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Journal articles on the topic 'Physical properties of granites'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 3 February 2022

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1

Frascá, Maria H. B. O. "Considerations on Granite Dimension Stone Porosity and Modifications from Quarry to Slabs." Key Engineering Materials 548 (April 2013): 124–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.548.124.

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This paper presents the physical and petrographic characterization of selected granitic rock types from several quarries in Brazil and aims to contribute to a better knowledge of the engineering properties of granite dimension stone, focusing on laboratory physical determinations and the possible changes that would occur along processing operations, i.e., from the quarried rock to the polished slabs or tiles. The tests – petrography and porosity determinations – led to the collection of parameters of in natura and processed rock material, respectively from specimens obtained from small cubic blocks and polished slabs, situations considered representative of the stresses to which the rock is submitted to during the several processing stages. The results indicated that porosity tends to be higher for “tiles” than for “blocks”, and that “S-type granites” have higher porosity/open-pores values than “ordinary granites”, mainly due to their conspicuous microcracking. Moreover, in spite porous configuration may be modified during stone processing, it was found that such changes are not homogeneous and intrinsically associated to the petrographic characteristics, as previous microcracking and alteration states. Finally, as the new physical conditions, acquired after processing, may influence the stone durability, it is strongly suggested that they should be taken into account, as an additional criterion, to the cladding or flooring natural stone selection and specification.

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Vasconcelos, G., P. B. Lourenço, C. A. S. Alves, and J. Pamplona. "Ultrasonic evaluation of the physical and mechanical properties of granites." Ultrasonics 48, no. 5 (September 2008): 453–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultras.2008.03.008.

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3

Ayatollahi, M. R., M. Zare Najafabadi, S. S. R. Koloor, and Michal Petrů. "Mechanical Characterization of Heterogeneous Polycrystalline Rocks Using Nanoindentation Method in Combination with Generalized Means Method." Journal of Mechanics 36, no. 6 (May 7, 2020): 813–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmech.2020.18.

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ABSTRACTThe mechanical characterization of rocks is important in engineering design and analysis of rock-related structures. In the current researches, rocks are classified as heterogeneous materials with anisotropic behavior, and advanced methods such as combined experimental-numerical approach are developed to characterize the behavior of rocks. In this study, the nanoindentation experiment in conjunction with the generalized means method is used to determine the Young’s modulus and hardness of eight different polycrystalline granite rocks. In the first step, the Young’s modulus and hardness of granites’ constituents are determined through nanoindentation tests on pure granite minerals. Then, the properties of granites are determined using generalized means method by considering the mechanical properties of minerals, their volume fractions and an empirical constant called the microstructural coefficient. Accurate results with less than 3% error are obtained for 62.5% of the granite samples. The generalized means is introduced as a simple and effective method to characterize the mechanical properties of heterogeneous polycrystalline rocks.

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4

Chappell, B. W. "Towards a unified model for granite genesis." Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 95, no. 1-2 (March 2004): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263593300000870.

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ABSTRACTMost granites result from partial melting within the crust. Granite melts produced at the lowest temperatures of partial melting mainly comprise close to equal amounts of the haplogranite components Qz, Ab and Or, with H2O. Many felsic granites were formed by partial melting under such conditions and are low-temperature types, with crystals of zircon and other restite minerals present in the initial magma. Such magmas evolve in composition, at least initially, through fractionation of that restite. If one of the four haplogranite components either becomes depleted or too low in amount to contribute further to the melt, then melting may proceed to higher temperatures without a contribution from that component. Melting will advance to significantly higher temperatures if there is a critical deficiency in one or more components and a high-temperature granite magma forms, in which zircon is completely soluble. Such magmas are extracted from the source in a completely molten state and may evolve by fractional crystallisation. They are monzonitic, tonalitic or A-type, depending on whether the critical deficiency occurred in the Qz, Or or H2O component. If the Ab component is critically deficient, as in pelitic rocks, the rocks may be infertile for granite production. The control that source rock compositions exert on both the physical and chemical properties of granite magmas provides a unifying element in granite gen

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Martins, L., G. Vasconcelos, P. B. Lourenço, and C. Palha. "Influence of the Freeze-Thaw Cycles on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Granites." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 28, no. 5 (May 2016): 04015201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)mt.1943-5533.0001488.

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6

Costa, Fabiana Pereira da, Jucielle Veras Fernandes, Luiz Ronaldo Lisboa de Melo, Alisson Mendes Rodrigues, Romualdo Rodrigues Menezes, and Gelmires de Araújo Neves. "The Potential for Natural Stones from Northeastern Brazil to Be Used in Civil Construction." Minerals 11, no. 5 (April 21, 2021): 440. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11050440.

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Natural stones (limestones, granites, and marble) from mines located in northeastern Brazil were investigated to discover their potential for use in civil construction. The natural stones were characterized by chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, and optical microscopy. The physical-mechanical properties (apparent density, porosity, water absorption, compressive and flexural strength, impact, and abrasion) and chemical resistance properties were also evaluated. The results of the physical-mechanical analysis indicated that the natural stones investigated have the potential to be used in different environments (interior, exterior), taking into account factors such as people’s circulation and exposure to chemical agents.

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7

Arutyunyan, V. M. "Physical properties of the semiconductor-electrolyte interface." Uspekhi Fizicheskih Nauk 158, no. 6 (1989): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3367/ufnr.0158.198906c.0255.

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8

Amaral, Paulo, António Correia, Luís Lopes, Paula Rebola, António Pinho, and José Carrilho Lopes. "On the Use of Thermal Properties for Characterizing Dimension Stones." Key Engineering Materials 548 (April 2013): 231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.548.231.

