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Iegorov, В., A. Makarynska, and N. Vorona. "QUALITY EVALUATION OF PROTEIN FEED ADDITIVE AND TURKEY COMPOUND FEED." Grain Products and Mixed Fodder’s 20, no. 3 (2020): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15673/gpmf.v20i3.1848.
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The article describes that there is a problem of providing the population of the planet with a complete protein in the world today. It is proved that its lack can lead to significant pathologies. This issue becomes very acute with the rapid increase in the number of people on Earth. In this situation the challenge is complicated for compound feed producers because it is necessary to provide protein feeds to farm animals and poultry to meet people's needs for animal protein products. However, feed manufacturers should not use protein raw materials that can be consumed as food. Based on cooperation with compound feed producers, the task of finding alternative sources of protein raw materials, preferably of vegetable origin, is set. The optimal composition of protein feed additive (PFA) for soybean meal replacement in compound feeds for farm animals and poultry has been developed. PFA can be manufactured at a feed mill with portion technology by weighing portions of components and mixing in a paddle periodic action mixer. PFA can be used as a part of compound feeds for poultry farms and livestock complexes, feed concentrates for poultry and livestock farms, feed mills with advanced technology, inter-farm or mini-feed mills. We have developed compound feed recipes for heavy type turkeys using PFA to determine the cost-effectiveness of using PFA in compound feed. Turkeys have been chosen as a poultry because they are the most demanding birds to the quality and quantity of protein in the ration. The experimental samples of PFA were made in accordance with the developed recipes. We determined their physical properties and chemical composition. The PFA experimental samples match the quality of soybean meal according to the physical properties and chemical composition. In accordance with the developed recipes of mixed feeds for heavy type turkeys experimental samples of starter and grower feeds were made. Research of the physical properties and chemical composition of compound feeds has shown that the replacement of soybean meal with PFA in their composition does not affect the nutritional value and technological properties of the final product.
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Abdiyeva, N. "Study of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Locally Dispersed Feed Mixture Components in Optimal Composition." Bulletin of Science and Practice 11, no. 3 (2025): 369–73. https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/112/45.
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The study highlights the relevance of creating a mechanized and automated local power-mixed feed production area that ensures the efficient use of complete ration mixed feeds. The object of the study was to create an efficient production area based on the use of local feed base and imported feed additives, microelement feed complex, dosage and mixing of complete ration feed components, their physical and mechanical properties and their effect on the quality indicators of the process. The results obtained allow us to select appropriate operating modes to avoid a decrease in mixing quality when an increase of more than 20% of fillers in complete feed is required.
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Aas, Turid Synnøve, Hanne Jorun Sixten, Marie Hillestad, Trine Ytrestøyl, Harald Sveier, and Torbjørn Åsgård. "Feed intake, nutrient digestibility and nutrient retention in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) fed diets with different physical pellet quality." Journal of Fisheries 8, no. 2 (2020): 768–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17017/j.fish.133.
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Three feeds with different physical pellet quality but the same formulation were fed to Atlantic salmon for 97 days. Pellet quality was measured as bulk density, durability, fat leakage, hardness, water stability and porosity. The largest difference among the feeds was measured in hardness (201, 236 and 86 Newton for Diet 1, Diet 2 and Diet 3 respectively). The relative feed intake was highest in salmon fed Diet 2 and Diet 3 with no effects of pellet hardness. Growth and feed efficiency ratio were similar among all fish. The apparent digestibility of energy, dry matter, nitrogen and lipid was similar for all feeds, whereas the apparent digestibility of phosphorus and zinc was the lowest in Diet 3. Retention of energy, lipid and nitrogen was also similar for all feeds. Salmon fed Diet 1 and Diet 3 retained more phosphorus than those fed Diet 2. An increased retention of the digested zinc was found in salmon fed Diet 3. This study concludes that physical pellet quality affects feed intake and improve utilisation of feed in salmon if optimised properly. Moreover, pellet hardness can be optimised in commercial scale without compromising feed intake as it has no influence on feed intake.
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Demir Soker, Pınar, Aysun Kop, and Ali Yıldırım Korkut. "The effects of different starch levels on the physical quality of high-oil extruded fish feed." Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 41, no. 2 (2024): 82–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.41.2.01.
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In this study, the effects of different starch levels (5%, 8% and 11%) on the physical properties of extruded fish feeds with high oil content (22%) were investigated. For this purpose, 3 types of extruded trout feed with different starch levels (S5, S8 and S11) were produced. Physical (moisture, feed diameter, bulk density and pellet durability) and chemical (lipid, starch, water absorption index, water solubility index and water stability) analyses of these feeds were performed in 3 repetitions on the samples taken from the extruder outlet, lubrication outlet and sieve outlet. An increase in the amount of starch in the feed caused an increase in feed diameter and durability of the pellets, while a decrease in bulk density was observed. According to the results of the chemical analysis, it was seen that the increase in the starch ratio had no effect on the crude oil and water solubility index values, the best water absorption index value was in the S8 feed, and the water stability values decreased from S5 to S11.
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Thomas, M., and A. F. B. van der Poel. "Physical quality of pelleted animal feed 1. Criteria for pellet quality." Animal Feed Science and Technology 61, no. 1-4 (1996): 89–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0377-8401(96)00949-2.
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Nuraina, Norma, Atikah Nur Hamidah, Despal Despal, and Epi Taufik. "Farmer Satisfaction on Concentrate Feed Produced by Dairy Feed Mill Cooperative: A Case Study." Jurnal Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan 18, no. 3 (2020): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jintp.18.3.81-88.
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The aims of this study were to evaluate the quality of feedstuff as concentrate feed raw material, the quality of feed concentrate, and customer satisfaction toward concentrate quality produced by the cooperative. The parameters observed were nutrient contents (moisture, ash, crude protein, crude fat, and crude fibre) and physical quality (density, bulk density, and compacted bulk density). Farmer satisfaction was measured using customer satisfaction index (CSI) and gap analysis. The data obtained consisted of primary data (nutrient content of feedstuff and physical quality) and secondary data (nutrient content of concentrates) that were then analysed descriptively. Total respondents in the satisfaction analysis were 100 farmers. The results of this study indicated that feedstuff nutrient content varied, even though corn gluten feed (CGF) was in the range of Indonesian National Standards (SNI). The highest density and bulk density were limestone, and the highest compacted bulk density was salt, while the lowest physical quality was coffee chaff. Nutrient content of concentrate complied with SNI except for crude fat content. Meanwhile, the physical quality of the concentrate was still within the normal range. Farmer satisfaction was in the satisfied category with the highest gap values absence of foreign objects.
 Key words: concentrate feed, CSI, farmer satisfaction, feedstuff, quality
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Cahya, Muhamad Dwi, Yuli Andriani, Risdiana Risdiana, Nia Rossiana, and Muhamad Fatah Wiyatna. "The Effect of Fermentation on Increasing the Physico-Chemical Quality of Fish Feed Based on Food Waste." Applied Mechanics and Materials 916 (September 1, 2023): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-vx5nyu.
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Fish feed is the crucial aspect of aquaculture activities, 70% of production costs are spent on feed availability. However, the high price of commercial feed causes a decrease in farmers' profits, so a solution is needed to reduce feed costs. Food waste has a good potential to be used as a fish feed material. The fermentation of food waste should improve its quality and ensure that food waste is safe to use as feed material. As a result of various tests of Proximate, FTIR, SEM, and Physical Quality test it has been shown that the fermentation process can significantly improve the nutritional quality of food waste without changing the functional groups and the reduction of the particle size after the fermentation process is also capable to improve the physical quality of feed. We conclude that the fermentation process is the best method of improving the physical and chemical quality of food waste and the addition of fermented food waste meal to feed did not negatively affect the physical quality of feed produced.
