Relevant bibliographies by topics / Physicochemical Parameters of Water

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Academic literature on the topic 'Physicochemical Parameters of Water'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 15 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Physicochemical Parameters of Water"

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Thakre, Dr Y. G. "Analysis of water Quality by usage of Physicochemical Parameters: A Review." International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews 6, no. 3 (2025): 3022–25. https://doi.org/10.55248/gengpi.6.0325.11104.

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Dwivedi, H.S. Malik Bhawna Dwivedi P. "STUDY OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS RIVER KHAN." International Journal of Research - GRANTHAALAYAH 3, no. 9 (Special Edition) (2017): 1–3. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.847138.

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Water quality is closely linked to water use and to the state of economic development. Water pollution occurs when unwanted pollutants are discharged directly or indirectly into water bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful compounds. Water pollution affects plants and organisms living in water bodies and also to the natural biological communities. The present study is to assess the quality of river Khan at Triveni, Ujjain. Khan River flows from Indore via Sanwer it reaches Ujjain and joins Kshipra at Triveni. There are several industries in Indore, which throw their effluents in the river and it receives untreated sewage, drainage, run off from farms from the villages which are situated at the bank of this river. Though Bhangarh treatment plant has been setup at Indore to treat river Khan, only 30% of the river is being treated while rest of the water is untreated. Hence this source has been rendered unsafe for human consumption. Samples were collected from two sampling stations in the month of November. Their physicochemical analysis indicates that river water is highly polluted, BOD, COD, turbidity and TDS values are very high indicating that the water body is not fit for use
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Dwivedi, H. S., and Malik Bhawna. "STUDY OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS RIVER KHAN." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 3, no. 9SE (2015): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i9se.2015.3190.

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Water quality is closely linked to water use and to the state of economic development. Water pollution occurs when unwanted pollutants are discharged directly or indirectly into water bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful compounds. Water pollution affects plants and organisms living in water bodies and also to the natural biological communities.
 The present study is to assess the quality of river Khan at Triveni, Ujjain. Khan River flows from Indore via Sanwer it reaches Ujjain and joins Kshipra at Triveni. There are several industries in Indore, which throw their effluents in the river and it receives untreated sewage, drainage, run off from farms from the villages which are situated at the bank of this river. Though Bhangarh treatment plant has been setup at Indore to treat river Khan, only 30% of the river is being treated while rest of the water is untreated. Hence this source has been rendered unsafe for human consumption.
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Ashenafi, Zeleke Melaku. "Assessment of Physico Chemical Characteristics of Ground Water around Debre Tabor Town, Ethiopia." J. of Physical and Chemical Sciences 6, no. 4 (2018): 03. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1481561.

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Quality of water is an important criterion for evaluating the suitability of water for Domestic purposes. In this regard the quality of ground water around town of Debre tabor was assessed in this study in terms of some physicochemical parameters. Samples of ground water were collected from four different sample sites of the town and subjected for comprehensive physicochemical analysis. The physicochemical parameters studied include pH, Electrical Conductivity, Alkalinity, Total hardness, Total Dissolved Solids, total suspended solid and acidity, on comparing the results against drinking water quality standards laid by World Health Organization. The data revealed as there is no considerable variations in the assessed parameters except pH in one of the sample site (kebele 04 which is above the permissible limit set by world health organization).
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Varshney, Bhawna, and Amar Dhariwal. "Analysis of Yamuna Water Quality using Physicochemical Parameter." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 10, no. 8 (2021): 114–17. https://doi.org/10.21275/mr21731115953.

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Sivachandrabose, Kannan. "Assessment of Physicochemical Parameters of Water in Puliyanthangal Lake of Ranipet, Tamilnadu, India." International Journal of Zoology and Animal Biology 6, no. 1 (2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/izab-16000431.

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The present investigation is centered on the Physicochemical characteristic features in water samples collected from the Puliyanthangal lake of Ranipet region which is suspected to be influenced by the intrusion of tannery effluents and domestic waste by direct and indirect means. Monthly water samples were collected at station 1 and station 2 from the Puliyanthangal lake of Ranipet area for the period of one year from May 2016 to April 2017. The range of physio-chemical parameters such as appearance (turbid/clear), colour (colourless/green), odour (none), total dissolved solids (265-1553), turbidity (0.9 - 13.17 ), electrical conductivity (76-782 Mhc), PH (6.85-7.93), dissolved oxygen (4.73-22.50 ), calcium (46.33-152), magnesium (12.10- 36.33), sodium (211-296), potassium (0.30-24.26), iron (0.02-0.49), manganese (0.01-0.29), free ammonia (0.04-1.14), nitrite (0.01-1.37) nitrate (6-41), sulphate (19.5-234) and phosphate (0.03-3.88) were recorded and discussed. Unit of the chemical parameters is represented as mg/l and physico-chemical parameters were estimated using the standard method of APHA (2005). The data was analyzed using two way ANOVA. However, escalation of physicochemical variables was noticed only in sampling station 1 and this may be due to the entry points to receive the high amount organic load from the discharge of tannery effluents and domestic wastes by direct or indirect means. It is suggested from this study that these biotopes are to be conserved from the intrusion of pollutants so that the biodiversity of the ecosystem would be sustained.
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Y., Asefers, Taouil H., Doubi M., Amine A., and Ibn Ahmed S. "Evaluation of the Physico-Chemical Quality of the Waters of the Oulja Well in the Oum Er-Rbia Watershed." Chemistry Research Journal 2, no. 3 (2017): 144–51. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13955549.

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The Spatio-temporal variations of certain physicochemical parameters were studied, in fact the sampling was carried out during the year 2014. Two samples were taken per well, and per season. The analysis results obtained show that high mineralization of the well water as indicated by the high values of the electrical conductivity and the major ions, chlorides, sodium and sulphates. A higher hardness accompanied by an evolutionary nutritive contamination. It is clear from this study that the water table in the oulja zone is contaminated and has water of degraded quality.
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Pramod, K. Mahour, and Pate Tarun. "Physico-Chemical Analysis of Ground Water Quality of Kalavad Taluka of Jamnagar District (Gujarat)." Journal of Progressive Research in Chemistry 5, no. 1 (2017): 217–20. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3969758.

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Abstract Physicochemical analysis of ground water samples were collected from different places of Kalavad taluka of Jamnagar district (India). These Fifteen samples of water samples from different places were analyzed for their physicochemical characteristics. All the samples were collected from the different places. People used water for drinking and irrigation purpose these water samples from fifteen different places of Kalavad, were analyzed for their physicochemical characteristics. Laboratory tests were performed for analysis as Temperature Calcium, Magnesium, hardness, pH; Chloride, Alkalinity, TDS, sulphate, phosphate and nitrate were studied. The usefulness of these parameters in predicting ground water quality characteristics were discussed. Thus an attempt has been made to find the quality of ground water in and around Kalavad suitable for drinking purposes after proper purification.
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Nica-Badea, Delia, and Tiberiu Tataru. "Water Quality and Spatial Assessment of Physicochemical Parameters." Pharmacophore 14, no. 5 (2023): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.51847/q9x8bdrozl.

