Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Physical education and training management - Swaziland'

Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the Masters Degree in Library and Information Science at the University of Zululand in the Department of Library and Information Science, South Africa, 2011.
This study investigated the feasibility of providing Library and Information Management higher education and training locally in Swaziland. It aimed to determine if it is possible and necessary for Swaziland to be involved in the education and training of its own Library and Information Management professionals within the country. The study was centered on two major concerns facing the country with respect to Library and Information Management practice. These were the dependence of the country on foreign schools to acquire higher education and training, and the required funding to import such education and training into the country. Also highlighted were issues of the relevance of the imported education and training and major concerns concerning funding for higher education and training in other countries. The study had seven objectives as follows: • To investigate the state of Library and Information Management higher education and training in Swaziland • To determine if there is a need for the local higher education and training of candidates to the profession and existing professionals in Swaziland • To investigate whether or not there is a market for Library and Information Management professionals to be educated and trained in Swaziland • To investigate the availability of infrastructure that is required for providing higher education and training in Library and Information Management in Swaziland • To establish the challenges and opportunities of providing Library and Information Management higher education and training in the country • To determine the feasibility of providing Library and Information Management higher education and training in Swaziland with respect to cost, relevance and human resources • To determine the role of major stakeholders, such as the government and the Library and Information Professional Association, in providing local higher education and training in Library and Information Management The study targeted five population groups as follows: • Prospective entrants to the Library and Information Management profession • Existing and practicing Library and Information Management employees • Job advertisements for Library and Information Management personnel • Existing and potential employers of Library and Information Management employees • Training institutions likely to host Library and Information Management higher education and training In this study, both qualitative and quantitative data was obtained using survey questionnaires, interviews, content analysis, and observation. Questionnaires gathered data from prospective entrants to the profession of Library and Information Management and existing employees in the profession. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with current and potential employers in the government and major Library and Information Management service organizations. Content analysis of newspaper advertisements for the job market in Library and Information Management was performed on two v local dailies spanning a period of four years (2005 - 2008). Observation was conducted in two higher education institutions to check whether or not they were capable of hosting Library and Information Management education. Prospective entrants, employees, employers and the training institutions highly favoured higher education in Library and Information Management within the country. 155 (64 %) of the prospective entrants expressed their willingness to join the profession of Library and Information Management and pursue higher education, and this could increase to 196 (81 %) with effective marketing campaigns that would woe the 41 (17 %) who were undecided / flexible prospective entrants. Many employees also expressed their desire for local higher education in Library and Information Management. The employees – most with foreign-acquired qualifications – desired to further their higher education and training in the local environment. Employers also continuously emphasized the feasibility of hosting higher education in Library and Information Management in Swaziland. The employers suggested that Swaziland must first introduce diploma programs before proceeding to degree levels. The government as a stakeholder ensured its financial support in sponsoring the pursuit of local higher education in Library and Information Management by local candidates. Both of the visited higher education institutions were suitable in terms of infrastructure. The University of Swaziland displayed more infrastructure and resources and is suitable for both graduate and postgraduate programs. Mananga’s infrastructure and resources could host a diploma and certificate program in Library and Information Management. Content analysis was performed on 98 newspaper advertisements obtained from 2084 papers. The percentage of the obtained advertisements against the total number of papers scanned was low at 9 %. This would suggest low feasibility, but only if the expectation is that job advertisements for a profession would run every day in a local newspaper. Employers in Library and Information Management, however, insisted on the availability of jobs in the local market and highlighted several positive indicators of a growing market in this profession. It was recommended that in hosting programs, the duplication of hosting institutions should be avoided for a small country like Swaziland, and stakeholder participation and involvement should be maintained for the continued success of the education programs. Relevance should also be fairly addressed and balanced for the local, regional and international applicability of locally acquired qualifications. Tracer studies on the usefulness of the educational programs against changing needs of the market would be necessary, and within the first five years, assessments should be conducted in order to positively influence the programs.