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Getachew, Muluken, and Abebe Mosneh. "Basic Laboratory Manual: Analysis of Animal Feed and Physical Evaluation." International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry 9, no. 2 (2024): 33–44. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbc.20240902.14.
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This laboratory manual provides essential protocols and procedures for analyzing animal feed in the Animal Nutrition Laboratory at Wollo University. It is tailored to assist researchers, technical assistants, and students in evaluating feed quality to optimize ruminant nutrition, especially under arid conditions where feed costs impact livestock productivity. The manual covers safety guidelines, sample preparation, and detailed procedures for determining moisture, dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, ether extract, and ash content in animal feed samples. Special emphasis is placed on using the Kjeldahl method for protein determination and the Soxhlet apparatus for fat extraction. The Kjeldahl method is emphasized for precise protein analysis, while the Soxhlet apparatus is utilized for fat extraction. These analyses ensure accurate evaluation of nutritional content, which is critical for formulating balanced and cost-effective diets. Additionally, the manual includes methods for producing urea molasses blocks, a valuable supplementary feed. Physical evaluation techniques such as assessing color, texture, odor, and mold presence are highlighted for rapid feed quality assessment, ensuring safe and effective diets. Practical methods for producing urea molasses blocks are also included, offering a supplemental feed option to enhance livestock performance. A urea molasses block (UMB) is a type of supplementary feed designed to provide ruminants with essential nutrients, especially in areas where high-quality forage is scarce or costly. It is made from a mixture of urea, molasses, and other ingredients such as water, minerals, and sometimes cereal grains or by-products. These techniques provide a preliminary safety and quality check before laboratory analysis. The manual serves as a valuable resource for optimizing feed quality in ruminant and non-ruminant production systems. In conclusion, the researchers and practitioners at Wollo University Animal Nutrition Laboratory adhere strictly to the safety guidelines and protocols outlined in the manual to ensure accurate and reliable feed quality analysis. Additionally, incorporating urea molasses blocks as a supplementary feed in regions with scarce high-quality forage will help improve livestock productivity by providing essential nutrients.
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S. Utama, Cahya, B. Sulistiyanto, and R. D. Rahmawati. "KUALITAS FISIK ORGANOLEPTIS, HARDNESS DAN KADAR AIR PADA BERBAGAI PAKAN TERNAK BENTUK PELLET." Jurnal Litbang Provinsi Jawa Tengah 18, no. 1 (2020): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.36762/jurnaljateng.v18i1.808.
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This study aims to evaluate the organoleptic quality, hardness and the moisture content of various pelleted animal feeds. This research was uses descriptive method. The pellet feed used was 8 types of pellet feed from various types of livestock, namely; pellet feed for laying hens grower; starter broiler pellet feed; beef pellet feed; dairy cow feed pellets; horse pellet feed; pellet feed of laying ducks; pellet feed for fattening pigs and pellet for fattening sheep are obtained from various animal feed stalls in Central Java. The parameters observed were organoleptic, hardness and moisture content. The results showed that the organoleptic physical test, hardness and moisture content greatly affected the quality of the pellets, but the color of the pellets tended to have no difference. The conclusion of this research was that testing the quality of pellets in various livestock can be done physically, organoleptically, hardness and moisture content.
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Hossen, MN, M. Das, KR Sumi, and MT Hasan. "Effect of Storage Time on Fish Feed Stored at Room Temperature and Low Temperature." Progressive Agriculture 22, no. 1-2 (2013): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v22i1-2.16473.
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An experiment was conducted to determine the changes of nutritive value of different commercial fish feeds stored at room temperature (25-30°C) and low temperature (5-8°C) for a period of two months by taking biweekly sample. Three most popular fish feeds named Mega fish feed, Quality fish feed and Saudi Bangla fish feed used in the Mymensingh region were selected for the purpose. Throughout the study, physical characteristics and proximate composition of three commercial fish feeds were analyzed. There were no change in color, appearance of moderately bad odour, a little bit of soft texture and broken pellets were found in later stages of the experiment but the overall quality was still acceptable. Along with physical characteristics, changes were occurred in case of proximate composition. In Mega, Quality and Saudi Bangla fish feed, crude protein content was reduced in both the storage conditions. Lipid content also exhibited similar reduction due to storage at both the conditions. Whereas moisture content increased a little bit in the case of room temperature storage and decreased when stored in low temperature (5-8°C). No marked changes had been occurred in other proximate composition like ash, and crude fibre. Declining rate of the quality of fish feeds was higher at room temperature (25-30°C) than low temperature (5-8°C) but the overall quality remained acceptable upto two months storage at both the conditions. It is suggested to use the feed within two months after manufacture. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v22i1-2.16473 Progress. Agric. 22(1 & 2): 115-122, 2011
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Blagov, D. A., S. V. Mitrofanov, N. S. Panfyorov, N. S. Teterin, and N. N. Gapeeva. "The effect of physical factors on grain feed quality characteristics." Vsyo o myase, no. 3 (June 30, 2021): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21323/2071-2499-2021-3-19-25.
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Sørensen, M., N. Stjepanovic, O. H. Romarheim, T. Krekling, and T. Storebakken. "Soybean meal improves the physical quality of extruded fish feed." Animal Feed Science and Technology 149, no. 1-2 (2009): 149–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2008.05.010.
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Marela, Haqi Astika, Indira Fitriliyani, and Untung Bijaksana. "Physical Characteristics Content Evaluation of Feed Containing Termite as a Potential Alternative for Fish Feed." Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research 23, no. 1 (2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajfar/2023/v23i1590.
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Termite flour is very promising as a raw material for snakehead feed to substitute fish meals. The good raw material and composition will produce quality artificial feed with a high level of water stability, preferred and safe for fish. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of snakehead feed at various levels of substitution of fish meal with termites based on physical tests. The treatments given were the subtitution 0, 9, 6, 12% of fish meal with termite flour. The feed physical test results include water stability, homogeneity level, bouyancy, attractability, and storability. The results showed that the substitution of fish meal with termite flour was able to maintain water stability for more than 24 hours, the level of feed homogeneity was quite uniform in all treatments, the pungent aroma of feed preferred by snakehead was proven by the results of the feed allureness test which showed that the feed was eaten by snakehead in less than 5 seconds. The test results showed that the level of substitution of fish meal with termite flour with different levels resulted in feed with relatively the same quality in all treatments.
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Andi Puspa Sari Idris, Sri Wahidah, Abdullah, et al. "Utilization of maggot (Heermetia illucens) as raw material for feed on the physical quality of fish feed." International Journal of Life Science Research Archive 6, no. 1 (2024): 114–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2024.6.1.0036.
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Objective: The aim of this research is to determine the use of maggot (Heermetia illucens) as a raw material for feed on the physical quality of fish feed. Material and method: This research was carried out in September-November 2023. The experimental design in this research was to make maggot caterpillar flour, fish meal, corn flour and tapioca flour, then formulated using the trial and error method. The treatments tried included treatment A with 45% fish meal, 35% maggot meal, treatment B with 50% fish meal and 30% maggot meal, treatment C with 55% fish meal and 25% maggot meal and treatment K with 0% fish meal and maggot meal. 80%. All treatments each added 16% corn flour and 4% tapioca flour as feed adhesive. Physical test analysis includes tests for feed hardness, solubility and feed color. Results: The results of the research show that regarding the solubility of the feed, maggot can be used as an ingredient in making feed because it has good attractiveness for the test fish, even though commercial feed shows better results. Regarding solubility, feed made from maggots has good solubility, even treatments B and C showed better results than the control treatment. The hardness level of the feed is better than the control treatment, which means that the fish can use the feed well because it has a low hardness level and suits the fish's needs. Conclusion: The use of Maggot (Heermetia illucens) as a feed ingredient can be used as a raw material for feed because it can have a positive influence on the physical quality of fish feed such as the attractiveness of the feed to fish, the solubility of the feed, the hardness level of the feed, and the color of the feed.
