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Journal articles on the topic 'Photovoltaic-Wind Turbine-Battery Hybrid Distributed Generation'
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1
Alhasnawi, Bilal, and Basil Jasim. "A New Coordinated Control of Hybrid Microgrids with Renewable Energy Resources Under Variable Loads and Generation Conditions." Iraqi Journal for Electrical and Electronic Engineering 16, no. 2 (July 1, 2020): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.37917/ijeee.16.2.1.
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The hybrid AC/DC microgrid is considered to be more and more popular in power systems as increasing loads. In this study, it is presented that the hybrid AC/DC microgrid is modeled with some renewable energy sources (e.g. solar energy, wind energy) in the residential of the consumer in order to meet the demand. The power generation and consumption are undergoing a major transformation. One of the tendencies is to integrate microgridsinto the distribution network with high penetration ofrenewable energy resources. In this paper, a new distributed coordinated control is proposed for hybrid microgrid, which could apply to both grid-connected mode and islanded mode with hybrid energy resources and variable loads. The proposed system permits coordinated operation of distributed energy resources to concede necessary active power and additional service whenever required. Also, the maximum power point tracking technique is applied to both photovoltaic stations and wind turbines to extract the maximum power from the hybrid power system during the variation of the environmental conditions. Finally, a simulation model is built with a photovoltaic, wind turbine, hybrid microgrid as the paradigm, which can be applied to different scenarios, such as small-sized commercial and residential buildings. The simulation results have verified the effectiveness and feasibility of the introduced strategy for a hybrid microgrid operating in different modes.
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Bakic, Vukman, Milada Pezo, Marina Jovanovic, Valentina Turanjanin, and Biljana Vucicevic. "Technical analysis of photovoltaic/wind systems with hydrogen storage." Thermal Science 16, no. 3 (2012): 865–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci120306132b.
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The technical analysis of a hybrid wind-photovoltaic energy system with hydrogen gas storage was studied. The market for the distributed power generation based on renewable energy is increasing, particularly for the standalone mini-grid applications. The main design components of PV/Wind hybrid system are the PV panels, the wind turbine and an alkaline electrolyzer with tank. The technical analysis is based on the transient system simulation program TRNSYS 16. The study is realized using the meteorological data for a Typical Metrological Year (TMY) for region of Novi Sad, Belgrade cities and Kopaonik national park in Serbia. The purpose of the study is to design a realistic energy system that maximizes the use of renewable energy and minimizes the use of fossil fuels. The reduction in the CO2 emissions is also analyzed in the paper.
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Veronica, A. Jeya, and N. Senthil Kumar. "Development of hybrid microgrid model for frequency stabilization." Wind Engineering 41, no. 5 (August 2, 2017): 343–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309524x17723203.
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Power systems of today are highly complex and highly interconnected. It generates electricity by burning fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, diesel, nuclear fuel, etc.), which produces harmful gases and particles, pollutes environment, and degrades lives. To mitigate the bad impact of burning fossil fuels and meet the increase in electrical system, demand distributed energy sources employing nonconventional energy sources like wind and solar are used. Electric power generation through the nonconventional energy sources has become more viable and cheaper than the fossil fuel–based power plants. This article explores the development of a microgrid model incorporating wind turbine generators, diesel generator, fuel cells, aqua electrolyzers, and battery energy storage systems. An optimization scheme for fixing the proportional–integral controller parameters of frequency regulation is developed for different possible combinations of wind power with other distributed energy resources in the microgrid.
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Gong, Qingwu, Jintao Fang, Hui Qiao, Dong Liu, Si Tan, Haojie Zhang, and Haitao He. "Optimal Allocation of Energy Storage System Considering Price-Based Demand Response and Dynamic Characteristics of VRB in Wind-PV-ES Hybrid Microgrid." Processes 7, no. 8 (August 1, 2019): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7080483.
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Studying the influence of the demand response and dynamic characteristics of the battery energy storage on the configuration and optimal operation of battery energy storage system (BESS) in the Wind-Photovoltaic (PV)-Energy Storage (ES) hybrid microgrid. A demand response model that is based on electricity price elasticity is established based on the time-of-use price. Take the capital-operating cost and direct economic benefit of the BESS and the loss of abandoned photovoltaic and wind power as the optimization objective, an optimal configuration method that considers the dynamic characteristics of the BESS and the maximum absorption of photovoltaic and wind power is proposed while using particle swarm optimization to solve. The results show that the configuration results considering the demand side response of the microgrid BESS can obtain better economy and reduce the storage capacity requirement, and the result shows that the efficiency of BESS relates to the load of the system, the distributed generation (DG) characteristics, and the dynamic characteristics of BESS. Meanwhile, the capacity and power of the energy storage configuration increase as the DG permeability increases due to the reverse load characteristic of the wind power.
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Ray, Prakash, Soumya Mohanty, and Nand Kishor. "Small-Signal Analysis of Autonomous Hybrid Distributed Generation Systems in Presence of Ultracapacitor and Tie-Line Operation." Journal of Electrical Engineering 61, no. 4 (July 1, 2010): 205–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10187-010-0029-0.
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Small-Signal Analysis of Autonomous Hybrid Distributed Generation Systems in Presence of Ultracapacitor and Tie-Line OperationThis paper presents small-signal analysis of isolated as well as interconnected autonomous hybrid distributed generation system for sudden variation in load demand, wind speed and solar radiation. The hybrid systems comprise of different renewable energy resources such as wind, photovoltaic (PV) fuel cell (FC) and diesel engine generator (DEG) along with the energy storage devices such as flywheel energy storage system (FESS) and battery energy storage system (BESS). Further ultracapacitors (UC) as an alternative energy storage element and interconnection of hybrid systems through tie-line is incorporated into the system for improved performance. A comparative assessment of deviation of frequency profile for different hybrid systems in the presence of different storage system combinations is carried out graphically as well as in terms of the performance index (PI),ieintegral square error (ISE). Both qualitative and quantitative analysis reflects the improvements of the deviation in frequency profiles in the presence of the ultracapacitors (UC) as compared to other energy storage elements.
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Lei, Tongfei, Saleem Riaz, Noor Zanib, Munira Batool, Feng Pan, and Shaoguo Zhang. "Performance Analysis of Grid-Connected Distributed Generation System Integrating a Hybrid Wind-PV Farm Using UPQC." Complexity 2022 (March 18, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4572145.
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This work presents a distributed generation system (DG) that combines system of a wind turbine (WT) and photovoltaic (PV) using a unified power quality conditioner (UPQC). Along with providing active power (AP) to the utility grid, Wind-PV-UPQC improves PQ indicators, for example, voltage drops/surges, harmonics of grid voltages, and PF. Since Wind-PV-UPQC depends on dual compensation scheme, the parallel converter works as a sinusoidal voltage source, while the series converter works as a sinusoidal current source. In this way, a smooth transition from grid operation to island operation and vice versa can be achieved without load voltage transitions. In addition, in order to overcome the problems through abrupt solar radiation or wind speed variations, a faster power balance is achieved between the wind turbines, the PV array, and the grid, as FFCL pursue the production of the current references of series converter. Consequently, the dynamic reactions of the converter currents and the voltage of dc bus are enhanced. A comprehensive analysis of flow of the AP through the converters is done to ensure a proper understanding of how Wind-PV-UPQC works. Finally, the simulation results are shown to estimate the dynamic and static performance of Wind-PV-UPQC in conjunction with the power distribution system.
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Khan, Zafar A., Muhammad Imran, Abdullah Altamimi, Ogheneruona E. Diemuodeke, and Amged Osman Abdelatif. "Assessment of Wind and Solar Hybrid Energy for Agricultural Applications in Sudan." Energies 15, no. 1 (December 21, 2021): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15010005.
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In addition to zero-carbon generation, the plummeting cost of renewable energy sources (RES) is enabling the increased use of distributed-generation sources. Although the RES appear to be a cheaper source of energy, without the appropriate design of the RES with a true understanding of the nature of the load, they can be an unreliable and expensive source of energy. Limited research has been aimed at designing small-scale hybrid energy systems for irrigation pumping systems, and these studies did not quantify the water requirement, or in turn the energy required to supply the irrigation water. This paper provides a comprehensive feasibility analysis of an off-grid hybrid renewable energy system for the design of a water-pumping system for irrigation applications in Sudan. A systematic and holistic framework combined with a techno-economic optimization analysis for the planning and design of hybrid renewable energy systems for small-scale irrigation water-pumping systems is presented. Different hybridization cases of solar photovoltaic, wind turbine and battery storage at 12 different sites in Sudan are simulated, evaluated, and compared, considering the crop water requirement for different crops, the borehole depth, and the stochasticity of renewable energy resources. Soil, weather, and climatic data from 12 different sites in Sudan were used for the case studies, with the key aim to find the most robust and reliable solution with the lowest system cost. The results of the case studies suggest that the selection of the system is highly dependent on the cost, the volatility of the wind speed, solar radiation, and the size of the system; at present, hybridization is not the primary option at most of sites, with the exception of two. However, with the reduction in price of wind technology, the possibility of hybrid generation will rise.