There are many choices of specialists to be utilized in a sport medicine support staff. The effectiveness of any athletic training program depends on the organization and utilization of these specialists. The purpose of this investigation was to review current practices of accessibility, utilization, and compensation of sports medicine support staff at NCAA Division I, II, and III institutions. A random sample of 225 NCAA institutions equally stratified by level (Division I, II, 111) was obtained from the National Association of Collegiate Directors of Athletics (NACDA) directory. A questionnaire was sent to 75 head athletic trainers in each of three NCAA divisions levels. Of the 225 questionnaires mailed, 178 were returned representing a 79% response rate.The accessibility and utilization of support staff was equally distributed with respect to gender and sports at all division levels. When examining the support staff, Division I had consistently higher accessibility and utilization rates than Division II and Ill. This study may assist athletic trainers to evaluate or update their program by reviewing current practices of accessibility utilization, and compensation of support staff.
School of Physical Education

Thesis (PhD (Education )--University of Stellenbosch, 2003.
355 leaves printed on single pages, preliminary pages i- xxiii and numbered pages 1-330. Includes bibliography and list of tables. Digitized at 600 dpi grayscale to pdf format (OCR), using a Bizhub 250 Konica Minolta Scanner.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The sporting environment in South Africa started changing drastically when professional sport increasingly became a reality after years of sporting isolation. As a result of these changes new career opportunities opened up because professionals were required to manage professional sport. These new professional sporting organisations are modelled on economically active businesses that require managers at all levels. Training institutions soon started offering programmes to train these so-called sports managers. Although there are specialists working in the sporting environment, the generic term "sports manager" is used to identify these individuals. The appropriate and sustainable training of sports managers forms the nucleus of the research in this study. Training programmes for sports managers are mostly offered at departments of human movement studies or sports science. This tended to create the impression that these training programmes are merely adapted human movement studies programmes that do not necessarily make provision for the professional sports management industry. The main purpose of this study was to design a curriculum framework for sport management training that is not only practice-oriented, but that also ensures sustainable programmes. To realise this, both an international and a national historical perspective on sport management training were researched. A description of a theoretical curriculum model with specific reference to current trends in education in South Africa was given. Furthermore it endeavoured to establish, from within the sporting industry, the knowledge and skills that are required for a career in sports management. From this information an attempt was made to suggest a curriculum framework so that appropriate and sustainable sports management training programmes can be offered. From a historical survey it became evident that sports management training programmes are in a relatively early development phase. An analysis of international programmes revealed that these programmes focus mainly on the economic and management activities in sports management organisations. Few instances were found where human movement studies constituted a prominent part of the contents of the programmes. However, the opposite was found to be true when South African programmes were reviewed. The majority of these programmes include components of human movement studies/sport science in their contents. Some of the programmes focus specifically on human movement studies/sport science and merely offer introductory modules on aspects of sports management. This study indicates the necessity for sports management training programmes in higher education to fit into specific structures in the South African education framework. New developments centred around the South African Qualifications Authority, the Higher Education Board and more specifically the National Qualifications Framework have been researched and applied to sports management training programmes. To place this study within the perspective of curriculum development, various models and methods of curriculum evaluation were explored. As a result of this a synoptic list was compiled to which sports management programmes may be required to comply. As part of the