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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Physical oceanography'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Buffett, Grant George. "Seismic Oceanography: A New Tool to Characterize Physical Oceanographic Structures and Processes." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/1939.

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Large scale global oceanic circulation redistributes heat and freshwater and therefore affects global climate. One of its main forcing mechanisms is, in addition to surface heat and freshwater fluxes, the diapycnal (across lines of equal density) mixing in the ocean interior. The energy needed to drive the mixing processes is mainly provided by tides and wind [Wunsch, 2002]. It is transformed into internal wave energy, cascading through a range of smaller scales leading finally into turbulence and molecular dissipation. Water masses in the ocean are stratified and often separated by relatively

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2

Veilleux, Lorraine. "Physical oceanography of northern estuaries." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59830.

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Within the context of oceanographic research on northern estuaries in James Bay and Hudson Bay, and in relation with hydroelectric developments and their impact on the physical environment, two studies were undertaken. Both concern the importance of bottom topography, tidal motion and fresh water input on the estuarine processes in these areas.<br>The first one, in Rupert Bay (south-eastern corner of James Bay), describes tidal and local wind effects on circulation and mixing patterns for summer conditions. An estimate of terms in the lateral momentum equation shows that the centrifugal accele

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3

Mondello, Nicholas. "Physical oceanography off the South Coast of Western Australia." Thesis, Mondello, Nicholas (2017) Physical oceanography off the South Coast of Western Australia. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2017. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/40163/.

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Compared to neighbouring regions of ocean, the south coast of Western Australia (WA) has received relatively little scientific attention despite a range of Australian Commonwealth marine protected areas having been established in the region as of 2012. The ocean off the south coast of WA is characterised by a canyon-dense continental shelf edge including the Bremer Canyon, a shelf edge canyon of approximately 8 km width. There are also two main currents in the region, the eastward flowing Leeuwin Current (LC) situated above the continental shelf edge, and the westward flowing Flinders Current

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4

Jarvis, Marley. "Physical Oceanography, Larval Dispersal, and Settlement Across Nearshore Fronts." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/18711.

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The larvae of coastal species interact with nearshore currents that are complex and can alter dispersal. I investigated two sites in southern Oregon with different nearshore hydrodynamics: the first site, Sunset Bay, is a small cove with a topographic front that extends across the mouth during upwelling-favorable winds. Using holey sock drogues at 1.5 m and 5.5 m depths and surface drifters at 10 cm depth, I found that, when the front was present, water at 1.5 m was retained within the bay whereas water was exchanged across the front at a depth of 5.5 m. Surface drifters indicated a surface co

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5

Bâcle, Julie. "The physical oceanography of waters under the North Water Polynya /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ64314.pdf.

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6

Le, Quéré Corinne. "Physical oceanography of the Baie des Chaleurs, Gulf of St. Lawrence." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56761.

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Time series of temperature and salinity from current meters moored in 1988 and 1990 along the north shore of Baie des Chaleurs were analyzed to characterize the frequency of upwelling events. Upwelling was found to propagate cyclonically with speeds of 40 to 85 km per day. Moderate correlations between $ sigma sb{ rm t}$ and zonal wind stress were found. The interaction of buoyancy, topography, and oscillating wind stress simulated the upwelling in a reduced gravity model. The dominant frequencies of the upwelling events were approximately 4.5 to 10 days.<br>Three water masses, one between the

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7

Bain, Cairns Alexander Robertson. "Empirical dynamics of a small scale coastal upwelling region." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/21855.

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The study investigates the dynamics of a small space scale (less than 10 km) coastal upwelling region at the temporal scales spanning hours to years. Three to four year time series data sets of, sea temperatures at different depths (2m, 5 m and 8,5 m) one kilometer offshore, of wind and of waves, obtained from Eskom for the Koeberg nuclear power station site study near Melkbosstrand (33° 41'S, 18° 26'E) were digitized on an hourly basis. An emphasis is placed on the study of the wind and sea temperature data, the latter being an unique data set in the South African context. The data were filte

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8

Addison, Victor G. "The physical oceanography of the northern Baffin Bay-Nares Strait region." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/22417.

