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Journal articles on the topic 'Physical geography from Guatemala'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Reyes, Justo A., Alejandro Espinosa de los Monteros, and Quiyari J. Santiago-Jiménez. "Phylogeography of Falagonia mexicana Sharp, 1883 (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae)." ZooKeys 1156 (March 29, 2023): 107–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1156.84943.

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Falagonia mexicana is an aleocharine distributed from northern Mexico to Guatemala and El Salvador. It is associated with Atta mexicana ants and lives within their piles of waste or external debris. The phylogeography and historical demography of 18 populations from Mexico, Guatemala, and El Salvador were studied. The data set encompasses a 472 bp fragment of the COI. Results suggest that F. mexicana was originated during Middle Pliocene (ca. 0.5 Mya), starting its diversification at the Upper Pleistocene and Holocene. Populations were recovered forming at least four main lineages, with a sign

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Reyes, Justo A., de los Monteros Alejandro Espinosa, and Quiyari J. Santiago-Jiménez. "Phylogeography of Falagonia mexicana Sharp, 1883 (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae)." ZooKeys 1156 (March 29, 2023): 107–31. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1156.84943.

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Falagonia mexicana is an aleocharine distributed from northern Mexico to Guatemala and El Salvador. It is associated with Atta mexicana ants and lives within their piles of waste or external debris. The phylogeography and historical demography of 18 populations from Mexico, Guatemala, and El Salvador were studied. The data set encompasses a 472 bp fragment of the COI. Results suggest that F. mexicana was originated during Middle Pliocene (ca. 0.5 Mya), starting its diversification at the Upper Pleistocene and Holocene. Populations were recovered forming at least four main lineages, with a sign

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3

Quisumbing, Agnes R., Jere R. Behrman, John A. Maluccio, Alexis Murphy, and Kathryn M. Yount. "Levels, Correlates, and Differences in Human, Physical, and Financial Assets Brought into Marriages by Young Guatemalan Adults." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 26, no. 2_suppl1 (2005): S55—S67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15648265050262s106.

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This article examines marriage patterns among individuals who participated as children in a nutrition supplementation trial in Guatemala and were followed up in 2002–04, at ages 25–42 years. Of all 1,062 known and alive couples, 735, or 69%, responded fully to the marriage assets questionnaire. Focus of the analysis is on the birth cohorts born prior to 1974, a total of 1,058 intervention participants, among whom four-fifths of men (82%) and of women (78%) were married at the time of the 2002–04 survey. Basic patterns are examined in current marital status, age at first marriage and related mi

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4

Stein, Aryeh D., Cria O. Gregory, John Hoddinott, Reynaldo Martorell, Usha Ramakrishnan, and Manuel Ramírez-Zea. "Physical Activity Level, Dietary Habits, and Alcohol and Tobacco Use among Young Guatemalan Adults." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 26, no. 2_suppl1 (2005): S78—S87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15648265050262s108.

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Physical activity, diet, and alcohol and tobacco use are all related to the development of obesity, diabetes, coronary heart disease, osteoporosis, and cancer. We examined the distribution of measures of these behaviors in a cohort of individuals born in four villages in Guatemala between 1962 and 1977 and who were 26–41 years old in 2003. Response rates to the instruments averaged 80% of cohort members known to be living in Guatemala. Physical activity levels were moderate, and were lowest among migrants to Guatemala City. Dietary habits reflect early phases of the nutrition transition, with

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Andrea, Daphne, and Theresa Aurel Tanuwijaya. "Weak State as a Security Threat: Study Case of El Salvador (2014-2019)." Jurnal Sentris 4, no. 1 (2023): 14–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.26593/sentris.v4i1.6545.14-33.

