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Journal articles on the topic 'Physical Properties of Stainless Steel Powder'

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Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Nakano, K., T. Anzai, Tomiko Yamaguchi, and Kazumasa Nishio. "Evaluation of Physical Properties on Functionally Graded Piping Joints Made from Cu and Austenitic Stainless Steel Powder." Materials Science Forum 631-632 (October 2009): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.631-632.273.

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Welding materials, that the principal chemical component is nickel, are used usually for the welding between copper and austenitic stainless steels. But many kinds of mechanical or physical properties of welds between two materials will change largely. In this study, Functionally Graded Piping Joints (FGPJ) have been manufactured as an experiment using copper and austenitic stainless steel (SUS304) powder by a process based on HIP. This composition has been confirmed by absorbed electron and characteristics X-ray images of each mixed layer for FGPJ to be uniform or continuous. The following it

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M.A., Omar, Johari N., Ahmad M.A., and Sulaiman M.J. "Microstructure Evolution and Sintering Behaviour of Injection Moulded 316L Stainless Steel Powder." European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology 8, no. 12 (2021): 7–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10653255.

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<strong>ABSTRACT</strong> <em>The present study investigates the sintering characteristics of injection moulded gas atomised 316L stainless steel powder using new developed binder system. Model experiments were conducted with new palm-based biopolymer binder system consists of palm stearin and polypropylene. The feedstocks having 65 vol. % of metal powder were injection moulded into a test bar. A rapid two stage debinding process involving solvent extraction and thermal pyrolysis was successful in removing the palm stearin binder in short time. The specimens were then sintered under vacuum atm

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3

Mahammad Rafter, Murni Faridah, Sufizar Ahmad, and Rosdi Ibrahim. "The Effect of Different Composition of Stainless Steel (SS316L) Foam via Space Holder Method." Advanced Materials Research 1133 (January 2016): 310–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1133.310.

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Stainless Steel materials (SS316L) generally known as a highly wear performance and resistant to corrosion. The purpose in this study is to produce the stainless steel foam and physical properties of sintered 316L stainless steel materials produced by powder metallurgy (P/M) method. In this paper, the method is based on using spherical urea as space holder was investigated. Then, the foams will be given to consider the properties of SS316L foam after sintering process. Powder metallurgy process needs to go through the mixing, pressing, sintering and analysis. The selected compositions of SS316

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Abdullah, Zulaikha, Sufizar Ahmad, Azzura Ismail, and Najeed Ahmed Khan. "Processing of Porous Stainless Steel by Compaction Method Using Egg Shell as Space Holder." Key Engineering Materials 791 (November 2018): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.791.123.

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Development of lightweight materials becomes essential and has been applied for various structural and functional applications in industrial field since last decade. Porous metal can contribute to lightweight material with great mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. In this study, porous stainless steel was fabricated by using powder metallurgy technique and egg shell as a new potential space holder material. Stainless steel 316L was used as metal matrix powder, egg shells as space holder material, and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as binder to increase the green density of the preforms.

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Bozic, Dusan, Miroljub Vilotijevic, Jovana Ruzic, Uros Jovanovic, and Jelena Stasic. "Microstructure and properties of gravity sintered 316l stainless steel powder with nickel boride addition." Science of Sintering 48, no. 3 (2016): 293–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sos1603293b.

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The present work demonstrates a procedure for synthesis of stainless steel powder by gravity sintering method. As an additive to the basic powder, NiB powder was added in the amount of 0.2 - 1.0 wt.%. Gravity sintering was done in vacuum, at the temperatures of 1100?C-1250?C, in the course of 3 - 60 min, using ceramic mould. Structural characterization was conducted by XRD, and microstructural analysis by optical and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Mechanical properties were investigated by tensile tests with steel rings. Density and permeability were determined by standard techniques for

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6

Tan, Koon Tatt, Norhamidi Muhamad, Andanastuti Muchtar, Abu Bakar Sulong, and Yih Shia Kok. "Production of Porous Stainless Steel using the Space Holder Method." Sains Malaysiana 50, no. 2 (2021): 507–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5002-21.

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Metallic foams and porous materials can be produced by various methods. Among the methods that can produce metallic foams and porous materials, powder metallurgy is a promising method. This study investigates the production of a porous stainless steel by the space holder method in powder metallurgy. A novel space holder i.e. glycine and binder consisting of polymethylmethacrylate and stearic acid are used. Different amounts of glycine are added to the mixture of stainless-steel powder and binder. Subsequently, each mixture is cold-pressed at a pressure of 9-ton m-2. The samples are sintered at

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Zainul Abidin Lukman, Irwan Nurdin, and Mohd Shahadan Mohd Suan. "Characterization Of Black Phosphorous Synthesized Via Ball-Milling Technique for The Effect of Milling Media and Time." Journal of Advanced Research in Micro and Nano Engieering 18, no. 1 (2024): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/armne.18.1.113122.