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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited<br>A dense network of conductivity-temperature-depth measurements was conducted from Baffin Bay northward to 82 deg 09 min N at the entrance to the Lincoln Sea, in the most comprehensive physical oceanographic survey ever performed in the northern Baffin Bay-Nares Strait region. These data indicate Nares Strait Atlantic Intermediate Water and Arctic Basin Polar Water to be derived from Arctic Basin waters via the Canadian Archipelago, whereas the West Greenland Current (WGC) is the source of the comparatively dilute West Greenland Current

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9

Collins, Charine. "The dynamics and physical processes of the Comoros Basin." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6467.

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Includes abstract.<br>Includes bibliographical references.<br>The main objective of this thesis was to investigate the circulation in the ComorosBasin using observed and model datasets. These data were used to establish whether or not a Comoros Gyre exists and to investigate the nature of the eddy variability in the basin.The water masses in the Comoros Basin emulate those found further south in the Mozambique Channel. The presence of AAIW north of Madagascar confirmed that this water mass enters the Comoros Basin from the east while the presence of North Atlantic Deep Water showed that this w

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10

Barnes, Brian Burnel. "The Combined Effects of Light and Temperature on Coral Bleaching| A Case Study of the Florida Reef Tract Using Satellite Data." Thesis, University of South Florida, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3604824.

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<p> Coral reefs are greatly impacted by the physical characteristics of the water surrounding them. Incidence and severity of mass coral bleaching and mortality events are increasing worldwide due primarily to increased water temperature, but also in response to other stressors. This decline in reef health demands clearer understanding of the compounding effects of multiple stressors, as well as widespread assessment of coral reef health in near-real time.</p><p> Satellites offer a means by which some of the physical stressors on coral reefs can be measured. The synoptic spatial coverage and

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11

Bardin, Ann Marie. "Novel Analysis Tools for Ocean Biogeochemical Models." Thesis, University of California, Irvine, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3646712.

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<p> Ocean general circulation models of the IPCC class have biases even when simulating present-day conditions, which may bring into question their predictions of future conditions. This dissertation is about tools for, and results from assessing biases in the Community Earth System Model (CESM) ocean component, by itself and when combined with the Biological Ecosystem Cycling (BEC) model. Newly developed tools and their applications are listed. 1. An offline matrix tracer transport model for the ocean component of CESM. 2. A fast Newton-Krylov implicit tracer equilibrium solver for both the a

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12

Kumar, Vijay. "Modelling the physico-biological processes of eastern Arabian sea." Thesis, IIT Delhi, 2016. http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/12345678/7093.

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13

Vianello, Patrick Angus. "A qualitative and physical analysis of processes around the Mascarene plateau." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16940.

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Includes bibliographical references<br>The Mascarene Plateau is a submerged volcanic plateau to the east of Madagascar which extends over 2200 km between the Seychelles and Mauritius. It is a complex feature, which is composed of 4 banks separated by 3 channels - namely the Seychelles, Saya de Malha, Nazareth and Cargados-Carajos Banks. The main objective of this thesis is to analyze cruise data obtained during the October/November 2008 ASCLME (Agulhas Somali Current Large Marine Ecosystem) cruise on board the Dr Fridtjof Nansen which surveyed the region around the Mascarene Plateau. Due to th

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14

Navarro-Perez, Eleuteria. "Physical oceanography of the Canary current : short term, seasonal and interannual variability." Thesis, Bangor University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318561.

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15

Murton, Gary John. "Wave overtopping : a comparison of physical and numerical studies." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2361.

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The overtopping of low-crested breakwater is investigated by means of hydraulic and mathematical models. A conventional laboratory wavemaker with a wedge-type paddle is converted into an absorbing wavemaker so that it can be used to investigate accurately wave overtopping of reflective coastal structures. The absorption system is achieved by use of a feedback loop added to the control circuit. The design criteria and implementation of the circuit are presented in detail. Enhanced control software is used to generate different 'random' sea states with the same statistical properties. The absorp

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16

Qin, Qubin. "Impacts of Physical Transport on Estuarine Phytoplankton Dynamics and Harmful Algal Blooms." W&M ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1550153910.

