Academic literature on the topic 'Physiological Values'
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Journal articles on the topic "Physiological Values"
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Brown, Ronald P., Michael D. Delp, Stan L. Lindstedt, Lorenz R. Rhomberg, and Robert P. Beliles. "Physiological Parameter Values for Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Models." Toxicology and Industrial Health 13, no. 4 (1997): 407–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823379701300401.
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Srivastava, Nidhi, and Sipi Dubey. "Lie Detector: Measure Physiological Values." International Frontier Science Letters 4 (April 2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ifsl.4.1.
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The lie detector known as Polygraphic Recorder, since it records physiological changes of a subject under test. Various changes in parameters such as respiration rate, blood pressure (B.P) are used to interpret the percentage of lying by the subject. It is possible to analyze and display the possibility of lying by a subject reliably using expert system. The purpose of this study is to investigate the physiological responses while the subject is lying. When we lie, our blood pressure goes up, our heart beats faster, we breathe more quickly (and our breathing slows once the lie has been told). This work evaluating, examining, calculating and observing, an examiner can tell from those scribbles whether or not you have spoken the truth.
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Cavasin, Pedro Yuri, Wilson Vicente Souza Pereira, and Heloisa Oliveira dos Santos. "Physiological quality of Capsicum chinense 'Adjuma' seeds during development." Bioscience Journal 39 (May 5, 2023): e39075. http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-64823.
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Once “bode” pepper plants (Capsicum) have continuous development and fructification, it is not possible to determine a specific season for seed physiologic maturation and harvest. This research aimed to evaluate physiological quality of “bode” pepper (Capsicum chinense 'Adjuma’) during fruit development and enzymes expression on seed germination. Manually extracted seeds were submitted to physiological tests being evaluated germination at first count (FC), final (G), and germination speed index (GSI), additionally, enzymatic analyses were carried. The lowest values for the physiological tests were observed for initial development stages. The greatest for FC, G and IVG were observed for seeds from fruits 70 days after anthesis (DAA). Superoxide dismutase enzyme has the highest values on seeds harvested at 49 DAA while malate dehydrogenase has more expression at 70 DAA. Catalase, alcohol dehydrogenase, and esterase have the higher expression at 63 DAA. The maturation stage influences bode pepper seed physiological quality, being seeds harvested at 70 DAA those with the better results on the evaluated parameters, thus, considered physiologically mature and the indicated time for harvest.
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PASŁAWSKA, URSZULA, KATARZYNA MICHLIK, IZABELA JANUS, ROBERT PASŁAWSKI, DOROTA ZYŚKO, and AGNIESZKA NOSZCZYK-NOWAK. "Physiological values of ECG parameters in Silesian horses." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 74, no. 1 (2018): 5972–2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.5972.
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The aim of this study was to establish the physiological ECG values in the Silesian horse and to compare the results with literature data for other breeds of horses. This study was carried out on 31 healthy Silesian horses (15 males and 16 females) aged 2-19 years. The ECG was carried out after an anamnesis and clinical examination and without prior premedication or use of force, both of which could affect the ECG result. The mean heart rate (HR) in the Silesian horses was 39 ± 8.1 beats per minute. In the majority of the leads, P waves were single positive waves. Notched waves were present in 16-51% of the horses, bifid waves were found less frequently, and biphasic P waves were seen least frequently. In the aVR lead, the P wave was most commonly found to be single negative. The PQ interval ranged from 0.18 s in the CV1 lead to 0.29 s in the aVR lead. Most often, the PQ interval lasted 0.24-0.28 s. The QRS duration ranged from 0.079 s in the CV1 lead to 0.099 s in lead III. The QRS duration was between 0.08 and 0.1 s. Generally, the T wave was single positive or negative. It was biphasic only in the precordial leads. Unlike P waves, notched T waves were not found. The ECG parameters in the Silesian horse do not differ from normal ECG values for other horse breeds of similar weight. Specific features of the ECG in the Silesian horse are a frequent occurrence of additional R’ and S’ waves in the Einthoven leads and a relatively long supraventricular conduction time.
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Maty, Hiyam N., Imtithal A. Mohammed, Hala O. Adnan, Ahmed A. Hussein, and Soulaf J. Kakel. "Reference physiological and biochemical values of adult albino rats." Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences 39, no. 1 (2025): 121–28. https://doi.org/10.33899/ijvs.2024.154123.3922.
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Láaszlóa, Aranka, Istváan Sonáar, Gyoürgy Falkay, Attila Kováacs, Viktóaria Halmos, and Jáanos Szabóa. "Physiological Values of Cystein and Metalloproteinase Activities in Chorionic Villi." Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 69, no. 5 (1990): 397–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00016349009013300.
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Kim, Ji-Yeun, Min-Kyu Song, and Hee-Eun Kim. "Physiological Responses and Subjective Sensations by Clo Values at -10℃." Journal of the Korean Society for Clothing Industry 12, no. 4 (2010): 531–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5805/ksci.2010.12.4.531.
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Xiao-xia, Xu, Qian Guo-hong, Yang Fu-min, Yang Min, and Wang Xue-yan. "Determination of Blood Physiological and Biochemical Values of Blue Peafowl." Journal of Food and Nutrition Research 3, no. 2 (2015): 104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.12691/jfnr-3-2-5.
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Hauser, U. "Computer-aided EMG analysis: Normal values and their physiological determinants." Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 103, no. 1 (1997): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0013-4694(97)89068-6.
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Corno, Antonio F. "Normal temperature and flow: are the ‘physiological’ values so scary?" European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery 31, no. 4 (2007): 756. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejcts.2007.01.009.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Physiological Values"
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Manzo, Vida M. "The Effect of the Student Identity on Prosocial Values, Intentions, and Well-Being." Thesis, Northwestern University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10192366.
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<p> This dissertation aims to address a gap in the literature regarding the effect of the achievement-focused student identity on prosocial values and behaviors, specifically among students who predominantly value prosociality. Largely, research on identity and motivation addresses academic outcomes and psychological well-being outcomes (Settles, Sellers, & Damas, 2002; Jaret & Reitzes, 2009) while more recent literature that has addressed prosocial motives (Yeager, et al., 2015) has solely assessed academic performance outcomes. Drawing upon values literature (Schwartz, 1992) it can be inferred that the achievement-focused student identity may inhibit or decrease prosocial values and behaviors. Further, this may be particularly deleterious for the psychological well-being of students who hold prosociality as a central guiding feature of their self-concept. First, I examine whether certain social identities tend to have a higher tendency towards prosociality (Study 1). Second, I assess how a salient achievement-focused identity affects student behaviors (with particular attention to more prosocially inclined students) during a stressful academic situation (Study 2a & 2b). Next, I devise a novel measure to assess the centrality of prosociality to the self and perceptions of conflict between prosocial values and achievement-focused settings (Study 3). Then, I assess how a salient achievement-focused identity impacts prosocial values and behaviors, and offer a new "integrated" approach to the student identity. Last, I assess how this expanded and "integrated" identity influences students' academic perceptions and psychological well-being, specifically for those students who are more prosocially inclined (e.g., women and lower income) as well as for those who perceive higher levels of prosocial-achievement conflict (Study 4).</p>
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Manley, Peter Gwynne. "Effects of incremented loads over preferred values on psychophysical and selected gait kinematic factor." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015734.
