Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Physique – Enseignement secondaire'
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Martin, Jean-Luc. "La politique de l'éducation physique sous la Ve République : enseignement secondaire." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998IEPP0013.
Full textFor more than twenty years, the history of physical education in France has been the topic of a large amount of research work. Although these studies are based on both historical and sociological facts, they nevertheless often overlook a most important period in French history, namely the Fifth Republic moreover, the very few authors who have actually dealt with this period have failed to take into account the political dimension of the recent past of physical education. In the present research work, we have endeavoured to analyse and shed a new light on the lesser known aspects of the history of physical education between 1958 and 1997, i. E. : the goals and will of the various governments, the strategies adopted by teachers' professional organizations, the decisions that were reached to balance the contradictory interests and opinions which confront each other within the world of physical education. We have their laid the stress on the major part played by French minister of sports Maurice Herzog between 1958 and 1966 in the dramatic increase of the means granted to this discipline and the changes in its contents. We have also highlighted the impending threats on the very existence of physical education between 1967 and 1980 on account of government policy and the conflicts it entailed. Last but not least, we have related the various stages of the gradual integration of physical education into the structures of the ministry of national education. In this research work, we have mainly relied on documentary administrative and political sources provided by the national archives, on union press and on various testimonies from people involved in the history of physical education at the time. We have attempted to prove that the conceptual evolution and institutional implanting of physical education in the ministry of education was as much, if not more, due to essentially political analyses and decisions as to evolving ideas and changing attitudes
Boilevin, Jean-Marie. "Conception et analyse du fonctionnement d'un dispositif de formation initiale d'enseignants de physique - chimie utilisant des savoirs issus de la recherche en didactique : un modèle d'activité et des cadres d'analyse des interactions en classe." Aix-Marseille 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX1A001.
Full textDumas-Carré, Andrée. "La résolution de problèmes en physique au lycée : le procédural : apprentissage et évaluation." Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA077070.
Full textBordes, Pascal. "L'organisation de la classe d'éducation physique : modalités de regroupement, relations interpersonnelles et progrès des élèves." Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA05H072.
Full textHbiriq, Abderrahmane. "Interprétation des objectifs pédagogiques généraux de l'éducation physique et opérationnalisation de ces objectifs par des éducateurs physiques de Casablanca." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29321.
Full textGomatos, Léonidas. "Résolution de problèmes de physique en petits groupes : apports et difficultés." Paris 7, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA070088.
Full textThis research work refers to verbal interactions between students who solve physics problems in groups. The principal interest is the evolution of problem representation of students during the solution and the possibilities of didactic intervention in this evolution. Two experiments are designed and realised. One concerns a class of tenth grade students of a senior high school in athens. The students of this class solve problems in mechanics in groups during a whole school year. The other is realised in a class of 16 years old students in the technical school of sparta. The domain this time is elementary thermodynamics. An intermediate symbolism is introduced in this class in order to facilitate the elaboration of problem representation of students who solve in groups. Through an analysis, chiefly qualitative, of verbal interactions the following points are supported : students who solve in groups are generaly coherent and they exploit the multitude of verbal exchanges during the group discussion but the synthesis of the various ideas is not systematically facilitated. The intermediate symbolism helped the communication between the members of the group and it seems to be a potential means of support of the collective solution
Robardet, Guy. "Didactique des sciences physiques et formation des maîtres : contribution à l'analyse d'un objet naissant." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10239.
Full textBeaufils, Daniel. "L' ordinateur outil de laboratoire dans l'enseignement des sciences physiques : propositions pour la construction d'activités : première analyse des difficultés et des compétences requises chez les élèves de lycée." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA077292.
Full textRichoux, Hélène. "Rôles des expériences quantitatives dans l'enseignement de la physique au lycée." Paris 7, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA070001.
Full textRigaut, Matthieu. "L'épreuve écrite de physique au baccalauréat : analyse du point de vue du contrat didactique." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA070042.
Full textThis research paper aims at setting the ground for a larger research, which consists in highlighting the possible link between the acknowledgement of a didactic contract and scholastic achievement. In that respect, we first refer to some of the effects of the didactic contract that have already been brought forward in the past. Secondly, we apply the contract to the specific field of the teaching of physics, bringing to the fore its omnipresence through a number of concrete examples. We do admit that the existence of a link between the acknowledgement of a didactic contract and scholastic achievement has already been suggested. Thirdly, thanks to interviews and questionnaires, we show that the usual didactic contract is rather well known among the majority of students. Therefore, we finally propose a grid to have a feedback on work instructions from the students themselves, especially regarding the degree of autonomy allowed to them. With that grid, we analyse the official syllabus as well as the tests given to French high-school students for their graduation. As a result, though certain findings were somehow predictable, others were quite unexpected, as for instance the relative lack of instructions regarding general knowledge or conclusions to be drawn at the end of a problem study. The end of our research demonstrates that the user-friendly grid that was elaborated has proven a usefûl tool to anticipate thé modifications that may be required in thé making of tests to comply with their objectives
Becu-Robinault, Karine. "Rôle de l'expérience en classe de physique dans l'acquisition des connaissances sur les phénomènes énergétiques." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10050.