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The World Trade Center Attack or 9/11 tragedy has awakened the international community, particularly the United States (US) to sharpen its foreign policy in facing security threats coming from ‘weak states’. One of the most prominent weak states examples that pose a grave threat to other countries are the Northern Triangle Countries of Central America that referred to Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador. Hence, this paper will discuss the rationale behind US initiatives in dealing with security threats in El Salvador as one of the Northern Triangle Countries. In analyzing the case, the writer

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Gresham, Katie, Larry Nackerud, and Ed Risler. "Intercountry Adoption from Guatemala and the United States." Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Services 1, no. 3-4 (2003): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j191v01n03_01.

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7

Chase-Dunn, Christopher. "Guatemala in the Global System." Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs 42, no. 4 (2000): 109–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/166344.

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This article presents a short summary of the world-systems perspective on globalization as relevant to considering the possibilities and probabilities of Guatemala’s prospects for democracy and development. Guatemala’s structural position in the larger global political economy is examined. The strategy of “globalization from below” as popular movement alliances’ response to neoliberal corporate globalization is considered in the Guatemalan context.

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Ramírez-Zea, Manuel, Paúl Melgar, Rafael Flores, John Hoddinott, Usha Ramakrishnan, and Aryeh D. Stein. "Physical Fitness, Body Composition, Blood Pressure, and Blood Metabolic Profile among Young Guatemalan Adults." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 26, no. 2_suppl1 (2005): S88—S97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15648265050262s109.

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We assessed the distribution of several risk factors related to health: muscular strength (handgrip strength), cardiovascular endurance (step test), flexibility (sit and reach test), anthropometry and body composition, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, lipid profile, and hemoglobin in a cohort of Guatemalan adults who were born in four rural villages between 1962 and 1977. By 2002 approximately 32% had migrated to Guatemala City or elsewhere in the country. Men are more physically fit and leaner than women. Fatness, poor physical fitness, and metabolic syndrome are highly prevalent in wo

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9

Moholy-Nagy, Hattula. "THE HIATUS AT TIKAL, GUATEMALA." Ancient Mesoamerica 14, no. 1 (2003): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536103141065.

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Research on the Lowland Maya Hiatus that focuses solely on the inscriptions on monuments is too limited to provide information about its causes, nature, and consequences. I consider the hiatus at Tikal using additional evidence from architecture, settlement patterns, caches and burials, domestic artifacts, and inscriptions on portable objects. A preliminary conclusion is that Tikal's long hiatus can be regarded as part of a sequence of internal political development rather than due to conquest from outside. The displacement and destruction of inscribed and plain stone monuments was an ongoing

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10

Schweigert, Thomas. "Land Title, Tenure Security, Investment and Farm Output: Evidence from Guatemala." Journal of Developing Areas 40, no. 1 (2006): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jda.2007.0011.

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KIRKPATRICK, MICHAEL D. "Phantoms of modernity: the 1894 anarchist furor in the making of modern Guatemala City." Urban History 44, no. 2 (2016): 231–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926816000523.

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ABSTRACTFollowing a spate of anarchist bombings and assassinations in Europe, the gente decente of Guatemala City began to describe local events using the language of anarchism. The 1894 anarchist furor spoke to two tendencies that had shaped Guatemala City since the 1870s. The first was the cosmopolitan desire of the gente decente. Facilitated by cosmopolitan bridge figures, trends and fashions from Europe and especially Paris shaped the cultural lexicon of Guatemala City's elite. Secondly, the anarchist furor reflected the misgivings of the gente decente toward urban disorder and malcontents

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12

Neff, Hector, Ronald L. Bishop, and Dean E. Arnold. "A Reexamination of the Compositional Affiliations of Formative Period Whiteware from Highland Guatemala." Ancient Mesoamerica 1, no. 2 (1990): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536100000195.

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AbstractAn earlier study (Rice 1977, 1978a) purportedly found compositional similarity between raw materials used by modern potters in the northern Valley of Guatemala and Formative period whiteware ceramics from sites in the valley, particularly the major highland center of Kaminaljuyu. The compositional similarity suggested that Formative whiteware was manufactured in the northern valley, and this inference in turn underpinned a model of the development of ceramic craft specialization. Methodological weaknesses in the earlier study cast some doubt on its conclusions. More recent compositiona

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Forsyth, Donald W. "The Ceramic Sequence at Nakbe, Guatemala." Ancient Mesoamerica 4, no. 1 (1993): 31–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536100000766.

