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Academic literature on the topic 'Phytochemical composition'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Phytochemical composition"

Wakhisi, Charles Wanjala, Gicheru Muita Michael, and Eric Mwangi. "Mineral and Phytochemical Composition of Cleome Gynandra Methanolic Extract." Advanced Journal of Graduate Research 8, no. 1 (April 11, 2020): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/ajgr.8.1.18-26.

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The study was done to evaluate the mineral and phytochemical composition of the methanolic extract of Cleome gynandra (spider plant). The plant is used as a traditional vegetable in some communities in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. The plant has also been reported to have some medicinal effect due to presence of phytochemicals but its pharmacological and phytochemical profile has not been fully established. Collection and authentication of the plant was done followed by extraction using methanol as a solvent. The phytochemical investigation was done using both chemical analysis and chromatography method by use of a Gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GCMS) system as per standard protocol. Cleome gynandra was found to contain some mineral compounds of nutritional importance and phytochemicals with potential medicinal importance. The phytochemicals analyzed include saponins, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, terpanoids and polyphenols. These different phytochemicals can be further studied and their potential medicinal importance analyzed. The study concluded that Cleome gynandra contains phytochemicals with potentially important medicinal value. The plant (Cleome gynandra) can also be used as an important nutritional source of some essential nutrients like Vitamin C and beta carotene. It can also be a good source of some mineral elements like iron, selenium, cobalt, copper, zinc and manganese. This can be important for families in rural areas and for the low-income households in both rural and urban areas as a source of nutrients.

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Dey, Priyankar, Somit Dutta, Anurag Chowdhury, Abhaya Prasad Das, and Tapas Kumar Chaudhuri. "Variation in Phytochemical Composition Reveals Distinct Divergence of Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. From Other Aloe Species: Rationale Behind Selective Preference of Aloe vera in Nutritional and Therapeutic Use." Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine 22, no. 4 (March 23, 2017): 624–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2156587217698292.

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In the present study, we have phytochemically characterized 5 different abundant Aloe species, including Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f., using silylation followed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry technique and compared the data using multivariate statistical analysis. The results demonstrated clear distinction of the overall phytochemical profile of A vera, highlighted by its divergent spatial arrangement in the component plot. Lowest correlation of the phytochemical profiles were found between A vera and A aristata Haw. (−0.626), whereas highest correlation resided between A aristata and A aspera Haw. (0.899). Among the individual phytochemicals, palmitic acid was identified in highest abundance cumulatively, and carboxylic acids were the most predominant phytochemical species in all the Aloe species. Compared to A vera, linear correlation analysis revealed highest and lowest correlation with A aspera ( R2 = 0.9162) and A aristata ( R2 = 0.6745), respectively. Therefore, A vera demonstrated distinct spatial allocation, reflecting its greater phytochemical variability.

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Borges, Josileide Gonçalves, Jackson Roberto Guedes da Silva Almeida, João Victor Pinheiro, Juliana Anielle Ribeiro de Sá, Kaline Stela Pires Bezerra, and Ingrid Lessa Leal. "Nutritional and Phytochemical Composition of Fruit Bioproducts." Journal of Agricultural Studies 7, no. 2 (August 28, 2019): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jas.v7i3.15116.

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Interest in fiber-rich foods, phytochemicals with antioxidant potential has been steadily increasing as people want to get health benefits other than basic nutrition. This study aimed to draw a profile of chemical composition, phytochemical profile of fruit pomaces grown in semi arid region of Brazil. Grapes, passion fruit, orange and pomegranate were analyzed for crude protein, lipid, moisture, mineral residue, non-fibrous carbohydrate, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber levels. Quantities of total tannins, flavonoids, anthocyanins were also quantified. All ointments have a varied nutritional profile with non-fibrous carbohydrates (67.36 -28.63%), Neutral Detergent Fiber (48.18 -18.93%), Acid Detergent Fiber (32.28 -11.64%). All phytochemicals were detected in all bagasse cultures. Flavonoid values varied among pomaces. Punica granatum (seed) presented highest flavonoid contents (2123.56 μg / 100 mL), Passiflora edulis presented lowest values (70.09 μg /100 mL). Vitis labrusca had highest anthocyanin values (101.24 μg / 100 mL), Citrus sinensis had lowest values (1.25 μg / 100 mL). Punica granatum seed presented highest total tannin content (43.73 μg / 100 mL) and Passiflora edulis, smallest (1.55 μg / 100 mL), respectively. Presence of high content of insoluble fibers, phytochemicals with antioxidant potential in ointments shows their potential use in treatment of non-contagious diseases.

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Butkutė, Bronislava, Audrius Padarauskas, Jurgita Cesevičienė, Lukas Taujenis, and Eglė Norkevičienė. "Phytochemical composition of temperate perennial legumes." Crop and Pasture Science 69, no. 10 (2018): 1020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp18206.