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Black phosphorus (BP), a unique arm-chair structure 2D material named for its distinctive black colour has been known to have intriguing properties include high energy storage and energy band-gap capabilities. BP is synthesized from the red phosphorus by using the ball-milling technique as an alternative to the existing complicated method which involves hazardous white phosphorus, high-temperature, and high-pressure conditions. Hence, we investigated and compared the effects of using alumina, stainless steel, and agate media on BP's physical and structural properties. The effects of milling ti

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Babaev, Artem, Vladimir Promakhov, Nikita Schulz, Artem Semenov, Vladislav Bakhmat, and Alexander Vorozhtsov. "Processes of Physical Treatment of Stainless Steels Obtained by Additive Manufacturing." Metals 12, no. 9 (2022): 1449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12091449.

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With a vista of available stainless steel grades at our disposal, it is possible to manufacture items for a wide range of industries. These include chemicals production, medicine, and pharmacology, aerospace, power engineering, etc. Stainless steels are widely used mostly due to their unique property set, both mechanical and physicochemical ones, achieved by alloying various components. Stainless steel workpieces are usually obtained by melting, alloying, casting, and subsequent rolling to the desired shape. The experience in the study of the microstructure and processes of physical treatment

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Mészáros, István, Bálint Bögre, and Péter János Szabó. "Magnetic and Thermoelectric Detection of Sigma Phase in 2507 Duplex Stainless Steel." Crystals 12, no. 4 (2022): 527. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12040527.

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Duplex stainless steel has significantly broadened the range of applications of stainless steel. They have a dual-phase microstructure containing ferrite and austenite at approximately a 50–50% phase ratio. Their corrosion resistance is much better compared to the traditional austenitic stainless steel, especially in surroundings containing chloride ion. Moreover, the large stress yield of duplex steels offers significant advantages in structural applications. The ferrite phase in some duplex stainless steels is metastable due to its composition. Consequently, the ferrite can decompose to a se

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Tsutsumi, Yusuke, Takuya Ishimoto, Tomoyo Manaka, et al. "Enhancement of Corrosion Resistance and Hardness for Type 420J2 Martensitic Stainless Steel Via Laser Powder Bed Fusion Process." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 13 (2024): 1564. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-02131564mtgabs.

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In the field of materials engineering, physical properties such as mechanical properties are considered as the most important properties, however, chemical properties such as corrosion resistance are also critical properties that cannot be ignored. In particular, Japan is island country where metallic materials are frequently used in coastal areas. Therefore, the problems of failures and accidents caused by corrosion reaction of structural materials are more serious than in other countries. Recently, laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process which is a type of additive manufacturing (AM), has bee

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Arumugham Akilan, Arulselvan, Ravi K. Enneti, Vamsi Krishna Balla, and Sundar V. Atre. "Effects of Hot Isostatic Pressing on the Properties of Laser-Powder Bed Fusion Fabricated Water Atomized 25Cr7Ni Stainless Steel." Lubricants 10, no. 12 (2022): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants10120340.

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25Cr7Ni stainless steel (super duplex stainless steels) exhibits a duplex microstructure of ferrite and austenite, resulting in an excellent combination of high strength and corrosion resistance. However, Laser-Powder Bed Fusion fabrication of a water-atomized 25Cr7Ni stainless steel of novel chemical composition resulted in a purely ferritic microstructure and over 5% porosity. The current study investigated the effects of two hot isostatic pressing parameters on the physical, mechanical, and corrosion properties as well as microstructures of water-atomized 25Cr7Ni stainless steel of novel co

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Saubanova, Liana Yu, Semen V. Diachenko, Valeriya S. Loray, et al. "Gas Atomization of X6CrNiTi18-10 Stainless Steel Powder for Selective Laser Melting Technology." Materials Science Forum 1040 (July 27, 2021): 172–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1040.172.

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Powders of X6CrNiTi18-10 stainless steel were fabricated from original workpieces of different grade by gas atomization method. It was found that it is necessary to use argon as a gas for gas atomization of X6CrNiTi18-10 steel, since the use of nitrogen leads to the formation of its compounds, namely, titanium nitride. It is shown that all used workpieces – electric arc, electric slag and vacuum arc refinement – allow one to obtain powders suitable for further utilization in selective laser melting technology of 3D printing. The main physicochemical and technological properties of the obtained

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Koh, Hwee Kang, James Guo Sheng Moo, Swee Leong Sing, and Wai Yee Yeong. "Use of Fumed Silica Nanostructured Additives in Selective Laser Melting and Fabrication of Steel Matrix Nanocomposites." Materials 15, no. 5 (2022): 1869. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15051869.

