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Academic literature on the topic 'Phytochemical evaluation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Phytochemical evaluation"

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Makwana, Hiren V., Priyanka G. Pandey, and Binita A. Desai. "Phytochemical Analysis and Evaluation of Total Phenolic Content of Algal Biomass Found in Tapi River in Surat." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 4 (April 30, 2022): 2783–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41897.

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Abstract: The present study aims to assess the phytochemicals of algal biomass which has seven species identified microscopically. The qualitative phytochemical analysis was done on all the biomass in the Tapi River, Surat in Gujarat. For the qualitative phytochemical analysis total 12 different parameters were analysed and used on algal biomass. Extract prepared in water. Amongst the water extract showed the presence of a maximum number of phytochemical compounds. Next to that, water extract showed alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, phytosterol, coumarins, tannins, diterpenes, and quinones, carbohydrates, The protein present in algal biomass. The evaluation of total phenolic content presence in algal biomass. Keywords: Algal biomass, Phytochemical analysis, Algae, Phytochemicals, Total phenol content, Qualitative analysis of biomass, Tapi, Biomass Extract, Algae extract.

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Sivalathajini, Dr S., Dr A. Manoharan, and Dr S. Umakalyani. "Physicochemical and Phytochemical Evaluation of Siddha formulation Saaranai chooranam." Middle East Journal of Applied Science & Technology 06, no. 02 (2023): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.46431/mejast.2023.6209.

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Background: Siddha system of medicine depends largely on herbal for the treatment of diseases which was practiced at village levels and now becomes an important medicine in worldwide, According to the Akasthiyar -2000-Part– III textbook, Saaranai Chooranam is a herbal drug that is indicated for Raththa kothippu (Systemic Hypertension) Saaranai is the Tamil name for Trianthema portulacastrum, which belongs to the family Aizoaceae. Aim & Objective: This study primarily aims to evaluate the Physicochemical and Phytochemical evaluation of Saaranai Chooranam, Preliminary Phytochemical analysis such as High Performed Thin Layered Chromatography and Powder Microscopy of Saaranai Chooranam. Methodology: The Physicochemical analysis of Saaranai Chooranam is carried out using standard procedures. Results: Preliminary Phytochemical screening found, the presence of phytochemicals such as Proteins, Terpenoids, Alkaloids, Carbohydrates, and Tannins. High-performance thin-layer chromatography fingerprinting revealed the presence of many phytochemicals with different Rf values and densitometric scans of the plates showed numerous bands and peaks. The Powder Microscopy reveals the presence ofTracheidal fibre, Vessel with bordered pits, Calcium oxalate crystal, Stone cell, Group of sclereids with brownish content, Paracytic stomata and surrounding subsidiary cells, Rosette Calcium oxalate crystal, Sclereid with narrow lumen, Thick walled cells, Tracheidal fibre and Trichome. Physicochemical analysis revealed the values of total ash (17.86%), acid-insoluble ash (1.34%), water-soluble ash (13.62), sulphated ash (25.72%), pH (6.05 in 4% alcohol solution), volatile oil (0.5%), foaming index (111.11%) and swelling index (4ml). Conclusion: This study is an effort to explore the different Physico and Phytochemical compounds of Saaranai Chooranam effective in the management of Raththa kothippu (Systemic hypertension).

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Mir, Suhail Ahmad, Mudasir Maqbool, Khursheed Ahmad Sheikh, Ahsan Ullaha Bhat, and Ghulam Nabi Bader. "Evaluation of phytochemical, antioxidant, and In-vitro antidiarrhoeal, activity of Euphorbia hirta." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, no. 1-s (February 15, 2019): 290–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i1-s.2352.

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Background: The current study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical, antioxidant, and In-vitro antidiarrheal properties of Euphorbia hirta Methods: Extracts were obtained using cold extraction, hot extraction and autoclave extraction methods using Methanol, Chloroform, Petroleum ether and distilled water as solvents. Crude extracts were screened for different phytochemical constituents like sugars, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, and glycosides etc. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using spectrophotometric method. The in-vitro antidiarrheal activity was elucidated by the antimicrobial activity using agar diffusion method. Results: Methanol proved to be a good solvent for extraction. In-vitro antidiarrheal activity was shown by all extracts on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella typhi bacteria which are mainly responsible for diarrhea. Conclusion: From the phytochemical screening it shows presence of phytochemicals like alkaloids, tannins, glycosides, and saponins. The plant also shows antioxidant activity, methnolic extracts shows higher activity and it shows In-vitro antidiarrhoeal activity which clearly indicates that the plant can be used for the treatment of diarrhea. Further studies should be done to isolate the compound responsible for activity in the experimental animals. Keywords: Euphrobia hirta, autoclave extraction, antidiarrheal, phytochemicals.

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Nair, Aswathy V., P. Y. Ansary, Sara Monsy Oommen, and Shincy Mol VV. "Elephantopus ScaberLinn.-Phytochemical Evaluation." International Research Journal of Ayurveda & Yoga 04, no. 09 (2021): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.47223/irjay.2021.4906.

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Dheer, Reema, and Alok Khunteta. "Pharmacognostic and Phytochemical Evaluation of Barleria Prionitis." Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences 5, no. 3 (July 2018): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/apjhs.2018.5.3.22.