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AbstractThe site of Nakbe, located approximately 13 km southeast of El Mirador in the far northern part of the Peten, has been investigated by the RAINPEG Project, directed by Richard Hansen, for the last four field seasons. The ceramic sequence from Nakbe has provided us with a much broader view of cultural development in the north-central Peten. We have defined a series of preliminary ceramic complexes that span Middle Preclassic through Late Classic times.The earliest complex at Nakbe, called Ox, which belongs to the Mamom horizon, is one of the two best represented at the site, and definit

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Anzueto, Marc-André. "Canadian Human Rights Policy toward Guatemala: The Two Faces of Janus?" Latin American Perspectives 44, no. 5 (2017): 74–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094582x17713746.

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During Guatemala’s 36-year-long civil war (1960–1996), Canada’s role in response to the conflict diverged from the United States’ realpolitik. In contrast to U.S. policy objectives during the cold war, the Canadian distinctiveness in Guatemala was prevalent in the realm of democracy and human rights policy. The Canadian government and civil society condemned human rights violations in Guatemala, supported the various phases of the peace process, and participated in international efforts to strengthen the rule of law. However, since 2003–2004, the Canadian government has promoted mining investm

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Archila Morales, Fredy L., Monika M. Lipińska, Magdalena Dudek, and Dariusz L. Szlachetko. "Schiedeella bajaverapacensis (Orchidaceae, Spiranthinae), a New Orchid Species from Guatemala." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 6 (2023): 5362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065362.

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Guatemala is recognized for its diverse and rich flora and fauna. It is estimated that over 1200 orchid species, classified in 223 genera, are known to occur in this rather small, yet megadiverse country. While studying the diversity of this plant group in the department of Baja Verapaz, we found individuals that clearly belonged to the genus Schiedeella, but whose features did not fit any previously known species. At that time, nine terrestrial taxon representatives were known to occur in Guatemala. We conducted the morphological analysis in accordance with the standard procedures of classica

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Moholy-Nagy, Hattula, and Fred W. Nelson. "New Data on Sources of Obsidian Artifacts from Tikal, Guatemala." Ancient Mesoamerica 1, no. 1 (1990): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536100000080.

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AbstractIn 1984, 29 obsidian artifacts and an unworked nodule from Tikal were attributed to source by visual means and then analyzed by X-ray fluorescence (XRF). We conclude that the considerable within-source optical variability of gray Mesoamerican obsidians makes visual sourcing unreliable at present, although a corpus of descriptions of the optical characteristics of obsidian may eventually provide a way to exclude possible sources. The XRF analysis identified two additional central Mexican sources, bringing to six the number of Mexican obsidian sources represented at Tikal; failed to prov

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17

Hansen, Richard D., Ronald L. Bishop, and Federico Fahsen. "Notes on Maya Codex-Style Ceramics from Nakbe, Peten, Guatemala." Ancient Mesoamerica 2, no. 02 (1991): 225–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536100000547.

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18

Nuñez, Pedro Danilo Ponciano, Iago Portela-Pino, and María José Martínez-Patiño. "Understanding the Characteristics of at-Risk Youths in Guatemala: Evidence from a Sports for Human Development Program." Children 10, no. 1 (2023): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children10010134.

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Guatemala is a multiethnic and multicultural country that has suffered from poverty and violence. Sports can serve as tool to foster development across the country; however, there is limited research on the use of sports as a tool for promoting broader social benefits in Guatemala. The purpose of this study was to compare sports and the health and physiological characteristics of at-risk youths in Guatemala. The research objectives were achieved through a quantitative approach and the participation of 90 youths involved in an educational organization through sports and 91 youths who have not b

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19

de Hatch, Marion Popenoe, Erick Ponciano, Tomás Barrientos Q., Mark Brenner, and Charles Ortloff. "CLIMATE AND TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION AT KAMINALJUYU, GUATEMALA." Ancient Mesoamerica 13, no. 1 (2002): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536102131087.