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A deeper understanding of the phytochemical composition of perennial legumes is important for animal nutrition as well as for the development of pharmaceuticals. The present study is an assessment of perennial legumes including clovers (Trifolium pratense L. and T. medium L.), medics (Medicago sativa L. and M. lupulina L.), sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) and milkvetches (Astragalus glycyphyllos L. and A. cicer L.) as potential sources of bioactive compounds. Whole aerial parts of plants at stem elongation and full-flowering stages as well as morphological parts of fully flowering plants (leaves, stems and flowers) were analysed for four isoflavones (biochanin A, daidzein, formononetin, and genistein), coumestrol, condensed tannins and triterpene saponins. According to total concentration of the four isoflavones in plants, the species were ranked as follows: T. medium (23.2–28.7 mg g–1 DM) > T. pratense > A. glycyphyllos = A. cicer = O. viciifolia = M. sativa = M. lupulina (0.054–0.212 mg g–1 DM). Young plants were 1.2–5.6-fold richer in isoflavones than fully flowering plants. Quantifiable concentrations of coumestrol and saponins were found in the Medicago species and tannins in O. viciifolia. In general, leaves contained the highest concentrations of the phytochemicals. These findings suggest considerable potential to improve legume-based forage quality through appropriate exploitation of species- or cultivar-specific phytochemicals and manipulation of the content of phytochemicals by management of production including growth stage at harvest and selection of plant species.

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Dass, Peter Michael, Joseph Jauro Deshi, Fartisincha Peingurta Andrew, and Buba Mamman Wufem. "Phytochemical screening, quantification and correlation matrix of Nigerian medicinal plant: Waltheria americana." AROC in Natural Products Research 1, no. 2 (September 9, 2021): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.53858/arocnpr01020916.

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Background: Plant’s kingdom provides new and important leads against various pharmacological targets due to the current wide spread of belief that green medicine is safe and more dependable than the costly synthetic drugs. The medicinal property of plants step from their ability to synthesize aromatic substances and secondary metabolites that are potent bioactive compounds found in medicinal plant parts that are precursors for the synthesis of useful drugs. In the present study, the leaf, stem, and root extracts of Waltheria americana were evaluated for phytochemical compositions and their correlation matrix. Methods: Quantitative and quantitative standard methods of analysis were used to evaluate the presence, amount, and the correlationships of the different phytochemicals in the leaf, root and stem of W. americana plant. Results: The quantitative phytochemicals percentage composition of W. americana varied with large ranges for alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, but short ranges occurred of terpenes and cardiac glycosides. Alkaloids had the highest percentage composition and cardiac glycosides showed the lowest for all the plant parts. The stem seems to be the major area of phytochemical production than other parts of the plant, indicating that the stem of W. americana could serve as a major source of phytochemicals in any herbal concoction. “The correlation” of phytochemical constituents, alkaloids and tannins in the leaf were positively and significantly correlated with cardiac glycosides in the stem at 95% confidence respectiely. However, no correlation was observed of any phytochemicals in the other plant. Conclusion: These findings indicated that the production, quantification, and distribution of these phytochemicals were complimentary in nature in Waltheria americana plant, and the shoot may have played a major role in this regard

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Ifeanacho, Mercy O., Shedrack Chinedu Ogunwa, and Peter U. Amadi. "Phytochemical Composition of Vitex doniana." Analytical Chemistry Letters 9, no. 6 (November 2, 2019): 863–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22297928.2020.1722221.

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Bolling, Bradley W., C. Y. Oliver Chen, Diane L. McKay, and Jeffrey B. Blumberg. "Tree nut phytochemicals: composition, antioxidant capacity, bioactivity, impact factors. A systematic review of almonds, Brazils, cashews, hazelnuts, macadamias, pecans, pine nuts, pistachios and walnuts." Nutrition Research Reviews 24, no. 2 (December 2011): 244–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095442241100014x.

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Tree nuts contain an array of phytochemicals including carotenoids, phenolic acids, phytosterols and polyphenolic compounds such as flavonoids, proanthocyanidins (PAC) and stilbenes, all of which are included in nutrient databases, as well as phytates, sphingolipids, alkylphenols and lignans, which are not. The phytochemical content of tree nuts can vary considerably by nut type, genotype, pre- and post-harvest conditions, as well as storage conditions. Genotype affects phenolic acids, flavonoids, stilbenes and phytosterols, but data are lacking for many other phytochemical classes. During the roasting process, tree nut isoflavones, flavanols and flavonols were found to be more resistant to heat than the anthocyanins, PAC and trans-resveratrol. The choice of solvents used for extracting polyphenols and phytosterols significantly affects their quantification, and studies validating these methods for tree nut phytochemicals are lacking. The phytochemicals found in tree nuts have been associated with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, antiviral, chemopreventive and hypocholesterolaemic actions, all of which are known to affect the initiation and progression of several pathogenic processes. While tree nut phytochemicals are bioaccessible and bioavailable in humans, the number of intervention trials conducted to date is limited. The objectives of the present review are to summarise tree nut: (1) phytochemicals; (2) phytochemical content included in nutrient databases and current publications; (3) phytochemicals affected by pre- and post-harvest conditions and analytical methodology; and (4) bioactivity and health benefits in humans.

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Edem, B. E., M. E. Khan, and N. U. Ibok. "QUALITATIVE & QUANTITATIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND PROXIMATE COMPOSITION OF BOMBAX BUONOPOZENSE (RED SILK COTTON TREE) STEM-BACK." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN NATURAL SCIENCES 3, no. 3 (December 19, 2016): 288–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jns.v3i3.3970.