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Makaeva, Alsu R., Oksana V. Shlyamina, and Igor M. Fitsev. "Monitoring the nutritional value and chemical safety of the main feeds of the Republic of Tatarstan according to the results of studies carried out in 2019." Butlerov Communications 62, no. 4 (2020): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37952/roi-jbc-01/20-62-4-123.
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Production of high-quality food of animal origin directly depends on the health of farm animals. Feeding of farm animals balanced in terms of nutrients is the most important condition for improving the quality of livestock production and its productivity. The productivity of animals depends on providing their organisms with all the necessary nutrients and biologically active substances. Along with the nutritional value, chemical safety of feed is also important for animals and humans. Pesticides have a special place among chemical toxicants. The article presents the monitoring of the nutritional value and chemical safety of the main feeds of agricultural producers of the Republic of Tatarstan, based on the results of their physical and chemical studies carried out in 2019 by of "FCTRBS". The feed was tested for content of crude protein, moisture, crude fat, crude fiber, ash, and pesticides in accordance with the test methods included in the scope of accreditation of Test Center. 94.4% of feed for farm animals in the Republic of Tatarstan meet the requirements for nutritional value and chemical safety, which are imposed on them by the current regulatory and technical documentation. Only 5.6% of the studied feeds did not meet the physical and chemical parameters (the content of crude protein, crude fat, moisture, ash). A comprehensive assessment of the results of physical and chemical studies shows that agricultural feed producers in the Republic of Tatarstan comply with the basic requirements of the normative and technical documentation for the nutritional value and chemical safety of feed for farm animals. The latter determines not only the quality of animal husbandry, but also its efficiency and productivity.
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Foenay, T. A. Y., and T. N. I. Koni. "Study on the Physical Quality of Complete Rabbit Feed Pellets Using Different Forage Protein Sources." Jurnal Sain Peternakan Indonesia 16, no. 4 (2021): 322–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31186/jspi.id.16.4.322-327.
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This study evaluated the physical quality of complete rabbit feed containing different legumes. The study design was an experimental method using a Completely Randomized Design with four treatments and five replications. The treatments were as follows: P1 =complete feed without legume;P2 = complete feed with 10% moringa leaves meal; P3 = complete feed with 10% Leucaena leaves meal; P4 = complete feed with 10% turi leaves meal. Parameters measured were hardness, durability, density and specific gravity of rabbit pellet complete feed. Data analysis uses analysis of variance and if there is a treatment with a significant effect, then it is continued with Duncan's multiple distance test. The results showed that legumes had no significant effect on impact resistance, friction resistance, pile density, and specific gravity of the rabbit pellets produced. It was concluded that the use of legumes, namely Moringa, lamtoro and turi did not reduce the physical quality of the pellets.
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Sunarno, Sunarno, Muhammad Ammar Nur Handyka, Sri Mulyani, and Suparmi Suparmi. "Spirulina Flour-based Feed Additive Improves the Physical and Chemical Eggs Quality of Tegal-Laying Duck." Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education 15, no. 3 (2023): 326–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v15i3.48114.
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Spirulina is a species of blue green algae that contains many phenolic compounds, phytonutrients and pigments which have potential as a feed additives to improve the physical and chemical quality of eggs. The present study evaluated the effect of spirulina flour-based feed additive supplementation during the late growth to the early egg-laying period on Tegal-laying ducks' physical and chemical egg quality. A total of 25 ducks were randomly divided into 5 treatments; the control group treated with standard feed (P0), P1, P2, P3, and P4 were treated with standard feed supplemented by spirulina flour-based feed additive at concentrations of 0.3%, 0.6%,1.2%, and 2.4%, respectively for four weeks. Physical quality indicators included the Haugh unit, yolk index, weight measurements, eggshell thickness, and shape index. Chemical quality indicators assessed albumen protein content, egg yolk cholesterol, and b-carotene levels. This research revealed that spirulina flour, added at concentrations between 0.30% and 2.40%, significantly enhanced the egg quality of Tegal-laying ducks compared to the control group. This study concludes that spirulina flour can be used as a feed additive to improve the physical and chemical quality of Tegal-laying ducks’ egg. The novelty of this research is spirulina flour has the potential to be used as a feed additive to increases the albumen protein levels, increases b-carotene, and reduces egg yolk cholesterol in eggs of Tegal-laying ducks. Spirulina flour can be a potential source of feed additive for various other local ducks in Indonesia.
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Andi, Puspa Sari Idris. "Substitution of Fish Meal and Worm Meal African Night Crawler on the Physical Quality of Fish Feed." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LIFE SCIENCE AND AGRICULTURE RESEARCH 03, no. 03 (2024): 204–10. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10852276.
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ABSTRACT This research aims to determine the effect of substitution of fish meal and African night crawler worm meal on the quality of fish feed, especially physical aspects. The treatment tested was treatment A with a concentration of 55% fish meal, 10% worm meal, 30% corn meal, and 5% tapioca flour. Treatment B with a concentration of 53% fish meal, 12% worm meal, 30% corn meal, and 5% tapioca flour. Treatment C with a concentration of 49% fish meal, 14% worm meal, 30% corn meal, and 5% tapioca flour. Treatment K with a concentration of 65% fish meal, 0% worm meal, 30% corn meal, and 5% tapioca flour. The data collected consists of data on fish attractiveness to feed, feed solubility, feed hardness level and feed color aspects. The data that has been collected is then analyzed using descriptive analysis. The results of this research show that regarding the attractiveness of the feed to the test animals tested, the feed that received the quickest response from the fish to eat was the feed in treatment K. The solubility of feed in all treatments did not have a significant difference, However, the treatment that dissolved the fastest was treatment B, namely 207 minutes. Based on the level of feed hardness, the lowest level of feed hardness is feed in treatment K, which has a hardness level of 40%. In this research, where the color of the feed made is brown and slightly blackish and is similar in color to commercial feed.
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SUNARNO, NURUL ANNISA, and SRI ISDADIYANTO. "Physical Quality of Eggs in Pengging Duck (Anas platyrinchos) after Administration of Nanochitosan as a Feed Additive." Borneo Journal of Resource Science and Technology 13, no. 1 (2023): 142–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/bjrst.5244.2023.
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The problem often encountered by laying duck breeders is a decrease in the physical quality of eggs. Nanochitosan is a polysaccharide that has the potential as a feed additive to improve the physical quality of eggs in pengging ducks. The use of nanochitosan at levels of 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 g/kg of feed can improve digestive performance and nutrient absorption in ducks. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of nanochitosan as a feed additive on the physical quality of eggs in pengging ducks. This study used a completely randomised design with five groups and five ducks per group. The treatments consist of control and the addition of nanochitosan as a feed additive with a concentration of 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 g/kg of feed. The variables observed in this study included the haugh unit (HU), yolk index (IKT), yolk weight, white weight, egg weight, shell thickness, and egg shape index. The research data were analysed using ANOVA with a significance level of 5%. The results showed that the addition of nanochitosan at different levels (2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 g/kg of feed) had a significant effect on the measured egg quality consisting of HU, IKT, egg yolk weight, egg white weight, egg weight egg, shell thickness, and egg shape index. The study concluded that nanochitosan can be used as a feed additive to improve the physical quality of eggs in pengging ducks. The use of nanochitosan with different levels as a feed additive can be useful for others by providing a reference about the levels of nanochitosan used as a feed additive which can improve the physical quality of duck eggs and become important information in increasing exploration in the use of nanochitosan products. This study is expected to open opportunities for further research in the future about the mechanistic effects of nanochitosan in improving egg quality and productivity of laying ducks.
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Bleidere, Māra, and Zinta Gaile. "Grain quality traits important in feed barley." Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. 66, no. 1-2 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10046-011-0039-8.
