Journal articles: 'Phycas'

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Lewis, Paul O., Mark T. Holder, and David L. Swofford. "Phycas: Software for Bayesian Phylogenetic Analysis." Systematic Biology 64, no. 3 (January 9, 2015): 525–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syu132.

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Farjallah, Sarra, Badreddine Ben Slimane, Hager Blel, Nabil Amor, and Khaled Said. "Anisakid parasites of two forkbeards (Phycis blennoides and Phycis phycis) from the eastern Mediterranean coasts in Tunisia." Parasitology Research 100, no. 1 (June 8, 2006): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-006-0227-7.

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Valero, A., M. I. Paniagua, I. Hierro, V. Díaz, M. J. Valderrama, R. Benítez, and F. J. Adroher. "Anisakid parasites of two forkbeards (Phycis blennoides and Phycis phycis) from the Mediterranean coasts of Andalucía (Southern Spain)." Parasitology International 55, no. 1 (March 2006): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.parint.2005.07.001.

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Vieira, Ana Rita, Ana Neves, Vera Sequeira, Rafaela Barros Paiva, and Leonel Serrano Gordo. "Age and growth of forkbeard, Phycis phycis, in Portuguese continental waters." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 94, no. 3 (December 13, 2013): 623–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315413001549.

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The forkbeard, Phycis phycis, is an important commercial species in Portugal; however, little information is available on its biology. Age and growth of the forkbeard from Portuguese continental waters were studied using 687 otoliths from specimens caught between May 2011 and December 2012. Otoliths were transversally sectioned, and assigned ages were validated by marginal increment analysis and edge analysis, and indices of precision were also calculated to corroborate ageing within and between readers. Validation techniques showed that an annual growth increment is formed every year, corresponding to the succession of an opaque and a translucent growth zone. Specimens ranged from 15.5 to 67.1 cm total length (TL), and their estimated ages ranged between 0 and 18 years. The forkbeard is a relatively slow growing, long lived species, that does not show sexual dimorphism in growth. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters estimated for forkbeard from the Portuguese continental waters were L∞ = 75.14 cm TL, k = 0.10 yr−1 and t0 = −2.09 yr.

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Nuhriawangsa, Adi M. P., Sajidan Sajidan, Zaenal Bachruddin, and Ali Wibowo. "In Vitro Stability of Phytase from Recombinant Bacteria E. Coli BL21 (DE3) EAS1-AMP." Sains Peternakan 9, no. 1 (February 6, 2017): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/sainspet.9.1.8-14.

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The objective of the research was to inquire the Km, Vm, activity, intracellular phytase stability exposed to pH variation, temperature variation and protease (pepsin and pancreas) in vitro. The phytase was produced from recombinant bacteria E. coli BL21(DE3) EAS1-AMP using 1.5 mM IPTG as inducer. Intracellular enzyme was extracted via freeze shock and centrifugation. Pure enzyme was acquired through NI-NTA agarose column. The enzyme was then tested for Km, Vm, phytase activity and stability against pH, temperature and protease. Treatment levels for stability against protease were P0: without protease, P1: addition of pepsin, P2: addition of pepsin and pancreas, and the data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance of one-way Completely Randomized Design. Crude intracellular phytase had Vm 6.39 υM/sec, Km 34.82 υM, and 277 units activity. Intracellular phytas was stable at pH 4–6 and 0–550 C. Protease level influenced the activity of intracellular phytase (P<0.05). Intracellular phytase was stable against pepsin but not pancreas.

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Nuhriawangsa, Adi M. P., Sajidan Sajidan, Zaenal Bachruddin, and Ali Wibowo. "In Vitro Stability of Phytase from Recombinant Bacteria E. Coli BL21 (DE3) EAS1-AMP." Sains Peternakan 9, no. 1 (February 6, 2017): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/sainspet.v9i1.4742.

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The objective of the research was to inquire the Km, Vm, activity, intracellular phytase stability exposed to pH variation, temperature variation and protease (pepsin and pancreas) in vitro. The phytase was produced from recombinant bacteria E. coli BL21(DE3) EAS1-AMP using 1.5 mM IPTG as inducer. Intracellular enzyme was extracted via freeze shock and centrifugation. Pure enzyme was acquired through NI-NTA agarose column. The enzyme was then tested for Km, Vm, phytase activity and stability against pH, temperature and protease. Treatment levels for stability against protease were P0: without protease, P1: addition of pepsin, P2: addition of pepsin and pancreas, and the data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance of one-way Completely Randomized Design. Crude intracellular phytase had Vm 6.39 υM/sec, Km 34.82 υM, and 277 units activity. Intracellular phytas was stable at pH 4–6 and 0–550 C. Protease level influenced the activity of intracellular phytase (P<0.05). Intracellular phytase was stable against pepsin but not pancreas.

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Bishop, Meghan E., Sheena R. Black, Joseph Nguyen, Douglas Mintz, and Beth Shubin Stein. "A Simple Method of Measuring the Distance From the Schöttle Point to the Medial Distal Femoral Physis With MRI." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 7, no. 4 (April 1, 2019): 232596711984071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967119840713.

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Background: Medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction is the treatment of choice for recurrent patellar instability in the skeletally immature patient. Avoiding the open physes during anatomic MPFL reconstruction is a challenge in this population. Purpose: To describe a novel method using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to determine the distance from the Schöttle point to the medial distal femoral physis among skeletally immature individuals with patellar instability. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Preoperative MRI scans were analyzed from 34 patients with open distal femoral physes and lateral patellar instability. With the multiplanar reconstruction mode on a picture archiving and communication system (PACS), the location of the Schöttle point was determined according to previously reported distances from the posterior femoral cortical line and the posterior origin of the medial femoral condyle. This location was then extrapolated to the most medial sagittal slice on MRI showing the medial distal femoral physis. The distance was measured from this point to the most distal aspect of the physis. Results: The mean age of the study cohort was 13.6 years (range, 10.6-15.7 years); there were 13 males and 21 females. The mean distance from the medial distal femoral physis to the Schöttle point was 7.27 ± 1.78 mm. The Schöttle point was distal to the medial distal femoral physis in all cases. There was no significant correlation between age and mean distance in either the overall study population ( r = 0.046, P = .798) or when stratified by sex (females, P = .629; males, P = .089). The distance between the Schöttle point and the medial distal femoral physis was shorter for females than for males (6.51 vs 7.71 mm, P = .043). After adjustment for age, females on average were 1.31 mm closer to the Schöttle point than were males ( B = –1.31, P = .041). Conclusion: This technique can be used to determine the distance between the medial distal femoral physis and the Schöttle point. The Schöttle point was distal to the physis in all patients, and it was closer to the physis in skeletally immature females compared with age-matched males. Clinical Relevance: The long-term repercussions of improperly placed MPFL reconstruction include recurrent patellar instability, increased patellofemoral contact pressures and overtensioning of the ligament, and possibly patellofemoral arthritis. The current technique can be used preoperatively to determine the appropriate safe distance for drilling a socket distal to the physis.

