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Journal articles on the topic 'Physiological protective mechanisms'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Souness, Graham W., Katherine Myles, and David J. Morris. "Other physiological considerations of protective mechanisms of mineralocorticoid action." Steroids 59, no. 2 (1994): 142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0039-128x(94)90092-2.

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Romanova, I. V., E. V. Mikhaylova, and A. L. Mikhrina. "Melanocortine system of verbinal brain: physiological mechanisms and protective properties." Журнал эволюционной биохимии и физиологии 56, no. 7 (2020): 791. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s004445292007236x.

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3

Liu, Shu Q., Xin‐Liang Ma, Gangjian Qin, Qingping Liu, Yan‐Chun Li, and Yu H. Wu. "Trans‐System Mechanisms Against Ischemic Myocardial Injury." Comprehensive Physiology 5, no. 1 (2015): 167–92. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2040-4603.2015.tb00606.x.

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AbstractA mammalian organism possesses a hierarchy of naturally evolved protective mechanisms against ischemic myocardial injury at the molecular, cellular, and organ levels. These mechanisms comprise regional protective processes, including upregulation and secretion of paracrine cell‐survival factors, inflammation, angiogenesis, fibrosis, and resident stem cell‐based cardiomyocyte regeneration. There are also interactive protective processes between the injured heart, circulation, and selected remote organs, defined as trans‐system protective mechanisms, including upregulation and secretion

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Sun, Lu, Lufei Wang, Bethany B. Moore, et al. "IL-17: Balancing Protective Immunity and Pathogenesis." Journal of Immunology Research 2023 (August 12, 2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/3360310.

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The biological role of interleukin 17 (IL-17) has been explored during recent decades and identified as a pivotal player in coordinating innate and adaptive immune responses. Notably, IL-17 functions as a double-edged sword with both destructive and protective immunological roles. While substantial progress has implicated unrestrained IL-17 in a variety of infectious diseases or autoimmune conditions, IL-17 plays an important role in protecting the host against pathogens and maintaining physiological homeostasis. In this review, we describe canonical IL-17 signaling mechanisms promoting neutro

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Birukov, Konstantin G., Noureddine Zebda, and Anna A. Birukova. "Barrier Enhancing Signals in Pulmonary Edema." Comprehensive Physiology 3, no. 1 (2013): 429–84. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2040-4603.2013.tb00479.x.

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AbstractIncreased endothelial permeability and reduction of alveolar liquid clearance capacity are two leading pathogenic mechanisms of pulmonary edema, which is a major complication of acute lung injury, severe pneumonia, and acute respiratory distress syndrome, the pathologies characterized by unacceptably high rates of morbidity and mortality. Besides the success in protective ventilation strategies, no efficient pharmacological approaches exist to treat this devastating condition. Understanding of fundamental mechanisms involved in regulation of endothelial permeability is essential for de

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Hoff, Julian T. "Cerebral protection." Journal of Neurosurgery 65, no. 5 (1986): 579–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1986.65.5.0579.

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✓ Cerebral protection from an ischemic/hypoxic insult implies that tissue injury can be controlled or even prevented by certain therapeutic maneuvers. For example, physiological thresholds may be altered so that tissue vulnerability to the insult is reduced, or the intensity of an insult may be blunted by enhancing brain homeostasis. Such a therapeutic maneuver is carotid endarterectomy to improve blood flow in the disordered hemisphere. Alternatively, drugs with protective properties can be used before or even after the insult to “stabilize” injured tissue and prevent the harmful secondary ef

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Carrillo-Mora, Paul, Rogelio Luna, and Laura Colín-Barenque. "Amyloid Beta: Multiple Mechanisms of Toxicity and Only Some Protective Effects?" Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2014 (2014): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/795375.

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Amyloid beta (Aβ) is a peptide of 39–43 amino acids found in large amounts and forming deposits in the brain tissue of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). For this reason, it has been implicated in the pathophysiology of damage observed in this type of dementia. However, the role of Aβin the pathophysiology of AD is not yet precisely understood. Aβhas been experimentally shown to have a wide range of toxic mechanismsin vivoandin vitro, such as excitotoxicity, mitochondrial alterations, synaptic dysfunction, altered calcium homeostasis, oxidative stress, and so forth. In contrast, Aβhas als

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Babichev, Anatoliy Vasilyevich. "The role of endothelium in hemostasis mechanisms." Pediatrician (St. Petersburg) 4, no. 1 (2013): 122–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ped41122-127.

