Relevant bibliographies by topics / Physical output

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Physical output'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 January 2023
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Physical output"

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DeAngelis, Richard, and M. Lindsay Lessig. "Physical augmentation of cardiac output." Critical Care Nursing Quarterly 10, no. 4 (March 1988): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002727-198803000-00006.

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TORNAMBÉ, ANTONIO. "Physical realizability of output feedback control laws." International Journal of Systems Science 24, no. 7 (July 1993): 1403–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207729308949569.

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Dietzenbacher, Erik. "Waste treatment in physical input–output analysis." Ecological Economics 55, no. 1 (October 2005): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2005.04.009.

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Casazza, Marco, Francesco Gonella, Gengyuan Liu, Antonio Proto, and Renato Passaro. "Physical Constraints on Global Social-Ecological Energy System." Energies 14, no. 23 (December 6, 2021): 8177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14238177.

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Energy is the main driver of human Social-Ecological System (SES) dynamics. Collective energy properties of human SES can be described applying the principles of statistical mechanics: (i) energy consumption repartition; (ii) efficiency; (iii) performance, as efficient power, in relation to the least-action principle. International Energy Agency data are analyzed through the lens of such principles. Declining physical efficiency and growth of power losses emerge from our analysis. Losses mainly depend on intermediate system outputs and non-energy final output. Energy performance at Country level also depends on efficient power consumption. Better and worse performing Countries are identified accordingly. Five policy-relevant areas are identified in relation to the physical principles introduced in this paper: Improve efficiency; Decouple economic growth from environmental degradation; Focus on high value added and labor-intensive sectors; Rationalize inefficient fossil fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption; Upgrade the technological capabilities. Coherently with our findings, policies should support the following actions: (1) redefine sectoral energy distribution shares; (2) Improve Country-level performance, if needed; (3) Reduce intermediate outputs and non-energy final output; (4) Reduce resources supply to improve eco-efficiency together with system performance.
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Vernaza-Pinzón, Paola, and Gabriel Álvarez-Bravo. "Latin American Scientific Output in Physical Therapy/Kinesiology." Aquichan 11, no. 1 (April 1, 2011): 94–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5294/aqui.2011.11.1.7.

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Objetivo: caracterizar la producción latinoamericana de literatura científica sobre fisioterapia / kinesiología entre los años 2000 y 2007. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo a 1700 artículos en el área de fisioterapia / kinesiología publicados en las bases de datos de Scielo y Lillacs. Las variables estudiadas fueron: frecuencia documental, número de documentos encontrados, producción científica por país, producción científica por cada descriptor sobre fisioterapia / kinesiología, número de autores, filiación institucional, tipo de publicación, idioma, tipo de estudio y número de referencias bibliográficas. Resultados: la tendencia de producción científica por país refleja que Brasil lidera con el 70,1 % la producción científica de la fisioterapia / kinesiología en Latinoamérica, seguido de Chile con el 13,4 %, Colombia y Venezuela con el 6 %, Argentina con el 3,4 %, y con menos del 1 % de representatividad en producción se encuentran Cuba y Perú. Conclusiones: a pesar de que los estudios bibliométricos en una sola área del conocimiento no resuelven las necesidades de medida de la actividad científica, dan claridad y orientan el trabajo investigativo. Conocer las investigaciones de la fisioterapia / kinesiología en la región permitirá a los académicos generar una política de investigación latinoamericana que redunde en el beneficio de la profesión, de las comunidades y del contexto.
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Grasselli, Osvaldo Maria, and Sauro Longhi. "Robust output regulation under uncertainties of physical parameters." Systems & Control Letters 16, no. 1 (January 1991): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-6911(91)90026-b.

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Tanaka, Masaaki, Yoshihito Shigihara, and Yasuyoshi Watanabe. "Central inhibition regulates motor output during physical fatigue." Brain Research 1412 (September 2011): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2011.07.021.

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Wang, Junwei, Kairui Chen, and Qiuli Liu. "Output Consensus of Heterogeneous Multiagent Systems with Physical and Communication Graphs." Complexity 2018 (November 1, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9091380.

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This paper deals with the output consensus problem of heterogeneous networks in a leader-follower manner that are interconnected by a physical coupling graph. The network under consideration consists of linear agents with different dynamics/dimensions. Both the state-feedback and output-feedback control protocols based upon information flow prescribed by a separate communication graph are developed, using the internal model principle and relative outputs of neighboring agents. With the small-gain theorem, we convert the consensus problem into a H∞ control problem of decoupled linear systems having the same dimensions as a single agent, where the disturbance attenuation constraints depend on the largest singular value related to the global information of physical and communication graphs. Then, we provide local synthesis procedures for control gains in terms of feasible solutions of algebraic Riccati equations. Finally, simulation examples are presented to verify the performance of the theoretical results.
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Prihhartini, Sya'baningrum. "LEARNING GRAMMAR THROUGH PHYSICAL GAMES." Sukma: Jurnal Pendidikan 2, no. 2 (December 10, 2018): 167–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.32533/02201.2018.

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This study aims to investigate the language output resulted from physical games played as a practice to learn grammar. 20 university students were involved in a game in which they had to jump and throw a marker towards cue cards that contained questions in If-Conditional Type II structure. The students’ language output during the game was recorded and analyzed qualitatively. The result shows that physical game facilitates the learners to acquire new grammartical items and that it is effective to a good extent.Keywords : physical games, grammar, accuracy
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Shephard, R. J. "Accelerometer Output and MET Values of Common Physical Activities." Yearbook of Sports Medicine 2011 (January 2011): 121–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yspm.2010.12.003.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Physical output"

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Young, Steven David. "An investigation into the nature of physical activity in young people within a Scottish context." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2018. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/1255648.