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During the years 2000 and 2001, a project was carried out to determine the paleoclimate in the Valley of Guatemala. There were two main objectives: (1) to compare and contrast the Highland data with that already obtained from the Maya Lowlands and the Caribbean region; and (2) to understand the relationship between climate and the disappearance of lakes and irrigated agriculture at the archaeological site of Kaminaljuyu in the Valley of Guatemala. Sediment cores have been recovered from Lake Amatitlan and the extinct Lake Miraflores associated with Kaminaljuyu. The samples have been transporte

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Lewis O'Neill, Kevin. "Disenfranchised: Mapping red zones in Guatemala City." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 51, no. 3 (2018): 654–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x18800069.

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International fast food franchises, such as McDonald’s and Domino’s Pizza, have become vital arbiters of security in postwar Guatemala City. They map red zones with a moral authority that even the National Police cannot match. Red zones, or zonas rojas, are neighborhoods in Guatemala City deeply affected by gang- and drug-related violence. While the National Police map these zones by documenting the location of committed crimes, international fast food franchises produce delivery maps that assess the quality of transit through the city. International fast food franchises worry less about the r

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21

Huerta, Sergio. "Health Care in Central America." Aid Via Action 1, no. 1 (2023): 1–5. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7618857.

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Health care in low- to middle-income countries (LMICs) is different from high-income countries (HICs). For instance, the management of acute appendicitis in Northern Guatemala is different from hospitals in the US. Physical exam, spinal anesthesia, and an open appendectomy are common practices at a major referral hospital in El Peten Guatemala.  In the US, computed tomography, general anesthesia, and a laparoscopic appendectomy are more common.  Additionally, an antibiotic-first strategy is not currently accepted in hospitals in Guatemala.  Similarly, the gold-standard operation

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22

Halperin, Christina T., Jose Luis Garrido Lopez, Miriam Salas, and Jean-Baptiste LeMoine. "CONVERGENCE ZONE POLITICS AT THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE OF UCANAL, PETEN, GUATEMALA." Ancient Mesoamerica 31, no. 3 (2020): 476–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536120000085.

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AbstractThe Maya archaeological site of Ucanal is located in Peten, Guatemala, close to the contemporary border with Belize. In pre-Columbian times, the site also sat at the frontiers of some of the largest political centers, Naranjo in Peten, Guatemala, and Caracol, in Belize. Entangled between these dominant centers and with ties to peoples in the Upper Belize Valley, the Petexbatun region in Guatemala, northern Yucatan, and elsewhere, Ucanal was a critical convergence zone of political and cultural interaction. This paper synthesizes archaeological research by the Proyecto Arqueológico Ucan

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23

Luciak, Ilja A. "Gender Equality and Electoral Politics on the Left: A Comparison of El Salvador and Nicaragua." Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs 40, no. 1 (1998): 39–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/166300.

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Cuando una mujer llega a la política cambia la mujer; pero…cuando las mujeres llegan a la política cambia la política.“Poder feminino,” FMLN election pamphletThe long-drawn-out military conflicts in Nicaragua, El Salvador, and Guatemala have finally ended. Following the demobilization of the Nicaraguan resistance in 1990, the Salvadoran and Guatemalan guerrilla forces signed peace accords in 1992 (El Salvador) and 1996 (Guatemala) with their respective governments. In the wake of these agreements, Central America presents a new reality. The focus has shifted from war strategies to the consolid

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BROCKETT, CHARLES D. "US Labour and Management Fight It Out in Post-1954 Guatemala." Journal of Latin American Studies 42, no. 3 (2010): 517–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x10000908.