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The spatial and temporal variability of phytoplankton biomass in estuaries is determined by both local processes and transport processes. Local processes include biological processes (e.g., photosynthesis, respiration/excretion, and grazing) and settling, whereas transport processes include advective and diffusive transports. Transport processes have been demonstrated to regulate phytoplankton dynamics significantly by distributing both phytoplankton and other dissolved and particulate substances (e.g., nutrients, salts, sediments, and chromophoric dissolved organic matter). Yet, these transpo

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17

Arfeuille, Gilles. "Modelling the interannual variability of the Arctic sea ice cover." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21505.

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A thermodynamic-dynamic sea ice model based on the granular material rheology of Tremblay and Mysak is used to study the interannual variability of the Arctic sea ice cover during the 41-year period 1958--1998. The sea ice model is coupled to both a mixed layer ocean model and a one-layer thermodynamic atmospheric model. The model is first run with monthly climatology for most of the thermodynamic and dynamic forcing components to obtain a stable periodic seasonal cycle. For the 41-year run, the monthly wind stress forcing is derived from analyzed sea level pressures from the National Centers

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18

Yi, Dingrong 1969. "Singular value decomposition of Arctic Sea ice cover and overlying atmospheric circulation fluctuations." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20610.

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The relationship between the Arctic and sub-Arctic sea-ice concentration (SIC) anomalies, particularly those associated with the Greenland and Labrador Seas' "Ice and Salinity Anomalies (ISAs)" occurring during the 1960s/1970s, 1970s/1980s, and 1980s/1990s, and the overlying atmospheric circulation (SLP) fluctuations is investigated using the Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) analysis methods. The data used are monthly SIC and SLP anomalies, which cover the Northern Hemisphere north of 450 and extend over the 38-year period 1954--1991.<br>One goal of th

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19

Tamsitt, Veronica. "Aspects of the Three-Dimensionality of the Southern Ocean Overturning Circulation." Thesis, University of California, San Diego, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10748784.

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<p> The circulation of the Southern Ocean is unique due to the lack of meridional boundaries at the latitudes of Drake Passage. Westerly winds drive the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC), linking the major ocean basins and facilitating inter-basin exchange of properties. Additionally, the steeply tilted isopycnals in the Southern Ocean allow interaction between the deep ocean and the atmosphere, and as a result the Southern Ocean has an outsized contribution to the global uptake and redistribution of heat, carbon and nutrients. Complex topography and eddies make this circulation fundamentall

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20

Le, Roux Daniel Y. "A semi-Lagrangian finite element barotropic ocean model." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ44492.pdf.

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21

McCardell, Grant. "Physical Supplies of Oxygen to the Bottom Waters of Western Long Island Sound." Thesis, University of Connecticut, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3569983.

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<p>Western Long Island Sound (WLIS) bottom waters experience low dissolved oxygen (DO) levels in the summertime. The seasonal hypoxia in the WLIS motivated the development of a coupled biogeochemistry/hydrodynamic model named the System Wide Eutrophication Model (SWEM). A critical assessment of the SWEM model, however, reveals that vertical transport rates are grossly underestimated, indicating a need for data-based estimates of these rates. </p><p> I present a novel approach to estimate vertical mixing coefficients from time-series of measurements made at two or more depths by measuring the

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22

Holland, David M. "Numerical simulation of the Arctic Sea ice and ocean circulation." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41114.

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A numerical model study of the seasonal cycle of sea-ice cover and ocean circulation in the Arctic Ocean is presented. The investigation is carried out in four parts using the coupled sea ice-ocean model of Oberhuber (1993a). The Oberhuber model is the first global ocean general circulation model to use Lagrangian isopycnal coordinates. First, a sensitivity study is given of the sea-ice model, which is both dynamic and thermodynamic. The robustness of the sea-ice component in an uncoupled mode is demonstrated. Secondly, the addition of a snow model to the coupled sea ice-ocean model of Oberhub

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23

Reynaud, Thierry. "Propagation d'ondes côtières piégees sous la couverture de glace dans la Baie d'Hudson." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59288.

