Journal articles: 'Physico- chemical and microbiological analysis'

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Tatu, Alin Laurentiu, Alina Mihaela Elisei, Oana Lificiu, Camelia Diaconu, Magdalena Miulescu, and Olimpia Dumitriu Buzia. "Formulation, Preparation , Physico-Chemical, Microbiological Analysis and Clinical Uses of Capsaicin Microemulsions." Revista de Chimie 70, no. 4 (May 15, 2019): 1278–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.19.4.7109.

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The present paper aims at creating a pharmaceutical formulation, i.e. microemulsion with capsaicin as the active principle; the purpose was to solubilize capsaicin and draw up pseudoternary phase diagrams establishing the microemulsion domains. We created a pharmaceutical form: capsaicin ointment, aiming at releasing capsaicin in the microemulsion and ointment bases. Comparative microbiological determinations were performed between microemulsion and ointment. The novelty of the study is formulating microemulsions as a means of solving solubility issues and increasing the bioavailability of medicinal substances.

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Błaszczyk, Katarzyna, and Teresa Krzyśko-Łupicka. "Microbiological and physico-chemical composition of sewage sludge derived from the food industry / Skład mikrobiologiczny i fizykochemiczny osadów ściekowych pochodzących z przemysłu spożywczego." Chemistry-Didactics-Ecology-Metrology 18, no. 1-2 (December 1, 2013): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cdem-2013-0021.

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Abstract The aim of the study was to analyze the microbiological and physico-chemical composition of sewage sludge from the food industry. The research material was dewatered sewage sludge with and without lime, derived from the water and drink production plant in the Opole region, obtained for testing in March 2013. Physico-chemical analysis included the determination of: pH, temperature of sludge, sedimentation properties, the dry weight, mineral substances, biogenic elements and heavy metals. Microbiological evaluation included quantitative and qualitative determination of mesophilic, psychrophilic and potentially pathogenic microorganisms. Sewage sludge with and without lime characterized similar physico-chemical parameters. However, the addition of lime to the sludge led to a change in ratios of different groups of microorganisms. In the sludge with lime, we observed reduction in the number of mesophilic bacteria and yeast, and total inhibition of psychrophilic bacteria and fungi. Knowledge of the physico-chemical parameters and microbiological composition of the sewage sludge is needed to determine the directions of their development

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De, Debasmita, and Dr BinataNayak. "Evaluation of Storage Capacity of Iron Fortified Yogurt by Physico-chemical, Chemical and Microbiological Analysis." International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology 2, no. 1 (2016): 127–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijeab/2.1.17.

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Merzougui, Fatima Zahra, Ahmed Makhloufi, and Touhami Merzougui. "Hydro-chemical and microbiological characterization of Lower Cretaceous waters in a semi-arid zone Beni-Ounif syncline, South-West of Algeria." Journal of Water and Land Development 40, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 67–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jwld-2019-0007.

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Abstract The article analyses the water quality of the Lower Cretaceous aquifer in the Beni-Ounif syncline. To this end, 42 samples were taken for physico-chemical analysis and 28 for microbiological analysis in March, May and October 2017 from 14 sampling points. The results of physico-chemical analysis were processed by multi-variety statistical analysis methods: principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) coupled to hydro chemical methods: Piper diagram. The PCA allowed us to explore the connections between physico-chemical parameters and similarities between samples and to identify the most appropriate physico-chemical elements to describe water quality. The HCA allowed us to classify the sampling points according to the similarity between them and thus reduce them for the next follow-up analysis. Waters of the syncline are characterized by medium to low mineralization (320 < EC < 7600 μS∙cm–1 and 200 < RS < 4020 mg∙dm−3) and hardness of between 22 and 123°f. Only 19% of the samples show NO3 concentrations exceeding the Algerian standards. Microbiologically, the study reports the presence of bacteria: coliforms (<8 CFU∙0.1 dm−3), Streptococcus D (<1100 CFUꞏ0.1 dm–3), Clostridium sulphito-reducer of vegetative form (<90 CFUꞏ0.02 dm–3) and sporulate (<4 CFUꞏ0.02 dm–3), total aerobic mesophilic flora at 22°C (<462 CFUꞏ0.001 dm–3) and at 37°C (<403 CFUꞏ0.001 dm–3). It must be noted that no presence of thermo-tolerant coliforms is observed.

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Baião, Cheila Flávia De Praga, and Getulio Teixeira Batista. "Roteiro para avaliação da qualidade da água de uma bacia hidrográfica por alunos do ensino fundamental." Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 11, no. 5 (December 10, 2016): 1030. http://dx.doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.1893.

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In this work we developed a script for the physico-chemical and microbiological analysis of water from a watershed to be used by students of the 6th and 7th grades of elementary school and evaluated the results of the students in learning to understand the degree of preservation of the study area. The methodological procedures involved field work with students, guidance in understanding the elements present in the water, physical and chemical analysis, comparisons with standards set by CONAMA Resolution No. 357, microbiological analysis and discussion of results. The results showed the presence of ammonia and phosphate exceeding legal standards and the presence of fecal coliforms. Of the 60 students involved, 70% completed the proposed activity in an appropriate manner and associated the results with the occurrence of sewage and garbage. A post-activity questionnaire showed that students became able to recognize the physico-chemical and microbiological elements present in the river, as well as human interventions that can damage water quality. The proposed script was adequate for the students to build concepts and to develop experimental procedures and relevant hypotheses about environmental problems.

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Rosales-Soto, Maria U., Peter M. Gray, John K. Fellman, D. Scott Mattinson, Gülhan Ünlü, Kerry Huber, and Joseph R. Powers. "Microbiological and physico-chemical analysis of fermented protein-fortified cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) flour." LWT - Food Science and Technology 66 (March 2016): 355–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2015.10.053.

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Kim, Suck Bum, Pock-Soo Kang, and Jong Hak Chung. "Physico-chemical and Microbiological Analysis of Tap Water in the Apartment in Taegu City." Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine 5, no. 1 (1988): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1988.5.1.69.

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Nascimento, H. D., and E. S. Barreto. "Physico-Chemical and Microbiological Evaluation of Water Distributed in Juara - MT, Brazil." Scientific Electronic Archives 8, no. 1 (August 4, 2014): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.36560/812015148.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of water distributed in the city of Juara-MT as the physico-chemical parameters and total and fecal coliforms. It was selected 20 locations between residences and commercial establishments that best characterized the urban area of the city for the analysis and comparison of the parameters of pH, color, turbidity, fluorine, chlorine residual and total and fecal coliforms. The results were compared with the limits established by the Ministério da Saúde and also with the Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente (CONAMA). We have not detected any traces of total coliforms. Color, pH, turbidity and chlorine residual levels were within the legal limits established. The suitable values of fluorine were not achieved in some samples. The results showed that the water used by the residents on the dates of collection was within acceptable limits for human consumption, except for the amount of fluorine in some samples.

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Achio, S., F. Kutsanedzie, and E. Ameko. "Comparative analysis on the effectiveness of various filtration methods on the potability of water." Water Quality Research Journal 51, no. 1 (August 17, 2015): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrjc.2015.014.

