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Journal articles on the topic 'Physical properties of the fluid'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 February 2022

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1

Liţă, Marin, and Dragoş Buzdugan. "Physical Properties of Magnetorheological Fluid Dampers." Solid State Phenomena 188 (May 2012): 361–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.188.361.

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This paper presents the preparation of magnetorheological fluids (MRF) starting from iron powder in size of 4-6 µm, silicone oil and a few commercial additives. The structure and magnetic properties of iron powder are evaluated by X-rays diffractions and hysteresis curves. The MRFs were selected through gamma radiation transmission, upon the determination of the sedimentation rate in the gravitational field. The dispersion of MRFs particles is presented using the electron transmission microscopy. The magnetorheological behavior in dynamic conditions was tested in a device specially designed for that purpose

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Steele-MacInnis, Matthew, and Craig E. Manning. "Hydrothermal Properties of Geologic Fluids." Elements 16, no. 6 (December 1, 2020): 375–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/gselements.16.6.375.

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Aqueous fluids are critical agents in the geochemical evolution of Earth’s interior. Fluid circulation and fluid–rock reactions in the Earth take place at temperatures ranging from ambient to magmatic, at pressures from ambient to extreme, and involve fluids that range from nearly pure H2O through to complex, multicomponent solutions. Consequently, the physical and chemical properties of hydrothermal fluids vary widely as functions of geologic setting; this variation strongly impacts fluid-driven processes. This issue will focus on the nature of geologic fluids at hydrothermal conditions and how such fluids affect geologic processes in some major settings.

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3

Lloyd, John R., Miquel O. Hayesmichel, and Clark J. Radcliffe. "Internal Organizational Measurement for Control of Magnetorheological Fluid Properties." Journal of Fluids Engineering 129, no. 4 (November 21, 2006): 423–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2436588.

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Magnetorheological (MR) fluids change their physical properties when subjected to a magnetic field. As this change occurs, the specific values of the physical properties are a function of the fluid’s time-varying organization state. This results in a nonlinear, hysteretic, time-varying fluid property response to direct magnetic field excitation. Permeability, resistivity and permittivity changes of MR fluid were investigated and their suitability to indicate the organizational state of the fluid, and thus other transport properties, was determined. High sensitivity of permittivity and resistivity to particle organization and applied field was studied experimentally. The measurable effect of these material properties can be used to implement an MR fluid state sensor.

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4

TAKISHIMA, Shigeki. "Physical Properties for Supercritical Fluid-Aided Polymer Processing." NIPPON GOMU KYOKAISHI 77, no. 10 (2004): 336–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2324/gomu.77.336.

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5

Shaw, Harry. "Muds and mudstones: physical and fluid-flow properties." Continental Shelf Research 21, no. 2 (January 2001): 203–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0278-4343(00)00098-4.

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6

KUBOI, Toshiya, Yanrong LI, and Terumi INAGAKI. "Thermal, physical and chemical properties of magnetic fluid." Proceedings of Conference of Kanto Branch 2019.25 (2019): 19B18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmekanto.2019.25.19b18.

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7

Savolainen, Jari, Timo Fabritius, and Olli Mattila. "Effect of Fluid Physical Properties on the Emulsification." ISIJ International 49, no. 1 (2009): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.49.29.

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8

Aplin, Andrew C., Andrew J. Fleet, and Joe H. S. Macquaker. "Muds and mudstones: physical and fluid-flow properties." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 158, no. 1 (1999): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.1999.158.01.01.

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9

El Hassan, Mouhammad, Hassan H. Assoum, Nikolay Bukharin, Kamel Abed-Meraim, and Anas Sakout. "Investigation of thermo-physical fluid properties effect on binary fluid ejector performance." Energy Reports 6 (February 2020): 287–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2019.11.076.

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10

Qiu, Zhongzhu, Lin Li, Qunzhi Zhu, Ruitang Guo, Yuan Yao, Congcong Wu, Shengnan Li, and Peng Li. "Physical Stability, Rheology, Thermal Conductivity and Optical and Corrosion Properties of a Graphene Quantum Dot Fluid." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 21, no. 10 (October 1, 2021): 5312–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2021.19306.