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Since the beginning of the sixties, coastal trapped waves have been one of the most popular subjects in physical oceanography. Initially, we discuss their characteristics in the Southeast Hudson Bay, using the Brink and Chapman model. Then we compare the normal modes obtained with the observations made in Kuujjuarapik (Hudson Bay) in 1986 using the technique of Freeland et al (1986). This area is difficult to model because of rapid changes of stratification in the water column during the ice break-up period. The best fit was found for two topographic waves both having a period of three days wi

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24

Gan, Jianping 1962. "Internal hydraulics, solutions and associated mixing in a stratified sound." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60021.

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Observations of tidally forced flow in a constricted region of a highly stratified sound are examined as a problem of two-layer hydraulic exchange. It is shown that the narrowest section and the region downstream of the narrowest section were subject to internal hydraulic control. Bores moved upstream and evolved into packets of internal solitary waves with 3-6 minute period when the tide turned to ebb. Using results from different models of the solitary wave based on the KdV equation, it is shown that the second-order nonlinear term must be included in the two-layer model. The results from a

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25

Dupont, Frederic. "Comparison of numerical methods for modelling ocean circulation in basins with irregular coasts." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37886.

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Comprehension of global oceanic currents and, ultimately, of climate variability requires the use of computer modelling. Although much effort has been spent on the accuracy of traditional finite difference (FD) models used in ocean modelling, there are still concerns, especially since these models have a crude representation of the geometry of oceanic basins. Such a crude representation may influence the accuracy of modelling boundary currents, or unrealisticly represent the impinging of eddies or the propagation of Kelvin waves along the coastline. This motivated the use of alternative modell

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Gertz, Aaron Blake Rollinson. "2D-3D interactions in a thin rotating fluid : implications for the energetics of ocean circulation." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99181.

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The general circulation of the ocean acts as an energy reservoir. This means that the external forcing (primarily by the wind field) is balanced by dissipation. However, the dissipation is not well understood because energy does not easily cascade forward to small scales where dissipation is active. Approximate geostrophic balance holds over much of the ocean because the advective timescale is typically long compared to the Coriolis timescale. The resulting geostrophic turbulence behaves similarly to 2D turbulence in the sense that energy is not cascaded forward to small scales. In fact, there

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Reynaud, Thierry H. "Dynamics of the Northwestern Atlantic Ocean : a diagnostic study." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28521.

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New high resolution density fields for the northwestern Atlantic Ocean are calculated from objectively analyzed temperature and salinity fields obtained from archived data. The original data set is the Marine Environment Data Service (MEDS) archived data and is supplemented by a subset of the National Oceanographic Data Centre (NODC) data from J. Reid and by the 1980s additional data of Fukumori and Wunsch (1991). The objective analysis scheme is a modification of that used by Levitus (1982) and uses 37 vertical levels. The scheme is used to calculate the climatological mean (1910-1989) temper

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Li, Yongxiang 1962. "Intraseasonal and interannual variability of sea ice in the Gulf of St.Lawrence." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36640.

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Intraseasonal and interannual variability of sea-ice cover (SIC) in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, including the time of first ice presence (TFIP), time of last ice presence (TLIP), and sea-ice duration (SID), were investigated, using weekly sea ice observations from 1963--1996. For the intraseasonal variations of sea ice, it was found that SIC in different sub-regions displays contrasting features. The largest intraseasonal variations of SIC occur in the Strait of Belle Isle region and in the southwestem Gulf, where the mean SIC is largest and SID is longest. For the interannual variability of sea

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Scott, Robert Bruce 1965. "Geostrophic energetics and the small viscosity behaviour of an idealized ocean circulation model." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35669.

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The role of the mechanical energy budget is analyzed in relation to the small viscosity behaviour of an idealized model of the wind-driven circulation. This is addressed theoretically and numerically in part one. In part two the connection to the real ocean is made through an analysis of the energy source with real data.<br>The theoretical arguments based on the QG energy equation show that, with the assumption that the maximum velocities occur at inertial length scales or smaller, a Sverdrup interior is consistent with the small Rossby number assumption only when the frictional parameters exc

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Bourgault, Daniel. "Circulation and mixing in the St. Lawrence estuary." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37871.

