as they exhibit low photo-voltage. Among the emerging photovoltaic technologies, organic photovoltaics have unique advantages, including solution processibility, flexibility, and lightweight tailorable design; hence, they are considered the best solution for indoor light harvesting applications due to their high photo-voltage, strong absorption of UV-visible wavelengths, and a spectral response similar to that emitted by modern indoor lighting systems. In this review article, we discuss the factors affecting device performance of different photovoltaic technologies under low incident light intensities or indoor conditions and provide a comprehensive analysis of future opportunities for enhancing indoor performance of the photovoltaic devices. Furthermore, we discuss some of the results of semi-transparent organic solar cell which operated under complex environmental conditions like low illumination, incident light angle etc. Based on the results, one can suggest that semi-transparent organic solar cell is a more suitable case for progressive indoor solar cell. After highlighting the factors that limit indoor device performance of photovoltaic cells, we discuss potential applications of IoT devices powered by organic photovoltaic cells in indoor lighting environments.

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Liu, Wenrui. "Key technologies for photovoltaic power generation." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 43 (April 14, 2023): 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v43i.7407.

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In the face of the increasingly serious energy and environmental problems in the world, it is imperative to develop renewable energy, including photovoltaic power generation. The fact that photovoltaics is still in their infancy suggests that they have a lot of potential. Wide-ranging potential for solar power generation opens up a lot of room for the advancement of photovoltaic technology and industrial growth. Solar energy is mainly used for photovoltaic power generation system (PV system). Its main components are solar cells, batteries, controllers and inverters. Solar cells and MPPT technology are the two main structure in PV system. The development of solar photovoltaic power generation is the premise of the development of photovoltaic technology, because he is an important element of photoelectric conversion, which is related to the energy conversion of the entire system. MPPT voltage is a very critical parameter in the design of photovoltaic power plants. In this article, advantages and disadvantages of four different types of solar cells and their improvement methods will be exponded, while the MPPT technology starts from the traditional algorithm and the intelligent algorithm, with the introduction of several different algorithms. The final prospect of the two key technologies is given at the end of this paper.

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TOMITA, TAKASHI. "Photovoltaic power generation.Peripheral technology of photovoltaic power generation." Journal of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan 115, no. 4 (1995): 220–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejjournal.115.220.

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CALDWELL, JAMES H. "PHOTOVOLTAIC TECHNOLOGY AND MARKETS." Contemporary Economic Policy 12, no. 2 (April 1994): 97–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7287.1994.tb00426.x.

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Oja Acik, Ilona. "5GSOLAR: The next generation of photovoltaics." Open Access Government 40, no. 1 (October 25, 2023): 486–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.56367/oag-040-11117.

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5GSOLAR: The next generation of photovoltaics Emerging thin film photovoltaic technologies, currently being developed in research laboratories, are the EU’s key to unlocking its photovoltaic industry and ensuring the growth of a sustainable and green electricity market. The European Green Deal and its Fit for 55 initiative aim to transform Europe into a modern, resource-efficient and competitive economy, ensuring the reduction of net greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% by 2030, compared to 1990 levels. Solar photovoltaics is considered as one of the cornerstones to achieve a green and carbon-neutral future. As the lowest-cost and most easily deployed clean energy technology, the installed photovoltaic (PV) capacity in Europe has reached almost 195 GW in 2022, and the REPowerEU plan targets to bring online over 320 GW of solar photovoltaic by 2025 and almost 600 GW by 2030.

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Brabec, Christoph J., Jens A. Hauch, Pavel Schilinsky, and Christoph Waldauf. "Production Aspects of Organic Photovoltaics and Their Impact on the Commercialization of Devices." MRS Bulletin 30, no. 1 (January 2005): 50–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2005.10.

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AbstractThe essential cost-driving factor for the production of classical photovoltaic devices is the expensive investment in costly semiconductor processing technologies. This unfavorable cost structure has so far prohibited the technology from having a significant impact on global energy production. Nevertheless, the continued high interest in photovoltaics originates from the fact that they represent the only truly portable renewable-energy conversion technology available today. Therefore, the potential of fabricating organic photovoltaic elements on low-cost, thin plastic substrates by standard printing and coating techniques and packaged by lamination is not only intriguing, but highly attractive from a cost standpoint. In this article, we discuss the economic and technical production aspects for organic photovoltaics.

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Pastuszak, Justyna, and Paweł Węgierek. "Photovoltaic Cell Generations and Current Research Directions for Their Development." Materials 15, no. 16 (August 12, 2022): 5542. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15165542.