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This study investigated the effects of incremented loads greater than maximal acceptable loads on selected locomotor kinematic and psychophysical variables for four different hand-held load-carriage methods. Ten male and ten female subjects, between the ages of 18 and 30, participated in four experimental sessions. Data collection involved obtaining selected anthropometric, strength, maximal load and preferred load, gait kinematic, and psychophysical values. The anthropometric, strength and load capacity variables enabled absolute and morphology normalised sex-based comparisons to be made. The kinematic and psychophysical parameters were used to quantify any changes from two sets of baseline values,"unloaded" and "maximal acceptable load" values, when loads were increased and carrying methods changed. Statistical analysis revealed that males were taller, heavier and stronger than females (p<0.05). Males chose significantly greater maximal acceptable loads and absolute maximal loads than females when expressed in their absolute or relative terms. Preferred walking speeds were not significantly different for unloaded or loaded conditions, although males walked significantly faster in absolute terms (but not in relative terms) than females. Different load carrying methods and incremented loads brought. about significant changes to several of the kinematic parameters investigated. Finally, ratings of perceived exertion, as well as the number of exertion sites, were seen to increase significantly as load increased. These values were not, however, significantly affected by differences in load carriage method.
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Al, Jahdhami Mansoor. "Physiological monitoring of welfare for conservation of Arabian oryx, Oryx leucoryx." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3024.
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The endangered Arabian oryx, Oryx leucoryx faces a wide range of issues that potentially have adverse effects on their welfare while they are free-ranging in their natural habitat, housed in captivity for conservation breeding or when they are translocated from the wild to captivity or vice versa. Furthermore, the global increase in the number of captive Arabian oryx (currently more than 95 % of the world population of about 8000 individuals), gives rise to particular concern for their welfare and health within captive conditions. Thorough assessment of the welfare of animals involves physiological and behavioural measures. Methods for assessment of welfare in Arabian oryx have not been established and the present studies aim at establishing physiological tools for assessment of welfare. Therefore, the present studies developed and applied new methods for non-invasive assessment of welfare in the Arabian oryx (using faecal samples), and established reference values for a range of haematological, biochemical and clinical parameters. The potential disturbances in these parameters were investigated after immobilisation and tranquillisation and post- transportation. Two enzyme immuno-assays (EIA I and II) for faecal glucocorticoid metabolites (FGM) were validated by stimulation and suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis through injection of synthetic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and dexamethasone, respectively. These studies established a lag-time of 14 ± 1 h between secretion of glucocorticoids into the blood stream and excretion of the measured FGM. Faecal incubation at 30°C for 3 days showed that EIA I measured more stable faecal glucocorticoid metabolites than EIA II, and has greater potential for application in field conditions. This method was found to be invaluable for measuring stress and hence assessment of welfare status, and its use is recommended in planning welfare improvements. Measurement of FGM successfully detected the stress of road transportation (630 km for 8-10 h), showing an increase 2 days after transport, followed by recovery to basal FGM levels after re-housing for up to 11 days. Releasing oryx to the wild, in Oman, and tracking for 11 days, after transportation 50-70 km from the captive site (Arabian Oryx Sanctuary, Jaaluni), caused an increase in FGM to the highest levels seen in these studies, and suggests a high level of stress was experienced after release of oryx. Published reference values for haematological, biochemical, hormonal and clinical parameters for Arabian oryx are limited, with little information for non-immobilised and non-tranquillised oryx or consideration of possible age and sex differences. Therefore, reference values and inter-percentile ranges (2.5 and 97.5 percentiles) were established for 32 parameters, in separate groups of male and female adult oryx, without using immobilising or tranquillising chemicals during capture. The haematological parameters investigated were white blood cell count and differentiation (%) of cell types (neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils), number of platelets, red blood cell count, haemoglobin concentration and haematocrit, erythrocyte cell volume, erythrocyte haemoglobin content and concentration, serum osmolality and ions (sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus). Biochemical parameters investigated were serum urea, glucose, total protein, albumin and plasma lactate concentrations. Clinical parameters investigated were body temperature, heart and respiratory rates. Hormonal parameters measured were cortisol, free-thyroxine, free-triiodothyronine and insulin concentrations. Near basal values for serum cortisol were measured in Arabian oryx sampled within 2 min, while values were significantly higher in oryx sampled within 5-10 min. The reference values established in these studies are considered valuable tools for diagnosis of disease and physiological alterations in male and female Arabian oryx. To investigate the possible effects of the common practice of immobilisation and tranquillisation on physiological and biochemical status, two restraint chemicals (xylazine and perphenazine enanthate) were evaluated. Xylazine (an immobilising agent) caused changes in many clinical, hormonal, haematological and biochemical parameters; respiratory rate decreased by 74 %, heart rate decreased by 58 %, causing a decrease in red blood cell count, haemoglobin concentration and haematocrit, serum albumin and total protein concentration. Xylazine also induced a decrease in serum insulin, which probably caused the observed increase in serum glucose. Perphenazine enanthate (a long-acting tranquilliser) was found to have no adverse effects on most parameters, which generally remained in the reference ranges. However, a reduction in blood haematocrit and related parameters (red blood cell count and plasma haemoglobin concentration) occurred, 1-3 days after injection. The tranquilliser also plays a role in reducing stress and significantly reduced serum cortisol 2-3 days after injection in oryx held in captivity compared to oryx that received a saline (control) injection. FGM increased significantly one day after injection of perphenazine enanthate and saline, suggesting the animals were initially stressed by the handling and venipuncture, taking into consideration the lag-time from cortisol secretion to appearance of FGM. The baseline concentration of serum cortisol was used in assessing the stress caused by handling before and after transporting Arabian oryx for 630 km (8-10 h) and the acute effects of handling and injections. Increased serum cortisol was always associated with leukocytosis, neutrophilia and lymphopenia. Serum cortisol of non-transported oryx was reduced by the tranquilliser perphenazine enanthate, but transportation of tranquillised Arabian oryx during hot ambient temperature (maximum 42 °C) resulted in fatigue and prevented reaching a clear conclusion of the role of the tranquilliser in reducing transport stress. Non-tranquillised oryx transported at a maximum of 26-30 °C showed a similar level of stress as implied by the level of faecal glucocorticoid metabolites, but without fatigue. However, the tranquilliser induced calmness in Arabian oryx for up to 7 days, which facilitated capture and handling. Therefore, perphenazine enanthate has a potential to be used in the management practices, such as movement and transport of Arabian oryx. This thesis discusses the current and future welfare issues that face Arabian oryx in captivity, upon release and in the wild. Additional methods are proposed for thorough assessment and improvement of welfare to complement the methods established by the present studies.
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Mahmood, Sultan. "Chemical treatment of salseed meal : effects on nutritional value and physiological effects in the fowl." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239024.
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Moulay, Leila. "Physiological studies in rats of the nutritional value of a cocoa powder derived bulking agent." Thesis, University of Salford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357121.
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Hopmeyer, Joanne. "Effect of physiologic parameters on the quantification of mitral regurgitation using the flow convergence method." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/10969.
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Van, der Westhuizen Anriette. "The verification of seat effective amplitude transmissibility (SEAT) value as a reliable metric to evaluate dynamic seat comfort." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/16453.