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Shea, Kevin, Peter C. Cannamela, Aleksei Dingel, Peter D. Fabricant, John D. Polousky, Allen Anderson, and Theodore J. Ganley. "ANATOMICAL DISSECTION AND CT IMAGING OF THE ANTERIOR CRUCIATE AND MEDIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT FOOTPRINT ANATOMY IN SKELETALLY IMMATURE CADAVER KNEES." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 7, no. 3_suppl (March 1, 2019): 2325967119S0014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967119s00148.

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Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and medial collateral ligament (MCL) injuries in skeletally immature patients are increasingly recognized and surgically treated. However, the relationship between the footprint anatomy and the physes are not clearly defined. The purpose of this study was to identify the origin and insertion of the ACL and MCL, and define the footprint anatomy in relation to the physes in skeletally immature knees. Methods: Twenty-nine skeletally immature knees from 16 human cadaver specimens were dissected and divided into two groups: Group A (ages 2-5 years), and Group B (ages 7-11 years). Metallic markers were placed to mark the femoral and tibial attachments of the ACL and MCL. CT scans were obtained for each specimen used to measure the distance from the center of the ligament footprints to the respective distal femoral and proximal tibial physes. Results: Median distance from the ACL femoral epiphyseal origin to the distal femoral physis was 0.30 cm (interquartile range, 0.20 cm to 0.50 cm) and 0.70 cm (interquartile range, 0.45 cm to 0.90 cm) for Groups A and B, respectively. The median distance from the ACL epiphyseal tibial insertion to the proximal tibial physis for Groups A and B were 1.50 cm (interquartile range, 1.40 cm to 1.60 cm) and 1.80 cm (interquartile range, 1.60 cm to 1.85 cm), respectively. Median distance from the MCL femoral origin on the epiphysis to the distal femoral physis was 1.20 cm (interquartile range, 1.00 cm to 1.20 cm) and 0.85 cm (interquartile range, 0.63 cm to 1.00 cm) for Groups A and B, respectively. Median distance from the MCL insertion on the tibial metaphysis to the tibial physis was 3.05 cm (interquartile range, 2.63 cm to 3.30 cm) and 4.80 cm (interquartile range, 3.90 cm to 5.10 cm) for Groups A and B, respectively. Conclusion: Surgical reconstruction is a common treatment for ACL injury, and occasionally MCL reconstruction or repair is also required. Cadaveric dissection and CT scanning of exceptionally rare pediatric tissue clearly defines the location of the ACL and MCL with respect to the femoral and tibial physes, and may guide surgeons for physeal respecting procedures for both ACL reconstruction, and ACL repair procedures. Clinical Relevance: In addition to ACL reconstruction, recent basic science and clinical research suggest that ACL repair may be more commonly performed in the future. MCL repair and reconstruction is also occasionally required in skeletally immature patients. This information may be useful to help surgeons avoid or minimize physeal injury during ACL/MCL reconstructions and/or repair in skeletally immature patients. [Figure: see text][Figure: see text][Figure: see text][Figure: see text]

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Richey, Bradley, and Cassidy M. Foley Davelaar. "Physeal injury in a skeletally immature male athlete." BMJ Case Reports 14, no. 7 (July 2021): e243044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2021-243044.

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A 12-year-old skeletally immature male athlete presented for evaluation with acute bilateral knee pain. Initial radiographs revealed subtle lucency of the medial proximal tibial physis and MRI was recommended. On MRI, broad-based intravasation of the physis into the proximal femoral and tibial physes was observed. This represented physeal widening, a phenomenon that has been observed in skeletally immature athletes presenting for acute knee pain. While such changes to the physis may be quite prominent on MRI, conventional radiographic findings may be much more subtle. As many causes of chronic knee pain in this population are managed with active rehabilitation, a high index of suspicion for this diagnosis in the presence of physeal abnormalities may warrant evaluation with MRI. The literature suggests this pathology will resolve with rest, but, if weight-bearing activities are continued, there is a risk for significant growth abnormalities.

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Abecasis, Ana Rita Costa, Angela Canha, Dália Reis, Mário Rui Pinho, and João Gil-Pereira. "Age and growth of the forkbeard Phycis phycis (Gadidae) from the Azorean archipelago, North Atlantic." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 89, no. 3 (May 2009): 629–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315409002598.

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The forkbeard Phycis phycis is one of the main target species of the demersal fishery in the Azores, north-eastern Atlantic. Age and growth of the forkbeard were studied using 477 otoliths from individuals caught between April 2000 and August 2004. Otoliths were burned and sectioned, a preparation method that improved the easiness of readings. Individuals ranged from 21 to 71 cm in total length, and their estimated ages between 2 and 18 years old. Forkbeard is a relatively slow growing, long lived species, that does not show sexual dimorphism in growth. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters estimated for the Azorean forkbeard were L∞ = 79.64 cm, k = 0.09 yr−1 and t0 = −1.88 years.

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Silva, Ana Rita, Ana Rita Vieira, Vera Sequeira, Rafaela Barros Paiva, Leonel Serrano Gordo, and Ana Neves. "Diet and feeding strategy of the forkbeard Phycis phycis (Pisces: Phycidae) from the Portuguese continental coast." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 98, no. 7 (July 19, 2017): 1757–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002531541700131x.

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The diet and feeding behaviour of the forkbeard Phycis phycis was studied based on 246 stomachs collected between May 2011 and April 2012 from a commercial fleet operating off the central west coast of Portugal. A total of 44 prey items were identified in the stomachs which were merged into major groups to avoid problems with low expected frequencies. The following taxonomic categories were considered: non-decapod Crustacea, Caridea, Anomura, Munida spp., Processa spp., Brachyura, Pisces, Trisopterus luscus. In order to investigate possible diet differences between fish size classes, a cluster analysis was performed using the mean abundance of each prey group by forkbeard 5 cm length class, and three length groups (LG) were obtained: <22.5, 27.5–37.5 and >42.5 cm. Seasonally, Caridea was the main prey group during winter and autumn while Pisces was predominant during the rest of the year. Caridea was the most important prey group for LG1 and LG2 while in LG3 Pisces was the principal one. The forkbeard feeding behaviour may be characterized as presenting a shift pattern from a more generalist diet (small Crustacea, mainly Caridea) in the young adults to a more specialist strategy (teleosts) in the adults.

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Papaconstantinou, C., and E. Caragitsou. "Feeding interaction between two sympatric species Pagrus pagrus and Phycis phycis around Kastellorizo Island (Dodecanese, Greece)." Fisheries Research 7, no. 4 (June 1989): 329–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-7836(89)90065-9.

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Vieira, Ana Rita, Ana Neves, Vera Sequeira, Rafaela Barros Paiva, and Leonel Serrano Gordo. "Otolith shape analysis as a tool for stock discrimination of forkbeard (Phycis phycis) in the Northeast Atlantic." Hydrobiologia 728, no. 1 (January 29, 2014): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-014-1809-5.