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The use of dimension stones in architecture and civil engineering implies the knowledge of several mechanical, physical, and chemical properties. Even though it has been usual practice to measure physical and mechanical properties of dimension stones the same is not true for thermal properties such as thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, specific heat capacity, and heat production. These properties are particularly important when processes related with heating and cooling of buildings must be considered. Thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, and specific heat capacity are related with the way thermal energy is transmitted and accumulated in stones; heat production has to do with the amount of radioactive elements in the rocks and so with the environmental impact of radioactivity and public health problems. It is important to start to measure on a routine basis those four thermal properties in rocks and, in particular, in dimension rocks so that their application can be improved and optimized. With this is mind three sets of different rock types (granites, limestones, and marbles) were collected to measure the thermal conductivity, the thermal diffusivity, and the specific heat capacity with the objective of characterizing them in terms of those properties. Since the same set of rocks has also been studied for other physical properties, a correlation amongst all the measured properties is attempted. For each rock type several samples were used to measure the thermal conductivity, the thermal diffusivity, and the specific heat capacity, and average values were obtained and are presented. As an example, for granites the thermal conductivity varies between 2.87 and 3.75 W/mK; for limestones varies between 2.82 and 3.17 W/mK; and for marbles varies between 2.86 and 3.02 W/mK. It is hoped that measuring thermal properties on dimension stones will help to better adequate them to their use in civil engineering as well as to adequate their use in terms of a CE product.

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9

Nowakowski, Andrzej, and Mariusz Młynarczuk. "Changes of Selected Structural and Mechanical Properties of the Strzelin Granites As Induced By Thermal Loads / Wpływ Obciążeń Termicznych Na Zmiany Niektórych Strukturalnych I Mechanicznych Właściwości Granitów Strzelińskich." Archives of Mining Sciences 57, no. 4 (December 1, 2012): 951–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10267-012-0064-8.

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Abstract Temperature is one of the basic factors influencing physical and structural properties of rocks. A quantitative and qualitative description of this influence becomes essential in underground construction and, in particular, in the construction of various underground storage facilities, including nuclear waste repositories. The present paper discusses the effects of temperature changes on selected mechanical and structural parameters of the Strzelin granites. Its authors focused on analyzing the changes of granite properties that accompany rapid temperature changes, for temperatures lower than 573ºC, which is the value at which the β - α phase transition in quartz occurs. Some of the criteria for selecting the temperature range were the results of measurements carried out at nuclear waste repositories. It was demonstrated that, as a result of the adopted procedure of heating and cooling of samples, the examined rock starts to reveal measurable structural changes, which, in turn, induces vital changes of its selected mechanical properties. In particular, it was shown that one of the quantities describing the structure of the rock - namely, the fracture network - grew significantly. As a consequence, vital changes could be observed in the following physical quantities characterizing the rock: primary wave velocity (vp), permeability coefficient (k), total porosity (n) and fracture porosity (η), limit of compressive strength (Rσ1) and the accompanying deformation (Rε1), Young’s modulus (E), and Poisson’s ratio (ν).

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10

Eshaghi, Esmaeil, Anya M. Reading, Michael Roach, Mark Duffett, Daniel Bombardieri, Matthew J. Cracknell, John L. Everard, Grace Cumming, and Stephen Kuhn. "Inverse modeling constrained by potential field data, petrophysics, and improved geologic mapping: A case study from prospective northwest Tasmania." GEOPHYSICS 85, no. 5 (July 28, 2020): K13—K26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2019-0636.1.

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The Heazlewood-Luina-Waratah area is a prospective region for minerals in northwest Tasmania, Australia, associated with historically important ore deposits related to the emplacement of granite intrusions and/or ultramafic complexes. The geology of the area is poorly understood due to the difficult terrain and dense vegetation. We have constructed an initial high-resolution 3D geologic model of this area using constraints from geologic maps and geologic and geophysical cross sections. This initial model is improved upon by integrating results from 3D geometry and physical property inversion of potential field (gravity and magnetic) data, petrophysical measurements, and updated field mapping. Geometry inversion reveals that the Devonian granites in the south are thicker than previously thought, possibly connecting to deep sources of mineralization. In addition, we identified gravity anomalies to the northeast that could be caused by near-surface granite cupolas. A newly discovered ultramafic complex linking the Heazlewood and Mount Stewart Ultramafic Complexes in the southwest also has been modeled. This implies a greater volume of ultramafic material in the Cambrian successions and points to a larger obducted component than previously thought. The newly inferred granite cupolas and ultramafic complexes are targets for future mineral exploration. Petrophysical property inversion reveals a high degree of variation in these properties within the ultramafic complexes indicating a variable degree of serpentinization. Sensitivity tests suggest maximum depths of 2–3 km for the contact aureole that surrounds major granitic intrusions in the southeast, whereas the Heazlewood River complex is likely to have a deeper source up to 4 km. We have demonstrated the value of adding geologic and petrophysical constraints to 3D modeling for the purpose of guiding mineral exploration. This is particularly important for the refinement of geologic structures in tectonically complex areas that have lithology units with contrasting magnetic and density characteristics.

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11

Rosener, M., and Y. Géraud. "Using physical properties to understand the porosity network geometry evolution in gradually altered granites in damage zones." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 284, no. 1 (2007): 175–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp284.12.

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12

Martins, Lisa, Alcides Pereira, Alcino Oliveira, Luís F. Sanches Fernandes, and Fernando A. L. Pacheco. "A New Framework for the Management and Radiological Protection of Groundwater Resources: The Implementation of a Portuguese Action Plan for Radon in Drinking Water and Impacts on Human Health." Water 11, no. 4 (April 12, 2019): 760. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11040760.

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In general, this study was developed to assess the radon contamination in groundwater intended for human consumption, to raise awareness among policy-makers to implement a legal framework for drinking water management and the radiological protection of groundwater resources. Thus, we analyzed with parallel coordinate visualization (PCV) plots what features may influence the water–rock interaction and promote high-radon concentrations in water intended for human consumption. The results show that in granitic areas composed by biotite granites (Group V), although there is a higher radon production in the rocks, the radon transfer to groundwater was not effective, mainly due to the physical and chemical properties of the water. The main conclusions show that in all springs sampled (n = 69) for the entire study area, there are only four springs that must have an immediate intervention, and 22 of them are above the limit imposed by the Portuguese legislation. These results are intended to promote a Portuguese Action Plan for Radon that can be framed in the guidelines on the management and protection of groundwater resources.