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Srinivas, Nirupama P., and Sangeeta Modi. "A Memory Based Current Algorithm for Pole-to-Pole Fault Detection in Microgrids." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 5 (May 31, 2022): 365–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.42182.
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Abstract: The world’s growing attention to sustainable energy and development can be causal to the recently observed disrupt in the existing global power system networks. Moreover, an additional incentive towards this change are the challenges associated with the traditional power grid, including its rigid structure, aging architecture, and ecologically profligate nature. Modern power systems have observed a rapidly growing trend of decentralized energy generation in the recent past. A prominent structure incorporating decentralized energy generation and renewable energy are microgrids. While microgrids promote on-site generation and distributed energy resources (DERs), their unique characteristics of bidirectional flow of power, renewable generational intermittency, and varying levels of current causes challenges uncommon to the traditional grid. One of the vital challenges associated with microgrids is the protection of microgrids against faults and disturbances that can cause impairment to life and property. Conventional protection algorithms are ineffective in protecting the system from faults due to the unconventional topology of the microgrid. This paper attempts to contribute to work in the sector related to the protection of microgrids. This paper presents the pole-to-pole fault analysis of a hybrid photovoltaic system and presents a current based algorithm for the detection of DC pole-to-pole faults in the system under study. The protection algorithm is further verified on a hybrid Photovoltaic-Wind-Battery microgrid. Keywords: DC Faults, Hybrid Microgrids, Power Systems, Protection Algorithm, DERs
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Wang, Yang, Fengyun Chen, Wen Xiao, and Zhengming Li. "Operation Optimization of DC Distribution Network with BSS Based on GA-WDO Hybrid Algorithm." Recent Advances in Electrical & Electronic Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Electrical & Electronic Engineering) 13, no. 7 (November 4, 2020): 1087–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2352096513999200422142041.
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Background: The high permeability of Distributed Generation (DG) and the development of DC load represented by electric vehicle Battery Swapping Station (BSS) pose new challenges to the reliable and economic operation of DC distribution system. Methods: In order to improve the wind and solar absorption rate and the reliable operation of DC distribution network and coordinate the interests and demands of BSS and DC distribution company, the upper level takes the abandonment rate and the minimum variance of BSS charging and discharging net load as two objective functions, and the lower level takes the minimum operation cost of DC distribution network and BSS as the objective function. Secondly, this paper proposes a method that combines Genetic Algorithm (GA) with Wind-Driven Optimization algorithm (WDO). CPLEX and hybrid GA-WDO are used to solve the upper and lower models, respectively. Results: Finally, an example shows that the proposed optimization model can reduce the operation cost of DC distribution network with BSS and improve the utilization rate of wind and light, which shows the rationality and effectiveness of the optimization model. Conclusion: In this paper, considering the randomness and uncertainty of wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation, this paper establishes the upper objective function with the minimum abandonment rate and load variance and the lower objective function with the minimum operation cost of DC distribution network and BSS operators.
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Hailu Kebede, Mikias, and Getachew Bekele Beyene. "Feasibility Study of PV-Wind-Fuel Cell Hybrid Power System for Electrification of a Rural Village in Ethiopia." Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2018 (September 2, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4015354.
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As the energy consumption is increasing in an alarming rate and peoples and international communities are well aware of environmental protection, alternative (i.e., renewable and fuel cell based) distributed generation (DG) systems have attracted increased interest. Wind-based and photovoltaic- (PV-) based power generation are two of the most promising renewable energy technologies. Fuel cell (FC) systems also show great potential in DG applications due to their fast technological development and the merits they have, such as high efficiency, zero or low emissions (of pollutant gases), and flexible modular structure. In this work, the techno-economic feasibility study (using HOMER) of emission-free hybrid power system of solar, wind, and fuel cell power source unit for a given rural village in Ethiopia called Nifasso (latitude of 9°58′40″N and longitude of 39°50′3″E with an estimated population of 1059) that can meet the electricity demand in a sustainable manner has been studied. The main power for the hybrid system comes from the solar and wind energy while the fuel cell and rechargeable batteries are used as a secondary and primary energy back up units, respectively. We can say storage as primary and secondary based on the sequence of operation. Hence, when there is shortage, first the battery discharges to fulfill the load demand and if the battery reaches to its allowable minimum capacity, it will stop further discharging and the fuel cell will operate so as to convert the stored hydrogen into electricity. In the result, different feasible alternative solutions have been obtained with a narrow range of COE which are better than the previously studied PV-wind-Genset hybrid set ups.
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Attya, Ayman B., and Adam Vickers. "Operation and Control of a Hybrid Power Plant with the Capability of Grid Services Provision." Energies 14, no. 13 (June 30, 2021): 3928. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14133928.
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The integration of distributed power plants that rely on renewable energy sources (RESs) is a major challenge for system operators (SOs) due to the variable nature of the input energy (e.g., wind and solar irradiation) to these power sources. A key solution to such a challenge is to coordinate and combine the power generation of these sources such that their behavior is closer to a conventional and dispatchable power station, taking into account the limitations imposed by the battery storage system (BESS), so it is seen as a hybrid power plant (HPP) from the SOs’ viewpoint. This paper develops a model of HPP that encompasses two generation technologies, wind and photovoltaic farms, which are assisted by a BESS. The paper proposes a comprehensive control method that can smooth the HPP output with minimized energy rejection whilst enabling the HPP to provide synthetic inertia and primary frequency response, which are grid-code compliant. The proposed control method is validated through various scenarios, which are implemented on a detailed electromechanical test system modeled in MATLAB/Simulink. The results show and quantify the achieved improvement on stabilizing the HPP capacity factor under variable wind speed. The HPP also enhances the system response to frequency events.
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Elsherbiny, Aya M., Adel S. Nada, and Mohammed Kamal Ahmed. "Smooth transition from grid to standalone solar diesel mode hybrid generation system with a battery." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 10, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 2065. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i4.pp2065-2075.
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This paper described a self-supply smart microgrid which may be a low voltage or medium voltage distribution network. It considered an efficient energy system in which different renewable sources as photo-voltaic array, wind, or conventional as diesel generator, and storage called distributed generators which organized to chance the load power demand at any time with reliability. It can operate either on-grid or off-grid configuration, especially limited areas far from the utility grid needed another backup power. By using Matlab/Simulink, a solar PV system is modeled, simulated, and determined the characteristic of a particular photovoltaic cell panel under the influence of different values of ambient conditions. Taking into consideration MPPT algorithm which increases the solar energy efficiency by Incremental conductance technique to track MPP correctly with fast response. Power electronic DC/DC converter and DC/AC inverter are used with PWM technique. To compensate the power fluctuations of the system under different possible transient cases, a high performance control based on an improved virtual synchronous generator is added to confirm smooth variants in voltage, frequency and active power during transient conditions. The results show the PV/Diesel generator/battery/power/frequency and voltage performance at two different conditions.
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Priyadarshi, Neeraj, Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban, Dan M. Ionel, Lucian Mihet-Popa, and Farooque Azam. "Hybrid PV-Wind, Micro-Grid Development Using Quasi-Z-Source Inverter Modeling and Control—Experimental Investigation." Energies 11, no. 9 (August 29, 2018): 2277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11092277.
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This research work deals with the modeling and control of a hybrid photovoltaic (PV)-Wind micro-grid using Quasi Z-source inverter (QZsi). This inverter has major benefits as it provides better buck/boost characteristics, can regulate the phase angle output, has less harmonic contents, does not require the filter and has high power performance characteristics over the conventional inverter. A single ended primary inductance converter (SEPIC) module used as DC-DC switched power apparatus is employed for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) functions which provide high voltage gain throughout the process. Moreover, a modified power ratio variable step (MPRVS) based perturb & observe (P&O) method has been proposed, as part of the PV MPPT action, which forces the operating point close to the maximum power point (MPP). The proposed controller effectively correlates with the hybrid PV, Wind and battery system and provides integration of distributed generation (DG) with loads under varying operating conditions. The proposed standalone micro grid system is applicable specifically in rural places. The dSPACE real-time hardware platform has been employed to test the proposed micro grid system under varying wind speed, solar irradiation, load cutting and removing conditions etc. The experimental results based on a real-time digital platform, under dynamic conditions, justify the performance of a hybrid PV-Wind micro-grid with Quasi Z-Source inverter topology.