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AbstractThe differing perspectives and actions of US government, business and labour towards the Guatemalan government and Guatemalan trade unionists themselves in the half-decade or so following the overthrow of the Arbenz administration in 1954 are the focus of this study. Few areas were more important to the US project for Guatemala following the Castillo Armas invasion than helping the Guatemalans to create a ‘free’ and ‘democratic’ labour movement – and few areas would prove more frustrating. Part of the problem was the intransigent stance of Guatemalan elites. An additional challenge was

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Delany-Barmann, Gloria. "From Atitlan to Vancouver: Mayan Voices in New Works on Guatemala." Latin American Research Review 39, no. 3 (2004): 305–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lar.2004.0043.

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Pugh, Timothy W., Evelyn M. Chan Nieto, and Gabriela W. Zygadło. "FACELESS HIERARCHY AT NIXTUN-CH'ICH’, PETEN, GUATEMALA." Ancient Mesoamerica 31, no. 2 (2019): 248–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536119000105.

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AbstractSocieties vary in how they approach the challenges of increased population, inequality, and occupational specialization. The city of Nixtun-Ch'ich’ and its satellite, T'up, in Peten, Guatemala exhibit orthogonal urban grids—a trait absent from all other known Maya cities. Such grids require extensive planning and the ability to mobilize the population. The present data suggests that Nixtun-Ch'ich’ was substantially larger than any of the surrounding settlements and was, therefore, a primate center during the Middle Preclassic period. The extensive urban planning of the site, as well as

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WINTON, AILSA. "Using ?Participatory? Methods with Young People in Contexts of Violence: Reflections from Guatemala." Bulletin of Latin American Research 26, no. 4 (2007): 497–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1470-9856.2007.00238.x.

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28

McIlwaine, Cathy, and Caroline O. N. Moser. "Violence and social capital in urban poor communities: perspectives from Colombia and Guatemala." Journal of International Development 13, no. 7 (2001): 965–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jid.815.

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29

Katz, Elizabeth G. "Gender and trade within the household: Observations from rural guatemala." World Development 23, no. 2 (1995): 327–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-750x(94)00118-i.

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30

Dean, Jake W., Anika M. Rice, and Linda M. Choi. "Small-Scale Food Production in the Pandemic: Perspectives from Mexico and Guatemala." Journal of Latin American Geography 22, no. 2 (2023): 215–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lag.2023.a909090.

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Vásquez, William F., and Anna-Maria Aksan. "Water, sanitation, and diarrhea incidence among children: evidence from Guatemala." Water Policy 17, no. 5 (2015): 932–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2015.211.

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Using household survey data for Guatemala, this paper investigates the role of water and sanitation infrastructure on diarrhea incidence in children. Hierarchical logit models of diarrhea incidence are estimated to account for potential regional heterogeneity of water and sanitation effects. Results indicate that the incidence probability of diarrhea is on average 20% lower in homes connected to a sewerage system. The effect of in-home access to tap water is weaker at 11% and subject to regional heterogeneity. Findings also indicate that consumption of bottled water reduces the incidence proba

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Columna, Luis, Margarita Fernández-Vivó, Lauren Lieberman, and Katrina Arndt. "Recreational Physical Activity Experiences Among Guatemalan Families With Children With Visual Impairments." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 12, no. 8 (2015): 1119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2014-0257.

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Background:Nationwide research indicates that children with visual impairment have limited participation in recreational and sport activities than their peers. This is due in part to the lack of recreational opportunities and facilities, as well as a lack of awareness by parents of how and where their children can participate. The purpose of the current study was to explore the experiences of Latino families of children with visual impairments living in Guatemala regarding physical recreation. Participants were Latino parents (N = 13) who have children with visual impairments recruited from a

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Mustoe, George E., and Markus Eberl. "New Discovery of Neogene Fossil Forests in Guatemala." Geosciences 10, no. 2 (2020): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10020049.

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Petrified wood specimens found at Maya archaeological sites are presumed to have been used during ceremonial fire-drilling. The source of this fossil wood has been an enigma, because in modern times no fossil wood localities were known to occur in Guatemala. In 2019, field work led to the discovery of two locations where silicified wood is abundant. Physical properties and microscopic characteristics of the fossil wood from the two sites have distinctive differences, suggesting that the geologic source of material used by the Classic Maya for cultural purposes can be recognized.