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Because of their unique and tunable photoluminescence properties, exceptional physicochemical properties, high photostability, biocompatibility and small size, Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have received a lot of attention. However, insufficient investigations have been carried out on GQD fluids. In this paper, the properties of a prepared GQD fluid are studied experimentally, involving the physical stability, rheology, thermal conductivity, optical properties and corrosion characteristics. It is found that a highly physically stable GQD fluid could be easily achieved because the selected GQDs are well dispersed. It is also found that the addition of GQDs had a slight effect on the base fluid viscosity, but it could significantly increase the thermal conductivity of the fluid. In addition, the investigation of the optical properties shows that the GQD fluid exhibited high absorption to sunlight. The transmittance of ultraviolet and near-infrared light is close to zero. In contrast, the transmittance of GQDs to visible light is high at low weight concentrations, but significantly decreases with the increase of the proportion of GQDs. The corrosion characteristics of the copper and carbon steel samples in the selected GQD fluid or deionized water were experimentally investigated. It is found that the selected GQD fluid can greatly accelerate the corrosion of copper. However, nearly the same corrosion rate is observed for carbon steel in the GQD fluid as that in deionized water. The high stability, low viscosity, enhanced thermal conductivity and unique optical and corrosion properties allowed the GQD fluid to have excellent potential for applications in the energy sector.

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11

Hilber, Wolfgang, Stefan Clara, and Bernhard Jakoby. "Sensing Physical Fluid Properties in Microcavities Utilizing Diamagnetic Levitation." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 51, no. 1 (January 2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2014.2358697.

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12

Jang, Daehwan, Dongjo Kim, and Jooho Moon. "Influence of Fluid Physical Properties on Ink-Jet Printability." Langmuir 25, no. 5 (March 3, 2009): 2629–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la900059m.

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13

Heyes, D. M., and H. Okumura. "Some physical properties of the Weeks–Chandler–Andersen fluid." Molecular Simulation 32, no. 1 (January 2006): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08927020500529442.

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14

Suzuki, Shintarou, Terumi Inagaki, Koushi Harada, Yanrong Li, and Noriko Yamauchi. "306 Thermo-physical Properties of Carbon Nano Ttibe Fluid." Proceedings of Ibaraki District Conference 2013.21 (2013): 113–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeibaraki.2013.21.113.

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15

Wandler, Aaron, Brian Evans, and Curtis Link. "AVO as a fluid indicator: A physical modeling study." GEOPHYSICS 72, no. 1 (January 2007): C9—C17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2392817.

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Information on time-lapse changes in seismic amplitude variation with offset (AVO) from a reservoir can be used to optimize production. We designed a scaled physical model experiment to study the AVO response of mixtures of brine, oil, and carbon dioxide at pressures of 0, 1.03, and [Formula: see text]. The small changes in density and velocity for each fluid because of increasing pressure were not detectable and were assumed to lie within the error of the experiment. However, AVO analysis was able to detect changes in the elastic properties between fluids that contained oil and those that did not. When the AVO response was plotted in the AVO intercept-gradient domain, fluids containing oil were clearly separated from fluids not containing oil. This was observed in the AVO response from both the top and base of the fluids in the physical model. We then compared the measured AVO response with the theoretical AVO response given by the Zoeppritz equations. The measured and theoretical AVO intercept responses for the top fluid reflection agree well, although the AVO gradients disagree slightly. For the fluid base reflection, the measured and theoretical responses are in close agreement.

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16

SARRAZIN, JEROME, JEROME CLARACQ, and JEAN-PIERRE MONTFORT. "PHYSICAL MODELING OF DAMPING CHARACTERISTICS OF MR FLUIDS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 16, no. 17n18 (July 20, 2002): 2704–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979202012876.

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The behavior of MR fluids involved in industrial devices is often modeled by analogical models which do no link the parameters with the physical properties of the fluid. From the equations of fluid mechanics, we give a physical meaning to parameters such as friction, elastic and mass coefficients used in the mentioned models. The predictions are checked with experimental data which mimic the behavior of devices such as antiseismic systems. The viscoelastic behavior of MR fluids is characterized by mechanical spectroscopy. The complex shear modulus G *(ω) contains all the information about the restoring and viscous forces. For example, the relation between elastic modulus, yield stress and magnetic force is discussed in terms of strain amplitude.

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17

Yun, Mei Juan. "Fractal Analysis of Effective Permeability for Meter Fluid." Applied Mechanics and Materials 331 (July 2013): 181–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.331.181.