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Li, Zheng, Yan Qin, Xin Cao, Shaodong Hou, and Hexu Sun. "Wind-Solar-Hydrogen Hybrid Energy Control Strategy Considering Delayed Power of Hydrogen Production." Electrotehnica, Electronica, Automatica 69, no. 2 (May 15, 2021): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.46904/eea.21.69.2.1108001.
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In order to meet the load demand of power system, BP based on genetic algorithm is applied to the typical daily load forecasting in summer. The demand change of summer load is analysed. Simulation results show the accuracy of the algorithm. In terms of power supply, the reserves of fossil energy are drying up. According to the prediction of authoritative organizations, the world's coal can be mined for 216 years. As a renewable energy, wind power has no carbon emissions compared with traditional fossil energy. At present, it is generally believed that wind energy and solar energy are green power in the full sense, and they are inexhaustible clean power. The model of wind power solar hydrogen hybrid energy system is established. The control strategy of battery power compensation for delayed power of hydrogen production is adopted, and different operation modes are divided. The simulation results show that the system considering the control strategy can well meet the load demand. Battery energy storage system is difficult to respond to short-term peak power fluctuations. Super capacitor is used to suppress it. This paper studies the battery supercapacitor complementary energy storage system and its control strategy. When the line impedance of each generation unit in power grid is not equal, its output reactive power will be affected by the line impedance and distributed unevenly. A droop coefficient selection method of reactive power sharing is proposed. Energy storage device is needed to balance power and maintain DC voltage stability in the DC side of microgrid. Therefore, a new droop control strategy is proposed. By detecting the DC voltage, dynamically translating the droop characteristic curve, adjusting the output power, maintaining the DC voltage in a reasonable range, reducing the capacity of the DC side energy storage device. Photovoltaic grid connected inverter chooses the new droop control strategy.
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Jain, Shubhanshee, and Eknath Borkar. "Operational Cost Minimization of Grid Connected Microgrid System Using Fire Fly Technique." Journal of Informatics Electrical and Electronics Engineering (JIEEE) 1, no. 2 (November 18, 2020): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.54060/jieee/001.02.001.
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Present time, green energy sources interfacing to the utility grid by utilizing microgrid system is very vital to satisfy the ever increasing energy demand. Optimal operation of the microgrid system improved the generation from the distributed renewable energy sources at the lowest operational cost. Large amount of constraints and variables are associated with the microgrid economic operation problem. Thus, this problem is very complex and required efficient technique for handing the problem adequately. There-fore, this research utilized the efficient fire fly optimization technique for solving the formulated microgrid operation control problem. Fire fly algorithm is based on the behavior and nature of the fire flies. A microgrid system modelling which incorporated various distributed energy sources such as solar photo voltaic, wind turbine, micro turbine, fuel cell, diesel generator, electric vehicle technology, battery energy storage system and demands. Energy storage system is utilized in this research for supporting renewable energy sources’ integration in more reliable and qualitative way. Further, the electric vehicle technology i.e. battery electric vehicle, plug-in hybrid electric vehicle and fuel cell electric vehicle are utilized to support the microgrid and utility grid systems with respect to variable demands. Optimal operational cost minimization problem of the developed microgrid system is solved by fire fly algorithm and compared with the grey wolf optimization and particle swarm optimization techniques. By comparative analysis it is clear that the fire fly algorithm provides the minimum operational cost of microgrid system as compared to the GWO and PSO. MATLAB software is utilized to model the microgrid system and implementation of the optimization techniques.
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Miroshnichenko, Aleksey A., Evgeniy V. Solomin, Evgeniy M. Gordievsky, Askar Z. Kulganatov, and Vitaliy I. Stanchauskas. "Analyzing the Strategies for Controlling a Hybrid Energy Complex Based on Renewable Energy Source." Vestnik MEI 5, no. 5 (2020): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24160/1993-6982-2020-5-67-78.
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One of the priority objectives faced by the Russian electric power industry is supplying power to decentralized areas. These areas include the regions of the Far North and the Far East, which are characterized by remoteness from the unified energy system, low population density in vast territories, weak transport links, and undeveloped industry. In view of these features, it can be concluded that it is economically unprofitable to connect such consumers to the unified energy system. The use of renewable energy sources is the most promising solution to this problem. This, in particular, was noted by the President of Russia V.V. Putin during the “Russian Energy Week”: ‘Wind power, of course holds promise as a method for solving the problem of supplying electricity to the population, but it would be more correct to talk about the integrated use of alternative energy sources....’ Recently, the idea of using hybrid energy generation systems has become a priority issue in considering the electrification of isolated regions. Calculations have shown that such systems are more reliable and economically profitable in comparison with the generation of energy from only one of the sources. The use of combined energy generation systems is dictated by several factors, the main of which is that individual sources of renewable energy are variable in nature, which entails difficulties in ensuring uninterrupted power supply. Such problems do not arise in the case of using hybrid systems. The possibility of using a load distribution control strategy for a hybrid system consisting of photovoltaic panels, a diesel generator, and storage batteries, and operating according to a specified load schedule with the known battery charge/discharge cycles is considered. It is pointed out that the HOMER software package is a suitable tool for carrying out an optimization analysis regarding the technical, economic, and environmental factors of the proposed systems, taking into account the load variation pattern, battery charge/discharge cycles and distributed load. By using this software, it is possible to select the most optimal control strategy for combined power supply systems that allows, along with improving their reliability, better efficiency and longer service life to be obtained.
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Gbadega, Peter Anuoluwapo, and Olufunke Abolaji Balogun. "Modeling and Control of Grid-Connected Solar-Wind Hybrid Micro-Grid System with Multiple-Input Ćuk DC-DC Converter for Household & High Power Applications." International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa 58 (January 11, 2022): 191–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jera.58.191.
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There is a continuous global need for more energy, which must be cleaner than energy produced from the conventional generation technologies. As such, this need has necessitated the increasing penetration of distributed generation technologies and primarily on renewable energy sources. This paper presents a dynamic modeling and control strategy for a sustainable micro-grid, principally powered by multiple renewable energy sources (solar energy, wind energy and Fuel cell), micro sources (such as diesel generator, micro-gas turbine etc.) and energy storage scheme. More importantly, a current-source-interface, multiple-input dc-dc converter is utilized to coordinate the sustainable power sources to the main dc bus. Thus, for tracking maximum power available in solar energy, maximum power point tracking algorithm is applied. The proposed system is designed to meet load demand, manage power flow from various sources, inject excess power into the grid, and charge the battery from the grid as needed. More so, the proposed converter architecture has reduced number of power conversion stages with less component count, and reduced losses compared to existing grid-connected hybrid systems. This improves the efficiency and reliability of the system. The utilization of energy storage is essential owing to the intermittent nature of the renewable energy sources and the consequent peak power shift between the sources and the load. Following this further, a supervisory control system is designed to handle various changes in power supply and power demand by managing power intermittency, power peak shaving, and long-term energy storage. The entire hybrid system is described given along with comprehensive simulation results that reveal the feasibility of the whole scheme. The system model is designed and simulated in MATLAB SimPowerSystem in order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
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Zhang, Yu Feng, Wen Qiang Xu, Zhi Yong Dai, Qiang Gang Wang, and Nian Cheng Zhou. "Modeling and Testing of Hybrid Energy Microgrid with Wind Turbine and Photovoltaic Power." Advanced Materials Research 960-961 (June 2014): 813–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.960-961.813.
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Modeling of the wind and PV hybrid microgrid is carried out by PSCAD/EMTDC. The model includes direct-drive wind power generator, Single-stage photovoltaic power generation system and storage battery. Simulate and analyze the operating characteristics of the microgrid running in grid-connected and islanding mode, which take into account the actual wind speed and light intensity. The simulation results show that the battery is able to regulate the voltage of the point of common coupling and smooth the power fluctuation of wind generator and PV generation system in the grid-connected mode. The microgrid can isolate itself from the grid in a rapid and seamless fashion when the battery adopting P/V and Q/f control strategy based on the droop characteristics.
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Xie, Pu, Su Ning Zhang, Man Cao, and Rui Li. "Research on Designing and Modeling of the Hybrid Energy Power Supply System." Advanced Materials Research 805-806 (September 2013): 833–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.805-806.833.