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Researchers have linked physical activity (PA) with positive health outcomes. Unfortunately, PA in young people continues to be reported as a concern with many not achieving the recommended guidelines. Further, participation in childhood and adolescence is positively associated with PA into adulthood, highlighting the importance of PA habits in young people for lifelong participation. Gender, socio- economic status (SES), and motivation have all been shown to be important factors that influence participation, and as such are a focus of this thesis. Mixed methods research was adopted to ‘investigate the nature of PA in young people within a Scottish context' including quantitative (study one) and qualitative (studies two and three) methodologies. The initial motivation for study one emerged through my personal interest in understanding the nature of young people's participation in structured club activities and the role SES, gender and motivation play in a Scottish context. Sport is often used as a proxy for PA and as such, young people's participation is frequently reported on sports club based activities. On reflection, this focus on ‘weekly club activity sessions,' rather than a more broad, valid, and reliable measure of PA, limited the application of the findings. Nevertheless, the findings and reflection on the methods used in study one informed the direction of the thesis moving forward. More specifically, SES was found to be the strongest predictor of club activity participation, with those from higher SES taking part in more club activity sessions than those from lower SES. No significant gender differences in participation were found. While SES was the sole predictor of school club activities, perceived competence and intrinsic motivation were also important predictors of participation in out-of-school club activities. The regression models predicted between 5% and 27% of the variance in club participation, highlighting the multi-factorial nature of the influencers of participation. In order to understand the nature of PA more broadly in young people from lower SES within a Scottish context and to investigate the complexity of participation influencers, a qualitative methodology was used. Study two investigated low SES Scottish youths' PA experiences across key development stages (i.e., childhood, adolescence and newly identified early adulthood, study two). Results suggested that young people from low SES participate in a high variety of unstructured PA throughout their lives, which is under reported in the literature. Participation in structured sport based activities in childhood, particularly those in which a young person forms a sport ‘identity,' influences future adherence, but also engagement and enjoyment of school physical education (PE). For many young people, particularly those from less affluent backgrounds, school PE may be the only opportunity for them to participate in structured PA. While some young people embraced school PE, others perceived PE a threatening, so leading them to avoid or drop out altogether. Findings showed that in addition to previous experience, the nature of the PE climate also influenced participation as young people entered early adulthood. As well as shedding light on the broad nature of young people's PA from low SES backgrounds, the findings from study two highlighted the role that schools (e.g., through PE) have in influencing young people's PA and associated attitudes. Study three aimed to investigate young people's PA, motivational influences, and the role of schools from the perspective of qualified Scottish PE teachers, knowledgeable on policy issues and active in the development of future teachers. The main findings from study three showed that family influences (mostly parents) and SES were key towards the formation of young people's attitudes and behaviours towards PA, particularly in sports. Those young people with parents not showing any interest in PA were more likely to be inactive compared to those youngsters with active parents. Young people from lower SES backgrounds were less likely to participate in sports activities, thus preventing them from gaining the necessary experiences (and competencies) needed to successfully take part in many school PE activities. Also, this study found that secondary school PE is perceived by many pupils as threatening which subsequently led many to avoid PE altogether. Many young people are not achieving the curriculum expected health and well-being benefits through school PE. The results also highlighted the huge challenge and role conflict that is apparent for PE teachers in schools, which is a barrier to effective promotion of PA and positive attitudes in a range of young people. This thesis supports the contention that SES is an important factor in young people's PA. While those from lower SES were shown to participate in less structured sport club activity than those from higher SES, evidence emerged suggesting that young people from lower SES participate in a variety of unstructured PA which is underreported in the literature. The complexities of PA participation were also apparent where previous experience, parents and school PE were found to have important roles, which either facilitated or debilitated motivation, and participation. This thesis also highlighted that there are serious challenges in delivering an effective PE experience to pupils with a wide range of ability and backgrounds. These challenges were exacerbated by the vagueness of policy guidance (e.g., within Scotland's curriculum for excellence), the pressures of certification, and the mostly sport dominated culture of PE. Implications for policy and practice in relation to the motivational climate of PEemerged. Recommendations for future research and practice in this area are discussed.
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Marappullige, Priyantha Kumara. "The impacts of tree density on the physical and biological characteristics of planted Mangrove stands in Sri Lanka." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2011. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/4467.

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Survival, growth, aboveground biomass production, belowground biomass production, sediment accretion, soil surface elevation dynamics, sediment carbon and C/N ratio, sediment N and P, sediment 13C and 15N, sediment texture and macrofauna community structure, were studied in experimental treatments planted with four different densities (6.96, 3.26, 1.93 and 0.95 seedlings m-2) of the mangrove Rhizophora mucronata in Palakuda, Puttalam Lagoon, Sri Lanka. The first three parameters were also studied at a replicated experiment at Rekawa Lagoon, Sri Lanka. For both Palakuda (1,171days) and Rekawa (702 days) sites, the highest tree density (6.96 seedlings m-2) showed significantly higher % survival: means (±S.E.) of 93.4 (± 1.1) and 91.2 (± 1.38) respectively. The measures of individual trees (tree height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, number of branches, number of prop roots ) did not differ among treatments (p>0.05) for both sites. In contrast, the aboveground biomass responded significantly to planting density with higher plantation densities equating to greater biomass: 10772 ± 24 and 9904 ± 18.1g dry weight m-2 for Palakuda (1,171days) and Rekawa (702 days) respectively. The belowground biomass at Palakuda (1370 days) varied significantly between the densities with the highest belowground biomass (105.41 ± 6.98 g m-2) in the highest tree density. The same tree density had the highest numbers of fine roots m-2 for efficient absorption of nutrients. Higher tree densities accumulated more N in their sediments while the sediment phosphate was not different between the densities. Sediment ‰ 13C, ‰ 15N and C/N ratios ranged between -16.41 to -14.58, 2.80 to 2.40 and 9.32 to 7.85 respectively and were independent of the planting density. The 13C values indicated a potential mix of seagrass C and mangrove C in sediments of the treatments; the highest tree density (6.96 seedlings m-2) had significantly higher % sediment carbon (0.68 ± 0.04) compared with the unplanted controls (0.46 ± 0.05). Rates of surface accretion were 13.0 (± 1.3), 10.5 (± 0.9), 8.4 (± 0.3), 6.9 (± 0.5) and 5.7 (± 0.3) mm year-1 at planting densities of 6.96, 3.26, 1.93, 0.95, and 0 (unplanted control) seedlings m-2 respectively, showing highly significant differences among treatments. Mean (± SE) rates of surface elevation change were much lower than rates of accretion at 2.8 (± 0.2), 1.6 (± 0.1), 1.1(± 0.2), 0.6 (± 0.2) and -0.3 (± 0.1) mm year-1 for 6.96, 3.26, 1.93, 0.95, and 0 seedlings m-2, respectively. The community structure of the sediment macrofauna was unchanged between the treatments; that is likely to be the result of unchanged sediment texture and unavailability of mangrove derived carbon as the major food source. This study demonstrated the role of higher mangrove densities in enhancing the rates of sediment accretion and surface elevation processes that may be crucial in mangrove ecosystems' adaptation to sea-level rise. There was no evidence that increasing plant density evoked a trade-off with growth and survival of the planted trees during their early 1171 days of growth. While these potential processes need further research, the enhanced survival at high densities suggests the potential to use high plantation densities to help mitigate sea-level rise effects by encouraging positive sediment surface elevation. Higher biomass production in higher densities would also help faster sequestration of atmospheric carbon dioxide.
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Löfving, Erik. "Organizing physical flow data : from input-output tables to data warehouses /." Linköping : Dept. of Mathematics, Univ, 2005. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2005/stat5s.pdf.