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The advancement of additive manufacturing (AM) for metal matrix nanocomposites (MMNCs) is gaining enormous attention due to their potential improvement of physical and mechanical performance. When using nanostructured additives as reinforcements in 3D printed metal composites and with the aid of selective laser melting (SLM), the mechanical properties of the composites can be tailored. The nanostructured additive AEROSIL® fumed silica is both cost-effective and beneficial in the production of MMNCs using SLM. In this study, both hydrophobic and hydrophilic fumed silicas were shown to successfu

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Abdullah, Zulaikha, Sufizar Ahmad, and Murni Faridah Mahammad Rafter. "Characterization of 316L Stainless Steel Foams for Biomedical Applications." Materials Science Forum 840 (January 2016): 231–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.840.231.

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Metal foam is the cellular structures that made from metal and have pores in their structures. Metal foam also known as the porous metals, which express that the structure has a large volume of porosities with the value of up to 0.98 or 0.99. Porous 316L stainless steel was fabricated by powder metallurgy route with the composition of the SS316L metal powder as metallic material, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and Carbamide as the space holder. The powders were mixed in a ball mill at 60 rpm for 10 minutes and the mixtures were put into the mold for the pressing. The samples were uniaxially pressed

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15

Lim Sheng Onn, Lucas, Faiz Ahmad, and Saad Ali. "Physical And Mechanical Properties of Powder Injection Moulded 316l Stainless Steel Titanium-copper Alloy." Platform A Journal of Engineering 9, no. 2 (2025): 53. https://doi.org/10.61762/pajevol9iss2art006.

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316L-Ti-Cu alloy was developed with two variations of copper at 1 vol% and 3 vol% through powder injection moulding to investigate the influence of copper on the alloy. This alloy has not been researched before and is expected to serve as an alternative for implants that possess beneficial antibacterial effects from copper, which can mitigate infection-related issues that occur during orthopaedic surgery. Two sintering environments will be conducted which are under vacuum and under argon-5% hydrogen, to ascertain the optimal properties of the alloy. The main reason behind the different sinteri

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16

Mahammad Rafter, Murni Faridah, Sufizar Ahmad, and Rosdi Ibrahim. "Physical Properties of 316L Stainless Steel (SS316L) Foam with Different Composition by Using Compaction Method." Materials Science Forum 840 (January 2016): 289–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.840.289.

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Nowadays, the 316L stainless steel metal foams (SS316L) have acknowledged important attention in various fields and are required to be used as engineering materials including heat exchange, sound absorption, filtration and others. So, in this study the production of SS316L foams using different composition through compaction method by using a starch powder as space holder was studied. The range of selected composition of SS316L that obtained is between 50 wt% to 60 wt% while the remaining percentages are space holder and binder. The SS316L compact is prepared by mixing SS316L alloy powder, sta

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Muhamad, Norhamidi, Javad Rajabi, Abu Bakar Sulong, Abdolali Fayyaz, and Muhammad Rafi Raza. "Micro Powder Injection Moulding Using Nanosized Powders." Advanced Materials Research 1024 (August 2014): 116–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1024.116.

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Micro powder injection moulding (μPIM) is one of the micro-moulding technology applied today in high-volume fabrication of metal and ceramic micro-components. The current study presents the micro powder injection moulding (µPIM) of 316L Stainless Steel nanopowder-polymer mixtures. 316L SS powders have been blended with a binder system which consists of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG), Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) and Stearic Acid (SA). All the feedstock prepared shows homogeneity and pseudo-plastic behaviour which is suitable for μPIM process. The results showed that increase in nano powder conten

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Shakirov, I. V., Yu M. Markova, and D. M. Anisimov. "Optimal parameters for selective laser melting of various steel powders." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2182, no. 1 (2022): 012079. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2182/1/012079.

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Abstract The data of mechanical testing of samples manufactured by selective laser melting of powders using the EOSINT M270 unit is systematized. Used powder raw materials of a different chemical composition close to common stainless-steel brands. Melting parameters found to obtain a complex of mechanical properties exceeding the characteristics of monolithic samples.

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19

Basir, Al, Abu Bakar Sulong, Nashrah Hani Jamadon, and Norhamidi Muhamad. "Physical Properties of Sintered Stainless Steel 17-4PH Micro-Part Processed by MicroPowder Injection Molding." Jurnal Kejuruteraan 34, no. 6 (2022): 1209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2022-34(6)-21.