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Based on traditional complementary power supply system, the actual wind-PV-diesel hybrid energy supply system comprising three energy sources, namely PV, wind and diesel generations based on dc bus is established. Each of the three energy sources is controlled so as to deliver energy at optimum efficiency. Then the designing and computing modeling of distributed sources such as wind turbines, photovoltaic array and battery is proposed. Models of wind turbines, photovoltaic array and characteristics of the battery, respectively established the mathematical model of them, and then the simulation model is respectively built by PSCAD/EMTDC. So a micro-network experiment and simulation platform is established, which can simulate any power of wind and solar power output characteristics.
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Qiao, Lei, Li Guo, and Chu Ning Luo. "Multi-Objective Optimal Planning Design Method for Stand-Alone Microgrid Systems." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 2654–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.2654.
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In this paper, a multi-objective optimal planning design model including net cost, loss of capacity and pollutant emission in a life cycle was presented for a stand-alone microgrid system with diesel generators, wind turbine generators, photovoltaic generation and lead-acid battery. In this model, the two coordinated operational strategies between diesel generators and battery, the dispatching method for diesel generators, and the reserve capacity were considered. The type and capacity of distributed generation units were selected as the optimal variables. The optimal allocation of distributed generation units and battery for an island microgrid system was carried out under the different combination objectives and control strategies by the self-developed software (Planning Design System for Microgrid, PDMG).
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Johar, Farhana, Julies Bong Shu Ai, and Fuaada Mohd Siam. "Sizing Optimization of Hybrid Photovoltaic-Wind-Battery System towards Zero Energy Building using Genetic Algorithm." MATEMATIKA 36, no. 3 (December 1, 2020): 235–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/matematika.v36.n3.1237.
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A new topic of Zero Energy Building (ZEB) is getting famous in research areabecause of its goal of reaching zero carbon emission and low building cost. Renewableenergy system is one of the ideas to achieve the objective of ZEB. Genetic Algorithm (GA)is widely used in many research areas due to its capability to escape from a local minimalto obtain a better solution. In our study, GA is chosen in sizing optimization of thenumber of photovoltaic, wind turbine and battery of a hybrid photovoltaic-wind-batterysystem. The aim is to minimize the total annual cost (TAC) of the hybrid energy systemtowards the low cost concept of ZEB. Two GA parameters, which are generation numberand population size, have been analysed and optimized in order to meet the minimumTAC. The results show that the GA is efficient in minimizing cost function of a hybridphotovoltaic-wind-battery system with its robustness property
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Yuan, Tianze, Hua Li, and Dong Jia. "Modeling and Control Strategy of Wind-Solar Hydrogen Storage Coupled Power Generation System." Journal of Intelligent Systems and Control 1, no. 1 (October 30, 2022): 18–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.56578/jisc010103.
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Hydrogen production by wind and solar hybrid power generation is an important means to solve the strong randomness and high volatility of wind and solar power generation. In this paper, the permanent magnet direct-drive wind turbine, photovoltaic power generation unit, battery pack, and electrolyzer are assembled in the AC bus, and the mathematical model of the wind-solar hydrogen storage coupled power generation system and the simulation model in PSCAD/EMTDC are established. An energy coordination control strategy is designed. After simulation, the proposed control strategy can effectively reduce the rate of curtailment of wind and solar power, and stabilize the fluctuation of wind and solar power generation. It verifies that the established model is correct and the control strategy is effective and feasible.
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Shneen, Salam Waley. "Advanced Optimal for Power-Electronic Systems for the Grid Integration of Energy Sources." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 1, no. 3 (March 1, 2016): 543. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v1.i3.pp543-555.
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Renewable and clean energies like a photovoltaic (PV) energy and wind energy (WE), they can contribute in decreasing the electric energy cost. Energy storage is necessary in PV and WE hybrid system with the variable nature. A hybrid system (PV, WE and diesel), it uses the aim of minimizing the total cost and ensuring the energy available. In this paper, the modeling and cost analysis of a hybrid system (PV, WE and diesel) considering three types systems: First, diesel with a hybrid system. Second, diesel and battery with a hybrid system. Third, grid, battery and hybrid system. In comparison to all types, for cost analysis, a mathematical model have introduced for each type. There are two parts of this work. First by Homer software, it has been used to find the system feasibility and conduct the economic analysis. Second by Matlab simulation, this paper includes status of grid integration in one day through twenty four. The power generation by wind turbine, the change of wind speed which effect on values of power generation. The power generation by solar cell, the change of temperature and radiation which effect in values of power generation.
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Et. al., Yashwant Joshi,. "Intelligent Control Strategy to Enhance Power Smoothing of Renewable based Microgrid with Hybrid Energy Storage." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 8 (May 15, 2021): 3090–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i8.4148.
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A stand-alone renewable based microgrid (MG) performance with a hybrid energy storage system has been examined in this work. Stand-alone MG system mainly consists of a solar photovoltaic (PV) and permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) based wind system. The hybrid energy storage system is based on Ni-Metal- Hydride (NiMH) battery and a supercapacitor (SC). The paper's primary goal is to propose an artificial neural network (ANN) based control strategy for charging/discharging control of Ni-Metal- Hydride battery & supercapacitor. The proposed maximum power tracking techniques (MPPT) include perturb and observe (P& O) algorithm for solar PV system while optimum torque (OT) MPPT for PMSG based wind turbine. The ANN-based control mechanism can maintain the DC bus voltage constant and trigger the supercapacitor to limit the battery current when the battery charging/ discharging current reached its threshold value. The proposed model responds quickly to intermittent nature PV-wind power generation or load power variation.
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Oğuz, Yüksel, and M. Feyzi Özsoy. "Sizing, design, and installation of an isolated wind–photovoltaic hybrid power system with battery storage for laboratory general illumination in Afyonkarahisar, Turkey." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 26, no. 4 (April 5, 2017): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2016/v26i4a2113.
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power generation system of a size able to meet the electric power requirement for general illumination of the electric laboratory at Afyon Kocatepe University was dimensioned and installed. While determining the installation power of the hybrid wind–solar power generation system, the regional wind–solar energy potential and the magnitude of demanded power were the most important factors. It was decided to supply 400 W of the total 500 W of electric power required by the lamp group used for illumination of the electric laboratory from solar panels and 100 W from a wind turbine according to the wind–solar energy potential of the region and the cost analysis. For the hybrid energy-generation system that was designed and installed, by considering the data for the annual mean sunshine period and wind speed, the most suitable system components and thus the installation cost were determined. The electric power generated by the hybrid wind–solar power generation system and the electric power consumed by the laboratory illumination elements supplied with this system during one year were compared. According to the 12-month measurement results for power generation and consumption in the installed system, it was observed that the generated electric power was higher than the consumed electric power. Consequently, by not paying the total electric bill for electric power consumed by the general illumination elements, use of it for other education expenses was made possible. Besides, the installation costs in Turkey were compared with those in the countries of Denmark, Germany, Spain, and Portugal, where two important components of the dimensioned and installed hybrid wind–solar power generation system – wind and solar energy – are used effectively.
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Ram Prabhakar, J., and K. Ragavan. "Power Management Based Current Control Technique for Photovoltaic-Battery Assisted Wind–Hydro Hybrid System." International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems 14, no. 4 (July 24, 2013): 351–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijeeps-2013-0056.
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Abstract This article proposes new power management based current control strategy for integrated wind–solar–hydro system equipped with battery storage mechanism. In this control technique, an indirect estimation of load current is done, through energy balance model, DC-link voltage control and droop control. This system features simpler energy management strategy and necessitates few power electronic converters, thereby minimizing the cost of the system. The generation–demand (G–D) management diagram is formulated based on the stochastic weather conditions and demand, which would likely moderate the gap between both. The features of management strategy deploying energy balance model include (1) regulating DC-link voltage within specified tolerances, (2) isolated operation without relying on external electric power transmission network, (3) indirect current control of hydro turbine driven induction generator and (4) seamless transition between grid-connected and off-grid operation modes. Furthermore, structuring of the hybrid system with appropriate selection of control variables enables power sharing among each energy conversion systems and battery storage mechanism. By addressing these intricacies, it is viable to regulate the frequency and voltage of the remote network at load end. The performance of the proposed composite scheme is demonstrated through time-domain simulation in MATLAB/Simulink environment.
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Zenned, Sameh, Emna Aridhi, and Abdelkader Mami. "Modeling and Control of Micro-grid Powered by Solar and Wind Energies." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 8, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v8.i1.pp402-416.