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Halperin, Christina T. "CLASSIC MAYA TEXTILE PRODUCTION: INSIGHTS FROM MOTUL DE SAN JOSÉ, PETEN, GUATEMALA." Ancient Mesoamerica 19, no. 1 (2008): 111–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536108000230.

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AbstractTextiles in ancient Mesoamerica served as a critical economic resource and symbolic display of status, wealth, and social affiliation. The economic significance of textiles can be explored, in part, by the archaeological identification and distribution of production tools: spinning and weaving implements. In the Maya area, however, few studies have examined the organization of textile production, and systematic documentation of tool distributions is lacking. This paper reviews previous archaeological research on Maya textile production and introduces new data from the Classic-period si

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Fontes, Anthony W., and Kevin L. O'Neill. "La Visita: Prisons and Survival in Guatemala." Journal of Latin American Studies 51, no. 1 (2018): 85–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x18000731.

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AbstractBased largely on research completed in the North American context, scholars of prisons detail the multiple ways in which carceral practices extend beyond prison walls to transform a wide variety of spaces, ultimately assessing how carceral imaginaries inhabit the most intimate aspects of everyday life. In Latin America, this division between the inside and the outside of prison breaks down even further when read from the perspective of survival. Drawing on ethnographic research across Guatemala's penitentiary system, this article explores how the deep interdependencies that develop bet

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Carter, Nicholas P. "THESE ARE OUR MOUNTAINS NOW: STATECRAFT AND THE FOUNDATION OF A LATE CLASSIC MAYA ROYAL COURT." Ancient Mesoamerica 27, no. 2 (2016): 233–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536116000316.

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AbstractThis article presents a synthesis of new epigraphic readings of hieroglyphic texts from the sites of Sacul and Ixkun, in the northwestern Maya Mountains of Guatemala, with archaeological data previously published by the Atlas Arqueológico de Guatemala. It proposes that a late eighth century king of Sacul broke with his former allies at Ucanal to establish himself as a local suzerain, sponsoring a new vassal kingdom at Ixkun in the process. Visible in both the hieroglyphic and stratigraphic records, these events recapitulated on a smaller scale the geopolitical practices of hegemonic Ma

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Pugh, Timothy W., Katherine Miller Wolf, Carolyn Freiwald, and Prudence M. Rice. "TECHNOLOGIES OF DOMINATION AT MISSION SAN BERNABÉ, PETÉN, GUATEMALA." Ancient Mesoamerica 27, no. 1 (2016): 49–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536116000067.

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AbstractThe Spaniards established severalcongregacionesor missions in central Petén, Guatemala, shortly after the 1697 conquest of the region to help control local indigenous populations. Recent investigations at the church and community of Mission San Bernabé revealed details about the entangled relations of Mayas and Spaniards. Foucault's four technologies of domination help explicate these power relations as they were played out in the small settlement and the church at its center. Material culture differed in many ways from that of the pre-conquest Itzas, but was clearly predominantly “May

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Pugh, Timothy W., Prudence M. Rice, Evelyn M. Chan Nieto, Marie L. Meranda, and David S. Milley. "MIDDLE PRECLASSIC HYDRAULIC PLANNING AT NIXTUN-CH'ICH', PETEN, GUATEMALA." Ancient Mesoamerica 33, no. 3 (2022): 589–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536121000274.

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AbstractNixtun-Ch'ich', on the western edge of Lake Peten Itza in Peten, northern Guatemala, features an axis urbis and an urban grid dating to the Middle Preclassic period (800–500 b.c.). New research reveals that Middle Preclassic constructions—five circular or oval artificial pools and planned surface drainage—facilitated or impeded the movement of water. Large limestone rubble lines at least two of the pools (aguadas) in the city's core; two pools lie on the axis urbis, demonstrating that they were central ceremonial constructions. The gridded streets facilitated drainage: they consistentl

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Ramakrishnan, Usha, Kathryn M. Yount, Jere R. Behrman, Mariaelisa Graff, Rubén Grajeda, and Aryeh D. Stein. "Fertility Behavior and Reproductive Outcomes among Young Guatemalan Adults." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 26, no. 2_suppl1 (2005): S68—S77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15648265050262s107.