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Esmat, Azmat Unnisa, Sirisha Mittapally, and Safiya Begum. "GC-MS Analysis of Bioactive Compounds and Phytochemical Evaluation of the Ethanolic Extract of Gomphrena globosa L. Flowers." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 10, no. 2 (March 15, 2020): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v10i2.3914.

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Gomphrena globosa (L.) has high medicinal values. All parts are been used as folk medicines. The extract of whole plant / flowers has shown different phytochemical constituents with various clinical properties. These phytochemicals recognised are responsible for various activities such as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, analgesic and cytotoxic. The ethanolic extract of Gomphrena globosa L. flowers of biochemical test indicates the presence of sterols, triterpenoid, tannins, phenols and flavonoids, and on GC-MS analysis it has shown 11 phytochemical compounds with different pharmacological activities. The major bioactive compounds are Docosanoic Acid, Docosyl Ester (25.404%) and Hexatriacontane (24.324%), has proven anti-inflammatory activity. Keywords: Gomphrena globose L., phytochemical constituents, GC-MS and anti-inflammatory.

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Okereke, A., O. Sanni, J. Mbonu, O. Onuoha, O. A. Tiamiyu, A. R. Adewole, and J. Okpuzor. "Evaluation of Phytochemical Constituents of Fresh Roots Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of the Medicinal Plants of Uvaria chamae, Anthocleista djalonensis and Euadenia eminens." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 27, no. 3 (March 31, 2023): 543–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v27i3.18.

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Phytochemicals are bioactive plant chemicals nutrients typically found in fruits, vegetables, grains, and other plant foods which may provide desirable health benefits beyond basic nutrition and can help reduce risks of major chronic diseases. This study was conducted to evaluate the phytochemical constituents of fresh roots ethanolic and aqueous extracts of medicinal plants of Uvaria chamae, Anthocleista djalonensis and Euadenia eminens using standard methods of phytochemical screening and Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Phytochemical screening revealed a diverse array of phytochemical constituents such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, isoprenoids, steroids, phlobatanins and cardiac glycosides. The results of GC-MS analysis of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of U. chamae revealed the presence of four and fourteen compounds respectively. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of A. djalonensis had ten and seventeen compounds respectively while the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of E. eminens was found to have six and twenty compounds respectively. These results indicate U. chamae, A. djalonensis and E. eminens possess phytochemicals which have potential antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory activity amongst others and as such, can be recommended as plants of phytopharmaceutical importance.

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Oluwayemisi Odeyemi, Anthony Uchenna Onochie, Sunday Oluwaseun Odeyemi, and Ifeanyi Onyema Oshim. "Evaluation of qualitative and quantitative phytochemical constituents of Napoleona imperialis stem bark." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 24, no. 1 (July 30, 2023): 202–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2023.24.1.0246.

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The aim of this study was to determine the qualitative and quantitative phytochemicals of Napoleona imperialis stem bark. Methods: Extractions and Phytochemical analysis of Napoleona imperialis stem bark were done using standard procedures. Result: Aqueous Napoleona imperialis stem bark extract had yield of 76.9g (7.69%) and methanol Napoleona imperialis stem bark extract also yielded 58.5g (5.85%) when 1000g pulverized was used for each. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of this extract exhibited moderate quantities of alkaloid, steroid and terpenoid in aqueous extract while methanol extract had flavonoid, saponin and tannin also in moderate quantities. Scanty quantities of flavonoid, saponin, cardiac glycoside and tannin were seen in aqueous extract so also, scanty quantities of alkaloid, steroid, terpenoid and cardiac glycoside were seen in methanol extract. The quantitative analysis of the phytochemicals was carried out twice and the average taken. Phenol had a concentration of 1.173mg/kg, Steroids had 0.623mg/kg, Terpenoid had 3.031mg/kg, Flavonoid showed 58.240mg/kg, Saponin had 13.190mg/kg, Alkaloid had 13.530mg/kg, Cardiac glycoside with 3.910mg/kg, Phytate showed 2.320mg/kg, Tannin had 52.500mg/kg and Hydrogen cyanide showed13.500mg/kg. This research proves that Napoleona imperialis contains some phytochemicals that are useful for mankind and also the part of this plant extracts exhibit medicinal properties.

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Kumar, Nitin, and Anurag Chaudhary. "Pharmacognostic and phytochemical evaluation of Prunus persica (L.)." International Journal of Research and Development in Pharmacy and Life Sciences 6, no. 6 (November 2017): 2806–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/ijrdpl.2278-0238.2017.6(6).2806-2812.

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Iyamu, Anthony Osamuyi, Uwaifoh Akpamu, and Karen Uwarobehi Iyamu. "Phytochemical Evaluation and Acute Toxicity Study of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Acalypha wilkesiana." Journal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences 2, no. 8 (August 2021): 715–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.37871/jbres1302.