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Grain quality traits important in feed barley Spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) traditionally has been a major cereal crop for animal feed especially in Northern areas and also in Latvia. It is complicated to define what the ideal feed barley should be, as the requirements widely differ not only for different species, but even for different age groups of the same species of animals. Therefore, the breeding of feed barley has been developing very slowly and building on the basis of agronomic and beer barley quality parameters. Targeted breeding of barley varieties for a definite application purpose of the grain is connected with selection according to different criteria. The present article shows that the feed quality of barley is influenced both by physical grain quality indicators (colour, grain weight and size, hull content, 1000 grain weight, volume weight and grain hardness) and by the chemical composition (carbohydrates, non-starch polysaccharides, amino acids, fibre, protein, fat, minerals and vitamins). On the basis of the information collected, a profile of a high quality feed barley variety for different groups of animals is defined.
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Syaikhullah, Gayuh, Himmatul Khasanah, Nur Muhamad, Aan Awaludin, and Satria Budi Kusuma. "The Effect of Commercial Feeding with Different Brands on Physical Quality Kampung Unggul Balitbangtan (Kub) Chicken Meat." Jurnal Peternakan Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Animal Science) 26, no. 2 (2024): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jpi.26.2.53-59.2024.
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The purpose of this study is to ascertain how giving commercial feed of various brands affects the physical quality of meat obtained from Kampung Unggul Balitbangtan (KUB) chickens on pH values, cooking losses and water holding capacity. The Completely Randomized Design (RAL) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) techniques were used in this study. The Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was used to see if there were any notable changes. This research used 160 Day Old Chicks (DOC) with 4 commercial feed treatments with different brands, namely P1 (WK Feed). P2 (CPH Feed), P3 (PAT Feed) and P4 (CFD Feed) with level of protein contains each brand. The results of this study show that giving commercial feed with different brands can have a significant effect (P
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Manganang, Yessi A. P., Magdalin Ulaan, and Numisye I. Mose. "The Difference in Fermentation Duration of Plant-Based Feed Using EM4 on the Feed Quality." Jurnal Biologi Tropis 25, no. 1 (2025): 682–88. https://doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v25i1.8455.
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EM-4 probiotic solution is used in a fermentation process to lower the crude fiber in lemna cake and raise the protein content of the raw materials. The research aims to determine the difference in fermentation duration of plant-based feed using EM-4 solution on the improvement of quality and nutritional value of Nile tilapia feed. The object of the research is artificial feed with 30% protein composed of various vegetable ingredients which is then fermented according to the research design. The study was consisting of 4 treatments: A: 1-day fermentation, B: 3-day fermentation, C: 5-day fermentation, D: 7-day fermentation. Data collection involved chemical and physical testing of the feed. The results of this research showed that the longer the fermentation, the protein content becomes higher while the carbohydrate and crude fiber content decreases. Therefore, the physical tests of the feed included buoyancy, water stability, and feed hardness shows no difference in each treatment. Seven days fermentation shows the best values on nutritional values. The combination of EM-4 with artificial feed made from vegetable ingredients can be recommended as fish feed because it fulfills protein nutritional needs to increase fish growth and development.
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Thomas, M., T. van Vliet, and A. F. B. van der Poel. "Physical quality of pelleted animal feed 3. Contribution of feedstuff components." Animal Feed Science and Technology 70, no. 1-2 (1998): 59–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-8401(97)00072-2.
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Aslamyah, Siti, and Muh Yusri Karim. "Organoleptic, physical, and chemical tests of artificial feed for milk fish substituted by earthworm meal (Lumbricus sp.)." Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia 11, no. 2 (2013): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.19027/jai.11.124-131.
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<p>Earthworms meal (Lumbricus sp.) is very prospective as milkfish feed raw materials to substitute fish meal. Type of raw material and the exact composition will generate artificial feed quality with high levels of water stability, desirable, and safe for the fish. The purpose of this study to evaluate the quality of milkfish feed at different levels of fish meal substitution with earthworms (Lumbricus sp.) based on organoleptic, physical, and chemical tests. The treatments tested levels of substitution of fish meal with earthworms meal in artificial feed milkfish, namely: feed A (0%); feed B (34,62%); feed C (65,38%) and feed D (100%). The organoleptic and physical test showed that all the feed has a smooth texture, pungent aroma, and brown in color, with good water stability (rupture velocity ranged from 91,25±1,47 up to 92,87±1,67 minutes and dispersion of solids 11,14±1,55 up to 11,87±1,3%), hardness 84±0,18 up to 84,71±1,24%, sinking velocity 5,07±0,68 up to 5,64±0,17 cm/sec, the level of homogeneity of 81,34±0,17 up to 85,68±1,85%, the allure of 0,62±0,58 up to 0,65±0,12 cm/sec and delicious power of 0,059±0,024 up to 0,067±0,032 g/fish weight/day. The quality of feed is chemically with moisture content ranging from 8,4–9,1%, 16,7–19,46% ash, 31,07–32,37%, protein, 6,67–7,58% fat, crude fiber 7,45–7,87%, NFE (nitrogen free extracts) 35,35–35,48%. Results show that different levels of substitution of fish meal with earthworms meal (Lumbricus sp.) produces the same feed quality and contains nutrients in a range requirement milkfish. Accordingly, earthworms meal (Lumbricus sp.) can be substituted for fish meal in fish milk feed artificial up to 100%.</p><p>Keywords: substitution, fish meal, earthworms meal (Lumbricus sp.), artificial feed, milkfish</p>
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Pagala, Muhammad Amrullah, Takdir Saili, Nur Santy Asminaya, Rusli Badaruddin, Syamsuddin, and La Ode Muh. Munadi. "Increasing Farmers' Knowledge in Making Super Local Chicken Feed in Watubangga Village, Baruga District, Kendari City." Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Bestari 3, no. 3 (2024): 183–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.55927/jpmb.v3i3.8265.
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This service was carried out in Watubangga Village, Baruga District, Southeast Sulawesi Province. This Community Service (PKM-MD) program applies group counseling methods with non-physical and physical activities to increase farmers' understanding of feed quality and the potential of local resources as raw materials. The outreach is designed to increase farmers' awareness of the importance of understanding animal feed. In addition, this program provides knowledge about local resources that can be used as alternative feed, which are rich in nutrients and can be processed into quality feed. It is hoped that through this activity, farmers can improve the quality of their animal feed, reduce the risk of disease, and increase the productivity of livestock businesses in a sustainable manner.
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Makarynska, A., and N. Vorona. "RECIPES OF COMPOUND FEEDS FOR BUDGERIGARS AND THEIR QUALITY." Grain Products and Mixed Fodder’s 22, no. 2 (2022): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15673/gpmf.v22i2.2444.
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The article describes that budgerigar are the most widespread group of poultry. They are the 4th most popular pet in Ukraine after cats and dogs. Budgerigars are unpretentious, but they need a full and balanced diet and comfortable keeping conditions. The feasibility of using pelleted feed for a balanced and complete feeding of budgerigars is justified. It should make up at least 75% of the diet. It has been proven that pellets have a good effect on the parrot's body, because compressed feed contains much more nutrients, vitamins and microcomponents for the good development of the parrot's body. It is established that creation of a compound feed model with the help of recipe calculation optimization programs allows you to produce an effective compound feed. It allows to meet the needs of animals in nutrients and biologically active substances for life support, health, development, reproduction and obtaining high productivity. Recipe calculation programs permit you to choose components from the available raw materials, taking into account their quality, in the optimal ratio and the minimum cost of the finished product. As practice shows, the use of optimization programs of compound feed recipes allows you to reduce the cost of the product by 5 – 7%. It is proven that budgerigars should receive high-quality and balanced feed for normal development. The program complex for calculation and optimization of compound feed recipes "Korm Optima Expert" was used to develop recipes of pelleted compound feed for budgerigars with minimal cost. They meet the feeding standards and restrictions on the introduction of components and can be used for their complete feeding. Experimental samples of compound feed were made in accordance with the developed recipes of pelleted compound feed for budgerigars. Physical properties and chemical composition were studied in the experimental samples. It is established that the experimental samples are characterized by satisfactory physical properties and are balanced in content of nutrients and biologically active substances and meets the physiological needs and feeding standards of the budgerigars. The cost of raw materials for the developed pelleted feed is on average 10 UAH per 1 kg. It is advisable to produce pelleted feed for budgies, because the low cost and high quality will attract owners of budgies.