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Micro-powder injection molding (μPIM) is a modification of powder injection molding (PIM) process and a globally recognized manufacturing process route that can be used largely to produce sophisticated micro-sized components using a wide range of metals and ceramics. The demand of μPIM process is currently increasing in various applications in telecommunication, electronics, aerospace, biomedical, and automotive industries. In this research work, sintering at three different temperatures between 1250 °C and 1350 °C at a heating rate of 10 °C/min with a dwelling period of 3 h on micro-injection

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Zhi, H. R., H. T. Zhao, Y. F. Zhang, and B. Dampilon. "Microstructure and crystallographic texture of direct energy deposition printed 316L stainless steel." Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures 18, no. 4 (2023): 1293–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/djnb.2023.184.1293.

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The microstructural features and crystallographic texture of 316L stainless steel prepared by direct energy deposition (DED) are studied. The grain size, morphology, grain boundary, misorientation distribution along different direction and mechanical properties are characterized via detailed electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis and Vickers microhardness tester. The DED-built 316L stainless steel exhibits equiaxed cellular and elongated morphology. Only a few number of dislocations are accumulated and entangled near small grain boundary. The sample contains mainly large angle grain

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Shaporenko, L. A., V. V. Pavlov, I. P. Kholodnyi, and V. V. Kiselev. "Properties of a reduced and atomized Kh17N2 stainless steel powder." Soviet Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics 27, no. 3 (1988): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00802586.

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Gnanasekaran, S., G. Padmanaban, V. Balasubramanian, Hemant Kumar, and Shaju K. Albert. "Correlation between Travel Speed, Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Wear Characteristics of Ni-Based Hardfaced Deposits over 316LN Austenitic Stainless Steel." High Temperature Materials and Processes 38, no. 2019 (2019): 16–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2017-0176.

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AbstractLaser hardfacing were produced using a high power Disk laser of 4 kW maximum power as a heat source to melt and bond the Colmonoy-5 powder on to AISI 316 LN stainless steel substrate. Significant difference in melting points between the austenitic stainless steel (ASS) substrate and Ni-based Colmonoy alloy results in substantial dilution of the hardfaced deposit from the substrate. In this present study, the effect of travel speed (TS) on microstructure, microhardness and wear characteristics laser hardfaced deposits were investigated. The phase constitution, microstructure and hardnes

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Rady, Mohamed Ahmed, Patthi Hussain, Nagoor Basha Shaik, and Balaji Bakthavatchalam. "Investigation on the physical properties and diffusion layer phase transformation at the interface of Sialon-Duplex Stainless-Steel bonding." Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences 15, no. 3 (2021): 8450–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/jmes.15.3.2021.21.0665.

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Joining SiALON to duplex stainless steel utilizes the properties of two materials which may provide an opportunity for distinctive applications. Ceramic is hard and operates at a high temperature but it is brittle whereas metal is tough but it can work at a low temperature. The benefits of the best properties of both materials can be utilized by joining them. The objectives of the research work are to investigate the physical properties and the phase transformation at the interface and at the inter-diffusion layer in between the SiAlON and duplex stainless steel. The experiment incorporated ni

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Chang, Hyun Young, Heung Bae Park, Young Sik Kim, Sang Kon Ahn, Kwang Tae Kim, and Yoon Young Jang. "Compatibility Evaluation for Application of Lean Duplex Stainless Steels to Seawater Systems in Nuclear Power Plants." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 382–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.382.

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Lean duplex stainless steels have been developed in Korea for the purpose of being used in the seawater systems of industries. The flow velocity of some part of seawater systems in nuclear power plants is high and damages of components from corrosion are severe. Therefore, this environment requires using high strength and high corrosion resistant steels. The newly developed lean duplex stainless steels STS329LD(20.3Cr-2.2Ni-1.4Mo) and STS329J3L(22.4Cr-5.7Ni-3.6Mo) are evaluated for the compatibility in seawater systems of nuclear power plants. In this study, the physical & mechanical prope

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Nath, Subrata Deb, Gautam Gupta, Martin Kearns, Ozkan Gulsoy, and Sundar V. Atre. "Effects of layer thickness in laser-powder bed fusion of 420 stainless steel." Rapid Prototyping Journal 26, no. 7 (2020): 1197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-10-2019-0279.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate effects of layer thickness on densification, surface morphology, microstructure and mechanical and corrosion properties of 420 stainless steel fabricated by laser-powder bed fusion (L-PBF). Design/methodology/approach Standard specimens were printed at layer thickness of 10, 20 and 30 µm to characterize Archimedes density, surface roughness, tensile strength, elongation, hardness, microstructural phases and corrosion performance in the as-printed and heat-treated condition. Findings Archimedes density slightly increased from 7.67 ± 0.02 to 7.

