To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Physician-Assisted Suicide.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Physician-Assisted Suicide'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 48 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Physician-Assisted Suicide.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Smith, Stephen William. "Autonomy, paternalism and physician-assisted suicide." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488070.
Full text
2
Frantz, William Clyde. "A New Justification for Physician-Assisted Suicide." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/144347.
Full text
3
Tapley, Robin L. "Moral responsibility in physician-assisted death /." *McMaster only, 1997.
Find full text
4
Echewodo, Christian Chidi. "Professional Integrity and the Dilemma in Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)." Thesis, Linköping University, Centre for Applied Ethics, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2405.
Full textAbstract:
There is no stronger or more enduring prohibition in medicine than the rule against the killing of patients by doctors. This prohibition is rooted in some medical codes and principles. Out standing among the principles surrounding these prohibitions are the principles of beneficence and non-maleficience. The contents of these principles in a way mark the professional integrity of the physician. But the modern approach to health care services pulls a demand for the respect of the individual right of self-determination. This demand is now glaring in almost all the practices pertaining to health care services. In end of life decisions, this modern demand is found much in practices like physician- assisted suicide and euthanasia. It demands that the physician ought to respect the wish and choice of the patient, and so, must assist the patient in bringing about his or her death when requested. In such manner, this views the principle of autonomy as absolute and should not be overridden in any circumstance.
However, the physician on his part is part of the medical profession that has integrity to protect. This integrity in medical profession which demands that the physician works only towards the health care of the patient and to what reduces diseases and deaths often go contrary to this respect for individual autonomy. Thus faced with such requests by patients, the physician always sees his integrity in conflict with his demand to respect the autonomous choice of the patient and so has a dilemma in responding to such requests. This is the focus of this work,"Professional Integrity and the Dilemma in Physician- Assisted Suicide"
However, the centre of my argument in this work is not merely though necessary to develop general arguments for or against the general justification of PAS, but to critically view the role played by the physicians in assisting the death of their patients as it comes in conflict with the medical obligation and integrity. Is it morally right, out rightly wrong or in certain situation permissible that physicians respond positively to the request of the patients for PAS? This is the overarching moral problem in the morality of physician- assisted suicide, and this work will consider this in line with the main problem in the work “the dilemma of professional physicians in the assistance of suicide.
5
Opara, Ignatius Chidiebere. "Voluntary Euthanasia and Physician Assisted Suicide : A Critical Ethical Comparative Analysis." Thesis, Linköping University, Centre for Applied Ethics, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2915.
Full textAbstract:
The two most controversial ends of life decisions are those in which physicians help patients take their lives and when the physician deliberately and directly intervenes to end the patients’ life upon his request. These are often referred to as voluntary euthanasia and physician assisted suicide. Voluntary euthanasia and physician assisted suicide have continued to be controversial public issues. This controversy has agitated the minds of great thinkers including ethicians, physicians, psychologists, moralists, philosophers even the patient himself. Hence the physician, patient, the public and policy makers have recently had to face several difficult questions.
Is it morally right to end the life of the patients? Is there any moral difference at all between Voluntary euthanasia and physician assisted suicide? Should a terminally ill patient be allowed to take his life and should the medical profession have the option of helping the patient die. Should voluntary euthanasia and physician assisted suicide be legalised at all? And what actually will be the legal and moral implications if they are allowed.
In a bid to find a lasting solution to these moral problems and questions has led to two different strong positions viz opponents and proponents of voluntary euthanasia and physician assisted suicide. The centre of my argument in this work is not to develop new general arguments for or against voluntary euthanasia and physician assisted suicide but to make a critical ethical comparative analysis of voluntary euthanasia and physician assisted suicide. This is the focus of my work. The sole aim of this work is neither to solely condemn nor to support voluntary euthanasia and physician assisted suicide but to critically analyze the two since we live in a world of pluralism.
6
Dixon, Laura Marie. "Physician-assisted suicide for the terminally ill patient : a constitutional right?" Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 1997. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/168.
Full textAbstract:
This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Health and Public Affairs
Legal Studies
7
Jotterand, Fabrice. "Created in God's image a theological critique of physician assisted suicide /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1999. http://www.tren.com.
Full text
8
Vangouver, Maria. "Physician Assisted Suicide - Ethically Defendable or Not? : A Qualitative Ethical Analysis." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-77063.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Physician assisted suicide (PAS) is the process where the patient terminateshis/her life with the aid of a physician who provides a prescription for lethal medication thatthe patient self-administers in order to commit suicide. PAS is practiced in several countriesand is now gaining support in Sweden. The debate shows some confusion regarding thedefinition of concepts and raises several ethical concerns. Aim: To provide an empirical background and clarify concepts. To analyze the ethical arguments for and against PAS. To investigate relevant ethical differences between PAS, euthanasia and withdrawal oflife-sustaining treatment. Materials and methods: Qualitative literature study based on argumentative- and conceptualanalysis on hermeneutic ground. Materials were gathered through a literature search andconsist of scientific articles, debate articles and official materials. Results: The main ethical arguments supporting PAS are autonomy, beneficence and dignity.PAS is by supporters seen as an act of compassion, which fulfills the physician’s obligation ofnon-abandonment. Opponents emphasize that PAS goes against the duty of beneficence andnonmaleficence and fear that there may be a slippery slope where more and more people willdemand PAS. Conclusion: There is no consensus on whether PAS is considered ethically defendable or not.PAS appears to involve a conflict of interest between the principles of beneficence andautonomy. There seems to be some factual disagreements as well as different positions as tohow the ethical principles should be interpreted, and which ethical principle should be valuedthe highest.
9
Holody, Kyle J. "CONSTRUCTING THE END: FRAMING AND AGENDA-SETTING OF PHYSICIAN-ASSISTED SUICIDE." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1305663580.
Full text
10
West, Christopher James. "A comparative study of hospice exposure versus attitudes towards physician assisted suicide." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1995. http://www.tren.com.
Full text
11
Minnich, Donna K. "Euthanasia and physician assisted suicide: attitudes and beliefs among college age students." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2000. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/3496.
Full textAbstract:
This study examined the attitudes and beliefs of college age students about euthanasia and physician assisted suicide. It compared the attitudes of college students at Clark Atlanta University and Georgia State University and how those differed from other groups. It assumed that race, age, and gender would have an impact on the attitudes and beliefs of college students concerning euthanasia, physician assisted suicide, and a terminal illness. The approach used to gather this information was to distribute a questionnaire to Clark Atlanta University and Georgia State University students in the Atlanta area. The findings revealed that the majority of students were in favor of euthanasia and physician assisted suicide and thought these practices should be legalized. The conclusions drawn from this study suggest that race, age, and gender do have an influence on attitudes and physician assisted suicide. These students support the legalization of euthanasia and physician assisted suicide. A significant majority of them thought they should have the right to do so if they themselves had a terminal illness.