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Andriani, Yuli, Walim Lili, Irfan Zidni, and Risdiana. "Characteristic of Biomaterial from Fermentation Product and its Effectto Enzyme Activity of Clarias sp." Materials Science Forum 1028 (April 2021): 333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1028.333.
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The physical characteristics of fermented products from restaurant waste food with BIOMS probiotic at a dose of 8% which was incubated for 7 days were investigated in order to study effect of fermentation to the physical characteristic of biomaterial and its effect to enzyme activity of Clarias sp. Fermented products are added to the feed with doses of 0, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% and physical tests include breaking time, sinking rate test, durability test, and stability test. Furthermore, the feed was given to catfish for 40 days and the enzyme activity (amylase and protease) was analyzed in its digestive tract at the end of the study. It is showed that the addition of fermented products decreased the physical quality of the feed. The best physical quality was found in the control feed with an average value of breaking time of 22.98 hours, an average value of sinking rate of 0.53 cm/s, a durability test of 97.23 %, and a stability test value of 93.53% (10 minutes), 88.8% (30 minutes), and 76.26% (60 minutes). For feed products with doses of fermented products of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%, the values of breaking time and sinking rate, durability and stability were lower compared to that of control feed products. Meanwhile, the enzyme activity in the digestive tract of catfish shows that giving a dose of 20% fermented products in the feed resulted in the best composition of amylase and protease enzyme activity of 9.021 units/mL and 275 units/mL. These results indicated that improvements are needed in the fermentation process to produce better physical quality and suitable for catfish feed.
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Hakim, Arif Rahman, Putri Wullandari, Naila Zulfia, Tri Nugroho Widianto, and Bakti Berlyanto Sedayu. "Inclusion of Spirulina in Floating Fish Feed Production: Protein and Physical Quality." Aquaculture Studies 21, no. 4 (2021): 161–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4194/2618-6381-v21_4_03.
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The objective of this study was to investigate effects of Spirulina meal (SM) inclusion in fish feed formulations on their physical and protein content. Four formulations of fish feed were carried out i.e. a control diet with fishmeal (FM) as the single protein source and three others formulations containing Spirulina meal (SM) ingredient in different ratios of FM: SM (w/w) namely 75:25; 50:50 and 25:75 (w/w). All the formulations were processed into pellets using an extruder with a 600 rpm screw speed, 100 °C barrel temperature, and 3 mm diameter of dies. The dried pellets were then evaluated with respect to the protein content and physical properties i.e. expansion ratio, unit density, floatability and hardness. In general, the most optimum pellet formulation was found at the ratio of 25:75 (FM: SM) ingredients resulted in pellet with higher protein (38.89%) and expand ratio (1.65 fold), the lowest unit density (0.473 mg/mm3), the highest floatability (100%) and less hardness (32.53 N). Therefore, formulation of floating fish feed included with Spirulina are an option for improving its protein content and physical properties.
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Pratama, Yayan Yogi, Mairizal Mairizal, and Yusrizal Yusrizal. "Physical Quality of Broiler Meat Given Synbiotics from Probio_FM and Mannan Oligosaccharides (MOS) in Rations." Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Ternak 19, no. 3 (2024): 149–57. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jitek.2024.019.03.1.
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This research aims to determine the effect of providing synbiotics from Probio_FM and Mannan Oligosaccharides (MOS) in the ration on the physical quality of broiler meat at a certain level. The material used was 200 DOC (Day Old Chick) Lohman strain MB 202 Platinum strains produced by PT Japfa Comfeed. Broilers were maintained for 35 days, this study used 5 treatments and 4 replications, namely P0 (commercial feed + 0% Probio_FM and MOS (Control)), P1 (commercial feed + 0.25% Probio_FM and MOS), P2 (commercial feed + 0 .50% Probio_FM and MOS), P3 (commercial feed + 0.75% Probio_FM and MOS), P4 (commercial feed + 1 % Probio_FM and MOS. The variables observed were meat pH, cooking loss and water holding capacity (WHC). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), if there was a significant effect then it was continued with the Duncan test. The results showed that administration of synbiotics from Probio_FM and MOS had no significant effect (p > 0.05) on the physical quality of broiler meat which included pH value, binding capacity. water, and cooking loss. It was concluded that synbiotics from Probio_FM and MOS could be added to the ration without reducing the physical quality of broiler meat.
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Geeta, Choudhary, Karnani Monika, Choudhary Sheela, Manju, and Gaur Keshav. "Effect of Processing on Nutritional Value of Feed." Science World a monthly e magazine 2, no. 2 (2022): 147–52. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6138037.
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Feed industries are seeking new ways to cope with increased raw material costs, and one approach is application of feed processing technology for physical &amp; chemical changes of the feed ingredients and to improve the nutrient quality, stability and hygiene. Feed processing involves simple “grind &amp; mix” to more advanced thermal processes such as pelleting, expanding, extruding which involves mechanical and thermal processing of feed ingredients. It results in physical and chemical changes of the feed ingredients such as particle size and molecular structure of the feed components, which may increase or decrease the nutritional value of the feed ingredients.
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Makarynska, A., and N. Vorona. "A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO OPTIMIZING POULTRY FEED FORMULATIONS USING AMARANTH: TECHNOLOGICAL AND QUALITY ASPECTS." Grain Products and Mixed Fodder’s 25, no. 2 (2025): 25–32. https://doi.org/10.15673/gpmf.v25i2.3134.
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The article presents the results of a systematic approach to optimizing poultry feed formulations using amaranth—a highprotein, nutritious, and promising crop. In the face of challenges brought about by military actions affecting Ukraine’s agricultural sector, the efficient use of resources and reduction of livestock production costs have become particularly relevant. One possible way to improve the feed base is to incorporate alternative protein components into compound feeds, particularly amaranth press cake, which possesses antimicrobial properties and high digestibility. The aim of the study was to develop balanced starter compound feeds for different types of poultry (broilers, ducks, and laying hens) using amaranth press cake. To achieve this goal, the physicochemical properties of the main ingredients (amaranth, soybean, sunflower, and amaranth press cakes) were determined, optimized feed formulations were developed using specialized software, and laboratory samples of the compound feeds were produced. Their physical properties (moisture content, bulk density, flowability, angle of repose) and chemical composition (protein, fat, fiber, macroelements, and amino acid content) were assessed. The results indicate that amaranth press cake has suitable physicochemical properties for use in compound feed production and contains a significant amount of lysine, arginine, threonine, and other essential amino acids. Compared to soybean and sunflower press cakes, amaranth has a lower protein content but offers advantages in terms of cost, availability, and environmental sustainability of cultivation. The developed formulations comply with feeding standards for the respective poultry groups, ensure balanced nutrition, and can serve as an effective alternative to traditional protein sources. Thus, the use of amaranth press cake as a component of poultry feed not only enhances the economic efficiency of production but also contributes to the greening of livestock farming and the improvement of product quality under conditions of reduced or complete elimination of antibiotics in feeding.
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Imam, Shokhirul, Ujang Suryadi, and Muhammad Ilham Hanafi. "Physical Quality of Broiler Chicken Meat Added with Banana Weevil Enriched ?-glucan from Saccharomyces cerevisiae in Feed." Bantara Journal of Animal Science 5, no. 1 (2023): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32585/bjas.v5i1.3677.