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The number of installations of Micro-Grid or intelligent micro power networks will increase to quadruple by 2020.The purpose is to reduce the cost and the consumption of electricity in transmission and distribution networks, using a hybrid system powered by solar and wind sources, as well as integrating storage devices. This paper reviews and discusses the Micro-Grid Model. It describes various Micro-Grid components and different configurations. It also presents the model of two generation units (Photovoltaic and Wind Turbine). Then, a comparative study of different battery types used for large-scale electricity storage is carried out, followed by a review of control strategies.
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Song, Xu Ri, Lei Wang, Lin Ye, Yu Zou, Jie Xu, and Cheng Long Dou. "Analysis of Short-Circuit Calculation in Microgrid with Wind/Solar Micro-Sources Based on IEC STANDARD 60909." Advanced Materials Research 1008-1009 (August 2014): 155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1008-1009.155.
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Microgrid are LV or MV electric networks which utilize various distributed generators (DG) to serve local loads.In this paper an equivalent model of a hybrid system including wind power and solar power generating units has been built based on the mathematical models of wind turbine(WT) and photovoltaic(PV).Control strategies of the converters have been also developed. The short-circuit current and voltage levels of the microgrid have been calculated respectively based on the IEC 60909 standard corresponding to the occurrence of a three-phases short-circuit at the Point of the Common Coupling(PCC). Simulation results verified that the micro sources and microgrid built in this paper can simulate the actual system operation very well, and it can provide a simulation platform for further study of operation characteristics of system-integrated microgrid.
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Aazami, Rahmat, Omid Heydari, Jafar Tavoosi, Mohammadamin Shirkhani, Ardashir Mohammadzadeh, and Amir Mosavi. "Optimal Control of an Energy-Storage System in a Microgrid for Reducing Wind-Power Fluctuations." Sustainability 14, no. 10 (May 19, 2022): 6183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14106183.
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In conventional low-voltage grids, energy-storage devices are mainly driven by final consumers to correct peak consumption or to protect against sources of short-term breaks. With the advent of microgrids and the development of energy-storage systems, the use of this equipment has steadily increased. Distributed generations (DGs), including wind-power plants as a renewable energy source, produces vacillator power due to the nature of variable wind. Microgrids have output power fluctuations, which can cause devastating effects such as frequency fluctuations. Storage can be used to fix this problem. In this paper, a grid-connected wind turbine and a photovoltaic system are investigated considering the atmospheric conditions and wind-speed variations, and a control method is proposed. The main purpose of this paper is to optimize the capacity of energy-storage devices to eliminate power fluctuations in the microgrid. Finally, the conclusion shows that, in microgrids with supercapacitors, the optimal capacity of microgrid supercapacitors is determined. This method of control, utilizing the combined energy-storage system of the battery supercapacitor, in addition to reducing the active power volatility of the wind turbine and photovoltaic generation systems, also considers the level of battery protection and reduction in reactive-power fluctuations. In the proposed control system, the DC link in the energy-storage systems is separate from most of the work conducted, which can increase the reliability of the whole system. The simulations of the studied system are performed in a MATLAB software environment.
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Kotapuri, Mercy Rosalina, and Rajesh Kumar Samala. "Distributed Generation Effect on Distribution System." Journal Européen des Systèmes Automatisés 54, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 155–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/jesa.540118.
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The idea about this proposed work, to know the Distributed Generation (DG) impact on distribution scheme. This is to improve the performance of the system using power loss reduction and voltage development. In this proposed work Wind Turbine (WT) and Photo-Voltaic (PV) units were taken for DGs and various algorithms are tested to get the effect of DG on network. In this paper one new hybrid algorithm is proposed to have optimal size and location of various types of DGs. Initially, active and reactive power losses of the test system and voltage at every bus of the test system were examined using Back and Forward (B/FW) Sweep technique. Similarly, Gravitational Search Analysis (GSA), BAT Analysis (BA) and Ant Lion Optimization (ALO) techniques were utilized to examine the parameters of the same test system. Finally, all the constraints were compared with projected hybrid approach. All the algorithms have tested on IEEE-33 and IEEE-69 standard test systems. Furthermore, the MATLAB simulation is used to get the optimal allocation of DGs.
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Zhang, Guoping, Weijun Wang, Jie Du, and Haoyun Sheng. "Multiobjective Economic Optimal Dispatch for the Island Isolated Microgrid under Uncertainty Based on Interval Optimization." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (October 11, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9983104.
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In order to analyse the impact of renewable generation and load uncertainties on the economic operation optimization of the island microgrid, a multiobjective economic optimal dispatch model under uncertainty based on interval optimization is proposed in this paper. The mathematical model of distributed generation and the prediction model of wind speed and wave generation are established. The uncertainties of renewable generation and load are described by the interval mathematical method. On this basis, the interval multiobjective optimal dispatch model is presented. For the “battery disgusting” users on the island, the battery cost is regarded as a separate optimization objective, and a multiobjective optimization objective function to minimize the economic cost, battery cost, and pollution emission of the island microgrid is discussed. An island microgrid, composed of wind turbine, photovoltaic, wave energy generation, diesel generator, and energy storage system, is chosen as a case study. The NSGA-II algorithm is applied to solve the multiobjective optimal problem. The results for deterministic forecast data and load are analysed, and the optimal operation scheme is obtained by the improved multiobjective grey target decision-making method. The influence of renewable generation fluctuations ±10%, ±20%, and ±30% and the load fluctuations ±10% and ±20% on island microgrid operation optimization is discussed in detail, respectively. The relevant research results can provide a reference for formulating the operating scheme of the island microgrid.
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P.K, Olulope. "ENERGY MANAGEMENT AND ACTIVE POWER CONTROL OF A HYDRID DISTRIBUTED GENERATION USING GENETIC ALGORITHM." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 6, no. 5 (May 31, 2018): 456–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v6.i5.2018.1480.
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The possibility of meeting the load demands and manage the energy of Okesha, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria using a hybrid system of power generation consisting of Wind/Solar PV energy sources in conjunction with the battery energy storage (Fuel cells) which act as a backup to the system is presented. The control mechanism is done through the use of genetic algorithm to optimally allocate the load and to control the charging and discharging of the battery. The results shows that the hybrid energy system through the control mechanism was able manage the energy generated so as to provide sufficient power to meet the optimum needs of the citizen of Okesha area in Ado Ekiti.
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Le, Phuc Duy, Duong Bui Minh, Hoai Banh Duc, Hoan Nguyen Thanh, Minh Doan Ngoc, Tung Nguyen Minh, and Khoi Nguyen Minh. "Simulation on power-flow dispatching cases for Microgrid with PVS and battery energy storage system." Science & Technology Development Journal - Engineering and Technology 2, no. 3 (January 22, 2020): 163–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjet.v2i3.567.
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Modern Microgrid (MG) mainly consists of distributed generators (DGs), energy storage systems (ESSs), different loads, and protection systems. Microgrid plays an important role not only to ensure the power supply reliability but also to improve the power quality in distribution network. Moreover, deployment of distributed generators such as Photovoltaic Generation System (PVS), wind turbine generation system, and energy storage systems diversifies operation and control modes of AC microgrid in order to meet local demand response. This paper studies on power-flow dispatching cases for a MG with PVS and Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), which considers the maximum power consumption generated by the PVS and minimizes the power received from the utility grid. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of BESS for actively dispatching power-flow of MG in case the PVSs cannot partially or fully meet the local demand response in peak hours. By using ETAP software, real data of the PVSs are used to do simulation and power-flow calculation for the MG, which is to evaluate the feasibility of power-flow dispatch solutions proposed in this paper.
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Miao, Chunqiong, Kailiang Teng, Yaodong Wang, and Long Jiang. "Technoeconomic Analysis on a Hybrid Power System for the UK Household Using Renewable Energy: A Case Study." Energies 13, no. 12 (June 22, 2020): 3231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13123231.
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The United Kingdom has abundant renewable energy resources from wind, solar, biomass and others. Meanwhile, domestic sector consumes large amount of electricity and natural gas. This paper aims to explore the potentials of a hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) to supply power and heat for a household with the optimal configuration. A typical house in the United Kingdom is selected as a case study and its energy consumption is collected and analysed. Based on energy demands of the house, a distributed HRES including wind turbine, solar photovoltaic (PV) and biogas genset is designed and simulated to satisfy the power and heat demands. Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable (HOMER) Software is used to conduct this technoeconomic analysis. It is found that the HRES system with one 1-kW wind turbine, one 1-kW sized biogas genset, four battery units and one 1-kW sized power converter is the most feasible solution, which can supply enough power and heat to meet the household demands. In addition, the HRES system has the lowest net present cost (NPC) of $14,507 and the lowest levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of $0.588 kW−1·h−1. The case study is also quite insightful to other European countries.