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The purpose of this paper is to discuss the different generations of photovoltaic cells and current research directions focusing on their development and manufacturing technologies. The introduction describes the importance of photovoltaics in the context of environmental protection, as well as the elimination of fossil sources. It then focuses on presenting the known generations of photovoltaic cells to date, mainly in terms of the achievable solar-to-electric conversion efficiencies, as well as the technology for their manufacture. In particular, the third generation of photovoltaic cells and recent trends in its field, including multi-junction cells and cells with intermediate energy levels in the forbidden band of silicon, are discussed. We also present the latest developments in photovoltaic cell manufacturing technology, using the fourth-generation graphene-based photovoltaic cells as an example. An extensive review of the world literature led us to the conclusion that, despite the appearance of newer types of photovoltaic cells, silicon cells still have the largest market share, and research into ways to improve their efficiency is still relevant.

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Huang, Guozhen, Yichang Tang, Xi Chen, Mingsheng Chen, and Yanlin Jiang. "A Comprehensive Review of Floating Solar Plants and Potentials for Offshore Applications." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 11, no. 11 (October 28, 2023): 2064. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse11112064.

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Fossil fuel consumption has progressively increased alongside global population growth, representing the predominant energy consumption pattern for humanity. Unfortunately, this persistent reliance on fossil fuels has resulted in a substantial surge in pollution emissions, exerting a detrimental influence on the delicate ecological balance. Therefore, it is imperative to find new renewable energy sources to replace fossil fuels. Solar energy is a clean energy source and has become the most preferred option for human day-to-day needs. Since the construction of the world’s first floating photovoltaic power station, humanity has been continuously advancing the technology of power generation by floating photovoltaics. This review comprehensively elucidates the progression of offshore photovoltaic technology and illustrates the composition of the floating photovoltaic system. Each section meticulously contrasts the advantages and drawbacks of various photovoltaic systems. In addition, an in-depth analysis of the offshore photovoltaic application potentials is conducted based on fundamental theories, thereby offering valuable insights for future research. Finally, an encompassing summary of the potential challenges associated with deep-sea floating photovoltaic systems is presented.

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Wang, Tao, Haoran Pan, Dong Liu, Wenyu Zhang, and Wei Zhu. "Building of Rural Roof Distributed Photovoltaic Intelligent Management System based on Big Data Technology." Frontiers in Humanities and Social Sciences 2, no. 12 (December 21, 2022): 250–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/fhss.v2i12.3263.

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With the proposal of carbon neutrality, rural revitalization and other policies, the rural rooftop distributed photovoltaic industry is found very rapidly. This project mainly studies how to improve the operation and maintenance capabilities of rural rooftop distributed photovoltaics, reduce labor costs, be able to quickly respond to relevant decisions, and timely detect faults, monitor basic operation conditions, increase power generation benefits, and maximize the benefits of all parties. It is an intelligent management system built based on modern information technology related to big data and cloud computing, referred to as rural rooftop distributed photovoltaic intelligent management system.

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Liu, Yudong, Fangqin Li, Jianxing Ren, Guizhou Ren, Honghong Shen, and Gang Liu. "Solar thermal power generation technology research." E3S Web of Conferences 136 (2019): 02016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913602016.

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China is a big consumer of energy resources. With the gradual decrease of non-renewable resources such as oil and coal, it is very important to adopt renewable energy for economic development. As a kind of abundant renewable energy, solar power has been widely used. This paper introduces the development status of solar power generation technology, mainly introduces solar photovoltaic power generation technology, briefly describes the principle of solar photovoltaic power generation, and compares and analyzes four kinds of solar photovoltaic power generation technology, among which photovoltaic power generation technology is the most mature solar photovoltaic power utilization technology at present.

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Bandaru, Sree Harsha, Victor Becerra, Sourav Khanna, Jovana Radulovic, David Hutchinson, and Rinat Khusainov. "A Review of Photovoltaic Thermal (PVT) Technology for Residential Applications: Performance Indicators, Progress, and Opportunities." Energies 14, no. 13 (June 26, 2021): 3853. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14133853.