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Kawakami, Yuji, Fujio Tamai, Takashi Enjoji, Kazuki Takashima, and Masaaki Otsu. "Preparation of Tungsten Carbide/Stainless Steel Functionally Graded Materials by Pulsed Current Sintering." Solid State Phenomena 127 (September 2007): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.127.179.

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In this investigation, functionally graded technique has been applied to prepare tungsten Carbide alloys (WC-Co alloys)-austenitic stainless steel to improve corrosion and wear resistance and reduce their fabrication costs. Two types of specimens were prepared by Pulsed Current Sintering (PCS) method. One is fabricated from WC alloy (WC-20 wt% Co, WC-20 wt% Fe-46Ni) powder and SUS316L stainless steel powder, and is designated “powder / powder process“. The other is fabricated from pre-sintered WC alloy and SUS316L plate, and is designated “bulk / bulk process”. Both types of specimens have fou

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Sn miguel Castro, Juan Carlos, Maria Lara-Banda, Facundo Humberto Estupiñán Lopez, Citlali Gaona Tiburcio, Facundo Almeraya Calderon, and José Ángel Cabral Miramontes. "Wear Resistance of WC-Co Bimodal Coatings Manufactured By HVOF With Different Types of Flames as an Alternative to Hexavalent Chromium for Landing Gears." ECS Transactions 106, no. 1 (2022): 151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10601.0151ecst.

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WC-based coatings are used more frequently for the great properties it provides, one of the most used processes to apply this type of coatings is the thermal spray, which provides a surface finish of great quality, nanostructured powders offer good physical properties and that Muscovites. Bimodal coatings of nanostructured and microstructure powder of WC-Co were made by HVOF thermal spray with modification of the flame type on stainless steel plates AISI 304. The coatings are characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy, hardness analysis, volume losses and the coefficient of frictio

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Soodi, Mehdi, S. H. Masood, and Milan Brandt. "A Study of Laser Cladding with 420 Stainless Steel Powder on the Integrity of the Substrate Metal." Advanced Materials Research 230-232 (May 2011): 949–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.230-232.949.

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Laser cladding is a thermal process for depositing a metallic alloy on to a parent metal to repair corrosion, erosion, wear or other physical damage. The present work studies the effects of the laser cladding process on the integrity of metal substrates and the bond between the cladding layer and the base metal. It also evaluates some physical characteristics of the cladding layer, in this case grade 420 stainless steel. The research compares the work with Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding and concludes that, due to the small size of the heat-affected zone, this laser cladding process does not

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Germain Careau, Sébastien, Bernard Tougas, and Elena Ulate-Kolitsky. "Effect of Direct Powder Forging Process on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructural of Ti-6Al-4V ELI." Materials 14, no. 16 (2021): 4499. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14164499.

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The study of powder metallurgy processing methods for titanium represents a promising avenue that can respond to a growing demand. This work reports the feasibility of direct powder forging (DPF) as a method to process large spherical Ti-6Al-4V powder into wrought products with noteworthy properties and physical characteristics. Direct powder forging is a thermomechanical process that imparts uniaxial loading to an enclosed and uncompacted powder to produce parts of various sizes and shapes. Stainless steel canisters were filled with prealloyed Ti-6Al-4V powder and consolidated through a multi

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Gauthier, Maxime, Aurélien Katz, Antoine Maison, Cristian V. Cojocaru, and Fabrice Bernier. "Effect of hardening heat treatment on the mechanical properties of a 17-4PH stainless steel foam." MRS Advances 3, no. 62 (2018): 3655–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2018.614.

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AbstractThis paper presents the results of a study on the impact of a precipitation hardening treatment on the mechanical properties of 17-4PH stainless steel open-cell foams produced using a powder-metallurgy-based process patented by the National Research Council Canada (NRC). Pre-alloyed powder was used to manufacture stainless steel (SS) foams with either medium or high porosity by changing the nature of the organic binder used to process the porous materials. Some of these were kept in the as-sintered state, while others were submitted to the H900 precipitation hardening treatment frequen

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Omar, Mohd Afian, Noorsyakirah Abdullah, Nurazilah Mohd Zainon, Norazlan Roslani, and Ahmad Hafiz Zulkifly. "Investigation of Biomechanical and Biosafety of Injection Moulded Implant Materials." Advanced Materials Research 879 (January 2014): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.879.79.