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An, Luu, and Tran Tuan. "Dynamic Programming for Optimal Energy Management of Hybrid Wind–PV–Diesel–Battery." Energies 11, no. 11 (November 5, 2018): 3039. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11113039.
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With the dramatic development of renewable energy resources all over the world, Vietnam has started to apply them along with the conventional resources to produce the electrical power in recent years. Visually, the aim of this action is to improve the economic as well as the environmental benefits. Therefore, a vast of hybrid systems that combine Wind turbine, Photovoltaic (PV), Diesel generator and battery have been considered with different configurations. According to this topic, there are lots of research trends in the literature. However, we aim to the optimal energy management of this hybrid system. In particular, in this paper, we propose an optimization method to deal with it. The interesting point of the proposed method is the usage of the information of sources, loads, and electricity market as an embedded forecast step to enhance the effectiveness of the actual operation via minimizing the operation cost by scheduling distributed energy resources (DER) while regarding emission reduction in the hybrid system is considered as the objective function. In this optimization problem, the constraints are determined by two terms, namely: the balance of power between the supply and the load demand, and also the limitations of each DER. Thus, to solve this problem, we make use of the dynamic programming (DP) to transform a system into a multi-stage decision procedure with respect to the state of charge (SOC), resulting in the minimum system cost (CS). In order to highlight the pros of the proposed method, we implement the comparison to a rule-based method in the same context. The simulation results are examined in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the developed methodology, which is a so-called global optimization.
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Rezkallah, Miloud, Hussein Ibrahim, Félix Dubuisson, Ambrish Chandra, Sanjeev Singh, Bhim Singh, and Mohamad Issa. "Hardware Implementation of Composite Control Strategy for Wind-PV-Battery Hybrid Off-Grid Power Generation System." Clean Technologies 3, no. 4 (November 16, 2021): 821–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol3040048.
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In this paper, a composite control strategy for improved off-grid configuration based on photovoltaic (PV array), a wind turbine (WT), and a diesel engine (DE) generator to achieve high performance while supplying nonlinear loads is investigated. To operate the WT efficiently under variable speed conditions and to obtain accurate and fast convergence to the maximum global operating point without a speed sensor, an iterative interpolation method is integrated with the perturbation and observation (P&O) technique. To ensure the balance of power in the system and to achieve the maximum power from the PV array without using any maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method, and ensuring stable operation during the disturbance, a double-loop control strategy for a two-switches buck-boost converter is developed. Furthermore, to protect the synchronous generator of the diesel generator (DG) from the 5th and 7th order-harmonics created by the connected nonlinear loads and to solve the issue of the filter resonance, the interfacing three-phase inverter is controlled using an improved synchronous-reference frame algorithm (SRF) with virtual impedance active damping. The presented work demonstrates effective and efficient control along with improved performance and cost-effective option as compared to the similar works reported in the literature. The performance of the presented off-grid configuration and its developed composite control strategy are tested using MATLAB/Simulink and validated through small-scale hardware prototyping.
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Juma, Mwaka I., Bakari M. M. Mwinyiwiwa, Consalva J. Msigwa, and Aviti T. Mushi. "Design of a Hybrid Energy System with Energy Storage for Standalone DC Microgrid Application." Energies 14, no. 18 (September 21, 2021): 5994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14185994.
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This paper presents microgrid-distributed energy resources (DERs) for a rural standalone system. It is made up of a solar photovoltaic (solar PV) system, battery energy storage system (BESS), and a wind turbine coupled to a permanent magnet synchronous generator (WT-PMSG). The DERs are controlled by maximum power point tracking (MPPT)-based proportional integral (PI) controllers for both maximum power tracking and error feedback compensation. The MPPT uses the perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm for tracking the maximum power point of the DERs. The PI gains are tuned using the Ziegler–Nichols method. The developed system was built and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink under two conditions—constant load, and step-load changes. The controllers enabled the BESS to charge even during conditions of varying load and other environmental factors such as change of irradiance and wind speed. The reference was tracked extremely well by the output voltage of the DC microgrid. This is useful research for electrifying the rural islanded areas which are too far from the grid.
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Pal, Poushali, Parvathy Ayalur Krishnamoorthy, Devabalaji Kaliaperumal Rukmani, S. Joseph Antony, Simon Ocheme, Umashankar Subramanian, Rajvikram Madurai Elavarasan, Narottam Das, and Hany M. Hasanien. "Optimal Dispatch Strategy of Virtual Power Plant for Day-Ahead Market Framework." Applied Sciences 11, no. 9 (April 23, 2021): 3814. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11093814.
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Renewable energy sources prevail as a clean energy source and their penetration in the power sector is increasing day by day due to the growing concern for climate action. However, the intermittent nature of the renewable energy based-power generation questions the grid security, especially when the utilized source is solar radiation or wind flow. The intermittency of the renewable generation can be met by the integration of distributed energy resources. The virtual power plant (VPP) is a new concept which aggregates the capacities of various distributed energy resources, handles controllable and uncontrollable loads, integrates storage devices and empowers participation as an individual power plant in the electricity market. The VPP as an energy management system (EMS) should optimally dispatch the power to its consumers. This research work is proposed to analyze the optimal scheduling of generation in VPP for the day-ahead market framework using the beetle antenna search (BAS) algorithm under various scenarios. A case study is considered for this analysis in which the constituting energy resources include a photovoltaic solar panel (PV), micro-turbine (MT), wind turbine (WT), fuel cell (FC), battery energy storage system (BESS) and controllable loads. The real-time hourly load curves are considered in this work. Three different scenarios are considered for the optimal dispatch of generation in the VPP to analyze the performance of the proposed technique. The uncertainties of the solar irradiation and the wind speed are modeled using the beta distribution method and Weibull distribution method, respectively. The performance of the proposed method is compared with other evolutionary algorithms such as particle swarm optimization (PSO) and the genetic algorithm (GA). Among these above-mentioned algorithms, the proposed BAS algorithm shows the best scheduling with the minimum operating cost of generation.
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Yousef, Ali Mohamed, Farag K. Abo-Elyousr, Ahmed Elnozohy, Moayed Mohamed, and Saad A. Mohamed Abdelwahab. "Fractional Order PI Control in Hybrid Renewable Power Generation System to Three Phase Grid Connection." International Journal on Electrical Engineering and Informatics 12, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 470–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.15676/ijeei.2020.12.3.5.
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The main objective of this paper is to allow renewable energy sources (RES) to actively participate within hybrid microgrid by proposing a new control system based on fractional order proportional integral (FOPI) controller. Fractional order proportional integral controller is a classical proportional integral (PI) in which the integral part is a fraction instead of integer numbers. The paper introduces a hybrid photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine and battery storage system connected to a three-phase grid. Three types of controller are considered and compared for a hybrid renewable energy system (HRES), namely, FOPI, PI, and the fractional order integral control (FIC). For the PV resource, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller was designed using the incremental conductance plus integral regulator technique. A DC/DC boost converter was utilized to connect the renewable energy resources to a point of common coupling. MATLAB/Simulink is adopted to perform the simulation results of the developed HRES. The results show that the FOPI controller outperforms other controllers under several operating conditions. The paper also includes experimental results from a prototype real scale.
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Bankar, Gulshan. "“Improvement in Power Quality of Grid Connected PV & Wind Power Generation System”." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 2 (February 28, 2022): 116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40197.
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Abstract: Power structure is really extraordinary and future one system. In this structure, there is wind system with neighboring planetary gathering and diesel generator system, which is limit in one spot that is reserves (Batteries) and yield, gives age sources, little turbines system used in hybrid, infers relationship with battery, diesel-generator and photovoltaic system. The breeze is a wellspring of free-energy, which has been used since bygone era. It is used of wind stream through wind turbine to provide the mechanical ability to change into electrical power this structure for used by a wide margin off and off-network system in like manner, that marvel called hybrid power system. Now and again, this blend power system in any case called Green Energy. Mix of something like two economical power sources is more convincing than single. This is called as blend system. 'Hybrid' connotes unite harmless to the ecosystem power sources headways. This advancements yield gives electric deftly gets at home, on-network and so forth Numerous combination system sources, which worked off-grid structure, not related with an appropriated structure from this system, we set aside the energy power stream in batteries. A mix of somewhere around two supportable power sources is more effective than a singular is brought with respect to cost, capability and reliability. Energy is the main element for both present day and agribusiness progression of any country. Keywords: Charging station, DC grid, Electric vehicle, MATLAB Simulink
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Belbachir, N., M. Zellagui, S. Settoul, C. Z. El-Bayeh, and B. Bekkouche. "Simultaneous optimal integration of photovoltaic distributed generation and battery energy storage system in active distribution network using chaotic grey wolf optimization." Electrical Engineering & Electromechanics, no. 3 (June 23, 2021): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2074-272x.2021.3.09.