12
Benestad, Janet. "Physician Assisted Suicide in Massachusetts: Vote "No" on 2012 Ballot Question 2." Thesis, Boston College, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:109067.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis advisor: Marc LandyThe “Death with Dignity Act,” if passed in November 2012 in Massachusetts by means of a ballot initiative, would have allowed doctors to prescribe lethal drugs to patients with fewer than six months to live. Introduced by two pro-assisted suicide organizations from the Pacific Northwest, the initiative was expected to take advantage of a political “perfect storm” brewing in the Bay State. A blue state in a presidential election year, with President Obama at the top of the Democratic ticket, Massachusetts was expected to produce an electoral outcome favorable to assisted suicide. Oregon and Washington State had legalized physician-assisted suicide in 1998 and 2008, respectively. Polling in 2011 showed a 2-1 majority among Massachusetts voters in favor of assisted suicide. Nonetheless, the Archbishop of Boston and the Bishops of Worcester, Fall River and Springfield, organized as the Massachusetts Catholic Conference, took up the challenge to oppose the initiative. Relying on the expertise of paid political consultants, they mounted a two-tiered campaign. An internal component, directed at Catholics, included the dissemination of over 2 million pieces of in-print and electronic materials urging a “no” vote on the measure. An external component, directed at the wider public, relied on a coalition of organizations representing the three major religions, health and hospice organizations, disabilities rights activists, and pharmacists. Using “flaws” in the bill identified through strategic polling, they appealed to voters even sympathetic to assisted suicide to reject the bill. When the votes were counted 2.7 million Massachusetts citizens voted on the physician-assisted suicide initiative and it was defeated by 67,891 votes, 51.1% to 48.9%. One key to the defeat was the split in the vote in the city of Boston, where Question 2 was defeated 50.9% to 49.1% . Twelve of Boston’s 22 wards voted against the measure. Leading the way among the twelve were Dorchester, Roxbury, and Hyde Park, traditionally black, liberal Democratic strongholds. This study shows that even the most effective, well-funded, Church-initiated campaign in Massachusetts in 2012 might well have foundered on the 2-1 majority in favor of assisted suicide at the polls, not for the strategic identification of “flaws in the bill,” the broad-based coalition campaign based on them, and the “split in the vote in the black community in Boston.”
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2021
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Political Science
13
Crutchfield, Nikki J. Bowling Cynthia Jones. "To succeed of not to succeed how do political influences, culture, and demographics of a state afffect the passing of physician assisted suicide initiatives? /." Auburn, Ala., 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1497.
Full text
14
Kaur, Jaskiran. "Attitudes of Suicide Prevention Workers toward Euthanasia." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37720.
Full textAbstract:
Extensive research has been conducted on the attitudes of physicians and nurses toward euthanasia. However, little is known on the attitudes of suicide prevention workers (SPWs). The objectives of this study were to: (1) examine the attitudes of SPWs toward euthanasia for a non-descript person versus for a loved one; (2) verify the association between personal factors (experiences, sociodemographics) and attitudes, and (3) explore personal experiences of SPWs in relation to grievous illness. A survey was sent out to all suicide prevention centres across Quebec (n=32). A majority of SPWs (55.7%) held positive attitudes toward euthanasia for a non-descript person and for a loved one (49.5%). Statistically significant differences were found in attitudes among SPWs who had personal and professional experiences. There were no other statistically significant differences in the attitudes of SPWs toward euthanasia for a non-descript person or for a loved one, and any of the sociodemographic factors. Three themes emerged from the qualitative analysis of open-ended question on personal experiences of SPWs: respect of choice, suffering/low quality of life and palliative care. While some findings may be concluded from this study, it is essential that this topic be explored further as research on SPWs’ attitudes on euthanasia is limited. Research outcomes of this study can have important short-term and long-term implications on suicide prevention and training of SPWs to improve services offered to clients.
15
Stanners, Andrew John. "Would the permitting of Physician Assisted Suicide be a desirable extension of patient choice?" Thesis, University of Leeds, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/18051/.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation argues that the permitting of Physician Assisted Suicide (PAS) is not a desirable extension of patient choice. Should PAS be made permissible by making it a live option, then certain patients may request it and be harmed by wrongful death. Furthermore, the harm to patients who suffer wrongful death as a result of requesting PAS trumps the harm to patients who must endure unbearable suffering should PAS not be permitted. The line of argument in defence of these claims is, first, that contrary to the common view, agents may sometimes be harmed when they are presented with an additional option. Second, the harm that may result from having an additional option occurs as a result of certain features of the agent or the context in which the agent is choosing. This second argument goes beyond previous ones because it explains two additional harms to an agent from a new option. These are harms resulting from three types of weak character and resulting from normative features of what I term the context of choice. Third, in order to decide whether or not to extend patient choice by permitting PAS, the harm to patients who may request it and suffer wrongful death and the harm to patients who are suffering unbearably and who cannot relieve their suffering through PAS must be weighed against one another. This weighing of harms is possible through insights gained from types of need. Categorical needs trump instrumental ones, and are also parallel to categorical harms. So, the categorical harm of wrongful death trumps lesser harms, such as suffering unbearably. Since the harm to patients who suffer wrongful death, should PAS be permitted, trumps the harm to other patients who are suffering unbearably, permitting PAS is not a desirable extension of patient choice.
16
Bright, Trudy Bernice. "Doctors killing patients the societal risks of legalizing physician-assisted suicide in the United States /." Connect to Electronic Thesis (ProQuest) Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2009. http://worldcat.org/oclc/461268073/viewonline.
Full text
17
Newman, Timothy D. "Links between ethics and public policy a Q methodological study of physician assisted suicide and euthanasia /." [Kent, Ohio] : Kent State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=kent1113589210.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Kent State University, 2005.Title from PDF t.p. (Aug. 9, 2006) Advisors: Steven R. Brown, Jennifer P. Maxwell. Keywords: PAS, physician-assisted suicide, ethics and public policy, euthanasia, end of life policies, the right to die debate, Q methodology. Includes bibliographical references (p. 161- 173).
18
DiFilippo, Stephanie Marie. "Assisted Suicide; The Moral Permissiblity of Hastening Death." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu157415968616075.
Full text
19
Newman, Timothy David. "LINKS BETWEEN ETHICS AND PUBLIC POLICY: A Q METHODOLOGICAL STUDY OF PHYSICIAN ASSISTED SUICIDE AND EUTHANASIA." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1113589210.
Full text
20
Fausto, Melchor Veronica Lorraine. "HOSPICE SOCIAL WORKERS’ ATTITUDE ON PHYSICIAN-ASSISTED SUICIDE AND PRACTICE UNDER CALIFORNIA’S END OF LIFE OPTION ACT." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/632.
Full textAbstract:
Currently in the United States, five states have enacted physician-assisted suicide as a legal end of life option for terminal patients. Research indicates that most patients who have died under this mean have been enrolled in hospice services. With the recent enactment of California’s End of Life Option Act, hospice social workers will find themselves educating and assisting patients and/or their families with this and other end of life decisions. Research has thoroughly examined physician and nurses’ involvement and attitude in the matter, but little has been researched regarding social workers. This study aimed to identify the factors that affect hospice social workers’ attitude towards physician-assisted suicide and how California’s End of Life Option Act affects their practice. In-depth face-to- face interviews with 8 hospice social workers were conducted. The study found that all 8 participants held positive attitudes towards physician-assisted suicide, support the End of Life Option Act, and feel prepared to assist patients and handle requests for the End of Life Option. Factors such as social work values and professional experience have a positive effect and validate their attitude, and factors such as religion does not affect their attitude. Due to low participation, the overall results were limited; therefore, additionally research should be extensively conducted to gain a better understanding. Regardless, a structured physician-assisted suicide protocol for social workers would benefit micro practice and macro developments.