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Anyanwu, Emeka, Onyinyechi Adetunji, and Solomon Umeham. "Assessment of Physicochemical Parameters and Phytoplankton of Eme River, Umuahia, Southeast Nigeria." Sriwijaya Journal of Environment 6, no. 2 (2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22135/sje.2021.6.2.1-12.

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Aquatic ecosystems respond differently to diverse anthropogenic activities in their watersheds. Phytoplankton is sensitive to their environment and is used to monitor anthropogenic impacts. A study was carried out in a South-eastern Nigerian River between December 2017 and November 2018 in 6 stations; to assess the phytoplankton community, water quality, and anthropogenic impacts. Sand mining was a major activity in the river among others. The phytoplankton was sampled with the filtration method while water was collected and analyzed using standard methods. A total of 36 phytoplankton species were recorded with Chlorophyceae being the most abundant group. The most abundant species - Melosira granulata is a pollution indicator. The water quality and phytoplankton structure showed that the water was tending towards eutrophication. This is attributed to the observed anthropogenic activities and cumulative impacts of all the activities in the watershed. The impact of sand mining activities was observed more in the downstream stations (4 – 6) while perturbation from swimming children and related activities was observed in station 1. The community structure reflected the impacts of the activities while CCA showed the major water quality parameters that influenced the phytoplankton community structure.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Physicochemical Parameters of Water"

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Le, Trang Thi, Doan Dang Phan, Bao Dang Khoa Huynh, Van Tho Le, and Van Tu Nguyen. "Phytoplankton diversity and its relation to the physicochemical parameters in main water bodies of Vinh Long province, Vietnam." Technische Universität Dresden, 2019. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A70829.

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Phytoplankton samples were collected in 2016 during the dry and rainy seasons at nine sampling sites in Vinh Long province, Vietnam. Some basic environment parameters such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, nitrate and phosphate were measured and a total of 209 phytoplankton species (six phyla, 96 genera) were identified. The phylum that had the greatest number of species was Bacillariophyta (82 species), followed by Chlorophyta (61 species), Cyanophyta (39 species), Euglenophyta (21 species), Chrysophyta (three species) and Dinophyta (three3 species). The phytoplankton density ranged from 4,128 to 123,029 cells/liter. The dominant algae recorded in the study area include Microcystis aeruginosa, Merismopedia glauca, Oscillatoria perornata, Jaaginema sp., Planktothrix agardhii, Coscinodiscus subtilis, Melosira granulata. In particular, Microcystis aeruginosa was the most density dominant species in the total number of sampling sites during the dry season survey, and this species was classified as a group producing toxins harmful to the environment. Surface water quality, according to QCVN 08: 2015/BTNMT was classified into Column A1 for pH, nitrate and Column B1 for dissolved oxygen, and Column B2 for phosphate. Phytoplankton community structure and environmental factors changed substantially between dry and rainy seasons. A Pearson (r) correlation coefficient was used for the relative analysis. The results indicated that the number of phytoplankton species were a significantly positive correlation with pH, dissolved oxygen and nitrate in the rainy season. The phytoplankton abundance was uncorrelated with environmental factors in both seasons.<br>Các mẫu thực vật phù du được thu thập trong năm 2016 (mùa khô và mùa mưa) tại 9 vị trí ở tỉnh Vĩnh Long, Việt Nam. Một số thông số môi trường như nhiệt độ, pH, oxy hòa tan, nitrat và phốt phát được đo ngay tại hiện trường. Tổng cộng 209 loài thực vật phù du được ghi nhận (6 ngành, 96 chi). Số lượng loài cao nhất là tảo Silic (82 loài), kế đến là tảo Lục (61 loài), tảo Lam (39 loài), tảo Mắt (21 loài), tảo Vàng ánh (3 loài) và tảo Giáp (3 loài). Mật độ thực vật phù du dao động từ 4.128 đến 123.029 tế bào/ lít. Các loài ưu thế ghi nhận được ở khu vực nghiên cứu gồm có: Microcystis aeruginosa, Merismopedia glauca, Oscillatoria perornata, Jaaginema sp., Planktothrix agardhii; Coscinodiscus subtilis, Melosira granulata. Trong đó, loài Microcystis aeruginosa chiếm ưu thế nhiều nhất trên tổng số điểm thu mẫu trong đợt khảo sát mùa khô, đồng thời loài này được xếp vào nhóm sản sinh độc tố gây hại cho môi trường. Chất lượng nước mặt theo QCVN 08:2015/BTNMT được xếp vào loại A1 đối với thông số pH, nitrat và loại B1 đối với thông số oxy hòa tan, và loại B2 đối với phốt phát. Cấu trúc quần xã thực vât nổi và các yếu tố môi trường thay đổi đáng kể giữa mùa mưa và mừa khô. Hệ số tương quan Pearson (r) được dùng để phân tích. Kết quả cho thấy số lượng thực vật phù du có tương quan thuận với pH, oxy hòa tan và nitrat trong mùa mưa và có ý nghĩa về mặt thống kê. Mật độ của thực vật phù du không tương quan với các yếu tố môi trường trong cả hai mùa.
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Clyde, Gerard A. "Spatial and temporal patterns exhibited by select physicochemical and biological water quality parameters in Lake Texoma, Oklahoma and Texas." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2004. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4628/.