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Qualitative & quantitative phytochemical screening and proximate composition of Bombax buonopozense stem was investigated. Nine phytochemicals viz: - alkaloid, carbohydrate, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, protein, terpenoids, and oxalates were observed. Steroids and glycosides were below detectable limits. Quantitative phytochemical analysis indicated that alkaloid, flavonoid, phenols, tannins and saponins had values of 0.68 g, 0.09 g, 2.35 g, 1.41 g and 1.15 g respectively. The proximate analysis gave high percentage moisture content (55.30%). Carbohydrate and protein were of low values (1.04 % and 6.0% respectively). Ash content was found to be 15.30%, fiber (16.80%)All analyses wereper100g of crude sample.

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Khan, Waliullah, Sidra Subhan, Dilawar Farhan Shams, Sahib Gul Afridi, Riaz Ullah, Abdelaaty A. Shahat, and Ali S. Alqahtani. "Antioxidant Potential, Phytochemicals Composition, and Metal Contents of Datura alba." BioMed Research International 2019 (June 17, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2403718.

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This study investigated the phytochemical characteristics and antioxidant activity in leaves, roots, stem, flower, and seed parts of Datura alba (D. alba). The study also assessed the heavy metal (Cr, Mn, Zn, and Cu) accumulation in each part of the plant. Among the phytochemicals, alkaloids were found only in leaves while tannins, flavonoids, and phenols were present in all parts of the plant. For antioxidant activity, free radical scavenging assay for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was performed using ascorbic acid as the standard. Higher activity was shown by stem extract in methanol and leaf extract in n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and chloroform. Furthermore, all the target heavy metals were detected in all plant sections with the highest concentration of Zn in leaves and Cu in stem, root, flower, and seed. Due to stronger antioxidant potential and phytochemical composition, D. alba could prove as valuable prospect in pharmaceutical formulations by taking part in the antioxidant defense system against generation of free radicals.

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Ivanova, Kristina, Ivan Bakalov, Vesela Shopska, Peter Nedyalkov, and Georgi Kostov. "Phytochemical Composition of Brewers’ Spent Grains." Acta Universitatis Cibiniensis. Series E: Food Technology 24, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aucft-2020-0012.

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AbstractBrewers’ spent grains (BSG) are the main waste product of the brewing industry, accounting for about 85% of the total waste materials. Their composition is different (due to various brewing technologies) but includes high levels of dietary fiber, proteins, essential amino acids, polyphenols, antioxidants, vitamins and fats. The aim of the present study was to investigate the phenolic content and antioxidant activity (the radical scavenging assay (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)) of 19 different malt types and their BSG. The highest phenolic content was demonstrated by the BSG of Caraaroma malt, whereas the BSG of Carafa Special type 1 had the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power. Based on the results obtained, malts with the highest biological value were selected for inclusion in the composition of functional foods.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Phytochemical composition"

Swartz, Vuyiswa Gladys. "Phytochemical studies of Helichrysum patulum." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_3651_1189147447.

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Since Helichrysum is known by the indigenous people of Africa for therapeutic properties, such as against colds, flu and wounds, the aim of this study was to focus on the patulum species found predominantly in the Western Cape region of South Africa and by means of isolation and identification of the plant constituents, be able to relate the therapeutic activity on the basis of literature precedents, to the compounds extracted.

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Bumbliauskinė, Jankauskaitė Lina. "Study of Perilla L. species and varieties cultivation, phytochemical composition and biological effect." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110309_111240-41438.

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Perilla L. are significant for multi-pharmacological effect. The aim of this work is to study Perilla L. growth and develop¬ment tendencies, productivity; composition of biologically active compounds and their variations during the vegetation period, and the biological effect of the extracts; to select perspective plants for cultivation in Lithuania and for production of medicinal preparations. The objectives of the Study: To investigate and determine growth dynamics of Perilla L. species and varieties during the vegetation period and to assess the influence of climate conditions on the vegetation rhythmic. To assess the quantity dynamics of Perilla L. species and varieties herbal medicinal raw material and to compare the productivity of Perilla L. species and varieties. To determine the quantity of the essential oil in Perilla L. species and varieties and to identify the chemotypes of the plants. To determine the qualitative composition and variation dynamics of the phenolic acids in Perilla L. species and varieties. To determine the composition and variation dynamics of the flavone complex in Perilla L. species and varieties. To determine the composition and variation dynamics of antho¬cyanidines in Perilla L. species and varieties. To assess the radical scavenging activity of the extracts of Perilla L. species and varieties raw materials. To research the effect of Perilla L. extracts on the oxidative phosphorylation in the rat heart mitochondria.
Perilla L. genties vienmečiai vaistiniai augalai yra augaliniai imunomoduliatoriai, pasižymintys daugeliu farmakologinių poveikių. Darbo tikslas: Ištirti Vidurio Lietuvoje auginamų Perilla L. rūšių ir varietetų augimo ir vystymosi dėsningumus, biologiškai aktyvių junginių sudėtį ir jų įvai¬ravimą vegetacijos metu bei ekstraktų biologinį poveikį; atrinkti perspek¬tyvius augalus auginimui Lietuvoje. Uždaviniai: Ištirti ir nustatyti Perilla L. augimo dinamiką vegetacijos metu ir įvertinti klimatinių veiksnių įtaką augalų vegetacijai. Įvertinti Perilla L. vaistinės augalinės žaliavos kiekio dinamiką vege¬tacijos metu ir palyginti Perilla L. rūšių ir varietetų produk¬tyvumą. Nustatyti Perilla L. rūšių ir varietetų eterinio aliejaus kiekį auga¬luose vegetacijos metu ir identifikuoti augalų chemotipus. Nustatyti Perilla L. rūšių ir varietetų fenolinių rūgščių kokybinę sudėtį ir jų kitimo dėsningumus vegetacijos metu. Nustatyti Perilla L. rūšių ir varietetų flavonų komplekso sudėtį ir kitimo dinamiką vegetacijos metu. Nustatyti Perilla L. rūšių ir varietetų antocianidinų sudėtį bei kitimo dinamiką vegetacijos metu. Įvertinti Perilla L. rūšių ir varietetų žaliavų ekstraktų antiradikalinį aktyvumą. Ištirti Perilla L. rūšių ir varietetų ekstraktų poveikį žiurkės širdies mitochondrijų oksidaciniam fosforilinimui. Tyrimų rezultatai ir poveikiu pasižyminčių junginių identifikavimas atveria perspektyvas ateities tyrimams, kurie reikalingi kuriant preparatus iš perilių augalinių žaliavų.