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Increased curiosity on natural plant products has been raised due to problems of cost, unavailability, and after-effects of countless synthetic drugs. Worrisome, many plant-derived formulations lack phytochemically or toxicological screening. Hence, this study phytochemical and elemental screened the ethanolic leaf extract of Acalypha wilkesiana and as well as determining acute toxicity in adult male Wistar rats. The leaves were obtained in Benin City, Nigeria. Ethanol extraction was carried out on leaves and the extract was subjected to proximate, qualitative, and quantitative phytochemical screening and elemental analysis. Acute toxicity was determined on 12 adult male Wistar rats following Lork’s method. Proximate analysis revealed a high presence of carbohydrate, ash, fiber, and moisture. The qualitative and quantitative evaluation showed the abundance of alkaloids (68.7 ± 0.120%), flavonoids (34.7 ± 0.001%) and minute (<1mg/g) saponins, tannins, phenol, and terpenes. The extract contain nutritive (vitamin E = 1.184 ± 0.055µg/g; vitamin A = 0.0066 ± 0.003µg/g; vitamin C = 0.046 ± 0.037µg/g) and anti-nutritive (oxalates = 229.780 ± 16.93mg/100g; cyanide=0.162 ± 0.006 mg/100g; phytate = 0.131 ± 0.01mg/100g) elements. The elemental evaluation showed an abundance of potassium, sodium, and chloride with traces of cadmium and lead and the absence of manganese and copper. There was no sign of acute toxicity or mortality at an extract dose of 5000mg/kg. These findings indicate the ethanol leaf extract of A. wilkesiana as a rich source of phytochemicals and major macro elements and high safety at 5000mg/kg dose. Considering the several components in the leaves extract, Acalypha wilkesiana leaf might be pharmacological significant for the biological system.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Phytochemical evaluation"

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Ankli, Anita Sabine. "Yucatec Mayan medicinal plants : ethnobotany, biological evaluation and phytochemical study of Crossopetalum gaumeri." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2000. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=13555.

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Uche, Fidelia Ijeoma. "Phytochemical analysis and evaluation of anticancer and antimalarial properties of four medicinal plants." Thesis, Keele University, 2017. http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/3080/.

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Cancer and malaria are among the most life-threatening diseases globally. Cancer is responsible for about 125,000 annual deaths globally. In 2015, the World Health Organization report estimated that 236000-635000 people died of malaria. These diseases are complicated by the development of resistance to available chemotherapeutic agents. Natural products have been recognized for their major applications in the identification of drug leads in drug discovery. Viola philippica Car, Viola yedoensis Makino (Violaceae), Triclisia subcordata Oliv (Menispermeaceae) and Cyclicodiscus gabunensis Harms (Fabaceae) are medicinal plants traditionally used for the treatment of various diseases including malaria or cancer in China and West Africa. However, the bioactive compounds are unknown. Therefore, this study evaluated the in vitro anticancer and antimalarial activities of the four medicinal plants and searched their bioactive compounds. The in vitro anti-ovarian cancer and antimalarial assays were demonstrated respectively using sulforhodamine B dye and Syber green 1 fluorescence assay methods. Bioassay-guided fractionation and purification were performed. Structural elucidation was performed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry analysis. Results revealed the anticancer and antimalarial activities of T. subcordata; V. philippica, and V. yedoensis to be bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids (cycleanine, isochondodendrine and 2′-norcocsuline) and/or cyclotides. The cycleanine analogues were synthesized and found to be more potent than cycleanine. Induction of apoptosis by these alkaloids has also been determined. This study could serve as basis for the support of use of these plants in cancer and/or malaria treatment. The BBIQ alkaloids and analogues could serve as lead compounds in drug discovery. Future in vivo studies need to be carried out on these alkaloids to get drug approval.

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Bueno, Perez Lynette. "Phytochemical and Biological Evaluation of Two Vietnamese Plants, Indigofera spicata and Millettia caerulea." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1402256396.

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Richmond, Oliver H. III. "Extraction, Purification and Evaluation of PRMT5-Inhibitory Phytochemical Compounds for the Treatment of Prostate Adenocarcinoma." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2019. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/cauetds/185.

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The development and advancement of prostate cancer is supported by a plethora of genetic and proteomic abnormalities, including events of post-translational modifications. The protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) enzyme regulates epigenetic events of histone modifications and protein post-translational modifications within protein signaling pathways. PRMT5 functions by catalyzing the symmetric dimethylation of terminal arginine residues on target protein substrates. Under abnormal conditions of overexpression and upregulation, PRMT5 methyltransferase activity constitutively drives the growth and proliferation of dysregulated cells. Overexpression or upregulation of PRMT5 correlates with disease progression as observed among numerous cancer types, including breast, colorectal, leukemia, lung, melanoma and prostate cancers. We demonstrated previously that PRMT5 knockdowns attenuated both growth and proliferation of lung and prostatic tumors, in vitro and in vivo. Plants naturally produce chemical toxins as mechanisms of defense against microbial and other biological threats. Human exploitation, consumption and application of agents isolated from plants for therapeutic intervention dates back throughout the millennia. In this study, we extracted, purified and evaluated natural, small, chemical compounds from plant products that antagonize PRMT5 activity in prostate cancer cells. We found that crude and purified extracts of Dendrobium aurantiacum var. denneanum (D. denneanum) plants attenuated prostate tumor growth and proliferation by selective inhibition of PRMT5 methyltransferase activity. These findings establish the first set of natural PRMT5-specific inhibitors reported.