study a questionnaire review was conducted to indicate sports managers' knowledge and skills requirements in three levels of management. Guidelines were derived from this for generic contents of sports management programmes. It was also indicated that specialist functions exist within the sports management industry and that this phenomenon cannot merely be ignored by academic institutions when curricula are designed. These findings were used to suggest a possible framework for sports management curricula. In the light of a changing environment in South Africa and the development of the professional sports management industry, it is necessary that this framework should continuously be supplemented in a dynamic sporting environment.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die sportbedryf het in Suid-Afrika drasties begin verander toe beroepsport na jare van sportisolasie toenemend 'n werklikheid geword het. Uit hierdie veranderinge het daar nuwe beroepsmoontlikhede ontstaan deurdat professionele persone nodig was om professionele sport te bestuur. Hierdie nuwe professionele sportorganisasies is op die lees van ekonomies-aktiewe besighede geskoei wat beteken dat bestuurders op aile vlakke benodig is. Opleidingsinstellings het spoedig begin om programme aan te bied vir die opleiding van hierdie sogenaamde sportbestuurders. Alhoewel daar 'n verskeidenheid spesialiste in die sportomgewing werk, word die generiese term "sportbestuurder" gebruik om hierdie persone te identifiseer. Die toepaslike en volhoubare opleiding van sportbestuurders vorm die kern van ondersoek in hierdie studie. Opleidingsprogramme vir sportbestuuropleiding word meestal in departemente van menslike bewegingskunde of sportwetenskap aangebied, wat die vermoede laat ontstaan het dat hierdie programme slegs aangepaste menslike bewegingskundeprogramme is en nie noodwendig vir die volle spektrum van behoeftes van die professionele sportbestuurbedryf voorsiening maak nie. Die hoofdoel van hierdie studie was die daarstelling van 'n kurrikulumraamwerk vir sportbestuuropleiding wat nie net praktykgerig is nie, maar ook die volhoubaarheid van hierdie programme verseker. Om dit te verwesenlik, is daar gepoog om 'n internasionale en nasionale historiese perspektief oor sportbestuuropleiding daar te stel. 'n Teoretiese kurrikulummodel is beskryf met spesifieke verwysing na huidige onderwystendense in Suid-Afrika. Vervolgens is gepoog om vanuit die sportbedryf te bepaal wat die kennis- en vaardigheidsvereistes is wat die sportbestuurberoep aan individue stel. Uit hierdie gegewens is gepoog om 'n kurrikulumraamwerk te ontwerp ten einde 'n bydrae te maak tot die volhoubare en toepaslike voorsiening van sportbestuuropleiding. Uit 'n historiese oorsig het dit geblyk dat sportbestuuropleidingsprogramme in 'n relatief vroeë ontwikkelingsfase verkeer. Wat uit die ontleding van internasionale programme duidelik geblyk het, is dat hierdie programme veral op die ekonomiese en bestuursaktiwiteite van sportbestuurorganisasies gefokus is. Min gevalle is aangetref waar menslike bewegingskunde 'n prominente deel van die programinhoud uitmaak. Daar is egter bevind dat die teendeel grootliks waar is van programme in Suid-Afrika. Die meerderheid van die programme het wel komponente van menslike bewegingskunde/sportwetenskap as deel van die inhoud. Sommige programme fokus spesifiek op menslike bewegingskunde/sportwetenskap en bied sportbestuuraspekte slegs as inleidende modules aan. Die studie toon aan dat dit noodsaaklik is om sportbestuuropleidingsprogramme in hoër onderwys binne spesifieke strukture in die Suid-Afrikaanse opvoedingsraamwerk in te pas. Ontwikkelinge rondom die Suid-Afrikaanse Kwalifikasie-owerheid, die Hoër Onderwysraad en meer spesifiek die Nasionale Kwalifikasieraamwerk is ondersoek in die lig van moontlike toepassings op sportbestuurprogramme. Om die studie binne die perspektief van kurrikulumontwikkeling te plaas, is ondersoek ingestel na verskillende modelle en metodes van kurrikulumevaluering. Hieruit is 'n oorsiglys waaraan sportbestuurprogramme moontlik beoordeel kan word, saamgestel. 'n Vraelysondersoek is benut ten einde kennis- en vaardigheidsvereistes van sportbestuurders op drie bestuursvlakke aan te toon. Riglyne ten opsigte van generiese inhoude vir sportbestuurprogramme is hieruit verkry. Daar is ook aangetoon dat spesialisfunksies binne die sportbestuurbedryf bestaan en dat hierdie verskynsel tydens kurrikulumontwerp nie sonder meer deur akademiese instellings geignoreer kan word nie. Hierdie bevindinge is gebruik om 'n moontlike raamwerk vir sportbestuurkurrikula voor te stel. In die lig van 'n veranderende samelewing in Suid-Afrika en die ontwikkeling van die professionele sportbestuurbedryf is dit noodsaaklik dat hierdie raamwerk in 'n dinamiese sportomgewing voortdurend aangevul word.