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This paper comparatively assessed the effectiveness of potable water filtration methods, commonly used in the hinterlands in some Ghanaian communities. Physico-chemical and microbiological analysis were carried out on pond, dam and river water samples, using spectrophotometric, pour plate count and the most probable number (MPN) methods. For the unfiltered water samples the total dissolved solids (TDS) and colour were the only parameters with values within recommended standards. The other parameters, total suspended solids (TSS), turbidity, total coliforms and bacterial counts levels were above their standard recommended values. All the filtration methods showed reduction in the levels or better accepted values of the physico-chemical and microbiological parameters. The ceramic filters and the household sand filters showed outstanding results, with all analysed parameters being within the acceptable standards levels. These two methods could be promoted for use to treat untreated drinking water. It is envisaged that a combination of a number of these methods would produce even better results, especially when agents such as alum and activated carbon are included. Follow-up research in this regard is therefore recommended.

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Daou, Claude, Mervat El Hoz, Amine Kassouf, and Bernard Legube. "Multivariate Monitoring of Surface Water Quality: Physico-Chemical, Microbiological and 3D Fluorescence Characterization." Water 12, no. 6 (June 11, 2020): 1673. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12061673.

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The primary objective of this study is to explore a water quality database on two Mediterranean rivers (the Kadisha-Abou Ali and El Jaouz rivers—located in north Lebanon), considering their physicochemical, microbiological and fluorescence characteristics. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to the matrix gathering physicochemical and microbiological data while the Common Components and Specific Weight Analysis (CCSWA) or ComDim was used for fluorescence excitation-emission matrices (EEMs). This approach provided complementary and valuable information regarding water quality in such complex ecosystem. As highlighted by the PCA and ComDim scores, the Kadisha-Abou Ali River is highly influenced by anthropogenic activities because its watershed districts are intensively populated. This influence reveals the implication of organic and bacteriological parameters. To the contrary, the El Jaouz watershed is less inhabited and is characterized by mineral parameters, which determines its water quality. This work highlighted the relationship between fluorescence EEMs and major water quality parameters, enabling the selection of reliable water quality indicators for the studied rivers. The proposed methodology can surely be generalized to the monitoring of surface water quality in other rivers. Each customized water quality fingerprint should constantly be inspected in order to account for any emerging pollution.

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Bentham, H., J. A. Harris, P. Birch, and K. C. Short. "Habitat Classification and Soil Restoration Assessment Using Analysis of Soil Microbiological and Physico-chemical Characteristics." Journal of Applied Ecology 29, no. 3 (1992): 711. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2404480.

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Chatanga, Peter, Victor Ntuli, Eltony Mugomeri, Tumo Keketsi, and Noel V. T. Chikowore. "Situational analysis of physico-chemical, biochemical and microbiological quality of water along Mohokare River, Lesotho." Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research 45, no. 1 (March 2019): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejar.2018.12.002.

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Malaka, R., F. Maruddin, S. Baco, M. Ridwan, W. Hakim, Irwansyah, I. L. Maria, A. Alimuddin, and Z. Dwyana. "Determination of the expiration time of Dangke ripening cheese through physico-chemical and microbiological analysis." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 788, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 012094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/788/1/012094.

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Acharya, Pushpa Prasad, Ganga Prasad Kharel, and Ramakrishna Chetana. "Physico-Chemical and Microbiological Characteristics of Gundpak – A Traditional Milk Product of Nepal." Journal of Food Research 4, no. 4 (May 6, 2015): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v4n4p30.

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Gundpak, is a popular khoa based traditional milk product of Nepal and commonly used as a sweet. Twelve market samples of Gundpak were collected from the different areas of Kathmandu valley. The physico-chemical, sensory and microbiological analyses of the samples were investigated. The commercial samples were not consistent in their chemical compositions. The moisture, fat, protein, carbohydrates and ash were varied from 10.1 to 21.2, 10.6 to 16.5, 16.8 to 30.3, 29.0 to 54.8, 2.4 to 3.7 percentages, respectively. The microbiological analysis showed that Total Plate Count, Yeast and Mold, and Coliform were varied from 0 to 5 × 104, 0 to 8.0 × 103, 0-1.1 × 102, whereas there was no growth of Staphylococci. The hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess, springiness, chewiness and adhesiveness values were varied from 31.7 to 245.3 N, 90.03 to 296.3, 7.84 to 22.06 N, 2.36 to 7.62, 1.45 to 16.2 N.mm, and 0.3 to 6.8 mNm, respectively, among the samples. In the commercial samples, colour parameter, L*values was varied from 17.12 to 42.08, indicating wide variations in appearance from light to dark brown. The overall sensory quality did not show significant variations. The minerals, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, iron, zinc and copper were in the ranges from 390.7-527.15, 25.56-40.43, 188.86-215.93, 282.0-378, 0.41-0.52, 1.31-2.58 and 0.11-0.16 mg/100 g sample, respectively. These results indicated that Nepalese Gundpak significantly vary in physico-chemical characteristics and hence require optimization of product ingredients and processing technology to get uniform high quality.

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Mishra, Arunabh, and Vasishta Bhatt. "Physico-Chemical and Microbiological Analysis of Under Ground Water in V.V Nagar and Near by Places of Anand District,Gujarat, India." E-Journal of Chemistry 5, no. 3 (2008): 487–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/671978.

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A report of physico-chemical and microbial study of the water samples taken from the region nearby Anand district of central Gujarat is presented here. Six water samples are subjected to physico- chemical analysis like pH, TDS, hardness, conductivity, dissolved oxygen and chemical oxygen demand. The MPN count resulted from the bacteriological study of these samples has given the information regarding the suitability of the water for drinking and other domestic applications. The results are analyzed comparatively and conclusions regarding the suitability of the use of such waters are made.

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Deba-Rementeria, Shuyana, Maider Zugazua-Ganado, Olaia Estrada, John Regefalk, and Laura Vázquez-Araújo. "Characterization of salt-preserved orange peel using physico-chemical, microbiological, and sensory analyses." LWT 148 (August 2021): 111769. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111769.

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Bierhas, Camila Corrêa, Aline Belem Machado, Simone Ulrich Picoli, Daniela Montanari Migliavacca Osorio, and Daiane Bolzan Berlese. "Physical-chemical and microbiological analysis of water of irrigation and microbiological analysis of lettuce (Lactuca sativa)." Ciência e Natura 41 (November 14, 2019): e55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x37700.

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The contamination of vegetables by pathogenic microorganisms is directly related to the water quality used in their irrigation. Lettuce is the main vegetable consumed in Brazil and because it does not undergo any processing before its consumption, it is directly affected by the quality of the water used for irrigation. This study analyzed the physical-chemical and microbiological quality of water used in lettuce irrigation and possible microbiological contamination of lettuce. In relation to microbiological analyzes, high values were found for heterotrophic bacteria and total coliforms in weirs and vegetables. For fecal coliforms, in almost all water samples, the value found was above that established by the legislation. In lettuce, this occurred in three samples. No strong correlation was found between water and lettuce contamination. In relation to the physicochemical parameters analyzed, only the value of the turbidity in one of the weirs was above the threshold established by the legislation.