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This paper presents the attempt to manufacture metallic implant using medical grade 316L stainless steel alloy powder by MIM process. The powder with the median particle size of 15 μm and a binder consisting of palm stearin and poly ethylene were mixed at 160°C using a sigma-blade mixer for one hour to prepare the feedstock of the test bar. The rheological properties of the feedstock was tested using capillary rheometer. The test bar was injection moulded using vertical injection moulding machine with the nozzle temperature of 200°C. Prior to sintering, the specimens were debound using a combi

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Childs, T. H. C., C. Hauser, and M. Badrossamay. "Selective laser sintering (melting) of stainless and tool steel powders: Experiments and modelling." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 219, no. 4 (2005): 339–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440505x8109.

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When a laser beam scans once across the surface of a metallic powder bed, the resulting track may be continuous with a crescent or an elliptic cross-section, irregularly broken, balled or only partially melted. This paper reports what laser powers and scan speeds lead to what types of track, for a CO2 laser beam focused to 0.55 mm and 1.1 mm diameters, scanning over beds made from M2 and H13 tool steel and 314S-HC stainless steel powders. Beds have been made with particle size ranges from 300 μm to 150 μm, from 150 μm to 75 μm, from 75 μm to 38 μm, and less than 38 μm. Measurements are also re

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Suwanpreecha, Chanun, and Anchalee Manonukul. "A Review on Material Extrusion Additive Manufacturing of Metal and How It Compares with Metal Injection Moulding." Metals 12, no. 3 (2022): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12030429.

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Material extrusion additive manufacturing of metal (metal MEX), which is one of the 3D printing processes, has gained more interests because of its simplicity and economics. Metal MEX process is similar to the conventional metal injection moulding (MIM) process, consisting of feedstock preparation of metal powder and polymer binders, layer-by-layer 3D printing (metal MEX) or injection (MIM) to create green parts, debinding to remove the binders and sintering to create the consolidated metallic parts. Due to the recent rapid development of metal MEX, it is important to review current research w

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Singh, Gurpreet, Yubraj Lamichhane, Amandeep Singh Bhui, Sarabjeet Singh Sidhu, Preetkanwal Singh Bains, and Prabin Mukhiya. "SURFACE MORPHOLOGY AND MICROHARDNESS BEHAVIOR OF 316L IN HAP-PMEDM." Facta Universitatis, Series: Mechanical Engineering 17, no. 3 (2019): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.22190/fume190510040s.

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The development of biomaterials for implants nowadays requires materials with superior mechanical and physical properties for enhanced osseointegration and sustained longevity. This research work was conducted to investigate the influence of nano hydroxyapatite (HAp) powder mixed electrical discharge machining (PMEDM) on surface morphology and microhardness of modified 316L stainless steel surface. The chosen process parameters were discharge current, pulse on/off duration and gap voltage in order to analyze the selected output responses. HAp concentration (15 g/l) along with reverse polarity

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Meghwal, Murlidhar, Chitra Lekhwar, Yogesh Kumar, Vivek Kumar, Rajat Suhag, and Pramod K. Prabhakar. "Modulation of Physical and Thermal Properties in Wild Banana (Musa balbisiana Colla) Seed Powder by Moisture Variations." International Journal of Food Science 2024 (February 22, 2024): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/8846365.

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Engineering and flow properties of banana seed powder as a function of moisture content are important for processing, handling, packaging, and transport processes. The bulk density, tapped density, and porosity increased from 377.37 to 427.36 kg m-3, 622.08 to 746.33 kg m-3, and 38.99-43.74%, respectively, within the increasing moisture content range. The Hausner ratio (Hr) and Carr’s compressibility index (CI) significantly (p<0.05) increased with an increase in moisture content (6.16-19.56% db) of banana seed powder, whereas HR fell in the range of 1.4-2.0, indicating cohesive characteris

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Sandig, E. Frank, Dmitry Chebykin, Valentyna V. Prutchykova, Olga Fabrychnaya, and Olena Volkova. "Review: Possibilities of Steel Scrap Decopperization." Materials Science Forum 959 (June 2019): 145–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.959.145.

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Copper is one of the most common tramp elements in steel scrap. It originates from recycling of copper-alloyed steels, such as weather-resistant construction steel (up to 0.3 mass% Cu) or austenitic stainless steels (up to 3 mass% Cu). In both cases, corrosion resistance is increased. Certainsteels, on the other hand, be alloyed with Cu to influence the Ms point, ductility and/or antiseptic properties. However, copper increases the risk of hot shortness and cold work hardening in low-alloyed steels, which is even more pronounced if Sn is also present in the alloy. Furthermore, Cu is frequently

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Bongao, Harveen, Persia Ada De Yro, Kanwal Chadha, Yuan Tian, and Clodualdo Aranas. "Assessment of Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of 420 Stainless Steel Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion." Solid State Phenomena 337 (October 14, 2022): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-58e275.