La presente tesis desarrolla los resultados de una investigación-acción que persiguió mejorar la Competencia Social y Ciudadana del alumnado, y con ello favorecer la prevención y resolución pacífica de los conflictos. Para lograr esta transformación en pro de una buena convivencia, se diseñó y aplicó un programa de intervención desde el área de Educación Física y las sesiones de tutoría y la vez, se analizó y evidenció su efectividad bajo la rigurosidad científica. El enfoque de la investigación se justifica social y científicamente por tres factores: el papel de la escuela en la formación de ciudadanos capaces de ejercer una ciudadanía justa y de afrontar creativamente los conflictos naturales de la vida en sociedad; la prevención de los problemas de convivencia en los centros educativos; y la aportación de nuevos conocimientos en torno a la temática de las Competencias Básicas. En la consecución de nuestro objetivo, priorizamos la EF como motor de aprendizaje social porque es un área que emana vivencias y experiencias en primera persona, a la vez que requiere de la interacción social para desarrollar sus contenidos. Puesto que requeríamos vincularnos interactivamente con el objeto a investigar, el paradigma socio-crítico nos ayudó a comprender y captar la esencia educativa y los comportamientos derivados de nuestra acción. Asimismo, el enmarcamos dentro de la metodología cualitativa permitió adaptar el proceso de investigación a la complejidad de las situaciones que se dan en el aula y ejercer al mismo tiempo el rol de docente y de investigador. Concretamente, optamos por el método de la investigación-acción participativa, porque consideramos que su estructura reflexiva facilitaría: implicar en el estudio a un grupo de maestros colaboradores, resolver los problemas surgidos, garantizar la calidad del conocimiento científico obtenido y simultáneamente constatar los avances en el clima de convivencia de las sesiones de EF. Puesto que nos interesó ir más allá de la visión del investigador, empleamos diferentes instrumentos de recogida de información para captar la perspectiva de los diferentes agentes implicados: docente-investigador, alumnos y maestros. Aunque especialmente nos basamos en la observación participante y en el análisis de documentos, que aportaron evidencias de naturaleza cualitativa, consideramos oportuno respaldarlos con otros datos cuantitativos obtenidos a partir de un cuestionario dirigido al alumnado, una observación no participante y un ranking sociométrico. Finalmente, los resultados triangularon la visión de los tres agentes y se vincularon a tres ejes: las causas y resoluciones de los conflictos en EF, las conductas prosociales manifestadas por los alumnos durante las sesiones de EF y el desarrollo del programa y los beneficios de conectar las sesiones de EF y de tutoría.
This thesis presents the results conducted in an action research project that attempted to improve the social and citizen competence of students helping prevent conflicts as well as promote peaceful conflict resolution. To achieve this and work towards the better wellbeing of students, an intervention program was designed and implemented in physical education and homeroom class sessions. The focus of the research is socially and scientifically based on three factors: the role of schools in preparing citizens capable of being just and fair who can creatively resolve ordinary conflicts; preventing problems that arise from working together in educational institutes; and new knowledge development regarding key competencies. Physical Education was the primary variable in achieving our goal because it allows for diverse and first-hand experiences that also require social interaction in order to fully develop. Considering our needs, the socially-critical paradigm helped us understand and capture the educational essence and behaviour derived from our actions. Likewise, by focusing on qualitative methodology, we were able to adapt our investigation to deal with complex situations that occur in the classroom and at the same time confront them as both a teacher and researcher. We specifically opted for the action research method, because we believe its a reflective structure that facilitates: cooperative teacher involvement from the study group, resolves conflicts that arise, and ensures the quality of the scientific knowledge gained while at the same time monitoring the progress made during the PE classes. We employed different methods of collecting data to capture distinct perspectives from the implied stakeholders: teacher-researchers, students and teachers. Although our observations were primarily based on our participants and on the analysed documents, which provided qualitative evidence, we also considered it appropriate to support them with other quantitative data obtained from a student questionnaire and non-participant observations. In the end, the results brought together the different points-of-view from each stakeholder, connecting three axes: the causes and solutions of conflicts that arise in PE, pro-social behaviour exhibited by students during PE class, and the benefits of curriculum development that integrates PE in the homeroom.