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Goal. The integration of photovoltaic distributed generations in the active distribution network has raised quickly due to their importance in delivering clean energy, hence, participating in solving various problems as climate change and pollution. Adding the battery energy storage systems would be considered as one of the best choices in giving solutions to the mentioned issues due to its characteristics of quick charging and discharging, managing the quality of power, and fulfilling the peak of energy demand. The novelty of the proposed work is the development of new multi-objective functions based on the sum of the three technical parameters of total active power loss, total voltage deviation, and total operation time of the overcurrent protection relay. Purpose. This paper is dedicated for solving the allocation problem of hybrid photovoltaic distributed generation and battery energy storage systems integration in the standard IEEE 33-bus and IEEE 69-bus active distribution networks. Methodology. The optimal integration of the hybrid systems is formulated as minimizing the proposed multi-objective functions by applying a newly developed metaheuristic technique based on various chaotic grey wolf optimization algorithms. The applied optimization algorithms are becoming increasingly popular due to their simplicity, lack of gradient information needed, ability to bypass local optima, and versatility in power system applications. Results. The simulation results of both test systems confirm the robustness and efficiency of the chaotic logistic grey wolf optimization algorithm compared to the rest of the algorithms in terms of convergence to the global optimal solution and in terms of providing the best and minimum multi-objective functions-based power losses, voltage deviation and relay operation time values. Practical significance. Recommendations have been developed for the use of optimal allocation of hybrid systems for practical industrial distribution power systems with the renewable energy sources presence.
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Sharma, Praval, and Dr Imran. "Integration of Distributed Generating Systems for Non-Linear Loads." Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 23, no. 06 (June 23, 2021): 1525–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.51201/jusst/21/06459.
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The independent small-scale networks including sustainable power sources have been used in remote regions around the globe. Nonetheless, the irregularity of vitality sources may cause an enormous variance of the miniaturized scale framework recurrence. Because of consistently expanding vitality utilization, rising open familiarity with ecological assurance, and relentless advancement in power deregulation, distributed generation (DG) frameworks have pulled in expanded intrigue. Wind and photovoltaic (PV) power age are two of the most encouraging sustainable power source advancements. Fuel cell (FC) frameworks likewise show incredible potential in DG utilizations of things to come because of their quick innovation improvement and numerous benefits they have, for example, high effectiveness, zero or low outflow (of contamination gases), and adaptable measured structure. In proposition investigated work Integration of Distributed Generating Systems for Non-straight Loads will be proposed. A run-of-the-mill wind-PV-diesel reconciliation which comprises of diesel generator, PV framework, wind turbine generator (WTG), BESS, and burden, is utilized for the proposed models and controllers. We reenact and Integration Distributed Generating Systems for Non-straight Loads on the MATLAB/SIMULINK and portions of coordinated vitality frameworks are analyzed. The coordinated PV framework is normally controlled to work in the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) mode. The battery vitality stockpiling framework is worked inconsistent force charging or releasing mode. So as to give an incorporated vitality framework associated with lattice relying upon singular vitality necessities, the Integrated Energy Systems can be extra to a current vitality source to lessen petroleum product utilization or an independent for complete non-renewable energy source uprooting Through the broad joining of vitality foundations it is conceivable to upgrade the supportability, adaptability, steadiness, and productivity of the general vitality framework. The reproduction of incorporated vitality frameworks is done in MATLAB/SIMULINK. And all framework results will be done by Matlab reproduction is proposed for disconnected smaller scale matrices with sustainable sources. In the exhibited method, the pitch point controller is intended for wind turbine generator (WTG) framework to smooth breeze power yield. The proposed procedure is tried in a regular secluded incorporated small-scale network with both PV and wind turbine generators.
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Sikder, Partha Sarothi, and Nitai Pal. "Modeling of an intelligent battery controller for standalone solar-wind hybrid distributed generation system." Journal of King Saud University - Engineering Sciences 32, no. 6 (September 2020): 368–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jksues.2019.02.002.
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Petersen, Lennart, Florin Iov, German Claudio Tarnowski, Vahan Gevorgian, Przemyslaw Koralewicz, and Daniel-Ioan Stroe. "Validating Performance Models for Hybrid Power Plant Control Assessment." Energies 12, no. 22 (November 13, 2019): 4330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12224330.
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The need for simple, but accurate performance models of wind turbine generators (WTGs), photovoltaic (PV) plants, and battery energy storage systems (BESS) for various hybrid power plant (HPP) studies motivates the present work. Particularly, the development and verification stage of HPP controls requires reduced-order models to minimize the complexity and computation effort of simulation platforms. In this paper, such models are proposed, and the most essential parts of the models are validated through field measurements. The models target power system integration studies involving active and reactive power, as well as frequency and voltage regulation where detailed models, as proposed in the standards, can be cumbersome. Field measurements of two Vestas WTGs, one 1-MW PV plant, and one 1-MW/1-MWh BESS are used for model validation. The results show that the WTG and PV performance models correctly estimate the power generation variability according to fluctuations in wind speed and solar irradiance. The BESS performance model provides satisfactory results related to grid-forming control performance and estimation of state-of-charge. The presented validation work enables using the proposed performance models for power system studies and HPP control design in all model-based design stages, that is, preliminary analysis, design, verification, and validation with a high level of confidence.
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Williams, Mark C., Bruce R. Utz, and Kevin M. Moore. "DOE FE Distributed Generation Program." Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology 1, no. 1 (April 28, 2004): 18–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1782920.
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The U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Office of Fossil Energy’s (FE) National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), in partnership with private industries, is leading the development and demonstration of high efficiency solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and fuel cell turbine hybrid power generation systems for near term distributed generation (DG) markets with an emphasis on premium power and high reliability. NETL is partnering with Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) in developing new directions in research under the Solid-State Energy Conversion Alliance (SECA) initiative for the development and commercialization of modular, low cost, and fuel flexible SOFC systems. The SECA initiative, through advanced materials, processing and system integration research and development, will bring the fuel cell cost to $400 per kilowatt (kW) for stationary and auxiliary power unit (APU) markets. The President of the U.S. has launched us into a new hydrogen economy. The logic of a hydrogen economy is compelling. The movement to a hydrogen economy will accomplish several strategic goals. The U.S. can use its own domestic resources—solar, wind, hydro, and coal. The U.S. uses 20 percent of the world’s oil but has only 3 percent of resources. Also, the U.S. can reduce green house gas emissions. Clear Skies and Climate Change initiatives aim to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions. SOFCs have no emissions, so they figure significantly in these DOE strategies. In addition, DG—SOFCs, reforming, energy storage—has significant benefit for enhanced security and reliability. The use of fuel cells in cars is expected to bring about the hydrogen economy. However, commercialization of fuel cells is expected to proceed first through portable and stationary applications. This logic says to develop SOFCs for a wide range of stationary and APU applications, initially for conventional fuels, then switch to hydrogen. Like all fuel cells, the SOFC will operate even better on hydrogen than conventional fuels. The SOFC hybrid is a key part of the FutureGen plants. FutureGen is a major new Presidential initiative to produce hydrogen from coal. The highly efficient SOFC hybrid plant will produce electric power and other parts of the plant could produce hydrogen and sequester CO2. The hydrogen produced can be used in fuel cell cars and for SOFC DG applications.
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Mustafa, Mohd, G. Anandhakumar, Anju Anna Jacob, Ngangbam Phalguni Singh, S. Asha, and S. Arockia Jayadhas. "Hybrid Renewable Power Generation for Modeling and Controlling the Battery Storage Photovoltaic System." International Journal of Photoenergy 2022 (February 27, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9491808.