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From August 1996 through September 1997 eleven fixed stations were sampled monthly in January, March , April , July, August, September, and November and fortnightly in May and June for the purposes of establishing baseline conditions present in Lake Texoma as related to U.S. Army Corps of Engineers chloride control activities in the upper Wichita River, Texas. Five reservoir zones were identified a priori using historical chloride concentration data and include the Red River Zone (RRZ), Red River Transition Zone (RRTZ), Main Lake Body (MLB), Washita River Transition Zone (WRTZ), and Washita River Zone (WRZ) in order of decreasing chloride concentration. The existence of the WRTZ is not supported here, however the Big Mineral Arm in the RRTZ was observed to be highly independent of the mixing patterns observed in the RRTZ and was treated post priori separately from the RRTZ. Spatial and temporal comparisons between reservoir zones were performed on seventeen (17) physicochemical parameters from each of the eleven sampling stations and phytoplankton count data from one sampling station within each reservoir zone and physicochemical parameters were observed to exhibit a fixed spatial gradient. Strong density gradients throughout the reservoir were observed to occur in conjunction with vertical stratification of the water column. Stratification stability at individual stations was attributable to both thermal and salinity density gradients throughout the period of stratification with the degree to which stratification is thermally or chemically induced influenced by inter-annual variability in hydraulic residence time. Hypolimnetic oxygen depletion rates were also observed to be affected by changes in hydraulic residence time with a long-term trend of decreasing relative areal hypolimnetic oxygen rates detected between the 1970s and 1990s. The algal assemblage present in Lake Texoma is dominated by the Cyanophyta, which comprises 82.1 % of the assemblage total standing crop with one species, Microcystis incerta, comprising 57.0 % of the assemblage total standing crop and is typical of a temperate eutrophic lake. The algal assemblage was affected more by temporal dynamics rather than spatial dynamics with variance observed in the algal assemblage attributable to physicochemical factors which vary through time.
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Barbosa, Igor Silva. "ANÁLISE DOS PARÂMETROS FÍSICO-QUÍMICOS E METAIS PRESENTES NAS NASCENTES DO RIO MEIA PONTE." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2015. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/2543.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:44:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IGOR SILVA BARBOSA.pdf: 2324780 bytes, checksum: 404e6b1a1c1a079e20a17f4884a14470 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-25<br>In this dissertation was determined variations in physicochemical parameters and metal pollutants in water collected in the springhead of the Meia Ponte river Goiás, samples were collected from 20 points downstream and upstream and the data were statistically treated. The physicochemical parameters evaluated were pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, temperature and luminosity. The pH and luminosity showed in accord with by law. With respect to conductivity and dissolved oxygen were observed variations when compared to CONAMA 357-2005 standards, the conductivity parameter in the collection point 17 in both in the downstream as well as in the upstream the indexes was too high, it can be justified because of the production of ruminants next to the collection points and also to the have high ground slope, facilitating the flow of wastes from the production to the riverbed. For OD parameter were observed anomalies in points 10,11,12,13,14,15 and 19, those increases are justified because by factors such as: anthropic actions and flood plains in the collection locations. For metals pollutants were observed in all the samples, that Cu and Cr are in accord to the standards set out by law for drinking waters, Cd and Pb showed high values only in point 1 which can mainly due to antropic action, already Zn showed a high value only in point 3, Mn on the other hand was the metal that was above the standard in highest number of points, alterations can be observed in the points 1,2,9,10,11,13,15,16,18, and 20, this was probably due to the geological characteristics of the region which the samples were collected.<br>Nessa dissertação foi determinada as variações de parâmetros físico-químicos e metais poluentes em água nas nascentes do rio meia ponte em Goiás, onde foram coletadas amostras de 20 pontos a jusante e montante e os dados foram tratados estatisticamente. No Parâmetro físico-químico foi avaliado pH, condutividade, Oxigênio Dissolvido, Temperatura e Luminosidade. Os parâmetros pH e luminosidade encontraram-se dentro da normalidade estabelecida pela legislação. Em relação a Condutividade e Oxigênio Dissolvido ocorreram variações significativas de acordo com os padrões do CONAMA 357-2005. No parâmetro condutividade no ponto de coleta 17 na jusante assim como na montante, os índices ficaram bem elevados e são justificados devido a produção de ruminantes próxima aos pontos de coletas e também ao terreno ter alto declive, facilitando o escoamento de resíduos da produção para o leito do rio. Em relação ao parâmetro OD, foi observada anomalias nos pontos 10,11,12,13,14,15 e 19, são justificados esses aumentos devido a alguns fatores como: ações antrópicas e áreas de várzeas nos locais de coleta. Para os metais poluentes, foi observado em todas as amostras, que o Cu e Cr estão dentro dos padrões estabelecidos pela legislação para águas potáveis, Cd e Pb apresentaram valores elevados apenas em uma mostra coletada no ponto 1,que pode ser devida principalmente a ação antrópica, já o Zn apresentou valor elevado apenas no ponto 3, o Mn por sua vez foi o metal que esteve acima dos padrões em maior número de pontos podendo ser observadas alterações nos pontos, 1,2,9,10,11,13,15,16,18 e 20, isso provavelmente deve-se às características geológicas da região onde as amostras foram coletadas.
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Santos, Martha Raquel Pereira. "Bacterial community as a complementary tool to the water directive framework in ecological quality assessment of Caima river." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/21461.