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Reza, Humayun. "Cleaning and restoring old masonry buildings : investigations of physical and chemical characteristics of masonry stones and clay bricks during cleaning." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2014. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/8851.

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Historic buildings and monuments are a precious finite asset and powerful reminders for future generations of the work and way of life of earlier cultures and civilisations. The stone cleaning and restoration of historic buildings is a crucial element in keeping the good look, integrity and quality of the fine art, method of construction and architecture of previous civilisations. Stone cleaning is one of the most noticeable changes a building can be subjected to, which changes its appearance, persona and environmental context. In this study, a series of physical and chemical tests were conducted to further investigate, evaluate and improve the efficiency of building cleaning. Seven different abrasives were adopted for air abrasive cleaning, including copper slag (fine, medium and coarse), recycled glass (fine, medium and coarse) and hazelnut/almond shell (natural abrasive), on a total of eight masonry stones and clay bricks, including yellow sandstone, red sandstone, limestone, marble, granite, white clay brick, yellow clay brick and red clay brick. Physical investigations included sieve tests and impact tests on the abrasives, greyscale image analysis, thickness reduction measurements, Vickers surface hardness tests, Charpy impact tests and water absorption tests. Chemical investigations included Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX) analyses. Sieve tests and impact tests confirmed that the abrasives utilised were fairly reliable, and the abrasives with high bulk densities were stronger and tougher than those with low bulk density. Greyscale digital image analysis indicated a lower greyscale value corresponded to a dirtier masonry surface. In general, the greyscale continuously increased with the increasing cleaning time and tended to be stable when the surface became fully cleaned. The cleanness was also introduced for assessing the effectiveness of the building cleaning. Similar trends could be observed. Both parameters proved to be significantly useful. For most of the samples, monotonic increase trends were observed between the greyscale and thickness reduction. The image analysis on greyscale and the thickness measurement were two useful methods for assessing the cleaning degree of a masonry stone or clay brick. Based on the analysis on all the testing data, it is possible to recommend a more suitable abrasive for each masonry stone or brick. For granite and red clay brick, medium glass produced the best performance, while for limestone, marble and red sandstone, fine glass was promising. For yellow clay brick, fine slag could be the best option, while for yellow sandstone the natural abrasive was found to be the most suitable. vi The Vickers hardness test results indicated that a larger hardness corresponded to a harder masonry surface. Also the surface hardness continuously increased with the increasing cleaning time but at a decrease rate. Most of the increasing trends of the surface hardness could be approximately expressed using parabolic relationships. Granite was found to be the hardest, and followed by marble and limestone. However, there were no big differences in the surface hardness between yellow clay brick, yellow sandstone, red sandstone and white clay brick. The impact resistances of seven masonry stones and bricks were obtained by conducting the Charpy impact resistance tests. Granite showed the highest impact resistance among all the stones and bricks and was followed by marble, limestone, clay bricks and sandstones. The stones and bricks with higher impact resistances also had higher hardness values but lower water absorptions. The water absorbing capacity of the seven masonry stones and bricks was quantitatively determined. Two types of clay bricks showed the highest water absorptions, and the water absorptions for limestone, yellow sandstone and red sandstone were also quite high. However, the water absorption of marble and granite was found to be very low. Larger water absorption corresponded to a softer stone or brick, while smaller water absorption corresponded to a harder stone or brick. The chemical investigations by using the SEM and EDX techniques showed that the chemical substances on the masonry surface varied largely for different types of stones and bricks. This study showed the way to detect such soiling using chemical analysis by monitor the changes in chemical elements and compounds during the building cleaning. Finally, comprehensive conclusions were presented, together with useful suggestions for future work.
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Ertur, Elka Bedia 1966. "Investigation of a novel dimpled waveplate output coupler for use in unstable ring lasers." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278325.

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In this paper a novel, radially varying birefringent output coupler is analyzed both theoretically and experimentally. This output coupler, a dimpled half waveplate, is designed to obtain better beam quality from unstable ring resonators. A theoretical model for its transmission when followed by a polarizer is developed. Since the transmission of the dimpled waveplate is a function of various parameters such as the birefringent material, dimple diameter, radius of curvature, and wavelength, the effect of these parameters on the transmission is studied. Using the theoretical equations, the dimpled waveplate design parameters are determined to achieve the necessary transmission. Two experimental procedures used to characterize the dimpled waveplates are described. One is designed to investigate its average transmission and the other to plot its transmission profile. The experimental results are within 5% error of the theoretical calculations for the peak and average transmissions. Finally, the unstable ring laser with the novel dimpled waveplate output coupler is demonstrated.
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Brodie, Michael B. "Methods for Generative Adversarial Output Enhancement." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2020. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8763.