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13

Fang, Xinyu, Jinyu Xu, Shi Liu, and Haoyu Wang. "Influence of Heating on Tensile Physical-Mechanical Properties of Granite." High Temperature Materials and Processes 38, no. 2019 (February 25, 2019): 505–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2017-0093.

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AbstractHeating procedures dramatically influence the physical-mechanical properties of rock. In this paper, via both numerical simulation and laboratory experiments, we examine the influence of constant temperature period (CTP, from 0.5 to 5 h) and predetermined temperature (PDT, from room temperature to 1,000℃) on the tensile mechanical properties of the Qinling granite, China. Results indicate that: CTP has a significant impact on the tensile mechanical properties of granite. For different PDTs, the density, longitudinal wave velocity (LWV) and tensile strength (TS) of granite decrease with increasing CTP. When CTP reaches the constant temperature turning-point (CTT), heating has fully affected the granite samples. The variation in LWV and TS versus temperature can be divided into four stages: 25–200℃, 200–600℃, 600–800℃ and 800–1,000℃. LWV and TS are negatively related to temperature and are more sensitive to temperature at higher PDTs. In addition, TS is more sensitive to temperature than LWV when PDT increases. The effects of CTP and PDT on LWV are similar to that of TS. Since the measurement of LWV is lossless, researchers can safely determine the appropriate CTP or CTT for any PDT and predict the tensile mechanical properties of rock by LWV analysis.

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14

da Silva, Hieres Vettorazzi, Nuria F. Castro, and Rosana Elisa Coppedê. "Rock Properties versus Blades and Grit Consumption in Granite Multi Blade Sawing Process." Key Engineering Materials 548 (April 2013): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.548.115.

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Among the dimensional stone production processes, block splitting into slabs is very important in terms of time, costs and quality of final products. The world’s leading reference equipment for granite block cutting is the multi blade gang saw, in which sawing is the consequence of the combined action of a set of steel blades settled in an oscillating frame and an abrasive slurry containing water, steel shot and lime or bentonite. As the blades enter the block, stone powder is added to the abrasive slurry and as commercial granites include very different rock types, slurry characteristics also depend on the rock nature. Consequently, parameters of the cutting process have great variability. Depending on those parameters, the steel blades and shot are worn out differently during this process having great influence on costs. Due to its complexity, stone cutting mechanisms are still not well understood but compression, abrasion, impact and stone characteristics seem to influence the most. Aiming to help with the understanding of that process and based on previous studies, this work intends to establish correlations between granite petrographic and technological characteristics and steel blades and shot consumption. Laboratorial studies that include petrographic analysis, physical indexes measurement, and abrasion, impact and compression standardized testing of a selected group of stones are being crossed over with steel blades and steel shot consumption measurements in gang saws from several Brazilian processing companies. Although it is a study in progress, preliminary results show a relationship between the characteristics of selected stones and steel blades and shot consumption within the sawing process. The higher the quartz contents of the rock the higher its abrasion resistance, which results in higher consumption of steel shot during sawing. It can be also pointed out that beyond quartz and k-feldspar contents, microfissures seem to have influence on compression strength of the stones and this strength is directly related to the steel blades consumption. This can allow not only a better understanding of slabs production in multi blade gang saws process, but also to improve that process control.

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15

Kanaya, Hiroshi, and Shigeo Okuma. "Physical properties of Hida granitic rocks in Japan." BULLETIN OF THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF JAPAN 56, no. 9-10 (2005): 303–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.9795/bullgsj.56.303.

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OKUMA, Shigeo, and Hiroshi KANAYA. "Physical properties of Neogene granitic rocks in Japan." BULLETIN OF THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF JAPAN 72, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.9795/bullgsj.72.81.

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17

NAKAYAMA, Yoshihisa, Kazuhiko NISHIDA, Tatsuaki NISHIGATA, and Keiji INOUE. "Liquefaction Characteristics and Physical Properties of Decomposed Granite Soils." Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshu, no. 638 (1999): 207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscej.1999.638_207.

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18

Jung, Moon-Hun, Joo-Ho Lee, and Byung-Hyun Shon. "Changes in the Physical Properties of Granite by Weathering." Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society 10, no. 8 (August 31, 2009): 2026–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2009.10.8.2026.

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19

Begonha, A., and M. A. Sequeira Braga. "Weathering of the Oporto granite: geotechnical and physical properties." CATENA 49, no. 1-2 (August 2002): 57–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0341-8162(02)00016-4.

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20

Shekov, Vitali, and O. Myasnikova. "THE EFFECT OF MICROFRACTURING IN GABBRO-DOLERITES ON THEIR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES." SWS Journal of EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCES 1, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.35603/eps2019/issue2.04.

