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Journal articles on the topic 'Phytochemical'
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1
Dey, Priyankar, Somit Dutta, Anurag Chowdhury, Abhaya Prasad Das, and Tapas Kumar Chaudhuri. "Variation in Phytochemical Composition Reveals Distinct Divergence of Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. From Other Aloe Species: Rationale Behind Selective Preference of Aloe vera in Nutritional and Therapeutic Use." Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine 22, no. 4 (March 23, 2017): 624–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2156587217698292.
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In the present study, we have phytochemically characterized 5 different abundant Aloe species, including Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f., using silylation followed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry technique and compared the data using multivariate statistical analysis. The results demonstrated clear distinction of the overall phytochemical profile of A vera, highlighted by its divergent spatial arrangement in the component plot. Lowest correlation of the phytochemical profiles were found between A vera and A aristata Haw. (−0.626), whereas highest correlation resided between A aristata and A aspera Haw. (0.899). Among the individual phytochemicals, palmitic acid was identified in highest abundance cumulatively, and carboxylic acids were the most predominant phytochemical species in all the Aloe species. Compared to A vera, linear correlation analysis revealed highest and lowest correlation with A aspera ( R2 = 0.9162) and A aristata ( R2 = 0.6745), respectively. Therefore, A vera demonstrated distinct spatial allocation, reflecting its greater phytochemical variability.
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Makwana, Hiren V., Priyanka G. Pandey, and Binita A. Desai. "Phytochemical Analysis and Evaluation of Total Phenolic Content of Algal Biomass Found in Tapi River in Surat." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 4 (April 30, 2022): 2783–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41897.
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Abstract: The present study aims to assess the phytochemicals of algal biomass which has seven species identified microscopically. The qualitative phytochemical analysis was done on all the biomass in the Tapi River, Surat in Gujarat. For the qualitative phytochemical analysis total 12 different parameters were analysed and used on algal biomass. Extract prepared in water. Amongst the water extract showed the presence of a maximum number of phytochemical compounds. Next to that, water extract showed alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, phytosterol, coumarins, tannins, diterpenes, and quinones, carbohydrates, The protein present in algal biomass. The evaluation of total phenolic content presence in algal biomass. Keywords: Algal biomass, Phytochemical analysis, Algae, Phytochemicals, Total phenol content, Qualitative analysis of biomass, Tapi, Biomass Extract, Algae extract.
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Grădinaru, Teodora-Cristiana, Marilena Gilca, Adelina Vlad, and Dorin Dragoș. "Relevance of Phytochemical Taste for Anti-Cancer Activity: A Statistical Inquiry." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 22 (November 12, 2023): 16227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216227.
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Targeting inflammation and the pathways linking inflammation with cancer is an innovative therapeutic strategy. Tastants are potential candidates for this approach, since taste receptors display various biological functions, including anti-inflammatory activity (AIA). The present study aims to explore the power different tastes have to predict a phytochemical’s anti-cancer properties. It also investigates whether anti-inflammatory phytocompounds also have anti-cancer effects, and whether there are tastes that can better predict a phytochemical’s bivalent biological activity. Data from the PlantMolecularTasteDB, containing a total of 1527 phytochemicals, were used. Out of these, only 624 phytocompounds met the inclusion criterion of having 40 hits in a PubMed search, using the name of the phytochemical as the keyword. Among them, 461 phytochemicals were found to possess anti-cancer activity (ACA). The AIA and ACA of phytochemicals were strongly correlated, irrespective of taste/orosensation or chemical class. Bitter taste was positively correlated with ACA, while sweet taste was negatively correlated. Among chemical classes, only flavonoids (which are most frequently bitter) had a positive association with both AIA and ACA, a finding confirming that taste has predictive primacy over chemical class. Therefore, bitter taste receptor agonists and sweet taste receptor antagonists may have a beneficial effect in slowing down the progression of inflammation to cancer.
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Palmer-Young, Evan C., Ryan S. Schwarz, Yanping Chen, and Jay D. Evans. "Can floral nectars reduce transmission of Leishmania?" PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 16, no. 5 (May 12, 2022): e0010373. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010373.
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Background Insect-vectored Leishmania are responsible for loss of more disability-adjusted life years than any parasite besides malaria. Elucidation of the environmental factors that affect parasite transmission by vectors is essential to develop sustainable methods of parasite control that do not have off-target effects on beneficial insects or environmental health. Many phytochemicals that inhibit growth of sand fly-vectored Leishmania—which have been exhaustively studied in the search for phytochemical-based drugs—are abundant in nectars, which provide sugar-based meals to infected sand flies. Principle findings In a quantitative meta-analysis, we compare inhibitory phytochemical concentrations for Leishmania to concentrations present in floral nectar and pollen. We show that nectar concentrations of several flowering plant species exceed those that inhibit growth of Leishmania cell cultures, suggesting an unexplored, landscape ecology-based approach to reduce Leishmania transmission. Significance If nectar compounds are as effective against parasites in the sand fly gut as predicted from experiments in vitro, strategic planting of antiparasitic phytochemical-rich floral resources or phytochemically enriched baits could reduce Leishmania loads in vectors. Such interventions could provide an environmentally friendly complement to existing means of disease control.
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Andianto, Imam Wahyudi, Rita Kartika Sari, Gustan Pari, and Yanico Hadi Prayogo. "Phytochemical Profile of Rhizophora apiculata, Bruguiera gymnorhiza, and Bruguiera cylindrica for Wood Identification." Jurnal Sylva Lestari 12, no. 2 (May 11, 2024): 435–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jsl.v12i2.884.