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Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) learn to synthesize novel samples for a given data distribution. While GANs can train on diverse data of various modalities, the most successful use cases to date apply GANs to computer vision tasks. Despite significant advances in training algorithms and network architectures, GANs still struggle to consistently generate high-quality outputs after training. We present a series of papers that improve GAN output inference qualitatively and quantitatively. The first chapter, Alpha Model Domination, addresses a related subfield of Multiple Choice Learning, which -- like GANs -- aims to generate diverse sets of outputs. The next chapter, CoachGAN, introduces a real-time refinement method for the latent input space that improves inference quality for pretrained GANs. The following two chapters introduce finetuning methods for arbitrary, end-to-end differentiable GANs. The first, PuzzleGAN, proposes a self-supervised puzzle-solving task to improve global coherence in generated images. The latter, Trained Truncation Trick, improves upon a common inference heuristic by better maintaining output diversity while increasing image realism. Our final work, Two Second StyleGAN Projection, reduces the time for high-quality, image-to-latent GAN projections by two orders of magnitude. We present a wide array of results and applications of our method. We conclude with implications and directions for future work.
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Bunt, Christopher M. "Fishways for warmwater species, utilization patterns, attraction efficiency, passage efficiency, and relative physical output." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0028/NQ51183.pdf.

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Metcalfe, Alan J. "The performance analysis of power output in professional male road cyclists." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2017. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1970.

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Athletes regularly monitor exercise workload in an attempt to improve and maintain exercise performance. Within road cycling, workload is commonly measured using power output. Yet, it is plausible that power output during road cycling is influenced by several factors such as topography, road gradient or rider specialities. If these factors do influence power output they may influence quantification of workload demands. As such, the purpose of this thesis was to improve our understanding of external workload in professional road cycling and describe the factors which influence power output during performance analysis. Specifically, this thesis examined the power output within single stage (1 day, Study One) and multi-stage races (4-21 days, Study Two, Three and Four). The within seasonal changes in power output of professional cyclists were also examined (Study Five). Study One calculated the frequency distribution of maximal power output (POpeak) values during road cycling events over different topography categories and analysed the power output 600 s prior to POpeak using a new time series analysis called changepoint. Changepoint estimated the four largest statistical changes in power output to find distinct segments. Seven professional male road cyclists (mean ± SD: age 29.5 ± 2.8 y, mass 69.7 ± 5.5 kg, height 182 ± 5 cm) participated in Study One and were all members of a single professional cycling team. It was found that a greater frequency of POpeak values (54%) occurred during flat stages in the final 80 to 100% of race time compared with the previous 0 to 80% race time. Using changepoint, power output was lower (P <0.05) in segment four compared with POpeak in all topography categories (flat: 235 vs. 823 W, semi-mountainous: 157 vs. 886 W and mountainous: 171 vs. 656 W). These results demonstrate that POpeak values occur at differing time points depending on the topography category and that changepoint demonstrated its ability to analyse power output data. Study Two calculated the maximal mean power (MMP) of professional cyclists from grand tour events. The MMP was examined across various topographies and rider specialities. Study Two also examined the percentage of race time spent in different power output bands between topographies, road gradients and rider specialities. Thirteen male professional cyclists (mean ± SD: age 25 ± 3 y, mass 69 ± 7.5 kg, height 178 ± 0.5 cm) participated in Study Two. MMP for durations longer than 1200 s were greater in semi-mountainous and mountainous stages, when compared with flat stages (1200 s: 5.1 ± 0.2, 5.2 ± 0.3, 4.5 ± 0.3 W·kg-1 respectively; P <0.05). Sprinters and climbers spent greater percentage of race time at a power output greater than 7.5 W·kg-1, when compared with general classification riders and domestiques (11.3, 11.4, 7.1 and 5.3%, respectively; P <0.05). A greater proportion of race time was spent at a power output above 3.7 W·kg-1 when cycling at a road gradient greater than 5% (P <0.05), compared with road gradients 0 to 5% and less than 0%. In conclusion, caution should be taken when comparing MMP between different races of varying topography or rider specialities. It was found in Study Two that MMP differs between flat and mountainous stages. Given that critical power (CP) can be estimated from MMP values during competition it is plausible that such differences will influence CP estimation. It is also plausible that difference in MMP between flat and mountainous stages is because cyclists are able to produce greater power output uphill rather than on flat gradients. As such, Study Three examined the use of MMP in the estimation of CP when calculated from stages of differing topographies. Also, Study Three compared estimated CP from a flat (mean gradient 0.4%) and uphill (mean gradient 6.2%) field-based test. Data from thirteen professional male road cyclists (age 29 ± 4 y, height 171 ± 0.9 cm, mass 67 ± 8.2 kg) were analysed. No differences (P >0.05) were observed in estimated CP between topography categories. However, a large effects size (d = 0.8) was observed in CP between flat stages and both semi-mountainous and mountainous stages. Estimated CP was 11.6% lower in flat field-based test, compared with the uphill field-based test (5.0 vs. 5.6 W·kg-1). Study Three demonstrates a large difference between estimated CP from alternative topography categories and from two different gradient specific field-based tests. With an 11.6% difference in CP observed in Study Three between 0 and 6.2% road gradients, Study Four investigated the magnitude of change in 1 and 5 min MMP from grand tour mountain stages. Road gradients of -5% to +5% were compared chronologically from lowest to highest. Seven professional male road cyclists (age 30 ± 4 y, height 169 ± 8 cm, body mass 69 ± 9 kg) from two professional cycling teams were analysed. In total 50 mountainous stages were analysed in Study Four from grand tours between 2011 and 2016. Power output from road gradient -1% was lower (P <0.001) in both 1 and 5 MMP compared with 0% (2.4 to 3.3 and 2.2 to 3.1 W·kg-1, respectively). Power output from road gradient 1% was lower in both 1 and 5 MMP compared with 2% (3.6 to 4.2 and 3.4 to 4.1 W·kg-1; (P <0.05)). These results highlight the need to consider road gradient when using power output for cycling performance analysis. Study Five described the within-season external workloads of professional male road cyclists for optimal training prescription. Four professional male cyclists (mean ± SD: age 24 ± 2 y, body mass 77.6 ± 1.5 kg, height 184 ± 4.3 cm) from the same professional cycling team were monitored for 12 months. Within three seasonal phases (phase one: Oct-Jan, phase two: Feb-May and, phase three: June-Sept), the volume and exercise intensity during training and racing was measured. Total distance (3859 ± 959 vs 10911 ± 620 km) and time (240.5 ± 37.5 vs 337.5 ± 26 h) was lower (P <0.01) in phase one compared with phase two, respectively. Total distance decreased (P <0.01) from phase two compared with phase three (10911 ± 620 vs 8411 ± 1399 km, respectively). Mean absolute (236 ± 12.1 vs. 197 ± 3 W) and relative (3.1 ± 0 vs. 2.5 ± 0 W·kg-1) power output was higher (P <0.05) during racing compared with training, respectively. These results highlight the importance in acknowledging the difference in volume and intensity changes during a season. In conclusion, this thesis demonstrates that cycling power output is affected by multiple factors including topography, road gradient and a rider’s speciality. Caution should be taken when interpreting cycling performance analysis using power output measures such as MMP and CP.
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Maine, Andrew. "Reducing the risk of Type 2 diabetes in people with intellectual disabilities : a three phase study." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2018. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/1510775.