21
Van, der Merwe Abrie. "An analysis of assisted dying and the practical implementation thereof in South African criminal law." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65628.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation will examine the legality of assisted dying procedures performed in the Republic of South Africa. This is due to the rising awareness about terminal patients’ dignity and autonomy at the end of their life. The physician’s liability, who assists such a patient to end their life, will be examined and whether there is any legal recourse available will be explored. Comparisons will also be made between other legal systems, including Canada, the Netherlands, Oregon of the United States of America and England and Wales. These jurisdictions have been chosen to provide a wide variety of perspectives and possible alternatives that South Africa should take into consideration should parliament or the courts decide to argue the matter. Other sources are also considered, such as the influence of the history and development of the common law crime of murder, as well as the role the Health Professions Council of South Africa will play. Possibly most importantly, the material criminal law of South Africa is thoroughly studied with all forms of assisted dying in mind. This is to establish what kind of liability, criminal or otherwise, a physician might incur should they decide to assist a patient in these circumstances. Lastly, recommendations are made based on the research done throughout this dissertation, which would ideally assist in any future arguments made on the topic.Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Public Law
LLM
Unrestricted
22
Price, Annabel. "Mental capacity assessment for terminally ill adults requesting physician assisted suicide : a qualitative study using a grounded theory approach." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2016. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/mental-capacity-assessment-for-terminally-ill-adults-requesting-physician-assisted-suicide(c77dec7a-ee77-4efd-9670-caf2d800e90b).html.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explores the issue of mental capacity assessment for terminally ill adults requesting physician assisted suicide. A grounded theory approach was used to explore the perspectives of senior doctors on assessment of mental capacity for this group. Twenty four doctors (nine psychiatrists, eight general practitioners, two oncologists, two palliative physicians and three surgeons) were theoretically sampled and participated in individual in depth interviews. Constant comparative analysis of the data led to the emergence of the core category of knowing the patient. Knowing and the process of getting to know were individually interpreted and depended on the doctor, the patient and their intersubjective relationship. The process of getting to know comprised three elements: temporality, dimensionality and quality leading to a sense of knowing. Contextualised knowing, the sense of knowing informed by individualised contextual factors existed on a spectrum ranging from not knowing to knowing too well. The place of the specific doctor patient relationship on this spectrum related to the way assessment might be approached based upon valued objectivity whereby an ‘objective’ assessment was valued above a ‘subjective’ judgement. To preserve valued objectivity the approach to assessment varied according to how well the patient was known. If a patient was not known or not known well, a structured/procedural approach was favoured; for patients who were known there was a tendency toward a gut feeling based approach; but when a patient was known too well there was a perceived threat to valued objectivity, then a conscious return to a procedural, structured approach was favoured in order to return the sense of objectivity to the assessment process. Comparison of these findings with those from other studies extended the model by incorporating wider contextual and temporal conditions of variation from which parallels with extant theory on the development of expert practice were drawn.
23
Walker, Ollie Dooling. "Physician assisted suicide : a survey of North Carolina end of life care workers : a project based upon an independent investigation /." View online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10090/5943.
Full text
24
Hegarty, Benjamin. "Attitudes among Swedish medical students towards assisted dying." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-90275.
Full textAbstract:
IntroductionOver the last decades a positive shift in attitudes towards legalisation of assisted dying (AD) (AD including euthanasia (EUT) and physician-assisted suicide (PAS)) have occurred in western Europe. Physicians are generally more negative than the general public toward legalisation. Medical students’ attitudes, as future practitioners, are important to assess when addressing this ethically complex issue.AimThe aim was to explore the attitudes among medical students at Örebro university, Sweden regarding assisted dying and their stance on the legalisation of assisted dying and to evaluate if religious beliefs, current term of study, gender, and a shift of legal framing would affect medical students´ attitudes.MethodsA cross-sectional online-based anonymous survey containing eight different patient scenarios was distributed to all medical students enlisted at Örebro university Sweden (n=657). Association between demographics and positive attitudes towards AD was tested using logistic regression, and McNemar for difference of proportion in attitudes between various scenario framings.ResultsThirty five percent (n=229) of the medical students responded with completed questionnaires. Sixty percent of the respondents believed PAS for terminally ill patients should be legalized in Sweden. Shifting of legal framing resulted in statistically significant differences of position in all eight scenarios (p<0.05). Strong religious beliefs were associated with decreased likelihood for positive attitudes towards AD in scenario 1-6 (p<0.05).ConclusionsMost respondents in this study believed PAS should be legalised. Held attitudes toward AD were affected by religious beliefs and legal framework. Additional studies to further explore medical students´ attitudes are deemed necessary.
25
LEIPOLDT, Erik, and eleipoldt@upnaway com. "Good life in the balance: a cross-national study of Dutch and Australian disability perspectives on euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide." Edith Cowan University. Education And Arts: School Of, 2003. http://adt.ecu.edu.au/adt-public/adt-ECU2006.0010.html.
Full textAbstract:
This is a cross-national qualitative study with the purpose of obtaining perspectives held by people with quadriplegia and leading figures in disability movements in the Netherlands and Australia on the issues of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide (EPAS). A disability voice is not prominent in public debate on EPAS in Australia or the Netherlands, even though people with disabilities are often thought to be vulnerable in relation to EPAS policies. Disability perspectives are potentially valuable in illuminating issues in relation to euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide, because issues of dependence, independence, and individual autonomy play important roles in relation to both EPAS and to living with disability. The study's methodology uses a phenomenological approach and incorporates aspects of heuristics and grounded theory. Its conceptual framework incorporates MacIntyre's (1999) theory of acknowledged dependency and vulnerability; Habermas' (1989) theory of knowledge; and Festinger's (1959) theory of cognitive dissonance. The main sample of twenty people with quadriplegia (the grassroots sample) was interviewed in the Netherlands and in Australia.
26
Chowdhury, Rezawana. "The role religion plays in attitudes toward euthanasia." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/671.
Full textAbstract:
This research investigated the role religion plays in how individuals view euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide. One hundred participants from each of the three major monotheistic world religions were given a seven-question survey. The seven questions consisted of statements regarding the knowledge of their own religion, how the participants feel about terminally ill patients and those who have lost vital functions, and also whether or not they believe euthanasia is morally just. It was predicted that the participants who belong to Judaism and Islam viewed euthanasia as morally just and participants who belong to the Christianity viewed euthanasia as morally incorrect.B.S.
Bachelors
Sciences
Psychology
27
Bjurling, Natalie, and Sandra Jörgenstam. "Sjuksköterskans erfarenheter av dödshjälp : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal Bräcke högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-6522.
