Relevant bibliographies by topics / Physicochemical testing

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Physicochemical testing'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Physicochemical testing"

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High, Suzanne R., James A. Rowe, and John A. Maksem. "Macroscopic Physicochemical Testing for Screening Urinalysis." Laboratory Medicine 19, no. 3 (1988): 174–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/labmed/19.3.174.

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Bao, Quanying, Rajan Jog, Jie Shen, et al. "Physicochemical attributes and dissolution testing of ophthalmic ointments." International Journal of Pharmaceutics 523, no. 1 (2017): 310–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.03.039.

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Matuszak, Jasmin, Jens Baumgartner, Jan Zaloga, et al. "Nanoparticles for intravascular applications: physicochemical characterization and cytotoxicity testing." Nanomedicine 11, no. 6 (2016): 597–616. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/nnm.15.216.

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Mauger, John W. "Physicochemical and fluid Mechanical factors Related to Dissolution Testing." Dissolution Technologies 3, no. 1 (1996): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.14227/dt030196p7.

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Bölcskei, É., G. Regdon, K. Süvegh, T. Marek, and K. Pintye-Hódi. "Physicochemical testing of free films containing non-soluble components." Polymers for Advanced Technologies 23, no. 6 (2011): 1020–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pat.2009.

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Lambert, Scott, Christian Scherer, and Martin Wagner. "Ecotoxicity testing of microplastics: Considering the heterogeneity of physicochemical properties." Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management 13, no. 3 (2017): 470–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ieam.1901.

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Sari, Desy Diana, Lidya Ameliana, and Dwi Nurahmanto. "Optimasi Asam Glikolat dan Asam Sitrat dalam Krim Tabir Surya Kombinasi Titanium Dioksida, Avobenzone dan Octyl Methoxycinnamate." Pustaka Kesehatan 8, no. 3 (2020): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/pk.v8i3.12266.

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Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the main cause of sunburn and skin cancer. The adverse effects of UV radiation are solved by sunscreen as protection for longer outdoors. In this study, optimization of glycolic acid and citric acid in sunscreen cream combination of titanium dioxide, avobenzone, and octyl methoxycinnamate were investigated using simplex lattice design method. The sunscreen cream evaluation includes physicochemical testing (organoleptic, homogeneity, emulsion type, spreadability, viscosity, and pH) and sunscreen effectiveness (SPF, % erythema transmission, and % pigmentation transmission). The value of physicochemical testing are 5,96 cm - 6,3 cm of spreadability testing; 83,33 dPa.s – 108,33 dPa.s of viscosity testing; 4,06 – 4,67 of pH testing. The value of sunscreen effectiveness are 9,79 – 13,35 of SPF testing; 4,55x10-06 - 0,15x10-06% of % erythema transmission; 5,77 – 7,16 % of % pigmentation transmission. The optimum formula was obtained by combining glycolic acid 2% and citric acid 0% with a desirability value of 0,649.
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Shu, Qiang, Shunjie Zhang, and Ye Chen. "Physicochemical Property Indexes of Sediment Lixiviums in Sea–Land Interaction Zone of Subei Basin and Their Significance to Transgression." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 7 (2021): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9070719.

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In current studies, the physicochemical properties of water, such as total dissolved solids, salinity, and electrical conductivity, are used mainly to investigate changes in the properties of surface water and groundwater. In our experimental study, we aimed to introduce the physicochemical properties of water bodies into the field of paleoenvironmental changes. We employed the physicochemical property indexes of sediment lixiviums in two research sections of the sea–land interaction zone in the eastern margin of the Subei Basin (China). Preliminary tests determined that the optimal solvent for preparing the sediment lixiviums is ultrapure water; the use of this water can prevent errors caused by soluble solids in the solvent. Using a container with a lid to prepare the sediment lixiviums could reduce errors caused by evaporation. Furthermore, we determined the appropriate process and duration for testing the physicochemical properties of sediment lixiviums. The optimal time for testing the physicochemical properties was 120 h (mixture fully stirred daily) or 168 h (no stirring). The weight of the sediment, volume of the solvent, and test time should be consistent in the same research section. Comparing the physicochemical property indexes of sediment lixiviums with geochemical elements and diatom indicators, we found that these indexes show obvious indications of transgression, and have an obvious advantage in indicating transgression.
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Sousa, M. L. R., A. L. Hoch, E. Gasparino, et al. "Compositional analysis and physicochemical and mechanical testing of tanned rabbit skins." World Rabbit Science 24, no. 3 (2016): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2016.4037.