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Thesis (MScIng)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: A rough road vibration stimulus was reconstructed on a shaker platform to assess
the dynamic comfort of seven seats by six human subjects. The virtual seat
method was combined with a paired comparison procedure to assess subjective
dynamic seat comfort. The psychometric method of constants, 1-up-1-down Levitt
procedure and a 2-up-1-down Levitt procedure were compared experimentally to
find the most accurate and efficient paired comparison scheme. A two-track
interleaved, 2-up-1-down Levitt procedure was used for the subjective dynamic
seat comfort assessment. SEAT value is an objective metric and has been widely
used to determine seat vibration isolation efficiency. There was an excellent
correlation (R2 = 0.97) between the subjective ratings and estimated SEAT values
on the seat top when the values are averaged over the six subjects. This study
suggests that the SEAT values, estimated from averaged seat top transmissibility
of six carefully selected subjects, could be used to select the best seat for a
specific road vibration input.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Ses persone het deelgeneem aan ‘n eksperiment, om die dinamiese ritgemak van
sewe stoele te karakteriseer. ‘n Rowwe padvibrasie is vir die doel op ‘n
skudplatform geherkonstrueer. Subjektiewe ritgemak is bepaal deur die
virtuelestoel metode met ‘n gepaarde, vergelykingstoets te kombineer. Die
psigometriese metode van konstantes, die 1-op-1-af Levitt procedure en die 2-op-
1-af Levitt procedure is vergelyk om die mees effektiewe en akkurate
vergelykingstoets te vind. ‘n Tweebaan, vervlegde , 2-op-1-af Levitt prosedure het
die beste resultate gelewer en is gekies vir die subjektiewe evaluasie van
dinamiese ritgemak. SEAT-waarde is ‘n objektiewe maatstaf, wat gebruik word
om te bepaal hoe effektief ‘n stoel die insittende van voertuigvibrasie isoleer. Daar
was ‘n uitstekende korrelasie (R2 = 0.97) tussen subjektiewe dinamiese
ritgemakevaluesies en SEAT-waardes in die vertikale rigting op die stoelkussing
as die gemiddelde oor die ses persone bereken word. Uit die resultate van hierdie
studie blyk dit dat SEAT-waardes, wat bereken is vanaf die gemiddelde
sitplektransmissie van die ses persone, wat verteenwoordigend van die
teikenbevolking is, gebruik kan word om die beste stoel vir ‘n spesifieke
vibrasieinset te kies.
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Dalman, Mark R. "Characterization of Leptin Signaling in the Developing Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Using Molecular, Physiological, and Bioinformatic Approaches." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1418039468.
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Konduri, Suchitra. "The Influence of normal physiological forces on porcine aortic heart valves in a sterile ex-vivo pulsatile organ culture system." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005, 2005. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-03042005-135623/unrestricted/konduri%5Fsuchitra%5F200505%5Fmast.pdf.
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Thesis (M. S.)--Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005.<br>Dr. Athanassios Sambanis, Committee Member ; Dr. Timothy M. Wick, Committee Member ; Dr. Ajit P.Yoganathan, Committee Chair. Includes bibliographical references.
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Ballion, Tatiana. "Physiological Reactions to Uncanny Stimuli: Substantiation of Self-Assessment and Individual Perception." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5111.
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There is abundant anecdotal evidence substantiating Mori's initial observation of the "uncanny valley", a point at which human response to non-human entities drops sharply with respect to comfort (Mori, 1970), and the construct itself has a long-standing history in both Robotics and Psychology. Currently, many fields such as design, training, entertainment, and education make use of heuristic approaches to accommodate the anticipated needs of the user/consumer/audience in certain important aspects. This is due to the lack of empirical substantiation or, in some cases, the impossibility of rigorous quantification; one such area is with respect to the user's experience of uncanniness, a feeling of "eeriness" or "wrongness" when interacting with artefacts or environments. Uncanniness, however, continues to be defined and measured in a largely subjective way, and often after the fact; an experience or product's uncanny features are pointed out after the item has been markedly avoided or complained about by the general public. These studies are among the first seeking to determine a constellation of personality traits and physiological responses that incline the user to have a more frequent or profound “uncanny" reaction when presented with stimuli meeting the criteria for a level of "eeriness". In study 1, 395 adults were asked to categorize 200 images as uncanny, neutral, pleasant, or other. In Study 2, physiological and eye-tracking data was collected from twenty two adults as they viewed uncanny, neutral and pleasant images culled from study 1. This research identifies components of the uncanny valley related to subjective assessment, personality factors (using the HEXACO and Anthropomorphic Tendencies Scale), and biophysical measures, and found that traits unique to Emotionality on the HEXACO inventory, compounded with a form of anthropomorphism demonstrates a level of relationship to the subjective experience of uncanny stimuli. There is evidence that HEXACO type and forms of anthropomorphic perception mediates the biophysical expression and the subjective perception of the stimuli. In keeping with psychological hypotheses, stimuli to which the participants had greatest response centered on death, the threat of death, or mismatched/absent facial features.<br>ID: 031001349; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Adviser: .; Title from PDF title page (viewed April 19, 2013).; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2012.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 209-217).<br>Ph.D.<br>Doctorate<br>Psychology<br>Sciences<br>Psychology; Human Factors Psychology
Books on the topic "Physiological Values"
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System, International Species Inventory, and American Association of Zoo Veterinarians., eds. Average physiological values. ISIS, 1987.
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System, International Species Inventory, and American Association of Zoo Veterinarians., eds. Average physiological values. ISIS, 1989.
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System, International Species Inventory, and American Association of Zoo Veterinarians., eds. ISIS physiological data reference values. ISIS, 1995.
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Nichols, Church Helen, and Bowes Anna De Planter, eds. Food values of portions commonly used. Harper & Row, 1985.
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International Commission on Radiological Protection., ed. Basic anatomical and physiological data for use in radiological protection: Reference values. Published for the International Commission on Radiological Protection by Pergamon Press, 2003.
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1909-, Bourne Geoffrey H., ed. Aspects of food production, consumption, and energy values. Karger, 1990.
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Spungen, Douglass Judith, ed. Bowes & Church's food values of portions commonly used. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2005.
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Judith, Spungen, ed. Bowes & Church's food values of portions commonly used. Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2009.
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Bowes, Anna De Planter. Bowes and Church's food values of portions commonly used. J.B. Lippincott, 1993.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Physiological Values"
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Greger, R., and M. Bleich. "Normal Values for Physiological Parameters." In Comprehensive Human Physiology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60946-6_127.
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Chivela, Felisberto David Wandi, Zoltán Papp, and Edit Laufer. "Fuzzy Logic-Based Risk Assessment Evaluating Physiological Values." In NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security. Springer Netherlands, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-2308-2_5.
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Gross, David R. "General Principles of Animal Selection and Normal Physiological Values." In Animal Models in Cardiovascular Research. Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-95962-7_1.
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Roberts, Lee K., and Douglas B. Learn. "Sunscreen SPF Values and Immune Protection Levels Are Equivalent When Tests Are Conducted by Appropriate Methods and Procedures." In Sunscreen Photobiology: Molecular, Cellular and Physiological Aspects. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10135-3_8.
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Gassara, Olfa, Belkacem Chikhaoui, Rostom Mabrouk, and Shengrui Wang. "Deriving Physiological Information from PET Images Using Machine Learning." In Digital Health Transformation, Smart Ageing, and Managing Disability. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-43950-6_3.