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The Meter fluid is the representative fluid which may be reduced to the Reiner-Philippoff, Ellis and Newtonian fluids in appropriate conditions. Fractal models for flow rate, velocity and effective permeability for Meter fluid in a capillary are proposed based on the fractal properties of tortuous capillary. There are no empirical constant and all parameters in the proposed expressions have clear physical meaning. The proposed models are expressed as functions of relate the properties of Meter fluid to the structural parameters of fractal capillary. It is shown that the effective permeability increases with the increase of pressure gradient and decreases with the increase of tortuosity fractal dimension. The analytical expressions help to reveal the physical principles for Meter and other non-Newtonian fluid flow.

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18

DANJO, Kazumi, Mitsuru ITO, and Akinobu OTSUKA. "Influence of Granulating Fluid Properties on Physical Properties of Kneading Mass and Granules." CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN 40, no. 6 (1992): 1540–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/cpb.40.1540.

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19

Amelar, Richard D. "The physical properties of seminal fluid-reproducibility and intrasubject variation?" Fertility and Sterility 84, no. 6 (December 2005): 1798. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.09.003.

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20

Singh, U. P., Amit Medhavi, R. S. Gupta, and Siddharth Shankar Bhatt. "Analysis of Peristaltic Transport of Non-Newtonian Fluids Through Nonuniform Tubes: Rabinowitsch Fluid Model." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 72, no. 7 (July 26, 2017): 601–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2017-0033.

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AbstractPeristaltic transport is an important mechanism of physiological phenomenon and peristaltic pumps. With the advancement of medical science, it has been established that the physiological fluids do not behave like Newtonian fluids. Therefore, in order to understand the behaviour and properties of physiological fluids during peristalsis, selection of appropriate fluid model is of great importance. In the present investigation, properties of peristaltic transport through nonuniform tube have been studied for non-Newtonian fluids using Rabinowitsch fluid model. Theoretical analysis has been presented for long wavelength and low Reynolds number approximation. To analyse various properties of the flow, analytical expressions for velocity, pressure gradient, pressure rise, friction force, and temperature have been obtained. The numerical results for the same have been obtained to present the effect of various physical and flow parameters on fluid velocity, pressure rise, friction force, and temperature. Significant variation of these properties has been observed in the analysis for non-Newtonian nature of the fluid and nonuniformity of the tube.

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21

Periasamy, Manikandan, and Rajoo Baskar. "Studies on thermo physical property variations of graphene nanoparticle suspended ethylene glycol/water." Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly, no. 00 (2020): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ciceq200504036p.

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The objective of the study is to determine the thermo physical property variations (such as viscosity, density, specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity) of graphene suspended base fluid (Ethylene Glycol (EG) /Water (W)), with respect to graphene nanoparticle concentration and hot fluid inlet temperature. Graphene nanoparticle concentrations (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1 volume %) and the base fluid of 30:70 volume % of EG: Water is prepared initially. The impact of graphene nano particle addition on base fluids based on experimentation in the commercial plate heat exchanger was studied. In this experiment, the hot fluid inlet temperature was varied at 55? C, 65? C and 75? C. The experimental results of thermo physical properties were compared with the selected models proposed in the literature. Einstein (1956); Kitano (1981); and Bachelor models (1977) have been used to consider the effect of viscosity. The measured density and Specific heat capacity was validated with Pak and Cho and Xuan model respectively. To consider the effect of thermal conductivity, three different models (Maxwell, 1954; Vajjah, 2010; and Sahoo, 2012) have been used. Study revealed that the thermo physical properties of base fluid significantly affects with the graphene nanoparticle suspension.

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22

Laesecke, A., R. Krauss, K. Stephan, and W. Wagner. "Transport Properties of Fluid Oxygen." Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data 19, no. 5 (September 1990): 1089–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.555863.

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23

Jahangir, Muhammad Ahmar, Aamir Shehzad, Masood Sadiq Butt, and Shahid Bashir. "Influence of supercritical fluid extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum bark on physical, bioactive and sensory properties of innovative cinnamaldehyde-enriched chocolates." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 36, No. 1 (February 28, 2018): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/237/2016-cjfs.