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Simple and cheap methods for the study of building stone deposits for the production of blocks of commercial size can be used to make geological work more efficient. However, physical processes in a massif are hard to understand when doing geophysical research, and the effect of microstructural parameters, mainly the microfracturing of rocks, on geophysical field indices is poorly understood. The authors have studied the impact of microfracturing on the physico-mechanical properties on coarse- to giant-grained rapakivi granites from the Salmi massif, Fennoscandian Shield. The goal of the present study is to assess the physical and physico-mechanical parameters in fine- and medium-grained quartz-free rocks. The authors have studied the various physical and physico-mechanical indices of gabbro-dolerites from the Ropruchei sill (Fennoscandian Shield, within the deposit prospected and revealed the effect of microfracturing indices on them. The study of these properties have shown that microfracturing in gabbro-dolerites is an essential factor which forms the physical parameters of a rock. The testing of this rock type has shown the rate of travel of an elastic wave is clearly related to the microfracturing of samples. The magnetic properties of gabbro-dolerite are due to high concentrations of titanomagnetite, the mineral grains of which formed upon the crystallization of magma during its interstratal intrusion. The distribution of titanomagnetite, based on size and concentration in the rock, depends on liquation conditions in the active stress field. The dependence of the microfracturing of gabbro-dolerites on their iron concentration (FeO+Fe2O3) shows that these «damages» appeared at a ‘brittle” stage in the evolution of the massif in the form of microfractures, the structural parameters of which have inherited the parameters of the stress and deformation field which existed in the massif at that time and which accumulated iron. As a result, microfracturing has a considerable effect on the parameters of the electromagnetic indices of the massif by accumulating iron oxides in the pores, and the higher the index, the higher the geophysical medium indices. Understanding of the physical problem, which accompanies the formation of a gabbro-dolerite complex, helps conduct the geophysical study of a massif, interpret data more objectively and more accurately delineate massive zones in the medium that could be used as high-quality building materials.

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21

Maqsood, Asghari, Iftikhar Hussain Gul, and M. Anis-ur-Rehman. "Thermal transport properties of granites in the temperature range 253–333 K." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 37, no. 9 (April 15, 2004): 1405–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/37/9/016.

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22

Bosch, Miguel, Maaria Zamora, and Widya Utama. "Lithology discrimination from physical rock properties." GEOPHYSICS 67, no. 2 (March 2002): 573–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1468618.

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The estimation of lithology from multiple geophysical survey methods needs to be addressed to develop advanced tomographic methods. An initial requirement for lithology discrimination is that lithology should be discriminable from the media properties physically related to the geophysical observations. To test this condition for different combinations of the most common crustal rocks, we performed several lithology discrimination exercises on rock samples under laboratory conditions. The physical properties included mass density, compressional velocity, shear velocity, electric conductivity, thermal conductivity, and magnetic susceptibility. A categorical description of the sample lithology was followed; hence, the inference consisted of predicting the sample rock category (lithotype) membership. The joint information provided by the physical properties of the rocks allowed us to discriminate the sample lithotype correctly, with an overall success rate of 100% in the most favorable situation and over 85% in the least favorable situation. We obtained successful classification results for a variety of common lithotypes (granite, gabbro, limestone, tuff, marble, basalt, and gneiss) using three common classification methods: clustering analysis, Gaussian classification, and discriminant analysis. Although discrimination was positive with each of these multivariate classification techniques, discriminant analysis showed some advantages for the classification and graphic analysis of the data. These results support our postulate that lithology can be estimated reliably if multiple geophysical observations are considered jointly.

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23

Freire-Lista, David Martín, and Rafael Fort. "Heritage Stone 4. The Piedra Berroqueña Region: Candidacy for Global Heritage Stone Province Status." Geoscience Canada 43, no. 1 (March 14, 2016): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2015.42.076.

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The Piedra Berroqueña region in the Guadarrama Mountains, part of Spain’s Central Range, supplies most of the construction granite used in Madrid and surrounding provinces. The region’s quarrying towns preserve their granite extraction and hewing traditions. Historic quarries form part of the landscape, as do current extraction sites with huge reserves that guarantee a speedy supply of variously finished dimension stone. Piedra Berroqueña granite has been in use as a construction material since long before Roman times. Many important monuments, including San Lorenzo Royal Monastery at El Escorial (1563−1584), Madrid’s Royal Palace (1738−1764), the Alcalá Gate (1770−1778), the Prado Museum (1785−1808) and Puerta del Sol (one of Madrid’s main squares), owe their good state of preservation to the stone’s petrophysical characteristics and durability. The granite is also found in most of the city’s housing and streets, as well as in modern buildings the world over, such as the airport terminals at Athens and Cork, and the British consulate at Hong Kong. Four major types of monzogranite occur including: biotitic monzogranites containing some cordierite, biotitic monzogranites containing some amphibole, biotitic monzogranites having no cordierite or amphibole, and leucogranites. The petrological, petrophysical and chemical properties of Piedra Berroqueña, which afford it great durability, vary little from one variety to another and depend on the degree of alteration. Physical and chemical characteristics were determined for five granites representative of historic or active quarries in the Piedra Berroqueña region: Alpedrete (monzogranite containing cordierite); Cadalso de los Vidrios (leucogranite); La Cabrera (monzogranite containing amphibole); Colmenar Viejo (monzogranites containing cordierite) and Zarzalejo (monzogranites having no cordierite or amphibole). The Piedra Berroqueña region meets the requirements of a Global Heritage Stone Province, and this paper supports the Piedra Berroqueña region's application for recognition as such. This distinction would enhance public awareness of an area committed to quarrying and working the local stone.RÉSUMÉLa région de Piedra Berroqueña dans les monts de Guadarrama, qui fait partie de la chaine centrale d'Espagne, est la principale source du granite de construction utilisé à Madrid et dans les provinces environnantes. Les agglomérations de la région qui exploitent une carrière conservent leur tradition d’extraction et de taille du granite. Les anciennes carrières font maintenant partie du paysage, comme les sites d'extraction actuels avec d'énormes réserves ce qui garantit un approvisionnement rapide en pierre de taille de fini varié. Le granite de Piedra Berroqueña a été utilisé comme matériau de construction bien avant l'époque romaine. De nombreux monuments importants, y compris le monastère royal de San Lorenzo à l'Escurial (1563–1584), le palais royal de Madrid (1738–1764), la porte d'Alcalá (1770–1778), le musée du Prado (1785–1808) et la Puerta del Sol (une des principales places de Madrid), doivent leur bon état de conservation aux caractéristiques pétrophysiques et à la durabilité de la pierre. Ce granite se retrouve également dans la plupart des habitations et des rues de la ville, ainsi que dans des bâtiments modernes du monde entier, tels que les terminaux de l'aéroport d'Athènes et de Cork, et le consulat britannique à Hong Kong. Il est constitué de quatre grandes classes de monzogranite : des monzogranites à biotite contenant un peu de cordiérite, des monzogranites à biotite contenant un peu d’amphibole, des monzogranites à biotite ne contenant ni cordiérite ni amphibole, et les leucogranites. Les propriétés pétrographiques, pétrophysiques et chimiques des granites de Piedra Berroqueña qui leur assurent une grande durabilité, varient peu d'une variété à l'autre et dépendent du degré d'altération. Les caractéristiques physiques et chimiques ont été déterminées sur cinq granites représentatifs des carrières historiques et actives de la région de Piedra Berroqueña : Alpedrete (monzogranite à cordiérite); Cadalso de los Vidrios (leucogranite); La Cabrera (monzogranite à amphibole); Colmenar Viejo (monzogranite à cordiérite); et Zarzalejo (monzogranite sans cordiérite ni amphibole). La région Piedra Berroqueña répond aux critères d'une Province pétrologique du patrimoine mondial, et le présent article documente la candidature de la région de Piedra Berroqueña à cet effet. Cette distinction permettrait d'améliorer la sensibilisation du public concernant une région spécialisée dans l’extraction et à la taille de la pierre locale. Traduit par le Traducteur