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AbstractMachine learning (ML) algorithms have become popular in recent years and have found increasing utility in the field of medical imaging, specifically in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. The interest in ML in PET imaging for the study of neurodegenerative diseases stems from the potential of these techniques to analyze and predict the physiological parameters of biomarkers such as the total volume of distribution (V$$_{\text {t}}$$ t ) in the organ or a structure of the organ to be explored. In this paper, we investigated whether the V$$_{\text {t}}$$ t of [$$^{18}$$ 18 F]-FEPPA radiotracer, an indicator of neuroinflammation, could be estimated directly in a non-invasive way, given the activity of the radiotracer in brain tissue. The study used several regression models to predict the [$$^{18}$$ 18 F]-FEPPA V$$_{\text {t}}$$ t in different brain regions where 31 regions of interest were defined for each of 24 patients with Parkinson disease and 20 healthy subjects, and were used to train four tree-based regression models. The predicted and reference values were compared by Bland-Altman analysis and regression model’s performance was evaluated by the mean absolute error (MAE). The best result was obtained by the XGBoost model with a MAE of 2.6. Bland-Altman analysis results indicate that predicted V$$_{\text {t}}$$ t are in average very close to the reference with a bias of 0.23 "Image missing" 2.82. Significant main effect of genotype on [$$^{18}$$ 18 F]-FEPPA in both caudate and putamen have been preserved by predicted Vt values (p < 0.05). The results of paired t-test indicate that the difference between predicted and reference V$$_{\text {t}}$$ t is not statistically significant in 6 out of 8 groups. The proposed algorithms provide a non-invasive and efficient tool to predict [$$^{18}$$ 18 F]-FEPPA V$$_{\text {t}}$$ t values, a hallmark of neuroinflammation that is believed to be a potential trigger for Parkinson’s disease development.
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Petkow-Dimitrow, Paweł. "The Range of Normal Values for Coronary Flow Reserve and Lesion-Specific Physiological Measurements." In Coronary flow reserve - measurement and application: Focus on transthoracic Doppler echocardiography. Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1125-0_2.
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Gawroński, W., A. Zuchowicz, and Z. Szyguła. "The Level of some Biochemical and Physiological Values in Special Tests of Canoe Slalom Racers." In Advances in Ergometry. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76442-4_71.
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Fisher, Charles R. "Toward an Appreciation of Hydrothennal-Vent Animals: Their Environment, Physiological Ecology, and Tissue Stable Isotope Values." In Seafloor Hydrothermal Systems: Physical, Chemical, Biological, and Geological Interactions. American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gm091p0297.
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Grasaasen, Anne. "Families Living with Anticipatory Grief; How Can We Both Understand and Explain?" In Palgrave Texts in Counselling and Psychotherapy. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-38111-9_5.
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AbstractIllness as a phenomenon consists of both physiological conditions and narratives. When children have serious illnesses and death becomes the frame of family life, systemic perspectives can expand causal explanations by providing descriptions of illness within a frame of relational values. In encounters with parents dealing with anticipatory grief, therapists must attempt to create alliance also with scientific discourses. Only then can we offer the best care to families who need us to both explain and understand. Social constructionism as a scientific theoretical perspective offers dialogue and philosophical ideas about how to create an interdisciplinary practice. Cooperation across disciplines can also improve our ability to be relationally engaged with those we are to help.
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Andreu-Hayles, Laia, Mathieu Lévesque, Rossella Guerrieri, Rolf T. W. Siegwolf, and Christian Körner. "Limits and Strengths of Tree-Ring Stable Isotopes." In Stable Isotopes in Tree Rings. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92698-4_14.
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AbstractThis chapter aims at summarizing strengths and caveats on the suitability of stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in tree rings as recorders for fingerprints of environmental influences. First, environmental constraints limiting tree growth and shaping tree species distribution worldwide are discussed. Second, examples are presented for environmental conditions under which tree-ring isotopes record environmental signals particularly well, but also cases where physiological processes can mask climate signals. Third, the link between leaf-level carbon assimilation and the investment of assimilates in the stem during the annual ring formation are discussed in light of the resulting deviations of the isotopic values between leaves and tree rings. Finally, difficulties and pitfalls in the interpretation of stable isotope signals in tree rings are reviewed. These problems often result from a poor understanding of when and how the tree canopy, stems and roots are physiologically interconnected. Current literature suggests that photosynthesis and radial growth are only loosely coupled, if at all, challenging the interpretation of environmental signals recorded in tree-ring isotopes. Harsh environmental conditions (e.g. low temperatures, drought) often result in a decoupling of carbon assimilation and growth. The chapter closes by providing possible solutions on how to improve the detection of environmental information from stable isotope signals by integrating scales and different methodological approaches.
Conference papers on the topic "Physiological Values"
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Jain, Prateek, Amit M. Joshi, and Saraju P. Mohanty. "iGLU 4.1: An Intelligent Framework of Diabetes Prediction using Glucose-Insulin Values and Physiological Parameters." In 2024 IEEE International Symposium on Smart Electronic Systems (iSES). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/ises63344.2024.00073.
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Alabdulgader, Omar S. "Corrosion Resistance Study of Additively Manufactured Stainless Steel in Physiological Solution." In CONFERENCE 2024. AMPP, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2024-20771.
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Abstract The purpose of this paper is to study the corrosion resistance performance and requirements of AM biomedical implants as well as to characterize the corrosion behavior of Additive Manufactured 316L stainless steel in simulated physiological environment. The corrosion performance and mechanical properties of additively manufactured 316L stainless steel material in simulated physiological environment was studied. In the efforts of improving the reliability of Additive Manufactured biomedical devices, this research focuses on studying the corrosion, microstructural and mechanical properties of Additive Manufactured 316L stainless steel. It evaluates corrosion resistance through characterizing the corrosion behavior using cyclic anodic polarization tests in simulated physiological environment. In this experiment, the properties of 316L stainless steel parts manufactured using Selective Laser Melting SLM technique have been studied. Cyclic potentiodynamic polarization test indicated that additive manufactured materials had slightly lower corrosion resistance than the casted stainless steel parts of the same grade. This was evident by the difficulty of regenerating a stable and protective passive oxide layer at room temperature as well as the instability of passivation at higher temperatures. Moreover, the additive manufactured samples showed a higher yield strength than the casted samples but lower values for elongation and ultimate tensile stress.
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Rybář, Jan, Jozef Leja, Štefan Dunaj, Andrej Smetánka, and Peter Onderčo. "New Design Solution of Reference Device with Model Eye." In 10th International Scientific Conference on Advances in Mechanical Engineering. Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4028/p-4rpw7b.
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The article presents a novel design solution comprising a base, a model eye, and a compressor, intended for a standard device used to calibrate eye tonometers. This device reliably generates values of intraocular pressure and related ophthalmological parameters. It is founded on the principles of objectivity and independence in metrological control, with direct traceability to the basic units of the International System of Units. The proposed design represents the next stage in the development of standard devices, addressing various metrologically unverified parameters within medical metrology, particularly values of intraocular pressure. Intraocular pressure is closely associated with glaucoma, a condition where elevated intraocular pressure leads to irreversible physiological changes in the eye. The presented technical solution establishes the foundation for robust metrological assurance of devices with measuring functions in this domain.
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Hansen, Douglas C., H. Brent Bamberger, Vivien F. Fongue, Kevin C. Janek, and Peter Sjöblom. "Seizing of Ti6Al7Nb Orthopedic Constructs in Vitro." In CORROSION 2012. NACE International, 2012. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2012-01549.
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Abstract This study was undertaken to determine if it was possible to reproduce the seizing or galling of locking head screws to the fracture fixation plate in a first generation locking plate system, namely the Less Invasive Stabilization System (LISS) that has been reported in the literature involving Ti alloy plate-screw orthopedic constructs in clinical practice. To better understand the parameters that lead to seizing by galling or other phenomena in these constructs, the phenomena must first be reproduced in vitro. Physical and electrochemical measurements were made in the laboratory on individual LISS plate-screw constructs under near physiological conditions (i.e. at 37° C in fetal bovine serum, FBS) at different torque values for up to 12 month exposures. An identical set of plate-screw constructs were immersed in Hanks Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) and exposed under identical conditions as controls. Preliminary comparison between the two sets of constructs indicate that no galling or thread stripping was detected in either sets of constructs, but seizing did occur on some constructs exposed to the FBS after 9 and 12 months whereas no seizing has been observed in the HBSS exposures to date (3 months). These results suggest that protein adhesion between the plate-screw interface may play a role in the seizing of the construct.