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Nagovska, V. O., Yu R. Hachak, O. Ya Bilyk, B. V. Gutyj, N. B. Slyvka, and O. R. Mikhailytska. "Influence of thistle grist on organoleptic, physico-chemical and microbiological parameters of kefir." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 20, no. 85 (March 2, 2018): 166–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/nvlvet8530.

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Modern complex environmental conditions put forward the urgent need to improve the nutritional structure of the population at the expense of improving the quality, biological value and taste of the products. That is why the purpose of the work was to justify the use of thistle grist on kefir technology. In particular, the effect of thistle pellet on the organoleptic, physicochemical and microbiological parameters of kefir has been investigated. It was established that it had a homogeneous consistency with a broken clot and a color from white to cream with interspersed grist. Increasing the dose of thistle grist to 3% and 4% has led to a taste with sharply pronounced flavor of thistle and to a brown color with a pronounced thistle content. The kefir viscosity of 2.5 mg per kg changes over the seven days of storage, although it remains high enough for 8 days, namely 47 seconds. The growth of the viscosity of kefir with thistle grist is due to the hygroscopic properties of grist, resulting binds moisture free product. The analysis of microbiological parameters in the storage of kefir with thistle grist allows us to conclude about the satisfactory sanitary condition of the new product and its harmlessness for the consumer's health.

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Ladokun, Olusola A., and Sarah O. Oni. "Physico-Chemical and Microbiological Analysis of Potable Water in Jericho and Molete Areas of Ibadan Metropolis." Advances in Biological Chemistry 05, no. 04 (2015): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/abc.2015.54016.

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Cruz, A. G., R. N. Cavalcanti, L. M. R. Guerreiro, A. S. Sant’Ana, L. C. Nogueira, C. A. F. Oliveira, R. Deliza, R. L. Cunha, J. A. F. Faria, and H. M. A. Bolini. "Developing a prebiotic yogurt: Rheological, physico-chemical and microbiological aspects and adequacy of survival analysis methodology." Journal of Food Engineering 114, no. 3 (February 2013): 323–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2012.08.018.

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Zahra, Hadef Khawla, Bensadek Ismail, and Boufeldja Wahiba. "Physico-Chemical Analysis and Microbiological Quality of Raw Camel Milk Produced by Targui breed in Adrar region of Algeria." South Asian Journal of Experimental Biology 11, no. 2 (April 15, 2021): 190–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.38150/sajeb.11(2).p190-198.

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The camel milk constitutes an important component of human diet in several arid and semi-arid regions of South of Algeria. Its plays a vital role in the food of the Algerian nomads in the Sahara, it is also used for therapeutic purpos-es. The aim of this study was to determine the yield during lactation period, composition of raw camel milk and to determine the main objective of drink-ing this milk raw by citizens. For these purposes, 25 multiparous camels of the race Targui, kept under grazing in South of Algeria, Adrar were used in this study. A total of 50 milk samples were collected and analyzed through standard procedures to determine yield, physicochemical parameters of milk such as pH, acidity, density, fat, lactose, ash and total solids, microbiological analysis and Biochemical analysis. The results demonstrated that the overall means of daily milk yield were 5.94 L/j. 80% of buyers consume this product raw for therapeutic interests including 55% against diabetes, 22% against hepatitis and gastric problems and 5% against cancer. The composition of pH, acidity, density, fat, protein, lactose, total dry extract, minerals, freezing point, vitamin C, electrical conductivity and determination of antibiotics were respectively (6.24 to 6.86), (15.5°D to 18.4°D), (1022 to 1033.8), (28 to 35.1 g/L), (31.7 to 33.1 g/L), (46.4 to 48.4 g/L), (116.6 to 126 g/L), (6 to 6.9 g/L), ( -0.469 to -0.494°C), (29 to 39 mg/L), (6.08 to 6.16 mS/cm) and complete absence of antibiotics. The most parameters of camel milk composition were affected by stages of lactation. The highest milk yield was recorded at the mid stage of lactation (3 to 5 months). The results of microbiological analysis showed that camel milk has generally a comparable composition to that of bovine milk. The microbiological results of the 50 samples of camelina milk have several microbial attributes of quality in (CFU/mL) such as TPC (1.6.103 to 4.4.103), total coliforms (4 to 1.5.102), faecal coliforms less than 6, staphy-lococcus aureus and yeasts and moulds less than 2.102 and the absence of salmonella and clostridium sulfitoreducators. These tests confirm the good microbiological quality, which indicates the good health of the camels and the hygiene of the milking.

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Oliveira Silva, Orlando, Elane C. L. dos Santos, and Ana Maria Q. López. "WATER DAMS FOR USE IN DRIP IRRIGATION IN THE CITY OF PENEDO / AL: PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL QUALITY." Eclética Química Journal 37, no. 1 (October 27, 2017): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.26850/1678-4618eqj.v37.1.2012.p79-86.

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In areas where rainfall is irregular or not reaches the required the supply for cane cultivation, irrigation is essential. The introduction of drip irrigation (with surface or underground micro-sprinklers), has been one of the factors that contributed to the increase in sugar and alcohol productivity in the region of Alagoas. This study outlined a profile of physico-chemical and biological features of impounded water dam “Salvador Lyra”, in the city of Penedo-AL, used to irrigate crops in a sugarcane mill, with the purpose to know the causes of obstructions detected in the issuing of the drip irrigation system, and to propose consistent control measures. During the period of one year, samples from three points along the dam were subjected to microbiological analysis and pH, hardness, electrical conductivity, concentraction of total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen and Fe2. With respect to microbiological analysis, it was isolated from the neutral waters an aerobic bacteria producing siderophore iron chelators, classified as the species Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Schroeter 1872) Migula (1900), and the results of physico-chemical analysis showed the prevalence of with a high risk of biological clogging (> 50,000 cells / mL).

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Leguizamón Delgado, Maria Alejandra, Alba Lucía Duque Cifuentes, and Victor Dumar Quintero Castaño. "Physico-chemical and sensory evaluation of a mango-based fruit bar." DYNA 86, no. 210 (July 1, 2019): 276–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v86n210.72950.

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The objective of this work was the evaluation of a mango-based fruit bar. Tommy Atkins pulp and mango peel physicochemically were characterized. Three drying methods were compared: lyophilization, convection drying, and microwave assisted convection drying. Subsequently six formulations were made varying the amount of pectin from 0.5 to 2.5%, water, inulin, glycerol and ascorbic acid. The results obtained showed that microwave-assisted convection drying at 40 ° C for the shell showed a higher concentration of fiber. Two formulations were selected for physicochemical, microbiological and sensory analysis. Formulation D with a higher percentage of pectin was more widely accepted. The values obtained from vitamin C and total phenolic compounds show that the formulation of a fruit bar is feasible, taking advantage of the shell mainly as a raw material for foods with functional characteristics.