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Al-Dulaimi, Omar Ahmed Abass. "Phytochemical composition and antimicrobial properties of four plants indicated for traditional medicine use." Thesis, Keele University, 2017. http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/3078/.

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The rapid development of seriously drug-resistant pathogen strains has created a dangerous problem to public health. The discovery of new effective antimicrobials remains an urgent task to control microbial resistance. Natural products can offer special stereochemistry and unlimited diversity of natural leads which are biologically active or ready for development and structure optimization strategies. Four medicinal plants Cylicodiscus gabunensis (CG), Pogostemon cablin (PC), Perilla frutescens (PF) and Magnolia biondii (MB) were selected for investigation of their phytochemical composition and antiplasmodial and/or antibacterial properties. A bioassay guided fractionation method has been followed to characterize the antiplasmodial and antibacterial constituents of CG. Flash column chromatography and preparative HPLC were used to obtain the bioactive compounds. GC-MS, LC-MS, and NMR have been used for chemical analysis purposes. For evaluation of the antibacterial activity, disk diffusion assay, alamar blue microplate assay, time kill kinetic and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods have been used. The work led to the isolation of the most potent antiplasmodial fraction of CG with IC50 of 4.7.

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Shwerif, Najia. "Effects of temperature regimes under low light conditions on growth rate and phytochemical composition of lettuce and carrot plants." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2390.

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Environmental conditions such as temperature have a large impact on the growth and development of plants. Lettuce and carrot contain phytochemicals (secondary metabolites) with high nutritional value. The temperature conditions that the plant is grown in may affect the content of phytochemicals, which in turn affects the quality of crops. In view of climate change this may be important for the supply of human food resources for a growing population, if the increase of temperature systematically affects food quality. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different growth temperatures on plant growth parameters and nutritionally relevant phytochemicals in different varieties of lettuce and carrots. Plants of two varieties each of carrots and lettuce were grown in controlled environments at different day/night temperatures: 12/8, 17/13, 22/18, 27/23 and 32/28 ℃ for lettuce and 12/8, 17/13, 22/18 and 27/23 ℃ for carrots. Each temperature treatment was applied at a separate time and the plants were harvested after having produced 10-12 leaves (lettuce) and 6-8 leaves (carrots). The light was constant 150 2 µmol /m /s with an 11-hr-light/13-hr-dark cycle, approximately corresponding to winter outdoor conditions in Southern Europe. Growth parameters such as number of leaves, plant height, leaf area of lettuce, fresh and dry weight were recorded. The sugar levels, nitrate concentration, phenolic compounds, carotenoids and chlorophyll pigments were determined in leaves and root of both species, in addition to polyacetylene compounds in carrot roots. The results showed that temperature had a highly significant effect on growth parameters. The lowest temperature (12/8 °C) produced the highest dry matter content of both shoots and roots; the biomass of both species peaked at 17/13 ℃ and the leaf area of lettuce was greatest at 22/18 ℃. The rate of leaf production was more rapid at higher temperatures than below 18 °C. Lettuce varieties responded more positively to high temperature than the carrots. Carrot root growth was inhibited with increasing temperatures above (22/18 ℃). Concentrations of phytochemicals were also affected significantly by growth temperature. Polyacetylenes in carrot roots increased by at least 50 % when grown at the lowest temperature of 12/8 ℃. The accumulation of phenolic compounds in both carrots and lettuce leaves was associated with both low and high temperatures over the range tested, while the levels at 22/18 ℃ were only 3-50 % of the highest values. High temperatures (17, 22, 27 ℃) also more than doubled nitrate contents, particularly in lettuce. In contrast there were higher levels of sugar in plants grown at low temperature compared with high temperature. Temperatures above 22 °C increased accumulation of chlorophylls in lettuce leaves. Contents of carotenoids (lutein, α-carotene and β- carotene) were relatively unaffected by temperature, although contents of β-carotene and lutein in lettuce leaves were slightly higher at 22/18 ℃ than other regimes. Growth temperature had a greater effect on the composition of carrots and lettuce than variety (genotype). The directions of the effects on composition were as expected from the physiological mechanisms involved. However for most of the measured compounds, the present study is the first to determine magnitudes of the effects. Such information could be useful to growers as it may help them to make decisions about variety choice or fertilizer application rates dependent on the temperature regimes experienced or applied during growth. These effects could become increasingly important aspects as climate change and global warming proceeds with potentially substantial implications for the links between diet and human health.