Full textLamouchi, Chebbi Kaouthar. "Les graphiques comme aide à la compréhension de la physique : cas de la cinématique au secondaire tunisien." Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05H056.
Full textIn this work, we propose the use of qualitative graphics to help understanding the different kinematics concepts (velocity, acceleration. . . ) for Tunisian students in 3d year secondary school. Until now this conceptsare presented under a purely mathematical form. The fact of using other representations different from algebric ones may help students to understand. Students are invited to think qualitatively about information included in different graphs of motion. The results show that the majority of the students participating in the study become more independent towards formulas and algorithmic procedures than the ones following a classic learning
Coltice, Michelle. "La danse au collège : le modèle de "pratiquant culturé"." Lyon 2, 2000. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2000/coltice_m.
Full textRouffiac-Missonnier, Marie-France. "Mise en évidence de chemins d'apprentissage des élèves lors d'une ingénierie didactique d'électrocinétique." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA070048.
Full textThe study is concerned with a process of didactic in connection with the teaching of electricity in a grade 10 class - seconde in France - of a french secondary school. Previous analysis has led us to put to the test four hypotheses respectively founded on a grasp of the prerequisites, on a previous energetic approach of the electric circuit as well on a qualitative approach and on a separate presentation of the concepts. Putting these hypotheses into practice in the researcher's class first, then in other classes and eventually in other academies has resulted in the discovery of : learning helps such as a command of the prerequisites, or of a qualitative approach which is facilitated in homogeneous groups and also made easier by remedial work ; the exitence of learning paths in the concept of intensity ; unsolved difficulties or problems such as the transition towards formalism ; the elaboration of a knowledge of a different nature by the students themselves
Feller, Ivan. "Usage scolaire de documents d'origine non scolaire en sciences physiques : éléments pour un état des lieux et étude d'impact d'un accompagnement ciblé en classe de seconde." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA070010.
Full textIt is currently advised for to organise some activities in which students can analyse and criticise documents aiming at public understanding of science. Here, we document the use of such documents - in this case paper documents with images - in the classroom. Our perspective is not to envisage only their potential in terms of students' curiosity but to consider as well possible conceptual benefits. After having collected some elements of investigation about the state of affairs in this respect, in students and teachers in France, we designed and evaluated a teaching sequence, three successive years, each time with a standard group at grade 10 level. Organised with a view to minimising the perturbation of the standard teaching, this sequence comprises three sessions spread over the whole academic year. A special attention is given to the students' ability to organise a hierarchy among some problematic aspects of the documents, given the corresponding risks of misunderstandings. Another point of special attention is the tendency to reduce the meaning of the document or the activities that can be organised about it to standard aspects of a classic teaching. Beyond the positive changes that have been observed in these respects, some strong dues of a linkage between critical conceptual analysis and students' intellectual satisfaction suggest that this topic deserves further research
Malonga, Moungabio Fernand. "Interactions entre les mathématiques et la physique dans l'enseignement secondaire en france : cas des équations différentielles du premier ordre." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA070026.
Full textThe French mathematics curriculum encourages strongly the mathematics and physics teachers of upper Sixth to cooperate in the teaching of differential equations. This fact has led us to take an interest in the teaching of this theme in both matters. In this aim, we were driven to characterize the viability of a synergy between mathematics and physics in terms of didactical continuity. Taking former researches about interactions between mathematics and physics teaching as a basis, we have organized our research around some specific questions, namely: How do differential equations appear in mathematics and physics textbooks? Does a didactical continuity exist between the two matters and, if yes, in which form? Is the Euler method a theme able to foster this didactical continuity? How do the teachers perceive this didactic continuity and put it into play? Our research showed that the didactical continuity that could be expected from official injunction is far from being assured and encounters many difficulties, as an analysis of textbooks brings it to the fore. Moreover, studying how they deal with the Euler method shows that the two curricula ignore completely each other, to such extent that they give the impression that there are indeed two different methods of Euler, according to the matter. To end with, the study of the answers given by teachers of both matters to a questionnaire confirms the difficulties of implementing a didactical continuity and allows identify some reasons for it
Malkoun, Layal. "De la caractérisation des pratiques de classes de physique à leur relation aux performances des élèves : étude de cas en France et au Liban." Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2007/malkoun_l.