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Solar energy has been one of the accessible and affordable renewable energy technologies for the last few decades. Photovoltaics and solar thermal collectors are mature technologies to harness solar energy. However, the efficiency of photovoltaics decays at increased operating temperatures, and solar thermal collectors suffer from low exergy. Furthermore, along with several financial, structural, technical and socio-cultural barriers, the limited shadow-free space on building rooftops has significantly affected the adoption of solar energy. Thus, Photovoltaic Thermal (PVT) collectors that combine the advantages of photovoltaic cells and solar thermal collector into a single system have been developed. This study gives an extensive review of different PVT systems for residential applications, their performance indicators, progress, limitations and research opportunities. The literature review indicated that PVT systems used air, water, bi-fluids, nanofluids, refrigerants and phase-change material as the cooling medium and are sometimes integrated with heat pumps and seasonal energy storage. The overall efficiency of a PVT system reached up to 81% depending upon the system design and environmental conditions, and there is generally a trade-off between thermal and electrical efficiency. The review also highlights future research prospects in areas such as materials for PVT collector design, long-term reliability experiments, multi-objective design optimisation, techno-exergo-economics and photovoltaic recycling.

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Guo, Shuai, Haozhong Xiong, Guanlin Xin, and Yifeng Shan. "Solar photovoltaics: Silicon cell principles, technology implementation, and future development." Applied and Computational Engineering 7, no. 1 (July 21, 2023): 778–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/7/20230488.

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Solar energy is one of the most well-known renewable energies in the world, which can be directly used as heating source or can be converted to other sources of energy, like electricity. In this paper, the main technology of solar energy named solar photovoltaic will be discussed. Solar Photovoltaic utilizes the property of semiconductor, talking mainly about silicon in this project, to realize this technology. This is widely used as crystalline PV cells, thin film PV, and other PV technology (such as multi-junction PV cells and concentrating systems). The cost of power from PV plants has decreased globally around years but it still needs to reduce capital cost for countries lacking sunlight. In comparison to other renewable or non-renewable energy producing methods, PV has probably a smaller environmental effect. In normal operation, PV emits no gaseous or liquid contaminations and no radioactive substances, but people still need to strengthen the recycle of old silicon cells to avoid the leakage of toxic substances. The global photovoltaic market has increased rapidly in recent years, and it will also keep this increase in the future. The purpose of this project is giving a basic understanding of photovoltaics in these areas.

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Fanney, A. Hunter, Brian P. Dougherty, and Mark W. Davis. "Measured Performance of Building Integrated Photovoltaic Panels*." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 123, no. 3 (March 1, 2001): 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1385824.

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The photovoltaic industry is experiencing rapid growth. Industry analysts project that photovoltaic sales will increase from their current $1.5 billion level to over $27 billion by 2020, representing an average growth rate of 25%. (Cook et. al. 2000)[1]. To date, the vast majority of sales have been for navigational signals, call boxes, telecommunication centers, consumer products, off-grid electrification projects, and small grid-interactive residential rooftop applications. Building integrated photovoltaics, the integration of photovoltaic cells into one or more of the exterior surfaces of the building envelope, represents a small but growing photovoltaic application. In order for building owners, designers, and architects to make informed economic decisions regarding the use of building integrated photovoltaics, accurate predictive tools and performance data are needed. A building integrated photovoltaic test bed has been constructed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology to provide the performance data needed for model validation. The facility incorporates four identical pairs of building integrated photovoltaic panels constructed using single-crystalline, polycrystalline, silicon film, and amorphous silicon photovoltaic cells. One panel of each identical pair is installed with thermal insulation attached to its rear surface. The second paired panel is installed without thermal insulation. This experimental configuration yields results that quantify the effect of elevated cell temperature on the panels’ performance for different cell technologies. This paper presents the first set of experimental results from this facility. Comparisons are made between the electrical performance of the insulated and non-insulated panels for each of the four cell technologies. The monthly and overall conversion efficiencies for each cell technology are presented and the seasonal performance variations discussed. Daily efficiencies are presented for a selected month. Finally, plots of the power output and panel temperatures are presented and discussed for the single-crystalline and amorphous silicon panels.

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LUCENA, Juliana de Almeida Yanaguizawa, and Victor Gabriel Bezerra de HOLANDA. "Solar Photovoltaic Technology In Brazil." International Journal of Environmental, Sustainability, and Social Science 3, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 149–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.38142/ijesss.v3i1.173.

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In recent years, the use of solar systems has been increasing worldwide in an accelerated rate, with perspective of staying among the main sources of renewable energy for the following decades, along with wind power. The photovoltaic energy in Brazil currently represents 4,5 GW (2,5% of the national electric matrix). Solar thermal energy is called when solar radiation is used to transfer energy to a medium, usually water or air. It is a renewable, sustainable and environmentally friendly source of energy. The number of solar thermal energy applications is very extensive when considering all temperature levels and energy demands. In this context, the present work shows the evolution of solar photovoltaic energy in Brazil, bringing a discussion regarding to solar power characteristics, working principles and different technologies of solar cells, as well as aspects of operation and maintenance of the photovoltaic panels. Investments in research for the development of new technologies and valuation of existing ones for solar energy should also be prioritized, as well as for better planning and sustainable use of photovoltaic energy, given the advantages for the economy, society and the environment provided by this renewable and clean source.