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Mestrado em Microbiologia<br>Freshwater ecosystems have been suffering severe degradation and loss of biodiversity, caused by human disturbances such as agriculture, industry, mining, urban development and climate changes. Therefore, the European Union reached an agreement and implemented the Water Framework Directive (WFD), with the main goal of reach a good ecological status in all water bodies. However, WFD is very complex, methodologies are time-consuming and costly. Thus, the main objective of this study is to develop a rapid and cost-effective approach, by studying the bacterial community composition by flow cytometry, as a complementary methodology to WFD. To achieve this, we study 3 sampling sites at Caima River along the seasons (winter, spring and summer), with different levels of environmental impacts (Nascente- river source- with little impact, Bustelo- downstream WWTP and Palhal- exposed to mine drainage), applying first the WFD criteria and then multivariate analysis for macroinvertebrate, periphyton and bacteria communities. Physico-chemical, metals and bacteria samples were collected from the water column and sediment river bottom, showing that in all the parameters (with some exceptions) and metals the concentrations were higher in sediments. Results showed that not always the macroinvertebrate and periphyton communities were sensitive to an increased nutrient input, resulting in an ecological status higher than expected. On the other hand, community structure analysis for macroinvertebrates and periphyton was very discriminatory, associating high levels of nutrients and metals with more tolerant organisms in impacted sites, and sensitive organisms with high levels of dissolved oxygen corresponding to pristine environments. Bacteria community analysis revealed a clear separation of LNA and HNA bacteria in sediment according to the different environmental stress, being possible to dissociate the majority of the impacted sites from the clean sites, being HNA a good indicator of contamination. These results revealed that bacteria community in sediments has more reliable data about the impacts that a freshwater ecosystem can suffer. The discriminating power of bacteria community analyzed by FCM provided good responses, although, further investigations are needed to confirm the feasibility of this new method, as a complementary tool in the water quality assessment.<br>Os sistemas aquáticos de água doce têm vindo a sofrer uma severa degradação e perda de biodiversidade, derivado de atividades humanas como a agricultura, indústria, atividades mineiras desenvolvimento urbano e alterações climáticas. Assim, a União Europeia implementou a Diretiva Quadro da Água (DQA), com o principal objetivo de atingir o bom estado ecológico em todas as massas de água. No entanto, a DQA revelou ser bastante complexa, com metodologias muito morosas e dispendiosas. Com este estudo, pretende-se desenvolver uma metodologia rápida e económica, estudando a composição da comunidade bacteriana por citometria de fluxo, como ferramenta complementar à DQA. Para a concretização deste trabalho, foram estudados 3 locais do rio Caima com diferentes tipos de impactos: a nascente – local de referência; Bustelo - a jusante de uma estação de tratamento de águas residuais e o Palhal - com escorrências provenientes de uma mina desativada, no inverno, primavera e verão aplicando a metodologia estabelecidas pela DQA usando os macroinvertebrados e perifiton como comunidades biológicas estudadas. Adicionalmente foi aplicada a análise multivariada aos dados recolhidos por citometria de fluxo à comunidade de bactérias da coluna de água e dos elutriados dos sedimentos e aos resultados das comunidades de macroinvertebrados e perifiton obtidos da DQA. No geral, os parâmetros físico-químicos, e as quantificações de metais mostraram valores mais elevados nos elutriados dos sedimentos do rio, do que na coluna de água mostrando a importância da análise desta matriz que não está contemplada na DQA. Resultados sensu DQA mostraram que nem sempre as comunidades de macroinvertebrados e perifiton foram concordantes na resposta aos diferentes tipos de impactos e que a qualidade ecológica dos locais avaliados foi melhor do que era expectável. Por outro lado, a análise multivariada das comunidades de macroinvertebrados e perifiton foi bastante discriminatória, associando elevados níveis de nutrientes e metais com organismos mais tolerantes, que se encontram em locais mais impactados, e organismos sensíveis com altos níveis de oxigénio dissolvido em locais mais pristinos. A análise da comunidade bacteriana revelou uma distinta separação entre bactérias LNA e HNA nos sedimentos, de acordo com os diferentes stresses ambientais, sendo HNA, nos sedimentos, um ótimo indicador de contaminação. Estes resultados revelam que a comunidade bacteriana oferece uma boa resolução de locais contaminados usando a citometria de fluxo como metodologia rápida de avaliação complementar à avaliação do estado ecológico sensu DQA sendo, no entanto, necessárias mais estudos aplicados a outras tipologias de rios e outros tipos de impactos para confirmar a validade desta nova metodologia.
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SANTOS, Patrícia Pimentel. "Indicadores Bacteriológicos de Poluição e sua Relação com Parâmetros Físico-Químicos em Água de Abastecimento Humano, Antes e Após o Tratamento, em Goiânia." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/1779.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:29:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PATRICIA PIMENTEL parte 1.pdf: 1044776 bytes, checksum: d66cf047cfd79bf2a39c5e33b86add86 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-16<br>The city of Goiânia is supplied by Meia Ponte River and it´s tributary, the João Leite Stream, which receive significant amount of pollutant along it course, arising from population growth, farming and industrial activities. This study aimed to investigate the bacteriological and physicochemical quality of superficial waters from the river, stream and of drinking water from two water treatment plants (WTP) in Goiânia-GO. Twenty-four samples of superficial waters and 24 samples of drinking water were collected and analyzed during july 2007 and june 2008. The microbiology analysis followed the protocols established by the American Public Health Association (APHA) proceeding the determination of the Most Probably Number (MPN/100mL) of total coliform bacteria, thermotolerant coliforms, Escherichia coli, the counting of heterotrophic bacteria and the detection of Salmonella spp.. The physichochemical analysis also followed APHA´s protocols for the determination of dissolved oxygen, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, temperature, pH, chlorine residual and turbidity. Salmonella isolates were submitted to antimicrobial susceptibility tests in semiautomatic systems and serotypes were confirmed by the reference laboratory for Enterobacteriaceae of Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/RJ. Twenty-four (50.0%) samples of superficial water were above national microbiological standards and 5/24 (21.0%) were in disagreement on one or more physicochemical parameters and microbiological for class 2 freshwater. All drinking waters samples were in accordance with microbiological standards established by national legislation while 25.0% of drinking water of João Leite Stream were in disagreement to physicochemical patterns. The presence of Salmonella spp. had been detected in 3/24 (12.5%) of superficial waters samples from João Leite Stream being identified the following serotypes: Salmonella Hadar, S. Akuafo and S. Mbandaka. The strains presented intermediate susceptibility to moxifloxacin and susceptibility to ampicillin/sulbactam, ampicillin, aztreonam, cefepime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, imipenem, levofloxacin, meropenem, piperacillin/tazobactam, piperacillin, ticarcillin/ac. clavulanic, trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole. Although the half (50.0%) of untreated waters did not attend the limits established by the national legislation, after treatment, the quality of water pointed to an efficient treatment at WTP.<br>A cidade de Goiânia é abastecida pelo rio Meia Ponte e seu afluente, o ribeirão João Leite, os quais recebem descargas poluidoras significativas ao longo dos seus cursos, decorrentes do crescimento demográfico, das atividades agropecuárias e industriais. Este estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar a qualidade bacteriológica e físico-química de água bruta proveniente de rios e da água tratada em duas Estações de Tratamento de Água (ETAs) em Goiânia-GO. Foram coletadas e analisadas 24 amostras de água bruta e 24 de água tratada durante o período de julho de 2007 a junho de 2008. A análise microbiológica seguiu os protocolos estabelecidos pela American Public Health Association (APHA) procedendo-se a determinação do Número Mais Provável (NMP/100mL) de coliformes totais, coliformes termotolerantes, Escherichia coli, a contagem de bactérias heterotróficas e a pesquisa de Salmonella spp. A análise físico-química também seguiu os padrões recomendados pelo APHA para a determinação do oxigênio dissolvido, Demanda Bioquímica de Oxigênio, temperatura, pH, cloro residual livre e turbidez. Das cepas de Salmonella isoladas foi realizada a sorotipagem pelo Laboratório de Referência para Enterobacteriaceae da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/RJ e avaliou-se o perfil de suscetibilidade a antimicrobianos pelo sistema semi-automatizado. Das amostras de água bruta, 12/24 (50,0%) estavam fora dos padrões microbiológicos nacionais vigentes e 5/24 (21,0%) em desacordo em um ou dois parâmetros físico-químicos e microbiológicos para água doce de classe 2. Todas as amostras (100%) de água tratada estavam de acordo com os padrões microbiológicos estabelecidos pela legislação vigente, entretanto 25,0% da água tratada do ribeirão João Leite não atendeu aos padrões físico-químicos da legislação. A presença de Salmonella spp. foi detectada em 3/24 (12,5%) das amostras de água bruta do ribeirão João Leite, sendo identificados os seguintes sorotipos: S. Hadar, S. Akuafo e S. Mbandaka. As cepas apresentaram sensibilidade intermediária para moxifloxacina e sensibilidades aos antimicrobianos: ampicilina/sulbactam, ampicilina, aztreonam, cefepime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacina, imipenem, levofloxacina, meropenem, piperacilina/tazobactam, piperacilina, ticarcilina/ác. clavulânico, trimetoprim/ sulfametoxazol. Embora a qualidade da água bruta em 50,0 % das amostras brutas não tenha atendido os limites estabelecidos pela legislação, após o tratamento, a qualidade da água nas ETAs aponta para um tratamento eficiente
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FORMIGA, Aliane Cristiane de Sousa. "Variação Espaço/Temporal da qualidade de água subterrânea do Município de Juazeiro do Norte- CE." Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2015. http://dspace.sti.ufcg.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riufcg/490.