Full textOur study aims at characterizing physics' classroom practices in order to relate them to the evolution of students' performances with a teaching sequence. The analysis focuses on taught knowledge as a joint production of teacher and the students in a classroom. This knowledge is not given as a data but has to be reconstructed by the researcher. Our methodology is based on a reconstruction of taught knowledge at three scales of time and granularity. At the macroscopic scale (hours), the reconstruction is based on a conceptual approach, at the mesoscopic scale (minutes) on a thematic approach, at the microscopic scale (seconds) taught knowledge is broken down into small elements, of the order of a sentence, called facets and on the analysis of thinking processes involved in the comprehension of the material world, called epistemic tasks. The articulation of the analyses at different scales enables us to compare different classrooms and, at least partly, to relate taught knowledge and students' performances. The notion of continuity which shows the repetition, in the taught knowledge, of an element already introduced, appears to be fruitful. Our results support the hypothesis that according to their difficulty, a high continuity of some elements in taught knowledge is related to their acquisition. This relation between taught knowledge and acquisitions is reinforced by the analysis at the mesoscopic scale, which appears to be particularly adapted to the study of dynamic of taught knowledge, notably the study of the topogenesis and the chronogenesis
Jeannin, Laurent. "Appropriation par un enseignant de physique d'une nouvelle séquence d'enseignement : cas de la mécanique en seconde." Lyon 2, 2006. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2006/jeannin_l.
Full textThis work aims to clarify the professional practice of expert teachers when they appropriate a new teaching sequence. This sequence was designed by a group of researchers and teachers at secondary school level. It involves modelling activities in physics and is focused on learners. It is related to the part of the official program of 10th grade (seconde) entitled: "universe and its movement". Our theoretical framework involves the concepts of activity, actions and operations from the theory of activity of Leontiev and the concepts of didactical contract and « milieu » from Franch theory of didactic of mathematics. This is a case study on a teacher. The corpus of data consists of (1) video recordings of meetings, between physics teachers of the same school, aiming at preparing the teaching sessions, (2) the personal documents of preparation of the observed teacher, and (3) video recordings of teaching sessions of the observed teacher. The analysis deals with the teacher when he is in class as and out the class in particular when he prepares the teaching sessions. These analyses enable us to clarify the implicit and explicit parts between the preparation and teaching, and show the evolution of the teacher practice from the point of view of the processes proposed by the sequence. The implicit part of the teacher practice relates to his installation and management of its teaching on operational levels, while what is explicit it is what is shared with his colleagues. In terms of evolution, the teacher leaves more and more place at the points of views of the learners without taking into account the processes of thoughts relating to the modelling activites
Merkazi, Ahmed Fal. "Étude de l'effet d'un enseignement tutoriel utilisant l'ordinateur sur l'acquisition de concepts en physique par des élèves marocains." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29492.
Full textRobitaille, Marie-Pier. "Perceptions d'élèves du secondaire au sujet de leurs cours d'éducation physique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33911.
Full textMalafosse, Didier. "Contribution à l'analyse et à la modélisation des processus de conceptualisation en inter-didactique des mathématiques et de la physique : exemple de la loi d'Ohm." Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20143.
Full textPasco, Denis. "Le premier programme d'éducation physique et sportive : mise en œuvre par les enseignants en classe de sixième." Rennes 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN20060.
Full textThe integration of physical and sports education with the French ministry of education in 1981 was accompanied by strong institutional pressures to draft curricula for PSE in the same way as with other disciplines and according to the same rules. In 1996, a preliminary text was published for first-form secondary classes. Our study relates to its implementation in the classroom. This question is approached from the combined viewpoint of the sociology of the curriculum and the teaching methods. Results reveal the difficulties in establishing the curriculum. The national guidelines do not provide a reference for teachers when they are determining the contents to be taught. This study highlights the difficulty of acting on knowledge taught in the classroom by means of national regulations. The diversity of the cultural references making it possible to lay the basis for physical education in schools means that the unity of such a curriculum is problematic. We should call into question the construction of a PSE curriculum on a model identical to the other disciplines
Vince, Jacques. "Approches phénoménologique et linguistique des connaissances des élèves de 2nde sur le son : contribution à l'élaboration et l'analyse d'un enseignement et au développement d'un logiciel de simulation." Lyon 2, 2000. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2000/vince_j.