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This study aims to determine the effect of adding banana weevil flour enriched with ?-glucan fiber from Saccharomyces cerevisiae to feed on the physical quality of broiler meat. The research method used a completely randomized design and analysis of variance, this study used 200 DOC consisting of 5 treatments and 4 replications. Each replication contains 10 chickens. The level of ?-glucan administration from Saccharomyces cerevisiae with banana weevil flour was P0 (control); P1 (25 ppm); P2 (50 ppm); P3 (75 ppm); and P4 (100 ppm). The treatment started from 16 to 37 days old. Physical quality test was carried out with thigh meat samples. Physical quality test data were analyzed by analysis of variance and if there was a significantly different (P<0.05), it was further tested with Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The results of the physical quality test on broiler chicken meat showed that the addition of banana weevil flour enriched with ?-glucan fiber from Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the feed on the physical quality of broiler meat was not significantly different (P?0.05) on the pH value, water holding capacity, reduced cooking and tenderness. The results of the study concluded that the addition of banana weevil flour enriched with ?-glucan fiber from Saccharomyces cerevisiae in feed on the physical quality of broiler meat did not affect the physical quality of broiler meat.
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A. AL-Tamimy, Salah M., Duha B. Diab, and Nazar Abbas Malik. "Effect of Adding Date Palm Pollen and Physical Diet Form on Productive Performance and Egg Quality of Female Quail." Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal 16, no. 1 (2024): 118–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.52951/dasj.24160110.
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This experiment was conducted to estimate the main effect of adding Data palm pollen (DPP) and the form of diet on the productive performance of female quail compliant with: Hen day egg production (HD), Egg weight (EW), Egg mass (EM), Feed intake (FI) and Feed conversion ratio (FCR) and eggs quality of quail compliant with: Shape index (ShI %), shell weight (%), yolk weight (%), albumen weight (%), Yolk index (YI%), Albumen Index (AI%) and Hough unit (HU). For eight weeks, from February 14 to April 13, 2023. Two hindered fifty-two female quail with age about forty-seven days were divided into six treatments, each including forty-two birds with three replicates (four ten quail of each). The treatments were T1: 0% DPP with mash feed form, T2: 0% DPP with pellet feed form, T3: 0.5% DPP with mash feed form, T4: 0.5% DPP with pellet feed form, T5: 1% DPP with mash feed form and T6: 1% DPP with pellet feed form. The quail were fed a productive diet with 2794 kcal/kg energy and 18.39% crude protein, and similar rearing conditions. Results showed there were significant effects in the percentage of HD, EW., EM, and (FCR) in treatments with DPP and pellet feed form when compared with the other treatments, as well as an improvement in egg quality in treatments with DPP and pellet feed form when compared with the other treatments.
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Sulistyo. "PENGGUNAAN STIMULATOR PLUS PADA PROSES FERMENTASI JERAMI PADI DALAM PRAKTIKUM TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN PAKAN." Integrated Lab Journal 07, no. 02 (2019): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3270926.
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<em>Rice straw is a potential feed as ruminant feed. Efforts to improve its quality are essential since the high lignin content, which results in the low-quality forage. This study aimed to determine the use of “Stimulators plus” and time variation on the degradation of cellulose of fermented rice straw in feed technology practicum, to obtain the high feed quality. The materials used were rice straw, stimulator plus, starbio, urea, and molasses. Complete Randomized Design was applied with four treatments of fermentation time (0, 7, 14, and 21 days) and three replications for each treatment. The variables observed were physical and chemical quality of fermented rice straw. The results showed an increase in the physical quality of fermented rice straw (JPF) including caramel odor, easily broken texture, no fungal growth, brownish green color, and low pH value. The fermentation time at seven days improved crude protein quality, decreased neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber (P<0.01). It can be concluded that fermentation using Stimulator Plus could shorten the observation time by increasing the nutritional quality of fermented rice straw as well as other probions.</em>
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Saleh, Ellen Jahya, Agus Bahar Rachman, Tri Ujilestari, et al. "Karakterisasi Karkas dan Sifat Fisik Daging Ayam Kampung Strain SenSi-1 Agrinak dengan Pemberian Pakan Substitusi Jerami Jagung Fermentasi." Jurnal Veteriner 25, no. 2 (2024): 287–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.19087/jveteriner.2024.25.2.287.
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Fermentation of corn straw using Trichoderma viridecan produce enzymes that decompose crude fiber and make palatable fermented feed products because of their specific fragrance.This research was aimed to determine the carcass characteristics and physical properties of kampong chicken meat fed with fermented corn straw as a substitute for rice bran. Feedquality affects slaughter weight,weightand percentageof carcass, and meatphysical quality. In this study, 250 kampongchickens strainof SenSi-1 Agrinakwere used, which were fed rice bran (P0) with fermented corn straw (JJF). The treatment as follows: 100% P0 (R0); 95 % P0 + 5 % JJF (R1); 90 % P0 + 10 % JJF (R2); 85 % P0 + 15 % JJF (R3); 80 % P0 + 20 % JJF (R4) with six repetitions. The parameters observedconsist of quality of carcass and quality of meat. Quality of carcass includesweight,percentage, andparts percentageof carcass. Physical qualityof meatincludeswater holding capacity, cooking loss, color, textureandmeatmicrostructur. Based on the results,the subtitutionof rice bran with fermented corn straw in kampongchicken feed has a very significant effect (p<0.01) on carcass quality and significant effect (p<0.05) onmeat quality. The microstructure of kampongchicken meat shows the presence of coarse parts and large cavities so that it supports physical resistance as seen in the water binding capacity and texture of meat tenderness. It can be concluded thatfermented corn straw could be used in the kampongchicken feed up to 10%
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Tugiyanti, E., and E. Susanti. "Effect of Various Feed Additives on Carcass and Meat Quality of Two Different Strains of Chickens." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1041, no. 1 (2022): 012076. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1041/1/012076.
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Abstract Assorted feed additives for broiler chickens, including prohibited antibiotics, are widely sold in the market. The objective of incorporating supplement in feed is to improve broilers’ performance and meat quality. This study conducted an experiment to 60 DOC broilers from each Cobb and Lohmann strains. The experiment was conducted in a 2x4 factorial CRD. The treatments were feed additives, i.e. antibiotics, probiotics, acidifiers and phytobiotics. Each treatment was repeated 3 times. The measured variables were carcass and non-carcass percentage as well as physical quality of broiler meat. Analysis of variance showed that feed additives did not significantly affect (P>0.05) carcass and non-carcass percentage and meat physical quality of the two broiler strains. Conclusively, probiotics, acidifiers and phytobiotics are the potential alternatives as a substitute for antibiotics for Cobb and Lohmann broiler chickens as reflected from the carcass percentage and meat quality.
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Wolska, Julia, Jan Jonkers, Olle Holst, and Patrick Adlercreutz. "The addition of transglutaminase improves the physical quality of extruded fish feed." Biotechnology Letters 37, no. 11 (2015): 2265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10529-015-1911-4.
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Sondakh, Erwin Hubert Barton, Jerry Audy Donny Kalele, Friets Semuel Ratulangi, Conny Palar, and Siane Rimbing. "Utilization of Coconut Pulp as Methane Inhibitor Feed on Meat Quality of Goat." ANIMAL PRODUCTION 24, no. 1 (2022): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jap.2022.24.1.100.