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In the current investigation, the potential utility of cinnamaldehyde obtained from cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) bark powder in enhancing the antioxidant capacity of dark chocolates was evaluated. To this end, the effects of conventional solvent extracts (CSE) and supercritical fluid extracts (SFE) on total phenolic contents, physical and sensory attributes of cinnamaldehyde-enriched chocolates were determined over the course of 60 days of storage. The addition of 0.5% nutraceutical<sub>SFE</sub> and 1% nutraceutical<sub>CSE</sub> extracts significantly increased the total phenolic contents of the chocolates to 15.62 ± 0.35 mg GAE/g and 13.31 ± 0.26 mg GAE/g in T<sub>2</sub> and T<sub>1</sub>, respectively. In terms of texture (hardness), 0.5% extract resulted in softer chocolates (64.87 ± 2.41 N) as compared to the control (70.91 ± 2.83 N). At storage termination, colorimetric results revealed a whitening of the chocolate surface that resulted in incremental increases in L* and b*, whereas a* exhibited a declining trend. Moreover, the sensory results showed a better hedonic response for the enriched products. Taken together, cinnamaldehyde enrichment is beneficial for both the functional as well as oxidative stability of chocolates. Chocolate, as the most commonly craved food product, is gaining much attention from the manufactures as a potential vehicle for the delivery of functional health benefits. In this study, we used cinnamaldehyde and maltitol (sugar replacer) to prepare functional chocolates with a special emphasis on diabetic patients, an approach that will open new horizons for innovative product development. We also optimised and characterised the extraction conditions for bioactive components using green extraction technology, i.e. a supercritical fluid extraction technique which is cost-effective and environmentally friendly.

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24

Levterov, Anton, and Kseniya Umerenkova. "Calculated Evaluation of the Thermal Physical Properties of Nitrogen as a Working Fluid of Cryogenic Piston Engines. Heat Conductivity Calculation." Journal of Mechanical Engineering 22, no. 1 (March 31, 2019): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/pmach2019.01.076.

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25

Pereira, Marina Seixas, Ronaldo de Andrade Martins, André Leibsohn Martins, Marcos Antônio de Souza Barrozo, and Carlos Henrique Ataíde. "Physical Properties of Cuttings, Drilling Fluid and Organic Phase Recovered in the Drying Operation in Oil and Gas Well Drilling." Materials Science Forum 802 (December 2014): 262–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.802.262.

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Oil companies have increasingly invested in alternative technologies for cuttings treatment. The research for new operations or equipments leads to investigate the properties and characteristics of drilled cuttings and drilling fluids. This work presents the physical characterization of cuttings, drilling fluid and organic phase recoved after cuttings drying. It was carried out analysis of rheology for the drilling fluid and particle size and shape for the cuttings. Considering the microwave drying technology, which has been investigated for cuttings treatment, it was also determined the dielectric properties for the drilling fluid. The quality of the organic phase recovered in the microwave cuttings drying was also analysed.

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26

Yasappan, Justine, Ángela Jiménez-Casas, and Mario Castro. "Asymptotic Behavior of a Viscoelastic Fluid in a Closed Loop Thermosyphon: Physical Derivation, Asymptotic Analysis, and Numerical Experiments." Abstract and Applied Analysis 2013 (2013): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/748683.

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Fluids subject to thermal gradients produce complex behaviors that arise from the competition with gravitational effects. Although such sort of systems have been widely studied in the literature for simple (Newtonian) fluids, the behavior of viscoelastic fluids has not been explored thus far. We present a theoretical study of the dynamics of a Maxwell viscoelastic fluid in a closed-loop thermosyphon. This sort of fluid presents elastic-like behavior and memory effects. We study the asymptotic properties of the fluid inside the thermosyphon and the exact equations of motion in the inertial manifold that characterizes the asymptotic behavior. We derive, for the first time, the mathematical derivations of the motion of a viscoelastic fluid in the interior of a closed-loop thermosyphon under the effects of natural convection and a given external temperature gradient.

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27

Kariyama, Ibrahim Denka, Xiaodong Zhai, and Binxin Wu. "Physical and Rheological Properties of Animal Manure: A Review." Transactions of the ASABE 61, no. 3 (2018): 1113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.12768.

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Abstract. This literature review was conducted on the physical and rheological properties of animal manure slurries and their applications. The review revealed the importance of these properties in the design of anaerobic treatment plants, pipe systems to transport slurries to treatment and storage units, and other applications and management of raw and treated slurries. The selection of pumping and mixing equipment and their power requirements, the flow behavior, mass, and heat transfer, the quality of mixing, pressure head loss, and other applications of manure slurries are affected by the physical and rheological properties. The review shows that manure slurries generally exhibit non-Newtonian pseudoplastic fluid behavior with a decreasing apparent viscosity as the shear rate increases and that the power law equation can successfully be used to describe the relationship between shear stress and shear rate, especially for low total solids concentrations. Keywords: Animal manure slurries, Apparent viscosity, Non-Newtonian pseudoplastic fluids, Power law equation, Rheological properties.