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Joshi, Prabesh. "SUPERVISED CLASSIFICATION OF FRESH LEAFY GREENS AND PREDICTION OF THEIR PHYTOCHEMICAL CONTENTS USING NEAR INFRARED REFLECTANCE." OpenSIUC, 2018. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2467.

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There is an increasing need of automation for routine tasks like sorting agricultural produce in large scale post-harvest processing. Among different kinds of sensors used for such automation tasks, near-infrared (NIR) technology provides a rapid and effective solution for quantitative analysis of quality indices in food products. As industries and farms are adopting modern data-driven technologies, there is a need for evaluation of the modelling tools to find the optimal solutions for problem solving. This study aims to understand the process of evaluation of the modelling tools, in view of near-infrared data obtained from green leafy vegetables. The first part of this study deals with prediction of the type of leafy green vegetable from the near-infrared reflectance spectra non-destructively taken from the leaf surface. Supervised classification methods used for the classification task were k-nearest neighbors (KNN), support vector machines (SVM), linear discriminant analysis (LDA) classifier, regularized discriminant analysis (RDA) classifier, naïve Bayes classifier, bagged trees, random forests, and ensemble discriminant subspace classifier. The second part of this study deals with prediction of total glucosinolate and total polyphenol contents in leaves using Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) and Principal Component Regression (PCR). Optimal combination of predictors were chosen by using recursive feature elimination. NIR spectra taken from 283 different samples were used for classification task. Accuracy rates of tuned classifiers were compared for a standard test set. The ensemble discriminant subspace classifier was found to yield the highest accuracy rates (89.41%) for the standard test set. Classifiers were also compared in terms of accuracy rates and F1 scores. Learning rates of classifiers were compared with cross-validation accuracy rates for different proportions of dataset. Ensemble subspace discriminants, SVM, LDA and KNN were found to be similar in their cross-validation accuracy rates for different proportions of data. NIR spectra as well as reference values for total polyphenol content and total glucosinolate contents were taken from 40 samples for each analyses. PLSR model for total glucosinolate prediction built with spectra treated with Savitzky-Golay second derivative yielded a RMSECV of 0.67 μmol/g of fresh weight and cross-validation R2 value of 0.63. Similarly, PLSR model built with spectra treated with Savitzky-Golay first derivative yielded a RMSECV of 6.56 Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE) mg/100g of fresh weight and cross-validation R-squared value of 0.74. Feature selection for total polyphenol prediction suggested that the region of NIR between 1300 - 1600 nm might contain important information about total polyphenol content in the green leaves.

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Loonat, Firdows. "Evaluation of the antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities of Ruta Graveolens L. in mice and rats." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4379.

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Magister Pharmaceuticae - MPharm
Evaluation of the antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities of Ruta graveolens L. in mice and rats FIRDOWS LOONAT M. Pharm. Pharmaceutical Sciences thesis: School of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape Ruta graveolens (Rutaceae) L. is a medicinal plant that is commonly used to manage and treat essential events such as pain, inflammation and fever. Despite its popularity, particularly as a medicinal plant in the Calvinia district and Bredasdorp region of South Africa, scientific data to substantiate its widespread traditional use and the possible mechanisms of action for this plant species is lacking. Therefore, the objectives of this study were: to scientifically evaluate and validate the antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities of Ruta graveolens using the acetic-acid writhing test and hot-plate test, the carrageenan rat paw oedema test, and the E. coli-induced pyrexia test, respectively; to investigate the possible mechanisms of the antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities of the plant using interaction studies; to determine some secondary metabolites present in the plant species using standard phytochemical analytical procedures; to characterise the plant species using HPLC techniques; and to determine the safety profile of the plant species using an acute toxicity study.Three percent (3 %) acetic acid (0.25 ml, i.p.) produced a substantial number of writhes in mice. The leaf methanol extract of Ruta graveolens (100 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly reduced the number of writhes induced by 3 % acetic acid (0.25 ml, i.p.). R. graveolens (100 mg/kg,i.p.) produced 54 % inhibition of 3 % acetic acid-induced writhes. Indomethacin (20 mg/kg,i.p.) and paracetamol (500 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly reduced the number of 3 % acetic acidinduced writhes. Indomethacin (20 mg/kg, i.p.) and paracetamol (500 mg/kg, i.p.) produced 57 % and 80 % inhibition of 3 % acetic acid-induced writhes, respectively. R. graveolens (25– 50 mg/kg, i.p. and 200 – 400 mg/kg, i.p.) and indomethacin (10 mg/kg, i.p.) did not significantly reduce the number of writhes induced by 3 % acetic acid. However, combined therapy of the leaf methanol extract of R. graveolens (25 mg/kg, i.p.) and indomethacin (10 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly reduced the number of 3 % acetic acid-induced writhes. The combined therapy of the lowest and sub-effective doses of the leaf methanol extract of R. graveolens (25 mg/kg, i.p.) and indomethacin (10 mg/kg, i.p.) produced 59 % inhibition of the writhes elicited by 3 % acetic acid. The leaf methanol extract of R. graveolens (50 – 400 mg/kg, i.p.) greatly delayed the reaction time in mice to thermal stimulation produced with hot-plate. 50 – 400 mg/kg (i.p.) of the leaf methanol extract of R. graveolens significantly antagonised rat paw oedema induced by 1 % carrageenan (0.1 ml, subplantar) over the 4 h period of testing. In addition, indomethacin (10 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly antagonised 1 % carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema. R. graveolens (25 mg/kg, i.p.) and indomethacin (2mg/kg, i.p.) given separately did not significantly alter rat paw oedema induced by 1 % carrageenan. However, combined therapy of the leaf methanol extract of R. graveolens (25 mg/kg, i.p.) and indomethacin (2 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly reduced 1 % carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema. The leaf methanol extract of R. graveolens (400 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly reduced the mean rectal temperature of normothermic rats. Ruta graveolens (100 – 400 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly reduced pyrexia induced by E. coli (50 μg/kg, i.m.) over the 5 h period of testing. In addition, pentoxifylline (50 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly reduced E. coliinduced pyrexia. Ruta graveolens (25 – 50 mg/kg, i.p.), paracetamol (500 mg/kg, i.p.) and pentoxifylline (10 mg/kg, i.p.) did not significantly reduce pyrexia induced by E. coli.However, combined therapy of the leaf methanol extract of R. graveolens (25 mg/kg, i.p.)and pentoxifylline (10 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly reduced E. coli (50 μg/kg, i.m.)-induced pyrexia.The phytochemical studies of the powdered leaves of Ruta graveolens indicated the presence of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and triterpene steroids. The HPLC fingerprint indicated characteristic peaks at the following retention times; 1.654 min,2.271 min, 2.403 min, 4.705 min and 7.691 min. The LD50 obtained for Ruta graveolens after oral administration was probably greater than 4000 mg/kg which shows that the plant extract is non-toxic to mice.In conclusion, the data obtained indicate that Ruta graveolens possesses antinociceptive, antiinflammatory and antipyretic activities. Since prostaglandins have been shown to mediate acetic acid-induced writhes, prostaglandins, histamine, serotonin, capsaicin and bradykinin implicated in carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) implicated in E.coli-induced pyrexia, it is possible that R. graveolens may be producing its antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities by affecting these chemical mediators. The data obtained also justify the use of the plant species by traditional medicine practitioners for the treatment of painful and inflammatory conditions, and pyrexia.