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Mishra, Praveen Kumar, and Prabhakar Tiwari. "Solar Photovoltaic Technology—A Review." Advanced Science, Engineering and Medicine 12, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asem.2020.2512.

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With growing the necessity of alternative energy, this demand will be lead to in the interest of solar research in order to extend the properties containing concentration, charge transfer, absorption and charge separation of solar cell devices along with materials. The solar energy are most abundant, infinite, inexhaustible and clean among all the renewable power resources till now. It can be used by various techniques such as making full use of sunlight to directly generate electricity or by using heat from the sun as a thermal energy. The Photovoltaic technologies are one of the best ways to harness the solar power. The aforementioned one script reviews the photovoltaic technology, its power producing efficiency, the different actual light appealing materials used, its substantial prospect as well various its applications. The Photovoltaic (PV) power generation are one of the most promising power generation among others alternative sources. In this literature survey, we summarize the significance of solar photovoltaic power generation. Solar power generation is likely one of the well-known sectors to give a boost to the sustainability of India. Solar power has giant capability in India due to that it lies in tropical zone. The Solar energy are on the pace to become the fastest rising energy sources in human history.

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Fanney, A. Hunter, Brian P. Dougherty, and Mark W. Davis. "Short-Term Characterization of Building Integrated Photovoltaic Panels*." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 125, no. 1 (January 27, 2003): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1531642.

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Building integrated photovoltaics, the integration of photovoltaic cells into one or more exterior building surfaces, represents a small but growing part of today’s $2 billion dollar photovoltaic industry. A barrier to the widespread use of building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) is the lack of validated predictive simulation tools needed to make informed economic decisions. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has undertaken a multi-year project to compare the measured performance of BIPV panels to the predictions of photovoltaic simulation tools. The existing simulation models require input parameters that characterize the electrical performance of BIPV panels subjected to various meteorological conditions. This paper describes the experimental apparatus and test procedures used to capture the required parameters. Results are presented for custom fabricated mono-crystalline, polycrystalline, and silicon film BIPV panels and a commercially available triple junction amorphous silicon panel.

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Weyand, Steffi, Carolin Wittich, and Liselotte Schebek. "Environmental Performance of Emerging Photovoltaic Technologies: Assessment of the Status Quo and Future Prospects Based on a Meta-Analysis of Life-Cycle Assessment Studies." Energies 12, no. 22 (November 6, 2019): 4228. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12224228.

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Emerging photovoltaic technologies are expected to have lower environmental impacts during their life cycle due to their extremely thin-film technology and resulting material savings. The environmental impacts of four emerging photovoltaics were investigated based on a meta-analysis of life-cycle assessment (LCA) studies, comprising a systematic review and harmonization approach of five key indicators to describe the environmental status quo and future prospects. The status quo was analyzed based on a material-related functional unit of 1 watt-peak of the photovoltaic cell. For future prospects, the functional unit of 1 kWh of generated electricity was used, including assumptions on the use phase, notably on the lifetime. The results of the status quo show that organic photovoltaic technology is the most mature emerging photovoltaic technology with a competitive environmental performance, while perovskites have a low performance, attributed to the early stage of development and inefficient manufacturing on the laboratory scale. The results of future prospects identified improvements of efficiency, lifetime, and manufacturing with regard to environmental performance based on sensitivity and scenario analyses. The developed harmonization approach supports the use of LCA in the early stages of technology development in a structured way to reduce uncertainty and extract significant information during development.

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Md Ayob, Shahrin, Chee Wei Tan, Razman Ayop, and Mohd Zaki Daud. "Implementation of Photovoltaic Academic Service Learning at School and Its Impact on Student Schools and Student Facilitators." Asean Journal of Engineering Education 6, no. 2 (December 19, 2022): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/ajee2022.6n2.103.

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This paper presents the implementation of academic service learning (ASL) and its impact on secondary school students as the community and the university undergraduate students who act as facilitators. The facilitators are the final year students from the Faculty of Electrical Engineering undertaking a photovoltaic technology course at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. The ASL aims to transfer the knowledge of photovoltaic technology to the school student from the university's students and increase their interest in pursuing tertiary study in the science, technology, and mathematics (STEM) stream. At the same time, it will benefit the facilitators by enriching their communication skills, personality, and academics. The objective achievement of the activity is measured qualitatively through a set of questionnaires after the activity. It was found that ASL has positively impacted the school student's knowledge of photovoltaic technology. To measure the impact on the facilitator, questionnaires were given to them after a year of graduation. The majority of them agreed that ASL improved their communication skills and personality. However, most facilitators agreed that ASL has minimum impact on enhancing their knowledge of photovoltaics.