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Fertility rates have declined in many developing countries and this has implications for health and development of subsequent generations. Guatemala has the highest fertility rates in Central America. Reproductive histories were obtained by interview in 2002–04, in a cohort of 779 women and 647 men who had participated as young children in a nutrition supplementation trial in Guatemala conducted between 1969 and 1977. Most women (77%) and men (79%) are currently married. Among the 700 women and 524 men reporting at least one birth, mean age at first birth was 20.7 ± 3.8 years and 23.1 ± 3.9 ye

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Knowlton, Autumn. "Q’eqchi’ Mayas and the Myth of “Postconflict” Guatemala." Latin American Perspectives 44, no. 4 (2016): 139–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094582x16650179.

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While Guatemala has commonly been referred to as a “postconflict” setting since the end of the armed conflict of 1960–1996, Guatemalans today experience a new violence that has been described as a symptom of the changes brought about by neoliberal reforms. Q’eqchi’ Mayas’ reports of violent evictions, murders, rapes, and threats of violence point to fissures in the government’s “postconflict” discourse. The state’s counterinsurgency violence has been transformed into a kind of state-supported violence in which government institutions act at the behest of agribusinesses and mining companies to

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Sampeck, Kathryn E. "From Ancient Altepetl to Modern Municipios: Surveying as Power in Colonial Guatemala." International Journal of Historical Archaeology 18, no. 1 (2013): 175–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10761-013-0251-0.

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Sharpe, Ashley E. "THE ANCIENT SHELL COLLECTORS: TWO MILLENNIA OF MARINE SHELL EXCHANGE AT CEIBAL, GUATEMALA." Ancient Mesoamerica 30, no. 3 (2019): 493–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536118000366.

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AbstractThis study examines 2,000 years of marine trade to the ancient Maya site of Ceibal, Guatemala. Located almost 150 kilometers from the nearest coast in Belize, Ceibal was a large community spanning the Middle Preclassic through early Postclassic periods (1000b.c.–a.d.1200). It therefore provides an excellent opportunity to assess the marine resources imported through the southern Maya lowlands over many centuries, offering insight into trade networks, uses of shell ornaments, religious beliefs and rituals, and other activities involving marine species. The study compares marine inverteb

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Watts, Glenn. "Applied physical geography." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 39, no. 1 (2015): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309133314561541.

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In the papers collected in Man's Impact on the Hydrological Cycle in the United Kingdom Hollis gives us a fascinating view of the concerns and approaches of practising hydrologists in the late 1970s. Hollis, a physical geographer from University College London, spent most of his research career considering the way that humans acted to change their surroundings, looking first at the impact of urbanisation on flooding and later at the management of wetlands. The papers in this book cover a wide range of subjects, from the impact of forestry to the effects of house building on channel morphology

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Seiler-Martinez, Alene, Theresa Pesl Murphrey, Gary Wingenbach, and Leonardo Lombardini. "Barrier Analysis as a Tool to Inform Extension Activity Planning: Insights from Guatemala." Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education 25, no. 2 (2018): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5191/jiaee.2018.25201.

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Over the past decade, renewed emphasis has been placed on extension services in developing countries to reduce rural poverty and improve food security. Despite this emphasis, complex physical, political, and socioeconomic environments in developing countries pose significant difficulties to extension agents’ success rates of adoption of new practices and/or behavior change among rural populations. In addition, agents have meager resources at their disposal. Development programs in the health sector have had success with employing behavior change theories for program design, driven by the Barri

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ROBERTS, BRYAN R. "Moving On and Moving Back: Rethinking Inequality and Migration in the Latin American City." Journal of Latin American Studies 42, no. 3 (2010): 587–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x10000921.