Full textAbstract:
Bakgrund: Dödshjälp är ett debatterat ämne som berör sjuksköterskans arbetsuppgifter. Flera länder och stater har legaliserat dödshjälp. Dödshjälp kan ses som ett sätt att respektera patientens önskemål, att lindra lidande och bevara värdighet. Det kan även ställas mot vårdpersonalens egen autonomi eller ICN:s etiska kod som menar att sjukvårdens uppgift är att lindra och bota sjukdom och inte skada patienten. Vårdpersonal beskriver svårigheter i att hantera situationer där dessa komponenter på olika sätt ställs emot varandra. Syfte: Syftet var att belysa sjuksköterskans erfarenheter upplevelser och faktorer som kan påverka upplevelser av att arbeta med personer som önskar eller kommer att genomgå dödshjälp. Metod: En litteraturöversikt i enlighet med Friberg genomfördes. Resultatet byggde på tio originalartiklar som togs fram genom systematisk sökning. Analysen genomfördes genom tematisering och färgkodning. Resultat: Arbetet med dödshjälp upplevdes olika beroende på vilken typ av dödshjälp som genomfördes, patientens och anhörigas upplevelser, deltagandet i beslutsfattandet, etiska koder och lagar som gällde samt sjuksköterskornas egna värderingar och erfarenheter. Detta ledde till både positiva och negativa upplevelser för sjuksköterskan. Dessa upplevelser kunde också hanteras genom formellt eller informellt stöd, vilket i sin tur bidrog till sjuksköterskans upplevelser. Diskussion: Resultatet diskuteras utefter Travelbees teori om den mellanmänskliga relationen och hur vårdandet utan roller kan bidra till en bättre vård, men även påverka sjuksköterskans upplevelser av vården. Dessutom diskuteras om hur sjuksköterskans egna värderingar och erfarenheter påverkar upplevelserna i vården.Background: Euthanasia is a debated subject that concerns nurses’ duties. Several countries and states have legalized euthanasia. Euthanasia can be seen as a way of respecting patients wishes, relieving suffering and preserving dignity. However, it can also be considered against healthcare personnels own autonomy or ICN ethical code, which means that the health care task is to alleviate and cure and not harm the patient. Healthcare professionals describe difficulties in dealing with situations where these components differ in a variety of ways. Aim: The aim of the study was to highlight nurses’ experiences and factors that may affect experiences of working with people who want or will undergo euthanasia. Method: A literature review according to Friberg was conducted. The result is based on ten original articles that were obtained through systematic search. The analysis was conducted by thematization and color-coding. Results: Workning with assistens in death was experienced differently depending on the type of euthanasia that was carried out, the experiences of patients and relatives, participation in decision making, ethical codes and laws, as well as nurses’ own values and experiences. This led to both positive and negative experiences for the nurse. These experiences could also be managed through formal or informal support, which in turn contributed to nurses’ experiences. Discussion: The discussion is based on Travelbees theory of interpersonal relationships and how care without rolls can contribute to better care, but also affect nurses’ experiences of care. In addition, there is discussion about how nurses own values and understandings affect experiences in health care.
28
Holody, Kyle J. "Framing Death: The Use of Frames in Newspaper Coverage of and Press Releases about Death with Dignity." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33154.
Full textAbstract:
Since passing its Death with Dignity Act into law in 1997, Oregon remains the only state in America to make physician-assisted suicide an explicit legal right. Currently, the legality of physician-assisted suicide falls under the jurisdiction of each individual state. Had the United States Supreme Court ruled differently in a recent case, however, the issue would have transferred to federal jurisdiction.
The Death with Dignity National Center (DDNC) takes responsibility for developing the original Death with Dignity Act and has since moved on to proposing similar legislation in other states. It also champions statesâ rights, fearing that placing physician-assisted suicide under federal jurisdiction would severely hinder its goals. The DDNC has led the legal movement for making physician-assisted suicide an end of life choice available in each state, as well as for keeping that decision at the state level.
Utilizing a content analysis, this study coded for frames used by the DDNC in its press releases and frames used in newspaper coverage of death with dignity across the same period of time. It was found that press releases about and newspaper coverage of the death with dignity social movement shared significant correlations in terms of the frames each used, as well as the level of substance given to these frames. Few significant correlations were found, however, for frame valence. It seems as though discussion of this social movement utilizes the same substantive or ambiguous frames, but cannot decide whether these frames are positive, neutral, or negative.Master of Arts
29
Bando, Catherine. "Assisted Death: Historical, Moral and Theological Perspectives of End of Life Options." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2018. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/513.
Full textAbstract:
The paper explores historical positions on suicide and philosophical, theological, and moral positions on physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia. In 1900, most people died from infectious diseases, which have relatively short periods of morbid decline. With advances in the biomedical sciences, people are living longer, and most people die from chronic diseases, which are usually accompanied by prolonged periods of morbid decline. In addition to living longer, people today are generally more individualist and seek methods to control many aspects of life. While assisted death is rarely used, it represents a means to control end-of-life suffering. The paper demonstrates that there is substantial opposition to assisted death among philosophers, theologians and bioethicists. The paper also argues that improved education about end-of-life palliative alternatives would alleviate fears about end-of-life suffering. The thesis is that the use of palliative alternatives is morally and ethically superior to physician-assisted suicide or euthanasia.
30
Martinsson, Anette, and Fredrika Nordin. "Sjuksköterskors inställning till eutanasi och bidragande faktorer till dessa inställningar : En deskriptiv litteraturstudie." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för hälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-22966.
Full textAbstract:
Bakgrund: Eutanasi är ett ämne som är väl omdebatterat i världen och betyder egentligen hjälp till en smärtfri död, men används idag som synonym till dödshjälp. Aktiv dödshjälp innebär att läkaren förskriver ett läkemedel med syfte att avsluta en patients liv. Läkarassisterat självmord innebär att patienten själv tar läkemedlet medan aktiv dödshjälp innebär att sjukvården hjälper till att avsluta patientens liv. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva sjuksköterskors inställning till eutanasi och de faktorer som beskrivs ligga bakom dessa inställningar, samt att beskriva undersökningsgrupperna i de valda artiklarna. Metod: Författarna gjorde en deskriptiv litteraturstudie. Artiklar har sökts fram i sökmotorn PubMed med en femårsbegränsning. Totalt 11 artiklar bearbetades och sammanställdes i kategorier för att besvara frågeställningarna. Resultat: Resultatet visade att sjuksköterskors inställning till eutanasi är en komplex fråga som kan vara beroende av olika faktorer som vilket land de arbetar i och vilka patientgrupper de arbetar med. Majoriteten av deltagarna i studierna var kvinnor i olika åldrar med olika lång arbetslivserfarenhet som sjuksköterska. Resultatet i föreliggande litteraturstudie presenteras utifrån tre huvudrubriker med utgångspunkt i frågeställningarna; Sjuksköterskors inställning till eutanasi, Bidragande faktorer till sjuksköterskornas inställning till eutanasi, samt den metodologiska aspekten undersökningsgrupper. Slutsats: Föreliggande litteraturstudie visar att sjuksköterskors inställning till eutanasi kan vara högst individuell och beroende av många faktorer. Att man som sjuksköterska kan komma i kontakt med dessa frågor är ett faktum, oavsett var och med vilka patienter man arbetar. Med mer erfarenhet och kunskap om ämnet kan sjuksköterskan känna sig tryggare i bemötandet med den döende patienten och dennes anhöriga.Background: Euthanasia is a well-discussed subject all around the world and means help to a painless death. Active euthanasia means that a doctor prescribes a drug intended to end a patients’ life. Physician-assisted suicide means that the patient takes the drug themselves, while active euthanasia involves medical help to end the patient’s life. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe nurses’ attitudes towards euthanasia and the factors described underlie these attitudes, as well as to describe the study groups in the included articles. Method: The authors conducted a descriptive literature review. The articles were found in the search engine PubMed with a five-year limit. A total of 11 articles were processed and summarized into categories to answer the research questions. Findings: The results showed that nurses' attitudes towards euthanasia is a complex issue which may be dependent on several factors such as which country they work in and which patient groups they work with. Most participants in the studies were women of different age and different experience as a nurse. The result of the present literature review form three main headings, based on the issues; nurses' attitudes towards euthanasia, contributing factors to the nurses' attitudes towards euthanasia, as well as the methodological aspect - study groups. Conclusion: The present literature review shows that nurses' attitudes towards euthanasia can be very individual and depend on many factors. It is a fact that nurses may come in contact with these issues, no matter where and with what kind of patients they work. With more experience and knowledge of the subject, the nurse may feel safer in facing the dying patients and their relatives.