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Liu, Jing. "Research on fuel cell based on photovoltaic technology." Thermal Science 24, no. 5 Part B (2020): 3423–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci191226134l.

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To investigate the hybrid thermal energy storage in photovoltaic fuel cells, a hybrid thermal energy storage control system for photovoltaic fuel cells is explored model construction and simulation. The correlations between the system components and the external factors are analyzed. The results show a positive correlation of the state of charges between the storage battery and the hydrogen storage tank at 0-15 hours, while no correlation exists between them at 15-35 hours. Meanwhile, the sunshine intensity and the photovoltaic output share a positive correlation. In summary, the hybrid thermal energy storage system is critical for photovoltaic fuel cells. The charging and discharging of the battery depends on the photovoltaic intensity. The constructed grouping management model for storage battery is outstanding and satisfies the operational requirements of photovoltaic fuel cells.

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Ziemińska-Stolarska, Aleksandra, Monika Pietrzak, and Ireneusz Zbiciński. "Application of LCA to Determine Environmental Impact of Concentrated Photovoltaic Solar Panels—State-of-the-Art." Energies 14, no. 11 (May 27, 2021): 3143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14113143.

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Photovoltaic systems represent a leading part of the market in the renewable energies sector. Contemporary technology offers possibilities to improve systems converting sun energy, especially for the efficiency of modules. The paper focuses on current concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) technologies, presenting data for solar cells and modules working under lab conditions as well as in a real environment. In this paper, we consider up-to-date solutions for two types of concentrating photovoltaic systems: high-concentration photovoltaics (HCPV) and low-concentration photovoltaics (LCPV). The current status of CPV solar modules was complemented by the preliminary results of new hybrid photovoltaic technology achieving records in efficiency. Compared to traditional Si-PV panels, CPV modules achieve greater conversion efficiency as a result of the concentrator optics applied. Specific CPV technologies were described in terms of efficiency, new approaches of a multijunction solar cell, a tracking system, and durability. The results of the analysis prove intensive development in the field of CPV modules and the potential of achieving record system efficiency. The paper also presents methods for the determination of the environmental impact of CPV during the entire life cycle by life cycle assessment (LCA) analysis and possible waste management scenarios. Environmental performance is generally assessed based on standard indicators, such as energy payback time, CO2 footprint, or GHG emission.

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Zhang, Hua, Xu Ji, Ming Li, Qiang Wang, and Xiang Bo Song. "A Comparative Study on Solar Refrigeration Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 541-542 (March 2014): 887–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.541-542.887.

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This paper performed a comparative study on solar photovoltaic refrigeration technology and solar adsorption refrigeration technology. The experimental results showed that in sunny day, COP of the solar fin pipe adsorption refrigerator was 0.13, and was higher than 0.12, COP of the photovoltaic refrigerator. With the solar radiation enhancement within a certain range, the COP of solar adsorption refrigerator increased faster than COP of solar photovoltaic refrigerator. From the aspects of economy, with the same refrigerating capacity, the cost of the adsorption refrigerators was 30% higher than that of the photovoltaic refrigerators.

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Wang, Ruiqi, Jiaxin Wang, Yuhan Xiao, Zejun Gan, and Huiqi Wang. "Principles, development, and utilization of silicon-based solar cell." Theoretical and Natural Science 28, no. 1 (December 26, 2023): 156–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/28/20230475.

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Photovoltaic technology is a technology that uses the photoelectric conversion properties of semiconductor materials to convert solar energy into electricity. Photovoltaic technology is a kind of renewable energy technology that does not produce pollution and greenhouse gas emissions and has many application prospects. According to data, from 1985 to 2017, the cumulative total installed photovoltaic capacity globally exceeded 400 GW and is expected to grow in the next few years. Photovoltaic technology has become an essential part of renewable energy worldwide. Photovoltaic cells are the core equipment of photovoltaic technology. There are mainly monocrystalline silicon, polysilicon, amorphous silicon, organic solar cells, and other types. Among them, monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic cells have high photoelectric conversion efficiency, but high cost, mainly used in high-end applications; Polysilicon photovoltaic cells are cost-effective and used primarily in large-scale photovoltaic power station construction; Photovoltaic technology can also be used in mobile chargers, solar streetlights, solar pumps, and other aspects. In addition, photovoltaic technology also has a wide range of application prospects in urban rail transit, automobiles, robots, and other fields also appear. Although photovoltaic technology has many advantages, there are still some problems, such as panel cost, reliability, stability, and storage of photovoltaic power generation. Solving these problems requires continuous upgrading and development of technology. With the progress of technology and the support of policies, it is believed that photovoltaic technology will continue to develop and make more significant contributions to global energy transformation and sustainable development.