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Matić-Skoko, Sanja, Josipa Ferri, Frane Škeljo, Vlasta Bartulović, Katarina Glavić, and Branko Glamuzina. "Age, growth and validation of otolith morphometrics as predictors of age in the forkbeard, Phycis phycis (Gadidae)." Fisheries Research 112, no. 1-2 (December 2011): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2011.08.010.

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Enishi, Tetsuya, Tetsuya Matsuura, Naoto Suzue, Yoshinori Takahashi, and Koichi Sairyo. "Cartilage Degeneration at Symptomatic Persistent Olecranon Physis in Adolescent Baseball Players." Advances in Orthopedics 2014 (2014): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/545438.

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Background. Elbow overuse injuries are common in adolescent baseball players, but symptomatic persistent olecranon physis is rare, and its pathogenesis remains unclear.Purpose. To examine the histopathological and imaging findings of advanced persistent olecranon physis.Methods. The olecranon physes of 2 baseball pitchers, aged 14 and 15 years, were examined by preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and surgical specimens were examined histologically.Results. T2-weighted MRI revealed alterations in the intrachondral signal intensity possibly related to collagen degeneration and increased free water content. Histological findings of specimens stained with hematoxylin-eosin showed complete disorganization of the cartilage structure, hypocellularity, chondrocyte cluster formation, and moderately reduced staining. All these findings are hallmarks of osteoarthritis and are suggestive of cartilage degeneration.Conclusion. Growth plate degeneration was evident in advanced cases of symptomatic persistent olecranon physis. These findings contribute to understanding the pathogenesis of this disease.

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Stavinoha, Tyler J., Peter C. Cannamela, Theodore J. Ganley, and Kevin G. Shea. "PEDIATRIC ELBOW COLLATERAL AND ANNULAR LIGAMENT ANATOMY: A CT-BASED CADAVERIC STUDY." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, no. 4_suppl3 (April 1, 2020): 2325967120S0026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120s00264.

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Background: The medial and lateral ligamentous complexes of the elbow provide static restraint to the elbow and serve as important components of posteromedial and posterolateral rotatory instability. Many collateral ligament and medial epicondylar injuries require surgical repair in those with open physes. Little is known about the anatomy of the pediatric elbow and the relationship between these ligaments and physes. Purpose: To evaluate the anterior bundle of the medial collateral ligament complex, lateral ulnar collateral ligament, annular ligament, and relationships to the joint surfaces and physes. Methods: Two cadaveric elbows from a 3 year-old donor were dissected. Collateral and annular ligaments were isolated and left intact at their osseous attachment. Pins were placed at the origins and insertions and CT scans were used to establish precise anatomic relationships. All dissections and measurements were performed by a single orthopedic surgeon with specialization in pediatric sports medicine. Results: The MUCL origin was a mean 4.10 mm distal and anterior to the medial epicondyle, 10.09 mm from the distal humeral articular surface, and 9.01 mm distal to the medial physis. The distal insertion of the MUCL spanned a mean 3.09 mm and was posterior and medial to the sublime tubercle. In the longitudinal axis, the MUCL insertion footprint spanned the tubercle. The origin was a mean 1.20 mm proximal to the sublime tubercle and the distal extent averaged 2.53 mm distal to the tubercle. The center of the MUCL insertional footprint was 0.38 mm distal to the tubercle. The center of the MUCL was 3.87 mm from the olecranon articular surface. The annular ligament had consistent medial and lateral attachments to the ulna. Distance from the annular ligament attachments to the tip of the coronoid averaged 4.6 mm (4.46 & 4.74 lateral and medial for left; 4.80 & 5.27 lateral and medial for right). The LUCL origin was distal and anterior to the lateral epicondyle. It was 3.43 mm from the lateral epicondyle, 7.51 mm from the articular surface and 0.74 mm distal to the physis. Conclusions: This study is the first to describe anatomy of the elbow collateral and annular ligaments in pediatric cadaveric specimens, through a reliable, CT-based identification method. Knowledge of the precise ligamentous attachments and relationships to the physis and to the joint surface is important for reconstructive procedures. A better understanding of these relationships may assist with surgical planning that preserves adjacent physeal growth regions.

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Franklin, Michelle A., Mark C. Rochat, and Kristyn D. Broaddus. "Hypertrophic Osteodystrophy of the Proximal Humerus in Two Dogs." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 44, no. 6 (November 1, 2008): 342–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/0440342.

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Two dogs, 3 and 6 months of age, were presented with painful, swollen shoulder and carpal joints; reluctance to stand; and pyrexia. Radiographs in both cases revealed an irregular lucent zone in the metaphysis of the proximal humerus, parallel and adjacent to the physis. The same lucent zone was also evident in the physes of the distal radial and ulnar metaphyses. Clinical signs and radiographs were consistent with hypertrophic osteodystrophy. Clinical signs resolved in both dogs with administration of carprofen, tramadol, and intravenous fluids. No signs of recurrence were reported at 3-month follow-ups.

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Gál, P., A. Nečas, L. Plánka, H. Kecová, L. Křen, P. Krupa, J. Hlučilová, and D. Usvald. "Chondrocytic Potential of Allogenic Mesenchymal Stem Cells Transplanted without Immunosuppression to Regenerate Physeal Defect in Rabbits." Acta Veterinaria Brno 76, no. 2 (2007): 265–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb200776020265.

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from bone marrow are multipotent cells capable of forming cartilage, bone, and other connective tissues. The objective of this study was to determine whether the use of allogenic mesenchymal stem cells could functionally heal a defect in the distal femoral physis in rabbits without the use of immunosuppressive therapy. A iatrogenic defect was created in the lateral femoral condyle of thirty-two New Zealand white rabbits, 7 weeks old, weighing 2.25 ± 0.24 kg. Each defect, 3.5 mm in width and 12 mm in length, in the right distal femoral physis was treated with allogenic mesenchymal stem cells in new composite hyaluronate/collagen type I/fibrin scaffold. The healing response was evaluated radiographically, by MRI (three weeks and four months after implantation) and also histologically, by Pearl’s reaction and with immunofluorescence (four months after implantation). The results were compared with the data for the control defects (without stem cell implantation) in left distal femoral physes. On average, right femurs with a damaged distal physis and transplanted MSCs grew more in length (0.55 ± 0.21 cm) compared with left femurs with a physeal defect without stem cell transplantation (0.46 ± 0.23 cm). Valgus deformity of right femurs with a physeal defect and transplanted MSCs was mild (0.2 ± 0.1 °). On the contrary, left femurs with a physeal defect without transplanted MSCs showed a significant valgus deformity (2.7 ± 1.6 °). For defects treated with allogenic mesenchymal stem cell implants, no adverse immune response and implant rejection were detected in this model. Histologically, no lymphocytic infiltration occurred. At four months after transplantation, hyaline cartilage had formed throughout the defects treated with allogenic MSCs. Labelled mesenchymal stem cells/differentiated chondrocytes were detected in the physeal defects based on magnetic resonance imaging and immunofluorescence. The results of this study demonstrated that allogenic mesenchymal stem cells in a new composite hyaluronate/collagen type I/fibrin scaffold repaired iatrogenic defects in the distal femoral physes in rabbits without the use of immunosuppressive therapy. The use of allogenic mesenchymal stem cells for the repair of physeal defects may be an alternative to autologous MSCs transplantation. An allogenic approach would enable mesenchymal stem cells to be isolated from any donor, providing a readily available source of cells for cartilage tissue repair.