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Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-04-25T15:18:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ALIANE CRISTIANE DE SOUSA FORMIGA - DISSERTAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL PPGSA 2015..pdf: 2523638 bytes, checksum: 45d58e0e5579c606f4bc57cbb8cdecc3 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-25T15:18:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ALIANE CRISTIANE DE SOUSA FORMIGA - DISSERTAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL PPGSA 2015..pdf: 2523638 bytes, checksum: 45d58e0e5579c606f4bc57cbb8cdecc3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015<br>Como incremento da atividade antrópica e seus efeitos, a disponibilidade de água potável para consumo humano tornou-se um bem escasso e valioso, sendo necessária, frequentemente, uma avaliação que permita identificar sua qualidade para seus diversos usos. Dessa forma, este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a qualidade da água subterrânea da região de mananciais do município de Juazeiro do Norte - CE, oriundas dos poços tubulares operados pela CAGECE, na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Salgado, sob os aspectos físico-químico, referentes a sua variação espaço/temporal e aos limites estabelecidos pela portaria 2914/11 do Ministério da Saúde. Os dados dos parâmetros estudados, para os períodos de maio e novembro de 2013, maio e novembro de 2014, referentes a 33 poços de patrimônio da empresa CAGECE, somando um total de 124 amostras, divididas entre os 4 períodos. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos ao Diagrama de Piper para posterior classificação e comparação de distintos grupos de águas quanto aos íons dominantes. Em geral, as águas subterrâneas foram classificadas como águas bicarbonatadas mistas. Em função do tempo, usando o teste de Tukey foram observadas interferências ao nível de 5% de probabilidade nos teores de pH, Magnésio, Fluoreto e Alumínio. Quanto ao fator espacial, destaca-se variações significativas nos níveis de 5%, de probabilidade nos parâmetros pH, Alcalinidade, Dureza, Cálcio, Cloreto, Ferro, STD e CE. Níveis de 1% e 0,1% de significância foram detectados em todos os poços com o Nitrato, através do teste de Tukey. De acordo com a Portaria 2914/11 MS, ficou confirmado que alguns poços apresentaram índices relacionados a determinados parâmetros acima dos toleráveis de potabilidade de água, durante os quatro períodos monitorados. A água do município é de boa qualidade em termos de potabilidade, porém algumas áreas podem estar sendo contaminadas por ações antrópicas, desta maneira, torna-se necessário um monitoramento para verificar a ocorrência deste fato observado principalmente através do parâmetro nitrato.<br>As increased human activity and its effects, the availability of clean drinking water has become a scarce and valuable, requiring often an assessment to identify its quality for its various uses. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the quality of groundwater sources region of Juazeiro Municipality - EC, coming from the wells operated by CAGECE in the river basin Salgado, under the physical-chemical aspects, concerning the variation space / time and the limits established by Decree 2914/11 the Ministry of Health. The data of the parameters for the periods of May and November 2013, May and November 2014, regarding the company's heritage of 33 wells CAGECE, for a total of 124 samples, divided between the four periods. The results were submitted to the Piper diagram for further classification and comparison of different water groups as the dominant ions. In general, the groundwater were classified as mixed bicarbonated water. In function of time, using the Tukey test were observed interference level of 5% probability in pH, magnesium, and aluminum fluoride. As for the spatial factor, there is significant variation in the level of 5% probability the parameters pH, alkalinity, hardness, calcium, chloride, iron, STD and CE. Levels of 1% and 0.1% significance level were detected in all wells with the nitrate by the Tukey test. According to the Ordinance 2914/11 MS, it was confirmed that some wells showed indices related to certain parameters above the tolerable water potability, during the four monitored periods. The city's water is of good quality in terms of drinkability, however some areas may have been contaminated by human actions, in this way, it is necessary monitoring to verify the occurrence of this fact observed mainly by nitrates parameter.
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Dale, Sara E. "Physicochemical processes at oil/water interfaces." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487805.

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Diab, Walaa. "Étude des propriétés physico-chimiques et colloïdales du bassin de la rivière Litani, Liban." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0063/document.

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Cette thèse s’inscrit dans l’une des thématiques du «Laboratoire MCEMA», ayant pour projet l’étude physico-chimique des eaux de rivière et l’évaluation de l’influence des activités humaines sur la qualité de l’eau de la rivière LITANI. Ce travail est divisé en trois grandes parties. La 1ère partie a consisté d’étudier les paramètres physico-chimiques (T°, pH, EC, TSS, TDS, ion, etc.) au niveau de l’eau. La 2ème partie s’est concentrée autour de l’analyse des sédiments. Nous avons étudié les sédiments de la rivière de Litani, leurs natures, leurs granulométries, leurs propriétés physico-chimiques (charge et surface spécifique), leurs compositions ainsi que leurs contaminations métalliques. Alors que la troisième a été consacrée à l’étude de l’adsorption de certains polluants présents dans l'eau sur du charbon actif afin d’anticiper sur une étude d’avenir servant à traiter les eaux de cette rivière. Les résultats obtenus entrent dans un projet plus général visant l’étude de méthodes développées pour le traitement des eaux<br>This thesis is part of one of the focus of research at “MCEMA Laboratory” that concerns the physicochemical study of river water and the evaluation of the possible influence of human activities on the water quality of the Litani River. This work is divided into three principal parts. In the first one, we studied the physicochemical parameters (T, pH, EC, TSS, TDS, ions, etc.) of the water. The second part focuses on the sediment analysis. We studied the sediments of Litani River, their nature, size, composition, physicochemical properties (charge and specific surface area) with the metallic contamination. The third par is devoted the adsorption study of certain pollutants present in water on activated coal in order to anticipate on a future study on the treatment of the water river. The obtained results fall within a broader project on the study of developed methods on the treatment of wastewater
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Dorji, Kinzang. "Utility of an existing biotic score method in assessing the stream health in Bhutan." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/97993/1/Kinzang_Dorji_Thesis.pdf.

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In many countries water quality is assessed by using indices derived from the presence of macroinvertebrate species. This study aimed to improve the application of one such index (Hindu-Kush Himalaya based index: HKHbios) to rivers and streams in Bhutan. Sampling in a number of different streams showed that there was a strong influence of the monsoon on stream macroinvertebrates, however the month to month and site to site HKHbios scores showed no consistent patterns. Dry season sampling and increased ecological information on a number of macroinvertebrate taxa were identified as areas where water quality assessment in Bhutanese streams could be improved.
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Malcolmson, Carole A. "The physicochemical properties of nonionic oil-in-water microemulsions." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1992. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-physicochemical-properties-of-nonionic-oilinwater-microemulsions(4315649d-d2d1-497d-9a76-05bc06f7f9a1).html.