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<p>Chemical composition and physicochemical and mechanical parameters of New Zealand White rabbit tanned skin were evaluated. Skin samples from 70-d-old males, in natura and semi-finished, were collected for evaluation. The in natura treatment comprise skins without any processing, while semi-finished treatment comprise skins after soaking, fleshing, liming, de-liming, purging, degreasing, pickling, tanning, neutralising, re-tanning and dyeing, followed by oiling, drying, stretching and softening. After tanning, samples from the dorsal and flank regions were removed for tensile and physicochemical testing in the longitudinal and transverse directions. A split plot design was used with plot treatments (leather regions: R1=dorsal and R2=flank) and subplots directions (S1=longitudinal and S2=transversal), using 10 examples per treatment. At the end of processing, the leather analysis revealed low moisture (31.76%), protein (46.48%) and fat content (24.95%), and a high ash content (8.58%). Leather presented a pH of 4.9 and contained 2.0% chromium oxide, 25.5% extractable substances in dichloromethane, and these characteristics were coupled with a higher tensile strength (10.84 N/mm2) in the dorsal region. However, samples in the same region proved to have higher elasticity (64.57%) in the longitudinal direction, although there was no difference in the progressive tearing analysis (21.07-23.50 N/mm). Overall, our analyses suggest that, in this case, the tanned leather product does not have sufficient resistance for application in clothing production.</p>
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Nicolas, Chantel I., Kamel Mansouri, Katherine A. Phillips, et al. "Rapid experimental measurements of physicochemical properties to inform models and testing." Science of The Total Environment 636 (September 2018): 901–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.266.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Physicochemical testing"

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Ochoa, Rodríguez Victor Manuel. "Physicochemical and biological properties of Biodentine associated with radiopacifiers /." Araraquara, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/153853.

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Orientador: Gisele Faria<br>Resumo: BiodentineTM (BD) apresenta bioatividade, biocompatibilidade e propriedades físico-químicas adequadas; no entanto, não possui radiopacidade adequada. Os objetivos foram avaliar (1) a radiopacidade de BD e BD associado com 15% de tungstato de cálcio (BDCaWO4) ou óxido de zircônio (BDZrO2), empregando sistemas de radiografia convencional e digital; e (2) as propriedades físico-químicas de tempo de presa, pH e solubilidade, e as propriedades biológicas de citocompatibilidade e potencial para induzir mineralização desses cimentos. Para a avaliação da radiopacidade, cada corpo de prova foi radiografado ao lado de uma escada de alumínio usando filme oclusal, placa de fósforo ou sensores digitais. As radiografias convencionais foram digitalizadas por câmera fotográfica ou scanner. Os valores médios de cinza dos materiais foram expressos em milímetros de alumínio (mm Al). A solubilidade foi avaliada após 7 dias de imersão dos espécimes em água destilada e expressa em percentagem de perda de massa. O tempo de presa foi avaliado empregando a agulha de Gillmore (105 ± 0,5 g) e o pH foi mensurado com um medidor de pH. A citocompatibilidade e a bioatividade celular foram avaliadas em células de linhagem osteoblástica (Saos-2) utilizando os ensaios de metiltetrazólio (MTT), vermelho neutro (NR), atividade de fosfatase alcalina (ALP) e coloração de vermelho de alizarina. Os dados foram avaliados utilizando ANOVA de um fator e pós-teste Tukey ou ANOVA de dois fatores e pós-teste de Bonferron... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)<br>Abstract: BiodentineTM (BD) presents bioactivity, biocompatibility and suitable physicochemical properties; however, it does not have adequate radiopacity. The objectives were to evaluate (1) the radiopacity of BD and BD associated with 15% calcium tungstate (BDCaWO4) or zirconium oxide (BDZrO2), employing conventional and digital radiography systems; and (2) the physicochemical properties of setting time, pH and solubility, and biological properties of cytocompatibility and potential to induce mineralization of these cements. For radiopacity evaluation, each cement specimen was radiographed alongside an aluminum step-wedge using occlusal film, photostimulable phosphor plates or digital sensors. The conventional radiographies were digitized by digital photographic camera or scanner. Mean grey values of materials were expressed in millimeters of aluminum (mm Al). Solubility was evaluated after 7 days of specimens’ immersion in distilled water and expressed as percentage of mass loss. Setting time was evaluated employing a Gillmore needle (105 ± 0.5 g) and pH was evaluated with pH meter. The cytocompatibility and cell bioactivity were evaluated in osteoblasts-like cells (Saos-2) using methyl-thiazol-tetrazolium (MTT), neutral red (NR), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and alizarin red staining assays. The data were evaluated using one-way ANOVA and Tukey post-test or two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post-test (α=0.05). BD radiopacity was below 3 mm Al and BDZrO2 and BDCaWO4 was above 3 mm... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)<br>Mestre
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Vertuan, Gislene Cristina. "Evaluation of physicochemical properties of a new epoxy resinbased root canal sealer." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25147/tde-23012019-164028/.