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BADRAWY, HAITHAM B. M. "A review of the genera Acathrito Lyneborg, Phycus Walker and Salentia Costa (Diptera: Therevidae: Phycinae) from Egypt." Zootaxa 3635, no. 4 (March 28, 2013): 491–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3635.4.10.

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The Egyptian fauna of the three genera Acathrito Lyneborg, Phycus Walker and Salentia Costa of subfamily Phycinae (Therevidae) is revised. Five species are recognized, three species of Phycus (including Phycus rufofemoratus Kröber as a new record) and one species for each of Acathrito and Salentia. A key to Egyptian Phycus species is included. Illustrations, specimens examined and distributions are given for each species.

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Rocha, Zeferino. "Heráclito de Éfeso, filósofo do Lógos." Revista Latinoamericana de Psicopatologia Fundamental 7, no. 4 (December 2004): 7–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1415-47142004004001.

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O artigo tem como objetivo mostrar o papel essencial do Lógos na filosofia de Heráclito de Éfeso e é dividido em três partes. Na primeira, o autor apresenta Heráclito como um pensador originário, cognominado de “o obscuro”. A segunda parte faz algumas considerações sobre a etimologia da palavra Lógos, ressaltando o seu sentido originário, à luz do comentário de Heidegger aos Fragmentos 50 e 16 de Heráclito sobre o Lógos e a Alétheia, e focaliza a importância do sentido originário do Lógos para pensar o phynai da Physis, como o entendiam os primeiros filósofos gregos. A terceira parte mostra como Heráclito de Éfeso, com a doutrina do Lógos, redimensionou a visão da psyché humana que dominava a Grécia Arcaica.

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Vieira, Ana Rita, Ana Sofia B. Rodrigues, Vera Sequeira, Ana Neves, Rafaela Barros Paiva, Octávio S. Paulo, and Leonel Serrano Gordo. "Genetic and Morphological Variation of the Forkbeard, Phycis phycis (Pisces, Phycidae): Evidence of Panmixia and Recent Population Expansion along Its Distribution Area." PLOS ONE 11, no. 12 (December 12, 2016): e0167045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0167045.

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Akyildiz, Ian F. "PHYCOM Editorial for 2012." Physical Communication 6 (March 2013): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phycom.2013.03.001.

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Akyildiz, Ian F. "PHYCOM editorial for 2015." Physical Communication 18 (March 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phycom.2016.01.006.

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Dingel, Aleksei, Alexander Karius, Laura C. Boucher, Yi-Meng Yen, Theodore J. Ganley, Philip L. Wilson, Henry B. Ellis, Peter D. Fabricant, Marc Tompkins, and Kevin Shea. "THE DISTANCE BETWEEN TIBIAL PHYSIS AND CORONARY LIGAMENT: A PEDIATRIC CADAVERIC STUDY." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 7, no. 3_suppl (March 1, 2019): 2325967119S0014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967119s00142.

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Background: Meniscal injuries in the skeletally immature have been increasingly reported. Many meniscal repair surgeries involve the approximation of the meniscus tissue to the peripheral meniscus capsule. This peripheral fixation may not be ideal for some meniscus tear patterns, and may contribute to ‘peripheralization’ of the meniscus during the healing process, which may alter the weight bearing distribution function of the meniscus/articular cartilage complex. Surgical procedures that do not periperalize the meniscus are being developed, which may better replicate the normal meniscus anatomy. Purpose: The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the coronary ligament attachments of the meniscus, and how this may influence further development of anatomic repair techniques and implants to address meniscus injury. The secondary purpose of this study was to determine the distance between the tibial insertion of the coronary ligament and the proximal tibial physis. Methods: 10 skeletally immature knee cadaver specimens between the ages of 3 months and 11 years (3 female, 7 male) were included in this study. Prior to CT, pins were placed in the tibias marking the coronary ligament insertion at designated points surrounding both the medial and lateral menisci (Figure 1). Using OsiriX, a medical imaging software, the distances between the proximal tibial physis and the coronary ligament insertion sites were measured at 10 points (5 lateral: anterior root, 12 o’clock, 3/9 o’clock, 6 o’clock, and posterior root, and 5 medial: anterior root, 12 o’clock, 3/9 o’clock, 6 o’clock, and posterior root). Axial view was used confirm proper pin measurement and the measurements were gathered in either the sagittal and coronal view depending on the pin’s placement. The specimen were divided into two groups for analysis- Group 1: ages 3 months- 2 years, Group 2: ages 10-11 years. Results: Medial Meniscus The average distance from the proximal tibial physis to the posterior medial root of the coronary ligament was 0.48 ± 0.08 cm and 1.02 ± 0.10 cm for Group 1 and Group 2, respectively. The average distance from the physis and the 6 o’clock pin was 0.37 ± 0.19 cm and 0.78 ± 0.23 cm. The average distance from the physis and the 3/9 o’clock pin was 0.32 ± 0.13 cm and 0.73 ± 0.22 cm. The average distance from the physis to the 12 o’clock pin was 0.14 ± 0.22 cm and 0.65 ± 0.45 cm. The average distance from the physis to the anterior pin was 0.21 ± 0.30 cm and 1.01 ± 0.62 cm. Lateral Meniscus The average distance from the proximal tibial physis to the posterior lateral root of the coronary ligament was 0.48 ± 0.11 cm and 1.62 ± 0.29 cm for Group 1 and Group 2, respectively. The average distance from the physis and the 6 o’clock pin was 0.38 ± 0.16 cm and 1.72 ± 0.25 cm. The average distance from the physis and the 3/9 o’clock pin was 0.17 ± 0.15 cm and 0.1.41 ± 0.19 cm. The average distance from the physis to the 12 o’clock pin was -0.04 ± 0.20 cm and 0.60 ± 0.14 cm. The average distance from the physis to the anterior pin was 0.16 ± 0.07 cm and 0.31 ± 0.16 cm. Conclusions: Our results show an increase in the distance between the proximal tibial physis and the insertion points of the coronary ligament as age increases. For all measurements, medial and lateral, Group 1 (the younger specimen’s) tibial insertion of the coronary ligament was less than 1 cm away from the physis. Group 2’s coronary ligament insertion points were further away from the physeal line, however still less than 2 cm away, and sometimes even as close as <0.5 cm (anterolateral root). As this data shows the close proximity of the physis and coronary ligament attachements on the meniscus, they confirm the need for the development of anatomic repair techniques and implants that are mindful of the growth plate and avoid physeal injury. Clinical Significance: This study of pediatric cadaveric specimens allowed for direct visualization of the coronary ligament anatomy on the tibia. This information is clinically significant as it detailed the developmental pattern of coronary ligament anatomy in pediatrics and can be used by surgeons performing meniscal injury reconstructions and repairs in patients with open physes. [Figure: see text]

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Starke, Peter, and Dietmar Eifler. "„PHYBAL“ — Lebensdauerberechnung hochbeanspruchter metallischer Werkstoffe*." Materials Testing 52, no. 7-8 (July 2010): 490–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/120.110160.