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Formation and excretion of thrombogenous and athrombogenous factors by endothelial cells is a constant physiological process taking place in all vessels. Endothelium is a huge endocrine gland which generates a wide spectrum of biologically active substances. Biologically active substances of endothelium are involved in many hemostasis mechanisms and regulation of local blood flow. BAS composition is determined by status of endothelial cells. In physiological state BAS of endothelium provide adequate local blood flow by synthesizing powerful anticoagulants, vasodilators and other biologically a

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9

King, Michelle A., Ian Rollo, and Lindsay B. Baker. "Nutritional considerations to counteract gastrointestinal permeability during exertional heat stress." Journal of Applied Physiology 130, no. 6 (2021): 1754–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00072.2021.

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Intestinal barrier integrity and function are compromised during exertional heat stress (EHS) potentially leading to consequences that range from minor gastrointestinal (GI) disturbances to fatal outcomes in exertional heat stroke or septic shock. This mini-review provides a concise discussion of nutritional interventions that may protect against intestinal permeability during EHS and suggests physiological mechanisms responsible for this protection. Although diverse nutritional interventions have been suggested to be protective against EHS-induced GI permeability, the ingestion of certain ami

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Zhong, Lijun, Hongxing Dong, Zhijun Deng, et al. "Physiological Mechanisms of Bretschneidera sinensis Hemsl. Seed Dormancy Release and Germination." Forests 14, no. 12 (2023): 2430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14122430.

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Bretschneidera sinensis, the sole species of Bretschneidera, belonging to the family Akaniaceae, is a tertiary paleotropical flora. It is considered an endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). It has an important protective and scientific value. The study of its seed dormancy and germination mechanisms contributes to better protection. In this study, the dormancy of fresh mature B. sinensis seeds released via low-temperature wet stratification was studied. In addition, the endogenous phytohormone levels, antioxidant enzyme activity, soluble sugar content

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Zhang, Xiaoliang, Hong Zhuang, Sijia Wu, Chen Mao, Yaxi Dai, and Haiyang Yan. "Marine Bioactive Peptides: Anti-Photoaging Mechanisms and Potential Skin Protective Effects." Current Issues in Molecular Biology 46, no. 2 (2024): 990–1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cimb46020063.

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Skin photoaging, resulting from prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation, is a form of exogenous aging that not only impacts the aesthetic aspect of the skin but also exhibits a strong correlation with the onset of skin cancer. Nonetheless, the safety profile of non-natural anti-photoaging medications and the underlying physiological alterations during the process of photoaging remain inadequately elucidated. Consequently, there exists a pressing necessity to devise more secure interventions involving anti-photoaging drugs. Multiple studies have demonstrated the noteworthy significance of m

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Jani, Alkesh, Sandra L. Martin, Swati Jain, Daniel Keys, and Charles L. Edelstein. "Renal adaptation during hibernation." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 305, no. 11 (2013): F1521—F1532. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00675.2012.

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Hibernators periodically undergo profound physiological changes including dramatic reductions in metabolic, heart, and respiratory rates and core body temperature. This review discusses the effect of hypoperfusion and hypothermia observed during hibernation on glomerular filtration and renal plasma flow, as well as specific adaptations in renal architecture, vasculature, the renin-angiotensin system, and upregulation of possible protective mechanisms during the extreme conditions endured by hibernating mammals. Understanding the mechanisms of protection against organ injury during hibernation

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Bao, Naren, and Bing Tang. "Organ-Protective Effects and the Underlying Mechanism of Dexmedetomidine." Mediators of Inflammation 2020 (May 9, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6136105.

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Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a highly selective α2 adrenergic receptor (α2AR) agonist currently used in clinical settings. Because DEX has dose-dependent advantages of sedation, analgesia, antianxiety, inhibition of sympathetic nervous system activity, cardiovascular stabilization, and significant reduction of postoperative delirium and agitation, but does not produce respiratory depression and agitation, it is widely used in clinical anesthesia and ICU departments. In recent years, much clinical study and basic research has confirmed that DEX has a protective effect on a variety of organs, includ

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Pieniazek, Facundo, Madhumita Dasgupta, Valeria Messina, et al. "Differential Occurrence of Cuticular Wax and Its Role in Leaf Physiological Mechanisms of Three Edible Aroids of Northeast India." Agriculture 12, no. 5 (2022): 724. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12050724.