31
Andersson, Marika, and Emma Karlsson. "Att vilja ha hjälp att dö : En litteraturöversikt om sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av, samt attityder kring dödshjälp." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-5665.
Full textAbstract:
Bakgrund: Dödshjälp är endast lagligt i ett fåtal länder och stater i världen, men det förekommer att patienter förmedlar en önskan om dödshjälp till vårdpersonal, även i andra länder. Läkare beskriver bördan med att hantera förfrågningar om dödshjälp och försöker undvika dessa genom att behandla patienters fysiska samt psykiska behov. Anhöriga till individer som dött genom dödshjälp, menade att den döende individens livskvalitet förbättrades i slutet av deras liv relaterat till beslutet gällande dödshjälp. Syfte: Att beskriva sjuksköterskors attityder till, samt erfarenheter kring dödshjälp. Metod: En litteraturöversikt, i enlighet med Friberg genomfördes. Systematisk sökning har utförts i databaserna CINAHL Complete och PubMed. Resultatet av översikten baseras på 13 originalartiklar. Resultat: Sjuksköterskors attityder varierar oavsett om de arbetar i länder där dödshjälp är lagligt eller inte. Tendenser tyder på att sjuksköterskor är mer positivt inställda till eutanasi än läkarassisterat självmord. De underliggande aspekter som påverkar sjuksköterskors attityder grundas på deras personliga värderingar utifrån professionell kunskap, erfarenheter och religiösa övertygelser. Sjuksköterskor kan rättfärdiga sina handlingar genom så kallad dubbel-effekt, där goda handlingar utförs trots att det kan leda till negativa konsekvenser. Palliativ vård fungerar som preventiv strategi, vilket tidvis minskar antalet förfrågningar om dödshjälp. Diskussion: Resultaten är diskuterade utifrån Beauchamp och Childress etiska principer, samt vårdande utifrån deras tolkning av vårdande etik. Det uppstår konflikter mellan sjuksköterskors personliga värderingar, yrkesprofessionella kunskap, lagar och de etiska principerna i vårdandet av döende individer med obotliga sjukdomar.
32
Teodorescu, Daniela Iulia. "Le point de vue des Roumains sur le don d'organes, les décisions de fin de vie et la couverture sociale : trois études d'éthique de soin Le point de vue des Roumains et des professionnels de la santé concernant le don d'organes vivants Le point de vue des roumains et des professionnels de santé concernant le Suicide Médicalement Assisté Le point de vue des roumains concernant la couverture sociale." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU20100.
Full textAbstract:
Nous étudions les conditions d’acceptabilité des Roumains concernant le don d’organes des donneurs vivants (DOV), le Suicide Médicalement assisté (SMA) et la Couverture maladie. Notre travail est basé sur la Théorie Fonctionnelle de l'Intégration de l'information de N.H. Anderson (1981). En ce qui concerne la 1ère étude : 263 adultes (dont 51 professionnels de santé) ont jugé de l'acceptabilité du DOV des 42 scénarii réalistes résultants de la combinaison de six facteurs : A) type d'organe, B) si le patient pouvait l'obtenir sur un cadavre C) relation donneur-receveur, D) niveau d'autonomie du donneur, E) compensation financière, F) niveau de responsabilité. Pour la seconde étude : 212 tout-venants et 52 professionnels de la santé ont jugé l'acceptabilité du SMA des 36 scénarii réalistes résultants de la combinaison de quatre facteurs : A) l'âge de la patiente, B) le degré d'incurabilité, C) le type de souffrance et D) la demande de SMA. Concernant la troisième étude : 271 adultes (dont 40 professionnels de santé et 33 gérants d’entreprise) ont jugé de l'acceptabilité de l’Assurance maladie des 51 scénarii réalistes résultants de la combinaison de cinq facteurs : A) La contribution de l’employeur, B) La contribution des travailleurs, C) La couverture des soins médicaux et dentaires, D) La couverture en cas de maladies graves ou chroniques, E) Les Bénéficiaires. Résultats : Concernant le DOV, sept positions de jugement qualitativement différentes ont été retrouvées : Inacceptable (12%), Marché libre (44%), Rémunération du donneur (12%), Altruisme (6%), Toujours acceptable (16%), Responsabilité du donneur (4%) et Indéterminée (6%). Pour notre seconde étude les résultats montrent que la majorité des tout-venants (51%) et des professionnels de la santé (85%) étaient opposés au SMA, peu importe les conditions. Concernant notre troisième étude les résultats montrent que la plupart des participants (78%) étaient favorables à l'existence d'un programme d'assurance maladieOur research investigates the views of Romanians lay people’s and health professionals regarding living organ donation (LOD), physician-assisted suicide (PAS) and health insurance program. Our work is based on N.H. Anderson's Functional Theory of Information Integration (1981). With regard to the first study: 263 adults (including 51 health professionals) rated the LOD's acceptability of the 42 realistic scenarios resulting from the combination of five factors: A) type of organ, B) whether it could have been obtained from a cadaver, C) donor-recipient relationship, D) donor's level of autonomy, E) financial compensation, to which we added factor F) patient’s level of responsibility for their illness. For the second study: 212 lay people’s and 52 health professionals judged the acceptability of PAS in 36 realistic vignettes composed of all combination of four factors: A) the patient’s age, B) the level of the incurability of the illness, C) the type of suffering, and D) the patient’s request for PAS. Regarding the third study: 271 adults (including 40 health professionals and 33 business managers) judged the acceptability of the health insurance program in 51 realistic scenarios resulting from the combination of five factors: A) Employers contribution, B) Workers contribution, C) Medical and dental coverage, D) Coverage of chronic or severe illness, E) Beneficiaries. Results: Regarding LOD, seven qualitatively different judgment positions were found: Never Acceptable (12%), Free Market (44%), Compensation (12%), Altruism (6%), Always Acceptable (16%), Patient’s responsibility (4%) and Undetermined (6%). For the second study, the results show that the majority of lay people (51%) and health professionals (85%) were opposed to the PAS, regardless of the conditions. Regarding our third study the results show that most participants (78%) favored the existence of a health insurance program
33
Stenberg, Anna, and Elisabeth Sundström. "Vad patienten vill och vad patienten får : En litteraturöversikt om dödshjälp." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal Bräcke högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-6523.