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Akyildiz, Ian F. "2014 Editorial for PHYCOM Journal." Physical Communication 14 (March 2015): iii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1874-4907(15)00010-5.

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Morrison, I., P. O'Brien, and D. Bilander. "PHYDAS - Data Acquisition and Analysis System at the University of Melbourne." IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 32, no. 1 (1985): 244–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tns.1985.4336828.

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Askelson, Tyler E., Ashley Campasino, Jason T. Lee, and Tri Duong. "Evaluation of Phytate-Degrading Lactobacillus Culture Administration to Broiler Chickens." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 80, no. 3 (November 22, 2013): 943–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.03155-13.

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ABSTRACTProbiotics have been demonstrated to promote growth, stimulate immune responses, and improve food safety of poultry. While widely used, their effectiveness is mixed, and the mechanisms through which they contribute to poultry production are not well understood. Microbial phytases are increasingly supplemented in feed to improve digestibility and reduce antinutritive effects of phytate. The microbial origin of these exogenous enzymes suggests a potentially important mechanism of probiotic functionality. We investigated phytate degradation as a novel probiotic mechanism using recombinantLactobacilluscultures expressingBacillus subtilisphytase.B. subtilis phyAwas codon optimized for expression inLactobacillusand cloned into the expression vector pTRK882. The resulting plasmid, pTD003, was transformed intoLactobacillus acidophilus,Lactobacillus gallinarum, andLactobacillus gasseri. SDS-PAGE revealed a protein in the culture supernatants ofLactobacilluspTD003 transformants with a molecular weight similar to that of theB. subtilisphytase. Expression ofB. subtilisphytase increased phytate degradation ofL. acidophilus,L. gasseri, andL. gallinarumapproximately 4-, 10-, and 18-fold over the background activity of empty-vector transformants, respectively. Phytase-expressingL. gallinarumandL. gasseriwere administered to broiler chicks fed a phosphorus-deficient diet. Phytase-expressingL. gasseriimproved weight gain of broiler chickens to a level comparable to that for chickens fed a control diet adequate in phosphorus, demonstrating proof of principle that administration of phytate-degrading probiotic cultures can improve performance of livestock animals. This will inform future studies investigating whether probiotic cultures are able to provide both the performance benefits of feed enzymes and the animal health and food safety benefits traditionally associated with probiotics.

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Puhl, Aaron A., Ralf Greiner, and L. Brent Selinger. "Kinetics, substrate specificity, and stereospecificity of two new protein tyrosine phosphatase-like inositol polyphosphatases from Selenomonas lacticifex." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 86, no. 4 (August 2008): 322–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o08-095.

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Inositol polyphosphatases (IPPases) play an important role in the metabolism of inositol polyphosphates, a class of molecules involved in signal transduction. Here we characterize 2 new protein tyrosine phosphatase-like IPPases (PhyAsl and PhyBsl) cloned from Selenomonas lacticifex that can hydrolyze myo-inositol hexakisphosphate (InsP6) in vitro. To determine their preferred substrates and stereospecificity of InsP6 dephosphorylation, a combination of kinetic and high-performance ion pair chromatography studies were conducted. Despite only 33% amino acid sequence identity between them, both enzymes display strict specificity for IPP substrates and cleave InsP6 primarily at the d-3-phosphate position (>90%). Furthermore, both enzymes predominantly degrade InsP6 to Ins(2)P via identical and very specific routes of dephosphorylation (3,4,5,6,1). Despite these similarities, PhylAsl is shown to have a slight kinetic preference for the major inositol pentakisphosphate intermediate in its InsP6 hydrolysis pathway, whereas PhyBsl displays a unique and substantial preference for an inositol tetrakisphosphate intermediate.

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Sun, Hongtao, and Jeremy D. Buhler. "PhyLAT: a phylogenetic local alignment tool." Bioinformatics 28, no. 10 (April 6, 2012): 1336–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts158.

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Buschbaum, Jan, Linda Freitag, Theodor F. Slongo, Stephan Zeiter, Michael Schütz, and Markus Windolf. "Growth modulation of angular deformities with a novel constant force implant concept-preclinical results." Journal of Children's Orthopaedics 15, no. 2 (April 19, 2021): 137–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/1863-2548.15.200218.

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Purpose Varus-valgus deformities in children and adolescents are often corrected by temporary hemi-epiphysiodesis, in which the physis is bridged by an implant to inhibit growth. With standard implant solutions, the acting forces cannot be regulated, rendering the correction difficult to control. Furthermore, the implant load steadily increases with ongoing growth potentially leading to implant-related failures. A novel implant concept was developed applying a controlled constant force to the physis, which carries the potential to avoid these complications. The study aim was to proof the concept in vivo by analyzing the effect of three distinct force levels on the creation of varus deformities. Methods The proposed implant is made of a conventional cerclage wire and features a twisted coil that unwinds with growth resulting in an implant-specific constant force level. The proximal medial tibial physes of 18 lambs were treated with the implant and assigned to three groups distinct by the force level of the implant (200 N, 120 N, 60 N). Results The treatment appeared safe without implant-related failures. Deformity creation was statistically different between the groups and yielded on average 10.6° (200 N), 4.8° (120 N) and 0.4° (60 N) over the treatment period. Modulation rates were 0.51°/mm (200 N), 0.23°/mm (120 N) and 0.05°/mm (60 N) and were constant throughout the treatment. Conclusion By means of the constant force concept, controlled growth modulation appeared feasible in this preclinical experiment. However, clinical trials are necessary to confirm whether the results are translatable to the human pathological situation.

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Churchill, Nathan W., Grigori Yourganov, Robyn Spring, Peter M. Rasmussen, Wayne Lee, Jon E. Ween, and Stephen C. Strother. "PHYCAA: Data-driven measurement and removal of physiological noise in BOLD fMRI." NeuroImage 59, no. 2 (January 2012): 1299–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.08.021.

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Zou, Li-kou, Hong-ning Wang, Xin Pan, Guo-bao Tian, Zi-wen Xie, Qi Wu, Hui Chen, Tao Xie, and Zhi-rong Yang. "Expression, purification and characterization of a phyA m -phyCs fusion phytase." Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE B 9, no. 7 (July 2008): 536–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1631/jzus.b0720006.

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Fabricant, Peter D., Madison R. Heath, Matthew Veerkamp, Simone Gruber, Daniel W. Green, Sabrina M. Strickland, Eric J. Wall, et al. "Reliability of Radiologic Assessments of Clinically Relevant Growth Remaining in Knee MRI of Children and Adolescents With Patellofemoral Instability: Data From the JUPITER Cohort." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 9, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 232596712199111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967121991110.