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Aamir Al-Mabsali, Samiya, Hassam Nasarullah Chaudhry, and Mehreen Saleem Gul. "Numerical Investigation on Heat Pipe Spanwise Spacing to Determine Optimum Configuration for Passive Cooling of Photovoltaic Panels." Energies 12, no. 24 (December 6, 2019): 4635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12244635.

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The uncertainty regarding the capacity of photovoltaics to generate adequate renewable power remains problematic due to very high temperatures in countries experiencing extreme climates. This study analyses the potential of heat pipes as a passive cooling mechanism for solar photovoltaic panels in the Ecohouse of the Higher Colleges of Technology, Oman, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). A baseline model has been set-up comprised of 20 units, 20 mm diameter water-filled heat pipes, with a length of 992 mm attached to a photovoltaic panel measuring 1956 mm × 992 mm. Using the source temperature of 64.5 °C (337.65 K), the findings of this work have established that a temperature reduction in the range of up to 9 °C is achievable when integrating heat pipes into photovoltaic panels. An optimum spacing of 50 mm (2.5 times the diameter of the heat pipe) was determined through this work, which is also a proof-of-concept towards the use of heat pipe technology for passive cooling of photovoltaic panels in hot climates.

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Njok, Armstrong O., Julie C. Ogbulezie, and Effiong A. Archibong. "Behavioral Pattern of Photovoltaics Enhanced with Automatic Cooling Mechanism." Asian Journal of Physical and Chemical Sciences 11, no. 4 (October 3, 2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajopacs/2023/v11i4209.

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The increase in PV panel temperature with increasing level of solar power and solar flux is a major disadvantage when using Photovoltaics for electricity generation. Nigeria is a country that is blessed with enormous amount of sunlight throughout the year which should make it a good environment for the generation of electricity via photovoltaic technology. The daytime temperature of Nigeria is a major barrier towards the effective generation of electricity via photovoltaic technology. To remedy this issue of temperature, a cooling mechanism has to be considered in the process of any PV system design. An automatic cooling mechanism and an intelligent photovoltaic maximum power point tracker were deployed in the study. Experimental measurements were carried out in real outdoor conditions. The results of the study reveal an average increase of 6.42%, 7.77%, 18.34%, and 18.15% for voltage, current, power and efficiency respectively for the PV module under thermal regulation. This study demonstrates that cooling mechanism should be incorporated in the process of designing photovoltaic systems for optimum energy yield.

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Hu, Qinge, Yu Xiong, and Ziwei Xu. "Perovskite photovoltaic effect and its application on solar cell." Applied and Computational Engineering 60, no. 1 (May 7, 2024): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/60/20240836.

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Significant attention has been attracted by perovskite photovoltaic materials due to their excellent monochromatic incident photon-to-electron conversion efficiency. This article will provide an overview of the fundamental principles of perovskite photovoltaic effects, the various types of perovskite photovoltaic materials, their optoelectronic properties, key factors influencing the performance of perovskite photovoltaics, and the current situation as well as future challenges of perovskite solar cells. It emphasizes that the continuous tunability of perovskite structure is pivotal in achieving highly efficient photoelectric materials. Doping and interface design plays a substantial role in enhancing the performance of perovskite solar cells. Finally, the article offers a glimpse into the prospects of commercial applications and potential research directions of perovskite photovoltaic materials. This article serves as a valuable reference for further comprehension and development of efficient and stable perovskite photovoltaic materials, paving the way for advancements in renewable energy technology.

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Cheng, Yan, Ebuka S. Arinze, Nathan Palmquist, and Susanna M. Thon. "Advancing colloidal quantum dot photovoltaic technology." Nanophotonics 5, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 31–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2016-0017.