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28

Zahermand, Samad, Mahmod Vafaeian, and Mohammad Hosein Bazyar. "Analysis of the physical and chemical properties of soil contaminated with oily (petroleum) hydrocarbons." Earth Sciences Research Journal 24, no. 2 (April 1, 2020): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/esrj.v24n2.76217.

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This paper is focused on analyzing the engineering properties and geotechnical changes of the soil contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbons, compared to non-contaminated soil. Also, identifying the physical and chemical behaviors and the interaction mechanisms between soil and contaminants at the time of contamination is far-reaching. This study aims to investigate the effects of petroleum contaminants on Atterberg limits, cation-exchange capacity, electrical conductivity and acidity, maximum dry density, and optimum moisture content of clay soil compared to non-contaminated samples with similar geological conditions in Gachsaran petroleum refinery region. The significant effects of contaminants on clay soil include an increase in cation-exchange capacity and electrical conductivity, but a decrease in acidity compared to non-contaminated samples. The results of the Atterberg limit as a physical index of the soil showed an increase in the petroleum hydrocarbon concentration, which enhanced the plastic and liquid limits, but decreased the plasticity index. The results of compaction tests using water and oil fluids indicated that the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons in sandy soil increased maximum dry density and decreased optimum moisture content. Moreover, in a soil sample with stable pollution levels, maximum dry density and optimum moisture content were higher and lower in the compaction test using water fluid compared to those in compaction tests using oil fluid, respectively. Finally, increasing the soil pollution level reduced the difference between maximum dry density and the optimum moisture content in the compaction test using water fluid compared to the same test using oil fluid.

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29

Li, Huayu, and Hyungson Ki. "Lattice Boltzmann simulation of weakly ionized plasmas and fluid flows using physical properties of fluids." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 42, no. 15 (March 24, 2009): 155501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/42/15/155501.

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30

Sedunov, Boris I. "Structural Transition in Supercritical Fluids." Journal of Thermodynamics 2011 (October 10, 2011): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/194353.

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The extension of the saturation curve on the PT diagram in the supercritical region for a number of monocomponent supercritical fluids by peak values for different thermophysical properties, such as heat capacities and and compressibility has been studied. These peaks signal about some sort of fluid structural transition in the supercritical region. Different methods give similar but progressively diverging curves for this transition. The zone of temperatures and pressures near these curves can be named as the zone of the fluid structural transition. The outstanding properties of supercritical fluids in this zone help to understand the physical sense of the fluid structural transition.

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31

Göttler, Chantal, Guillermo Amador, Thomas van de Kamp, Marcus Zuber, Lisa Böhler, Roland Siegwart, and Metin Sitti. "Fluid mechanics and rheology of the jumping spider body fluid." Soft Matter 17, no. 22 (2021): 5532–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1sm00338k.

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We studied the flow and physical properties of the hydraulic body fluid of spiders. Our results suggest that this fluid, which drives leg extension, is shear-thinning. This interesting characteristic could inspire hydraulic systems for soft-robotics.

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32

Yao, Makoto. "Electronic Properties of Expanded Fluid Mercury." Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie 184, Part_1_2 (January 1994): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1524/zpch.1994.184.part_1_2.073.

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33

Mihalčová, Janka, and Peter Šmeringai. "Ensuring the Reliability of an Aircraft Engine Hydraulic System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 616 (August 2014): 126–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.616.126.

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The article deals with the issue of ensuring the reliability of aircraft engines operation via hydraulic fluids properties monitoring. There are presented the results of the hydraulic fluid Aero Shell Fluid 41 (ASF 41) properties evaluation in the hydraulic system of a double-flow turbosupercharged aircraft engine AI-25TL. In the hydraulic fluid, there were observed the quantity and distribution of mechanical particles according to their size in accordance with the ISO Cleanliness Code, ISO 4406.There was also determined kinematic viscosity according to the standard EN ISO 3104+AC. FTIR analysis of the infrared spectrum was used to determine the degradation degree of the hydraulic fluid physical-chemical properties.

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34

Jablonický, Juraj, Mirko Simikić, Juraj Tulík, Milan Tomić, Ľubomír Hujo, and Ján Kosiba. "Monitoring of Selected Physical and Chemical Parameters of Test Oil in the Wet Disc Brake System." Acta Technologica Agriculturae 23, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ata-2020-0008.