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Borja-Serrano, Pamela, Valeria Ochoa-Herrera, Laurence Maurice, Gabriela Morales, Cristian Quilumbaqui, Eduardo Tejera, and António Machado. "Determination of the Microbial and Chemical Loads in Rivers from the Quito Capital Province of Ecuador (Pichincha)—A Preliminary Analysis of Microbial and Chemical Quality of the Main Rivers." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 14 (July 14, 2020): 5048. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145048.

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Contamination of natural water sources is one of the main health problems worldwide, which could be caused by chemicals, metals, or microbial agents. This study aimed to analyze the quality of 18 rivers located in Quito, the capital province of Pichincha, Ecuador, through physico-chemical and microbial parameters. The E. coli and total coliforms assessments were performed by a counting procedure in growth media. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was realized to detect several microbial genera, as well as Candida albicans, two parasites (Cryptosporidium and Giardia spp.) and E. coli pathotypes: enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC). Additionally, physico-chemical parameters and major and trace metals were analyzed in each surface water sample. Our results demonstrated that most of the rivers analyzed do not comply with the microbial, physico-chemical, and metal requirements established by the Ecuadorian legislation. In terms of microbial pollution, the most polluted rivers were Monjas, Machángara, Pisque, and Pita Rivers. Furthermore, three out of four analyzed E. coli pathotypes (EIEC, EHEC, and EAEC) were detected in certain rivers, specifically: Monjas River showed the presence of EIEC and EHEC; in the Machángara River, EAEC and EIEC were detected; and finally, EIEC was present in the Guayllabamba River. Several physico-chemical parameters, such as pH, CODtotal, and TSS values, were higher than the Ecuadorian guidelines in 11, 28, and 28% of the rivers, respectively. Regarding heavy metals, Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd, and Mn surpassed the established values in 94, 89, 61, 22, 22, and 17% of the rivers, respectively. Machangara River was the only one that registered higher Cr concentrations than the national guidelines. The values of Al and Fe were above the recommended values in 83 and 72% of the rivers. Overall, based on the physical-chemical and microbiological parameters the most contaminated rivers were Machángara and Monjas. This study revealed severe contaminations in Ecuadorean Rivers; further studies should evaluate the sources of contamination and their impact on public health.

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Vekemans, X., B. Godden, and M. J. Penninckx. "Factor analysis of the relationships between several physico-chemical and microbiological characteristics of some Belgian agricultural soils." Soil Biology and Biochemistry 21, no. 1 (January 1989): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(89)90010-2.

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Velusamy, Karthika, and J. Kannan. "Seasonal Variation in Physico-Chemical and Microbiological Characteristics of Sewage Water from Sewage Treatment Plants." Current World Environment 11, no. 3 (December 25, 2016): 791–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.11.3.14.

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The present research deals with the study of physico-chemical and bacteriological characteristics of sewage water collected from three different sites of Coimbatore during two consecutive seasons. Seasonal variations indicated that the most of the nutrients (viz., total N, phosphates) and salts (nitrates, chlorides and sulphates) are present abundantly at pre-monsoon and the physical characters like TSS (600 mg/L) are more at post-monsoon. Multiple comparisons made using analysis of variance showed that the Ukkadam sampling point varies significantly from other two points. The total coliform count for the Ukkadam samples were >2400 (MPN/100ml) in raw sewage. This study concludes that the physicochemical characters and microbiological characters are outrageous in the raw sewage and upon the treatment the undesirable characters are reduced. Studies on the sewage characteristics of treatment plants are crucial to know the pollutant levels upon the various time scales and the treatment status which is necessary to improve the state of the art of the treatment process.

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Jailos, Philip, Peter J. Chimtali, and Ephraim Vunain. "Assessment of Groundwater Quality in Areas Surrounding Thundulu Phosphate Mine, Phalombe District, Malawi." Tanzania Journal of Science 47, no. 3 (August 31, 2021): 1310–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjs.v47i3.38.

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Water is one of the renewable resources essential for sustaining all forms of life and quality of drinking water is very fundamental for human health. Human activities such as mining act as sources of water contamination which consequently lead to ecological, environmental and health problems. To the best of our knowledge, no study has been conducted around the Thundulu Phosphate Mine to establish the quality of drinking water. In this regard, this study was carried out to evaluate the physico-chemical water quality parameters of areas surrounding the Thundulu Phosphate Mine in Phalombe District. Groundwater samples from the villages surrounding the Phosphate Mine were collected both during the wet and dry seasons for analysis of physico-chemical water quality parameters (pH, electrical conductivity, turbidity, nitrate, chloride, sulphate, fluoride, iron, calcium and magnesium). The study also investigated microbiological water characteristics mainly Escherichia coli and faecal coliforms. Results showed that pH, electrical conductivity, turbidity, nitrate, chloride, sulphate, phosphate, calcium and magnesium complied with the national and international standards set by Malawi Bureau of Standards (MBS) and World Health Organization (WHO). As regards to microbiological characteristics, it was revealed that water from three sources (B2, B3 and B4) was contaminated with Escherichia coli and faecal coliforms. Keywords: Physico-chemical; Groundwater; Phalombe; Borehole; Electrical Conductivity; Turbidity; Phosphate;

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Abdel-Rahman, El-Sayed, and Eckhard Floeter. "Physico-chemical Characterization of Turbidity-Causing Particles in Beet Sugar Solutions." International Journal of Food Engineering 12, no. 2 (March 1, 2016): 127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijfe-2015-0129.

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Abstract The occurrence of turbidity is a frequently observed phenomenon in beet sugar manufacturing, particularly in thick juice. The presence of small dispersed turbidity-causing particles can have a direct impact on the consumer’s perceivable quality of white sugar containing products. Therefore, this work aims to characterize those turbidity-causing particles and elucidate the mechanism of their formation. Samples from various European beet sugar plants were collected during different sugar production periods. The turbidity of white sugar is found to be mainly related to small calcium oxalate particles (0.45–1 µm). Their occurrence is obviously related to the presence of calcium and oxalate. However, the analysis presented documents that beyond the levels of these ions, other factors like storage time, the change of environment due to microbiological processes as well as simple processing steps have a profound effect on turbidity levels. The results confirm that also at an industrial scale calcium oxalate dihydrate precipitates from concentrated sucrose solutions despite the fact that calcium oxalate monohydrate is the most stable form. In summary our analysis of turbidity at an industrial scale marks a starting point for any further turbidity reduction approach.

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Pádua, Dalila Lima, Valéria Ribeiro Maitan, and Márcio Ramatiz Lima Santos. "PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL, MICROBIOLOGICAL AND SENSORY PROPERTIES OF FRUCTOOLIGOSACCHARIDES ENRICHED YOGURT." Científic@ - Multidisciplinary Journal 5, no. 3 (November 10, 2018): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.29247/2358-260x.2018v5i3.p97-103.