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Books on the topic "Physicochemical Parameters of Water"

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Helfrich, John A., and Jessica J. St Aubin. Effect of physicochemical parameters on pesticide degradation. Illinois Department of Energy and Natural Resources, Energy and Environmental Affairs Division, 1986.

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P, Gambrell R., ed. Soil physicochemical parameters affecting metal availability in sludge-amended soils. s.n, 1986.

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J, Erickson R., and United States. Environmental Protection Agency, eds. Synopsis of discussion session on physicochemical factors affecting toxicity. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1994.

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Aseev, G. G. Electrolytes, methods for calculation of the physicochemical parameters of multicomponent systems. Begell House, 2001.

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Arizona. Department of Environmental Quality. Lakeside Lake TMDL: Nutrients & associated parameters. Arizona Dept. of Environmental Quality, 2005.

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Flanagan, P. J. Parameters of water quality: Interpretation and standards. Foras Forbartha, 1986.

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Flanagan, P. J. Parameters of water quality: Interpretation and standards. 2nd ed. Environmental Research Unit, 1990.

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Agency, Ireland Environmental Protection. Parameters of water quality: Interpretation and standards. Environmental Protection Agency, 2001.

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LeChevallier, Mark W. Profiling water quality parameters: From source water to the household tap. Awwa Research Foundation, 2004.

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Kalin, Margarete A. Water quality concerns and treatment parameters for Armanda Lake. Boojum Research, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Physicochemical Parameters of Water"

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Muduli, Pradipta R., and Ajit K. Pattnaik. "Spatio-Temporal Variation in Physicochemical Parameters of Water in the Chilika Lagoon." In Ecology, Conservation, and Restoration of Chilika Lagoon, India. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33424-6_9.

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Nigatu, Menber Berihun, Mengistu Berihun Nigatu, Minaleshewa Atlabachew, Mequanint Demeke Aynalem, and Kindie Bitew Worku. "Assessment of Selected Physicochemical Parameters of Selamco Dam Water, South Gondar, Ethiopia." In Green Energy and Technology. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-77339-6_22.

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Rodrigues, Paloma de Almeida, Rafaela Gomes Ferrari, and Carlos Adam Conte Junior. "Physicochemical Water Parameters Affecting Cadmium, Lead and Mercury Speciation, Bioavailability and Toxicity in the Aquatic Environment." In Lead, Mercury and Cadmium in the Aquatic Environment. CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003186441_7.

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Swathi, K., B. Nikitha, M. Malleswari, M. Munisankar, S. D. Meena, and A. Roja. "Water Quality Analysis Using Physicochemical Parameters and Estimation of Pesticides in Water from Various Sources of Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31986-0_50.

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Praveena, B., M. Pramod Kumar, T. Lakshmi Prasad, and N. Jayaraju. "Evaluation of Physicochemical Parameters of Coastal Water from Pennar River Estuary, East Coast of India: An Integrated Approach." In Coasts, Estuaries and Lakes. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21644-2_5.

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Chabuk, Ali, Hussein A. M. Al-Zubaidi, Aysar Jameel Abdalkadhum, et al. "Application ArcGIS on Modified-WQI Method to Evaluate Water Quality of the Euphrates River, Iraq, Using Physicochemical Parameters." In Proceedings of Sixth International Congress on Information and Communication Technology. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2380-6_58.

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Jerry, Taricska R., Wang K. Lawrence, Hung Yung-Tse, and Kathleen Hung Li. "Potable Water Aeration." In Advanced Physicochemical Treatment Processes. Humana Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-029-4_1.

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Kajitvichyanukul, Puangrat, Yung-Tse Hung, and Lawrence K. Wang. "Oil Water Separation." In Advanced Physicochemical Treatment Processes. Humana Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-029-4_16.

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Fresenius, Wilhelm, Karl Ernst Quentin, and Wilhelm Schneider. "Inorganic Parameters." In Water Analysis. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72610-1_3.

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Fresenius, Wilhelm, Karl Ernst Quentin, and Wilhelm Schneider. "Organic Parameters." In Water Analysis. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72610-1_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Physicochemical Parameters of Water"

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Kumar, Padarti Vijaya, Koduri Naga Rajani, Vanka Saritha, Kudumu Vara Prasad, T. V. Hyma Lakshmi, and V. N. Koteswara Rao Devana. "Aquaculture Water Quality Monitoring Measuring Physicochemical Parameters Using Wireless Sensor Networks and IoT." In 2025 1st International Conference on AIML-Applications for Engineering & Technology (ICAET). IEEE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/icaet63349.2025.10932148.

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Bryan, Jeniffer, Kleveer Espino, Isaias Flores, Nathalia Tejedor-Flores, and Alexander Esquivel-López. "Water quality analysis through the comparison of physicochemical parameters and the use of macroinvertebrates in the microbasin of La Zanguenga creek." In 2024 9th International Engineering, Sciences and Technology Conference (IESTEC). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/iestec62784.2024.10820249.

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Rãdulescu, M., I. Pîrvan, A. Dinu, M. Fulger, and C. Anghel. "Chemistry of the Secondary Circuit Reflected in the Physicochemical Characteristics of the Filmed Carbon Steel Components." In CORROSION 2002. NACE International, 2002. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2002-02527.

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Abstract The aim of this paper is to establish some correlations between the characteristics of the superficial films formed on the carbon steel components in some operation conditions of a secondary circuit from Nuclear Power Station (NPS) and the specific parameters of the aqueous environment in which these films were formed. The main parameters studied in this paper, specific to a secondary circuit environment, are: the value of pH and the substances used to regulate it and implicitly the oxygen concentration dissolved in the aqueous environment. The physicochemical characteristics of the filmed samples by exposure to hot water were determined by X-ray diffraction, metallographic microscopy and electrochemical methods such as: potentiodynamic and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Correlations between the characteristics of the superficial films and the chemistry of the aqueous environment from the secondary circuit were established. To create films on the carbon steel samples similar to those formed on the components during the operation of the NPS secondary circuit, some samples of those three types of carbon steel - SA106, SA508 and SA516 - were filmed by exposure at 260°C(5.1MPa) in aqueous environments having several physical and chemical characteristics. Using descaling and gravimetric methods, there were established the corrosion kinetics of the carbon steel samples, which were correlated with the characteristics of the films formed on the carbon steel components.
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Salgado, I. Carrillo. "Corrosion by Elemental Sulphur Deposition in Natural Gas Transmission Systems." In CONFERENCE 2024. AMPP, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2024-20918.