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Background: People with intellectual disabilities (ID) remain at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) due to lifestyle associated risk factors such poor diets and low physical activity levels. Interventions have been adapted which target ongoing T2D self-management. However, there are no adapted programmes which prevent T2D through reducing risk factors. The present research project addresses this gap through a three-phase study on the existing literature, theoretical basis, and process evaluation of a T2D prevention programme. Methods: Phase 1: The literature reviews identified that the support needs of people with ID with T2D are currently not being met. Appropriate training needs to be delivered so that people with ID can self-manage or reduce the risk of T2D effectively. Given the early onset of T2D in people with ID and their often shorter lifespan, there is rationale for a preventative agenda in T2D education. Four potential mainstream intervention programmes were identified, and the self-efficacy model was found to be the most prevalent successfully implemented theoretical model. Phase 2: Nine sub-themes were identified following analysis of the data: 1) "Mastery through knowledge"; 2) "Mastery through tools and strategies"; 3) "Mastery through autonomy"; 4) "Influence of social setting"; 5) "Positive social comparisons"; 6) "Positive and negative self-statements"; 7) "Feedback from Caregivers"; 8) "Adjustment experiences"; 9) "Symptom awareness". These were mapped onto Bandura's (1977) Four Sources of efficacy enhancement model and were consistentwith its proposed mechanisms. The Four Sources model serves as a useful mode of enquiry for exploring people with ID's experiences and perceptions of self-managing diabetes. It also confirms the appropriateness of ssself-efficacy as a potential intervention component for this population. However, additional support may be required for people with ID to reflect meaningfully on their experiences and thus have a sense of self-efficacy. Phase3: 96% of invited students agreed to participate. The Walking Away programme was positively received, and some short-term impact was described, yet there were limitations to accessibility of the program due to the complexity of the language and materials. Suggestions for further adaptations regarding materials and content were provided, and there was perceived scope for a long-term implementation built into college curriculum. Results: Phase One: The literature reviews identified that the support needs of people with ID with T2D are currently not being met. Appropriate training needs to be delivered so that people with ID can self-manage or reduce the risk of T2D effectively. Given the early onset of T2D in people with ID and their often shorter lifespan, there is rationale for a preventative agenda in T2D education. Four potential mainstream intervention programmes were identified, and the self-efficacy model was found to be the most prevalent successfully implemented theoretical model. Phase Two: Nine sub-themes were identified following analysis of the data: 1) "Mastery through knowledge"; 2) "Mastery through tools and strategies"; 3) "Masterythrough autonomy"; 4) "Influence of social setting"; 5) "Positive social comparisons"; 6) "Positive and negative self-statements"; 7) "Feedback from Caregivers"; 8) "Adjustment experiences"; 9) "Symptom awareness". These were mapped onto Bandura's (1977) Four Sources of efficacy enhancement model and were consistent with its proposed mechanisms. The Four Sources model serves as a useful mode of enquiry for exploring people with ID's experiences and perceptions of self-managing diabetes. It also confirms the appropriateness of self-efficacy as a potential intervention component for this population. However, additional support may be required for people with ID to reflect meaningfully on their experiences and thus have a sense of self-efficacy. Phase Three: 96% of invited students agreed to participate. The Walking Away programme was positively received, and some short-term impact was described, yet there were limitations to accessibility of the program due to the complexity of the language and materials. Suggestions for further adaptations regarding materials and content were provided, and there was perceived scope for a long-term implementation built into college curriculum. Phase Three: 96% of invited students agreed to participate. The Walking Away programme was positively received, and some short-term impact was described, yet there were limitations to accessibility of the program due to the complexity of the language and materials. Suggestions for further adaptations regarding materials and content were provided, and there was perceived scope for a long-term implementation built into college curriculum. Conclusions: The findings provide basis for a further trial incorporating the suggested adaptations. A self-efficacy informed prevention programme was highly acceptability to students and teaching staff. Further education colleges provided a supportive setting and yielded a rich sample.
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Mancini, Wendy F. "Power output and lactate concentration following repeated 10 s intervals using varying recovery patterns." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61140.