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The localization of cuticular wax (CW) on the leaf epidermis and its interaction with the physiological mechanisms of three edible aroids, Alocasia, Colocasia, and Xanthosoma, were assessed. CW in the leaf tissues was visualized using scanning electron microscopy, which was higher in Colocasia (10.61 mg·dm−2) and Xanthosoma (11.36 mg·dm−2) than in Alocasia (1.36 mg·dm−2). Colocasia CW exhibited superhydrophobic properties with a higher static contact angle (CA) (>150°) than Xanthosoma (99.0°) and Alocasia (128.7°). The higher CW in Colocasia and Xanthosoma resulted in better leaf chlorophyl

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Andriantsitohaina, Ramaroson, Cyril Auger, Thierry Chataigneau, et al. "Molecular mechanisms of the cardiovascular protective effects of polyphenols." British Journal of Nutrition 108, no. 9 (2012): 1532–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114512003406.

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Epidemiological studies have reported a greater reduction in cardiovascular risk and metabolic disorders associated with diets rich in polyphenols. The antioxidant effects of polyphenols are attributed to the regulation of redox enzymes by reducing reactive oxygen species production from mitochondria, NADPH oxidases and uncoupled endothelial NO synthase in addition to also up-regulating multiple antioxidant enzymes. Although data supporting the effects of polyphenols in reducing oxidative stress are promising, several studies have suggested additional mechanisms in the health benefits of polyp

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Prokopchook, V. S., and A. V. Lyckbäck. "Basis of the general theory of pathology (Part 3. Sepsis as an adaptive protective response of organism)." Likarska sprava, no. 7-8 (December 30, 2018): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31640/jvd.7-8.2018(1).

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A problem of the essence of sepsis remains unresolved. Sepsis isseen as inadequate, insufficient, or perverted body's response to microbial invasion. The authors analyze the problem of sepsis from the opposite (paradoxical) position based on the well-known postulate that any pathological process (disease) is an adaptation i. e. a protective mechanism. The authors describe known antimicrobial protective barriers ("physiological" and "pathological") and determine a role of different variants of sepsis in protective reactions of human body. The article describes the nature and mechanisms of adapt

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Prokopchook, V. S., and A. V. Lyckbäck. "Basis of the general theory of pathology (Part 3. Sepsis as an adaptive protective response of organism)." Likarska sprava, no. 7-8 (December 30, 2018): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31640/vd.7-8.2018(1).

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A problem of the essence of sepsis remains unresolved. Sepsis isseen as inadequate, insufficient, or perverted body's response to microbial invasion. The authors analyze the problem of sepsis from the opposite (paradoxical) position based on the well-known postulate that any pathological process (disease) is an adaptation i. e. a protective mechanism. The authors describe known antimicrobial protective barriers ("physiological" and "pathological") and determine a role of different variants of sepsis in protective reactions of human body. The article describes the nature and mechanisms of adapt

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18

Birukova, Anna A., Nurgul Moldobaeva, Junjie Xing, and Konstantin G. Birukov. "Magnitude-dependent effects of cyclic stretch on HGF- and VEGF-induced pulmonary endothelial remodeling and barrier regulation." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 295, no. 4 (2008): L612—L623. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.90236.2008.

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Mechanical ventilation at high tidal volumes compromises the blood-gas barrier and increases lung vascular permeability, which may lead to ventilator-induced lung injury and pulmonary edema. Using pulmonary endothelial cell (ECs) exposed to physiologically [5% cyclic stretch (CS)] and pathologically (18% CS) relevant magnitudes of CS, we evaluated the potential protective effects of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) on EC barrier dysfunction induced by CS and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In static culture, HGF enhanced EC barrier function in a Rac-dependent manner and attenuated VEG

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Mubinjonov, Aziz Daminovich, and Erkin Uktamovich Xusanov. "OXYTOCIN AND THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM: ANATOMICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CONCEPTS." Multidisciplinary Journal of Science and Technology 5, no. 2 (2025): 371–74. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14871433.

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Oxytocin, a neuropeptide hormone primarily known for its roles in social bonding, childbirth, and lactation, has garnered increasing attention for its effects on cardiovascular physiology. It is synthesized in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary, exerting regulatory effects on the heart, blood vessels, and autonomic nervous system. Oxytocin interacts with the cardiovascular system by modulating vascular tone, blood pressure, and cardiac function through direct actions on oxytocin receptors (OXTR) in the endothelium, myocardium, and autonomic nervous structures. Additiona

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Mosadegh, Trivellini, Lucchesini, et al. "UV-B Physiological Changes Under Conditions of Distress and Eustress in Sweet Basil." Plants 8, no. 10 (2019): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants8100396.