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AbstractPaper presented is focused on the operating measurements of a tractor wet disc brake system. Operating measurements were evaluated after tractor’s operation at 500 Mth on the 3rd, 4th and 5th gear. Reference fluid and ecological fluid were tested during operation. In addition, work results include the evaluation of the fluid samples taken during the operational tests to monitor the tractor braking performance with wet disc brakes. Fluid samples were also tested in order to determine the changes in their physico-chemical properties. Chemical analysis was performed for both oil samples by means of X-ray fluorescence analysis according to the DIN 51829 and DIN 51399-2. Observed physical properties of the tested oils – density, viscosity, acid number, water content – were within the appropriate ranges after the end of test. Further analysis was focused on an amount of abrasive metals, contaminants, additives, and other important elements. On the basis of analyses conducted, it can be concluded that majority of elements preserved their original level showed at the 0 reference hour sample. In terms of the abrasion metals, an increase in their presence was not found. Furthermore, analysis of the physical properties of tested fluids did not prove their negative impact on the tractor wet disc brake system. Results of the operating measurements suggest that neither the applied conference fluid nor the ecological fluid showed negative effect on the minimum braking value. The minimum braking deceleration was implemented in accordance with the Law no. 106/2018.

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35

Slobodian, N. B., and V. Ya Grudz. "The Effect of Physical Properties of Fluids on the Process of Purifying the Main Gas Pipeline from Liquid Pollutants." Prospecting and Development of Oil and Gas Fields, no. 1(74) (March 31, 2020): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/1993-9973-2020-1(74)-89-95.

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The article deals with modern technical methods of improving the efficiency of gas pipelines cleaning. The most effective method of improving the efficiency of a gas pipeline is its periodical cleaning with mechanical treating units. In practice, a large number of cleaning pistons of various technological designs are used. Regardless of the design, none of them can completely remove the fluid accumulations. The reason for the decrease in efficiency is the presence of fluid in the cavity of the pipeline. The fluid can be of two types – high-viscosity resinous deposits and low-viscosity liquid deposits. When moving, they perform the role of local resistance. The type of the main gas pipeline purification process is largely determined by the physical properties of the fluid which is being displaced. The authors specify the functional dependence of the velocity distribution in the pipe cross-section while displacing the Newtonian fluid, as well as the value of the initial pressure of the liquid phase on the cleaning piston. The interaction of a purifying device with fluid accumulations having different physical properties is investigated. The authors develop the algorithm of calculating the volume of the flows over a moving boundary into a back-piston space, in relation to their velocity. The dependence of the volume of fluid flows caused by hydraulic shock for Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids is composed. Based on the calculations, the authors plot the graphical dependence of the correction coefficient on the ratio of dynamic viscosity to the degree of consistency, as well as the dependence of the total flow rate on the speed of movement of the cleaning unit. The formula for calculating the correction coefficient is obtained. The article presents the results of calculating the value of the correction coefficient which takes into account the rheological properties of the fluid. In relation to the properties and rheology of the non-Newtonian fluid, the authors determine the optimal velocity of a treating unit.

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36

NAKAMURA, Michihiko. "Special issue “Physical and transport properties of fluid-bearing rocks” Preface." Japanese Magazine of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences 39, no. 6 (2010): 197–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2465/gkk.101120.

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37

Yoshida, Tomoji, Kazuishi Sato, and Toshio Kondo. "Blood-mimicking fluid using glycols aqueous solution and their physical properties." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 53, no. 7S (June 4, 2014): 07KF01. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/jjap.53.07kf01.

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38

Smith, C. F., P. E. Sojka, and J. M. Thames. "The Influence of Fluid Physical Properties on Coal-Water Slurry Atomization." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 112, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906470.

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This study reports the atomization behavior of coal-water slurries (CWS) at conditions typical of a gas turbine combustor. Slurry atomization characteristics were determined for a plain-jet airblast research nozzle and six slurries. Atomization quality is reported in terms of the spray’s Sauter mean diameter (SMD) and the radial distribution of fuel mass flux (patternization). The drop size data demonstrate that SMD can be predicted from a knowledge of slurry velocity, the relative velocity between the airblast air and the slurry, the air-to-fuel mass flow ratio (AFR), and the slurry rheology. Slurry rheology is represented here by a power law expression.