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This research was conducted to know the impact of methane reduction in ruminants using coconut pulp as feed substrate on the quality of goat meat. This study used coconut pulp as an antimetanogenic substrate and was added to ruminant feed. There were twenty goats aged + 1 year. The feed was given with a formulation of 60: 40% forage and concentrate in dry matter with a composition according to the needs of the goats. This research was carried out by treating coconut pulp with four levels of different treatment, namely 5, 10, 15, and 20% and compared with the treatment without using coconut pulp (0%). This experiment used a completely randomized design with four replications. The average difference of treatment was continued with the Duncan Multi Range Test (DMRT) test. The goats were kept for 60 days and they were slaughtered to measure the quality of meat. The variables measured were physical and chemical quality of goat meat. The results showed that the physical quality and the chemical quality of the meat had no significant effect. The conclusion of this research is the use of coconut pulp as an antimethanogenic substrate for goat feed can maintain the physical and chemical quality of meat and reduce meat cholesterol.
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Wibawa, I. Made Satriya, H. Suyanto, N. L. Watiniasih, and I. G. Mahardika. "Analysis of the Physical Quality of Chicken Eggs Fed with Added Calcium Fish Oil by Spectroscopic Method." Journal of Advanced Zoology 44, no. 2 (2023): 318–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/jaz.v44i2.1188.
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This research was carried out with the aim of improving the physical quality, chicken eggs and the effect of optimum levels by adding fish oil calcium to the feed. The method was a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replications, namely P0 as control; P1 added fish oil 0.2% in feed; P2 added fish oil 0.4% in feed; P3 was added with 0.6% fish oil in the feed, each study unit used 10 chickens; the total chickens in the study were 160 chickens. After 30 days of the treatment, then the analysis was carried out every week for six weeks using an electric screw micrometer to measure the thickness of the eggshell, the LIBS method used to determine the hardness index, the SAA method used to measure the surface area and pore size. Barrett-Joiner_Halenda method used to determine the pore diameter of the eggshell, and the AAS method used to determine the concentration of calcium. The results showed that the addition of calcium from fish oil in general can improve physical quality of the eggshell compared to controls. The optimum level of fish oil calcium in the feed to produce the best physical quality is 0.4%.
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Leiber, F., T. Gelencsér, A. Stamer, et al. "Insect and legume-based protein sources to replace soybean cake in an organic broiler diet: Effects on growth performance and physical meat quality." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 32, no. 1 (2015): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170515000496.
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AbstractProtein sources other than soybean for the diets of poultry are needed for agricultural systems in temperate regions to help avoid some negative social and ecological impacts of large-scale soybean imports from overseas. The aim of the present study was to test the suitability of alternative protein sources in diets for slow-growing organic broiler chicken. Four experimental broiler diets were tested against a commercial feed for organic broiler chicken fattening (control), containing 255 g kg−1 soybean cake. Each experimental diet was based on the control diet, but 130 g kg−1 of soybean cake was replaced with alternative feeds. The diet ‘HermAlf’ contained 78 g kg−1 Hermetia meal (dried larvae of the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens) and 52 g kg−1 alfalfa (Medicago sativa) meal. Diet ‘HermPea’ contained 78 g kg−1 Hermetia meal and 52 g kg−1 pea (Pisum sativum) groats. Diet ‘AlfPea’ contained 78 g kg−1 alfalfa meal and 52 g kg−1 pea groats. Diet ‘PeaAlf’ contained 78 g kg−1 pea groats and 52 g kg−1 alfalfa meal. Both diets containing Hermetia meal had the same amount of crude protein (CP) concentration as the control, while CP concentration was lower in diet AlfPea (by 2.7%) and in diet PeaAlf (by 3.5%) compared with the control. Over the course of the experiment, 15 broilers each (slow-growing Hubbard S757) were fattened with one of the five diets ad libitum from days 7 to 82. Additionally, all broilers received water and wheat grains (Triticum aestivum) ad libitum. Feed intake was measured by group. Daily gains, live weights, carcass weights and meat quality were analyzed individually. Compared with the control, feed intake, daily weight gain, carcass weights and feed efficiency were equivalent for all experimental diets. Regarding quality parameters, only cooking loss was increased with the HermPea diet compared with the control. The results indicate that the alternative feeds tested could replace part of the soybean products in broiler diets while achieving equivalent feed efficiency and product quality.
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Tůmová, Eva, Darina Chodová, Zdeněk Volek, Tarek A. Ebeid, Mohamed Ketta, and Věra Skřivanová. "A comparative study on the effect of quantitative feed restriction in males and females of broiler chickens, rabbits and nutrias. II. Meat quality." Czech Journal of Animal Science 67, No. 2 (2022): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/186/2021-cjas.
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The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of feed restriction and sex on the physical, chemical and histochemical parameters of meat quality in chickens, rabbits and nutrias. Feed restriction was applied at a rate of 70% ad libitum from 14 to 21 days of age in chickens, 70% ad libitum from 42 to 49 days of age in rabbits, and 70% ad libitum from 12 to 15 weeks of age in nutrias. Animals were fed ad libitum prior to and following restriction. The results showed stronger effects of feed restriction, sex, and their interaction on the meat quality of broiler chickens than in rabbits and nutrias. The effect of feed restriction, sex and their interaction were mainly observed in the nutritional value of meat, while physical measurements of meat were negligibly affected. The interaction between feed restriction and sex affected the cross-sectional area of muscle fibre only in rabbits and nutrias. The data indicated the relationships between compensatory growth, muscle fibre distribution, and nutritional value of meat.
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Pangestika, Sandra Dwi, Elis Dihansih, and Anggraeni Anggraeni. "EFFECTS OF SUBSTITUTION OF BASAL FEED WITH FERMENTED NON CONVENTIONAL FEED IN RATION ON PHYSICAL QUALITY OF BROILER MEAT." JURNAL PETERNAKAN NUSANTARA 4, no. 2 (2018): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.30997/jpnu.v4i2.1541.
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Demand for broiler meat for fulfilling people’s need for animal protein is increasing as it is nutritious and cheap in price. This study was aimed at assessing the effects of substitution of basal feed with fermented non conventional feed in ration on physical quality of broiler meat. The study was conducted from May to June 2017 at the Animal Laboratory of Djuanda University, Bogor. Proximate analysis on palm kernel cake, coconut cake, tofu waste product, and dried cassava was conducted at the laboratory of the Research Center of Biological Resources and Biotechnology, Bogor Agricultural University. Twenty-four of broiler chickens were used. A completely randomized design with 6 treatments and 4 replicates was used. Treatments consisted of 100% basal ration (R0, control), 90% basal ration + 10% non conventional feed (R1), 75% basal ration + 25% non conventional feed (R2), 60% basal ration + 40% non conventional feed (R3), 45% basal ration + 55% non conventional feed (R4), and 30% basal ration + 70% non conventional feed (R5). Results showed that water holding capacity, water content, and tenderness of meat were significantly different (P<0.05) but pH and cooking loss were not (P>0.05). Key words: broiler chicken, non conventional feed, meat physical quality
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Ondiek, J.O1 Kemboi F.2 and Mutai P.N.3. "Improvement of the Feed Availability in Pastoral Zones of East Africa- A Review." ISRG Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences (ISRGJAVS) II, no. I (2025): 16–22. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14741002.
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<strong>Abstract</strong> <em>Pastoral areas in East Africa mostly consist of arid and semi-arid land which are majorly occupied by livestock farmers. The areas are characterized by prolonged drought which adversely affects the availability of the pastures and fodder. Feed resource availability depends on the rainfall patterns and the browse found in the pastoral zones is majorly characterized by thorn bushes which are of low carrying capacity The quality and availability of the feeds in rainy seasons are high thus achieving the general livestock productivity while in the dry season, there is poor quality and quantity, low digestibility, low crude proteins and mineral deficiency. Other than droughts, some factors affect the availability of the feeds in these zones like land degradation which lowers the growth of the pasture, poor grazing management, land use, subdivision of land, inadequate skills to produce and conserve feeds, and lack of information. The quantity and the quality of the available feed resources can be improved by strategies such as pasture rehabilitation, conservation of fodder, integration of pasture and forage into the farming system, utilization of irrigation, improved grazing land management practices, like destocking and controlled grazing, and physical treatments such as soaking, chopping and chemical treatments, such as ammoniation and urea treatment. In conclusion, future efforts should aim at enhancing feed production and storage at the local level as well as developing sustainable use of land resources by pastoralists to produce feeds throughout the year to support constant livestock production. These developments in feed availability are essential in maintaining pastoralism livelihoods in East Africa.</em> <strong>Keywords:</strong><em> Arid and semi-arid, Drought, Feed availability, Improvement strategies</em>
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Koeshardianto, Meidya, Wahyudi Agustiono, and Wahyudi Setiawan. "Classification of Corn Seed Quality using Residual Network with Transfer Learning Weight." Elinvo (Electronics, Informatics, and Vocational Education) 8, no. 1 (2023): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/elinvo.v8i1.55763.