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Bwalya, A. G. "Evaluation of the in vitro biological activities and phytochemical profiling of eight Ficus species collected in Zambia." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2015. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1457111/.

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Infectious diseases are responsible for an overwhelming number of deaths and morbidity worldwide. In tropical regions of the world, in particular, developing countries like Zambia, poor health is prevalent and diseases such as malaria, meningitis, pneumonia, tuberculosis and gastrointestinal infections strongly persist. Folkloric medicines are still actively used against some of these infections as primary care before seeking conventional treatment at hospitals. Members of the genus Ficus (Moraceae) are traditionally used in Zambia against many diseases caused by bacterial, fungal and protozoal infections. Thus according to the plant parts used traditionally for herbal preparations, aerial and root parts of eight Ficus species namely; F. ingens, F. lutea, F. natalensis, F. ovata, F. sansibarica subsp. macrosperma, F. sycomorus subsp. gnaphalocarpa, F. sycomorus subsp. sycomorus and F. wakefieldii were collected from different parts of Zambia. The main aim of this thesis was to evaluate the medicinal potential of members of the genus Ficus. This was achieved by three objectives, which involved the phytochemical profiling of the crude extracts and subextracts of the Ficus for their constituents using chromatographic methods such as thin layer chromatography (TLC), proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Secondly, the extracts were screened for various biological activities after which they were evaluated against recombinant FAS-II elongation enzymes, FabG, FabI and FabZ as potential targets in liver stage malaria parasites. In this case, finely ground dried plant material was extracted with methanol (MeOH) to yield the crude methanol extracts (CR-MeOH) which, were further partitioned to provide a coarse separation of the crude extracts according to polarity. The three subextracts obtained included n-hexane, chloroform (CHCl3) and aqueous methanol (aq-MeOH). The obtained extracts and subextracts were screened for biological activities such as: antifungal and antibacterial activities using the broth dilution and agar disc diffusion assays, antitubercular activity using the MTT assay, antischistosomal activity using the microscopic in vitro assay. In addition, antiprotozoal activitites which included antileshmanial activity using an assay against amastigotes of L. donovani strain MHOM/ET/67/L82, trypanocidal activity against T. cruzi and T. brucei rhodesiense STIB 900 strain, and antiplasmodial activity by modified [3H]-hypoxanthine incorporation assay, using the chloroquine/pyrimethamine resistant K1 strain were performed. Cytotoxity activity was also performed using rat skeletal myoblasts L6-cells. The chemical profiling was done by TLC, NMR and RP-HPLC. Meanwhile the chemical compound isolation for F. sansibarica was attempted by different chromatographic techniques and characterization by spectroscopic methods. The phytochemical profiling revealed the presence of closely related polyphenolic compounds to which some of the biological activities were attributed to. For instance, the antibacterial and the FAS-II enzyme inhibition activities were mostly retained in the aq-MeOH subextracts, which were composed of very polar metabolites including flavonoids. Antiplasmodial activity was observed mostly in the less polar metabolites which were retained in the hexane and CHCl3 subextracts of the stem barks. This pattern was similar with antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial activities, though with lesser sensitivity. The same subextracts including those of the root barks showed the most activity against M. tuberculosis with MIC values of 256 and 128 μg/ml, and against Schistosoma, for both larval and adult worms. The extracts did not exert any antifungal activity by the agar disc diffusion method we used. Detailed phytochemical investigation of the leaves of F. sansibarica was performed, and led to the isolation of two compounds; epicatechin and apigenin-6-C-glucoside from the chloroform and aq. MeOH subextracts respectively. The predominant constituent of the CR-MeOH extract of F. sansibarica was identified as having a molecular weight of 432 g/mol by LC-MS analysis which could be set as an identification chemical marker for F. sansibarica. The results highlight the potential that Ficus species could have as a valuable source for potent compounds which can be identified as scaffolds for the development of novel liver stage antimalarial drugs. Our results support previous research on the antimicrobial activity of Ficus species and they also provide an in vitro scientific basis supporting the use of Ficus species in traditional herbal preparations against some bacterial and parasitic infections.