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Weimer, Paul J., and Thomas K. Ng. "Use of Two-Stage Continuous Culture to Assess Biocorrosion by Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria." In CORROSION 1988. NACE International, 1988. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1988-88090.
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Abstract Corrosion of carbon steel and 304 stainless steel by free-floating cells of an oilfield culture of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans was investigated using a novel two-stage continuous culture apparatus. The apparatus consisted of two 2-liter vessels connected in series and maintained under anaerobic conditions. The first vessel was continuously fed a chemically-defined medium containing lactate as sole energy source and growth-limiting nutrient, and was sparged with N2 or a N2/CO2 mixture. The second vessel received the overflow from the first vessel, but no sparge and no additional nutrients. Consequently, the two vessels had nearly identical environmental parameters (temperature, pH, reactant and product concentrations, and cell density) but varied with respect to the physiological state of the cells (growing vs. resting states). Corrosion rates in the growing-cell vessels always considerably exceeded those in the resting-cell vessel, indicating the importance of microbial activity in the corrosion process. However, significant corrosion was also observed in uninoculated control chemostats continuously fed a sterile synthetic spent medium, indicating that bacterial metabolites themselves are major contributors to the corrosion process. Experiments performed at different pH values and medium feed rates suggest that the Desulfovibrio cells themselves only enhance corrosion at low pH and rapid growth rates.
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Moraes Frade, Maria Cecília, Thomas Beltrame, Mariana De Oliveira Gois, et al. "Checking true VO2max values by supramaximal exercise testing: physiological insights." In ERS International Congress 2021 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2021.pa411.
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Easton, Jonathan F., Adriana Robles-Cabrera, Ruben Fossion, Ana Leonor Rivera, and Christopher R. Stephens. "Thoughts on the use of standard cut-off values for physiological health indicators." In 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOINFORMATICS, BIOTECHNOLOGY, AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (BIOMIC 2018). Author(s), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5095921.
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Omata, Masaki, and Naho Kiriyama. "A Model for Estimating Subjective Evaluation Values of Video Degradation from Viewers’ Physiological Signals." In 35th International BCS Human-Computer Interaction Conference. BCS Learning & Development, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14236/ewic/hci2022.23.
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Holcomb, Matthew D., Steven T. Slusher, Divakar Rajamohan, Lloyd H. Back, Milind Jog, and Rupak K. Banerjee. "Basal to Near Hyperemic Pulsatile Flow in a Deployed Coronary Stent." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-43148.
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The present study focuses on developing basal to near hyperemic flow through the entrance region of a deployed stent in a coronary artery segment. Stents that are presently available in market differ significantly in design. Hence, there is a need to optimize its design such that the magnitude of wall shear stress is within physiologic limit, thus minimizing the patho-physiological effects. For near hyperemic flow, the analysis showed a 20 fold increase in the positive values of wall shear stress at the stent wires exposed to the blood flow. Further, at the void next to the entrance, the wall shear stress was an order of magnitude lower than the values typically observed in similar downstream regions.
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Secan, Cristina, and Sunhilde Cuc. "Aspects Regarding the Physiological and Comfort Parameters in Shoes Made of Leather Substitutes." In The 9th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Systems. INCDTP - Leather and Footwear Research Institute (ICPI), Bucharest, Romania, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24264/icams-2022.iv.13.
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The issue of replacing natural leather with leather substitutes is increasingly common in the leather goods industry. In this paper, it was addressed the issue of ensuring the physiological and comfort parameters when wearing leather substitute shoes. The aim of the paper is to analyze how the sanogenetic indicators influence the hygienic properties of footwear products starting from the porosity of the materials subjected to experimental determinations. Poromeric skin substitutes will be used, which allow the passage of water vapor and air. Both types of leather substitutes for shoe uppers and some types of textile materials for linings will be subjected to laboratory analysis, using the pycnometric method. In conclusion, the values obtained for porosity fall between 47 and 58%, limits also provided by the specialized literature. It is noted that the porosity values of leather substitutes are close to those of chrome-tanned leather, so as a result, the value of leather substitutes use will increase (they have sanogenetic properties similar to natural leather). Currently, leather substitutes are used more and more in the manufacture of footwear products, because they maintain a thermal transfer balance between the foot and the surrounding environment, favoring the elimination of moisture produced by the foot when wearing the footwear in the outdoor environment.
Reports on the topic "Physiological Values"
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กาญจนทัต, อภิชาติ. โปรตีนไฮโดรไลเสตจากเมล็ดผลไม้ไทยเพื่อการบำบัดโรค : รายงานวิจัยฉบับสมบูรณ์ (ปีที่ 1). จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย, 2014. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.2014.89.
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Blood pressure regulation is partially dependent on the renin-angiotensin system; renin acts on angiotensinogen to release angiotensin-I, which is further converted into the angiotensin II by the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE). ACE plays a key physiological role in the regulation of blood pressure by virtue of two different reactions that it catalyzes: conversion of the inactive angiotensin I to the powerful vasoconstrictor angiotensin II, and inactivation of the vasodilator bradykinin. Crude extract and ammonium sulphate cut protein extracts, and their pepsin-pancreatin hydrolysates, from the seeds of 4 Thai fruits (i) Carica papaya L.; (papaya; unripen and ripen form), (ii) Nephelium lappaceum L. (rambutan) (iii) Dimocarpus longan Lour. subsp. (longan), and (iv) Litchi chinensis Sonn. (lychee) were screened for their in vitro angiotensin I- converting enzyme inhibitory (ACEI) activity. The protein hydrolysate of lychee seeds shows the highest potential of ACE inhibitory activity at IC50 value 0.22±0.010 mg protein/ml. The protein hydrolysate of unripen papaya seeds, longan seeds, and lychee seeds show uncompetitive and non-competitive inhibition with Ki values at 6.02, 2.82, and 5.62 mg protein/ml, with optimum pH in range of 6-8. After partial purification with ultrafiltration technique, UF-3 (below 5 kDa) of longan seeds show the highest inhibitory activity with IC50 values at 0.43±0.011 mg protein/ml. This fraction was subjected to RP-HPLC and five peaks were separated, and subjected to LC/MS/MS for amino acids sequences analysis. The P1-F1, P3-F1, and P3-F4 show the most inhibitory activity.
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DeJonckere, P. H., B. Millet, R. Van Gool, et al. Reliability of Electro-physiologically Evoked Auditory Steady State Responses. Progress in Neurobiology, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.60124/j.pneuro.2024.10.03.
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The electrophysiological technique of auditory steady state responses (ASSR) makes possible objective hearing threshold definition, with frequency specificity. A high level of reliability is a basic requirement for applying this technique in a medicolegal context. 35 subjects affected by significant occupational noise induced hearing loss and claiming compensation underwent a thorough medical and audiological examination, including an analysis of the auditory steady state responses (ASSR) in order to objectively define hearing thresholds with frequency specificity, and ear-by-ear. In order to investigate the reproducibility of the thresholds obtained by this technique, the electrophysiological exploration was repeated immediately after the first test. An exhaustive statistical comparison of the results rejects the hypothesis of any significant difference between the results of both exams, whatever severity of hearing loss and frequency. All correlation coefficients (R and ICC) and Cronbach’s α values reach or exceed 0.9. Bland-Altman plots rule out systematic shifts, as well as proportional errors, or variations that depends on the magnitude of the measurements.