Full textAbstract:
Background: In 1997 it became legal for patients with a terminal illness to receive assistance to end their lives in Oregon, USA. The same legislative change came into force in the Netherlands in 2002. These changes have not occurred in Sweden, however a debate is ongoing in terms of the option to legalise active and physician assisted suicide and the ethical and moral aspects of this issue. Aim: The aim is to identify factors leading to patients with a diagnosis of cancer or ALS requesting assistance to end their lives. Method: A literature review and analysis was carried out, in combination with an overview of 11 ethically audited scientific articles. Results: The conclusion was divided into four main themes; depression and burden without a sub theme, pain with sub themes suffering and fatigue, existential values with sub theme hope and hopelessness and finally quality of life with the sub theme strength. Discussion: There is an evident interest in the discussion about legalising assisted suicide in Sweden, amongst patients as well as medical professionals. The patient's desire may be overridden as the subject is tabooed, thereby reducing patient autonomy and the patient´s right to self-determination. Patients' attitude towards death assistance has been discussed on the basis of theories of Helga Kuhse, Katie Eriksson and ICN's ethical code.Bakgrund: År 1997 blev det lagligt för en patient med obotlig sjukdom att få hjälp att avsluta sitt liv i delstaten Oregon i USA. I Nederländerna blev detta ett lagligt alternativ 2002. I Sverige är detta inte lagligt men det pågår en debatt om legaliseringen av aktiv och läkarassisterad dödshjälp ur ett etiskt och moraliskt perspektiv. Syfte: Syftet är att identifiera faktorer till varför patienter med cancer eller ALS ber om dödshjälp. Metod: En litteraturöversikt gjordes med en analys och en sammanställning av 11 etiskt granskade vetenskapliga artiklar. Resultat: Resultatet delades in i fyra huvudteman där tre teman hade underteman. Det första huvudtemat depression och börda hade inget undertema. Det andra huvudtemat smärta har följande underteman: lidande och fatigue. Det tredje huvudtemat existentiella värderingar har undertemat: hopp och hopplöshet och slutligen det fjärde huvudtemat livskvalitet har styrka som undertema. Diskussion: Ett intresse angående en legalisering av dödshjälp finns i Sverige hos både patienter och vårdpersonal. Patientens önskan kan bli åsidosatt då ämnet är tabubelagt och genom detta kan patientens autonomi och rätten till hens självbestämmande sänkas. Patienternas inställning till dödshjälp har diskuterats utifrån teorier av Helga Kuhse, Katie Eriksson och ICN´s etiska kod.
34
Yung, Nancy. "The right to be killed : reassessing the case for the moral right to voluntary active euthanasia." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2aa54686-b621-4323-b836-ce6099b5d2fd.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis defends an individual's moral right to be aided in dying by a physician (that is, voluntary active euthanasia, or VAE), but departs significantly from the view in its favor generally accepted in the bioethics literature. The prevailing view appeals to both respect for an individual's autonomy and promotion of an individual's well-being as necessary conditions for a right to VAE, so as to justify the right only for those suffering grave illnesses and/or disabilities. The author argues that such a view is logically untenable; one or another aspect must be given up. Since invoking the premise that certain individuals would be better off dead necessarily relies on controversial assumptions about both the value of life and the nature and value of death, about which reasonable people disagree, it is the justification from an individual's best interest which must be excluded in a liberal society. The author endorses a self-determination justification for the right to VAE, but rejects understanding this in terms of respecting personal autonomy, instead making the case for a right to VAE grounded in self-ownership. The author's main conclusion is that the right to VAE is a general right applying to all competent adults, not only those suffering grave illnesses or disabilities, or those whose choice for VAE is an exercise of autonomy. Moreover, by analyzing the basis of physician authority over prescription medicine and how this can be justified to a society of self-owners, she maintains that individuals have not only the right to choose VAE without state interference, but also the right to be provided VAE by doctors. Nevertheless, both rights are compatible with reasonable limitations to protect both the interests of VAE seekers and the rights of others.
35
Nilsson, Nicholas. "Svårt sjuka cancerpatienters intresse för aktiv dödshjälp." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-24787.
Full textAbstract:
Syftet med studien var att undersöka intresset för aktiv dödshjälp hos patienter som lider av en långt framskriden cancer samt vilka faktorer som påverkar dem i detta ställningstagande. I en litteraturstudie har relevant litteratur insamlats, analyserats och tolkats. Utifrån bevisen från sammanlagt fem kvalitativa studier har nya slutsatser dragits. Resultaten pekar på att det finns ett intresse för aktiv dödshjälp bland svårt sjuka cancerpatienter men att detta i hög grad är framtidsorienterat. Faktorer som påverkar intresset är uppfattningen om att vara en börda för andra, rädsla för framtiden, lidande, den demoraliserande inverkan som cancern har på individen samt religion och etik.The aim of this study was to examine the personal interest in receiving a physician hastened death among terminally ill cancer patients and the factors that are associated with such a consideration. A review of literature has been conducted on relevant articles. The evidence from a total of five qualitative studies formed the basis upon which new conclusions have been reached. The results suggest that an interest is prevalent among terminally ill cancer patients for receiving a physician hastened death. However, this is in most cases future orientated. Factors that influence patients in this consideration are the perception of being a burden to others, fear of the future, suffering, the demoralising effect that cancer has on the individual as well as religion and ethics.
36
Schimmoeller, Ethan. "Palliating Nihilism by Physician Aid-in-Dying: On Compassion, Autonomy, and the Question of Suicide." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1594485758002202.
Full text
37
LIN, YUNG-CHIEH, and 林詠傑. "Physician-assisted suicide." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ht6639.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中正大學
法律系研究所
107
In view of the fact that the our country already has a negative euthanasia pacing the Hospice Palliative Care Act and Patient Autonomy Act, but there is still a need to survive the end of life without pain, this paper intends to conduct research on less physician-assisted suicide discussed in the literature. The first chapter discusses the research background, research motivation, research purpose, research scope and research limitations, research methods and research framework. The second chapter defines the scope of physician-assisted suicide. Because of the confusion in the discussion of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide, it is difficult to focus on the discussion. Therefore, this paper analyzes various categories to define the scope of physician-assisted suicide. The concept of "suicide" and medical assistance "death" are not the same, and medical assistance "death" includes euthanasia initiated by others other than patients and medical assistance "suicide" initiated by patients themselves. Use medical assistance to "suicide". The concept of "physician-assisted suicide", this article believes that in the "behavior subject", the identity of the subject is limited to the doctor or medical team to assist and the hope of the death; the behavior of the subject is limited to the "behavior object" of positive behavior . The identity of the behavioral object, including terminal or non-terminal patients, also includes patients with mental or physical diseases; the inner thoughts of behavioral objects are limited to voluntary deaths; and the effects on behavioral objects include the consequences of accelerating death and alleviating pain. The main purpose of Chapter 3 is to summarize the opinions of the European Court of Human Rights on physician-assisted suicide. In addition to explaining the importance of the European Court of Human Rights, it is also to summarize the judgment of the European Court of Human Rights on physician-assisted suicide related cases. The judgments of Articles 2, 3, 8 and 14, whether in the discussion of Articles 8 and 14 of the European Convention on Human Rights, refer to the risk of abuse of the system, it is also inferred that the European Court of Human Rights believes that the scope of medical assistance for suicide seems to be relaxed to the "end-end, non-terminal patients", "because of psychological, physical diseases" and extremely painful, and to expand the scope of litigation. The fourth chapter discusses why the opinions of the European Court of Human Rights can be used as a reference for our country's legislation. In addition to analyzing the provisions of the European Convention on Human Rights and the relevance of our laws, we also respond to the risk of abuse of the system. This paper considers the European Court of Human Rights as an international importance. Human rights interpreting bodies and European human rights conventions and our laws have many similarities. They can introduce the opinions of the European Court of Human Rights when interpreting our laws, and through the analysis of the literature, we can know that even if medical assistance is allowed to commit suicide, no system is abused. This risk can also be avoided through the system. Finally, this article refers to the means and methods that may be institutionalized in our country. The fifth chapter is the conclusion, the suggestion and the future research direction. This paper summarizes the judgments of the European Court of Human Rights and proposes the principles of institutionalization in terms of entity and procedure. On the physical side, medical assistance for suicide based on Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights and Article 22 of the Constitution of our country on the basis of "freedom of general personality formation" should allow the people to freely decide "when and how to die". Freedom, and depending on the facts of the case, the state of the people should not be limited to "end or non-end" or "psychological or physical diseases"; the procedural proposal is open to the scope of litigation of the parties; finally, this article discusses possible future research directions.