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Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate some of the physico-chemical properties of a new root canal sealer. Methodology: The sealers tested were Sealer Plus (MKLife, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil), compared as AH Plus (Dentsply, DeTrey GmbH, Konstanz, Alemanha). For the radiopacity, flow, solubility and fabrication of test specimens relative to setting times the ANSI/ADA No. 57 (2000) and ISO 6876 (2012) specifications were followed. To measure the initial and final setting times the ASTM C266/2008 standard was used. pH was evaluated in the time intervals of 3, 24, 72 and 168 hours). Statistical tests were applied to the results obtained at a level of significance of 5%. Results: The results demonstrated that the Sealer Plus sealer showed a lower radiopacity value than AH Plus sealer (p<0.05), however, this was higher than the minimum value recommended by the specifications; that is 3 mm Al. Relative to flow, the value for Sealer Plus was 19.19 mm and for AH Plus, 19.81 mm (p>0.05). Sealer plus presented initial and final setting times of 138 min. and 210 min., respectively, while the values for AH Plus were 437 min. and 849 min., respectively, (p<0.05). Relative to solubility, Sealer Plus presented 0.21% and AH Plus, 0.27% (p>0.05). None of the sealers showed a significant increase in pH (p>0.05). Conclusion: Sealer Plus sealer presented physico-chemical properties in accordance with ANSI/ADA (2000) No.57 and ISO 6876 (2012) specifications.<br>Introdução: Este estudo objetivou avaliar algumas propriedades físico-químicas de um novo cimento obturador de canais radiculares. Metodologia: Para os testes de radiopacidade, escoamento, solubilidade e confecção dos corpos de prova para os tempos de presa foram seguidas as especificações nº57 da ANSI/ADA (2000) e ISO 6876 (2012). Para a medição dos tempos de presa, inicial e final, foi empregada a norma ASTM C266/2008. O pH foi avaliado nos períodos de 3, 24, 72 e 168 horas. Sobre os resultados foram aplicados testes estatísticos com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Os resultados demonstraram que o cimento Sealer Plus apresentou menor radiopacidade do que o cimento AH Plus (p<0.05), porém, superior ao mínimo recomendado pelas especificações, ou seja, de 3 mm de Al. Com relação ao escoamento, o do Sealer Plus foi 19,19 mm e do AH Plus 19,81 mm (p>0.05). O Sealer Plus apresentou tempos de presa inicial e final de 138 min. e 210 min., respectivamente, enquanto o AH Plus, 437 min. e 849 min., respectivamente, (p<0.05). Em relação à solubilidade, o Sealer Plus apresentou 0,21% e o AH Plus 0,27% (p>0.05). Nenhum dos cimentos apresentou aumento significativo do pH (p>0.05). Conclusão: O cimento Sealer Plus apresentou propriedades físico-químicas de acordo com as especificações nº 57 da ANSI/ADA (2000) e ISO 6876 (2012).
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Moura, Nicolas Kemerich de. "Otimização computacional da avaliação de resultados de ensaios físico-químicos em transformadores de potência." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/9044.