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Abstract The presence of orthorhombic elemental sulfur in a natural gas transmission system was detected. Different dust samples were taken from strainers and skids of a fuel gas turbomachinery. The presence of sulfur could cause corrosion problems and damage to the internal combustion system of a turbine. Characterization analyses were conducted to identify the principles and mechanisms associated with the formation and deposition of elemental sulfur in natural gas transmission and related equipment. Scanning electron microscopy / energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence, and X-ray diffraction were performed. Physicochemical parameters characterization by colorimetric methods on the samples was also done. The results suggest three potential deposition mechanisms: chemical reaction, condensate formation, and desublimation of sulfur. Each mechanism could interact with one or both of the others. This research has demonstrated that only sub-ppm levels of sulfur vapor within a gas stream are required to initiate the elemental sulfur formation/deposition process. However, the sulfur deposition could cause severe corrosion in the presence of free water. Recommendations were made to reduce the effect of the elemental sulfur deposition in the turbomachinery and associated gas natural transmission pipelines.
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Bekova, Radoslava, and Bogdan Prodanov. "SPATIO-TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF EUTROPHICATION AND HABITAT LOSS IN COAS3TAL LAKES: A CASE STUDY FROM THE KAMCHIYA-SHKORPILOVTSI SECTOR, BULGARIAN BLACK SEA COAST." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2024. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/5.1/s20.32.

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The study presents the first comprehensive spatio-temporal analysis of eutrophication and the consequent loss of sensitive aquatic habitats in the transitional water bodies along the Kamchiya-Shkorpilovtsi sector of the Bulgarian Black Sea coast. The research focuses on the Maznia Azmak Lake, an old Kamchiya riverbed integral to the Kamchia Nature Reserve and two Natura 2000 protected areas. The primary objective was to assess the scale and rate of eutrophication and its impact on aquatic habitats, employing modern methodologies such as drone surveys, high-precision GPS geodetic measurements, and bathymetric investigations. Data was gathered from 2019 to 2023, including key physicochemical parameters (pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, temperature, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total nitrogen, and phosphorus). Results indicate that Maznia Azmak Lake exhibited stable pH levels (7.8-8.3) and increasing conductivity (up to 964 ?S/cm), with dissolved oxygen levels varying significantly (4.8-9.3 mg/l). The lake's COD and BOD values suggested moderate organic pollution, with nutrient levels remaining low. Seasonal salinity variations were observed, correlating with low summer water levels and sea wave activity. The macrophyte analysis revealed a heterogeneous mix of species with minimal helophyte dominance. Popovo Blato Lake demonstrated low dissolved oxygen levels and high conductivity (peaking at 992 ?S/cm), with COD reaching 40.6 ml O2/l in September 2023, indicating severe organic pollution. Conversely, Petrovo Blato Lake had variable dissolved oxygen and high conductivity, with low nutrient levels, though occasional COD and BOD peaks suggested episodic pollution events. The mouth of the Fandakliyska River, showing stable pH and conductivity, had relatively higher dissolved oxygen levels, pointing to better overall water quality compared to the lakes. This area's episodic pollution events were reflected in variable COD and BOD values. The results underscore the critical need for ongoing monitoring and targeted interventions to mitigate pollution and preserve these vulnerable aquatic habitats. This pioneering study contributes valuable baseline data and insights into the eutrophication processes affecting the Bulgarian Black Sea coast, emphasizing the importance of preserving these ecosystems for their biodiversity and ecological services.
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Meguetta, Zine Eddine, Mohamed Ilyas Rahal, Ameur Chaabna, Abdesselam Babouri, and Halim Chouabia. "Intelligent Physicochemical Analysis Laboratory for Coagulant Dosing in a Potable Water Treatment." In 2024 12th International Conference on Systems and Control (ICSC). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/icsc63929.2024.10928798.

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Bayo, J., J. M. Angosto, J. Serrano-Aniorte, J. A. Cascales-Pujalte, C. Fernández-López1, and J. López-Castellanos. "Evaluation of physicochemical parameters influencing bulking episodes in a municipal wastewater treatment plant." In WATER POLLUTION 2006. WIT Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wp060521.

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ORTEGA-SAMANIEGO, QUIRIATJARYN M., INMACULADA ROMERO, MARÍA PACHES, ARTURO DOMINICI, and ANDRES FRAÍZ. "ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND BACTERIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN THE SURFACE WATER OF THE JUAN DIAZ RIVER, PANAMA." In WATER AND SOCIETY 2021. WIT Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ws210101.

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Pamanji, Divakar, P. Satya Sagar, and Deepshikha Datta. "Water quality survey on potable water through analysis of physicochemical parameters from various sources in Rajam." In 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED MATERIALS BEHAVIOUR AND CHARACTERIZATION: ICAMBC_2021. AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0072653.

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Łaskawiec, Edyta. "Characteristics of wastewater taken from a pool water system: analysis of physicochemical and phytotoxicological parameters in terms of recyclability." In 5th International Electronic Conference on Water Sciences. MDPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecws-5-08205.

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Reports on the topic "Physicochemical Parameters of Water"

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Jettestuen, Espen, Olav Aursjø, Jan Ludvig Vinningland, Aksel Hiorth, and Arild Lohne. Smart Water flooding: Part 2: Important input parameters for modeling and upscaling workflow. University of Stavanger, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/usps.200.

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This document presents some guidelines on how to conduct numerical investigations of the physicochemical effects of Smart Water flooding on different length scales. The National IOR Centre of Norway (NIORC) has developed several simulation tools. The objective of this report is to describe how three NIORC-developed simulation tools BADChIMP, IORCoreSim, and IORSim, can be used to investigate Smart Water effects on different length scales. We present which input parameters are needed by the simulation tools, and we discuss which processes these tools are suited to study. When working with different length scales, one of the challenges is how to upscale results obtained from smaller scales, i.e., pore and core scale experiments or simulations, to the field scale. Here, three relevant questions are: 1) how far do the Smart Water effects propagate into a reservoir? 2) What is the effect of reservoir temperature on Smart Water behavior? 3) How is the oil release, observed on core scale, related to the oil production from a field? This document targets research scientists planning to perform either pore scale simulations, core scale simulations, or field scale simulations for Smart Water studies. The technical level of the document is targeting an industry engineer.
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Zhou, J. X. Shallow-Water Reverberation and Seabottom Acoustic Parameters. Defense Technical Information Center, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada625480.

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Zhou, J. X. Shallow-Water Reverberation and Seabottom Acoustic Parameters. Defense Technical Information Center, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada627162.

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Tuller, Markus, Asher Bar-Tal, Hadar Heller, and Michal Amichai. Optimization of advanced greenhouse substrates based on physicochemical characterization, numerical simulations, and tomato growth experiments. United States Department of Agriculture, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7600009.bard.