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The functional foods present many health benefits besides their nutritional values pertinent to their chemical composition. They can play an important role on reducing the risk of chronic-degenerative diseases, like cancer, diabetes and others. The prebiotics are non-digestive fibers by the human body, but they increase the intestinal bacterial flora. Among these prebiotics are the fructooligosaccharides. This research aims to evaluate the physical-chemical, microbiological and sensory properties of fructooligosaccharides enriched yogurt. Sensory analysis was performed with 50 non-trained panelists using a structured nine point Hedonic scale for acceptance and buying intention. Microbiological (thermo-tolerant coliforms and salmonella sp/25g) and physical-chemical analyses (pH, titratable acidity expressed as, lactic acid concentration, and soluble solids as °Brix) were carried out in triplicate. All results were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey Test at 5 % of significance to verify the interaction between the averages. The acceptance was 7.9 indicating that product is according to "Liked very much" parameter. The purchase intention response showed 34% of panelists declaring that they would buy the yogurt if they could. The microbiological analysis were negative for thermo-tolerant coliforms and samonella sp./25g. Physical-chemical results were according to other similar products with average of pH 4.45, titratable acidity 0.82 g lactic acid/100 mL, and 22º Brix. Physical-chemical, microbiological and sensory analysis are in accordance to the Brazilian legislation.

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Naidu, Roselyn, Lionel Joseph, and Syed Sauban Ghani. "Physico-chemical and Biological Properties of Groundwater Quality in Rural Settlement, Nadi, Fiji." Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution 18, no. 1 (January 25, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ajw210001.

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The current study investigated drinking water quality of samples taken from Arolevu village, a locality situated in Nadi, Fiji. The groundwater samples were collected and subjected to a comprehensive physicochemical and biological analysis. The analysis for the drinking water sample was conducted seasonally, six times a year, that is, three for the dry season and three for the wet season. The results retrieved from the analysis were compared to its maximum contamination levels (MCLs) based on the health-based guidelines provided by the World Health Organization (WHO). The WHO standards were used as an attribute to determine the sources of contaminants likely to be present at the study site. A degradation trend in drinking water quality in the context of climate change may lead to potential health impacts. Hence, it is important to understand seasonal variations in drinking water quality. A proper understanding of the drinking water quality through seasonal water analysis for nitrate, nitrite, potassium, calcium, magnesium and chlorine content as well as its microbiological presence to reduce preventable risks such as using calculated amounts of fertilisers and upgrading the sewerage system to alleviate drinking water contamination is devised through this study.

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Elizabeth, K. M., and K. E. Rajpramikh. "Potability of Water among the Tribals of Vizianagaram Sub-plan Area, Andhra Pradesh: Microbiological and Physico-Chemical Analysis." Anthropologist 2, no. 3 (July 2000): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09720073.2000.11890653.

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Arvanitoyannis, Ioannis S., Efthymia V. Tsitsika, and Panagiota Panagiotaki. "Implementation of quality control methods (physico-chemical, microbiological and sensory) in conjunction with multivariate analysis towards fish authenticity." International Journal of Food Science and Technology 40, no. 3 (March 2005): 237–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2004.00917.x.

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Seganfredo, Diogo, Sidnei Rodrigues, Daneysa Lahis Kalschne, Cleonice Mendes Pereira Sarmento, and Cristiane Canan. "Partial substitution of sodium chloride in Toscana sausages and the effect on product characteristics." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 37, no. 3 (June 22, 2016): 1285. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2016v37n3p1285.

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High sodium intake has been linked with problems of hypertension and in Brazil, it still has above that recommended by the World Health Organization. Meat products contribute 20–30% of sodium intake in the diet, indicating the necessity of reducing the amount of sodium added. The aim of this study was to reduce the sodium content in Toscana sausages by partial replacement of sodium chloride with PuraQ Arome NA4 substitute, and to evaluate the effect on physico-chemical and microbiological parameters and sensory acceptability. Three formulations – one control (T1), and one with 20% (T2) and another with 30% (T3) sodium reduction compared with the control – were produced. For comparative purposes, the physico-chemical, microbiological and sensory parameters were determined. In the proposed formulations with 20% and 30% reduction, the sodium contents were 857.3 mg 100 g-1 (T2) and 790.3 mg 100 g-1 (T3), compared with 926.7 mg 100 g-1 in T1. The produced samples were in accordance with the physico-chemical (moisture, lipid, protein and calcium) and microbiological (Salmonella, coagulase-positive Staphylococcus, and sulphite-reducing Clostridium and Coliforms at 45°C) parameters stipulated by Brazilian law. The analysis of lightness and hue indicated that the sample T3 had a more intense red colour, while T1 had a less intense red colour. In the shear force evaluation, no difference was observed between the samples. The sample T2 was the most preferred in the ordering of preference test; however, in the hedonic scale, there was no difference between the means of sensory values for roast colour, aroma, texture, flavour and overall impression, indicating that all samples had adequate sensory acceptance. Acceptability levels were greater than 74.6% for all attributes evaluated in T1, T2 and T3.

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Maskey, Manisha, Laxminarasimha Sharma Annavarapu, Tista Prasai, and Dharma Raj Bhatta. "Physical, chemical and microbiological analysis of bottled water in Pokhara, Nepal." Journal of Chitwan Medical College 10, no. 2 (June 25, 2020): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmc.v10i2.29664.

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Background: Today possibility of rendering water non-potable by various types of contaminants (physical, chemical and biological) is of considerable importance. It is not only the microbial contaminants but also the physical and chemical contaminants, playing an important role in compromising our health in many ways. The aim of this study was to assess the physical, chemical and the microbiological quality of commercially produced bottled water in Pokhara city. Methods: A study was conducted to assess the quality of bottled drinking water produced in Pokhara city. Total of 21 brands of bottled water was collected, first batch in monsoon season and second batch in pre-monsoon season, from the market. The physical, chemical and microbial assessment was carried out as per National Drinking Water Quality Standards, 2062. Coefficient of variation and t-test were applied where applicable. Results: Better water quality was found in Pre-monsoon season than that of monsoon season, in regard to microbial assessment. None of the samples in first batch tested positive for coliform whereas in second batch 38.2% of samples tested positive for coliform. Coefficient of variation for pH and chloride content was, 8.9% and 6.1%, 35.6% and24.19%, in pre-monsoon and monsoon season respectively. Both were found to be statistically significant. While other tested parameters were within normal limits. Conclusions: The quality bottled drinking water available for sale do not meet the standards given by National Drinking Water Quality Standards, particularly the microbial quality.

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Tabet, Antoine, and Antonio Khoury. "Analysis of Physical, Chemical and Microbiological Pollution in one Right Click." Advanced Materials Research 324 (August 2011): 481–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.324.481.