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Circulation and mixing processes in the St. Lawrence Estuary are examined using both newly acquired and historical observations, as well as numerical modeling. In the Summer of 1997 a field experiment was undertaken to verify the prediction of a three-dimensional numerical model on the occurrences of shear instabilities within the upper estuary. The instabilities were found as predicted and documented from acoustic imaging, current profiler and density measurements. The instabilities, as in the case of Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities, first develop in the form of wavelike disturbances before th

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31

Robitaille, Daniel Y. "A box model study of the Greenland Sea, Norwegian Sea, and Arctic Ocean /." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69689.

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A simple box model of a a high-latitude two-layer ocean, first developed by Martinson et al., 1981, is applied to four Arctic regions connected together: the Greenland Sea, the Norwegian Sea, the Arctic Ocean, and the Greenland Gyre. The latter, in fact, is a small convective region embedded in the northwest corner of the Norwegian Sea region. The model for each region consists of a thermodynamic ice layer that covers two layers of salty water which can, under specific conditions, become statically unstable and hence create a state of active overturning. The system is forced by monthly mean at

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Smith, Gregory C. "The Gulf of St. Lawrence in winter : tides, mixing and watermass transformation." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=86051.

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The winter watermass properties and circulation of the Gulf of St. Lawrence and St. Lawrence Estuary are examined using a combination of new wintertime observations and numerical modelling. Ten moorings were deployed over the winter 2002/3, providing the first continuous observations of the upper 200m of the water column in winter. A harmonic analysis of current data in the estuary confirms the existence of a semi-diurnal internal Poincare wave. The analysis also provides strong evidence of a neap-tide intensification of the estuarine circulation. The cold intermediate layer (CIL) in th

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Crevier, Louis-Philippe. "Dependence of the transport in channel models of the ACC on the Rossby radius of deformation." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21532.

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It has been suggested that the transport of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current is set, essentially, by the southward Sverdrup flux at latitudes just north of Drake Passage. Although this idea is consistent with observations, it has been critized in that Sverdrup dynamics fail at Drake Passage latitudes. Here, we think of the total transport as being comprised of two components: one associated with the basin-like dynamics to the north of Drake Passage and the other associated with the dynamics of the Drake Passage latitude band itself. The Drake Passage latitudes are often simulated using channe

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Laval, Bernard E. "Tidal flow modification by a small bay in the lower St. Lawrence estuary." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23281.

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The tidal flow characteristics around L'Anse du Petit Mitis were described using velocity data from six moored current metres. L'Anse du Petit Mitis is a shallow bay in the lee of the downstream slanting Pointe Mitis. The predominantly M$ sb2$ current showed the following signs of tide induced transient recirculation within the bay: the M$ sb2$ phase within the bay is 65$ sp circ$ ahead of that outside of the bay; the amplitude of the M$ sb4$ and Eulerian mean constituents are relatively large within the bay; and the M$ sb2$ tidal ellipse and the Eulerian mean are oriented towards the tip of P

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Doyon, Patrick. "Seasonal structure of the Gulf of St. Lawrence upper-layer thermohaline fields during the ice-free months." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23998.

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The interactions between the atmosphere and the oceans play a critical role in determining our climate. These generally consist of various exchanges of heat, mass and momentum between the two media through the air-sea interface. Therefore, the physical state of the upper few meters of the oceans influences the rate at which these exchanges take place. Furthermore, these surface waters are of importance in affecting the primary biological production of the seas. In this context, knowledge of the upper-layer monthly averaged thermohaline state, i.e. temperature (T) and salinity (S) as a function

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Wang, Jia 1957. "Interannual variability of sea-ice cover in Hudson Bay, Baffin Bay and the Labrador Sea, and numerical simulation of ocean circulation and sea-ice cover in Hudson Bay." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39802.

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In part 1, the spatial and temporal relationships between subarctic Canadian sea-ice cover and atmospheric forcing are investigated by analyzing sea-ice concentration, sea-level pressure, and surface air temperature, as well as ice thickness, runoff, and sea surface temperature, from 1953-1988. The sea-ice anomalies in Hudson Bay, Baffin Bay and the Labrador Sea are found to be related to the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the Southern Oscillation (SO). From the application of a spatial Student's t-test and a Monte Carlo simulation, we found that sea ice responds significantly to the SO

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Myers, Paul Glen. "Seasonal forcing and low-frequency variability of the thermohaline circulation." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60722.