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BUSA', Rosalia. "Evaluation of antitumor and immunomodulatory properties of Indicaxanthin from Opuntia Ficus Indica (L. Mill) fruit." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/395264.

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Cancer is a growing health problem around the world and according to estimates from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 14.1 million new cancer cases and 8.2 million cancer deaths worldwide have been reported in 2012 (Ferlay et al., 2015). By 2030, the global burden is expected to grow to 21.7 million new cancer cases and 13 million cancer deaths simply due to the growth and aging of the population. Indicaxanthin ((2S)-2,3-dihydro-4-[2-[(2S)-2a-carboxypyrrolidin-1- yl]ethenyl]pyridine-2a,6-dicarboxylic acid), a betalain pigment from cactus pear fruit, has been the object of sound experimental work over the latest years. As many phytochemicals, indicaxanthin is a redox-active compound and has been shown to act as antioxidant in a number of in vitro studies (Allegra et al., 2005; Turco Liveri et al., 2009). Interestingly, thanks to its charged portions, ionizable groups and lipophilic moieties, it is amphiphilic at physiological pH (Turco Liveri et al., 2009) and has been demonstrated to interact with cell membranes (Tesoriere et al., 2006; Turco Liveri et al., 2009). This feature is critical to allow bioactive compounds to interact with cells and to initiate signaling events. In this regard, indicaxanthin has been showed to modulate specific redox-dependent signaling pathways involved in macrophage activation and apoptosis, epithelial and endothelial dysfunction in vitro (Allegra et al., 2014; Tesoriere et al., 2015). Remarkably, and in contrast with the majority of dietary phytochemicals, indicaxanthin is highly bioavailable (Tesoriere et al., 2004). The molecule has been shown to cross unaltered intestinal epithelial cell in vitro being absorbed through paracellular junctions (Tesoriere et al., 2013). In line with that, indicaxanthin has been found in human plasma at a 7 μM peak concentration 3 h after the ingestion of four cactus pear fruits containing 28 mg of the pigment (Tesoriere et al., 2004). Moreover, its amphiphilicity allows it to cross the blood-brain-barrier and localize within the CNS (Allegra et al., 2015). Finally, thanks to its bioavailability and redox-modulating properties, indicaxanthin exerts significant pharmacological effects in vivo. Indeed, oral administration of the PhC at nutritionally-relevant doses (2 μmol/kg) generates, in rats, a plasma peak concentration of 0.2 μM able to exert strong anti-inflammatory effects in an in vivo model of acute inflammation (Allegra et al., 2014). The causative link between inflammation and melanoma has accurately been explored in the recent years (Bald et al., 2014; Meyer et al., 2011; Reinhardt et al., 2017; Soudja et al., 2010). Experiments in mice revealed that UV-induced skin inflammatory responses can cause the reactive proliferation and migration of melanocytes (Zaidi et al., 2011). More recently, it has been shown that reciprocal interactions between melanoma and immune cells in a pro-inflammatory microenvironment provide a source of phenotypic heterogeneity that drives therapy resistance and metastasis (Bald et al., 2014; Landsberg et al., 2012). In keeping this perspective, we decided to investigate the effects of Indicaxanthin against human melanoma cell proliferation and in a model of cutaneous melanoma. We here demonstrate that indicaxanthin induces apoptosis of human melanoma cells through the inhibition of the NF-κB pathway and the downstream anti-apoptotic signaling events in vitro and these effects were paralleled in vivo in a murine model of melanoma. Finally, preliminary data on six healthy volunteers, showed that indicaxanthin is able to modulate TNF- and Il-6 production in a whole blood ex vivo model. Furthermore, the phytochemical induces an increase in the phagocytosis of 5 different Gram-negative pathogens on whole blood assay, without exerting antimicrobial effects on them. Interestingly, preliminary data on 4 of the 6 volunteers showed that the observed effects maybe attributed to the modulation of LTB4 levels, strictly correlated to the activation of immune cells.