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Pereira, D., L. Neves, A. Pereira, M. Peinado, J. A. Blanco, and J. J. Tejado. "A radiological study of some ornamental stones: the bluish granites from Extremadura (Spain)." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 12, no. 2 (February 17, 2012): 395–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-12-395-2012.

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Abstract. In the area of Trujillo (Extremadura, Spain) we have found a variety of striking bluish and secondary yellow granites outcropping within the Plasenzuela pluton. They are all quarried under different names and are characterized by leucocratic minerals in which a bluish phosphate is dispersed throughout the rock. Their physical and mechanical properties make these granites a perfect option for most applications as ornamental rocks. Within the pluton the radiological background is fairly homogeneous, with no significant differences between the gamma ray fluxes of the different facies. U (6.4 ± 0.51 ppm), Th (2.9 ± 0.47 ppm) and K2O (4.32 ± 0.26%) contents determined in the laboratory by gamma-ray spectrometry from representative samples are in good accordance with fast in situ measurements carried out with the same technique and also with conventional chemical analysis. Estimated activities for K-40, Ra-226 and Th-232 were, on average, 1022 ± 36 Bq kg−1, 84 ± 9 Bq kg−1 and 6.8 ± 1.6 Bq kg−1. On the basis of these results, the I index of EU technical document 112 was determined, with an average result of 0.66 ± 0.03. This suggests that the rock can be used with no restrictions for all types of construction purposes. Striking differences were observed between the blue facies and the yellow facies in radon exhalation tests from crushed material (0.03 Bq kg−1 vs. 0.20 Bq kg−1). Since both granites have similar uranium contents (6.3 ppm and 6.5 ppm, respectively), these results can probably be explained in terms of important differences in the mineralogical distribution of this chemical element, radon emanation being enhanced in the yellow facies. However, due to the ordinary use as ornamental stone, the yellow facies does not present a radiological risk in terms of excess effective dose due to internal exposure to radon.

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Qin, Yan, Hong Tian, Neng-Xiong Xu, and Yu Chen. "Physical and Mechanical Properties of Granite After High-Temperature Treatment." Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering 53, no. 1 (July 22, 2019): 305–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00603-019-01919-0.

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Salati, Luqman Kareem, and Jacob Titilope Adeyemo. "A study on the physical and mechanical properties of a granite outcrop for a quarry at Onikoko community, Oyo State, South-Western Nigeria." Mining of Mineral Deposits 15, no. 1 (2021): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/mining15.01.027.

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Purpose. To investigate the physical and mechanical properties of a granite outcrop for a quarry at Onikoko community in Oyo State, South-Western Nigeria. Methods. Samples of granite rock were collected from the outcrop for the laboratory determination of their physical and mechanical properties required for determining its suitability for construction and engineering purposes, and the desired properties were determined. Findings. Results from the tests conducted on the granite samples indicated the various values of physical and mechanical properties of the outcrop in the study area. The results obtained are found to be within the acceptable international standards. Hence, the granite outcrop is found to be suitable for establishing a quarry in the study area based on the results obtained. Originality.The results in this study have affirmed the fact that granite rocks must possess adequate physical and mechanical characteristics to make them suitable for construction and engineering purposes. The physico-mechanical properties of the granite outcrop evaluated in this study having their values within the international standards attest to high strength cha-racterization of the granite rock. The life span of the proposed quarry is established to be forty years, which is also an indication of rich mineralization of the area. Practical implications. Results of this study can be a useful source of information to potential investors and policy makers for the establishment of a quarry in the study area. Hence, government’s attention can be drawn to the needs of the host community for the provision of basic infrastructures. Keywords: granite outcrop, physical and mechanical properties, quarrying operation

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SUZUKA, Kazuo, Fumio WATANABE, Kyoji FUKUDA, Satoru TAKAHASHI, and Shoji OGAWA. "The Changes of Physical Properties of the Decomposed Granite in Slope." Journal of the Japan Society of Engineering Geology 36, no. 5 (1995): 339–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5110/jjseg.36.339.

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Kožušníková, Alena, Pavel Konecny, Eva Plevova, and Lucie Králová. "Changes of Physical Properties of Silesian Granite Due to Heat Loading." Procedia Engineering 191 (2017): 426–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.05.200.

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Niu, Xirong, Haiyan Xie, Yanfang Sun, and Yangping Yao. "Basic Physical Properties and Mechanical Behavior of Compacted Weathered Granite Soils." International Journal of Geomechanics 17, no. 10 (October 2017): 04017082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)gm.1943-5622.0000983.