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Current researches on the topic of indoor air pollution are moving towards expertise and prevention. Therefore it seems so critical to invest in the area of expertise and create a measuring device performing chemical, physical and bacteriological analysis in one click. Our choice of development towards this system of information management is oriented towards a modular system which can simultaneously transmit on real-time the analysis in the internet. Our production work has used several solutions and analyzed several possible methods such as microprocessor that has shown its reliability. The electronic system worked well even with some problems solved at the level of detection of particles α, β and δ. The solution NO-IP as for the transfer of data over the Internet has been successfully tested. In the same way we have been constrained to achieve measurement campaigns to verify the ability of the device to give consistent values. These campaigns were conducted on the Beaulieu of the University of Rennes 1, given the size of the site; it gives us a fairly comprehensive range of situations. These measurement campaigns extended for several months, with the purpose of comparing and analyzing the various results. These campaigns offer an opportunity of testing the operation of the aircraft and assessing the performance, knowing that all measures were compared to the device certified EN (Gasman). For the development of our device, we specify the direction and scope of the study area, analyze the existing level of detection performed and technical data manipulated, obtain a comprehensive description of the electronic system and reach a reasoned choice of a solution type of development. This allowed us to develop a multifunction prototype which objective is to control the quality of indoor air pollution in habitations. This device admits the same principle as product modem M2M (Machine to Machine). Through processes M2M, machinery (measuring instruments (device) and air handling system) is already able to communicate among them without human intervention. Given this new world of service, the management of environmental risks becomes more responsive.

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Oliveira, Ana Thaís Campos de, Fernanda Tayla de Sousa Silva, Luana Guabiraba Mendes, Antonia Lucivânia de Sousa Monte, and Antônio Belfort Dantas Cavalcante. "Physical-chemical and microbiological profile of frozen fruit pulps commercialized in Limoeiro do Norte (Ce)." Research, Society and Development 9, no. 11 (November 4, 2020): e549119473. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i11.9473.

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According to legislation for identity and quality, fruit pulp is the unfermented, non-concentrated product, the consumption of polished fruits, by an appropriate technological process with a minimum content in suspension. Objective to evaluate the quality of frozen pineapple pulps sold in Limoeiro do Norte - Ce. To do so, Physico-chemical and microbiological analyzes were carried out on four commercial pineapple flavor brands named (A, B, C and D). The characteristics analyzed were color, pH, soluble solids, titratable acidity, total sugars and vitamin C. The microbiological tests consisted of determining the probable number of molds and yeasts, total and thermotolerant coliforms and Salmonella. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and media compared by the Tukey test at 5% significance level. The results obtained indicate that the physicochemical point of view of the values found for pH, SS, acidity and sugars is the total of all analyzed brands, which are evaluated in accordance with the values recommended by the legislation, except in relation to the vitamin C content, as the values found for brand B and C are above the established limits. In the evaluation of the microbiological profile, all samples are applied within the microbiological standards RDC No. 12, of January 2, 2001, for values of coliforms and salmonella, demonstrating that they are using consumption statistics only regarding mold and yeast counts, while only the D brand was found to be within the defined standards.

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Shu, Fu Chang, Yue Hui She, Zheng Liang Wang, and Shu Qiong Kong. "Mechanism Analysis of Indigenous Microbial Enhancement for Residue Oil Recovery." Advanced Materials Research 365 (October 2011): 305–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.365.305.

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Biotechnological nutrient flooding was applied to the North block of the Kongdian Oilfield during 2001-2005. The biotechnology involved the injection of a water-air mixture made up of mineral nitrogen and phosphorous salts with the intent of stimulating the growth of indigenous microorganisms. During monitoring of the physico-chemical, microbiological and production characteristics of the North block of the Kongdian bed, it was revealed significant changes took place in the ecosystem as a result of the technological treatment. The microbial oil transformation was accompanied by an accumulation of carbonates, lower fatty acids and biosurfactants in water formations, which is of value to enhanced oil recovery. The microbial metabolites changed the composition of the water formation, favored the diversion of the injected fluid from closed, high permeability zones to upswept zones and improved the sweep efficiency. The results of the studies demonstrated strong hydrodynamic links between the injection wells and production wells. Microbiological monitoring of the deep subsurface ecosystems and the filtration properties of the fluids are well modified, producing 40000 additional tons of oil in the test areas.

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Arruda, Luciano Carlos de, Wanessa Costa Silva Faria, Nágela Farias Magave Picanço Siqueira, Mayra Fernanda de Sousa Campos, and Wander Miguel de Barros. "Development of cereal bar with baru almonds and pineaplle peels." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 5 (May 4, 2021): e21610514684. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i5.14684.

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Cereal bars have gained constantly growing interests because of their nutritional quality and practicality in consumption. To meet the increasing market needs, their formulation strategies are evolving with each passing day. Therefore, the present study aimed to develop a new formulation of cereal bars with baru almonds and pineapple peels, an agricultural waste, added in different quantities, or be 5.5% F1, 8.5% F2, and 9.5% F3. The developed bars were characterised for microbiological quality, sensory acceptability, and physico-chemical properties. The microbiological analysis identifying <10 CFU/ g of molds and yeasts on the bars indicated their suitability for human consumption. Further, their sensory evaluation revealed good acceptability and purchase intentions. The three formulations - F1, F2, and F3 - evaluated here were not significantly different; however, the average percentage of the acceptability index attributes of each formulation identified F2 as the best formulation. Subsequent physico-chemical analysis of F2 revealed the nutritional potential of the prepared bars with 50.1% carbohydrates, 3.44% fibres, 12.24% proteins and 19.25% lipids. Overall, these findings demonstrated that the improved nutrient composition of the prepared cereal bars is attributed to baru almonds and pineapple peels. This study paved the way for utilising industrial wastes and escalating the use of native fruits of Brazil to develop nutrient-rich convenient foods.

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Achag, Badre, Hind Mouhanni, and Abdelaziz Bendou. "Hydro-biological characterization and efficiency of natural waste stabilization ponds in a desert climate (city of Assa, Southern Morocco)." Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua 70, no. 3 (February 25, 2021): 361–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2021.125.

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Abstract The city of Assa is located in a Saharian area characterized by an arid climate and water scarcity. Like any other Saharian city in a developing country, the city is facing the challenges of rapid urbanization and the need to improve wastewater treatment and management. The main objective of this work is to assess the performance of waste stabilization ponds in an arid area. This evaluation concerns microbiological and physico-chemical monitoring over three and twelve months respectively. Microbiological results indicate bacterial elimination rates of over 90% in autumn–winter due to the effectiveness of facultative ponds with 20–25 days of retention time, water clarity, ponds depth, and high sunlight exposure and penetration. Physico-chemical parameters surpass the Moroccan standards for reuse except Ph and T0 by 20–30%, this wastewater is relatively loaded with various pollutants, especially high organic load and low oxygen content. Statistical analysis has been made by principal component analysis (PCA), and confirms that dissolved oxygen, total suspended solids, COD and BOD5 do not reach the threshold for discharge into the natural environment, and moreover their reuse. For the improvement of the quality of these waters, it is legitimate to provide an upgrade of this plant by a tertiary treatment with maturation ponds.

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Olorode, Oluwayemisi Agnes, and O. E. Fagade. "Comparison Between a Brewery Effluent and Its Receiving Stream in Ibadan Based on Their Physico; Chemical and Microbiological Analysis." International Journal of Basic and Applied Science 1, no. 2 (October 31, 2012): 279–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17142/ijbas-2012.1.2.15.

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Kamal, Saniya B., Arvind Kumar, and Tanuj Tanwar. "Physico-chemical, proximate, sensory and storage quality attributes analysis of Papaver somniferum (poppy) fortified chevon nuggets." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 9, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v9i1.1158.