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Maia, Catarina Isabel Ganhoteiro. "Processamento de agrião para recuperação de compostos bioactivos com aplicação na indústria dos nutracêuticos." Master's thesis, ISA/UL, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/8283.

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Mestrado em Engenharia Alimentar - Instituto Superior de Agronomia
The consumption of vegetables is widely recognized to be beneficial to human health and this is mainly attributed to their high content in functional constituents. The aim of this work was to develop a green extractin process of watercress for the recovery of bioactive compounds with application in the nutraceutical industry. Initially the matrix was characterized with respect to its content of polyphenols, terpenes and carotenoids. A Design of Experiments (DOE) was used to plan the extractions using two solutions water: co-solvent GRAS (water:ethanol and water:propylene glycol,) varying the extraction temperature, the ratio matrix:solvente and ratio water:cosolvent, in order to improve their content of polyphenols, carotenoids, and terpenes (spectrophotometric and chromatographic methods), their antioxidant activity and their cosmeceutical potential. The most promising extract, considering the content of polyphenols and the antioxidant activity, was PG 13. Regarding the cosmeceutical potential, TT / EtOH5 have proved to be more auspicious for antipigmentation activity and H2O7 proved to be more favorable on anti-wrinkle assay. Watercress reveled to be a promising natural source of numerous phytochemicals, namely polyphenols, terpenes, isothiocyanates and fatty acids, rich in antioxidant activity, advantageous for the development of functional products and with potential to be included in cosmeceuticals

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Mangoba, Paula Maria Alexandre. "Prospecção de características fitoquímicas, antibacterianas e físico-químicas de portulaca oleracea l. (beldroega)." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/115207.

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A Portulaca oleracea L. (beldroega) possui propriedades antioxidantes e antimicrobianas, podendo ser utilizada como planta medicinal e alimento funcional. O estudo objetivou determinar: a composição centesimal e mineral da beldroega in natura; a intensidade da atividade de inibição bacteriana (IINIB) e a intensidade da atividade de inativação bacteriana (IINAB) das concentrações de 50, 25, 12.5 e 6.25 % de extratos alcoólicos da beldroega sobre diferentes inóculos bacterianos de interesse em alimentos (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella Enteritidis e Enterococcus faecalis), pelo método do Sistema de Tubos Múltiplos; a atividade antioxidante pelo método de DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-picrihidrazil), relacionando-as com a presença de polifenóis totais e antocianinas determinados pelo método Folin-Ciocalteu e do pH diferencial, respectivamente. Os teores de umidade, proteínas, lipídeos, cinzas totais, fibra bruta, carboidratos e valor energético em base úmida foram de 91.23±0.39, 1.67±0.30, 0.37±0.09, 1.22±0.16, 1.45±0.08, 4.05±0.27% e 109.52±6.46 Kj.100g-1, respectivamente. Em base seca os teores de proteínas, lipídeos, cinzas totais, fibra bruta e carboidratos foram de 17.40±2.36, 3.85±1.06, 12.79±2.32, 16.57±0.31 e 42.09±0.89%, respectivamente. As folhas e talos da beldroega demonstraram ser excelentes fontes de Fe (10.5 mg.100-1) e K (9100 mg.100-1). A bactéria mais sensível ao extrato da planta foi a Escherichia coli e a menos sensível foi o Staphylococcus aureus. Os teores dos polifenóis totais e antocianinas foram superiores na concentração de 50% tendo-se obtido os seguintes valores 51.46±0.26 mgEAG.100g-1 e 8.05±0.06 mg.100g-1, respectivamente. Houve diferença significativa destes compostos bioativos com a variação da concentração (p ≤ 0.05). O percentual de inibição máximo na concentração de 50 % foi de 61.31% sugerindo que o extrato possui atividade antioxidante moderada e nas restantes concentrações mostrou-se fraca. Os resultados desta pesquisa fundamentam a caracterização nutricional e a atividade antibacteriana potencial da beldroega como planta comestível não convencional, buscando estabelecer a relação estrutura-atividade.
Portulaca oleracea L. (purslane) has antioxidant and antimicrobial properties and can be used as a medicinal plant and functional food. The study aimed to determine the proximate and mineral composition of fresh purslane; the intensity of bacterial inhibition activity (IINIB) and the intensity of bacterial inactivation activity (IINAB) in concentrations of 50, 25, 12.5 and 6.25% from aerial parts ethanolic extracts of purslane on different bacterial inocula of interest in food (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella Enteritidis and Enterococcus faecalis ) by the method of Multiple Tube System, antioxidant activity by DPPH method (2,2-diphenyl-1- picrihidrazil) and relating them to the presence of total polyphenols and anthocyanins evaluated by Folin-Ciocalteu and differential pH methods, respectively. The moisture, protein, fat, total ash, crude fiber, carbohydrates and energy value on wet basis were 91.23±0.39, 1.67±0.30, 0.37±0.09, 1.22±0.16, 1.45±0.08, 4.05±0.27% and 109.52±6.46 Kj.100g-1, respectively. On dry basis the values of protein, fat, total ash, crude fiber and carbohydrates were 17.40±2.36, 3.85±1.06, 12.79±2.32, 16.57±0.31 and 42.09±0.89%, respectively. The leaves and stems of purslane proved to be excellent sources of Fe (10.5 mg.100-1) and K (9100 mg.100-1). The most sensitive bacteria to the extract were Escherichia coli and the less one was Staphylococcus aureus. The content of total polyphenols and anthocyanins were higher at a concentration of 50% yielding the following values 51.46±0.26 mg EAG.100g-1, 8.05±0.06 mg.100g-1, respectively. There were significant differences of these bioactive compounds by varying the concentration (p ≤ 0.05). The maximum percentage inhibition at a concentration of 50% was 61.31% suggesting that the extract has a moderate antioxidant activity and the remaining concentrations was weak. The findings of this research grounded the nutritional characterization and potential antibacterial activity of purslane as unconventional edible plant, seeking to establish the relationship structure-activity.