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Wang, Xiao-Qiong, Alexandre Schubnel, Jérôme Fortin, Yves Guéguen, and Hong-Kui Ge. "Physical properties and brittle strength of thermally cracked granite under confinement." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 118, no. 12 (December 2013): 6099–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013jb010340.

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Sun, Qiang, and Jianjun Hu. "Effects of heating on some physical properties of granite, Shandong, China." Journal of Applied Geophysics 193 (October 2021): 104410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2021.104410.

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Huang, Juan, Daihua Jiang, Yusong Deng, Shuwen Ding, Chongfa Cai, and Zhigang Huang. "Soil Physicochemical Properties and Fertility Evolution of Permanent Gully during Ecological Restoration in Granite Hilly Region of South China." Forests 12, no. 4 (April 20, 2021): 510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12040510.

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Permanent gullies are a serious type of soil erosion. A special type of permanent gully, called “Benggang” severly affects agricultural production in hilly areas. To reveal the influence of Benggang erosion on granitic soil restoration and fertility, we selected three stages (active, semi-stable and stable) of Benggang recovery in the subtropical granite hilly region, and corresponding soil samples were collected to analyze the spatial variation in the soil physical and chemical qualities in the early stage of recovery. The soil physical properties and nutrients were significantly different in the runoff direction of each Benggang gully. There were significant differences in soil chemical properties and no obvious differences in physical properties among the different Benggang recovery stages. The results of principal component analysis showed that the level of soil fertility in the different Benggang recovery stages, ranked from high to low, was as follows: stable, semi-stable and active. Benggang vegetation restoration was an important factor for soil fertility restoration. Benggang ecological restoration can significantly improve the physicochemical properties and fertility of the soil. However, the soil fertility in gully erosion areas in this study still needs to be improved.

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Mothé Filho, Heitor Fernandes, Helena Polivanov, and Cheila Gonçalves Mothé. "Reciclagem dos resíduos sólidos de rochas ornamentais: the case of waste of the dimension stones." Anuário do Instituto de Geociências 28, no. 2 (January 1, 2005): 139–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.11137/2005_2_139-151.

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Dimension stone industry produces a great amount of effluents, about 200,000 ton/year per solid residue. Espírito Santo State has about 600 companies, and their average consume per industry is around are 10,000 l/ day of water. Those rejects are displaced in decant lagoons, and landfill. In this work was used material provided by marble & granite industry from Cachoeiro de Itapemirim, ES. Those residues were characterized by chemical and mineral composition, physical properties, sintering process, and point load test. The results provided from physical indices and sintering material were compared with the results of commercial granite named in Industry as "granito rosa bavena". Analysis allowed us to get a conclusion about the reject. These analyses showed that reject could be used as a source for ceramic material, with the possibility of choosing for a greater or lower resistance.

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Ku Hamid, Ku Halim, Kamariah Noor Ismail, Adilah Jamaludin, Muhammad Aslam Zainudin, Muhammad Syafiq Md Nasruddin, and Mohibah Musa. "Effect of Calcinations Temperature on Physical Properties of Zeolite ZSM-5 Produced from Natural Granite." Advanced Materials Research 1113 (July 2015): 534–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1113.534.

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The effects of calcinations temperature toward physical properties of ZSM-5 were determined by treatment with different temperature for 24 hour. The main properties of these samples were characterized by means of XRD, FTIR, BET surface area measurement and TGA. The hydrothermal treatments were carried out at various temperature of 200°C-500°C. The content in the natural granite sample were also performed .Throughtout this experiment, from the XRD and FTIR analysis the natural granite samples shows the existing of zeolite component which is SiO2 and aluminium oxide.

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Rostovtsev, Victor. "STUDIES OF TIME CHANGES OF PHYSICAL, MECHANICAL AND ACOUSTIC PROPERTIES OF GRANITE AFTER TREATMENT OF IT BY ACCELERATED ELECTRONS." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 2, no. 4 (2019): 265–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2019-2-4-265-273.

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Previously in works of Chinacal Institute of Mining SB RAS, optimal dose of accelerated electron treatment of granite – 10 kGy is established experimentally, where unconfined compressive strength is reduced from 68.33 MPa up to 35.08 MPa and stress-strain modulus is reduced from 13.19 GPa up to 7.04 GPa. The treatment allows to reduce of destruction energy of granite core-samples by compression from 7.68 up to 3.06 J and crushing energy from 700.42 J up to 470.88 J. Dynamic of time change of mineral components properties after treatment of them by accelerated electrons is important for technological using. Research objective is studying of time change of properties of granite related to deposits of minerals such as Au, Sn, W, Mo, Li, Be, Rb, Bi and others. Carried out complex experimental investigations in the context of granite have shown that velocities of longitudinal and shear waves decrease then increase and decrease again after treatment of granite by beam of high energetic electrons when acquisition dose increases. Obtained regularities of changing of granite properties are related to its defect structure, which is specified with memory of studied rock. The most significant changes in the velocities of the waves in the treated granite core-samples with time flow to 5360 hours after the treatment is observed when value of acquisition dose reaches 10 kGy. Established fact of increasing of the wave velocities from time after the treatment at dose more than 10 kGy can indicate the reduction of defect number and possible consolidation of mineral raw materials. Scientific novelty is establishment of time changes of granite properties and possibility of using of effect of mineral raw material softening during beneficiation.

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Laurinavičius, Mindaugas, Mindaugas Daukšys, and Albertas Klovas. "INFLUENCE OF THE GRANITE SCREENINGS TO THE PROPERTIES OF THE CONCRETE PAVING BLOCKS." Engineering Structures and Technologies 4, no. 3 (October 4, 2012): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/2029882x.2012.729655.