Full textAbstract:
A major portion of the global energy demand was likely to be fulfilled by an extensive supply of renewable power. Renewable energy outputs, on the other hand, are changeable due to the dynamic nature of their sources. The integration of these variable sources of power into current power grids is proving difficult for electrical power system operators all around the world. The fundamental issue with renewable energy systems is that, due to the stochastic nature of renewable power, electricity production varies from period to period. Recent research and development on renewable technologies can ensure the islands’ long-term electricity supply. Renewable energy sources, on the other hand, are limited by their unpredictable nature and significant reliance on weather conditions. To offset this disadvantage, several renewable energy sources and converters must be joined. To balance the power generation and load power, a hybrid renewable power generation for standalone application is proposed. The solar plant model is made up of a 170 W photovoltaic (PV) panel connected in series, and conversion of energy is done using the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm, which regulates a buck-boost converter modulation. The MPPT method used in the converter’s control step is based on perturb and observe (P&O) and enhanced with a PI controller. The bidirectional buck-boost DC-DC converters (BBDC) are utilized to preserve a DC-link voltage stable. This is also storing additional hybrid energy in a large battery and is distributed to the system load; then there is a shortage of hybrid power. The load current power is regulated in terms of the frequency and enables it to be achieved using three vector control technique voltage source inverters (VSI). The results were offered to demonstrate a hybrid performance of this organization.
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Mekhamer, Said, Almoataz Abdelaziz, and Mostafa Algabalawy. "Design of hybrid power generation systems connected to utility grid and natural gas distribution network." Engineering review 38, no. 2 (2018): 204–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.30765/er.38.2.8.
Full textAbstract:
Hybrid power generation system (HPGS) is an active research area, which is in need of a continuous improvement. It represents the best solution for the most complex problems facing the world in the last decades. These problems are known as the shortage of energy, or lack of electricity, which logically are the results of the continuous increasing demand. Therefore, the researchers do their best to overcome all expected roadblocks facing the development, where the most applicable solutions to solve these problems are introduced. In this paper, the HPGS includes; wind turbine (WT), photovoltaic (PV), storage battery (SB), gas turbine (GT), and utility grid (UG). The GT of this system is fueled directly from the natural gas distribution network considering all operational conditions of it, which may be affected by fueling the natural gas for the GT. So, the natural gas distribution network is becoming an important component of the HPGS, and it is included in the HPGS for the first time. Multi meta-heuristic optimization techniques are applied to obtain the components sizing of this system, where cuckoo search algorithm (CSA), firefly algorithm (FA), and flower pollination algorithm (FPA) have been applied. Therefore, this paper introduces a new contribution not only to the new configuration of the HPGS, but also in applying the new optimization techniques as solving tools. The output results are compared to show the effectiveness and the superiority of the applied techniques as well as extract a recommendation for the best solving technique.
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Elgammal, Adel, and Tagore Ramlal. "Optimal Frequency Control Management of Grid Integration PV/Wind/FC/Storage Battery Based Smart Grid Using Multi Objective Particle Swarm Optimization MOPSO and Model Predictive Control (MPC)." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 6, no. 5 (July 12, 2021): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2021.6.5.2507.
Full textAbstract:
This article forecasts the performance of smart-grid electrical transmission systems and integrated battery/FC/Wind/PV storage system renewable power sources in the context of unpredictable solar and wind power supplies. The research provided a hybrid renewable energy sources smart grid power system electrical frequency control solution using adaptive control techniques and model predictive control (MPC) based on the Multi-Objective Practical Swarm Optimization Algorithm MOPSO. To solve the problems of parameter tuning in Load Frequency Control, the suggested adaptive control approach is utilized to accomplish on-line adjustment of the Load Frequency Control parameters. During the electrical grid's integration, the system under investigation is a hybrid Wind/PV/FC/Battery smart grid with variable demand load. To achieve optimal outcomes, all of the controller settings for various units in power grids are determined by means of a customized objective function and a particle swarm optimization method rather than a regular objective function with fluctuating restrictions. To suppress the consumption and generation balance, MPCs were designed for each of the Storage Battery, Wind Turbine Generation, and the model Photovoltaic Generation. In addition, demand response (real-time pricing) was used in this scheme to reduce the load frequency by adjusting the controlled loads. The suggested control strategy is evaluated in the Simulink /MATLAB environment in order to analyse the suggested approach's working in the power system, as well as its effectiveness, reliability, robustness, and stability. The simulation findings show that the proposed control method generally converges to an optimal operating point that minimises total user disutility, restores normal frequency and planned tie-line power flows, and maintains transmission line thermal restrictions. The simulation results further indicate that the convergence holds even when the control algorithm uses inaccurate system parameters. Finally, numerical simulations are used to illustrate the proposed algorithm's robustness, optimality, and effectiveness. In compared to previous methodologies, the system frequency recovers effectively and efficiently in the event of a power demand disturbance, as demonstrated. A sensitivity test is also performed to assess the suggested technique's effectiveness.
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Elgammal, Adel, and Tagore Ramlal. "Optimal Frequency Control Management of Grid Integration PV/Wind/FC/Storage Battery Based Smart Grid Using Multi Objective Particle Swarm Optimization MOPSO and Model Predictive Control (MPC)." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 6, no. 5 (July 12, 2021): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2021.6.5.2507.
Full textAbstract:
This article forecasts the performance of smart-grid electrical transmission systems and integrated battery/FC/Wind/PV storage system renewable power sources in the context of unpredictable solar and wind power supplies. The research provided a hybrid renewable energy sources smart grid power system electrical frequency control solution using adaptive control techniques and model predictive control (MPC) based on the Multi-Objective Practical Swarm Optimization Algorithm MOPSO. To solve the problems of parameter tuning in Load Frequency Control, the suggested adaptive control approach is utilized to accomplish on-line adjustment of the Load Frequency Control parameters. During the electrical grid's integration, the system under investigation is a hybrid Wind/PV/FC/Battery smart grid with variable demand load. To achieve optimal outcomes, all of the controller settings for various units in power grids are determined by means of a customized objective function and a particle swarm optimization method rather than a regular objective function with fluctuating restrictions. To suppress the consumption and generation balance, MPCs were designed for each of the Storage Battery, Wind Turbine Generation, and the model Photovoltaic Generation. In addition, demand response (real-time pricing) was used in this scheme to reduce the load frequency by adjusting the controlled loads. The suggested control strategy is evaluated in the Simulink /MATLAB environment in order to analyse the suggested approach's working in the power system, as well as its effectiveness, reliability, robustness, and stability. The simulation findings show that the proposed control method generally converges to an optimal operating point that minimises total user disutility, restores normal frequency and planned tie-line power flows, and maintains transmission line thermal restrictions. The simulation results further indicate that the convergence holds even when the control algorithm uses inaccurate system parameters. Finally, numerical simulations are used to illustrate the proposed algorithm's robustness, optimality, and effectiveness. In compared to previous methodologies, the system frequency recovers effectively and efficiently in the event of a power demand disturbance, as demonstrated. A sensitivity test is also performed to assess the suggested technique's effectiveness.
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Elgammal, Adel, and Tagore Ramlal. "Optimal Model Predictive Frequency Control Management of Grid Integration PV/Wind/FC/Storage Battery Based Smart Grid Using Multi Objective Particle Swarm Optimization MOPSO." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRONICS 12 (July 12, 2021): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232017.2021.12.7.
Full textAbstract:
This article forecasts the performance of smart-grid electrical transmission systems and integrated battery/FC/Wind/PV storage system renewable power sources in the context of unpredictable solar and wind power supplies. The research provided a hybrid renewable energy sources smart grid power system electrical frequency control solution using adaptive control techniques and model predictive control (MPC) based on the Multi-Objective Practical Swarm Optimization Algorithm MOPSO. To solve the problems of parameter tuning in Load Frequency Control, the suggested adaptive control approach is utilized to accomplish on-line adjustment of the Load Frequency Control parameters. During the electrical grid's integration, the system under investigation is a hybrid Wind/PV/FC/Battery smart grid with variable demand load. To achieve optimal outcomes, all of the controller settings for various units in power grids are determined by means of a customized objective function and a particle swarm optimization method rather than a regular objective function with fluctuating restrictions. To suppress the consumption and generation balance, MPCs were designed for each of the Storage Battery, Wind Turbine Generation, and the model Photovoltaic Generation. In addition, demand response (real-time pricing) was used in this scheme to reduce the load frequency by adjusting the controlled loads. The suggested control strategy is evaluated in the Simulink /MATLAB environment in order to analyse the suggested approach's working in the power system, as well as its effectiveness, reliability, robustness, and stability. The simulation findings show that the proposed control method generally converges to an optimal operating point that minimises total user disutility, restores normal frequency and planned tie-line power flows, and maintains transmission line thermal restrictions. The simulation results further indicate that the convergence holds even when the control algorithm uses inaccurate system parameters. Finally, numerical simulations are used to illustrate the proposed algorithm's robustness, optimality, and effectiveness. In compared to previous methodologies, the system frequency recovers effectively and efficiently in the event of a power demand disturbance, as demonstrated. A sensitivity test is also performed to assess the suggested technique's effectiveness.