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Papaver somniferum(Poppy) seeds contain poly-phenols like tannic acid, ellagitannin that act as antioxidant, fat replacer, sedative, analgesic and anti-tussive properties, disease preventing and health promoting proper-ties. Efficacy of ground P. somniferum poppy seed was used in chevon nuggets was analyzed. The use of ground poppy seed in chevon nuggets formulation had no effect on moisture as well as pH content of poppy seed incorporated chevon nuggets. However, ground poppy seed incorporation in chevon nuggets had significantly (p<0.05) lower fat content, higher protein content, higher emulsion stability and subsequently higher cooking yield. Chevon nuggets having 10% ground poppy seed were having significantly (p<0.05) higher sensory scores. The ground poppy seed treated chevon nuggets were having significantly (p<0.05) lower TBA and FFA value. The microbial load of developed product was significantly (p<0.05) lower during refrigeration storage. The chevon nuggets prepared with fortification of ground poppy seed was found to be suitable for consumption till 21st day during refrigeration storage based on TBA, FFA, microbiological and sensory profile. Thus, chevon nuggets with good to very good acceptability were developed with incorporation of ground poppy (P. somniferum) seed in it. The chevon nuggets developed consisted of higher amount of antioxidants and polyunsaturated fatty acid with better sensory scores and longer shelf-life.

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Çankaya, Sertaç, Murat Topbaş, Asuman Yavuzyılmaz, Şehbal Yeşilbaş Üçüncü, Serdar Karakullukçu, C. ceyda Kolaylı, İrem Dilaver, et al. "The physical, chemical and microbiological analysis of public fountains in Trabzon city." Turkish Bulletin of Hygiene and Experimental Biology 74, no. 50 (2017): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5505/turkhijyen.2017.54037.

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Godoy, Antonio Cesar, Romulo Batista Rodrigues, Arlindo Fabrício Corrêia, Jarred Hugh Oxford, Antonio Carlos Chidichima, Frederico Lovato, Wilson Rogério Boscolo, Monica Lady Fiorese, and Aldi Feiden. "Mapping of physical-chemical, microbiological, and chemical component characteristics of water samples from Nile tilapia slaughterhouses." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 11 (August 27, 2021): e164101119066. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i11.19066.

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The aim of this study was to analyze the physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of the water used in fish processing and tilapia fillets in slaughterhouses. The study analyzed the processing water from nine slaughterhouses. The water samples for analysis were collected at three points: process water (PW), it is the water used inside the slaughterhouses in direct contact with the fish; clean water entering the purification tank (EPT) and water leaving the purification tank (LPT). The processing waters of the nine tilapia slaughterhouses were analyzed and characterized according to their microbiological and physical-chemical characteristics. The results of microbiological analyzes meet the values indicated by legislation, in most cases. Regarding microbiological data, we can highlight that there was an increase in the total coliforms of the water entering the purification tank to the water leaving the purification tank in five slaughterhouses. Still, there was an increase in the aerobic mesophilic bacteria content observed in the outgoing water in relation to the inlet water of the purification tank in seven slaughterhouses. In relation to the physical chemical analyzes for the process water samples, the results show that the evaluated indices are in accordance with the values indicated by the legislation. The levels of Cd, Mg, Sc and Cd were below that detectable by the analysis in all slaughterhouses. The levels of Al, Sc, As, Rb, Ba, Pb, Mn, As, Se, Rb, Ag, Sb, Ba and Pb were detected only in one or two slaughterhouses. It is concluded that although some abattoirs have water characteristics outside the limits indicated by the legislation, the observed changes were not significant and small adjustments are necessary for the adequacy.

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Dumitriu Buzia, Olimpia, Valeria Fasie, Nela Mardare, Camelia Diaconu, Gabriela Gurau, and Alin Laurentiu Tatu. "Formulation, Preparation, Physico-chimical Analysis, Microbiological Peculiarities and Therapeutic Challenges of Extractive Solution of Kombucha." Revista de Chimie 69, no. 3 (April 15, 2018): 720–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.18.3.6184.

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This paper aimed at the preparation and characterisation of an extractive solution of Kombucha. We have applied the method of water extraction of a species of yeast, Kombucha, grown and proliferated in the pharmaceutical technology laboratory of the Faculty of Pharmacy at Dunarea de Jos University of Galati. Samples of various sugar concentrations have been prepared, as well as samples subject to concentration, thus obtaining extracts of up to 80% concentration. The extract obtained was analysed chemically and microbiologically. The main elements highlighted in the composition of the extractive solution were: iron, zinc, magnesium, calcium and potassium. The antimicrobial activity in strains: Gram-positive: Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia Coli, fungi: Candida albicans.

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Shulga, L. V., K. L. Medvedeva, A. V. Lantzov, and E. O. Valshonok. "EFFECT OF PACKAGING METHOD ON QUALITY PARAMETERS OF PROCESSED CHEESES." Transactions of the educational establishment “Vitebsk the Order of “the Badge of Honor” State Academy of Veterinary Medicine 57, no. 1 (2021): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.52368/2078-0109-2021-57-1-119-123.

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The determining factor in the sale of products is not only the quality and price policy, but also the design and type of packaging. In the conducted studies it was found that the quality parameters of processed cheeses in polypropylene cups, processed cheeses in briquettes, processed cheeses in slices and processed smoked sausage cheeses by the organoleptic, physico-chemical, microbiological parameters met the requirements imposed on them by the relevant regulatory documents. The highest score in the "sensory analysis" was given to processed cheese in briquettes.

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Ab Aziz, Muhamad Faris, Muhammad Nizam Hayat, Ubedullah Kaka, Nitty Hirawaty Kamarulzaman, and Awis Qurni Sazili. "Physico-Chemical Characteristics and Microbiological Quality of Broiler Chicken Pectoralis Major Muscle Subjected to Different Storage Temperature and Duration." Foods 9, no. 6 (June 4, 2020): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9060741.

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Storage temperature and duration plays an important role in meat processing. Observations in poultry processing plants have shown a serious deviation in storage condition compared to the recommended procedures. Furthermore, there is still a paucity of evidence on the effects of storage temperature and duration on meat quality and microbial population. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of different temperature and duration during storage on physico-chemical properties and microbiological quality of broiler chicken Pectoralis major muscle. Eighty birds were slaughtered and processed, following which the packed boneless breast (PBB) (each bird was to provide two breast muscle samples; left breast and right breast) was divided into four groups, each consisted of 40 PBB. Each group was subsequently assigned to storage either at 4 °C, −10 °C, −18 °C or −40 °C, for 24 h before 20 PBB samples from each group were transported to the respective laboratory for meat quality and microbiological analysis. The remaining 20 PBB from each storage temperature were stored for 72 h before being transported for analysis. Results have shown significant increases in drip loss and cooking loss as the storage temperature decreases. Similarly, storage duration significantly affected cooking loss, of which, samples stored for 72 h exhibited higher cooking loss compared to those stored for 24 h. For color, significant differences were only observed in lightness (L*) and redness (a*) values. Longer duration of storage had significantly improved tenderness whereby, samples that have been stored for a shorter duration presented higher pH values. Populations of coliform and Salmonella decreased significantly with decreasing temperature and increasing storage duration.