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Wideman, Jr., Robert F., Nicholas B. Anthony, Avigdor Cahaner, Alan Shlosberg, Michel Bellaiche, and William B. Roush. Integrated Approach to Evaluating Inherited Predictors of Resistance to Pulmonary Hypertension Syndrome (Ascites) in Fast Growing Broiler Chickens. United States Department of Agriculture, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7575287.bard.
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Background PHS (pulmonary hypertension syndrome, ascites syndrome) is a serious cause of loss in the broiler industry, and is a prime example of an undesirable side effect of successful genetic development that may be deleteriously manifested by factors in the environment of growing broilers. Basically, continuous and pinpointed selection for rapid growth in broilers has led to higher oxygen demand and consequently to more frequent manifestation of an inherent potential cardiopulmonary incapability to sufficiently oxygenate the arterial blood. The multifaceted causes and modifiers of PHS make research into finding solutions to the syndrome a complex and multi threaded challenge. This research used several directions to better understand the development of PHS and to probe possible means of achieving a goal of monitoring and increasing resistance to the syndrome. Research Objectives (1) To evaluate the growth dynamics of individuals within breeding stocks and their correlation with individual susceptibility or resistance to PHS; (2) To compile data on diagnostic indices found in this work to be predictive for PHS, during exposure to experimental protocols known to trigger PHS; (3) To conduct detailed physiological evaluations of cardiopulmonary function in broilers; (4) To compile data on growth dynamics and other diagnostic indices in existing lines selected for susceptibility or resistance to PHS; (5) To integrate growth dynamics and other diagnostic data within appropriate statistical procedures to provide geneticists with predictive indices that characterize resistance or susceptibility to PHS. Revisions In the first year, the US team acquired the costly Peckode weigh platform / individual bird I.D. system that was to provide the continuous (several times each day), automated weighing of birds, for a comprehensive monitoring of growth dynamics. However, data generated were found to be inaccurate and irreproducible, so making its use implausible. Henceforth, weighing was manual, this highly labor intensive work precluding some of the original objectives of using such a strategy of growth dynamics in selection procedures involving thousands of birds. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements 1. Healthy broilers were found to have greater oscillations in growth velocity and acceleration than PHS susceptible birds. This proved the scientific validity of our original hypothesis that such differences occur. 2. Growth rate in the first week is higher in PHS-susceptible than in PHS-resistant chicks. Artificial neural network accurately distinguished differences between the two groups based on growth patterns in this period. 3. In the US, the unilateral pulmonary occlusion technique was used in collaboration with a major broiler breeding company to create a commercial broiler line that is highly resistant to PHS induced by fast growth and low ambient temperatures. 4. In Israel, lines were obtained by genetic selection on PHS mortality after cold exposure in a dam-line population comprising of 85 sire families. The wide range of PHS incidence per family (0-50%), high heritability (about 0.6), and the results in cold challenged progeny, suggested a highly effective and relatively easy means for selection for PHS resistance 5. The best minimally-invasive diagnostic indices for prediction of PHS resistance were found to be oximetry, hematocrit values, heart rate and electrocardiographic (ECG) lead II waves. Some differences in results were found between the US and Israeli teams, probably reflecting genetic differences in the broiler strains used in the two countries. For instance the US team found the S wave amplitude to predict PHS susceptibility well, whereas the Israeli team found the P wave amplitude to be a better valid predictor. 6. Comprehensive physiological studies further increased knowledge on the development of PHS cardiopulmonary characteristics of pre-ascitic birds, pulmonary arterial wedge pressures, hypotension/kidney response, pulmonary hemodynamic responses to vasoactive mediators were all examined in depth. Implications, scientific and agricultural Substantial progress has been made in understanding the genetic and environmental factors involved in PHS, and their interaction. The two teams each successfully developed different selection programs, by surgical means and by divergent selection under cold challenge. Monitoring of the progress and success of the programs was done be using the in-depth estimations that this research engendered on the reliability and value of non-invasive predictive parameters. These findings helped corroborate the validity of practical means to improve PHT resistance by research-based programs of selection.
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Shani, Uri, Lynn Dudley, Alon Ben-Gal, Menachem Moshelion, and Yajun Wu. Root Conductance, Root-soil Interface Water Potential, Water and Ion Channel Function, and Tissue Expression Profile as Affected by Environmental Conditions. United States Department of Agriculture, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7592119.bard.
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Constraints on water resources and the environment necessitate more efficient use of water. The key to efficient management is an understanding of the physical and physiological processes occurring in the soil-root hydraulic continuum.While both soil and plant leaf water potentials are well understood, modeled and measured, the root-soil interface where actual uptake processes occur has not been sufficiently studied. The water potential at the root-soil interface (yᵣₒₒₜ), determined by environmental conditions and by soil and plant hydraulic properties, serves as a boundary value in soil and plant uptake equations. In this work, we propose to 1) refine and implement a method for measuring yᵣₒₒₜ; 2) measure yᵣₒₒₜ, water uptake and root hydraulic conductivity for wild type tomato and Arabidopsis under varied q, K⁺, Na⁺ and Cl⁻ levels in the root zone; 3) verify the role of MIPs and ion channels response to q, K⁺ and Na⁺ levels in Arabidopsis and tomato; 4) study the relationships between yᵣₒₒₜ and root hydraulic conductivity for various crops representing important botanical and agricultural species, under conditions of varying soil types, water contents and salinity; and 5) integrate the above to water uptake term(s) to be implemented in models. We have made significant progress toward establishing the efficacy of the emittensiometer and on the molecular biology studies. We have added an additional method for measuring ψᵣₒₒₜ. High-frequency water application through the water source while the plant emerges and becomes established encourages roots to develop towards and into the water source itself. The yᵣₒₒₜ and yₛₒᵢₗ values reflected wetting and drying processes in the rhizosphere and in the bulk soil. Thus, yᵣₒₒₜ can be manipulated by changing irrigation level and frequency. An important and surprising finding resulting from the current research is the obtained yᵣₒₒₜ value. The yᵣₒₒₜ measured using the three different methods: emittensiometer, micro-tensiometer and MRI imaging in both sunflower, tomato and corn plants fell in the same range and were higher by one to three orders of magnitude from the values of -600 to -15,000 cm suggested in the literature. We have added additional information on the regulation of aquaporins and transporters at the transcript and protein levels, particularly under stress. Our preliminary results show that overexpression of one aquaporin gene in tomato dramatically increases its transpiration level (unpublished results). Based on this information, we started screening mutants for other aquaporin genes. During the feasibility testing year, we identified homozygous mutants for eight aquaporin genes, including six mutants for five of the PIP2 genes. Including the homozygous mutants directly available at the ABRC seed stock center, we now have mutants for 11 of the 19 aquaporin genes of interest. Currently, we are screening mutants for other aquaporin genes and ion transporter genes. Understanding plant water uptake under stress is essential for the further advancement of molecular plant stress tolerance work as well as for efficient use of water in agriculture. Virtually all of Israel’s agriculture and about 40% of US agriculture is made possible by irrigation. Both countries face increasing risk of water shortages as urban requirements grow. Both countries will have to find methods of protecting the soil resource while conserving water resources—goals that appear to be in direct conflict. The climate-plant-soil-water system is nonlinear with many feedback mechanisms. Conceptual plant uptake and growth models and mechanism-based computer-simulation models will be valuable tools in developing irrigation regimes and methods that maximize the efficiency of agricultural water. This proposal will contribute to the development of these models by providing critical information on water extraction by the plant that will result in improved predictions of both water requirements and crop yields. Plant water use and plant response to environmental conditions cannot possibly be understood by using the tools and language of a single scientific discipline. This proposal links the disciplines of soil physics and soil physical chemistry with plant physiology and molecular biology in order to correctly treat and understand the soil-plant interface in terms of integrated comprehension. Results from the project will contribute to a mechanistic understanding of the SPAC and will inspire continued multidisciplinary research.