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Kouloura, Eirini. "Phytochemical investigation of Acronychia species using NMR and LC-MS based dereplication and metabolomics approaches." Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05P636/document.

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Les plantes médicinales constituent une source inexhaustible de composés (des produits naturels - PN) utilisé en médecine pour la prévention et le traitement de diverses maladies. L'introduction de nouvelles technologies et méthodes dans le domaine de la chimie des produits naturels a permis le développement de méthodes ‘high throughput’ pour la détermination de la composition chimique des extraits de plantes, l'évaluation de leurs propriétés et l'exploration de leur potentiel en tant que candidats médicaments. Dernièrement, la métabolomique, une approche intégrée incorporant les avantages des technologies d'analyse moderne et la puissance de la bioinformatique s’est révélé un outil efficace dans la biologie des systèmes. En particulier, l'application de la métabolomique pour la découverte de nouveaux composés bioactifs constitue un domaine émergent dans la chimie des produits naturels. Dans ce contexte, le genre Acronychia de la famille des Rutaceae a été choisi sur la base de son usage en médecine traditionnelle pour ses propriétés antimicrobienne, antipyrétique, antispasmodique et anti-inflammatoire. Nombre de méthodes chromatographiques modernes, spectrométriques et spectroscopiques sont utilisées pour l'exploration de leur contenu en métabolites suivant trois axes principaux constituant les trois chapitres de cette thèse. En bref, le premier chapitre décrit l’étude phytochimique d’Acronychia pedunculata, l’identification des métabolites secondaires contenus dans cette espèce et l'évaluation de leurs propriétés biologiques. Le deuxième chapitre vise au développement de méthodes analytiques pour l'identification des dimères d’acétophénones (marqueurs chimiotaxonomiques du genre) et aux stratégies utilisées pour la déréplication de ces différents extraits et la caractérisation chimique des composés par UHPLC-HRMSn. Le troisième chapitre se concentre sur l'application de méthodologies métabolomique (RMN et LC-MS) pour l'analyse comparative (entre les différentes espèces, origines, organes), pour des études chimiotaxonomiques (entre les espèces) et pour la corrélation des composés contenus avec une activité pharmacologique
Medicinal plants constitute an unfailing source of compounds (natural products – NPs) utilised in medicine for the prevention and treatment of various deceases. The introduction of new technologies and methods in the field of natural products chemistry enabled the development of high throughput methodologies for the chemical composition determination of plant extracts, evaluation of their properties and the exploration of their potentials as drug candidates. Lately, metabolomics, an integrated approach incorporating the advantages of modern analytical technologies and the power of bioinformatics has been proven an efficient tool in systems biology. In particular, the application of metabolomics for the discovery of new bioactive compounds constitutes an emerging field in natural products chemistry. In this context, Acronychia genus of Rutaceae family was selected based on its well-known traditional use as antimicrobial, antipyretic, antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory therapeutic agent. Modern chromatographic, spectrometric and spectroscopic methods were utilised for the exploration of their metabolite content following three basic axes constituting the three chapters of this thesis. Briefly, the first chapter describes the phytochemical investigation of Acronychia pedunculata, the identification of secondary metabolites contained in this species and evaluation of their biological properties. The second chapter refers to the development of analytical methods for the identification of acetophenones (chemotaxonomic markers of the genus) and to the dereplication strategies for the chemical characterisation of extracts by UHPLC-HRMSn. The third chapter focuses on the application of metabolomic methodologies (LC-MS & NMR) for comparative analysis (between different species, origins, organs), chemotaxonomic studies (between species) and compound-activity correlations

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MATOS, Joana D'arc Paz de. "Alterações na composição fitoquímica e microbiológica em formatos de cebola amarela IPA-11 minimamente processada." Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2015. http://dspace.sti.ufcg.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riufcg/683.