Full textThis research takes place in the field of physics didactics. It deals with teaching and learning elementary physics about sound phenomena. New theoretical aspects and associated methodologies are proposed. The phenomenological analysis of common or scientific knowledge has led to design investigative tools. These tools aim to elicit the characteristic features of the explanatory systems used by students to describe or to explain the various situations which were proposed in the questionnaires. A lexical and semantic approach has also been used in these investigations. The results and their consistency show a strong reference to the auditive perception for the description and interpetation. The use of invariants in interpreting various situations seems very difficult and the explanations are strongly linked to the situations themselves. The interpretations and explanations are mainly in terms of objects and events instead of scientific concepts. A teaching sequence based on modelling anddesigned in collaboration with teachers has been analysed. The investigative tools allow to evaluate the effect of this teaching sequence and a " classical " one on the students' explanatory systems. Significative changes were observed on a few aspects of sound however, these changes are much more significant for the population with our teaching sequence, they show students' scientific learning. At last, due to the students' need and the results of didactics litterature, a simulation software has been designed. This software allows to manipulate models of creation and propagation of sound and aims the improvement of learning about sound
Avila-Ponce, Ximena. "Temps et savoirs dans l'organisation de travaux pratiques des sciences physiques : le rôle de l'expérience professionnelle des enseignants." Aix-Marseille 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX1A031.
Full textKane, Saliou. "Guidage dans les activités expérimentales de physique et chimie : analyse de contexte du Sénégal et propositions argumentées d'innovations." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112048.
Full textThe research being about the renewal of laboratory work of physics and chemistry at high school level in Senegal, it comprises a context analysis of teaching in this country, in particular concerning the orientations of official instructions as well as students' relationship to knowledge. The existing situation is analysed thanks to written questionnaires and individual interviews proposed to various categories of teachers, and to students. In addition, direct observations have been carried out. The theoretical part builds a framework for the analyses and a conceptual framework for the research. The present didactical concepts allowing to characterise the experimental activities, the notion of " issue ", conceptual/procedural/epistemological objectives, function and didactical modes, are revisited. The direct observations in classrooms having provided which experiments teachers choose, the " issues " and objectives they attribute to experimental activities, as well as the respective roles of teacher/students , it then is possible to establish bases for innovation. Taking into account the context, and also the context of initial teacher training, we developed a whole set of consistent innovative labwork activities. They have been organised, observed and analysed during sessions of " simulation " with student-teachers, then carried out in a real class-room. This has also be put into operation by experimented teachers. This work allows to test the relevance of various concepts of research in science education , through case studies, constructs a tool of teacher training and opens perspectives towards the renewed wording of curricula
Autain, Kermen Isabelle. "Prévoir et expliquer l'évolution des systèmes chimiques : observation de la mise en place d'un nouveau programme de chimie en terminale S : réactions des enseignants et des élèves face à l'introduction de l'évolution des systèmes chimiques." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA077066.
Full textThis work examines the effects of the implementation of a new curriculum on the evolution of chemical Systems in the final year of higher secondary education in France. The first part includes an analysis of the curriculum which defines the structure of the subject matter (empirical level and models) and determines in what measure the didactic intentions of the authors are translated into precise contents and skills. The second part sets out the reasoning and difficulties encountered by the students for whom the use of the evolution criterion is not always rational and is often studded with errors. Some errors (modification of the reaction quotient, impossible evolution direction) may be due to the difficulty they have in differentiating between the empirical level and the model level or vice-versa, or in moving between these two levels. The analysis of the explanations provided at the stopping point of the evolution of a System shows that a poor use is made of the evolution criterion and of the macroscopic kinetic model and that there is no allusion to the microscopic kinetic model. The third part deals with the teachers' professional knowledge through interviews in which they are confronted with students' authentic responses. The introduction of the evolution criterion is rightly perceived as a challenge of this programme contrary to two others themes: the distinction between chemical change and reaction and the use of the microscopic kinetic model. The presentation of students responses to the teachers may reveal their difficulties or develop their professional knowledge by giving them the opportunity to identify students' errors which they had not noticed beforehand
Rilhac, Patrice. "Etude didactique comparative de pratiques d'élèves au collège en Mathématiques et en Education Physique et Sportive : vers la notion de jeux alternatifs." Rennes 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN20035.
Full textOur thesis seeks to analyse and understand students’ practices during ordinary maths and PE lessons. To do so, we focus on the comparative analysis of the didactic practices of some students evolving in didactic situations dense with specific knowledge: the “introduction to demonstration” and the “introduction to climbing”. The analyses of the didactic practices presented in our thesis rely on the transcription of five geometry and five climbing lessons recorded in a chronological order. To carry out our comparative analyses of the teachers and students, we use theoretical tools borrowed from the joint action theory in didactics elaborated within the comparative approach in didactics. In our empirical work, we carry out firstlevelled comparative intradisciplinary analyses of the didactic practices. Those practices are examined with respect to “didactic incidents” highlighted during the analysis of the first three geometry and PE lessons. To do so, we analyse those practices in terms of the “logic of knowledge” and in terms of the “transactional logic”. At a second level, we study the transactors in relation with the notion of learning games. At a third level, we try to clarify the mechanisms involved in the implementation of the identified learning games. As a synthesis, we produce elements of information potentially useful for the teaching and learning process
Moreira, Baltar Bellemain Paula. "Enseignement et apprentissage de la notion d'aire de surfaces planes : une étude de l'acquisition des relations entre les longueurs et les aires au collège." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10193.