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Eshel, Amram, Jonathan P. Lynch, and Kathleen M. Brown. Physiological Regulation of Root System Architecture: The Role of Ethylene and Phosphorus. United States Department of Agriculture, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7585195.bard.
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Specific Objectives and Related Results: 1) Determine the effect of phosphorus availability on ethylene production by roots. Test the hypothesis that phosphorus availability regulates ethylene production Clear differences were found between the two plants that were studied. In beans ethylene production is affected by P nutrition, tissue type, and stage of development. There are genotypic differences in the rate of ethylene production by various root types and in the differential in ethylene production when P treatments are compared. The acceleration in ethylene production with P deficiency increases with time. These findings support the hypothesis that ethylene production may be enhanced by phosphorus deficiency, and that the degree of enhancement varies with genotype. In tomatoes the low-P level did not enhance significantly ethylene production by the roots. Wildtype cultivars and ethylene insensitive mutants behaved similarly in that respect. 2) Characterize the effects of phosphorus availability and ethylene on the architecture of whole root systems. Test the hypothesis that both ethylene and low phosphorus availability modify root architecture. In common bean, the basal roots give rise to a major fraction of the whole root system. Unlike other laterals these roots respond to gravitropic stimulation. Their growth angle determines the proportion of the root length in the shallow layers of the soil. A correlation between ethylene production and basal root angle was found in shallow rooted but not deep-rooted genotypes, indicating that acceleration of ethylene synthesis may account for the change in basal root angle in genotypes demonstrating a plastic response to P availability. Short-time gravitropic response of the tap roots of young bean seedlings was not affected by P level in the nutrient solution. Low phosphorus specifically increases root hair length and root hair density in Arabidopsis. We tested 7 different mutants in ethylene perception and response and in each case, the response to low P was lower than that of the wild-type. The extent of reduction in P response varied among the mutants, but every mutant retained some responsiveness to changes in P concentration. The increase in root hair density was due to the increase in the number of trichoblast cell files under low P and was not mediated by ethylene. Low P did not increase the number of root hairs forming from atrichoblasts. This is in contrast to ethylene treatment, which increased the number of root hairs partly by causing root hairs to form on atrichoblasts. 3) Assess the adaptive value of root architectural plasticity in response to phosphorus availability. A simulation study indicated that genetic variation for root architecture in common bean may be related to adaptation to diverse competitive environments. The fractal dimension of tomato root system was directly correlated with P level.
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Blum, Abraham, and Henry T. Nguyen. Molecular Tagging of Drought Resistance in Wheat: Osmotic Adjustment and Plant Productivity. United States Department of Agriculture, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7580672.bard.
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Drought stress is a major limitation to bread wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) productivity and its yield stability in arid and semi-arid regions of world including parts of Israel and the U.S. Currently, breeding for sustained yields under drought stress is totally dependent on the use of yield and several key physiological attributes as selection indices. The attempt to identify the optimal genotype by evaluating the phenotype is undermining progress in such breeding programs. Osmotic adjustment (OA) is an effective drought resistance mechanism in many crop plants. Evidence exists that there is a genetic variation for OA in wheat and that high OA capacity supports wheat yields under drought stress. The major objective of this research was to identify molecular markers (RFLPs, restriction fragment length polymorphisms; and AFLPs, amplified fragment length polymorph isms) linked to OA as a major attribute of drought resistance in wheat and thus to facilitate marker-assisted selection for drought resistance. We identified high and low OA lines of wheat and from their cross developed recombinant inbred lines (RILs) used in the molecular tagging of OA in relation to drought resistance in terms of plant production under stress. The significant positive co-segregation of OA, plant water status and yield under stress in this RIL population provided strong support for the important role of OA as a drought resistance mechanism sustaining wheat production under drought stress. This evidence was obtained in addition to the initial study of parental materials for constructing this RIL population, which also gave evidence for a strong correlation between OA and grain yield under stress. This research therefore provides conclusive evidence on the important role of OA in sustaining wheat yield under drought stress. The measurement of OA is difficult and the selection for drought resistance by the phenotypic expression of OA is practically impossible. This research provided information on the genetic basis of OA in wheat in relations to yield under stress. It provided the basic information to indicate that molecular marker assisted selection for OA in wheat is possible. The RIL population has been created by a cross between two agronomic spring wheat lines and the high OA recombinants in this population presented very high OA values, not commonly observed in wheat. These recombinants are therefore an immediate valuable genetic recourse for breeding well-adapted drought resistant wheat in Texas and Israel. We feel that this work taken as a whole eliminate the few previous speculated . doubts about the practical role of OA as an important mechanism of drought resistance in economic crop plants. As such it should open the way, in terms of both concept and the use of marker assisted selection, for improving drought resistance in wheat by deploying high osmotic adjustment.
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Brosh, Arieh, David Robertshaw, Yoav Aharoni, Zvi Holzer, Mario Gutman, and Amichai Arieli. Estimation of Energy Expenditure of Free Living and Growing Domesticated Ruminants by Heart Rate Measurement. United States Department of Agriculture, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7580685.bard.
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Research objectives were: 1) To study the effect of diet energy density, level of exercise, thermal conditions and reproductive state on cardiovascular function as it relates to oxygen (O2) mobilization. 2) To validate the use of heart rate (HR) to predict energy expenditure (EE) of ruminants, by measuring and calculating the energy balance components at different productive and reproductive states. 3) To validate the use of HR to identify changes in the metabolizable energy (ME) and ME intake (MEI) of grazing ruminants. Background: The development of an effective method for the measurement of EE is essential for understanding the management of both grazing and confined feedlot animals. The use of HR as a method of estimating EE in free-ranging large ruminants has been limited by the availability of suitable field monitoring equipment and by the absence of empirical understanding of the relationship between cardiac function and metabolic rate. Recent developments in microelectronics provide a good opportunity to use small HR devices to monitor free-range animals. The estimation of O2 uptake (VO2) of animals from their HR has to be based upon a consistent relationship between HR and VO2. The question as to whether, or to what extent, feeding level, environmental conditions and reproductive state affect such a relationship is still unanswered. Studies on the basic physiology of O2 mobilization (in USA) and field and feedlot-based investigations (in Israel) covered a , variety of conditions in order to investigate the possibilities of using HR to estimate EE. In USA the physiological studies conducted using animals with implanted flow probes, show that: I) although stroke volume decreases during intense exercise, VO2 per one heart beat per kgBW0.75 (O2 Pulse, O2P) actually increases and measurement of EE by HR and constant O2P may underestimate VO2unless the slope of the regression relating to heart rate and VO2 is also determined, 2) alterations in VO2 associated with the level of feeding and the effects of feeding itself have no effect on O2P, 3) both pregnancy and lactation may increase blood volume, especially lactation; but they have no effect on O2P, 4) ambient temperature in the range of 15 to 25°C in the resting animal has no effect on O2P, and 5) severe heat stress, induced by exercise, elevates body temperature to a sufficient extent that 14% of cardiac output may be required to dissipate the heat generated by exercise rather than for O2 transport. However, this is an unusual situation and its affect on EE estimation in a freely grazing animal, especially when heart rate is monitored over several days, is minor. In Israel three experiments were carried out in the hot summer to define changes in O2P attributable to changes in the time of day or In the heat load. The animals used were lambs and young calves in the growing phase and highly yielding dairy cows. In the growing animals the time of day, or the heat load, affected HR and VO2, but had no effect