Academic literature on the topic 'Physalis ixocarpa'

Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2017-10-30T20:40:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 NATALINA - DISSERTA??O.pdf: 1817791 bytes, checksum: 2acedf4e19b6b8a7b03cc91b0abc9111 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-30T20:40:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 NATALINA - DISSERTA??O.pdf: 1817791 bytes, checksum: 2acedf4e19b6b8a7b03cc91b0abc9111 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-29<br>Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES<br>The tomatillo center of origin is in Mexico, being the fifth most produced vegetable in the country mainly used in the preparation of traditional Mexican cultural dishes. The principal means of spreading species from the genus Physalis are seeds. Physalis is considered easy to grow because of the quantity of seeds the genus produces, and its high rates of germination. This study aimed to characterize the developmental cycle and compare the growth of tomatillo 'purple' in two light conditions. For this purpose, P. ixocarpa 'purple' was grown in PVC pots with four replications of 10 samples for each treatment, a total of 40 plants per treatment. Evaluation of the seedling emergence was held in a range of 7, 14 and 21 days after sowing. The analysis of other phenophases started up to 26 days after sowing, was maintained throughout the cycle, and held in 14 days intervals. The estimated physiological parameters are the content of chlorophyll a and b, and leaf carotenoids. The plasticity of the species in the study was assessed using growth analysis with the variables height, stem diameter, number of leaves, buds, flowers and fruits, and dry weight of plant growth. Analysis was performed with the variables height, stem diameter, number of leaves, buds, flowers, fruits, dry mass of plants and leaf anatomy. The means of the data were assessed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the student T-Test with a 5% significance level. In this study the parameters that were influenced by light were the emergence rate of seedlings, the content of photosynthetic pigments, leaf thickness, period required for the establishment of phenophases, dry weight, fruit production and seed vigor. Although the plants grown in direct sunlight have higher rates of growth, greater production of fruits and viable seeds were obtained in plants grown under shade.<br>O centro de origem de Physalis ixocarpa ? o M?xico, sendo a quinta hort?cola mais produzida no pa?s, usada principalmente na prepara??o de pratos tradicionais da cultura mexicana. A principal forma de propaga??o de esp?cies do g?nero Physalis ? a partir de sementes, sendo considerada de f?cil cultivo pela quantidade de sementes produzidas e pelas altas taxas de germinabilidade. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar o ciclo de desenvolvimento e comparar o crescimento de Physalis ixocarpa Brot. ex Hormen bem como analisar os pigmentos cloroplast?dicos, anatomia foliar e germina??o de sementes oriundos dos frutos produzidos sob duas condi??es de luminosidade. Para tanto, realizou-se o cultivo de P. ixocarpa ?roxa? em vasos de PVC, sendo 4 repeti??es de 10 amostras para cada tratamento, perfazendo um total de 40 plantas por tratamento. As avalia??es de emerg?ncia de pl?ntulas foram realizadas em num intervalo de 7 dias ap?s a semeadura finalizando aos 21, as an?lises das demais fenofases iniciaram-se aos 26 dias ap?s a semeadura sendo mantida por todo ciclo e realizada em intervalo14 dias. O par?metro fisiol?gico avaliado foi o teor de clorofila a e b e caroten?ide de folhas expandidas. A aclimata??o da esp?cie em estudo foi avaliada atrav?s da an?lise de crescimento com as vari?veis: altura, di?metro do colo, n?mero de folhas, bot?es florais, flores e frutos e massa seca das plantas. Foi realizada an?lise de crescimento com as vari?veis: altura, di?metro do colo, n?mero de folhas, bot?es florais, flores, frutos, massa seca das plantas e a anatomia foliar. Os dados foram submetidos ao teste de m?dias com an?lise de vari?ncia seguida pelo Teste T-Student a 5% de signific?ncia. Nesse estudo os par?metros que mostraram-se influenciados pela luminosidade foram a taxa de emerg?ncia de pl?ntulas, os teores de pigmentos fotossint?ticos, espessura do limbo foliar, per?odo necess?rio para o estabelecimento das fenofases, massa seca, produ??o de frutos e vigor das sementes. Apesar das plantas cultivadas a pleno sol apresentarem maiores ?ndices de crescimento, a maior produ??o de frutos e sementes vi?veis foram obtidas em plantas cultivadas em ambiente sombreado.