Full textBissuel, Geneviève. "Á propos de l'enseignement de l'énergie en 1°S : rôle du symbole dans l'apprentissage de la physique : pour une problématique en termes de situation et de zone proximale." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10166.
Full textBluteau, Serge. "Les paradoxes du travail en équipe dans l'enseignement secondaire : l'exemple des professeurs d'éducation physique et sportive." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010584.
Full textThe team work of teachers is a very present theme in the thougts and speeches of politicals in charge of the French school system and of searchers in education. Among school matters of the secondary level, physical education may be considered as pertinent, for many reasons, to carry out a study of this particular social fact. In this piece of research, the representations of the actors of physical education about the idea of working as a team are studied. The moods of teachers in physical education to commit in practices of team work, and the level of this commitents are also studied. Last but not least, the most concrete realities of this team work practices are here studied. The aim of this research is to contribute to topple over the non-seizable and ambiguous nature of the idea of (teacher's) team work. This idea, which seems to be so natural and obvious is in fact more complex that could be imagined at first. It refers to plural realities for which it is often difficult to report without ideology. Beyond this specific team work of teachers in physical education, it is perhaps true that there is more speeches about team work than reality, efficiency and durable practices of it. .
Canal, Jean-Luc. "Ethnographie d'une classe ordinaire de sixième en éducation physique et sportive : l'épreuve des limites." Montpellier 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON14005.
Full textRuelens-Lepoutre, Laurence. "Perceptions d'élèves de niveau secondaire de la notion d'Esprit sportif en contexte d'éducation physique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25495.
Full textThis study reports situations where sportsmanship is or is not used in high school physical education (PE) classes. A total of 158 high school students reported 269 significant events (134 positive, 135 negative) using the Critical Incident Technique (Brunelle, Drouin, Godbout & Tousignant, 1988). A content analysis of open model (L'Ecuyer, 1988) has led to the emergence of five dimensions: Support to teammates or opponents (42,8%), Respect of opponents, partners and/or equipment (21,9%) Equity between students inside a learning situation (20,8%), Honesty (8,2%) and Tenacity (6,3%). For those students, the absence of sportsmanship in PE is expressed primarily by a lack of Equity, Support and respect between students. These results invite physical educators to reconsider some of the learning circumstances as reported by their students.
Bouraoui, Kamel. "Analyse des conceptions et étude du changement conceptuel chez des élèves tunisiens et français : conduction électrique dans les piles électrochimiques." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10170.
Full textTerré, Nicolas. "Les connaissances des élèves en Education physique : étude de la dynamique de construction et d'actualisation des connaissances à partir de l'expérience de lycéeens à l'échelle d'un cycle d'apprentissage en escalede." Nantes, 2015. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=e51fd5db-71e6-48bd-ae7e-7f9f8df46aa6.
Full textThis thesis sheds light on the knowledge built and updated by six junior school pupils during an eightlesson Physical Education unit using climbing as a medium. The vivid questions at the core of this research fit in with scientific and professionnal debates relating to the connection of knowledge and skills objectives within the school environment. This study was carried out within the Course of action framework (Theureau, 2006). It consisted in reconstructing the pupils' course of experience using audiovisual tracks of students’ in situ actions and communications, and retrospective verbalizations obtained and recorded in selfconfrontation interviews. Specifically, the use of an empirical analytic model of this project work helped us highlighting patterns within the structure of knowledge and within building and transforming process. On a broader spectrum, the knowledge evolution was tracked in relation to the stories which structure the pupils experience within the unit. Our results show that the pupils' actions thicken in time and lead to the building of new knowledge taking its roots in stories, and thus knowledge updating and transformation opportunities derive from the pupils long-term commitment to these stories. By considering the pupils'skills as « slices of life », this research promotes iterative processes in which teachers use in turns conception and investigation so as to help pupils to connect or disconnect their experiences to build lasting knowledge
Hosson, Cécile de. "Contribution à l'analyse des interactions entre histoire et didactique des sciences : élaboration d'un support d'enseignement du mécanisme optique de la vision pour l'école primaire et le collège et premiers éléments d'évaluation." Paris 7, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA070087.