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Blood lactate concentration and mean power output were examined over a series of maximal intermittent exercise bouts with varying recovery patterns. Thirteen elite male cyclists completed four randomly assigned experimental conditions. Each exercise/recovery condition consisted of twelve 10 s maximal exercise bouts on a Monark cycle ergometer. Four different recovery patterns (30, 60, 90 and 120 s) followed the repeated 10 s all-out efforts. Results revealed that the mean power output averaged over the 12 trials was 12.7, 13.0, 13.2 and 13.4 W/kg, for the 30, 60, 90 and 120 s conditions, respectively. Blood lactate concentration during exercise were 9.9, 9.2, 6.5 and 6.0 mmol/1, for the 30, 60, 90 and 120 s conditions, respectively. The 30 and 60 s conditions yielded significantly lower mean power output values compared to the 90 and 120 s conditions. Following the repeated maximal 10 s efforts, blood lactate concentration was significantly greater in the 30 and 60 s recovery conditions compared to the 90 and 120 s conditions.
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Books on the topic "Physical output"

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Grossman, Gregory. Soviet statistics of physical output of industrial commodities: Their compilation and quality. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press, 1985.

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J, Comer David, ed. Physical data acquisition for digital processing: Components, parameters, and specifications. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1992.

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Stübing, Hagen. Multilayered Security and Privacy Protection in Car-to-X Networks: Solutions from Application down to Physical Layer. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2013.

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Rosenfield, Donald B. The retailer facility location problem. Cambridge, Mass: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1985.

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Micheloni, Rino. Inside Solid State Drives (SSDs). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013.

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Seedhouse, Erik. Interplanetary Outpost: The Human and Technological Challenges of Exploring the Outer Planets. New York, NY: Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2012.

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Spencer-Hall, Alicia. Medieval Saints and Modern Screens. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462982277.

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This ground-breaking book brings theoretical perspectives from twenty-first century media, film, and cultural studies to medieval hagiography. Medieval Saints and Modern Screens stakes the claim for a provocative new methodological intervention: consideration of hagiography as media. More precisely, hagiography is most productively understood as cinematic media. Medieval mystical episodes are made intelligible to modern audiences through reference to the filmic - the language, form, and lived experience of cinema. Similarly, reference to the realm of the mystical affords a means to express the disconcerting physical and emotional effects of watching cinema. Moreover, cinematic spectatorship affords, at times, a (more or less) secular experience of visionary transcendence: an 'agape-ic encounter'. The medieval saint's visions of God are but one pole of a spectrum of visual experience which extends into our present multi-media moment. We too conjure godly visions: on our smartphones, on the silver screen, and on our TVs and laptops. This book places contemporary pop-culture media - such as blockbuster movie The Dark Knight, Kim Kardashian West's social media feeds, and the outputs of online role-players in Second Life - in dialogue with a corpus of thirteenth-century Latin biographies, 'Holy Women of Liège'. In these texts, holy women see God, and see God often. Their experiences fundamentally orient their life, and offer the women new routes to knowledge, agency, and belonging. For the holy visionaries of Liège, as with us modern 'seers', visions are physically intimate, ideologically overloaded spaces. Through theoretically informed close readings, Medieval Saints and Modern Screens reveals the interconnection of decidedly 'old' media - medieval textualities - and artefacts of our 'new media' ecology, which all serve as spaces in which altogether human concerns are brought before the contemporary culture's eyes.
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Galiana, Ignacio. Multi-finger Haptic Interaction. London: Springer London, 2013.

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Comer, David J., and Gayle F. Miner. Physical Data Acquisition for Digital Processing: Components, Parameters, And Specifications. Prentice Hall, 1998.

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Comer, David J., and Gayle F. Miner. Physical Data Acquisition for Digital Processing: Components, Parameters, And Specifications. Prentice Hall, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Physical output"

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Weik, Martin H. "physical output device." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1275. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_14048.

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Weik, Martin H. "physical output unit." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1275. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_14049.

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Preumont, André. "Input-Output Relationship for Physical Systems." In Random Vibration and Spectral Analysis, 135–41. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2840-9_7.

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Nadeau, M., P. Léveillé, M. Quessy, and D. Royer. "The Mechanical Power Output of World Class Wheelchair Athletes." In Adapted Physical Activity, 87–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74873-8_13.

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Dietzenbacher, Erik, Stefan Giljum, Klaus Hubacek, and Sangwon Suh. "Physical Input-Output Analysis and Disposals to Nature." In Handbook of Input-Output Economics in Industrial Ecology, 123–37. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5737-3_7.

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Giljum, Stefan, and Klaus Hubacek. "Conceptual Foundations and Applications of Physical Input-Output Tables." In Handbook of Input-Output Economics in Industrial Ecology, 61–75. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5737-3_4.

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Enderle, Günter, Klaus Kansy, and Günther Pfaff. "Mapping Output Primitives and Attributes to Physical Workstations." In Computer Graphics Programming, 510–15. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71079-7_42.

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Marco, Ottilia De, Giovanni Lagioia, Vera Amicarelli, and Antonella Sgaramella. "Constructing Physical Input-Output Tables with Material Flow Analysis (MFA) Data: Bottom-Up Case Studies." In Handbook of Input-Output Economics in Industrial Ecology, 161–87. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5737-3_9.

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Zhang, Jinhui, Yuanqing Xia, Zhongqi Sun, and Duanduan Chen. "Event-Triggered Dynamic Output-Feedback Control for CPSs." In Networked and Event-Triggered Control Approaches in Cyber-Physical Systems, 125–38. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003260882-10.

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Pedersen, Ole Gravgård, and Mark de Haan. "SEEA-2003 and the Economic Relevance of Physical Flow Accounting at Industry and National Economy Level." In Handbook of Input-Output Economics in Industrial Ecology, 625–52. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5737-3_30.

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Conference papers on the topic "Physical output"

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Cai, Yuqi. "Virtually Physical Immaterial." In Design Computation Input/Output 2022. Design Computation, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47330/dcio.2022.mqmz7444.

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White, Dustin. "Material Based Computational Design Strategies." In Design Computation Input/Output 2022. Design Computation, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47330/dcio.2022.ngwc1201.