En el trabajo se evaluó el efecto del dos presentaciones de Boro para su aplicación en el fertirriego y evaluación del rendimiento y calidad del fruto del cultivo de Tomate de cascara<br>Recursos del alumno de licenciatura

El tomate de cascara (Physalis ixocarpa Brot.) también llamado tomate, tomate verde, tomate de hoja, tomate de fresadilla, tomate de bolsa y tomatillo es conocido desde las épocas prehispánicas por los mayas, teotihuacanos, aztecas, purépechas, etc., siendo México su centro de origen y domesticación. Esta hortaliza pertenece a la familia Solanácea y subfamilia Solanoideae tribu Solaneae (contempla 18 géneros). Su cultivo no requiere de cuidados muy demandantes, sin embargo se ha visto afectado por la presencia de enfermedades y plagas. Aunque existen infinidad de plagas e insectos plaga, de las que atacan al cultivo destacan: la mosca blanca (Bemisia tabaci), que origina amarillamiento de la planta, abortó floral; trips (Franklinella occidentalis Pergante) que causa la deformación de frutos y mala calidad para su comercialización. Aunque existen diferentes tipos de control para este tipo de insectos plagas, tanto de origen químico como las convencionales, el uso de extractos vegetales ha tomado una mayor relevancia agrícola para el control de plagas y es cada vez más aceptado debido a la necesidad de emplear compuestos eficaces que no provoquen efectos secundarios en la salud humana. Con la idea de mejorar la practica en el cultivo del tomate verde, se realizó el presente trabajo para determinar el efecto de extractos vegetales de ortiga (Urtica dioica), chicalota (Argemone mexicana L.), ruda (Ruta graveolens L.), Toloache (Datura stramonium L.) y estafiate (Ambrosia confertiflora DC.), más el agua como testigo. Los extractos mostraron un efecto repelente en las plagas que afectan al tomate de cascara; para mosca blanca, el extracto de chicalota originó la menor área bajo la curva en las diferentes fechas de muestreo. En el caso de trips los menores valores de captura y área bajo la curva se presentaron con los extractos de ortiga y chicalota. El rendimiento obtenido con los extractos fue similar al testigo. Los extractos de plantas nativas del Valle de Toluca representan una excelente alternativa sustentable (manejo orgánico) para el control de plagas.

碩士<br>國立屏東科技大學<br>熱帶農業暨國際合作系所<br>95<br>The genus Physalis, established by Linnaeus in 1753, contains about 100 species of annual and perennial herbs. At least five of them, including P. ixocarpa, have been reported for their medicinal and nutritional values. One of the characteristics of P. ixocarpa is the sexual incompatibility. Therefore, production of commercial varieties with uniform quality is difficult. Moreover, breeding programs focusing on the improvement of nutritional and medicinal characteristics as well as disease and pest resistance are not efficient without the use of biotechnological tools. Experiments were conducted in order to study the effect of auxins alone, auxins combined with cytokinins and sucrose in seedling tissues. Somatic embryos were obtained from cotyledons cultured on agar solidified Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with BA 0-5mg L-1 + IBA 0-5mg L-1. The best result was obtained from the medium supplemented with BA 1mg L-1 + IBA 0-0.1mg L-1. IBA exert a significant effect in the induction of SE, the higher the doses of IBA, the lower the number of SE per explant. Hypocotyl explants developed somatic embryos after cultured on (MS) medium supplemented with BA 1mg L-1 + IBA 5mg L-1 + Sucrose 1-5%. The sucrose concentration exerts effect in the morphogenic induction of hypocotyls, and the best sucrose concentrations for SE induction were 2 and 4%. Extreme sucrose concentration (0% or 5%) reduced the number of SE formed. It was also observed that more roots were induced when sucrose was increased. There were other factors that affect the induction of SE in P. ixocarpa one could be the genotype. Somatic embryo stages (globular, heart shape and torpedo shape) were observed by histological and morphological studies. Plants were regenerated from SE cultured in MS medium without plant growth regulators and transferred to ex vitro condition where they developed into normal plants.