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A series of numerical experiments are conducted using the Bryan-Cox Ocean General Circulation Model to investigate the potential existence of low-frequency variability of the thermohaline circulation under seasonal forcing. Experiments are performed with different combinations of a seasonal cycle being present or not on the restoring temperature, the surface freshwater flux fields (mixed boundary conditions) and the surface wind forcing.<br>Despite the presence of the forcing on the dominant seasonal timescale, it is found that the system may oscillate at the decadal period or longer. The deca

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Zhang, Sheng 1956. "The formulation of a thermocline model and application[s] to ocean-climate studies." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41214.

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In this thesis, we formulate a new 3-dimensional planetary geostrophic (PG) ocean general circulation model in spherical coordinates for use in ocean-climate studies. The model equations consist of full prognostic temperature and salinity equations and diagnostic momentum equations. The model is verified by comparison with results obtained by the well known Bryan-Cox model at coarse resolution. Extensive process studies are carried out to determine the roles played by various processes in determining the thermocline structure and the thermohaline circulation, especially the role of convective

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Hughes, Tertia M. C. "Uniqueness and variability of the ocean's thermohaline circulation." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28780.

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A numerical modelling approach is chosen to study equilibrium and time-dependent aspects of the ocean's thermohaline circulation. In the first part, the roles of basin geometry and surface buoyancy forcing in determining the asymmetry of the present-day thermohaline circulation are considered. An idealized flat-bottomed two-basin model of the Atlantic and Pacific is found to favour equilibria with sinking in the southern hemisphere only (Southern Sinking) or also in the North Atlantic (Conveyor), even under a freshwater flux forcing field with more precipitation over the North Atlantic than ov

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Wang, Zhaomin 1963. "A simple coupled atmosphere-ocean-sea ice-land surface-ice sheet model for climate and paleoclimate studies /." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36068.

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We develop a new coupled atmosphere-ocean-sea ice-land surface-ice sheet model for long-term climate change studies. This five-component model incorporates the seasonal cycle, and the three major ocean basins, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current region and the major continents are resolved. The model variables are sectorially averaged across the different ocean basins and continents.<br>The above coupled model (less the ice sheet component) is first used to simulate the major features of the present day climate. In a global warming (cooling) experiment, the thermohaline circulation (THC) in the

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DeTracey, Brendan. "Modelling interannual sea ice variability in the Gulf of St. Lawrence." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=68167.

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An uncoupled, modified Hibler ice model has been applied to the Gulf of St. Lawrence for three different winters of varying severity, in order to examine interannual sea ice variability. The simulation was initialized with observed November sea surface temperatures, and forced by weekly geostrophic winds, monthly averaged meteorological data and model geostrophic surface currents.<br>Results showed a general correlation with observations, reproducing differences in the sea ice cover between the years chosen. Neglecting oceanic effects caused excessive ice formation in the northwest Gulf and pr

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Zanowski, Hannah Marietta. "The Influence of Antarctic Open-Ocean Polynyas on the Abyssal Ocean." Thesis, Princeton University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10248291.

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<p> In the mid-1970s, an enormous open-ocean polynya developed in the Weddell Sea. Since the Weddell Polynya's occurrence, no polynya of similar size or duration has been observed in the region. A polynya of this magnitude could significantly affect global abyssal ocean properties via increased Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) formation and large Weddell Sea water mass property perturbations. However, the scarcity of 1970s Weddell Sea observations, coupled with the sparseness of abyssal ocean observations, make it difficult to study this phenomenon's oceanic impact without models. This dissertati

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Nhesvure, Belinda. "Impacts of ENSO on coastal South African sea surface temperatures." Master's thesis, Faculty of Science, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32954.

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The impact of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on the Southern African inland climate is well documented and provides skill in the seasonal forecast of rainfall but little is known of the impact of ENSO on the ocean surrounding South Africa. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of ENSO on sea surface temperatures around the coast of South Africa and to calculate SST trends around the coast. I start by updating the study of Rouault et al (2010) on the very topic with an additional 10 years of data and two additional newer datasets which allow sampling closer to the coast where wind-

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Evers-King, Hayley Louise. "Phytoplankton community structure determined through remote sensing and in situ optical measurements." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13076.