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The lecture outlines the past five years of a research-based design practice with an interest how technology, craft, and materials come together in ways that explore the boundaries between design, architecture, and other disciplines. Specifically, the pedagogy of material based computational strategies supporting the integration of form, material, and structure by incorporating physical form-finding strategies with digital analysis and fabrication processes. In this approach material often comes before shape, with material explorations as the premise for making and fabricating, and design decisions that emerge from the results of the material experiments and testing. The work produced by my students and myself seeks to challenge digital technology and fabrication to further the relationship of material to machine and material to design. With the intent to develop and employ novel software techniques that aid in the translation from the virtual world to the physical medias we engage through craft and technology to hybridize design and making. The work presented varies in scale, technique, method, intent, and fabrication processes but is fascinated with thinking though material based computational design strategies.
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Russell, Peter. "The Internet of Doors - topologies and doorframe computing." In Design Computation Input/Output 2022. Design Computation, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47330/dcio.2022.fynq9140.

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The presentation discusses a topological approach to the question of location information in increasingly wired buildings and building components. One of the consequences of this approach is to use the thresholds within buildings as not only the position for mathematical descriptions (topologies), but also the physical infrastructure of sensors, actuators and even processors. The presentation describes the processor-cycle and maintenance-cycle advantages of this strategy and presents the challenges in creating a topologically configured intelligent system of systems.
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Bernstein, Phillip. "Proceedings Keynote." In Design Computation Input/Output 2021. Design Computation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47330/dcio.2021.llkq5591.

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In her introductory essay to Log 50: Model Behavior, an edition dedicated to the implications of models for architecture, editor Cynthia Davidson quotes the theorist Teresa Stoppani’s assertion that an architectural model is “a ‘transitory object,’ essentially occupying another in-between condition.” (Davidson, 2020). And while Stoppani seems to refer to traditional, physical study models, her observation applies equally to the menagerie of digital models available to today’s designer. Those models are a bridge between the architect’s intent and the built artifact.
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Huang, Liu, Jeng, Ko, and Hu. "A physical model for MOSFET output resistance." In Proceedings of IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting. IEEE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iedm.1992.307426.

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Baquero, Pablo, Daoming Liu, and Yota Adilenido. "Simulation and Fabrication of Elastic Deployable Stripe Structures." In Design Computation Input/Output 2022. Design Computation, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47330/dcio.2022.fbeo7122.

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Deployable structures have many applications in architecture, from kinetic pavilions to temporary structures, to retractable rooftops. There are various advantages to building deployable elements in a factory, and then deploying them on site. It is simpler to join stripes in flat arrangements than to put them together in three dimensions. This study focuses on a novel approach for creating and simulating systems of elastic stripes and how they can be utilized to build 3d-surfaces. The goal is to find the correct 2D stripes geometry that when deployed corresponds to a given 3D designed surface. Deployment simulation is essential to the design phase, and it is believes that by designing, simulating, and re-using data from already tested physical models, kinetic design methodological framework would naturally transition from a Design-Fabrication-Simulation workflow into a Design-Simulation-Fabrication one. (Raviv et al. 2014). In order to find the stripes deployment and its proximity to the final 3d surface, three experiments are examined ere: Starting from a simple case, in order to get a negative Gaussian curvature (Figure 1, Top) and observe the transformation and distortion of the flat faces, a hexagonal flat model has been vertically extruded and anchored in two points. Then, investigating further deploying techniques for negative curvature surfaces, a 2D linear set of equal stripes is deployed evenly by adding a locker stripe on its ends (Figure 2, Bottom). From the prototype and the simulation deployment the distortion produced a negative Gaussian curvature. A more complex example of curved stripes, using a locker stripe at the start and connecting between them, a group of four curved deployable stripes were distorted and joined to create four arches while maintaining their opening state (Figure 3, Right). The same distortion was seen in both the arches simulation and the prototype.
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Hu Bin, Satoshi Goto, and Yukiyasu Tsunoo. "A Multiple Bits Output Ring-Oscillator Physical Unclonable Function." In 2011 International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communications Systems (ISPACS 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ispacs.2011.6146089.

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Cerone, V., V. Razza, and D. Regruto. "Fiber laser physical parameters estimation from input-output power measurements." In 2013 American Control Conference (ACC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.2013.6579946.

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Hou, Fangyuan, and Jian Sun. "Covert attacks against output tracking control of cyber-physical systems." In IECON 2017 - 43rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2017.8216996.

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Zhang, Zhuo, Huiping Li, and Yongbo Li. "L2-L∞ output-feedback distributed control for multi-vehicle networks." In 2018 IEEE Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems (ICPS). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icphys.2018.8387648.

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Reports on the topic "Physical output"

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Hund, Lauren, and Justin Brown. Statistically Rigorous Uncertainty Quantification for Physical Parameter Model Calibration with Functional Output. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1562417.

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Schlossberg, Marc, Rebecca Lewis, Aliza Whalen, Clare Haley, Danielle Lewis, Natalie Kataoka, and John Larson-Friend. Rethinking Streets for Physical Distancing. Transportation Research and Education Center (TREC), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/trec.257.

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This report summarizes the primary output of this project, a book of COVID-era street reconfiguration case studies called Rethinking Streets During COVID-19: An Evidence-Based Guide to 25 Quick Redesigns for Physical Distancing, Public Use, and Spatial Equity. COVID-era needs have accelerated the process that many communities use to make street transformations due to: a need to remain physically distanced from others outside our immediate household; a need for more outdoor space close to home in every part of every community to access and enjoy; a need for more space to provide efficient mobility for essential workers in particular; and a need for more space for local businesses as they try to remain open safely. This project is the third in a series of NITC-supported case study books on best practices in street reconfigurations for more active, sustainable, and in this case, COVID-supportive uses. The full, 154-page book is available for free download from the National Institute for Transportation and Communities (NITC).
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Flowers, Patrick J., Patricia B. Shinkle, Daria A. Cain, and Thomas J. Mills. Timber net value and physical output changes following wildfire in the northern Rocky Mountains: estimates for specific fire situations. Berkeley, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/psw-rp-179.