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Abstract Colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are attractive materials for solar cells due to their low cost, ease of fabrication and spectral tunability. Progress in CQD photovoltaic technology over the past decade has resulted in power conversion efficiencies approaching 10%. In this review, we give an overview of this progress, and discuss limiting mechanisms and paths for future improvement in CQD solar cell technology.We briefly summarize nanoparticle synthesis and film processing methods and evaluate the optoelectronic properties of CQD films, including the crucial role that surface ligands play in materials performance. We give an overview of device architecture engineering in CQD solar cells. The compromise between carrier extraction and photon absorption in CQD photovoltaics is analyzed along with different strategies for overcoming this trade-off. We then focus on recent advances in absorption enhancement through innovative device design and the use of nanophotonics. Several light-trapping schemes, which have resulted in large increases in cell photocurrent, are described in detail. In particular, integrating plasmonic elements into CQD devices has emerged as a promising approach to enhance photon absorption through both near-field coupling and far-field scattering effects. We also discuss strategies for overcoming the single junction efficiency limits in CQD solar cells, including tandem architectures, multiple exciton generation and hybrid materials schemes. Finally, we offer a perspective on future directions for the field and the most promising paths for achieving higher device efficiencies.

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Malevskaya A. V., Zadiranov Y. M., Il’inskaya N. D., Malevskiy D. A., and Pokrovskiy P. V. "Plasmachemical etching in postgrowth technology of photovoltaic converters." Technical Physics 92, no. 4 (2022): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/tp.2022.04.53608.282-21.

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Investigation of the heterostructure plasmachemical etching technology for fabricating multi-junction photovoltaic converters has been carried out. The dividing mesa-structure forming stage at different etching regimes and subsequent disturbed layer removing by liquid chemical treatment has been reviewed. The influence of mesa etching methods on cells photovoltaic characteristics has been investigated. Developed was the technology of photovoltaic converters fabrication with low current leakage values less than 10-9 A at voltage less then 1 V with high resistance to degradation. Keywords: photovoltaic converter, heterostructure, plasmachemical etching, mesa-structure.

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Li, Hongxia, Jianlin Li, and Yang Mi. "Research on Photovoltaic power prediction technology Based on Machine Learning." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2087, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2087/1/012004.

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Abstract In recent years, the photovoltaic power generation has obvious intermittent, randomness and volatility, and high permeability photovoltaic will have a huge impact on the safety and stability of the grid. The prediction of photovoltaic power generation is to improve the quality of photovoltaic grid, optimize grid scheduling, and ensure the basic technology of power grid safety and stability. In order to improve the prediction accuracy of photovoltaic power generation, this article will comprehensively carding and compare from 3 dimensions: photovoltaic power generation and meteorological factor correlation analysis, similar day selection, prediction method based on machine learning, and summarize the advantages and disadvantages of various methods. Further research has been put forward accordingly.

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Ge, Junxiong, Baiyu Gao, Zhongxu Zhou, Zhenjiang Pang, Xinping Wang, Haimin Hong, and Zhaowu Zhan. "Application of artificial intelligence technology in photovoltaic power generation prediction." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2728, no. 1 (March 1, 2024): 012036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2728/1/012036.

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Abstract As a new type of clean energy, photovoltaic power generation has been widely used in production and life. Compared with traditional energy, because the energy of photovoltaic power generation comes from the sun, photovoltaic power generation is mainly affected by the weather, which leads to the intermittency and volatility of this energy and makes the supply and demand relationship of this kind of energy more complex and changeable. With the continuous development of artificial intelligence technology, the field of photovoltaic power generation forecasting is also gradually realizing intelligence. At present, the photovoltaic power generation prediction model based on machine learning and deep learning has gradually become mainstream, which can effectively improve prediction accuracy and efficiency. In addition, the use of artificial intelligence technology can also achieve real-time monitoring and diagnosis of the operating status of photovoltaic power generation systems, further improving the stability and reliability of the system. In the future, with the continuous development and application of artificial intelligence technology, the field of photovoltaic power generation prediction will usher in broader development prospects.

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Wen, Feng. "Solar Photovoltaic Grid-Connected Key Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 291-294 (February 2013): 2028–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.2028.

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In order to solve the problem of solar energy photovoltaic grid technology, a kind of photovoltaic grid-connected simulation device based on FPGA was designed. It consists of FPGA, auxiliary fly-back switch power, full-bridge DC/AC converter, LC filter and some protecting circuit etc. The device has high speed of MPPT adjustment and tracking of frequency and phase, with frequency ranging from 30Hz to 55Hz, deviation is below 0.4%, stability is above 99.6%, converting efficiency is up to about 80%.

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Zambrano, Telly Yarita Macías, Yoan Pablo Rodríguez Monier, Jean Telmo Mendoza Mera, Carmen Magdalena Mero Alcivar, Anita dolores zambrano Valencia, and Douglas José Giler Loor. "Environmental impact of photovoltaic solar technology." International journal of life sciences 5, no. 1 (April 28, 2021): 14–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.29332/ijls.v5n1.1137.