38
Chang, Sing-Ving, and 張馨文. "Singer on Physician assisted suicide." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/778bn7.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中央大學
哲學研究所碩士在職專班
94
Abstract Physician assisted suicide is an important bioethics issue and a thorny moral dilemma. This dissertation gives an analysis of the morality of physician assisted suicide and tries to identify the moral reason for the solution of the moral problems surrounding this issue. Peter Singer is one of the few bioethicist that offers sound arguments to most of the bioethical issues, such as killing and euthanasia. His arguments for euthanasia are meticulous and strong and such arguments could be extended to support physician assisted suicide. Thus, this dissertation takes Singer’s approach for the analysis of the issue, and, argues and seeks a morally acceptable outlet for physician assisted suicide. Though Singer is a utilitarian, he proposes a slightly different preference utilitarianism other than the classical one, and argues that his preference utilitarianism is an improvement over the classical. Thus I start first with an elucidation of his preference utilitarianism and give an analysis of the theoretical implications of his theory as a ground for the exploration of his ideas on physician assisted suicide. The dissertation turns next to the five classical philosophical stands of suicide, including St Thomas Aquinas as representing the traditional theological position, Kant as the point of view of man as an end, Hume and Singer as utilitarianism and Tom L. Beauchamp’s intermediate position. It is arguable that suicide is not absolutely immorally. The dissertation then delves into the central problem of physician assisted suicide, especially Singer’s point of view. Besides getting his support for physician assisted suicide from his arguments for euthanasia, and the distinction between these two concepts and the concept of natural death, I argue that physician assisted suicide is the morally best choice among the three. The dissertation ends with Singer’s responses to such arguments of Leon R. Kass’s sanctity of life, Kant’s man as an end and Beauchamp’s objection to legalization on the ground of slippery slope. It concludes that physician assisted suicide is not a disrespect of life, nor a harm to physician-patient relation, but the solution for the tragic situation of patient with incurable but painful sickness. Consequently, this dissertation supports physician assisted suicide as a choice for incurable and painful patients to end their miserable life. Key words: suicide, physician assisted suicide, natural death, voluntary active euthanasia, preference utilitarianism, principle of equal consideration of interest, principle of autonomy, sanctity of life, slippery slope argument
39
Yang, Ya-chun, and 楊雅君. "Ethical reflection of the legalization of Physician-Assisted Suicide." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91220366172097422539.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中央大學
哲學研究所碩士在職專班
100
Saving the world uphold the duties of physicians who respect autonomy of the patients. Terminally ill patients suffering have the right to die. PAS is still controversial. This paper mainly discusses the rationality of physician assisted suicide. By Quill’s patterns that meet the conditions of PAS for patients’ suffering invalid. They still have the ability to act and take the initiative to ask the doctor to open up lethal drugs. The dignity of death is that "physician assisted suicide", and then derived legalized medically PAS reflection on the issues raised. In the U.S, the state of Washington, Death with Dignity encountered public policy problems after the formation of PAS. From the viewpoints of different scholars are in favor of and against the position of PAS. From Dr. Quill, suffering from acute leukemia, Diane’s PAS, and her case must meet the seven conditions. Beauchamp’s nine models in PAS are in line with the elements of Dian model. To help patients commit suicide, Kevorkian proposed model and Quill’s model. I’ll analyze its strengths and weaknesses. From the principle of self-discipline views of the morality of PAS can be demonstrated rational norms. From Kant''s principles of human dignity and self-discipline explore the controversial medical assistant suicide. Kant thinks suicide is to be condemned if medically assisted suicide is different from suicide. The value of life as the main, opposed to scholars and medically PAS. The theory is emphasized on human dignity. Therefore, medically assisted suicide must be considered through the specification before it can be morally acceptable medical assistance to commit suicide. In the principle of double effects that cause the patient medically assisted suicide It is a better life shortening effect than the patient''s pain. So side effects of drugs are a bad result. In favor of medically assisted suicide scholars believe that the patients have the right to die, not continuing to endure the pain of the disease. PAS can be a rational choice. To be legitimate medical PAS after the suicide encounter issues: abuse resulting landslide effect, terminally ill patients commit suicide claimed the right to die, differences of the doctor''s role changing, the doctor-patient relationship. Legalized PAS will face the reality of the problems and how these issues affect our perception of medically assisted suicide. Think about how to formulate suitable for Taiwanese health care system.
40
Lee, Su-Chen, and 李素貞. "The Ethics of Physician-Assisted Suicide and Dignity of Death." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10334580532144328332.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立中央大學
哲學研究所
100
Palliative care is the first choice of terminal care at the moment. However, there are patients who still want to die other than no natural death because of the poor life quality at terminal stage. Nor would they prefer terminal sedation, which put them to a drowsy sleep for a long time. These cases require ‘physician-assisted suicide (PAS)’, which is a legally and ethically debated issue. The aim of my dissertation is to investigate the ethical issue and the possibility of legalization of PAS especially in Taiwan and try to demonstrate that PAS is another type of medical practice, which provides a further choice of palliative care for terminal patients in order to achieve their expected quality of life and dignity. In contrast to euthanasia, PAS is morally more acceptable to be legalized. This dissertation is basically an ethical analysis of the issue with certain references to clinical studies. The meaning of PAS is quite different from ordinary suicide. The evidences showed that people who required PAS were mainly terminal cancer patients. They request PAS due mostly to unbearable physical pains, followed by loss of autonomy and dignity. Most medical practitioners, however, oppose to PAS. In this dissertation, I start from the ethical analysis of reasonable criteria of PAS proposed by Dr.T.E.Quill, and supplement them with some suggestions and modification, which would hopefully provide a standard model for the consideration of legalization of PAS. In terms of the medical care for terminal patients, I compare the differences between PAS and natural death, voluntarily stopping of nutrition and fluid, terminal sedation as well as euthanasia, and propose PAS as one possible choice for terminal care. The dissertation deliberates further on the right to death of the patient and the reasons for and against PAS in the literature. I support patients’ right and autonomy in particular their right to die at terminal stage. However, individual medical practitioner has no obligation to assist their patients to commit suicide. Laws should be established for protecting patient’s right to die. By legislation, not only the patients’ moral rights are protected, but medical practitioners could also have the choice to participate or not in PAS according to their personal values. Government has the duty to let patient’s wish for a death with dignity be honored. Furthermore, the dissertation elaborates the Confucian’s view on PAS ,my analysis is based on the basic of Confucian’s conception of the mind of ren or the unbearable mind of other’s suffering and the principle of ching-chuan to show why certain cases of PAS is permissible. Confucianism emphazise family relationship, therefore it is not only the patient’s voluntary decision should be respected, but also their family members’ participation are fully acknowledged. In terms of the pluralistic religious believes in Taiwan, death is not necessarily a bad thing. However, in case of PAS, doctor’s benevolent heart and medical skills may not be enough to carry out PAS for the patients, a long term well maintained doctor-patients relationship is essential. Therefore, in Taiwan, it would be most important to establish a good system of family doctors. The contributions of this dissertation include: (1) The proposal of possible clinical criteria of PAS. By comparing the criteria of Quill’s seven requirements with the Dignity Death Act, I propose a possible PAS for Taiwan. (2) The argumentation of PAS in Confucian terms shows that Confucianism tends to support PAS for terminal painful patients. For Confucianism, it is most important to let the medical practitioners, the patient and patient’s family feel peaceful. Death could be the regarded as the practice of ren if the terminal patient understands his/her own illness, and chooses PAS with family support. This should also be based on a long term well-established doctor-patient relationship, so that all parties feel peaceful for the decision. (3) According to my clinical study and observation on medical professionals in Taiwan, less than half of the physicians and nurses support the idea of legalizing PAS. (30% of physicians and 39.3% of nurses support PAS legalization). 10-14.3% of physicians and 9.2-12.8% of nurses had the experiences of being requested for PAS by patients or their family members. Obviously, although PAS is still not widely accepted by the medical practitioners, some terminal patients demand for this treatment. To carried out patient’ PAS, we need the support of the wider society as well as medical practitioners’ recognition of PAS as part of palliative care.