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UV-B radiation has been previously reported to induce protective or deleterious effects on plants depending on the UV-B irradiation doses. To elucidate how these contrasting events are physiologically coordinated, we exposed sweet basil plants to two UV-B doses: low (8.5 kJ m-2 day-1, 30 min exposure) and high (68 kJ m-2 day-1, 4 h exposure), with the plants given both doses once continuously in a single day. Physiological tests during and after both UV-B exposures were performed by comparing the stress-induced damage and adverse effects on photosynthetic activity, the concentration and compos

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21

Notariale, Rosaria, Pasquale Perrone, Luigi Mele, Gennaro Lettieri, Marina Piscopo, and Caterina Manna. "Olive Oil Phenols Prevent Mercury-Induced Phosphatidylserine Exposure and Morphological Changes in Human Erythrocytes Regardless of Their Different Scavenging Activity." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 10 (2022): 5693. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105693.

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Phosphatidylserine (PS) translocation to the external membrane leaflet represents a key mechanism in the pathophysiology of human erythrocytes (RBC) acting as an “eat me” signal for the removal of aged/stressed cells. Loss of physiological membrane asymmetry, however, can lead to adverse effects on the cardiovascular system, activating a prothrombotic activity. The data presented indicate that structurally related olive oil phenols prevent cell alterations induced in intact human RBC exposed to HgCl2 (5–40 µM) or Ca2+ ionophore (5 µM), as measured by hallmarks including PS exposure, reactive o

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Grygoryan, R. D. "Problems associated with creating special software for simulating of human physiological responses to dynamic accelerations." PROBLEMS IN PROGRAMMING, no. 1 (January 2024): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/pp2024.01.030.

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Under extreme accelerations, human physiological mechanisms cannot provide adequate circulation. Special methods and devices protecting pilot’s brain and eye functionality have been proposed but their efficiency is individual and depends on pilot’s skills. Currently, the lonely technology to safely acquire and test the necessary skills is based on use of special centrifuges. However, lack of adequate data about physiological and biomechanical events are two main causes worsening the training results. Special computer simulators, capable to model and visualize the main mechanical and physiologi

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Haghpanah, Mostafa, Seyyedhamidreza Hashemipetroudi, Ahmad Arzani, and Fabrizio Araniti. "Drought Tolerance in Plants: Physiological and Molecular Responses." Plants 13, no. 21 (2024): 2962. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants13212962.

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Drought, a significant environmental challenge, presents a substantial risk to worldwide agriculture and the security of food supplies. In response, plants can perceive stimuli from their environment and activate defense pathways via various modulating networks to cope with stress. Drought tolerance, a multifaceted attribute, can be dissected into distinct contributing mechanisms and factors. Osmotic stress, dehydration stress, dysfunction of plasma and endosome membranes, loss of cellular turgidity, inhibition of metabolite synthesis, cellular energy depletion, impaired chloroplast function,

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Mahalakshmi, B., Nancy Maurya, Shin-Da Lee, and V. Bharath Kumar. "Possible Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Physical Exercise in Neurodegeneration." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 16 (2020): 5895. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21165895.

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Physical exercise (PE) improves physical performance, mental status, general health, and well-being. It does so by affecting many mechanisms at the cellular and molecular level. PE is beneficial for people suffering from neuro-degenerative diseases because it improves the production of neurotrophic factors, neurotransmitters, and hormones. PE promotes neuronal survival and neuroplasticity and also optimizes neuroendocrine and physiological responses to psychosocial and physical stress. PE sensitizes the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS), Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) and central nervous sy

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Bondarenko, Nadezhda Nikolaevna, Evgeniy Vladimirovich Khomutov, Tat'yana Leonidovna Ryapolova, et al. "MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR MECHANISMS OF HYPOXIC RESPONSE." Ulyanovsk Medico-biological Journal, no. 2 (July 3, 2023): 6–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.34014/2227-1848-2023-2-6-29.