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In this work, fabricated samples of additively manufactured 420 stainless steel (420SS) via laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process were analyzed. The microstructural features, grain morphology, crystallographic texture, phase composition, and tensile properties were evaluated for both as-printed and heat-treated conditions. The as-printed condition exhibits a yield strength of 1083 MPa and a tensile elongation of 21.2%. Microstructure analysis revealed that its comparable ductility is due to the presence of 15.2 % of retained austenite. After the successive heat treatment procedure, the yield

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Ramli, Mohd Ikram, Abu Bakar Sulong, Norhamidi Muhamad, et al. "Effect of sintering parameters on physical and mechanical properties of powder injection moulded stainless steel-hydroxyapatite composite." PLOS ONE 13, no. 10 (2018): e0206247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0206247.

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Kumar, Pramod, and Amar Nath Sinha. "Studies on Numerical Simulation of Temperature Distribution in Laser Beam Welding of 304L Austenitic Stainless Steel." International Journal of Manufacturing, Materials, and Mechanical Engineering 9, no. 1 (2019): 30–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijmmme.2019010103.

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A numerical simulation of temperature distribution in laser welding of 304L austenitic stainless steel have been investigated in the present research work. A three-dimensional Gaussian conical moving heat source has been implemented in the present numerical simulation using ANSYS software package. Temperature-dependent thermal physical properties of 304L austenitic stainless steel have been considered, which affects the temperature profile in the weldment. The effect of laser welding process parameters, namely, average beam power, welding speed, and laser spot diameter on weld bead geometry ha

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Woźniak, Anna, and Marcin Adamiak. "Main Defects Observed in Titanium GRADE II and 316L Stainless Steel Elements Obtained by Selective Laser Melting." Solid State Phenomena 308 (July 2020): 33–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.308.33.

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Selective Laser Melting SLM is one of the most popular three dimensional printing methods, which can be used for manufactured real elements (with high geometrical complexity) in many application, such as medicine, automotive or aerospace industries. The SLM final parts are characterized by high mechanical properties and satisfactory physicochemical properties. However, the properties of parts depend of process parameters optimization. In this paper, effects of processing parameters, such as laser power P, scanning speed SP, layer thickness t or point distance PD on defect formation and relativ

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Dutta, Sreya, and Animesh Kundu. "Corrosion Prevention of Stainless Steel in Molten Chloride." Materials Performance 57, no. 11 (2018): 36–39. https://doi.org/10.5006/mp2018_57_11-36.

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Concentrating solar power (CSP) is an efficient way of providing renewable energy but it is still cost-prohibitive. Molten chloride salts can lower the cost of these power plants by pushing their operating temperature ≥720 °C, thereby increasing their efficiency. However, these salts are very corrosive toward the steel alloys used in CSP. An inhibitor package was developed that when added to these salt blends can protect the steel surfaces by formation of a crystalline perovskite layer. Experiments showed that these chloride salt blends had favorable thermo-physical properties at high temperat

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Jo, Yeong Gil, Seung Hwan Lee, Don Hyun Choi, and Minjung Kang. "Characterization of Cold-Sprayed Aluminum-Stainless Steel Dissimilar Laser Welds and Deep Learning-Based Weld Penetration Classification." Journal of Welding and Joining 43, no. 2 (2025): 194–204. https://doi.org/10.5781/jwj.2025.43.2.9.

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Laser welding offers advantages like high speed, narrow seams, and reduced heat-affected zones, but is limited when joining dissimilar materials such as aluminum (Al) and low-carbon steel (Fe) due to differences in physical properties and the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds (IMCs), including FeAl 2 and Fe 2 Al 5 . To address this, cold spray technology propels Fe powder at high velocity to create mechanical bonding, suppress IMC formation, and enhance interface stability. In this study, laser welding was applied to overlapped joints of stainless steel, a cold-sprayed Fe layer, and

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M.A., Omar, Jan N.H.M., and Zulkifly A.H. "Post Corona Architecture Processing of Metallic Implants using Metal Injection Moulding Process: Mechanical Properties, In-vitro and In-vivo Evaluations." European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology 7, no. 11 (2020): 1–6. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10669457.

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<strong>ABSTRACT</strong> This paper presents the attempt to manufacture metallic implants particularly fracture fixation plates for orthopedic applications for commercial purposes by MIM process. Furthermore, the in vitro and in-vivo evaluation also has been conducted. The stainless steel powder with the median particle size of 16 mm and a binder consisting of major fraction of palm stearin and a minor fraction of polyethylene were mixed at 160°C using a sigma-blade mixer for one hour to prepare the feedstock of the fracture fixation plates. The medical implant component was injection mou

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Johari, N. A., F. R. M. Romlay, and W. S. W. Harun. "SS 316L/HA composite via powder injection moulding: Mechanical and physical properties." Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences 13, no. 3 (2019): 5480–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/jmes.13.3.2019.17.0443.