Full textThis research paper aims at setting the ground for a larger research, which consists in highlighting the possible link between the acknowledgement of a didactic contract and scholastic achievement. In that respect, we first refer to some of the effects of the didactic contract that have already been brought forward in the past. Secondly, we apply the contract to the specific field of the teaching of physics, bringing to the fore its omniprésence through a number of concrète examples. We do admit that thé existence of a link between thé acknowledgement of a didactic contract and scholastic achievement has already been suggested. Thirdly, thanks to interviews and questionnaires, we show that the usual didactic contract is rather well known among the majority of students. Therefore, we finally propose a grid to have a feedback on work instructions from the students themselves, especially regarding the degree of autonomy allowed to them. With that grid, we analyse the official syllabus as well as the tests given to French high-school students for their graduation. As a result, though certain findings were somehow predictable, others were quite unexpected, as for instance the relative lack of instructions regarding general knowledge or conclusions to be drawn at the end of a problem study. The end of our research demonstrates that thé user-friendly grid that was elaborated has proven a useful tool to anticipate thé modifications that may be required in thé making of tests to comply with their objectives
Frechengues, Pierre. "Transposition didactique et compléxification conceptuelle : contribution à l'étude du cas de l'électron." Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20057.
Full textBesson, Ugo. "Une approche mésoscopique pour l'enseignement de la statique des fluides : étude des raisonnements des apprenants, élaboration et expérimentation d'une séquence d'enseignement." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA070033.
Full textThis thesis presents: a study of the forms of reasoning learners apply when dealing with fluids; the design, experimentation and evaluation of a teaching sequence on the static of fluids in the presence of gravity, kinetic and thermal aspects excluded. It contains an analysis of previous research on this topic by other authors; and some guiding ideas on the reasoning involved in this context. Content analysis and the study of conceptions are linked throughout. Besides two preliminary interviews, the research on reasoning involves several questionnaires put to high school and first-year university students. One crucial point is a difficulty in connecting local actions and global effects; this requires a systemic form of reasoning, to explain the mechanism establishing the final situation of equilibrium. The short teaching sequence experimented among first-year university students is based on a simple mechanical model of fluids, at the mesoscopic level, using sponge balls as elements. The aim is to make concrete and visual the typical decomposition of the mechanics of fluids, using objects through which a behavioural analogy can be established. . . Established (Attention is drawn to local interactions and a transmission of changes, to help students overcome the difficulty of conciliating certain formal laws and the local behaviour of fluids. The sequence is evaluated by means of paper-and-pencil questionnaires as pre-tests and post-tests, whose results are compared against those of "classically" taught control groups, and by studying the transcripts of the student debates that were held in the final session. The observations of a group of trainee-teachers are given, regarding the implementation of the sequence in class. Some directions for developing the research are suggested at the end of the thesis
Canal, Jean-Loup. "Courant, tension, résistance et énergie : essai de conceptualisation des grandeurs fondamentales en électricité (propositions d'analogies modélisantes)." Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30056.
Full textHattab, Ange. "Retention des connaissances acquises dans le secondaire." Paris 8, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA080519.
Full textBoublil, Shachar, and Shachar Boublil. "L'enseignement de la gravité einsteinienne : étude et réflexions." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37667.
Full textDepuis quelques années, le projet d’intégrer la physique einsteinienne dans le cursus scolaire soulève de l’intérêt grandissant dans la communauté des chercheurs en éducation en physique. D’après plusieurs chercheurs, pour mieux comprendre les sciences et les technologies d’aujourd’hui, les élèves ont besoin de connaissances de la physique moderne (Henriksen et al., 2014; Kaur, Blair, Moschilla, Stannard et Zadnik, 2017a). Pour Kaur et al. (2017), la visée éducative principale de l’enseignement des sciences est de faire apprendre aux élèves notre meilleure compréhension de l'univers afin de former les citoyens de demain (Kaur, Blair, Burman, et al., 2017). Puisque le concept de la gravité einsteinienne est absent du curriculum scolaire québécois, cette recherche vise à établir un portrait des recherches menées depuis les dernières années au sujet de l’enseignement et de l’apprentissage de la physique einsteinienne aux niveaux primaire et secondaire. Afin de répondre à cet objectif, la recherche utilise une approche provenant de la méthodologie de l’ingénierie didactique (Artigue, 1988a). Cette méthode a permis d’établir une liste des éléments à étudier. À partir de la recension des écrits et des arguments mobilisés par les tenants de l’enseignement de la physique einsteinienne, la recherche met en exergue les principaux enjeux de l’enseignement de la gravité einsteinienne et tente de comprendre et d’expliquer les avantages de son enseignement à l’école primaire et secondaire, exprimés par des chercheurs dans ce domaine. Les résultats de cette étude permettent d’avoir une image sur la situation actuelle de l’enseignement de la gravité einsteinienne. Ils sont regroupés et présentés selon trois thèmes: étude épistémologique du concept et de l’histoire de son développement; implications du concept de la gravité einsteinienne sur le développement des technologies et de la physique moderne, sur la compréhension de l’univers et sur le développement de la pensée scientifique; résultats de l’étude des recherches menées sur l’enseignement du concept de la gravité. Ce mémoire me permet de préparer une base théorique pour réaliser, dans mon projet doctoral, les trois autres étapes proposées par la méthodologie d’ingénierie didactique, soit l’élaboration, la réalisation et l’évaluation d’un dispositif d’enseignement du concept de gravité einsteinienne au 2e cycle du secondaire. Mots clés : physique einsteinienne, enseignement de la gravité einsteinienne, approches et méthodes d’enseignement de la physique, développement de la pensée scientifique
Moretto, Vasco Pedro. "Les fondements épistémologiques d'un manuel de physique : (os fundamentos da fisica)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29420.