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Hypoxia is a typical pathological process characterized by oxygen tissue deficiency with the pathological and protective-compensatory reactions. The article briefly outlines the issues of hypoxia study and interval hypoxic training in clinical and rehabilitation practice while treating various diseases and pathological processes. The authors consider types of physiological and pathological responses to hypoxia, key aspects in the pathogenesis of normo- and hypobaric hypoxia under normal and reduced atmospheric pressure, and stages of hypoxia development. Physiological and biochemical responses

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Gushiken, Lucas Fernando Sérgio, Fernando Pereira Beserra, Jairo Kenupp Bastos, Christopher John Jackson, and Cláudia Helena Pellizzon. "Cutaneous Wound Healing: An Update from Physiopathology to Current Therapies." Life 11, no. 7 (2021): 665. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11070665.

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The skin is the biggest organ of human body which acts as a protective barrier against deleterious agents. When this barrier is damaged, the organism promotes the healing process with several molecular and cellular mechanisms, in order to restore the physiological structure of the skin. The physiological control of wound healing depends on the correct balance among its different mechanisms. Any disruption in the balance of these mechanisms can lead to problems and delay in wound healing. The impairment of wound healing is linked to underlying factors as well as aging, nutrition, hypoxia, stres

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Gu, Ruining. "The Impact of Cadmium Stress on Rice Growth, Development and Protective Mechanisms." Theoretical and Natural Science 129, no. 1 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/2025.25140.

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Cadmium (Cd) is a significant pollutant in paddy fields, and its accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.), along with its eventual entry into the food chain, has led to a serious global environmental and peoples health issue related to diet. This research proposal aims to investigate the effects of varying concentrations and exposure durations of Cd on rice growth. The researchers will focus on identifying the specific parts of the rice plant most affected by cadmium, including rice ears, leaves and stems. In addition, by examining the morphological, physiological, and biochemical changes in ric

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Choudhury, Sharmila, Michael R. Wilson, Michael E. Goddard, Kieran P. O'Dea, and Masao Takata. "Mechanisms of early pulmonary neutrophil sequestration in ventilator-induced lung injury in mice." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 287, no. 5 (2004): L902—L910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00187.2004.

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Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) play an important role in ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI), but the mechanisms of pulmonary PMN recruitment, particularly early intravascular PMN sequestration during VILI, have not been elucidated. We investigated the physiological and molecular mechanisms of pulmonary PMN sequestration in an in vivo mouse model of VILI. Anesthetized C57/BL6 mice were ventilated for 1 h with high tidal volume (injurious ventilation), low tidal volume and high positive end-expiratory pressure (protective ventilation), or normal tidal volume (control ventilation). Pulmona

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García-Bueno, Borja, Javier R. Caso, and Juan C. Leza. "Stress as a neuroinflammatory condition in brain: Damaging and protective mechanisms." Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 32, no. 6 (2008): 1136–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2008.04.001.

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Виктория Викторовна, Сундукова,, and Карпова, Галина Сергеевна. "PSYCHOLOGICAL PROTECTIVE MECHANISMS OF A PERSON PROVIDED TO ADDICTIONAL BEHAVIOR." Vestnik Samarskogo iuridicheskogo instituta, no. 5(51) (December 20, 2022): 88–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.37523/sui.2022.51.5.015.

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Данная статья посвящена актуальной теме - проблеме аддиктивного поведения. Аддиктивное поведение представляет собой один из видов отклоняющегося поведения, которое связано психологической и физиологической зависимостью от употребления психоактивных веществ с целью изменения психического состояния. В настоящее время наблюдается рост преступлений, совершенных в состоянии измененного сознания, а именно под воздействием алкогольных, наркотически, психотропных веществ. Химические вещества являются своеобразным средством против одиночества, внутреннего чувства пустоты, потери и т. д. Стремясь скрыть

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Seeholzer, Laura F., and David Julius. "Neuroendocrine cells initiate protective upper airway reflexes." Science 384, no. 6693 (2024): 295–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.adh5483.

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Airway neuroendocrine (NE) cells have been proposed to serve as specialized sensory epithelial cells that modulate respiratory behavior by communicating with nearby nerve endings. However, their functional properties and physiological roles in the healthy lung, trachea, and larynx remain largely unknown. In this work, we show that murine NE cells in these compartments have distinct biophysical properties but share sensitivity to two commonly aspirated noxious stimuli, water and acid. Moreover, we found that tracheal and laryngeal NE cells protect the airways by releasing adenosine 5′-triphosph

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Antinozzi, Cristina, Luigi Di Luigi, Laura Sireno, Daniela Caporossi, Ivan Dimauro, and Paolo Sgrò. "Protective Role of Physical Activity and Antioxidant Systems During Spermatogenesis." Biomolecules 15, no. 4 (2025): 478. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom15040478.