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AKINTOKUN, A. K., P. O. AKINTOKUN, A. O. OBAWUSI, and O. R. LAWAL. "CHANGES IN MICROBIOLOGICAL AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES DURING COMPOSTING OF SIAM WEED (Chromolaena odorata) AND COWDUNG." Journal of Natural Sciences Engineering and Technology 14, no. 2 (July 30, 2018): 40–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.51406/jnset.v14i2.1753.

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Three compost samples were prepared in this study from Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata) and cowdung. Sample A was prepared from Cow dung and siam weed at ratio 100g: 100g, Sample B was prepared from 200g chopped siam weed and sample C contained 200g cowdung. These three sam-ples were composted in plastic drums perforated for aeration and each sample were replicated three times. The content in the drums were regularly turned and monitored at 1, 10, 30 and 60 days for mi-crobiological and physicochemical properties. The microbiological and physicochemical analyses of the compost were carried out using standard procedures. Bacterial, Coliform and Fungal count in-creased from day 1 to the 30th day and thereafter decreased from 30th day to the 60th day in all the composting samples. The bacteria species isolated and identified were Pseudomonas fragilis, Pseu-domonas nitrificans, Proteus mirabilis, E. coli, Streptococcus faecium, Micrococcus luteus, Clostridium perfringes, Bacillus cereus, Proteus morganii, Micrococcus acidophilus. Fungal species were Aspergil-lus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Fusarium oxysporium, Penicillum chrysogenum, Aspergillus niger, Mucor sp. and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The pH of the composted samples ranges between 5.8 to 6.9. The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content increased with days of composting but the heavy metals decreased with days of composting. The sulfatase, phosphatase, dehydrogenase, amyl-ase and cellulose enzymes in the three samples increased from day 1 to the 60th day. Sulfatase en-zyme which was the highest ranged from 25 to 76.5% in the three sample, phosphatase (14 to 60.5%), dehydrogenase (20.5 to 55.0%), cellulose (16.5 to 49%) and amylase which was the least enzyme recorded ranged from 5.0 to 38%.

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Benyagoub, Elhassan, Mohammed Ayat, and Djamila Belarbi. "Physico-chemical quality assessment of ultra high temperature sterilized milk and milk products in Western Algeria." South Asian Journal of Experimental Biology 4, no. 3 (June 28, 2014): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.38150/sajeb.4(3).p85-90.

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The present study focused on the physico-chemical and bacteriological quality assessment of samples including ultra-high-temperature (UHT) sterilized milk, melted cheese and yoghurt, collected from dairy product factories in western Algeria. Hazards identification and development of a quality man-agement standard for these subsidiaries were established. The physico-chemical and bacteriological quality of products analyzed was satisfactory, with the exception of 20% of the samples of fruity yoghurts where the titrat-able acidity was relatively high 1.337 ± 0.143%. Prerequisite programs (PRP) established will prevent the occurrence of hazards microbiological origin, which confirms the fact that hygiene measures are the best safety assurance. The hazard analysis of the production process of yoghurt and cheese allowed us to determine their causes, preventive measures for certain sensitive stages where hazards can be eliminated or reduced to acceptable levels, the de-termination of critical points for mastery (CCP) and operational prerequisite programs (PRPo), establishing critical limits, and monitoring plans. Awareness actions and information on potential risks are essential for consumers.

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Zayed, Ashraf R., Suha Butmeh, Marina Pecellin, Alaa Salah, Hanna Alalam, Michael Steinert, Manfred G. Höfle, Dina M. Bitar, and Ingrid Brettar. "Biogeography and Environmental Drivers of Legionella pneumophila Abundance and Genotype Composition across the West Bank: Relevance of a Genotype-Based Ecology for Understanding Legionella Occurrence." Pathogens 9, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9121012.

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The West Bank can be considered as a high-risk area for Legionella prevalence in drinking water due to high ambient temperature, intermittent water supply, frequent pressure loss, and storage of drinking water in roof containers. To assess occurrence of Legionella species, especially L. pneumophila, in the drinking water of the West Bank, the drinking water distribution systems of eight hospitals were sampled over a period of 2.3 years covering the seasonal cycle and the major geographic regions. To gain insight into potential environmental drivers, a set of physico-chemical and microbiological parameters was recorded. Sampling included drinking water and biofilm analyzed by culture and PCR-based methods. Cultivation led to the isolation of 180 strains of L. pneumophila that were genotyped by Multi-Locus Variable Number of Tandem Repeat Analysis (MLVA). Surprisingly, the abundance of culturable L. pneumophila was low in drinking water of the sampling sites, with only three out of eight sites where Legionella was observed at all (range: 30–500 CFU/Liter). By contrast, biofilm and PCR-based analyses showed a higher prevalence. Statistical analyses with physico-chemical parameters revealed a decrease of L. pneumophila abundance for water and biofilm with increasing magnesium concentrations (>30 mg/L). MLVA-genotype analysis of the L. pneumophila isolates and their spatial distribution indicated three niches characterized by distinct physico-chemical parameters and inhabited by specific consortia of genotypes. This study provides novel insights into mechanisms shaping L. pneumophila populations and triggering their abundance leading to an understanding of their genotype-specific niches and ecology in support of improved prevention measures.

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Araújo, Bruno Fernando Oliveira, Sybelle Geórgia Mesquita da Silva, João Manoel da Silva, Cícero Cerqueira Cavalcanti Neto, Paula Cibelly Vilela da Silva, Yamina Coentro Montaldo, Jakes Halan de Queiroz Costa, Elizabeth Simões do Amaral Alves, and Tania Marta Carvalho dos Santos. "Microbiological quality and somatic cells of in natura milk produced in Alagoas State, Brazil." Research, Society and Development 9, no. 9 (August 23, 2020): e412997379. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i9.7379.

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Abstract:

Raw milk is a food with great consumption and economic value in Brazil. However, is susceptible of contamination by pathogenic bacteria. The aimed of this study was to evaluate the quality of in natura milk based on microbiological in three dairy farms, somatic cells counting (SCC), bacterial counting and his physical-chemical composition. Were made the following microbiological analysis: counting of mesophilic and psychrotrophic bacteria, coliforms at 30 ºC, coliforms at 45 ºC, Staphylococcus spp., Listeria spp., and SCC. The physical-chemical analysis was fat, protein, lactose, total solids, urea, and casein. There was no evidence of Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli were identified in any samples. In accordance to the microbiological standards established by Normative Instruction 76 only coliforms 30 ºC and 45 ºC counts were above the standards. There was a significant difference (p≤0.05) between the three farms studied regarding most microbiological aspects. Also, was observed difference (p≤0.05) for most of physical-chemical aspects. Overall, the milk produced in the regions of Alagoas State fails to meet just a constant criterion in the current legislation.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Physico- chemical and microbiological analysis'

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