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Kumar, Rajan, and Shripad P. Mahulikar. "Physical Effects of Variable Fluid Properties on Laminar Gas Microconvective Flow." Heat Transfer-Asian Research 46, no. 7 (February 7, 2017): 1029–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/htj.21256.

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Gibson, Richard G. "Physical character and fluid-flow properties of sandstone-derived fault zones." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 127, no. 1 (1998): 83–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.1998.127.01.07.

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Mikhailichenko, Vladimir V., and Andrey S. Esipov. "Reply: The physical properties of seminal fluid-reproducibility and intrasubject variation?" Fertility and Sterility 84, no. 6 (December 2005): 1799. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.09.004.

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Ghanbari, Mina, and Ghader Rezazadeh. "An electrostatically actuated microsensor for determination of micropolar fluid physical properties." Meccanica 55, no. 11 (October 14, 2020): 2091–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11012-020-01242-x.

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Niedermayer, A. O., T. Voglhuber-Brunnmaier, F. Feichtinger, M. Heinisch, and B. Jakoby. "Monitoring Physical Fluid Properties Using a Piezoelectric Tuning Fork Resonant Sensor." BHM Berg- und Hüttenmännische Monatshefte 161, no. 11 (November 2016): 510–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00501-016-0540-0.

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Li, Yan Rong, Terumi Inagaki, Hikaru Saito, and Masashi Abe. "Thermo-Physical Properties of Magnetic Fluid and its Natural Convection Heat Transfer in a Horizontal Enclosed Rectangular Container." Applied Mechanics and Materials 620 (August 2014): 461–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.620.461.

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Thermo-physical properties of magnetic fluid were measured experimentally at various temperatures, in order to evaluate their temperature dependencies. Heat transfer by natural convection was also investigated in a horizontal enclosed rectangular container filled with the tested magnetic fluid. It was found that the heat transfer coefficient of the magnetic fluid keeps good agreement with the conventional heat-transfer correlation of natural convection heat transfer in a horizontal enclosed rectangular container by applying the values of thermo-physical properties obtained in the present work. Therefore, the measured thermo-physical properties are reliable and can be used as a thermo-physical database of the magnetic fluid.

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Fedosova, N. I., N. L. Cheremshenko, K. I. Hetman, T. V. Symchych, A. V. Chumak, V. O. Shliahovenko, I. M. Voyeykova, and G. V. Didenko. "Physical-Chemical and Cytotoxic Properties of Bacillus subtilis IMV B-7724 Extracellular Lectin." Mikrobiolohichnyi Zhurnal 83, no. 1 (February 17, 2021): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/microbiolj83.01.039.

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Aim. To study the chemical composition, sugar specificity and physicochemical properties of the extracellular lectin isolated from Bacillus subtilis ІМV В-7724. Methods. Biochemical, spectrophotometric, immunological and cultural methods were used to assess the physicochemical and a number of biological properties of lectin isolated from the culture fluid of bacteria B. subtilis ІМV В-7724. Molecular weight of the lectin was estimated in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Analysis of the elemental composition was done using Perkin-Elmer 2400 CHNS analyzer. Temperature and pH stability of lectin were examined based on residual hemagglutination activity of the lectin. Cytotoxic activity was determined by the MTT-assay. The statistical analysis was made using Student’s t-test. Results. B. subtilis IMV B-7724 lectin is a glycoprotein (protein – 86.0%, carbohydrates – 7.0%) with molecular weight of 18–20 kDa (major). Analysis of the elemental composition revealed that it contains 34.00% of carbon, 7.04% of hydrogen, 16.61% of nitrogen, 42.35% of oxygen. Amino acid composition analysis determined that it is rich in leucine, tyrosine and phenylalanine. The lectin exhibited high sugar-binding specificity toward N-acetylneuraminic and N-glycolylneuraminic acids (minimal inhibitory concentration – 0.3 mM for both sugars). The lectin is heat and acid stable, has long shelf life. Conclusions. These results provide the rationale to pursue further investigation for possible ways and modes of B. subtilis IMB B-7724 lectin application in clinical settings.

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Manzhai, V. N., A. A. Milke, and D. A. Zubarev. "Calculation of the rate of bulk fluid flow by exponential and logarithmic expressions." Oil and Gas Studies, no. 4 (September 4, 2020): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31660/0445-0108-2020-4-77-87.