Youth sport is acknowledged as an ideal setting for promoting positive youth development. In particular, youth sport participation has been linked to life skills development and psychological well-being. The coaching climate has been proposed to play a role in facilitating such positive outcomes. Nonetheless, few measures exist to examine life skills development through sport and it is unclear how positive youth development may be facilitated by the coach. Using existing and newly developed measures, this thesis examined how the coaching climate is related to life skills development and psychological well-being in youth sport participants. Phase 1 of this programme of research investigated Benson and Saito’s (2001) conceptual framework for youth development theory and research within sport. Study 1 examined a model whereby the coaching climate is related to life skills development (personal and social skills, cognitive skills, goal setting, and initiative); which, in turn, is related to participants’ psychological well-being (self-esteem, positive affect, and satisfaction with life). Data from 202 youth sport participants suggested that an autonomy supportive coaching climate was positively related to all four life skills. Further analysis revealed that the development of personal and social skills mediated the relationships between coach autonomy support and all three indices of psychological well-being. However, the validity of the scale used to measure life skills was brought into question during this study. Therefore, the studies which follow developed and validated a new scale which could accurately assess eight key life skills young people learn through sport. Phase 2 of this programme of research involved developing and validating a scale which measures life skills development through sport. Study 2 outlines the initial development of a scale which would assess whether young people learn the following life skills through sport: teamwork, goal setting, time management, emotional skills, interpersonal communication, social skills, leadership, and problem solving and decision making. This study involved defining each of the eight life skills, deciding what components made up each life skill and developing items which could assess each life skill. The initial item pool was reviewed by 39 academics, with between two and seven experts assessing the items for each of the eight life skills. Using the ratings and comments provided by experts, the first version of the Life Skills Scale for Sport (LSSS) was developed. Study 3 reduced the number of items contained within the LSSS from 144 to 47 items using both exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and descriptive statistics. For this task, 338 youth sport participants completed the LSSS. EFA results supported the unidimensional factor structure of each of the eight subscales. Each subscale also displayed adequate internal consistency reliability. Study 4 examined the factor structure of the LSSS using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with an independent sample of 223 youth sport participants. After the removal of four emotional skills items, seven of the eight subscales and the revised 43-item scale displayed adequate model fit. Results supported both the convergent and discriminant validity of the LSSS and each of the eight subscales displayed adequate internal consistency reliability. Study 5 assessed the test-retest reliability of the LSSS with an independent sample of 37 youth sport participants. Each participant completed the scale on two occasions which were two weeks apart. Results revealed that time 1 and time 2 scores were relatively unchanged over this two-week period, providing evidence of test-retest reliability. Phase 3 of this programme of research involved re-testing Benson and Saito’s (2001) framework. Study 6 retested the coaching climate – life skills development – psychological well-being model from Study 1 using the LSSS. Data from 326 youth sport participants suggested that an autonomy supportive coaching climate was positively related to young people learning teamwork, goal setting, time management, emotional skills, interpersonal communication, social skills, leadership, and problem solving and decision making. The total amount of life skills a young person developed through sport was positively related to their self-esteem, positive affect and satisfaction with life. Again, the factor structure and reliability of the scale was supported. The findings from this PhD research suggest that the coaching climate plays an important role in young peoples’ development through sport. Specifically, an autonomy supportive coaching climate was positively related to life skills development and psychological well-being in youth sport participants. This thesis also provides researchers with a valid and reliable measure of life skills development through sport. Future research using the LSSS should examine other factors (e.g., peer relationships) which may promote positive youth development through sport. Additionally, future studies can use the LSSS to examine the efficacy of existing programmes (e.g., the SUPER programme) which teach life skills through sport. Such research will help guide coaches and sports programmes efforts to promote positive youth development through sport.

M.Phil.