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Over the last decade there has been a dramatic shift in global agricultural practice. The increase in human population, especially in underdeveloped arid and semiarid regions of the world, poses unprecedented challenges to production of an adequate and economically feasible food supply to undernourished populations. Furthermore, the increased living standard in many industrial countries has created a strong demand for high-quality, out-of-season vegetables and fruits as well as for ornamentals such as cut and potted flowers and bedding plants. As a response to these imminent challenges and demands and because of a ban on methyl bromide fumigation of horticultural field soils, soilless greenhouse production systems are regaining increased worldwide attention. Though there is considerable recent empirical and theoretical research devoted to specific issues related to control and management of soilless culture production systems, a comprehensive approach that quantitatively considers all relevant physicochemical processes within the growth substrates is lacking. Moreover, it is common practice to treat soilless growth systems as static, ignoring dynamic changes of important physicochemical and hydraulic properties due to root and microbial growth that require adaptation of management practices throughout the growth period. To overcome these shortcomings, the objectives of this project were to apply thorough physicochemical characterization of commonly used greenhouse substrates in conjunction with state-of-the-art numerical modeling (HYDRUS-3D, PARSWMS) to not only optimize management practices (i.e., irrigation frequency and rates, fertigation, container size and geometry, etc.), but to also “engineer” optimal substrates by mixing organic (e.g., coconut coir) and inorganic (e.g., perlite, pumice, etc.) base substrates and modifying relevant parameters such as the particle (aggregate) size distribution. To evaluate the proposed approach under commercial production conditions, characterization and modeling efforts were accompanied by greenhouse experiments with tomatoes. The project not only yielded novel insights regarding favorable physicochemical properties of advanced greenhouse substrates, but also provided critically needed tools for control and management of containerized soilless production systems to provide a stress-free rhizosphere environment for optimal yields, while conserving valuable production resources. Numerical modeling results provided a more scientifically sound basis for the design of commercial greenhouse production trials and selection of adequate plant-specific substrates, thereby alleviating the risk of costly mistrials.
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Faucher, B., A. M. LeBlanc, N. Utting, and M. Blade. Assessment of physicochemical properties in lentic surface water bodies of the Rankin Inlet area (Nunavut) for sublacustrine open talik detection. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330212.

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Shomer, Ilan, Ruth E. Stark, Victor Gaba, and James D. Batteas. Understanding the hardening syndrome of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tuber tissue to eliminate textural defects in fresh and fresh-peeled/cut products. United States Department of Agriculture, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7587238.bard.

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The project sought to understand factors and mechanisms involved in the hardening of potato tubers. This syndrome inhibits heat softening due to intercellular adhesion (ICA) strengthening, compromising the marketing of industrially processed potatoes, particularly fresh peeled-cut or frozen tubers. However, ICA strengthening occurs under conditions which are inconsistent with the current ideas that relate it to Ca-pectate following pectin methyl esterase (PME) activity or to formation of rhamnogalacturonan (RG)-II-borate. First, it was necessary to induce strengthening of the middle lamellar complex (MLX) and the ICA as a stress response in some plant parenchyma. As normally this syndrome does not occur uniformly enough to study it, we devised an efficient model in which ICA-strengthening is induced consistently under simulated stress by short-chain, linear, mono-carboxylic acid molecules (OAM), at 65 oC [appendix 1 (Shomer&amp;Kaaber, 2006)]. This rapid strengthening was insufficient for allowing the involved agents assembly to be identifiable; but it enabled us to develop an efficient in vitro system on potato tuber parenchyma slices at 25 ºC for 7 days, whereas unified stress was reliably simulated by OAMs in all the tissue cells. Such consistent ICA-strengthening in vitro was found to be induced according to the unique physicochemical features of each OAM as related to its lipophilicity (Ko/w), pKa, protonated proportion, and carbon chain length by the following parameters: OAM dissociation constant (Kdiss), adsorption affinity constant (KA), number of adsorbed OAMs required for ICA response (cooperativity factor) and the water-induced ICA (ICAwater). Notably, ICA-strengthening is accompanied by cell sap leakage, reflecting cell membrane rupture. In vitro, stress simulation by OAMs at pH&lt;pKa facilitated the consistent assembly of ICAstrengthening agents, which we were able to characterize for the first time at the molecular level within purified insoluble cell wall of ICA-strengthened tissue. (a) With solid-state NMR, we established the chemical structure and covalent binding to cell walls of suberin-like agents associated exclusively with ICA strengthening [appendix 3 (Yu et al., 2006)]; (b) Using proteomics, 8 isoforms of cell wall-bound patatin (a soluble vacuolar 42-kDa protein) were identified exclusively in ICA-strengthened tissue; (c) With light/electron microscopy, ultrastructural characterization, histochemistry and immunolabeling, we co-localized patatin and pectin in the primary cell wall and prominently in the MLX; (d) determination of cell wall composition (pectin, neutral sugars, Ca-pectate) yielded similar results in both controls and ICA-strengthened tissue, implicating factors other than PME activity, Ca2+ or borate ions; (e) X-ray powder diffraction experiments revealed that the cellulose crystallinity in the cell wall is masked by pectin and neutral sugars (mainly galactan), whereas heat or enzymatic pectin degradation exposed the crystalline cellulose structure. Thus, we found that exclusively in ICA-strengthened tissue, heat-resistant pectin is evident in the presence of patatin and suberinlike agents, where the cellulose crystallinity was more hidden than in fresh control tissue. Conclusions: Stress response ICA-strengthening is simulated consistently by OAMs at pH&lt; pKa, although PME and formation of Ca-pectate and RG-II-borate are inhibited. By contrast, at pH&gt;pKa and particularly at pH 7, ICA-strengthening is mostly inhibited, although PME activity and formation of Ca-pectate or RG-II-borate are known to be facilitated. We found that upon stress, vacuolar patatin is released with cell sap leakage, allowing the patatin to associate with the pectin in both the primary cell wall and the MLX. The stress response also includes formation of covalently bound suberin-like polyesters within the insoluble cell wall. The experiments validated the hypotheses, thus led to a novel picture of the structural and molecular alterations responsible for the textural behavior of potato tuber. These findings represent a breakthrough towards understanding of the hardening syndrome, laying the groundwork for potato-handling strategies that assure textural quality of industrially processed particularly in fresh peeled cut tubers, ready-to-prepare and frozen preserved products.
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Chapman, N. R. Inversion for Geoacoustic Model Parameters in Range-Dependent Shallow Water Environments. Defense Technical Information Center, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada612392.

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Chapman, N. R. Inversion for Geoacoustic Model Parameters in Range-Dependent Shallow Water Environments. Defense Technical Information Center, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada543371.

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Chapman, N. R. Inversion for Geoacoustic Model Parameters in Range-Dependent Shallow Water Environments. Defense Technical Information Center, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada629911.

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Hadzi-Niković, Gordana D., and Ksenija Đoković. Water Retention Parameters and Sediment Dispersivity of the Zemun Loess Plateau (Belgrade, Serbia). "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2019.07.11.

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