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Submitted by Franciele Moreira (francielemoreyra@gmail.com) on 2018-11-07T12:39:53Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Nicolas Kemerich de Moura - 2018.pdf: 6431239 bytes, checksum: d07613ddd5a20d424fc3e761ae809118 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-11-08T10:12:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Nicolas Kemerich de Moura - 2018.pdf: 6431239 bytes, checksum: d07613ddd5a20d424fc3e761ae809118 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-08T10:12:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Nicolas Kemerich de Moura - 2018.pdf: 6431239 bytes, checksum: d07613ddd5a20d424fc3e761ae809118 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-16<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES<br>This dissertation aimed to apply several computational methods of optimization and compare their performance in the evaluation of results of physicochemical tests in power transformers. The systematic generalization of the general method of evaluation and classification – normalized doubly weighted sum –, was presented, it was improved by reducing parameters and it was applied to the physicochemical tests, which allowed the evaluation of the insulating oil of power transformers through a Global Note. The results highlighted the high adaptability of the evolutionary algorithm to this specific problem. Furthermore, the high accuracy rates obtained through optimizations explained the potential of applying the weighted sum method as a tool to aid the diagnosis of power transformers, contributing to more efficient maintenance in those devices and better monitoring of the evaluation of their operating conditions, improving the reliability of the electrical system.<br>Esta dissertação teve por objetivo aplicar diferentes métodos computacionais de otimização e comparar seus desempenhos na avaliação dos resultados de ensaios físico-químicos em transformadores de potência. Apresentou-se a sistematização generalizada do método geral de avaliação e classificação denominado soma duplamente ponderada normalizada, que foi aprimorado por meio da redução de parâmetros, aplicado aos ensaios físico-químicos, e posteriormente otimizado, propiciando a avaliação do óleo isolante de transformadores de potência por meio de uma Nota Global. Os resultados demonstraram a capacidade do algoritmo evolutivo se adaptar muito bem ao problema específico. Ainda, as elevadas taxas de acertos obtidas por meio de otimizações explicitaram o potencial de aplicação do método da soma ponderada como ferramenta para auxílio ao diagnóstico de transformadores de potência, contribuindo para manutenções mais eficientes nesses equipamentos e um melhor acompanhamento na avaliação das suas condições operativas, impactando no aumento da confiabilidade do sistema elétrico.
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Books on the topic "Physicochemical testing"

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Directorate, Canada Technology Development, and Canada Environment Canada, eds. Guidance document on collection and preparation of sediments for physicochemical characterization and biological testing. Environment Canada, 1994.

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Addo, Kwaku. Compositional factors governing physical, physicochemical, and rheological properties of wheat flour doughs. 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Physicochemical testing"

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"Physicochemical Basis of Bioequivalence Testing." In Handbook of Bioequivalence Testing. CRC Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b17582-9.

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"Physicochemical Basis of Bioequivalence Testing." In Handbook of Bioequivalence Testing, Second Edition. CRC Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b17582-3.

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Ceri, Howard, Merle Olson, Douglas Morck, et al. "[25] The MBEC assay system: Multiple equivalent biofilms for antibiotic and biocide susceptibility testing." In Microbial Growth in Biofilms - Part B: Special Environments and Physicochemical Aspects. Elsevier, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0076-6879(01)37026-x.

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Eltze, Lara, Maren Eltze, and Antonio Garcia. "Variability of Saliva Viscosity - Potential Impact." In In Vitro Diagnostics [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93933.