Full textArtus, Dominique. "La mixité : illusion égalitaire en éducation physique et sportive ? Son étude à travers les représentations sociales des enseignants et des lycéens." Poitiers, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999POIT2285.
Full textNachon, Michael. "Interactions en éducation physique et sportive : le cas du basket-ball : approche des compétences sémiolangagières et construction des savoirs." Besançon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BESA1034.
Full textThis study in sports pedagogy examined the game of basketball as a complex learning system in which a player must regulate, organize, and find equilibrium in an uncertain dynamic of complementary and oppositional movement. Instead of studying predetermined instructional sequences and techniques, this research examined the effects on learning of dynamic instruction that involved the players on both teams in authentic situations. The lessons (6) of 2 hours consisted of: (a) game time, (b) discussion time, (c) return to the game, and (d) learning situations derived from the preceding game play, with the result that student built during verbalization. The scientific steps involved increasingly sophisticated analysis of: language, evolution of the practice, and uncertainty and reversibility of the game. At a higher level of interpretive complexity, basketball begins with both ludic and didactic dimensions of semiotic thought. By displaying the originality and plurality of the interpretation of action, this thesis reveals the autonomy of the learner and the training of a world actor
Bradamante, Francesca. "Le Linee di campo : cardine per la comprensione del concetto di campo." Paris 7, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA077029.
Full textThis thesis deals with the concept of a field, in particular magnetic and gravitational ones, and it is based on two principal research questions: 1) field lines representation can facilitate a more global vision of the field (opposed to the local one) and a differentiation of the different types of field by their maps, 2) the differentiation of polar and dipolar fields can allow students to identify the specific properties of different types of field. Two preliminary studies at primary school allow us to construct two teaching-learning sequences about magnetic field at primary (9-10 years old) and secondary (18-19 years old). At primary school field representation by field lines was accessible at a large part of children who where able to identify magnetic field lines with lines of orientation (and not of force) and to differentiate between the maps of the two fields (magnetic and gravitational), but they had some difficulties to pass from the difference between the maps to the difference of the action of the two sources, while the obstacle "attraction is dominant” founded in the preliminary researches, seemed solved. At secondary school students used the shape of field lines to differentiate polar and dipolar fields. Field lines was used also to identify the analogies between fields. The results of the analysis of the sequence and the post test in this school context seems to reveals that the approach proposed is fruitful
Pelissier, Lionel. "Étude des pratiques d'enseignement des savoirs de l'épistémologie en classe de physique de lycée général." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU20136/document.
Full textThis research is based on previous french and foreign works about NOS teaching and learning and on the contemporary epistemological framework. It aims to analyse NOS teaching activities in physics class of French high schools through three case studies. These teachers are chosen because of their intention to teach NOS while the programs impose nothing on the subject. The analysis bases on the study of « praxeologies » developed within the framework of the anthropological theory of didactics. Our general purpose is to describe and understand in this abstract frame NOS teachers' practices for whom the main objective remains to teach knowledges of the physics : the kind of NOS knowledge taught in class ; the kind of references that play a role in teaching NOS ; the factors underlying the choices made by the teachers in terms of NOS content and teaching methods and the role played by their views on NOS, on teaching and learning physics in high school. This study brings a new approach for the characterization of NOS teaching practices onto the exclusive base of the data of observation of the class. It also brings to light that a device of accompaniment with regard to these knowledges modifies strongly their teaching by favoring their didactic transposition and by modifying the institutional relation to knowledge to which they tend to conform
Kalogiannakis, Michail. "Après l'introduction des TICE, puis après la création des TPE au lycée : de nouveaux rôles pour les professeurs ? : le cas en sciences physiques." Paris 5, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA05H018.