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The bio-active and biological affinity with bony tissue effect of hydroxyapatite (HA) marks as a chosen material for implants application. Uniting HA which has low mechanical properties that limit its application with a higher mechanical property of metallic biomaterial 316L stainless steel (316L) to form a biocomposite have been a solution to produce acceptable mechanical properties for human implant. The 316L/HA biocomposite would have attribute vital to current implant materials, like a low Young’s modulus, high compatibility, and bio-inertness. This study concentrates on investigating the

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Roopa, Seeram. "Experimental Investigation of Similar & Dissimilar Joints on Stainless Steel with TIG & MIG Welded." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 11 (2021): 1831–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.39106.

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Abstract: Now days, most of the structural fabrications possess welded joints that are produced using suitable welding technique. However, the joining of thick plates in a single pass welding is a cumbersome task to many fabricators. Likewise, the selection of welding technique, filler wire and welding condition for the similar and dissimilar welding of several metals is at the development stage. The similar and dissimilar metal joints of have been emerged as a structural material for various industrial applications which provides good combination of mechanical properties like strength, corros

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Seensattayawong, Phanuphak, Pierre Métais-Lagouarde, Sukrit Songkuea, and Anchalee Manonukul. "Comparison of Mechanical and Corrosion Properties for 17-4 PH Stainless Steel Fabricated by Metal Injection Moulding Using Varied Powder Sizes." Chiang Mai Journal of Science 49, no. 1 (2022): 155–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2022.013.

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17-4 PH stainless steel is commonly used in sev eral engineering applications because of the combined good mechanical properties and high corrosion resistance. Metal injection moulding (MIM) was used to fabricate 17-4 PH stainless steel specimen with three mean powder sizes (D50), which are 2.82, 4.04 and 12.65 μm. The rheology of three feedstocks were investigated using melt flow index (MFI) and viscosity analysis. Feedstocks were injected at 170 °C. Injected tensile specimens were sintered at 1325 °C for 2 h in argon atmosphere. Surface roughness (Ra) measurement, relative density measuremen

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Ali, Sadaqat, Muhammad Irfan, Usama Muhammad Niazi, et al. "Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Modified 316L Stainless Steel Alloy for Biomedical Applications Using Powder Metallurgy." Materials 15, no. 8 (2022): 2822. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15082822.

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AISI 316L stainless steel (SS) is one of the extensively used biomaterials to produce implants and medical devices. It provides a low-cost solution with ample mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility compared to its counterpart materials. However, the implants made of this material are subjected to a short life span in human physiological conditions leading to the leaching of metal ions, thus limiting its use as a biomaterial. In this research, the addition of boron, titanium, and niobium with varying concentrations in the SS matrix has been explored. This paper explor

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Eroglu, S., and H. I. Bakan. "Solvent debinding kinetics and sintered properties of injection moulded 316L stainless steel powder." Powder Metallurgy 48, no. 4 (2005): 329–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174329005x66782.

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Fischer, Tim, Leonhard Hitzler, and Ewald Werner. "Morphological and Crystallographic Effects in the Laser Powder-Bed Fused Stainless Steel Microstructure." Crystals 11, no. 6 (2021): 672. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11060672.

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One of the key aspects in additive manufacturing of stainless steels is the relationship between process parameters and the resulting microstructure. The selected process parameters typically cause a rapid solidification of the material, which leads to a microstructure that is highly textured both morphologically and crystallographically. While the morphological texture is characterised by a mainly columnar shape of the grains, the crystallographic texture is marked by a preferred grain orientation in the <001> direction (fibre texture). Due to the texture effects, pronounced anisotropic

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Martínez, Miguel Angel, and Juana Abenojar. "Aluminum and Inorganic Natural Pigment Colored Composites by Powder Metallurgy Forming." Metals 15, no. 1 (2025): 58. https://doi.org/10.3390/met15010058.

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Aluminum powder, along with other powders such as steel or stainless steel, is extensively used in powder metallurgy (PM) to produce complex samples with irregular geometric shapes. PM enables the incorporation of fillers to modify the physical, mechanical, or wear properties of aluminum without melting, thereby preventing phase segregation. The novelty of this work lies in the use of inorganic natural pigments (INPs). The primary goal of this study is to produce colored aluminum samples via PM without compromising their mechanical properties. INPs are first characterized to select those with

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