Against the background of the global interest in offering quality physical education and sport at school level, this study aims to determine how sport and physical activities are delivered in Swaziland schools with an applied focus on total and effective practices. The study highlights the importance of sport in human development and how it can contribute to an enabling school environment. It also outlines the roles played by various stakeholders in Swaziland school sport. The study reviewed the important areas of school sport management and delivery of organised physical activity at schools, while identifying good practice and highlighting challenges. For this descriptive survey, a stratified random sampling procedure was employed. Data were collected and triangulated using a mixed-method approach. A total of 68 head teachers, 66 sports teachers and 405 learners completed questionnaires, and two presidents and three secretaries of sports associations were interviewed. There were 80 participating schools, which is 10 per cent of the total schools in Swaziland. Participating schools were evenly distributed throughout the country as they were randomly stratified according to regions, location and school level. Results indicated that all tiers of research participants (head teachers, sports teachers, and learners) are positive about an active lifestyle and are of the opinion that sport holds special value for learners. Fifty-nine per cent of the participating schools are affiliated to the Swaziland School Sports Association and participate in their activities, while only 21% of learners participate in organised sport activities at their respective schools. From the population of learners, only 23% of boys and 19% of girls participate in school sport, due to various limiting factors such as lack of facilities and relatively poor governance of school sport by the Swaziland School Sports Association, as evidenced in the absence of adequate leadership and strategic documentation on how to achieve envisaged targets. Strategic leadership and active engagement in school sport are also absent from the Ministry of Education and Training, while different international stakeholders such as the Australian Sports Commission and UNICEF offer sport for development programmes without a clear synergy between all the existing structures. Recommendations are made regarding the need for an active policy implementation and national leadership that should strive towards a professional adherence to a philosophy of a holistic development of the Swaziland youth. Key words: School sport, governance, sports teacher, physical education, Swaziland.

M. Ed. (Educational Management)
Schooling in South Africa has been influenced to a large extent by socio-economic and political factors which resulted in a wide variety of schooling systems with vastly differing frameworks and standards. This coupled with the high failure rate of South African students in the 1995 matriculation examination as reported in The Star reflects the need to critically examine the effectiveness of the teaching programme (Swart and Mothibeli, 1995: 1). The Provincialisation of Education in South Africa has introduced far reaching changes which is aimed at improving the quality of Education and also at achieving cost efficient and effective use of educational resources. In a series of articles carried in The Star, increasing educational budget, introducing a single matric examination, introducing practical curricula and implementing teacher upgrading programmes were cited as some of the priorities of the new education department (Anon, 1995: 5). - While the South African Education system undergoes radical changes the question concerning educational productivity and school finance continues internationally. Odden and Clune (1995: 6) stated that although the budgetary provisions for schools in the United States for the period 1960 to 1990 rose by 200% there was only a slight improvement in student achievement. Many significant studies have been conducted in the past few years on school development and on school improvement but views on teacher effectiveness still remain illusive (Dalin, 1994:10). In some instances it is related to occupational roles while for others it is focused on routine aspects of work activity...

Relatório de Estágio do Mestrado em Ensino de Educação Física nos Ensinos Básico e Secundário apresentado à Faculdade de Ciências do Desporto e Educação Física
O Relatório de Estágio surge no âmbito da unidade curricular de Estágio Pedagógico, inserida no plano de estudos do 2º ano do Mestrado em Ensino de Educação Física nos Ensinos Básico e Secundário, da Faculdade de Ciências do Desporto e da Educação Física da Universidade de Coimbra. O Estágio Pedagógico é encarado como o consumar de um ciclo de estudos e tem como principal objetivo a aplicação de todos os conhecimentos e vivências recebidos durante o processo de formação universitária, através da lecionação da disciplina de Educação Física. Elaborado com base no trabalho desenvolvido na Escola Básica e Secundária Quinta das Flores, com a turma B do 11º ano de escolaridade, no ano letivo 2016/2017, este documento visa a produção de uma reflexão devidamente estruturada e fundamentada sobre todo o percurso efetuado. Ao longo do relatório são apresentados os três principais capítulos: a contextualização da prática desenvolvida, a análise reflexiva sobre a prática pedagógica e o aprofundamento do tema-problema. Nos primeiros dois capítulos faz-se uma breve descrição e contextualização das condições em que foi realizado o Estágio Pedagógico, bem como uma análise reflexiva sustentada acerca da prática pedagógica (planeamento, realização e avaliação) e outras tarefas realizadas ao longo do ano letivo. Por fim, é aprofundado o tema-problema, “As ações de organização e de desenvolvimento de uma aula na promoção de disciplina”, que surge da subdivisão de um tema mais amplo, a “Indisciplina em contexto escolar”. Nos dias de hoje, a indisciplina na sala de aula é, cada vez mais, uma das maiores preocupações dos professores, condicionando de forma negativa o processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Neste sentido, através do tema problema escolhido, pretende-se perceber de que modo as ações de organização e de desenvolvimento de uma aula contribuem para a manutenção da disciplina.