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The work presents an analysis linked to one of the environmentally sustainable energy alternatives that are currently being adopted with success Worldwide. Putting the field research method into practice, the results of a study related to an application of technological innovation are shown to reduce the amount of the electricity bill of a local teacher, through the introduction of photovoltaic technology connected to the low grid. Institution tension. The results of the load study and hourly energy consumption of said entity are shown and its own methodology is deployed for the technological design of a photovoltaic plant connected to the grid, which can avoid the energy consumption of the conventional grid, reducing the amount of the institution's electricity bill, at the same time that it is possible to reduce losses, improve the quality of electricity service and reduce COemissions2 into the atmosphere. The environmental and social impacts associated with the penetration of photovoltaic technology are exposed.

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Cao, Maoqing, Riqiang Li, and Zijun Wang. "Research on Integrated Art Design of Building Exterior Finishing with Photovoltaic Application Technology." E3S Web of Conferences 512 (2024): 01004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202451201004.

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This study is based on the cold regions of China, namely severe and cold regions. By fully utilizing photovoltaic technology, local green energy can be reasonably utilized, and feasible reference can be provided for architectural design in cold regions of China. Based on the “dual carbon” goal, the application of photovoltaic technology in building skins is discussed. Through the research of this project, it is possible to clarify ways to reduce carbon emissions and promote local green and sustainable development. Examples were provided to illustrate the main manifestations of photovoltaic building integration. Through the specific application and analysis of photovoltaic housing projects, photovoltaic curtain walls, photovoltaic components, and photovoltaic materials in the skin system, it is explained that photovoltaic materials can play an important role in participating in the shaping of building form and space. The key to the integration of photovoltaic building technology is to find the best balance between energy, comfort, indoor lighting environment, economy, and design aesthetics.

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Oozeki, Takashi. "A Review on Photovoltaic System Technology." Materia Japan 51, no. 4 (2012): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/materia.51.147.

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Yang, Ruiheng. "Review of Photovoltaic Cell Technology Development." Energy and Power Engineering 14, no. 10 (2022): 541–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/epe.2022.1410029.

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Schiller, Eric J., and Brian G. Latham. "Applying Photovoltaic Technology to Pump Water." Canadian Water Resources Journal 13, no. 1 (January 1988): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4296/cwrj1301052.

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Rahman, Atiqur, B. Sarkar, Ajay Kumar, K. Sarma, A. Dey, and A. Upadhyaya. "Solar photovoltaic technology options for smallholders." Journal of Natural Resource Conservation and Management 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.51396/anrcm.1.1.2020.48-53.

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Miller, William A., William H. Golove, and Trina Masepohl. "Research in Photovoltaic Technology for Buildings." Cogeneration & Distributed Generation Journal 21, no. 3 (June 2006): 6–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15453660609509091.

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Indro, M. N., A. Maddu, and E. Eviana. "Utilization of cyanobacteria in photovoltaic technology." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 299 (July 29, 2019): 012064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/299/1/012064.

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Wang, Yaoyao. "Solar Photovoltaic Power Generation Technology Research." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 677 (December 10, 2019): 032039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/677/3/032039.

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Carlson, D. E., K. Rajan, R. R. Arya, F. Willing, and L. Yang. "Advances in amorphous silicon photovoltaic technology." Journal of Materials Research 13, no. 10 (October 1998): 2754–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1998.0377.

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With the advent of new multijunction thin film solar cells, amorphous silicon photovoltaic technology is undergoing a commercial revival with about 30 megawatts of annual capacity coming on-line in the next year. These new a−Si multijunction modules should exhibit stabilized conversion efficiencies on the order of 8%, and efficiencies over 10% may be obtained in the next several years. The improved performance results from the development of amorphous and microcrystalline silicon alloy films with improved optoelectronic properties and from the development of more efficient device structures. Moreover, the manufacturing costs for these multijunction modules using the new large-scale plants should be on the order of $1 per peak watt. These modules may find widespread use in solar farms, photovoltaic roofing, as well as in traditional remote applications.

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Irvine, Stuart. "Editorial: Photovoltaic Science and Technology (PVSAT9)." Materials Research Innovations 18, no. 2 (February 2014): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1432891714z.000000000373.

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Phani, George, Gavin Tulloch, David Vittorio, and Igor Skryabin. "Titania solar cells: new photovoltaic technology." Renewable Energy 22, no. 1-3 (January 2001): 303–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-1481(00)00059-8.

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Kurokawa, Kosuke. "An Overview of Photovoltaic System Technology." IEEJ Transactions on Power and Energy 118, no. 7-8 (1998): 754–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejpes1990.118.7-8_754.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Photovoltaic Technology'

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