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As novel COVID-19 testing develops, saliva has become of increasing interest as an alternate biological sample for rapid testing. The appeal in saliva-based testing lies within the ease of which samples are collected, as well as patient comfort throughout the collection process. With this, it has become increasingly important to delineate the characteristics of saliva viscosity due to its effects on the movement and interactions of the substances and molecules found within it. The characteristics that affect saliva viscosity include the presence of aggregates, variations in temperature, and time elapsed between sample collection and testing. Understanding how physicochemical properties and temperature affect saliva’s viscosity are important in generating guidelines for proper sample handling in saliva testing to ensure consistent and reliable results. In this study, passive sampling of saliva was analyzed. This type of collection ensures a more uniform saliva composition, suggesting that variations in viscosity can be attributed solely to modifications in saliva handling post-collection. The data suggested that saliva viscosity is greatest immediately following collection of the saliva sample, increases with higher quantities of aggregates in saliva, and decreases tremendously when the sample has been frozen and thawed to room temperature. These findings suggest that to ensure accuracy and uniformity in quantitative saliva-based test results, protocols should favor the testing of a sample immediately following its collection. The implications of these results in optimizing saliva testing are far reaching. The value of saliva based testing extends far beyond COVID-19 or other disease testing. It is also gaining utility in understanding daily fluctuations in hydration state and in other wellness applications.
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Sabra, Rayan, and Nashiru Billa. "Gastrointestinal Delivery of APIs from Chitosan Nanoparticles." In Chitin and Chitosan - Physicochemical Properties and Industrial Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95363.

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Successful clinical treatment outcomes rely on achieving optimal systemic delivery of therapeutics. The oral route of administering Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API) remains formidable because of ease to the patient and convenience. Yet, the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) poses several barriers that need to be surmounted prior to systemic availability, especially for Class IV type drugs. Drug delivery systems in the form of nanoparticles (NP), can be appropriately formulated to alter the physicochemical properties of APIs, thereby addressing constraints related to absorption from the GIT. Polymers offer amenability in the fabrication of NP due to their diversity. Chitosan has emerged as a strong contender in orally deliverable NP because it is biocompatible, biodegradable and muco-adhesive. Due to the positively charged amine moieties within chitosan (NH3+), interactions with the negatively charged sialic acid of mucin within the mucosa is possible, which favors delayed GI transit and epithelial uptake. This ultimately results in improved systemic bioavailability. Thus, we expect research in the use of chitosan in oral NP delivery to intensify as we transcend the frontier toward clinical testing of viable formulations.
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Ezekeil Bwadi, Benjamin, Mohammed Bakoji Yusuf, Ibrahim Abdullahi, Clement Yakubu Giwa, and Grace Audu. "Analysis of Ground Water from Selected Sources in Jalingo Metropolis, Nigeria." In Water Quality - Factors and Impacts [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99082.

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Water is very significant in the development of a stable community, but many societies are confronted with the challenges of poor wastes management system with indiscriminate waste disposal and bad land practices, which easily pollute water sources and consequently degrade water quality. This study was to analyze the physicochemical properties of ground water from multiple point sources in Jalingo, Taraba state of Nigeria. Water samples were collected from twenty seven (27) sites from the study area during the raining and dry seasons. The analysis was carried out to determining the physico-chemical properties of the ground water and comparing with the World Health Organization (WHO) standard for drinking water. The physicochemical properties of ground water analyzed include; odor, taste, temperature and electrical conductivity were tested in the field using water meter tester. Whereas pH, total dissolved solids, alkalinity, hardness, salinity, iron, manganese, fluoride, nitrate, nitrite, chloride, sulphate and dissolved oxygen were analyzed in the laboratory using Wagtech potable water testing equipment. The physical properties of water analyzed were temperature, odor, taste, and turbidity. Whereas the chemical properties of water analyzed were pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), alkalinity, hardness, salinity, iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), fluoride (F−), nitrate (NO3−), nitrite (NO2−), Chloride (Cl−), sulphate (SO42−), dissolved oxygen (DO).The result shows the range of the mean values of the temperature(26.7–33.1) oC, p H(6.5–8.9), Fe (0.01–0.08 mg/L), NO3−(0.01–38.5 mg/l), NO2−(0.01–0.09 mg/l), Mn (0.01–0.17 mg/l), F(0.01–0.82 mg/l), alkalinity(39-204 mg/l), salinity (42-508 mg/l), SO4(14-93 mg/l), total dissolved solids (6–637) mg/l, turbidity(0.4–10.6 mg/l), hardness(48-187 mg/l), and fecal coliforms(1–4)fcu/100mi, dissolved oxygen(1.1–6.87)mg/l, EC(10.99–1066)ohm/cm, Cl (10-320 mg/l). All except alkalinity and hardness are within the WHO permissible standards of quality drinking water. The highest alkalinity (204 mg/l), hardness (187 mg/l) and low dissolved oxygen (6.87 mg/l) attributed to the high concentration of dissolved salts and basic cations in the water. The methodology applied in the study was effective in analyzing the physicochemical properties of water in the study area. Therefore, it was recommended that there should be frequent water source testing by stakeholder in water resources with the view to treating the water. Policy maker should also enforce the regulation of the use of chemical fertilizers, agro-chemicals and the indiscriminate waste disposal.
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Latańska, Ilona, Piotr Rosiak, Paulina Paul, Witold Sujka, and Beata Kolesińska. "Modulating the Physicochemical Properties of Chitin and Chitosan as a Method of Obtaining New Biological Properties of Biodegradable Materials." In Chitin and Chitosan - Physicochemical Properties and Industrial Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95815.