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The research deals with the granite screenings as fine aggregate influence on the technological properties of concrete mixtures and on the physical and mechanical properties and durability of concrete paving. The following several compositions of concrete mixture for the production of environment arrangements are researched: fine aggregate using only 0/2 fraction sand (B1), 10% of 0/2 fraction sand replacing with 0/2 fraction granite screenings (B2) and using only granite screenings (B3). Concrete mixtures were prepared in the laboratory, and concrete paving blocks – in the factory. The technological properties of concrete mixtures and physical and mechanical properties of concrete paving blocks (made from the mentioned concrete mixtures) were determined; the durability of the products in the cycles of frost resistance was forecasted. The research results reveal that due to the properly selected ratio between sand and granite screenings in the fine aggregate, the characteristics of concrete paving blocks are better than using only sand as fine aggregate.

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Tumosa, Mindaugas, Mindaugas Daukšys, and Ernestas Ivanauskas. "THE INFLUENCE OF GRANITE SIFTINGS ON THE PROPERTIES OF CLEAVED SURFACE EXTERIOR CONCRETE BRICKS." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 2, no. 6 (December 31, 2010): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2010.110.

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Research deals with granite siftings as fine aggregate possibilities to be used for manufacturing cleaved surface exterior concrete bricks. The article describes the influence of granite siftings on the technological properties of concrete mixture and on the physical mechanical properties of cleaved surface exterior concrete bricks formed using these mixtures and forecasts product durability. The following several compositions of concrete mixture for producing exterior concrete bricks are composed: using only 0/4 fraction sand (B1) as a fine aggregate, using only 0/2 fraction granite siftings (B2), and 50% of 0/4 fraction sand replacing with 0/2 fraction granite siftings (B3) depending on the volume. The products were formed in metal moulds; at a later stage, they were cleaved in half. The technological properties of concrete mixture and the physical mechanical properties of cleaved surface exterior concrete bricks formed using the above introduced mixtures were tested forecasting product durability. The results of the conducted research reveal that due to the properly selected ratio between sand and granite siftings in the fine aggregate, granite siftings may be used for manufacturing cleaved surface exterior concrete bricks.

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Gautam, P. K., A. K. Verma, M. K. Jha, Pushpendra Sharma, and T. N. Singh. "Effect of high temperature on physical and mechanical properties of Jalore granite." Journal of Applied Geophysics 159 (December 2018): 460–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2018.07.018.

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JOHNSON-MAYNARD, J., M. A. ANDERSON, S. GREEN, and R. C. GRAHAM. "PHYSICAL AND HYDRAULIC PROPERTIES OF WEATHERED GRANITIC ROCK IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA." Soil Science 158, no. 5 (November 1994): 375–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00010694-199411000-00009.

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Khoonphunnarai, Pitchpilai, Phayao Yongsiriwit, Chanyut Fongsuwan, and Murnee Daoh. "Physical Characterization of Rocks in Thung Nui Hot Spring, Satun Province, the South of Thailand." Applied Mechanics and Materials 886 (January 2019): 166–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.886.166.

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In this study, Physical properties of rocks from geothermal reservoir were investigated. To describe rock properties of the selected outcrops, density, radioactivity, and heat production were researched. The obtained density of granite rock from Triassic period and limestone rock from Ordovician period were 2,648±112 kg/m3 and 2,637±96 kg/m3, respectively. Radioactivity of 226Ra 232Th and 40K of granite rock were measured as 109.9±17.2 Bq/kg, 134.2±9.5 Bq/kg, and 1,569.3±75.7 Bq/kg, respectively. For limestone rock, it shows 13.8±6.4 Bq/kg, 23.3±7.7 Bq/kg, and 394.1±117.8 Bq/kg, respectively. After grinding the samples, radioactivity values of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K were measured by gamma spectrometer. It was found that the concentration of 238U, 232Th, and 40K in granite rocks from Triassic period were 8.90 ppm, 33.07 ppm, and 5.06%, and limestone rocks from Ordovician period are 1.11 ppm, 5.73 ppm, and 1.27%, respectively. The physical properties of reservoir rocks giving geological parameter information were necessary to understand geothermal system of the area in this study and to develop renewable energy for the community.

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Bulevičius, Matas, Kazys Petkevičius, and Stasys Čirba. "THE INFLUENCE OF GEOMETRIC PARAMETERS ON STRENGTH PROPERTIES OF THE AGGREGATES USED TO PRODUCE ASPHALT MIXTURES." Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 19, no. 6 (December 24, 2013): 894–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2013.858645.

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Physical and mechanical properties of asphalt mixtures have a significant impact on a condition of fitted pavement, its stability and reliability during the entire period of its operation. These properties not only depend on bituminous binders chosen for an asphalt mixture and properties of mineral filler, but also on geometric and physical properties of the aggregate. An analysis of these indexes showed physical and geometrical indexes of aggregate of different origins (granite, dolomite and gravel). While researching mineral materials used for asphalt mixtures, the values of flakiness and shape index (FI and SI), impact value SZ and Los Angeles coefficient LA were determined. After calculations, the hypotheses for the average of flakiness and shape indexes of researched rocks (granite, dolomite and gravel) and proximity of dispersions were tested in order to determine the authenticity of geometric quality parameters and similarity of their sampling dispersion. Results of statistical data calculations determined a correlation between geometric parameters of researched aggregate FI and SI and geometrical, strength parameters of the aggregate. The hypotheses, whether research data of these indexes were distributed by normal distribution, were tested by drawing frequency histograms of granite, dolomite and gravel flakiness and shape indexes.

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Xiao, He, Li Qing, Chen Hongkai, Tang Hongmei, and Wang Linfeng. "Experimental analysis on physical and mechanical properties of thermal shock damage of granite." Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale 11, no. 39 (December 15, 2016): 181–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3221/igf-esis.39.18.

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Wang, Fei, Thomas Frühwirt, and Heinz Konietzky. "Influence of repeated heating on physical-mechanical properties and damage evolution of granite." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences 136 (December 2020): 104514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2020.104514.