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A formula is presented to calculate the rate of bulk fluid flow in accord with hydrodynamic flow parameters and physical-chemical characteristics of pumping fluids. The formula was derived based on a model knowledge of fluid flow as a continuous sequence of strains — rotations of fluid fragments by the action of shear stress. Laboratory testing of volumetric flow rate depending on the hydrodynamic flow parameters and physical-chemical properties of liquids performed on a turbulent rheometer and as working fluids used ethanol and gasoline. The power and logarithmic dependences of the volume velocity were also checked using real data from the operation of oilfield pipelines. The results obtained satisfactory agree with the calculated data.

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Dirks, Jan-Henning. "Physical principles of fluid-mediated insect attachment - Shouldn’t insects slip?" Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 5 (July 28, 2014): 1160–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.5.127.

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Insects use either hairy or smooth adhesive pads to safely adhere to various kinds of surfaces. Although the two types of adhesive pads are morphologically different, they both form contact with the substrate via a thin layer of adhesive fluid. To model adhesion and friction forces generated by insect footpads often a simple “wet adhesion” model is used, in which two flat undeformable substrates are separated by a continuous layer of fluid. This review summarizes the key physical and tribological principles that determine the adhesion and friction in such a model. Interestingly, such a simple wet-adhesion model falls short in explaining several features of insect adhesion. For example, it cannot predict the observed high static friction forces of the insects, which enable them to cling to vertical smooth substrates without sliding. When taking a closer look at the “classic” attachment model, one can see that it is based on several simplifications, such as rigid surfaces or continuous layers of Newtonian fluids. Recent experiments show that these assumptions are not valid in many cases of insect adhesion. Future tribological models for insect adhesion thus need to incorporate deformable adhesive pads, non-Newtonian properties of the adhesive fluid and/or partially “dry” or solid-like contact between the pad and the substrate.

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Armitage, David W. "Bacteria facilitate prey retention by the pitcher plant Darlingtonia californica." Biology Letters 12, no. 11 (November 2016): 20160577. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2016.0577.

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Bacteria are hypothesized to provide a variety of beneficial functions to plants. Many carnivorous pitcher plants, for example, rely on bacteria for digestion of captured prey. This bacterial community may also be responsible for the low surface tensions commonly observed in pitcher plant digestive fluids, which might facilitate prey capture. I tested this hypothesis by comparing the physical properties of natural pitcher fluid from the pitcher plant Darlingtonia californica and cultured ‘artificial’ pitcher fluids and tested these fluids' prey retention capabilities. I found that cultures of pitcher leaves' bacterial communities had similar physical properties to raw pitcher fluids. These properties facilitated the retention of insects by both fluids and hint at a previously undescribed class of plant–microbe interaction.

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Zhang, Ke. "The fluid gels: A research review." E3S Web of Conferences 213 (2020): 01015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021301015.

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Fluid gels were formed during the sol-gel transition of biological polysaccharide, which were damaged by the shear field and fails to form a static gel network, and the resulting suspension of gel particles were also called shear gel. Modern food design usually requires both deliciousness and health. The special physical properties of fluid gels allow foods with reduced sugar and salt to maintain good texture and physical properties, so they are of great significance in modern product design. This article reviewed the preparation and latest research progress of fluid gels. It demonstrated their unique application prospects for the modern food industry.

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Eggenhuisen, Joris T., Matthieu J. B. Cartigny, and Jan de Leeuw. "Physical theory for near-bed turbulent particle suspension capacity." Earth Surface Dynamics 5, no. 2 (May 17, 2017): 269–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurf-5-269-2017.

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Abstract. The inability to capture the physics of solid-particle suspension in turbulent fluids in simple formulas is holding back the application of multiphase fluid dynamics techniques to many practical problems in nature and society involving particle suspension. We present a force balance approach to particle suspension in the region near no-slip frictional boundaries of turbulent flows. The force balance parameter Γ contains gravity and buoyancy acting on the sediment and vertical turbulent fluid forces; it includes universal turbulent flow scales and material properties of the fluid and particles only. Comparison to measurements shows that Γ = 1 gives the upper limit of observed suspended particle concentrations in a broad range of flume experiments and field settings. The condition of Γ > 1 coincides with the complete suppression of coherent turbulent structures near the boundary in direct numerical simulations of sediment-laden turbulent flow. Γ thus captures the maximum amount of sediment that can be contained in suspension at the base of turbulent flow, and it can be regarded as a suspension capacity parameter. It can be applied as a simple concentration boundary condition in modelling studies of the dispersion of particulates in environmental and man-made flows.

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