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Physical and chemical modifications of chitin and chitosan allow for obtaining new functional properties of the natural polymers. This is a particularly valuable feature for the design and manufacture of new materials for medical applications. Due to their wide and varied biological activity, chitin and chitosan materials are increasingly used as dressing materials with antibacterial and hemostatic properties and as materials accelerating the regeneration of damaged tissues because of stimulation of granulation tissue formation, re-epithelialization and reduction of the formation of scar tissue. In addition, chitosan derivatives have antifungal, antiviral, anticancer activity. The increasing use of chitin and chitosan also has a positive impact on the environment, as it is obtained as a result of chitin deacetylation, usually isolated from shellfish shells. The main source of chitin is waste coating of crustaceans. The annual natural reproducibility of chitin by biosynthesis is estimated at 2–3 billion tons. Our interest in the use of biodegradable biopolymers derived from chitin concerns the design, synthesis in laboratory scale, testing new material properties and the final implementation of new developments for industrial practice of new dressing materials useful in the treatment of bleeding wounds (haemostatic properties) as well as in the regeneration of wounds and ulcers of various etiologies. Examples of chitin-based dressing materials introduced by Tricomed SA are Medisorb R Ag, Medisorb R Membrane, Medisorb R Powder and Tromboguard®.
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Conference papers on the topic "Physicochemical testing"

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Pleus, Richard C. "Guidance on physicochemical characterization for manufacture nano-objects submitted for toxicological testing." In 2011 IEEE 11th International Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nano.2011.6144672.

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Ola, Oluwafunmilola, and Yanqiu Zhu. "Two-Dimensional WS2/g-C3N4 Layered Heterostructures With Enhanced Pseudocapacitive and Electrocatalytic Properties." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-23137.

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Abstract In this work, tungsten-based hybrid nanocomposites were grown on interconnected, macroscopic graphitic carbon nitride scaffold after solvothermal treatment followed by sulfidation to attain multifunctional composite electrocatalysts. The physicochemical properties of the obtained samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The tungsten-based composites were tested as electrodes for pseudocapacitors and as electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction, to take advantage of their porous graphitic carbon nitride features which would be beneficial for optimal ion transport to tungsten-based nanoparticles. These unique physicochemical features endow these composites with excellent electrochemical performances to reach a current density of 10 mA/cm2 for the hydrogen evolution reaction. In addition to demonstrating excellent specific capacitance, these hybrid nanocomposites also possess good stability after 8 hours of testing.
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Parsinejad, Farzan, Edwin Shirk, and Hameed Metghalchi. "Reformed Fuel and Its Properties, Burning Speeds and Flame Characteristics." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-80047.