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Chiu, C. F., and Charles W. W. Ng. "Relationships between chemical weathering indices and physical and mechanical properties of decomposed granite." Engineering Geology 179 (September 2014): 76–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2014.06.021.

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45

Costa, Antônio Gilberto. "Heritage Stone 3. Degradation Patterns of Stone Used in Historic Buildings in Brazil." Geoscience Canada 43, no. 1 (March 14, 2016): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2016.43.088.

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Brazil’s heritage buildings were built using different types of natural stone, including sandstone, limestone, quartzite, granite, gneiss, steatite (soapstone) and schist. Historic buildings are located in cities such as Recife, Olinda, Salvador, Rio de Janeiro, Congonhas and Ouro Preto; some are over 300 years old. They show evidence of different alteration and decay processes, with the latter leading to a loss of value because of physical and chemical modifications in intrinsic properties of the natural stones used. Consequently, these buildings function as open-air laboratories, and contribute to the study of deterioration in such monuments. On going investigation of alteration and decay reveals that they are affected by a diverse group of processes that are, in part, influenced by lithological factors. This understanding will contribute to the choice of preservation methods that will be applied in order to arrest degradation.RÉSUMÉLes édifices classés brésiliens ont été batis en roches variées. On a employé des grès, des calcaires, quartzites, granites, gneiss, ainsi que la stéatite et des schistes. Les bâtiments historiques, dont certains ont plus de 300 ans, se trouvent dans des villes comme Recife, Olinda, Salvador, Rio de Janeiro, Congonhas et Ouro Preto. Ils présentent les marques de différents processus d'altération et de deterioration, ce dernier conduisant à une perte de valeur, en raison de modifications physiques et chimiques dans les propriétés intrinsèques des pierres naturelles utilisées. De la sorte, ces bâtiments fonctionnent comme des laboratoires à ciel ouvert et contribuent à l’étude des modalités de dégradation des monuments. L’étude en cours des phénomènes d’altération et de décomposition révèle la diversité des processus en cours et leur relation avec la lithologie. La reconnaissance de ces phénomènes aidera à choisir les méthodes de conservation destinées à bloquer la dégradation.

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Zhang, Fan, Yuhao Zhang, Yudong Yu, Dawei Hu, and Jianfu Shao. "Influence of cooling rate on thermal degradation of physical and mechanical properties of granite." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences 129 (May 2020): 104285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2020.104285.

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McCrea, A. F., R. R. Anand, and R. J. Gilkes. "Mineralogical and physical properties of lateritic pallid zone materials developed from granite and dolerite." Geoderma 47, no. 1-2 (August 1990): 33–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7061(90)90046-c.

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48

Zhu, Zhennan, Hong Tian, Gang Mei, Guosheng Jiang, and Bin Dou. "Experimental investigation on physical and mechanical properties of thermal cycling granite by water cooling." Acta Geotechnica 15, no. 7 (December 6, 2019): 1881–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11440-019-00898-4.

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49

Shi, Xiangchao, Leiyu Gao, Jie Wu, Cheng Zhu, Shuai Chen, and Xiao Zhuo. "Effects of Cyclic Heating and Water Cooling on the Physical Characteristics of Granite." Energies 13, no. 9 (April 29, 2020): 2136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13092136.

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This paper aims to study the effect of cyclic heating and flowing-water cooling conditions on the physical properties of granite. Ultrasonic tests, gas measured porosity, permeability, and microscope observations were conducted on granite after thermal treatment. The results showed that the velocity of P- and S-waves decreased as the number of thermal cycles increased. The porosity increased with the number of the thermal cycles attained at 600 °C, while no apparent changes were observed at 200 and 400 °C. The permeability increased with the increasing number of thermal cycles. Furthermore, microscope observations showed that degradation of the granite after thermal treatment was attributed to a large network of microcracks induced by thermal stress. As the number of thermal cycles increased, the number of transgranular microcracks gradually increased, as well as their length and width. The quantification of microcracks from cast thin section (CTS) images supported the visual observation.

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Santamaría, S. Pavía, and J. R. Bolton. "Laboruntersuchungen zur Wechselwirkung zwischen Mauer· und Ausfugemörtel und den Mauersteinen / Laboratory Studies of the Interaction between Bedding and Pointing Mortars and Building Stones." Restoration of Buildings and Monuments 3, no. 3 (June 1, 1997): 253–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rbm-1997-5181.

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Abstract The physical and chemical properties of bedding and pointing mortars have a major influence on the nature, rate and extent of decay of pointed stonework. Specially designed mortars can prevent physical damage and greatly reduce chemical and biological decay in both the mortars themselves and the adjacent stones. This study describes the physical and chemico-mineralogical changes that occur in a number of different stone-mortar combinations. Three types of mortar were designed and fabricated in the laboratory in accordance with [1,2]. These were examined in combination with Leinster granite, Portland limestone and Baumberger sandstone by exposing standard samples comprised of two pieces of stone 5 cm χ 5 cm χ 5 cm separated by a 5 mm mortar filled joint to artificial ageing tests in a chamber. Thin sections were examined to determine what changes had taken place in the stone and the mortar. The physical properties of the stones and mortars were determined separately. The lime mortar, though chemically well matched with the limestone and sandstone, proved to be unsuitable because of loss of cohesion. The resultant microcracking, detected by pétrographie microscope, appeared to be caused by shrinkage during drying rather than by carbonation or cycling-alteration processes. Granite-lime mortar combinations showed low adherence and decreased durability of the mortar. This effect may be the result of the greatly differing physical properties of the lime mix and granite. The ageing tests revealed a high durability in the cement mixes. The study demonstrated the suitability of cement content mortars with poorly sorted aggregate and plasticiser for bedding and pointing in granite stonework. They also illustrated the need for care with the design of lime mortar mixes to ensure adequate binder-aggregate adhesion.

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