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Background: Surgical decision making and preoperative planning for children and adolescents with patellofemoral instability rely heavily on a patient’s skeletal maturity. To be clinically useful, radiologic assessments of skeletal maturity must demonstrate acceptable interrater reliability and accuracy. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the interrater reliability among surgeons of varying experience levels and specialty training backgrounds when evaluating the skeletal maturity of the distal femur and proximal tibia of children and adolescents with patellofemoral instability. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Six fellowship-trained orthopaedic surgeons (3 pediatric orthopaedic, 2 sports medicine, and 1 with both) who perform a high volume of patellofemoral instability surgery examined 20 blinded knee radiographs and magnetic resonance images in random order. They assessed these images for clinically relevant growth (open physis) or clinically insignificant growth (closing/closed physis) remaining in the distal femoral and proximal tibial physes. Fleiss’ kappa was calculated for each measurement. After initial ratings, raters discussed consensus methods to improve reliability and assessed the images again to determine if training and new criteria improved interrater reliability. Results: Reliability for initial assessments of distal femoral and proximal tibial physeal patency was poor (kappa range, 0.01-0.58). After consensus building, all assessments demonstrated almost-perfect interrater reliability (kappa, 0.99 for all measurements). Conclusion: Surgical decision making and preoperative planning for children and adolescents with patellofemoral instability rely heavily on radiologic assessment of skeletal maturity. This study found that initial interrater reliability of physeal patency and clinical decision making was unacceptably low. However, with the addition of new criteria, a consensus-building process, and training, these variables became highly reliable.

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Whitaker, Muriel. "The Arthurian Companion by Phylus Ann Karr." Arthuriana 12, no. 2 (2002): 158–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/art.2002.0068.

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Methven, David A., and D. Scott McKelvie. "Distribution of Phycis chesteri (Pisces: Gadidae) on the Grand Bank and Labrador Shelf." Copeia 1986, no. 4 (December 23, 1986): 886. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1445284.

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Rundle, Carly M., Barthold Hillen, Yueming Dersjant-Li, Anne-Marie Debicki-Garnier, and Hans H. Stein. "131 The effect of increasing phytase dose to 1000 FTU/kg on phosphorous and calcium digestibility in pigs fed diets without inorganic P." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_4 (November 3, 2020): 100–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa278.184.

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Abstract An experiment was conducted to compare two sources of phytase, Buttiauxella phytase expressed in T. reesei (Phytase B) and a hybrid phytase expressed in A. niger (Phytase H), on the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of phosphorous (P) and calcium (Ca) in pigs fed diets without inorganic P. Eighty barrows (12.8 ± 1.04 kg) were placed in metabolism crates and fed 8 diets (10 pigs/diet). A positive control diet (PC) based on corn, wheat, canola meal, and soybean meal was formulated to contain 0.29% standardized total tract digestible (STTD) P and 0.60% Ca. A negative control (NC) was formulated without inorganic P, and this diet contained 0.48% Ca and 0.19% STTD P. Six additional diets were formulated by adding 250, 500, or 1000 units of each phytase (FTU)/kg to NC. After 5 d of adaptation, feces were collected from the feed fed during the following 4 days. Data were analyzed using contrast statements to compare source of phytase and determine the linear and quadratic effects within each source of phytase. With increasing dosage, fecal excretion of P decreased with phytase B (quadratic, P < 0.05) and tended to decrease with phytase H (P < 0.10), but fecal P was greater (P < 0.05) for phytase H than phytase B. The ATTD of P increased quadratically with increasing dose of either phytase B or phytase H (P < 0.05). Across dose levels, phytase B had greater (P < 0.05) ATTD of P and Ca (77.3 and 83.5%) than phytase H (71.0 and 79.3), indicating that phytase B increases the ATTD of P and Ca to a greater extent than phytase H. In conclusion, both phytase B and phytase H, to a different extent, reduced fecal P excretion and increased ATTD of Ca and P in a dose dependent manner.

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Dei Giudici, Luca, Roberto Fabbrini, Luca Garro, Serena Arima, Antonio Gigante, and Agostino Tucciarone. "Arthroscopic Transphyseal Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Adolescent Athletes." Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery 24, no. 3 (December 2016): 307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1602400307.

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Purpose To evaluate the 5-year outcome of arthroscopic transphyseal anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in 19 adolescent athletes. Methods 14 male and 5 female adolescent athletes aged 12 to 16 (mean, 13.9) years with Tanner stage 2 or 3 open physes underwent arthroscopic transphyseal ACL reconstruction by a single surgeon and were followed up for 5 years. Patients were evaluated using the numerical rating score (NRS) for pain, knee osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS), International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Tegner Activity Scale, and Lysholm Score, as well as the leg length discrepancy, femorotibial alignment, varus or valgus deformities, active and passive knee range of motion. Results At 5-year follow-up, physes were closed in all patients. The mean NRS for pain improved from 7.2 to 1.6; the KOOS improved from 55.3 to 88; the mean IKDC score improved from 34.5 to 84; the mean Tegner Activity Scale improved from 2.7 to 8.2 and was comparable with that before injury (8.4); and the mean Lysholm score improved from 36.3 to 84.6. All except 2 patients returned to their pre-injury level of sports activity after a mean of 25 weeks. The 2 exceptions had a 2+ Jerk test and a 3+ Lachman test; one of them also had positive signs for a lateral meniscal lesion. Both had sustained a second trauma not long before the 5-year follow-up. Two patients had reduced sensitivity in the anteromedial aspect of the proximal third of the tibia. One patient had leg length discrepancy of +1.5 cm owing to overgrowth response of the physis. Conclusion Transphyseal ACL reconstruction is a viable option for skeletally immature patients, with high reproducibility, a high rate of return to sport, and a low incidence of growth disturbance. Early surgery can prevent the onset of meniscal lesions and early osteoarthritis.

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Feng, H., R. Y. Zuo, J. Chang, Q. H. Zheng, and Q. Q. Yin. "Phytase Expressed by pIAβ8 and pGAPZαA Vectors and Analysis of its Biochemical Characters." Open Biotechnology Journal 3, no. 1 (March 3, 2009): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874070700903010019.

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Phytase and phytase gene from Aspergillus ficuum (A. ficuum) were used in this study. The results showed that phytase activity reached the peak of 0.17 U/g after 4 d incubation in solid medium for A. ficuum; the optimum pH and temperature of phytase were 2.5 and 50 oC, respectively. A 1.4-kb DNA containing the coding region of phytase gene was isolated and inserted into the expression vectors of pIAβ8 and pGAPZαA, which were transformed into E. coli (Top 10). The maximal phytase activities in the supernatant and cells were 2.31 and 9.04 U/ml for the E. coli with pIAβ8, 8.04 and 2.93 U/ml for the E. coli with pGAPZαA, respectively. It was concluded that the recombinant of pIAβ8-phytase could express intracellular phytase, while the recombinant of pGAPZαA-phytase could express extracellular phytase. The molecular weight of phytase protein was 54.61 kDa.

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Churchill, Nathan W., and Stephen C. Strother. "PHYCAA+: An optimized, adaptive procedure for measuring and controlling physiological noise in BOLD fMRI." NeuroImage 82 (November 2013): 306–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.05.102.