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A cebola (Allium cepa L.) é uma hortaliça com grande demanda de consumo no Brasil, principalmente, na forma in natura. Seu preparo é o maior motivo de objeção pelo consumidor, devido a compostos voláteis que irritam os olhos. O processamento mínimo torna assim, o produto mais atrativo e pronto para consumo, por eliminar as etapas de manipulação. O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar as alterações na composição fitoquímica e microbiológica em formatos de cebola amarela IPA-11 minimamente processadas. Os bulbos foram cultivados de outubro de 2013 a março de 2014, numa área experimental do Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia Agroalimentar da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campus de Pombal – PB; colhidos; curados durante seis dias à temperatura ambiente (30±2°C) e minimamente processados: seleção; remoção do catáfilos externos; cortes; sanitização e enxágue; drenagem das cebolas inteiras; centrifugação das rodelas e cubos; embalagem em bandeja de isopor recoberta com filme de PVC em porções de 200 g de cebolas; e, conservação a 4±1ºC, sob 70±5% UR, durante 10 dias. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 3 x 6, correspondente a tipos de cortes (inteira, rodela e cubo) e tempos de conservação (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 e 10 dias), com cinco repetições. Os bulbos obtiveram rendimento maior que 90% no processamento mínimo para todos os cortes. Observou-se durante o período de conservação aumento na perda de massa fresca, na concentração de íons H+, nos teores de açúcares solúveis e redutores e no extravasamento de eletrólitos. Os teores de ácido ascórbico e a relação sólidos solúveis/acidez titulável reduziram com o tempo de conservação. Nos compostos bioquímicos, os flavonóides reduziram em todos os tratamentos. As clorofilas e os carotenóides oscilaram durante a conservação, independente do corte. Verificou-se que os compostos fenólicos e a pungência mantiveram-se praticamente constantes durante a conservação. Obteve-se baixa contagem de aeróbios psicrotróficos, bolores e leveduras. A contagem de coliformes totais e termotolerantes resultou valores de ˂3 NMP/g. O tipo de corte e o tempo de conservação não comprometeram a qualidade final das cebolas amarelas IPA-11 minimamente processadas.
The onion (Allium cepa L.) is a vegetable with great demand in Brazil, mainly in natura. Its preparation is the biggest consumer objection due to volatile compounds that irritate the eyes. The product becomes more attractive and ready to be used by eliminating manipulation steps. This study aimed to evaluate changes in the phytochemical and microbiological composition of yellow onion formats IPA-11 minimally processed. The bulbs were grown from October 2013 to March 2014 on an experimental area of the Center of Agrifood Science and Technology - Federal University of Campina Grande, Campus of Pombal - PB; harvested; cured for six days at room temperature (30 ± 2 ° C) and minimally processed: selection; removal of external cataphylls; cuts; sanitizing and rinsing; draining the whole onions; centrifugation of slices and cubes; packing styrofoam trays covered with PVC film in portions of 200 g of onions; and conservation at 4 ± 1 ° C under 70 ± 5% RH for 10 days. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial 3 x 6, corresponding types of cuts (whole, slice and cube) and storage time (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 days), with five replications. The bulbs have gained more than 90% yield in minimum processing for all cuts. It was observed a loss increase of weight during the retention period , the concentration of H + ions in soluble sugars and reducing and electrolyte leakage. The ascorbic acid content and the soluble solids / titratable acidity decreased with storage time. In the biochemicals compounds, flavonoids decreased in all treatments. The chlorophylls and carotenoids varied during storage, regardless the cut. It was found that the phenolic compounds and pungency remained virtually constant during storage. Obtained low aerobic psychrotrophic count, molds and yeasts. The total coliforms and thermotolerant resulted values below 3 MPN / g. The kind of cut and the storage time did not affect the final quality of yellow onions IPA-11 minimally processed.

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Gebreselassie, Etsehiwot Yohannes. "Composition and Stability of Phytochemicals during Food Processing." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27469.

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Dietary phytochemicals are thought to reduce the incidence of chronic degenerative diseases. The concentration of these phytochemicals has been extensively studied, but less is known about their stability during food processing. The objective of this study was to determine the stability of lignans and other phytochemicals during the vinification and brewing processes. The amount of secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG), gallic acid, caffeic acid, coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, and ferulic acid increased up to 45 % during the vinification process; however, the amount of folic acid remained unchanged. SDG content was determined in barley for the first time. The SDG content also varied among barley varieties and showed a year-to-year variation. In addition, no SDG was detected during the mashing, lautering, boiling, and fermentation steps of the brewing process. Overall, processing techniques used in this study caused various effects on the stability of phytochemicals.

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Juodeikaitė, Elena. "Uogų, daržovių ir grūdų produktų fitoestrogenai, jų metabolitai ir ryšys su skaidulinių medžiagų komponentais." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2005. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2005~D_20050720_160747-47263.

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Aim of the work is to investigate phytoestrogens and products of their bioconversion, and dietary fibre components in most of the common plant products and also to determine the possible relationships between each other.

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Books on the topic "Phytochemical composition"

Goh, S. H. Phytochemical guide to Malaysian flora. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Malaya, 1991.

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Hetherington, Mark. Natural chemicals from northern prairie plants: The phytochemical contents of one thousand North American species. Saskatoon, Sask: Fytokem Products, 1997.

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Duke, James A. Handbookof phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1992.

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Duke, James A. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1992.

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Duke, James A. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC Press, 2001.

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Salem, Abdel-Fattah Z. M. Plant-phytochemicals in animal nutrition. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publisher's, 2011.