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Includes bibliographical references.<br>Linking variability in optical signals with phytoplankton community characteristics is important to extend the use of the vast resource that is the satellite ocean colour archive. Detection of species, functional types or size classes has been addressed through a spectrum of empirical to analytical approaches. A key step in developing these techniques is quantifying the sensitivity in reflectance, which can be attributed to phytoplankton characteristics (e.g cell size) under different optical regimes. Ultimately, highly spatially and temporally resolved

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Joubert, Warren Ryan. "Primary productivity and its variability in the Atlantic Southern ocean." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13366.

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Includes bibliographical references.<br>The two principal bottom-up drivers of the High Nutrient Low Chlorophyll (HNLC) characteristics of the Southern Ocean are light and nutrient (mainly dissolved iron) limitation ( Boyd , 2002; Mitchell et al., 1991), which have varying limiting roles over the growing season ( Boyd, 2002; Swart et al., 2014). This research commenced with an investigation of the meridional characteristics of primary productivity in the Atlantic Southern Ocean during austral summer 2008.

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Nhantumbo, Bernardino João. "Drivers of coastal sea level variability along the east and south of South Africa." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Science, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30348.

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Sea level rise and variability is of great concern in the coastal areas where a significant part of the global population is settled. Therefore, understanding regional and local long-term sea level variability as well as its trend is critical. On the other hand, quantifying how the sea level has varied on different timescales and why, is critical for understanding sea level changes, and crucial for improving future global, regional, and local projections. In this study, monthly mean sea level records of seven individual tide gauges, from the east and south coast of South Africa were used to an

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Driver, Penny Meredith. "Rainfall variability over southern Africa." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12830.

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Includes bibliographical references.<br>Southern Africa is subject to high inter annual rainfall variability and the factors influencing southern African rainfall are not fully understood. The variability has been linked with various sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) in each of the three major ocean basins as well as variability in the strength and position of regional atmospheric features. One of the atmospheric factors that may play a substantial role in southern African rainfall variability is the Botswana high, a high pressure cell which exists at the 500hPa level and is centred ov

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Funke, Michael. "On the subtropical front in the South Atlantic Ocean." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6473.

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Includes abstract.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 64-72).<br>The region surrounding the Tristan da Cunha Archipelago has received little attention to date due to its remote location. An extensive revision of previous literature covers the majority of oceanographic research undertaken in the region of interest. New satellite derived oceanographic data sets and the SODA Reanalysed model are used to overcome the sparse extent of in-situ data in this region. Using latitudinal temperature gradients to track the surface expression of the Subtropical Front from AMSR and OISST satellit

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Hunter, I. T. "The Weather of the Agulhas bank and the Cape South Coast." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/21858.

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Until 1982, when the National Research Institute for Oceanology (NRIO) erected self-contained, automatic weather stations (AWS) on the Cape South Coast, no continuous coastal measurements were available. This Institute had erected an AWS on the drilling rig Sedco K in 1978, so that over 3 years of very valuable off- shore data was already available on the adjacent Agulhas Bank. Al though the weather offices at George and Port Elizabeth have made accurate meteorological observations for over 30 years, this data is shown here to differ significantly from actual coastal measurements. Thus the NRI

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Dove, Veronica Fernando. "Seasonal and interannual variability of surface chlorophyll-a and sea surface temperature in the Delgoa Bight, southern Mozambique." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/19978.

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Multi satellite data for surface chlorophyll‐a (Chl‐a), sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface wind (SSW) and sea level anomalies (SLA) have been obtained and analysed over the Delagoa Bight (24‐28°S, 32‐36°E), southern Mozambique for the period 2003‐2012 at monthly time scales. Both descriptive and quantitative analysis using wavelets have been used to obtain a better understanding of the nature of the interannual, seasonal and intra- seasonal variability of the data. Strong seasonal structure and interannual modulation were observed in the area averaged Chl‐a concentration and SST. The l

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