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Onyango, E. M., M. R. Bedford, and O. Adeola. "Phytase activity along the digestive tract of the broiler chick: A comparative study of an Escherichia coli-derived and Peniophora lycii phytase." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 85, no. 1 (March 1, 2005): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/a04-067.

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Residual activity of an Escherichia coli-derived phytase and a commercially available Peniophora lycii phytase along the digestive tract of broiler chicks was compared in order to evaluate their relative resistance to hydrolysis in the digestive tract. Seventy-two 7-d-old male broiler chicks were grouped by weight into six blocks of three cages with four birds per cage. Three corn-soybean meal-based diets were randomly assigned to cages within each block. The three diets were a low P diet containing 3.9 g P kg-1 diet; and low P diet plus either E. coli-derived phytase or the P. lycii phytase at 1000 units kg-1 of feed. The chicks were fed experimental diets from 8 to 22 d of age. At the end of the study, chicks were killed and the contents of the crop, proventriculus and gizzard, jejunum and ileum were collected, freeze-dried, ground and analyzed for phytase activity. Escherichia coli-derived phytase had more residual activity at the proventriculus and gizzard, jejunum and ileum when compared with the P. lycii phytase (P < 0.0001). The E. coli-derived phytase may be more resistant to hydrolysis in the digestive tract when compared with the P. lycii phytase. Key words: Broiler chick, Escherichia coli phytase, residual phytase activity

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WEBB, DONALD W., STEPHEN D. GAIMARI, MARTIN HAUSER, KEVIN C. HOLSTON, MARK A. METZ, MICHAEL E. IRWIN, GAIL E. KAMPMEIER, and KRISTIN ALGMIN. "An annotated catalogue of the New World Therevidae (Insecta: Diptera: Asiloidea)." Zootaxa 3600, no. 1 (January 11, 2013): 1–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3600.1.1.

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The genera and species of New World stiletto flies (Diptera: Therevidae) are listed, with annotated references to nomenclature, synonymies and generic combinations, type localities, the primary type depositories, distribution, and citations for the most recent revisions. The genus Cyclotelus Walker, 1850 (along with its synonyms Furcifera Kröber, 1911, and Epomyia Cole, 1923a) is synonymized under Cerocatus Rondani, 1848. Ectinorhynchus fascipennis Kröber, 1911 is given the new name Cerocatus rondanii Gaimari, and Phycus rufiventris Kröber, 1911 is given the new name Cerocatus raspii Hauser. Phycus analis Kröber, 1911 and Phycus bicolor Kröber, 1911, are placed as new combinations in Cerocatus Rondani, as are the following species that were previously in combination with Cyclotelus: Furcifera achaeta Malloch, 1932, Cyclotelus badicrusus Irwin and Webb, 1992, Phycus beckeri Kröber, 1911, Epomyia bella Cole, 1923a, Furcifera braziliana Cole, 1960a, Cyclotelus colei Irwin and Lyneborg, 1981a, Thereva diversipes Kröber, 1911, Thereva fascipennis Macquart, 1846a, Psilocephala femorata Kröber, 1911, Furcifera flavipes Kröber, 1928b, Furcifera hardyi Cole, 1960a, Furcifera kroeberi Cole, 1960a, Cyclotelus laetus Walker, 1850, Furcifera longicornis Kröber, 1911, Cyclotelus nigroflammus Walker, 1850, Psilocephala nigrifrons Kröber, 1914a, Thereva pictipennis Wiedemann, 1821, Furcifera polita Kröber, 1911, Cyclotelus pruinosus Walker, 1850, Thereva ruficornis Macquart, 1841a, Psilocephala rufiventris Loew, 1869, Thereva scutellaris Walker, 1857, Cyclotelus silacrusus Irwin and Webb, 1992, Cyclotelus socius Walker, 1850 and Psilocephala sumichrasti Bellardi, 1861. Dialineura pallidiventris Malloch, 1932, Melanothereva blackmani Oldroyd, 1968, Thereva maculicornis Jaennicke, 1867 and Thereva notabilis Macquart, 1841a are placed as new combinations in Entesia Oldroyd. Henicomyia amazonica Irwin and Webb, 1992 is a new synonym of Henicomyia flava Lyneborg, 1972. Henicomyia varipes Kröber, 1912a is given revised species status from former synonymy withHenicomyia hubbardii Coquillett, 1898.

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Zhang, Na, Xiao Mei Li, and Qing Qi Guo. "Properties of Phytase from Aspergillus oryzae093." Advanced Materials Research 113-116 (June 2010): 1833–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.113-116.1833.

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Optimal condition, stability and Km of phytase which was from Aspergillus oryzae093 were studied. The optimal temperature and pH for sodium-phytate hydrolysis by Aspergillus oryzae093 phytase is 50°C and 5.5 respectively. Phytase has better heat stability as temperature below 45°C. The phytase activity remained 90% when pH is 5.0 to 6.0. Low concentration Fe2+ and Mg2+ can promote phytase activity, while Cu2+, Mn2+, Fe3+, Al3+ or high concentration Fe2+ and Mg2+ can inhibite the activity of phytase. The Km is about 4.8×10-5 mol•L-1 when sodium phytate as substrate. The enzyme properties of Aspergillus oryzae093 phytase make it could apply to food and feed to reduce the phosphorus exhausted to environment.

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Ezra, Navid, Joseph F. Greco, Jennifer C. Haley, and Melvin W. Chiu. "Gnatophyma and Otophyma." Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 13, no. 5 (September 2009): 266–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/7750.2008.08051.

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Background: Phymas are slowly progressive, disfiguring disorders of the face and ears that represent the end stage of rosacea. The most common phyma is rhinophyma, yet similar swellings may occur on the chin (gnatophyma), forehead (metophyma), one or both ears (otophyma), and eyelids (blepharophyma). Objective: Unlike rhinophyma, otophyma is rarely seen. We report two rare phymas: a case of gnatophyma and a case of otophyma. Methods: A 56-year-old African American man presented with a history of bumps on his chin that had begun about 7 years earlier. Physical examination was remarkable for lobulated plaques on the chin, coalescing into hypertrophic nodules and dilated pores. A 73-year-old African American male presented with bilateral cauliflower-like earlobe growths for the past 17 years. Results: A skin biopsy was performed for each patient demonstrating cystic follicular dilatation with keratin plugging, dermal scarring, psoriasiform epidermal hyperplasia, and chronic inflammation of some of the follicles. Conclusion: This case report describes a relatively rare gnatophyma and otophyma. Surgical management is well accepted as the best mode of therapy to treat rhinophyma and is becoming a first-line treatment for all phymas.

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Vier, Carine, Steve S. Dritz, Mike D. Tokach, Jon Bergstrom, Jason C. Woodworth, Robert D. Goodband, and Joel M. DeRouchey. "128 Determining the effects of high phytase levels and feeding duration on growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing pigs." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_3 (November 2, 2020): 50–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa054.093.