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Handbook of plant food phytochemicals: Sources, stability and extraction. Hoboken [N.J.]: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012.

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Powerfoods: Good food, good health with phytochemicals, nature's own energy boosters ; featuring 140 delicious recipes by executive chefs, Barry Correia and Carl Deluce. New York, NY: HarperCollins, 1997.

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Beling, Stephanie. Power foods: Good food, good health with phytochemicals, nature's own energy boosters : featuring 140 delicious recipes by executive chefs, Barry Correia and Carl Deluce. New York: HarperPerennial, 1998.

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1929-, Duke James A., ed. CRC handbook of medicinal mints (Aromathematics): Phytochemicals and biological activities. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Phytochemical composition"

Salama, Suzy Munir. "Calamus manillensis: Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity." In Wild Fruits: Composition, Nutritional Value and Products, 367–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31885-7_28.

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Mojica, Luis, Li Rui, and Elvira Gonzalez de Mejia. "Hibiscus sabdariffa L.: Phytochemical Composition and Nutraceutical Properties." In ACS Symposium Series, 279–305. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2012-1109.ch017.

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Alvarez-Parrilla, Emilio, Laura A. de la Rosa, Gustavo A. González-Aguilar, and Jesús F. Ayala-Zavala. "Phytochemical Composition and Health Aspects of Peach Products." In Dried Fruits, 309–24. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118464663.ch17.

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Eltahir, Muneer E. S., and Mohamed E. O. Elsayed. "Adansonia digitata: Phytochemical Constituents, Bioactive Compounds, Traditional and Medicinal Uses." In Wild Fruits: Composition, Nutritional Value and Products, 133–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31885-7_11.

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Ahmed, Rasheeda Hamid Abdalla, and Abdalbasit Adam Mariod. "Annona squamosa: Phytochemical Constituents, Bioactive Compounds, Traditional and Medicinal Uses." In Wild Fruits: Composition, Nutritional Value and Products, 143–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31885-7_12.

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Mustafa, Sara Elkheir, Rafiah Awad Mohamed, and Abdalbasit Adam Mariod. "Vangueria madagascariensis: Phytochemical Constituents, Bioactive Compounds, Traditional and Medicinal Uses." In Wild Fruits: Composition, Nutritional Value and Products, 157–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31885-7_13.

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Ahmad, Essa E. M., and Abdalbasit Adam Mariod. "Balanites aegyptiaca: Phytochemical Constituents, Bioactive Compounds, Traditional and Medicinal Uses." In Wild Fruits: Composition, Nutritional Value and Products, 199–205. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31885-7_16.

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Mahunu, Gustav Komla, Lydia Quansah, Haroon Elrasheid Tahir, and Abdalbasit Adam Mariod. "Irvingia gabonensis: Phytochemical Constituents, Bioactive Compounds, Traditional and Medicinal Uses." In Wild Fruits: Composition, Nutritional Value and Products, 253–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31885-7_21.

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Quansah, Lydia, Gustav Komla Mahunu, Haroon Elrasheid Tahir, and Abdalbasit Adam Mariod. "Parkia biglobosa: Phytochemical Constituents, Bioactive Compounds, Traditional and Medicinal Uses." In Wild Fruits: Composition, Nutritional Value and Products, 271–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31885-7_22.

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Sulieman, Abdel Moneim Elhadi, and Abdalbasit Adam Mariod. "Grewia tenax (Guddaim): Phytochemical Constituents, Bioactive Compounds, Traditional and Medicinal Uses." In Wild Fruits: Composition, Nutritional Value and Products, 165–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31885-7_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Phytochemical composition"

Almughraby, E., M. I. Kalimullin, A. A. Mostyakova, and O. A. Timofeeva. "VARIETY SPECIFICITY OF PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION B. OLERACEA L. VAR. ACEPHALA." In STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF AGRIBUSINESS. DSTU-PRINT, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/interagro.2020.1.340-343.

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Purpose of work - Comparative analysis the content of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, carotenoids, vitamin C, protein and sugars in different varieties of cabbage kale (B. oleracea L. convar. Acephala). As an object of study, we used 2 varieties of cabbage kale - Premier cabbage, Dwarf Blue Curled with green leaves, Redbor with red leaves and Scarlet with purple. It was shown that the content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids was significantly higher in red varieties, compared with green. The content of carotenoids was higher in green varieties. The highest content of flavonoid was found in the variety «Scarlet» and vitamin C in the variety «Redbor». However, the amount of proteins and sugars, there were no significant differences between the varieties.

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Heinrich, M., P. Lorenz, F. Stintzing, and D. Kammerer. "Comparison of the phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of seeds from different Hypericum species." In GA 2017 – Book of Abstracts. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1608198.

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Britz, Steven, Ignas Gaska, Igor Shturm, Yuri Bilenko, Max Shatalov, and Remis Gaska. "Deep Ultraviolet (DUV) Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) to Maintain Freshness and Phytochemical Composition During Postharvest Storage." In CLEO: Applications and Technology. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2013.ath3n.3.

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Jin, S., SH Eom, and TK Hyun. "The ripening stage of ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) berry influences its phytochemical compositions and their bioavailability." In 67th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA) in cooperation with the French Society of Pharmacognosy AFERP. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3399944.

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