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Corn is one of the main ingredients in farm animal feed. Currently, corn is preferable because widely available and cheaper in the market than others. However, it needs quality control on corn production. The company that manufactures animal feed has certain quality standards to receive corn material. On the other hand, the quality of corn produced varies greatly. Thus, quality control when receiving corn from suppliers greatly affects the quality of animal feed. The quality of feed ingredients is classified into physical properties and analytical values. Physical properties are determined so that the resulting corn can be accepted or rejected, while the analytical value is used as the basis for formulating the diet. The physical properties of corn are determined by the human senses, such as sight and smell, while the analytical value is by chemical analysis. Physical quality control by relying on human senses is certainly limited and takes time. Based on these problems, it needs to make a classification system of corn seeds automatically. This study uses corn seed images as classification data. The system uses public data from Naagar which consists of four classes: pure, discolored, silk cut, and broken. Image classification uses a Convolutional Neural network (CNN) with ResNet152v2 architecture. The hyperparameters used consist of a learning rate of 0.001, a batch size of 512, and an epoch of 25. Adaptive Moment Estimation (Adam) for the optimizer. Percentage of data training vs validation 80:20. The validation results show an accuracy of 65%, precision of 66%, and recall of 64%.
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Nur, Aulia Ramadhani, Bambang Widjanarko Simon, Hu Shao-Yang, and Lin Jenshinn. "Modification of Rice Noodle Physical, Cooking Properties and Microstructure through Xanthan Gum and Moisture Control." International Journal of Current Science Research and Review 07, no. 09 (2024): 6916–22. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13693430.
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Abstract : Noodles have been a staple dish in Asia since ancient times, taking numerous shapes and forms. Presentation, texture, eating quality, and cooking qualities are all factors that influence its quality. Noodles can be made using either traditional or extrusion methods. Pasta extruders are modern machines that create pasta in a variety of shapes. Xanthan gum is a hydrocolloid that enhances the physical properties of rice. Its functions include enhancing texture quality, increasing air binding ability, and stabilizing dough structure. The amount of xanthan gum used influences not just the physical properties of rice, but also the feed composition. The air feed content is a crucial factor influencing the flavor of noodles. Using a pasta extrusion machine, this study investigated the influence of xanthan gum (0%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%) and feed moisture (35%, 40%, and 45%) on rice noodle characteristics. This study found that the optimum treatment was xanthan gum 1.5% and feed moisture 40%. This treatment has the following values: cooking time 5.83 minutes, cooking loss 5.95%, water absorption 274.12%, hardness 0.3887, adhesiveness = -0,0027 L = 75.51, a = -0.53 and b = 8.92.
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Avvaru, S. V. Sandeep, Ziqing Zeng, and Keshab K. Parhi. "Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Feed-Forward XOR Physical Unclonable Functions." IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security 15 (2020): 2485–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2020.2968113.
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Chen, Tianyou, Wenyu Zhang, Yuxin Liu, et al. "Effects of Wet Fermented Soybean Dregs on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Pellets of Corn Stover." Animals 12, no. 19 (2022): 2632. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12192632.
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Pelleting experiments were carried out in this study to clarify the influence mechanism of wet-fermented soybean dregs on the forming of corn stover. The effects of addition of water or wet fermented soybean dregs on the forming quality of corn stover were comparatively studied under different corn stover particle sizes and compression displacement. The fermented soybean dregs significantly affected the relaxed density, dimensional stability coefficient, and hardness of feed pellets. The relaxed density, dimensional stability coefficient, and hardness of feed pellets increased first and then decreased with the increase of fermented soybean dregs. The forming quality of corn stover added with fermented soybean dregs was higher than that of corn stover added with the same amount of water. The mechanism allowed soybean dregs to strengthen the bonding between corn stover particles and thus improved the quality of feed pellets. A certain amount of water was favorable for corn stover pelleting, but excessive water may decrease the quality of pellets. The comprehensive analysis showed that the addition of 5–10% fermented soybean dregs to the corn stover improved the relaxed density, dimensional stability coefficient, and hardness of feed pellets by 10.76–23.51%, 7.32–15.74%, and 33.39–454.47%, respectively.
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Pujaningsih, Retno Iswarin, Bambang Waluyo Hadi Eko Prasetiyono, Sri Mukodiningsih, Baginda Iskandar Moeda Tampoebolon, and Cahya Setya Utama. "Kajian Level Kadar Air dan Ukuran Partikel Bahan Pakan Terhadap Penampilan Fisik Wafer." Jurnal Agripet 13, no. 1 (2013): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/agripet.v13i1.547.
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Study on the level of water content and particle size of feed ingredients to the physical appearance of wafer ABSTRACT. This study attempted wafer manufacturing technology development of conventional feed ingredients. The benefit of wafer increase feed consumption and feed efficiency, increase the metabolizable energy content of the feed, kill pathogenic bacteria, reduce the amount of feed scattered, extending the storage time, ensure the balance of feed nutrients and vitamins to prevent oxidation. Research was continuing several research activities on wafer manufacturing technology that has been done and continues to be developed by the researchers. The long term goal of a series of research is to obtain basic information to the wafer manufacturing optimum quality and measurable. Specific target is to obtain basic information about the quality of the wafer on the level of water content and the use of a certain particle size. The research method used was experimental and analytical methods in the laboratory. The results showed that based on the test of physical qualities (moisture content, density, water absorption) showed that the use of the level of moisture content up to 8% with a particle size of 10-20 mm feed material provides the best physical appearance of wafer.
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Rostini, Tintin. "Inoculan Differences in the Quality of Physical and Nutrition Quality Palm Fermentation Fronds as Animal Feed." IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science 10, no. 01 (2017): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/2380-1001012932.
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Muna, Yuniarti, Gusti Nyoman Gde Bidura I, and Wayan Siti Ni. "Effect of probiotic supplementation in the diet on the production and physical quality of eggs in laying hens." World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences 15, no. 1 (2023): 138–44. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8327744.
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Probiotics are beneficial microorganisms that are used as feed supplements whose activity in the host's digestive tract produces organic acids so that the intestinal microflora is always in a balanced state and nutrient absorption can be optimal. This study aims to examine the effect of probiotic (Pro-B10) supplementation in the diet on egg characteristics and performance of laying hens. A total of 120 hens aged 60 weeks were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups, namely: the group of laying hens fed a diet supplemented with 0.5% Pro-B10 (P1); 1% Pro-B10 (P2); and 1.5% Pro-B10 (P3). The control group of chickens was fed without Pro-B10 (P0). Each treatment with 5 repetitions with 30 hens per repetition. The results showed that the hens in the P3 group had the highest egg production and feed efficiency (P<0.05) compared to the P0, P1 and P2 hen groups. Pro-B10 supplementation in the diet had a significant (P<0.05) effect on egg characteristics.It can be concluded that supplementation of 1.5% probiotic Pro-B10 in feed for Lohmann Brown laying hens from 60-68 weeks of age, can increase egg production and feed efficiency, as well as increase the weight and color of eggshells which are preferred by consumers.