41
Champeau, Donna A. "Factors influencing individuals attitudes toward voluntary active euthanasia and physician assisted suicide." Thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/34943.
Full textAbstract:
Issues of right to life, as well as death have surfaced as topics of hot debate. In particular, questions about when and if individuals have the right to end their own lives have emerged and gained considerable attention as health policy issues having the potential to affect all Americans..
The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that are most likely to influence an individual's decision to support or not support voluntary active euthanasia (VAE) and physician assisted suicide (PAS) in specific medical situations. This study also examined the differences in medical vignettes by various demographic and attitudinal factors. Data were collected from a sample of classified staff members at two institutions of higher learning in Oregon. A survey was used to collect all data. Paired sample T-tests, stepwise multiple regression analysis and repeated measures multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA) were used to analyze the data.
Based on survey results, there were significant differences in attitudes toward PAS and VAE for each medical vignette. Religious beliefs, fear of dependency, and fear of death were the most powerful predictors of individual support for PAS in each medical situation. In the case of VAE, there were differences in support on each medical situation in terms of the most powerful predictors: fear of dependency and religious beliefs for the cancer vignette, fear of dependency, religious beliefs, and age for the ALS vignette, and religious beliefs and fear of dependency for the paralysis vignette.
The repeated measures MANOVA revealed that in general, the older the individual was, the less likely they were to support PAS or VAE. However, women over age 66 in this study were more likely to support VAE than were the males age 66 and over. Males in the 51-65 year old category were more supportive of VAE than females in this age category. Also, those who were more fearful of death were more likely to have a higher level of support for VAE. In all three vignettes (Cancer, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and paralysis) for both PAS and VAE, there was a significantly different level of support measured on a seven point Likert scale.Graduation date: 1995
42
Prosen, Patricia. "Public opinions of physician-assisted suicide : the role of ageism in acceptance." 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/20673.
Full text
43
Leipoldt, E. A. "Good life in the balance a cross-national study of Dutch and Australian disability perspectives on euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide /." 2003. http://portal.ecu.edu.au/adt-public/adt-ECU2006.0010.html.
Full text
44
Mehling, Kirsti. "Ärztlich assistierter Suizid – Ein Widerspruch zum ärztlichen Ethos?" Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0023-9621-8.
Full textAbstract:
Die assistierte Selbsttötung ist gegenwärtig ein kontrovers diskutiertes Thema in Deutschland und besonders für die Ärzteschaft eine Herausforderung. Da viele Aspekte gerade der ärztlichen Suizidhilfe noch völlig unklar sind, wird zunächst ein grundlegender Überblick über die Formen der Sterbehilfe gegeben. In einer Zusammenschau der Debatte und verschiedener exemplarisch ausgewählter Reaktionen wird klar, dass das ärztliche Ethos ein Kernpunkt der Debatte ist. Dabei fällt auf, dass die Vorstellungen zu diesem besonderen beruflichen Ethos stark divergieren. Aus diesem Grund stehen die detaillierte Betrachtung der ärztlichen Suizidhilfe im Kontext des ärztlichen Ethos und die Prüfung der Fragestellung, ob die ärztliche Suizidhilfe dem ärztlichen Ethos widerspricht im Zentrum weiterer Ausführungen. Schließlich wird aufgezeigt, dass die Ablehnung der ärztlichen Suizidassistenz im Namen des ärztlichen Ethos derzeit nicht haltbar ist.
45
Attell, Brandon. "Social Change in Attitudes Toward Euthanasia and Suicide for Terminally Ill Persons, 1977-2014: An Age-Period-Cohort Analysis." 2015. http://scholarworks.gsu.edu/sociology_theses/55.
Full textAbstract:
Several longitudinal studies show that over time the American public has become more approving of euthanasia and suicide for terminally ill persons. Yet, these previous findings are limited because they derive from biased estimates of disaggregated hierarchical data. Using insights from life course sociological theory and recently developed cross-classified mixed effects logistic regression, I better account for this liberalization process by disentangling the age, period, and cohort effects that contribute to longitudinal changes in these attitudes. Findings indicate that while attitudes toward euthanasia and suicide have liberalized over time, they remained relatively stable over the past 10 years. Furthermore, this study finds significant age effects in which the probability of agreement to euthanasia and suicide steadily decreases throughout the life course. Contrary to previous research, this study finds that when controlling for age and period effects, there are no significant birth-cohort effects that contribute to longitudinal changes in these attitudes.
46
Seymour, Caroline Jane. "Law, religion, and physician-assistance to suicide : the roles of christianity in north american judicial dignified death debates." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21178.
Full text
47
O'Brien, Sinéad Erin. "The Search for a Model System which Balances Freedom and Respect for End of Life Decisions and Strict Regulation to Protect the Vulnerable from Abuse." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/25884.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis proposes a model for legalized Physician-Assisted Suicide [PAS] for adoption into Canadian legislation. The basis of this model is one which respects the individual freedom to make end-of-life decisions free from state interference. The research herein supports the provisions contained in Oregon legislation where PAS has been legalized on the basis that the Oregon model is consistent with the guarantees afforded under s.7 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Oregon maintains strict regulatory barriers which protect against the threat of abuse which the Supreme Court reasoned in Rodriguez outweighed her s.7 rights to autonomy. This thesis will engage in the theories of Ronald Dworkin who supports the preservation of the sanctity of human life which Sopinka J. held prevailed over s. 7 violations in Rodriguez and seeks a model which respects individual freedom without compromising that sanctity or value of life.
48
SEKYRKOVÁ, Michaela. "Umělý potrat a eutanázie jako součást tématu umírání a smrt v předmětu etika na středních školách." Master's thesis, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-47337.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis deal with the topic of induced abortion and euthanasia as the basic issue of the theme of process of dying and death. The theoretical part presents how an acceptation of death have been changing during the human history, deals with the concept of after-life in five world religions, presents how death is perceived in different life period, gives the analysis of abortion and euthanasia as an issue of ethics. The second part od the thesis is to serve as the background material to design lessons of ethics for the secondary schools according to the RWCT program (Reading and Writing Critical Thinking). The aim is to depict the topicality and importance of these issues that a disciple is not only to meet during the lesson, but also to be able to handle, to judge and to draw conclusions for his behaviour.