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Abstract Our objective was to determine the effects of high phytase levels and feeding duration on performance of growing finishing pigs. A total of 1,215 barrows and gilts (PIC 359×Camborough, initially 28.0±0.47 kg) were used in a 126-d growth trial with 27 pigs per pen and 15 pens per treatment in a randomized complete block design. Diets were corn-soybean meal-dried distillers grains with solubles-based.Treatments were: 1) Control (no added phytase); 2) Grower phytase (1,500 FYT/kg added phytase fed from d 0 to 57, then no phytase from d 57 to market); and 3) Grow-finish phytase (1,500 FYT/kg added phytase fed throughout the study). Phytase (Ronozyme Hiphos GT 2500, heat-stable; DSM Nutritional Products, Inc., Parsippany, NJ) was assumed to release 0.146% digestible phosphorus (P), 0.166% available P, 0.102% STTD calcium, 53 kcal/kg of metabolizable energy, 42 kcal/kg of net energy (NE), and 0.0217, 0.0003, 0.00886, 0.0224, 0.0056, 0.0122, and 0.0163% standardized ileal digestible lysine, methionine, methionine+cysteine, threonine, tryptophan, isoleucine, and valine, respectively. Beef tallow and feed grade amino acids (AA) were added to the diets without phytase to balance NE and AA across treatments. Data were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models with pen as the experimental unit.Overall, pigs fed diets with no phytase and pigs that were only fed phytase in the grower period had greater (P< 0.05) average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency (G:F) than pigs fed the phytase-containing diets until market. Pigs fed the control and grower phytase treatments had greater (P< 0.10) hot carcass weight (HCW) than the phytase throughout treatment. No evidence of differences (P >0.10) were observed for other carcass characteristics. In summary, adding 1,500 FYT/kg of phytase and using full matrix values for minerals, AA, and energy had detrimental effects on ADG, G:F, and HCW in this study when applied to the entire grow-finish period.

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Liu, L., and L. Yu. "Phybase: an R package for species tree analysis." Bioinformatics 26, no. 7 (February 15, 2010): 962–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btq062.

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Abdel-Megeed, Ahmed, and Arifa Tahir. "Reduction of Phosphorus Pollution from Broilers Waste through Supplementation of Wheat Based Broilers Feed with Phytase." Journal of Chemistry 2015 (2015): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/867014.

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The present study was conducted to reduce phosphorus pollution from broilers waste by supplementing phytase enzyme in broilers fee. Two hundred two-week-old broilers (Hubbard) were selected and randomly allocated to three dietary treatment groups, one control group (without phytase) and two trial groups (group A with 300 U/kg phytase and group B with 600 U/kg phytase). Each group was composed of 5 replicates with 10 chicks. Broilers fed the control diet (without phytase) gained weight slower (P< 0.05) than the other treatment groups. A significant increase in body weight gain of group A (28.00 ± 2.97) and group B (29.75 ± 3.45) was observed as compared to control group (26.75 ± 2.78). The feed intake of the birds fed the diets containing microbial phytase 600 U/kg was the highest. Phytase significantly (P> 0.05) reduces excreta P and Ca level. Phytase addition did not affect excreta pH. The presence of phytase in feed mixtures significantly (P> 0.05) improves the body weight gain and feed intake of broiler chickens.

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Kusumadjaja, Aline Puspita, Tutuk Budiati, Ni Nyoman Tri Puspaningsih, and Sajidan Sajidan. "SCREENING OF THERMOPHYLIC MICROORGANISM FROM IJEN CRATER BANYUWANGI AS PHYTASE ENZYME PRODUCER." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 9, no. 3 (June 24, 2010): 470–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21518.

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Phytase is enzyme which hydrolysis phytic acid to anorganic phosphate and myo-inositol pentakis-, tetrakis-, tris-, bis-, and monophosphate. The use of phytase in feed industry can overcome environment and nutrition problems which were arisen from unmetabolism phytic acid or its salt by poultry, swine and fish. The feed industry needs a thermostable enzyme due to the need of high temperature in pelleting process, i.e. 81 °C. By using thermostabile phytase, the pelleting process will not affect the enzyme activity. Thermostabile phytase can be isolated from microorganism live in hot spring water or volcano crater. In this study, the screening of thermophylic microorganism having thermostabile phytase activity in Ijen Crater, Banyuwangi, has been done. From this process, it was obtained 33 isolates that produce phytase enzyme. Isolate was code by AP-17 yields highest phytase activity, that is 0.0296 U/mL, so this isolate was choosen for further study. The activity of crude phytase enzyme was measured based on the amount of anorganic phosphate that was produced in enzymatic reaction using UV-VIS spectrophotometer at 392 nm. Based on morphology test to identify the gram type of microorganism, isolate AP-17 has a bacill cell type and identified as positive gram bacteria. This isolate was assumed as Bacillus type. Keywords: Phytase, thermophilic microorganism, phytase activity

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Soni, Sarvesh K., Sampa Sarkar, P. R. Selvakannan, Dhiman Sarkar, and Suresh K. Bhargava. "Intrinsic therapeutic and biocatalytic roles of ionic liquid mediated self-assembled platinum–phytase nanospheres." RSC Advances 5, no. 77 (2015): 62871–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra11273g.

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Muji, Skender, Alltane Kryeziu, Muhamet Kamberi, Ragip Kastrati, and Nuridin Mestani. "The Excretion of Ca, Mg, Zn and Cu Through Excreta of Laying Hens Fed Two Different Levels of Protein with and without Phytase." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 7, no. 1 (January 14, 2019): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v7i1.68-72.2111.

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An 8-week experiment was conducted to study the effect of added Natuphos® 5000 phytase in corn–soybean meal-based diets on laying hens fed different levels of crude protein (CP) (14 and 17%). Two levels of phytase enzyme were used: 0 and 600 Phytase Units (FTU)/kg feed. The experiment used 144 Hisex Brown laying hens in a 2 × 2 factorial design. Four treatments and three replicates per treatment with 12 hens per replicate were used. Egg production was recorded daily while egg weight was assessed on 13th and 14th day of each two-week period to calculate total egg mass. Total excreta were collected and approximately 10% of the amount was used for analysis after drying in a forced draft oven. The results showed no significant effect of added phytase on excreta Calcium (Ca) content, but significantly lower Magnesium (Mg) content was observed with phytase (3.54, 2.48, 3.13 and 2.75 % for hens fed 14% CP no phytase, 14% CP + phytase, 17% CP no phytase, and 17% CP + phytase, respectively). Added phytase also significantly decreased Mg excretion measured as grams/kg of egg mass (21.43, 12.47, 16.76 and 14.75 g/kg egg mass for hens of respective dietary treatments. Phytase had a strong effect on Zink (Zn) levels with 438.96, 369.17, 434.38 and 374.58 mg Zn/kg dry excreta of hens. Similar results were observed with Cu. Added phytase significantly reduced the excreta content and the excretion of Cu. The results of this experiment indicate that adding 600 FTU to laying hen diets containing 14% CP decreases the excretion of Mg, Zn and Cu without any adverse effects on the egg mass produced of laying hens.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Phycas'

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