on O2P. On the other hand, the O2P measured in lactating cows was affected by the heat load; this is similar to the finding in the USA study of sheep. Energy balance trials were conducted to compare MEI recovery by the retained energy (RE) and by EE as measured by HR and O2P. The trial hypothesis was that if HR reliably estimated EE, the MEI proportion to (EE+RE) would not be significantly different from 1.0. Beef cows along a year of their reproductive cycle and growing lambs were used. The MEI recoveries of both trials were not significantly different from 1.0, 1.062+0.026 and 0.957+0.024 respectively. The cows' reproductive state did not affect the O2P, which is similar to the finding in the USA study. Pasture ME content and animal variables such as HR, VO2, O2P and EE of cows on grazing and in confinement were measured throughout three years under twenty-nine combinations of herbage quality and cows' reproductive state. In twelve grazing states, individual faecal output (FO) was measured and MEI was calculated. Regression analyses of the EE and RE dependent on MEI were highly significant (P<0.001). The predicted values of EE at zero intake (78 kcal/kgBW0.75), were similar to those estimated by NRC (1984). The EE at maintenance condition of the grazing cows (EE=MEI, 125 kcal/kgBW0.75) which are in the range of 96.1 to 125.5 as presented by NRC (1996 pp 6-7) for beef cows. Average daily HR and EE were significantly increased by lactation, P<0.001 and P<0.02 respectively. Grazing ME significantly increased HR and EE, P<0.001 and P<0.00l respectively. In contradiction to the finding in confined ewes and cows, the O2P of the grazing cows was significantly affected by the combined treatments (P<0.00l ); this effect was significantly related to the diet ME (P<0.00l ) and consequently to the MEI (P<0.03). Grazing significantly increased O2P compared to confinement. So, when EE of grazing animals during a certain season of the year is estimated using the HR method, the O2P must be re measured whenever grazing ME changes. A high correlation (R2>0.96) of group average EE and of HR dependency on MEI was also found in confined cows, which were fed six different diets and in growing lambs on three diets. In conclusion, the studies conducted in USA and in Israel investigated in depth the physiological mechanisms of cardiovascular and O2 mobilization, and went on to investigate a wide variety of ruminant species, ages, reproductive states, diets ME, time of intake and time of day, and compared these variables under grazing and confinement conditions. From these combined studies we can conclude that EE can be determined from HR measurements during several days, multiplied by O2P measured over a short period of time (10-15 min). The study showed that RE could be determined during the growing phase without slaughtering. In the near future the development microelectronic devices will enable wide use of the HR method to determine EE and energy balance. It will open new scopes of physiological and agricultural research with minimizes strain on animals. The method also has a high potential as a tool for herd management.
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Fallik, Elazar, Robert Joly, Ilan Paran, and Matthew A. Jenks. Study of the Physiological, Molecular and Genetic Factors Associated with Postharvest Water Loss in Pepper Fruit. United States Department of Agriculture, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7593392.bard.
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The fruit of pepper (Capsicum annuum) commonly wilts (or shrivels) during postharvest storage due to rapid water loss, a condition that greatly reduces its shelf life and market value. The fact that pepper fruit are hollow, and thus have limited water content, only exacerbates this problem in pepper. The collaborators on this project completed research whose findings provided new insight into the genetic, physiological, and biochemical basis for water loss from the fruits of pepper (Capsicum annuum and related Capsicum species). Well-defined genetic populations of pepper were used in this study, the first being a series of backcross F₁ and segregating F₂, F₃, and F₄ populations derived from two original parents selected for having dramatic differences in fruit water loss rate (very high and very low water loss). The secondly population utilized in these studies was a collection of 50 accessions representing world diversity in both species and cultivar types. We found that an unexpectedly large amount of variation was present in both fruit wax and cutin composition in these collections. In addition, our studies revealed significant correlations between the chemical composition of both the fruit cuticular waxes and cutin monomers with fruit water loss rate. Among the most significant were that high alkane content in fruit waxes conferred low fruit water loss rates and low permeability in fruit cuticles. In contrast, high amounts of terpenoids (plus steroidal compounds) were associated with very high fruit water loss and cuticle permeability. These results are consistent with our models that the simple straight chain alkanes pack closely together in the cuticle membrane and obstruct water diffusion, whereas lipids with more complex 3-dimensional structure (such as terpenoids) do not pack so closely, and thus increase the diffusion pathways. The backcross segregating populations were used to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with water loss (using DART markers, Diversity Arrays Technology LTD). These studies resulted in identification of two linked QTLs on pepper’s chromosome 10. Although the exact genetic or physiological basis for these QTLs function in water loss is unknown, the genotypic contribution in studies of near-isogenic lines selected from these backcross populations reveals a strong association between certain wax compounds, the free fatty acids and iso-alkanes. There was also a lesser association between the water loss QTLs with both fruit firmness and total soluble sugars. Results of these analyses have revealed especially strong genetic linkages between fruit water loss, cuticle composition, and two QTLs on chromosome 10. These findings lead us to further speculate that genes located at or near these QTLs have a strong influence on cuticle lipids that impact water loss rate (and possibly, whether directly or indirectly, other traits like fruit firmness and sugar content). The QTL markers identified in these studies will be valuable in the breeding programs of scientists seeking to select for low water loss, long lasting fruits, of pepper, and likely the fruits of related commodities. Further work with these newly developed genetic resources should ultimately lead to the discovery of the genes controlling these fruit characteristics, allowing for the use of transgenic breeding approaches toward the improvement of fruit postharvest shelf life.
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Лукаш, ,. Людмила Вікторівна. The didactic model of education of the future elementary school teachers to activities for the prevention of violations of children’s posture. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wyzszej Szkoly Informatyki i Umiejetnosci, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/0564/1459.
Full textAbstract:
The state of musculoskeletal system incidence of pupils of secondary schools remains a pressing problem in all regions of Ukraine, in spite of significant achievements in this direction. The determination of the readiness of teachers and senior students of pedagogical college for implementation of health-keeping technologies, which are aimed at creating a physiological posture of schoolchildren, to the educational process was conducted by our questioning method. 95% of teachers and 77.6% of students (according to polls) need methodological assistance for effective use of health-keeping technologies. We consider the main task of high school to be an optimization of the informational flow regarding health-keeping during the educational process and adaptation of the ways of presenting information to the perception of modern youth. The self-education has a great value for getting mastery, so it is necessary that a student or a teacher could have a wide access to both literature and electronic media. The Internet conferences, Internet sites, electronic textbooks, computer programs will be useful.
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Liao, Jianhua, Jingting Liu, Baoqing Liu, Chunyan Meng, and Peiwen Yuan. Effect of OIP5-AS1 on clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of cancer patients: a meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.10.0118.
Full textAbstract:
Review question / Objective: According to recent studies, long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs) i.e., OPA-interacting protein 5 antisense RNA 1 (OIP5-AS1) has an important role in various carcinomas. However, its role in the cancer is contradictory. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the link between OIP5-AS1 and cancer patients' clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis to better understand OIP5-AS1's role in cancer. Condition being studied: Reported studies have revealed that long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs) are considerably involved in crucial physiological events in several carcinomas, it can inhibit or promote the occurrence and development of tumors by changing the sequence and spatial structure, modulating epigenetic, regulating the expression level and interacting with binding proteins. However, the mechanism of cancer regulation via lncRNAs was incompletely understood. Hence, clarifying the application value of lncRNAs in preclinical and clinical disease diagnosis and treatment was therefore the prime objective in the field of cancer research at the time.