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Johra, Hicham. Assembling temperature sensors: thermocouples and resistance temperature detectors RTD (Pt100). Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/aau449755797.

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Temperature is one of the most common physical quantities (measurand) to be measured in experimental investigations, monitoring and control of building indoor environment, thermal comfort and building energy performance. The most common temperature sensors are the thermocouples and the resistance temperature detectors (RTDs). These analog sensors are cheap, accurate, durable and easy to replace or to repair. The cable of these sensors can easily be shortened or extended. These sensors have a simple, monotonic and stable correlation between the sensor’s temperature and their resistance/voltage output, which makes them ideal for temperature measurement with electronic logging equipment. This technical report aims at providing clear guidelines about how to assemble and mount type-K thermocouples and Pt100 RTDs. These are the most common temperature sensors used in the Laboratory of Building Energy and Indoor Environment at the Department of the Built Environment of Aalborg University.
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Sharp, Jeremy, Locke Williams, Duncan Bryant, Jake Allgeier, Kevin Pigg, Gary Bell, and Dana Moses. Rough River Outlet Works physical model study. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41043.

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The US Army Corps of Engineers, Louisville District, requested the support and assistance of the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory (CHL), in the evaluation of the hydraulic performance of the replacement Outlet Works for Rough River Dam. To support the design effort, CHL constructed a 1:25.85 scale physical model. The proposed features of the model in the domain are the curved approach channel, intake structure, transition, curved conduit, stilling basin, concrete apron, and retreat channel. Tests performed to evaluate the hydraulic performance illuminated a few design concerns. To address these issues, several key design changes were made. These included the retreat channel slope, end sill design, and transition design.
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Ervin, Kelly, Karl Smink, Bryan Vu, and Jonathan Boone. Ship Simulator of the Future in virtual reality. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45502.

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The Army’s modernization priorities include the development of augmented reality and virtual reality (AR/VR) simulations for enabling the regiment and increasing soldier readiness. The use of AR/VR technology at the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) is also growing in the realm of military and civil works program missions. The ERDC Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory (CHL) has developed a ship simulator to evaluate bay channels across the world; however, the current simulator has little to no physical realism in nearshore coastal regions (Figure 1). Thus, the ERDC team is researching opportunities to advance ship simulation to deliver the Ship Simulator of the Future (SSoF). The SSoF will be equipped with a VR mode and will more accurately resolve nearshore wave phenomena by ingesting precalculated output from a Boussinesq-type wave model. This initial prototype of the SSoF application is intended for research and development purposes; however, the technologies employed will be applicable to other disciplines and project scopes, including the Synthetic Training Environment (STE) and ship and coastal structure design in future versions.
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Martinho, Diogo, Adam Field, and Hugo Sarmento. Soccer referees are also part of the game: a systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.8.0052.

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Review question / Objective: The of this study was to review and organise the literature using a holistic approach about match indicators, testing, nutrition and physiology on soccer refereeing. Condition being studied: This review is focused on physical, physiological, body composition, and physiological outputs among soccer referees. Each main topic will be organized according to the results of extracted studies. Eligibility criteria: (1) population – male and/or female soccer referees and/or assistant referees; (2) relevant data about body size, body composition, physical performance, physiological outputs and nutrition.
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Kraimer, M. R. Experimental physics and industrial control system (EPICS) input/output controller (IOC) application developer`s guide. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/205865.

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Maynord, Stephen T. Physical Model Study of Flowerpot Discharge Outlet, Western Closure Complex, New Orleans, Louisiana. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada583046.

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Journeay, M., P. LeSueur, W. Chow, and C L Wagner. Physical exposure to natural hazards in Canada. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330012.

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Natural hazard threats occur in areas of the built environment where buildings, people, and related financial assets are exposed to the physical effects of earth system processes that have a potential to cause damage, injuries, losses, and related socioeconomic disruption. As cities, towns, and villages continue to expand and densify in response to the pressures of urban growth and development, so too do the levels of exposure and susceptibility to natural hazard threat. While our understanding of natural hazard processes has increased significantly over the last few decades, the ability to assess both overall levels of physical exposure and the expected impacts and consequences of future disaster events (i.e., risk) is often limited by access to an equally comprehensive understanding of the built environment and detailed descriptions of who and what are situated in harm's way. This study addresses the current gaps in our understanding of physical exposure to natural hazards by presenting results of a national model that documents characteristics of the built environment for all settled areas in Canada. The model (CanEM) includes a characterization of broad land use patterns that describe the form and function of cities, towns, and villages of varying size and complexity, and the corresponding portfolios of people, buildings and related financial assets that make up the internal structure and composition of these communities at the census dissemination area level. Outputs of the CanEM model are used to carry out a preliminary assessment of exposure and susceptibility to significant natural hazard threats in Canada including earthquake ground shaking; inundation of low-lying areas by floods and tsunami; severe winds associated with hurricanes and tornados; wildland urban interface fire (wildfire); and landslides of various types. Results of our assessment provide important new insights on patterns of development and defining characteristics of the built environment for major metropolitan centres, rural and remote communities in different physiographic regions of Canada, and the effects of ongoing urbanization on escalating disaster risk trends at the community level. Profiles of physical exposure and hazard susceptibility described in this report are accompanied by open-source datasets that can be used to inform local and/or regional assessments of disaster risk, community planning and emergency management activities for all areas in Canada. Study outputs contribute to broader policy goals and objectives of the International Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 2015-2030; Un General Assembly, 2015) and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR 2015-2030; United Nations Office for Disaster Reduction [UNDRR], 2015), of which Canada is a contributing member. These include a more complete understanding of natural hazard risk at all levels of government, and the translation of this knowledge into actionable strategies that are effective in reducing intrinsic vulnerabilities of the built environment and in strengthening the capacity of communities to withstand and recover from future disaster events.
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