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AbstractThis paper focuses on the similarities and differences between contemporary urban organisation and that of the 1960s in Guatemala City and other Latin American cities, mainly using data taken from a re-study of low-income neighbourhoods in Guatemala City. It looks at the impact of sharper patterns of residential segregation, changes in migration patterns, rising levels of crime and violence, and the increase in the relationships of the urban poor with external actors, such as governments and NGOs. Severe inequality persists, but is mediated by an improvement in living standards, by the

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Gleijeses, Piero. "The Death of Francisco Arana: A Turning Point in the Guatemalan Revolution." Journal of Latin American Studies 22, no. 3 (1990): 527–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x00020940.

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In the late morning of 18 July 1949, several armed men sped from Guatemala City in two cars. Near a small bridge, the Puente de la Gloria, they waited for Francisco Arana, Chief of the Armed Forces of Guatemala. They did not have to wait for long. As Arana and his three companions approached the Puente de la Gloria, ‘there was, on the other side, a grey Dodge, because of which, seeing that it was impossible to cross the bridge, Col. Arana stopped the car’.1A brief shoot-out ensued. Arana lay dead. There was no investigation of his murder. His assassins were never apprehended.

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Kumble, Peter A. "Reflections on Service Learning for a Circular Economy Project in a Guatemalan Neighborhood, Central America." Sustainability 11, no. 17 (2019): 4776. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11174776.

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The research presented in this paper explored multiple objectives. First, what are the requirements for establishing a new composting business that embraces the principles of circular economy? Second, how can employment opportunities for at-risk youths from the most impoverished neighborhood in Guatemala City be created, while adhering to the tenets of social sustainability, of which human rights is the corner stone? Third, what were the requirements involved in making compost in the challenging climatic conditions of Guatemala City? And finally, from an educational perspective, how can this b

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Stewart, Christopher, Noel Solomons, Ivan Mendoza, Sandy May, and Glen Maberly. "Salt Iodine Variation within an Extended Guatemalan Community: The Failure of Intuitive Assumptions." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 17, no. 3 (1996): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482659601700308.

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Guatemalan law mandates an iodine concentration from 30 to 700 parts per million (ppm) in all table salt offered in local commerce. Forty-four specimens of salt were collected in urban and rural sectors of a county on the outskirts of the capital of Guatemala and analysed for their iodine content by an iodate titration method. The concentrations ranged from 1 to 117 ppm, (mean ± SD 26.6 ± 21.7 ppm, median 24 ppm). Salt samples with iodine in both the adequate and the inadequate ranges were found in each of five subjurisdictions (township and four hamlets), and the median concentration was equi

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Scarborough, Vernon L., Robert P. Connolly, and Steven P. Ross. "The Pre-Hispanic Maya Reservoir System at Kinal, Peten, Guatemala." Ancient Mesoamerica 5, no. 1 (1994): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536100001061.

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AbstractThe southern Lowland Maya hilltop center of Kinal is shown to be a human-modified watershed. The broad paved surfaces of the elevated central precinct acted as runoff-catchment areas directing precipitation into gravity-fed channels and reservoirs. In a geographical zone affected by an extended dry season and away from permanent water sources, Kinal demonstrates the components of a rainfall-dependent water-management system characteristic of other large sites in the region.

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Taylor, Matthew J. "Electrifying Rural Guatemala: Central Policy and Rural Reality." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 23, no. 2 (2005): 173–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c14r.

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Towards the end of the 20th century Guatemala embarked on an ambitious rural electrification plan: central planners in the Ministry of Energy and Mines hope to connect 90% of homes to the national electricity grid by 2004. Energy for the increased demand comes from floating power plants anchored in Guatemala's Pacific port, a new coal-fired power plant, and numerous small-scale hydroelectric plants. So far, rural electrification, in terms of connected households, has proceeded to plan. However, the success of the rural electrification program belies energy realities and the development needs o

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