The present report is included in the curricular unit of the teacher training of the curriculum of the 2nd year school plan of the Master’s degree in Teaching Physical Education in Basic and Secondary Education, Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra. The teacher training is assumed as the end of a course of studies and its main objective is to apply the knowledge and experience received during the college formation on teaching Physical Education. Based on the teaching work developed with an 11th grade group of students at Quinta das Flores Basic and Secondary School, in 2016/2017, this document intends to reflect on the training course in a structured and reasoned way. The report presents three main chapters: the contextualization of the practice developed, a reflective analysis on pedagogical practice and the deepening of theme-problem. In the first two chapters we make a brief description and contextualisation of the conditions under which the teacher training was carried out, as well as a reflective sustained analysis on the pedagogical practice (planning, implementation and evaluation) and other tasks performed during the school year. Finally, we deepen the problem-theme, "The actions of organization and development of a class in the promotion of discipline", which arises from the subdivision of a broader theme – School indiscipline. Nowadays, Indiscipline in the classroom is increasingly one of the teachers’ main concerns, negatively conditioning the teaching-learning process. This way, through the chosen problem theme, we intend to understand how the actions of organization and development of a class contribute to the maintenance of discipline.

Relatório de Estágio do Mestrado em Ensino de Educação Física nos Ensinos Básico e Secundário apresentado à Faculdade de Ciências do Desporto e Educação Física
O presente documento, visa uma reflexão crítica de todas as intervenções do aluno estagiário em contexto de estágio pedagógico, junto da turma 12.º 2 da Escola Secundária José Falcão, em Coimbra, integrado no Mestrado em Ensino de Educação Física nos Ensinos Básico e Secundário, da Faculdade de Ciências do Desporto e Educação Física, da Universidade de Coimbra.O estágio pedagógico, tem como finalidade promover a integração do estagiário no meio escolar e no exercício da atividade docente de forma gradual e orientada, ao longo do ano letivo, através da prática de ensino supervisionada, em que fomos acompanhados, por um Professor Cooperante da Escola e um Professor Orientador da Faculdade. Através do presente documento, pretendemos retratar a experiência vivida ao longo do ano letivo, em que pretendesse retratar os conhecimentos, as habilidades, as dificuldades e as experiências, no planeamento, na intervenção pedagógica, na avaliação e nas atividades complementares à intervenção pedagógica. O relatório contará também com uma contextualização inicial das expetativas do estagiário, assim como, do contexto em que o estágio pedagógico esteve inserido.Em complemento ao estágio pedagógico, desenvolvemos a análise de um tema problema, também ele integrado na intervenção pedagógica, que passa pela análise da gestão do tempo de aula, nas dimensões de instrução, organização e prática, numa Unidade Didática multimatérias de Basquetebol e Voleibol, na Unidade Didática de Badminton e Ginástica de Solo. Temos como objetivo, realizar a gestão do tempo de aula nas diferentes dimensões, com a aplicação de estratégias que visem potenciar o tempo de prática efetivo e consequentemente reduzir o tempo de instrução e organização.