Full textThrough semi-directive interviews and content analysis of emails exchanged between physics teachers using two institutional mailing lists, we have tried to evaluate the new and changing roles and practices of teachers since the introduction of TPE and ICT in French high schools. The archives of these two lists are a rich source of the typical exchanges which occur between physics teachers and a good example of how the ones who participate contribute to the community, but also benefit from the community. The real and functioning teaching networks created by physics teachers count among the first relevant and concrete examples of such virtual communities. This new approach to education creates truly collaborative learning opportunities guided by shared aims and objectives. The interviewed physics teachers consider ICT and the use of mailing lists as elements which have inserted themselves naturally alongside other more traditional teaching methods and practices. For them, the lists can thus be likened to a kind of ongoing at distance training course. Furthermore, participating teachers are in the process of rapidly sharing and redistributing information and methods, this contributes to the ongoing training of the community based on practical experience. The interviews have clearly shown the changing role of physics teachers who in the context of TPE are more and more viewed by their students as active collaborators and guides in the learning process. Teachers when commenting about the positive aspects of TPE have emphasized the improvement and renewal of teacher -student relationships as well as the development of a higher level of student autonomy
Hirn-Chaine, Colette. "Transformations d'intentions didactiques par les enseignants : le cas de l'optique élémentaire en classe de quatrième." Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA070107.
Full textThis investigation is grounded on the following idea: as regards the implementation of research based innovations, teachers are not passive transmitters, and there are some general trends in the way they transform the proposed teaching strategies. This thesis deals with the particular case of elementary optics at grade 8 in france, a syllabus launched at national level in 1993. Four sets of data -interviews before teaching, logbooks, assessment tasks and video recorded class observations - lead to converging conclusions. In particular, the great importance of practical devices is shown, as vehicles for pedagogical strategies: if these devices are classical, they entail ways of doing that are classically linked to these devices, and therefore they contribute to blocking innovative strategies in teachers. If they are innovative, they seem to foster the actual introduction of the suggested new ways of teaching. More generally, the + seeing is enough to understand ; perpective seems to have inspired a large part of teachers' actions - planning of sessions, assessment tasks, actions in class - and comments in interviews. The focus on + reasonned experimentation ; presented by the conceptors as a major focus of the syllabus, leave a non negligible fraction of teachers on their initial position, that is an emphasis on showing and classifying objects more than analysing the underlying concepts and laws. This investigation shows, with some examples analysed in detail, that the very understanding of concepts is affected, beyond a global + view on science ;. These conclusions suggest the interest of extending such research to others topics and provide some hints on how to design innovations with maximised chances of appropriate implementation by teachers
Lebouvier, Bruno. "Fonctionnements usuels et résistances à la professionnalisation des conseillers pédagogiques EPS du second degré." Nantes, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NANT3030.
Full textResearch attemps to understand how educational advisers operate from a vocational viewpoint, organised by the transformation of trainee teachers and the apprenticeship of students. The theoretical fieds in question are the activity, the vocational education, the teaching of sport and physical activities, problematic and argumentation : three educational advisers being trained are observed during interviews they have with their trainee teachers after the lessons. The analysis allows to bring out different types of operations based on indicators such as the position, the use of interpretation scopes and the kinds of argumentation they employ. Cases studies bring out evolutions they employ. Cases studies bring out evolutions and resistances to the transformation of educational advisers' professional practices
Bordet, Jacky. "Les contenus en éducation physique et sportive, d'après les connaissances évaluées chez l'élève de lycée depuis 1983 : enquête auprès des enseignants." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05H031.
Full textOur research aims at drawing out varied pedagogical attitudes in physical education teachers from the point of view of the pupils' know ledge assessment. Surveys by questionnaires on more than one thousand teachers and semi-quided interviews are here the methodological tools. They show that the knowledge assessed is essentially concerned with the rules of codifies sports, the description of the unfolding action, or the elicitation of the way of doing it. The knowledge of the physiological functioning of the body is discussed in this field. Three pedagogical types are therefore identifiable according to the aspect considered: the "scholarly type" (teaching with assessment), "the rela tional type" (teaching without any assessment), and the "pragmatic type" (who sets aside this domain of knowledge). The factors which give birth to this pedagogical types are not to be found in the tea chers different university levels. It is more in the teacher's per sonal dominant conception of body exercise and in his relationship to knowledge, that we have found them. So that one teacher is of a "pra gmatical type" because he has a dominant conception of exercise on the "hyienic-ludic" mode, in the way that he strives to set aside the scientific knowledge (based on physiology), because he values the "pro cedural type of knowledge, because he conceives theory-to-pratice re lationship in a speculative fashion
Redon, Dominique. "Représentations sociales et identités professionnelles des enseignants de l'E. P. S. En S. E. G. P. A." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO10271.
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