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Premixed, lean burn combustion research has been focused for years on extending the lean flammability limit while maintaining both stable ignition and turbulent flame propagation. Burning speed is a fundamental physicochemical property of homogenous fuel/oxygen/diluent mixtures. It determines the rate of energy released during combustion and is of basic importance for developing and testing chemical kinetic models of hydrocarbons. The burning speed and flame structure of blends of reformed fuel and Methane-air mixtures have been studied using two similar constant volumes; a cylindrical vessel with end windows and a spherical chamber. The Experiments were conducted for a range of reformed fuel blends (20–80%) as well as mixture equivalence ratios (0.4–0.6). The burning speed results clearly define the regime of stable flame propagation for equivalence ratio/reformed fuel blend combinations.
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Wasilewski, P., and M. Kuciej. "COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF FIBRE SUBSTITUTION ON THE PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITE RAILWAY BRAKE SHOE." In BALTTRIB. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/balttrib.2017.31.

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Abstract:
During the design process, railway friction materials are subject to extensive testing which allows for a thorough assessment of their compliance with versatile requirements and expected characteristics. These tests include, among other, laboratory tests of mechanical, physicochemical, thermophysical and tribological properties. For a designer it is crucial to understand how formulation modification influences characteristics of the friction material. One of the key ingredients in the formulation of friction materials is reinforcing fibre. In this study, two composite, organic railway brake shoes with equal amount of two different reinforcing fibres, namely steel wool and glass fibre, were tested according to the procedures of a railway friction materials manufacturer. Test results were analysed and compared. The substitution of reinforcing fibre had a noticeable effect on each of the properties of the composites considered in this study.
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Emond, David, and Jacques Reuchet. "The French Regulatory Experience and View on Nickel-Base Alloy PWSCC Prevention and Treatment." In ASME/JSME 2004 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2004-2980.

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Abstract:
This paper presents the experience feedback and views of the French Regulatory Authority (ASN) and of the technical support institute (IRSN) on PWSCC prevention since the initiation in 1989 of the “Inconel Zones Review” requested by ASN to Electricite´ de France (EDF), the national operator of 58 PWRs plants. This proactive requirement, launched before the discovery, in September 1991, of the only CRDM nozzle leak in France, on Bugey unit 3, was then triggered by the recurrence of many alloy 600 rapid degradations and leaks, world wide, and also in France in the late 1980s, particularly on steam generator tubes and on some pressurizer penetrations. Thus, the ASN requested that EDF, perform a comprehensive (generic) proactive assessement on all the nickel-base alloy components and parts of the main primary circuits, which of course included vessel head penetrations and bottom mounted instrumentation penetrations (BMI), and some other zones. This proactive “review” did, a minima, include the following tasks and actions: • Update and complete, by an extensive R&amp;D program, the understanding and characterization of the Ni base alloys prone to PWSCC, • Analyze the various materials, metallurgical features, mechanical stresses, and physicochemical conditions of the parts exposed to primary water, in order to predict the occurrence of PWSCC initiation and propagation, • Provide a prioritization of the zones to be inspected, • Implement by improved NDE techniques a practical inspection program on the 58 PWRs, Prepare and implement any needed mitigation actions as a result of the components conditions assessment. The present paper relates the main features of the French regulatory experience over more than 13 years and recalls the main principles of the assessment, which were applied by ASN. These principles, which are formalized in the current regulation rules revised in 1999, are briefly listed hereunder: • It is based on avoiding and preventing any leaking on the main primary circuit. • In service inspections (ISI), including volumetric and surface NDE, have been agreed upon between ASN and EDF for all vessel head penetrations, with a re-inspection schedule. • The preexisting regulatory hydraulic testing program was carefully implemented, which implied the removal of thermal insulation on the vessel heads. • A comprehensive R&amp;D program had to be conducted by EDF, the main progress reports and presentations had to be regularly submitted to DGSNR and IRSN staff. • The assessment and the ranking of the sensitivity of the different nickel base alloy zones, derived from R&amp;D and empirical models, would have to be confirmed by a comprehensive ISI program, including bottom head penetrations, steam generator partition plates, and more specific weld metal zones. • ASN reviewed the various mitigations and preventive measures proposed by EDF, either temporary, such as leak detection systems, anti-ejections devices, interim repairs, or long term commitment of the French operator to replace in due time the vessel heads comprising the most affected CRDM penetrations. This paper also presents the ASN’s follow up of the domestic and international feedback, such as the occurrence of PWSCC cracking (initiation and propagation) in the weld, whose occurrence is rather limited in France.
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