This document aims at a critical reflection of all the interventions of the student intern in the context of pedagogical stage, with the class 12.º 2 of Secondary School José Falcão, in Coimbra, integrated in the Masters Degree in the teaching of physical education in primary and secondary teaching, the Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education from the University of Coimbra.The training stage, aims to promote the integration of the trainee in middle school and in the exercise of the teaching activity in a gradual and guided along the year, through the practice of supervised teaching, in which we were accompanied by a Cooperating Teacher of the school and a Professor of the Faculty advisor. Through this document, we intend to portray the lived experience throughout the school year, in which he wanted to portray the knowledge, skills, difficulties and experiences, in planning, in the pedagogical intervention, evaluation and complementary activities to the pedagogical intervention. The report will also with a contextualization of the trainee's initial expectations, as well as the context in which the pedagogical stage has been inserted.In addition to the pedagogical stage, we developed the analysis of a theme issue, he also integrated into the pedagogical intervention, which passes through the analysis of the management of classroom time, the dimensions of education, organization and practice, a didactic unit multimatérias Basketball and volleyball courts, in Didactic Unit of Badminton and gymnastics of soil. We aim, perform the management of classroom time in different dimensions, with the implementation of strategies aimed at maximising the effective practice time and consequently reduce the time of instruction and organization.

During the past few decades, the sport industry has experienced immense pressure to commercialise its operations and conform to traditional business practices (Chadwick 2009:191). With this evolution from a pure leisure activity to a multimillion dollar industry, it has become evident that the unique characteristics and deeply rooted historical culture of sport pose significant challenges for the sport manager during the process of commercialisation and the application of strategic management. The aim of this study was to analyse the current business environment of Cycling South Africa (CyclingSA) in such a way that the factors in the micro-environment, market environment and macro-environment that impact on the organisation‟s strategic decisions could be identified. The results should allow sport organisations to engage more effectively in strategic management by focusing on factors that influence the sport organisation‟s business environment in particular. A survey of CyclingSA members‟ perceptions of the organisation‟s current effectiveness in the business environment revealed a strong focus on financial and marketing elements. The study also found that factors such as loyalty programmes, talent identification and sport science support, safety in the physical environment, antidoping regulations, transformation and black economic empowerment and environmental friendly practices play a key role in CyclingSA‟s business environment. It is evident from the study that sport organisations, with specific reference to CyclingSA, should engage in strategic management by adapting traditional business principles to suit each organisation‟s unique needs.
Business Management
M. Comm.(Business Management)

O presente relatório constitui-se como uma análise reflexiva do processo de formação do Estágio Pedagógico desenvolvido na Escola Secundária com 2º e 3º ciclos Anselmo de Andrade, em Almada, no ano letivo 2013/2014. O estágio em questão integra o 2º ano do Mestrado em Ensino da Educação Física nos Ensinos Básico e Secundário da Faculdade de Motricidade Humana. O relatório teve por base o Guia de Estágio Pedagógico 2013/2014, que define as competências a adquirir em quatro áreas de intervenção: (1) Organização e gestão do ensino e da aprendizagem, (2) Investigação e inovação pedagógica, (3) Participação na escola e (4) Relação com a comunidade. É feita uma contextualização do estágio seguida de uma descrição e reflexão sobre a prática pedagógica de cada área e uma reflexão sobre a contribuição das aprendizagens para o meu futuro profissional, sendo ainda lançadas algumas propostas de atividades que poderiam ter sido desenvolvidas no estágio pedagógico ou no futuro. É também realizada uma reflexão final sobre todo o processo inerente ao estágio, destacando-o como um processo interligado, e, ainda, uma reflexão sobre a importância do Plano Individual de Formação, efetuando um resumo das competências desenvolvidas ao longo do processo de estágio.
This report is a reflective analysis of the formation process of educational teaching training developed at Escola Secundária com 2º e 3º ciclos Anselmo de Andrade, in Almada, in the school year of 2013/2014. This practicum is part of the second year of the Master in Teaching Physical Education in Primary and Secondary Education of University of Human Kinetics. The report was based on Teacher Training Guide 2013/2014, which sets out the skills to be acquired in four areas of intervention: (1) Organization and Management of Teaching and Learning, (2) Innovation and Educational Research, (3) Participation in School and (4) Relationship with the Community. Is made a contextualization of the practicum, followed by a description and reflection on teaching practice in each area and a discussion on the contribution of learning for my future career, being also released some proposed activities that could have been developed in teaching practice or in the future Is also performed a final reflection on the whole process inherent to the practicum, highlighting it as an interconnected process, and also a reflection on the importance of the Individual Training Plan, making a summary of the skills developed during the process.