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Obst, Katja [Verfasser], Karl-Heinz [Akademischer Betreuer] Engel, and Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Hofmann. "Phytochemical Characterization and Sensory Evaluation of Macropiper excelsum / Katja Obst. Gutachter: Karl-Heinz Engel ; Thomas Hofmann. Betreuer: Karl-Heinz Engel." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1068002247/34.

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Deliwe, Mzonke. "Pharmacological evaluation of antidiarrhoeal and antidiabetic activities of Syzygium Cordatum Hochst. ex C. Krauss." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9985_1351170857.

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Syzygium cordatum is a medicinal plant indigenous to South Africa and Mozambique, commonly used to treat stomach aches, diabetes, respiratory problems and tuberculosis. In spite of the folklore use, adequate scientific data to credit its widespread traditional use is lacking. The objectives of this study were: to evaluate and validate scientifically the successful therapeutic claims by traditional medicine practitioners that Syzygium cordatum is effective in treating diarrhoea and diabetes
to determine the effects of the plant extract on gastrointestinal transit of a charcoal meal in mice
to determine the effects on castor oilinduced intestinal fluid accumulation
to determine the safety profile of the plant by carrying out acute toxicology study and to carry out preliminary screening of the active compounds present in the plant using standard phytochemical analytical procedures. The aqueous leaf extract of Syzygium cordatum (3.125 -50mg/kg, p.o) significantly reduced the faecal output caused by castor oil (0.7ml). All the doses used, reduced faecal output from 100% produced by castor oil to between 40 and 61%. S.cordatum (6.25 &ndash
50mg/kg, p.o) significantly and in a dose dependent manner, delayed the onset of castor oil-induced diarrhoea.

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Books on the topic "Phytochemical evaluation"

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Vazhacharickal, Prem Jose, Athira Vasanthan, and John Joseph. Evaluation of Anti-Microbial and Anti-Oxidant and Phytochemical Activity of Eupatorium Triplinerve Vahl Against Wound Infections. Independently Published, 2018.

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Williams, Cheryll. Phytochemistry of Australia's Tropical Rainforest. CSIRO Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486307593.

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Rare, unique and irreplaceable – precious native rainforests occupy a precariously small part of Australia while retaining a remarkable level of both biological and chemical diversity unrivalled by any other ecosystem. Australia's ancient history and traditions are intimately intertwined with the rainforest plants that humans have utilised as both food and medicine. Phytochemistry of Australia's Tropical Rainforest is a record of this history and details how our understanding of these plants has led to the discovery of anaesthetics, analgesics, steroids, antimalarials and more. It provides an insight into the habitat, ecology and family associations of hundreds of species and explores their future therapeutic potential, alongside phytochemical studies of the ancient plant lineages. Toxicological evaluations of important poisonous plants are also included. Rainforests provide shelter for unique flora and fauna that are counted among the rarest species on Earth, many of which are illustrated in this book. This comprehensive work is an essential reference for phytochemists, ethnobotanists and those with an interest in rainforests and their medicinal and botanical potential.

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Book chapters on the topic "Phytochemical evaluation"

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Maduabuchi, Ezealisiji Kenneth. "Chemometric Evaluation of Phytochemical Principles in Cameroonian Plants." In Natural Products Chemistry of Botanical Medicines from Cameroonian Plants, 99–122. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429506734-5.

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Ergin, Kübra Nalkiran, Oksana Sytar, and Songül Karakaya. "Phytochemical Characterization and Evaluation of Pharmacological Activities of Hypericum Scabrum." In Biomolecules and Pharmacology of Medicinal Plants, 337–53. New York: Apple Academic Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003284468-28.

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Sinha, Sankar Narayan, and Karabi Biswas. "Phytochemical Screening and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Potential of Dendrobium fimbriatum Hook." In Orchid Biology: Recent Trends & Challenges, 531–38. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9456-1_28.

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Owk, Aniel Kumar, and Mutyala Naidu Lagudu. "Aegle marmelos (Rutaceae): Evaluation of Root Phytochemical Constituents for Antimicrobial Activity." In Medicinal Plants: Biodiversity, Sustainable Utilization and Conservation, 573–82. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1636-8_34.

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Tiwari, Shikha, and Nawal Kishore Dubey. "Phytochemical Evaluation and Biological Activity of Syzygium aromaticum L. Essential Oil." In Bioactives and Pharmacology of Medicinal Plants, 371–89. Boca Raton: Apple Academic Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003281702-29.

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Satya, Veena, and Nutan Rajput. "Phytochemical Evaluation of Leucas Urticaefolia (Vahl) R.Br. Ex Sm. (Family: Lamiaceae)." In Bioactives and Pharmacology of Lamiaceae, 95–101. New York: Apple Academic Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003346142-8.

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Pandey, Renu. "Phytochemical Evaluation and Biotechnological Approach for the Conservation of Some Medicinal Plants." In Omics Studies of Medicinal Plants, 279–308. New York: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003179139-14.

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Priya, R. Arul, K. Saravanan, and Chukwuebuka Egbuna. "Phytochemical Investigation and Evaluation of Anti-Breast Cancer Activity of Chloroform Extract of Tagetes erecta." In Drug Development for Cancer and Diabetes, 153–66. Includes bibliographical references and index.: Apple Academic Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429330490-13.