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Oxidative stress is a significant factor that contributes to male infertility and sperm dysfunction. In this condition, an increase in ROS production exceeds the body’s antioxidant defenses, resulting in a decline in spermatozoa quality and fertilizing capacity. Furthermore, excessive ROS production has been linked to the promotion of genomic damage, lipid peroxidation, inflammation, altered enzyme activity, and ultimately, irreversible alterations, cell death, and a decline in seminal parameters associated with male infertility. It is established that physical activity (PA), acting on inflamm

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Li, Qiu-Yu, Fei Liu, Xiaoxiao Tang, Haidong Fu, and Jianhua Mao. "Renoprotective Role of Hypoxia-Inducible Factors and the Mechanism." Kidney Diseases 8, no. 1 (2021): 44–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000520141.

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Background: The kidney requires abundant blood supply, and oxygen is transmitted by diffusion through blood vessels. Most physiological metabolism of the kidney depends on oxygen, so it is very sensitive to oxygen. An increasing pool of evidence suggests that hypoxia is involved in almost all acute and chronic kidney diseases (CKDs). Vascular damage, tubular injury, and fibrosis are the main pathologies associated during hypoxia. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are the main mediators during hypoxia, but their functions remain controversial. This article reviewed recent studies and described i

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Dolata, Natalia, Bartosz Balcer, Paweł Liszka, et al. "The Impact of Physical Activity on Skin Health and Condition: Physiological Mechanisms and Dermatological Effects." Quality in Sport 36 (December 23, 2024): 56624. https://doi.org/10.12775/qs.2024.36.56624.

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Introduction and purpose: The skin, the largest organ of the human body, plays a crucial role as a protective barrier. Its condition deteriorates with age and under the influence of external factors such as UV radiation, stress, or diet. This review examines the impact of physical activity on skin health, focusing on mechanisms that enhance its function and appearance. Materials and Methods A literature review was conducted using medical databases, including PubMed and Google Scholar. Articles were retrieved in English using keywords such as “physical activity,” “skin health,” “effects of exer

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Silberstein, L., B. Z. Siegel, S. M. Siegel, A. Mukhtar, and M. Galun. "Comparative Studies on Xanthoria Parietina, a Pollution Resistant Lichen, and Ramalina Duriaei, a Sensitive Species. II. Evaluation of Possible Air Pollution-Protection Mechanisms." Lichenologist 28, no. 4 (1996): 367–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/lich.1996.0034.

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AbstractSurveys of the distribution of the lichens Xanthoria panetina and Ramalina duriaei in Israel showed that environments with air pollution had no damaging effectson X. panetina, whereas R. duriaei had disappeared from polluted environments: physiological studies supported this relative sensitivity. Investigations of possible defence mechanisms protecting X. parietina from the damaging effects of air pollution showed a multitude of possible protective systems. These included constitutive avoidance such as: efficient buffering capacity; a relatively high potassium content; and antioxidatio

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Irkitbay, А., A. K. Madenova, and Z. B. Sapakhova. "The role of salicylic acid in the plant defense mechanism." BULLETIN of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. BIOSCIENCE Series 140, no. 3 (2022): 83–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-7034-2022-140-3-83-96.

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Pollution and climate change negatively affect plant health. The growing demand for global food production in the agricultural sector is a decisive driving force for the development of new disease control methods that are effective against known pathogens. Plants possess specialized structures, chemicals, and complex defense mechanisms against pathogens. Understanding these defense mechanisms and pathways is critical to developing innovative approaches to protecting crops from disease. Plant stress can be reduced by applying salicylic acid, which is involved in plant signaling. Salicylic acid

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Yu, Zhengwen, Chenju Yang, Lian Xie, Feng Yang, and Yuyu Yuan. "Physiological and Biochemical Mechanisms of Aoria nigripes (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) Adaption to Flavonoid-Rich Plant Nekemias grossedentata." Insects 16, no. 4 (2025): 399. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16040399.