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Singh, Gurmeet, Shridevi Gothe, Nadana Vinayagan, and Smriti Chawala. "Chapter 10. Pharmacological Potential and Phytochemical Evaluation of Emblica officinalis: A Wonder Herb in Ayurveda." In Chemistry, Biological Activities and Therapeutic Applications of Medicinal Plants in Ayurveda, 221–49. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781839166211-00221.

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Singh, Rashmi, Haamid Rasheed, Suhail Ahmed, Harjeet Singh, and Alok Sharma. "Chapter 7. Most Modern Approach to the Phytochemical Evaluation and Use of Pepper Species in Ayurvedic Formulations." In Chemistry, Biological Activities and Therapeutic Applications of Medicinal Plants in Ayurveda, 148–75. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781839166211-00148.

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Conference papers on the topic "Phytochemical evaluation"

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Sreekumar, Krishnendu, and Aji Abraham. "Phytochemical, antimicrobial and antioxidant evaluation of Gulgulupanchapala choornam." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS: STAM 20. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0017676.

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Bakoush, Sumaia Mohamed Mohamed, Wan Ahmad Yaacob, Jumaat Adam, and Nazlina Ibrahim. "Phytochemical properties and cytotoxicity evaluation of the aqueous extracts from Rafflesia cantleyi." In THE 2015 UKM FST POSTGRADUATE COLLOQUIUM: Proceedings of the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Science and Technology 2015 Postgraduate Colloquium. AIP Publishing LLC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4931236.

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Devi, Parvesh, Sushila Singh, Promila, and Pragya. "Phytochemical screening and evaluation of antifungal activity from Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. stem." In ADVANCES IN BASIC SCIENCE (ICABS 2019). AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5122632.

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Silva, O., M. Malmir, K. Lima, P. Duarte, R. Serrano, I. M. da Silva, M. Caniça, and B. Silva Lima. "Phytochemical, pre-clinical safety and efficacy evaluation of two Portuguese Asphodelus leaf extracts." In GA – 70th Annual Meeting 2022. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1759201.

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Chen, C., M. De Gasperi, R. Salcedo, D. Cavazos, and L. deGraffenried. "Evaluation of the Phytochemical Anethole as an Anti-Tumor Agent in MCF-7 Cells." In Abstracts: Thirty-Second Annual CTRC‐AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium‐‐ Dec 10‐13, 2009; San Antonio, TX. American Association for Cancer Research, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-09-3100.

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Matkowski, A., A. Jezierska-Domaradzka, M. Malicki, M. Nabulsi, Z. Zabagło, and W. Kozłowska. "Phytochemical evaluation of Meum athamanticum Jacq, a traditional aromatic and liqueur plant of European mountains." In GA – 70th Annual Meeting 2022. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1759160.

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Argyropoulou, A., M. Vanioti, E. Thoma, A. S. Papathanasiou, A. D. Sklirou, X. P. Louka, I. P. Trougakos, and A. L. Skaltsounis. "Phytochemical analysis and evaluation of the antioxidant activity of edible green plants growing in Greece." In GA – 69th Annual Meeting 2021, Virtual conference. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1736849.

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Richmond, Oliver H., and Zhengxin Wang. "Abstract 4713: Extraction, purification and evaluation of prmt5-inhibitory phytochemical compounds for the treatment of prostate adenocarcinoma." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2019; March 29-April 3, 2019; Atlanta, GA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-4713.

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Richmond, Oliver H., and Zhengxin Wang. "Abstract 4713: Extraction, purification and evaluation of prmt5-inhibitory phytochemical compounds for the treatment of prostate adenocarcinoma." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2019; March 29-April 3, 2019; Atlanta, GA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-4713.

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Anagnostou, C., A. Papachristodoulou, S. Beteinakis, M. Dionysopoulou, S. Dimou, G. Diallinas, and M. Halabalaki. "Phytochemical investigation, characterization and antimicrobial evaluation of the extracts and isolated compounds of Pistachia lentiscus var Chia leaves." In GA – 69th Annual Meeting 2021, Virtual conference. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1736941.

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Reports on the topic "Phytochemical evaluation"

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Mayanja, Maureen Nanziri, Rebecca Nalubega, John R. S. Tabuti, and Collins Grace Atuheire. Effectiveness of Ethnoveterinary Medicinal Plants of Eastern Africa in Control of Livestock Pests or Disease Pathogens: A Systematic Review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.9.0006.

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Review question / Objective: a) What is the current state and distribution of evidence on medicinal plants for ethnoveterinary practice in livestock keeping communities in Eastern Africa? b) What evidence exists about the pharmacological activities and effectiveness in control of livestock pests or disease pathogens, of ethnoveterinary medicinal plants accessible to the drylands of Eastern Africa? Information sources: This systematic review will consider both experimental and quasi-experimental evaluation studies that report positive outcomes; in-vivo and in-vitro assays and phytochemical composition assessment. Qualitative studies that focus on ethnoveterinary medicinal plant use including, but not limited to qualitative description and action research, will also be considered. In addition, systematic reviews that meet the inclusion criteria will be considered.

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