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This study aimed to explore the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of the interaction between N. grossedentata and A. nigripes. First, specimens were categorized into low- (6.16% ± 0.66%), medium- (9.23% ± 1.19%), and high-content groups (21.23% ± 1.23%) based on the initial dihydromyricetin concentration in N. grossedentata. Subsequently, we assessed the variations in total flavonoids, dihydromyricetin, myricitrin, and myricetin in plants 24, 48, and 72 h post-feeding. Concurrently, we analyzed the impact of plant leaf consumption on the detoxifying [glutathione S-transferase (GST), car

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Jutsz, Anna Małachowska, and Anna Gnida. "Mechanisms of stress avoidance and tolerance by plants used in phytoremediation of heavy metals." Archives of Environmental Protection 41, no. 4 (2015): 104–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aep-2015-0045.

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AbstractHeavy metal pollution of soil is a significant environmental problem and has a negative impact on human health and agriculture. Phytoremediation can be an alternative environmental treatment technology, using the natural ability of plants to take up and accumulate pollutants or transform them. Proper development of plants in contaminated areas (e.g. heavy metals) requires them to generate the appropriate protective mechanisms against the toxic effects of these pollutants. This paper presents an overview of the physiological mechanisms of stress avoidance and tolerance by plants used in

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Yang, Jing, Weiju Sun, Junfeng Sun, et al. "Guanxintai Exerts Protective Effects on Ischemic Cardiomyocytes by Mitigating Oxidative Stress." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4534387.

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Oxidative stress participates in numerous myocardial pathophysiological processes and is considered a therapeutic target for myocardial ischemia and heart failure. Guanxintai (GXT), a traditional Chinese medicine, is commonly used to treat cardiovascular disease on account of its numerous beneficial physiological activities, such as dilating coronary arteries, inhibiting platelet aggregation, and reducing the serum lipid content. However, the antioxidative properties of GXT and potential underlying mechanisms remain to be established. In the present study, we investigated the protective effect

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Garduño, Rafael A., Michael A. Kuzyk, and William W. Kay. "Structural and physiological determinants of resistance ofAeromonas salmonicidato reactive radicals." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 43, no. 11 (1997): 1044–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m97-149.

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The facultative intracellular pathogen Aeromonas salmonicida survives and replicates in macrophages, a virulence trait presumed to be associated with its ability to resist reactive radicals. The mechanisms used by A. salmonicida to resist reactive radicals in vitro were shown to have both structural and physiological determinants. The sensitivity of A. salmonicida to exogenous H2O2, superoxide, and nitrogen radicals, as well as endogenous oxygen radicals, differed depending on growth conditions, cell surface structure, and preexposure to sublethal doses of radicals. Whereas sensitivities to ex

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Golbidi, Saeid, and Ismail Laher. "Molecular Mechanisms in Exercise-Induced Cardioprotection." Cardiology Research and Practice 2011 (2011): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/972807.

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Physical inactivity is increasingly recognized as modifiable behavioral risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. A partial list of proposed mechanisms for exercise-induced cardioprotection include induction of heat shock proteins, increase in cardiac antioxidant capacity, expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress proteins, anatomical and physiological changes in the coronary arteries, changes in nitric oxide production, adaptational changes in cardiac mitochondria, increased autophagy, and improved function of sarcolemmal and/or mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels. It is currently

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Bahadur, Ali, Asfa Batool, Fahad Nasir, et al. "Mechanistic Insights into Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi-Mediated Drought Stress Tolerance in Plants." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 17 (2019): 4199. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20174199.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) establish symbiotic interaction with 80% of known land plants. It has a pronounced impact on plant growth, water absorption, mineral nutrition, and protection from abiotic stresses. Plants are very dynamic systems having great adaptability under continuously changing drying conditions. In this regard, the function of AMF as a biological tool for improving plant drought stress tolerance and phenotypic plasticity, in terms of establishing mutualistic associations, seems an innovative approach towards sustainable agriculture. However, a better understanding of t

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Wen-Hai, HU, ZHANG Si-Si, XIAO Yi-An, and and YAN Xiao-Hong. "Physiological responses and photo-protective mechanisms of two Rhododendron plants to natural sunlight after long term shading." Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology 39, no. 11 (2015): 1093–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17521/cjpe.2015.0106.

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Fediuc, Erika, and László Erdei. "Physiological and biochemical aspects of cadmium toxicity and protective mechanisms induced in Phragmites australis and Typha latifolia." Journal of Plant Physiology 159, no. 3 (2002): 265–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1078/0176-1617-00639.

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Carolino, Sonia Madali Boseja, Juliana Rocha Vaez, André Southernman Teixeira Irsigler, Maria Anete S. Valente, Leonardo Augusto Zebral Rodrigues, and Elizabeth Pacheco Batista Fontes. "Plant BiP gene family: differential expression, stress induction and protective role against physiological stresses." Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology 15, no. 2 (2003): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1677-04202003000200001.

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In contrast to yeast or mammalian counterpart, BiP (Binding Protein) from several plant species, such as maize, tobacco, Arabidopsis and soybean, is encoded by a multigene family. A systematic characterization and analysis of soybean BiP expression have provided evidence for the existence of multiple, complex regulatory mechanisms controlling plant BiP gene expression. In support of this observation, the soybean BiP gene family has been shown to exhibit organ-specific expression and differential regulation in response to abiotic stresses through distinct signaling pathways. As a member of the

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Sieprawska, Apolonia, Andrzej Kornaś, and Maria Filek. "Involvement of Selenium in Protective Mechanisms of Plants under Environmental Stress Conditions – Review." Acta Biologica Cracoviensia s. Botanica 57, no. 1 (2015): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/abcsb-2015-0014.

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AbstractIn recent years there has been growing interest in selenium (Se) as an important micronutrient not only for animals and humans but also for plants. In particular, its protective effect in plants exposed to stress conditions has been suggested. In spite of many studies, the mechanism of Se action is not fully understood. In this review, possible ways of interaction of Se with stress factors leading to optimal growth and development of plants are presented. As the majority of experiments have focused on the effects of Se application under stress conditions induced by heavy metals, specia

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Singer, Stacy D., Madeline Lehmann, Zixuan Zhang, et al. "Elucidation of Physiological, Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Salinity Response Mechanisms in Medicago sativa." Plants 12, no. 10 (2023): 2059. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12102059.

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Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a widely grown perennial leguminous forage crop with a number of positive attributes. However, despite its moderate ability to tolerate saline soils, which are increasing in prevalence worldwide, it suffers considerable yield declines under these growth conditions. While a general framework of the cascade of events involved in plant salinity response has been unraveled in recent years, many gaps remain in our understanding of the precise molecular mechanisms involved in this process, particularly in non-model yet economically important species such as alfalfa. T

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Sawka, Michael N., Lisa R. Leon, Scott J. Montain, and Larry A. Sonna. "Integrated Physiological Mechanisms of Exercise Performance, Adaptation, and Maladaptation to Heat Stress." Comprehensive Physiology 1, no. 4 (2011): 1883–928. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2040-4603.2011.tb00385.x.

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AbstractThis article emphasizes significant recent advances regarding heat stress and its impact on exercise performance, adaptations, fluid electrolyte imbalances, and pathophysiology. During exercise‐heat stress, the physiological burden of supporting high skin blood flow and high sweating rates can impose considerable cardiovascular strain and initiate a cascade of pathophysiological events leading to heat stroke. We examine the association between heat stress, particularly high skin temperature, on diminishing cardiovascular/aerobic reserves as well as increasing relative intensity and per

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Allen, Julie Ober, Daphne C. Watkins, Briana Mezuk, Linda Chatters, and Vicki Johnson-Lawrence. "Mechanisms of Racial Health Disparities: Relationships between Coping and Psychological and Physiological Stress Responses." Ethnicity & Disease 30, no. 4 (2020): 563–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.18865/ed.30.4.563.

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Objective: Psychological distress and physiological dysregulation represent two stress response pathways linked to poor health and are implicated in racial disparities in aging-related health outcomes among US men. Less is known about how coping relates to these stress responses. The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine whether midlife and older men’s coping strategies and behaviors accounted, in part, for Black-White disparities in men’s psychological and physiological stress responses.Methods: We examined racial differences in 12 coping strategies (COPE Inventory subscales, re

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Musaogullari, Aysenur, and Yuh-Cherng Chai. "Redox Regulation by Protein S-Glutathionylation: From Molecular Mechanisms to Implications in Health and Disease." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 21 (2020): 8113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218113.

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S-glutathionylation, the post-translational modification forming mixed disulfides between protein reactive thiols and glutathione, regulates redox-based signaling events in the cell and serves as a protective mechanism against oxidative damage. S-glutathionylation alters protein function, interactions, and localization across physiological processes, and its aberrant function is implicated in various human diseases. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of S-glutathionylation and describe the changing levels of expression of S-glutathionylation in the

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