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Identification of wood species that are difficult to distinguish from their anatomical structure can be done through phytochemical (extractive substance) profiling. This research aimed to analyze the phytochemical profile as a sorter for three species of mangrove wood from Indramayu and Cilacap Regencies, Indonesia, using the liquid chromatography-mass spectrum. The phytochemical markers of taxonomic were the dominant compounds only found in one wood species. The results showed that the three types of wood are dominated by phytochemicals dissolved in ethanol. The results of LCMS analysis of the ethanol extract showed that the phytochemical markers were triterpenoid, flavonoid, and fatty acyls glycoside groups for Rhizophora apiculata, steroid and naphthalene groups for Bruguiera gymnorhiza, and alkaloid as well as fatty amide group for Bruguiera cylindrica. The dominant compounds that characterize these can be used in sorting between mangrove wood species. Keywords: characterizer, compound, mangrove, phytochemicals
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Vuppu, Suneetha, Toshika Mishra, Shatakshi Mishra, Stany B, and Anushka Das. "Phytochemical-loaded Nanoparticles in COVID-19 Management." Natural Resources for Human Health 4, no. 1 (December 7, 2023): 51–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.53365/nrfhh/176325.
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A phytochemical-loaded nanoparticle is an important therapeutic agent that aids in enhancing the bioavailability of phytochemicals of lower water solubility and delivering the phytochemicals to the site of infection in a targeted manner. This strategy has also been developed for the management of COVID-19. They can be used as antiviral medication carriers, causing the direct death of viral particles and imitating the host in order to neutralize viral processes. In the formulation of phytochemical-loaded nanoparticles against SARS-CoV-2, different categories of nanoparticles, including inorganic, lipid-based, and polymeric nanoparticles, are used. Numerous phytochemicals belonging to the classes of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenes, terpenoids, saponins, glycosides, polyphenols, and lignans, that demonstrate effective antiviral properties are utilized for the phytochemical-loaded nanoparticles. This approach results in increased solubility and stability of the phytochemicals with lower systemic toxicity, in addition to site-specific delivery. The combination therapy delivers multiple therapeutic agents at the site of infection. It can also be administered directly to the respiratory system by inhalation delivery. Therefore, this approach can potentially inhibit the application of phytochemical-loaded nanoparticles for the treatment of COVID-19, which is still in its replication of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and reduces the severity of the disease. The infancy and a number of obstacles must be overcome prior to their widespread use.
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Sridhar, Nimmakayala, Suguna Lakshmi Duggirala, and Goverdhan Puchchakayala. "Analyzing the phytochemical composition of Justicia neesii Ramam." Journal of Phytopharmacology 3, no. 5 (October 25, 2014): 348–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2014.3508.
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Phytochemical profile is an important aspect as it will give an over view of possible pharmacological properties of the plant. Justicia neesii is a plant belongs to Acanthaceae family, on which no significant phytochemical and pharmacological was done. The objective of the present study is to elucidate the phytochemical profile and analysis of antioxidant properties by TLC method. The phytochemical analysis was done for screening the maximum number of phytochemicals using standard methods. The TLC plates were developed with a solvent system containing methanol: chloroform: hexane at a ratio of 7:2:1. Ascorbic acid was used as positive control and a blank TLC plate was used as negative control in the experiment. The diluted DPPH in methanol was sprayed on the developed plates and observed under UV light. The preliminary phytochemical analysis shows the presence of flavonoids, glycosides, lactones, lignins, phenols, phytosterols, quinins, reducing sugars, saponins and terpinoids. The TLC analysis has shown the higher intensity of yellow color for the test spots which indicating the higher antioxidant potential of plant extract compared to standard ascorbic acid after treatment with DPPH solution. The plant is having good antioxidant potential. The plant was also composed of many significant phytochemicals.
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A, Dalhatu. "Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Analysis and Medicinal uses of Hibiscus sabdariffa (Zobo) and Hyphaene thebaica (Goriba)." Arid Zone Journal of Basic and Applied Research 2, no. 1 (March 31, 2023): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.55639/607.4656.
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Hibiscus sabdariffa and Hyphaene thebaica commonly refers to as Zobo and Goriba respectively are edible plants commonly used in making beverages in Nigeria. These two plants have been linked with salutary effects when consumed and are considered to be of great public health importance. This study aims to conduct qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis of Hybiscus sabdariffa and Hyphaene thebaica. Phytochemical compounds were extracted from the plants by the soxhlet hot percolation method using methanol as a solvent. Qualitative phytochemical analysis was conducted for alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, resins, saponins, steroids, tannins and reducing sugar. Quantitative phytochemical analysis was done for alkaloids, total phenolics, total flavonoids, tannins, saponins and glycosides following standard procedures. The phytochemical analysis of both plant species exhibited the presence of alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, saponins and total glycosides in considerable quantity. The result Hibiscus sabdariffa leaves extract contains phytochemicals in considerable quantity with negative results for reducing sugar, resin and phenol while Hyphaene thebaica leaves extract contains phytochemicals in considerable quantity with negative results for steroids. Hence these plants have a potential for anti-oxidants and antihypertensive activities
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Elkhattabi, Lamiae. "Data insights from a Moroccan phytochemical database (MPDB) derived from aromatic & medicinal plants." Bioinformation 19, no. 12 (December 31, 2023): 1217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.6026/973206300191217.
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The geographical location of Morocco and the diversity of its topography ensure a high variability of climate conditions, ranging from humid to Saharan, and extending through subhumid, arid, and semi-arid stages. This variability offers a high floristic diversity, while the medical use of these phytochemicals has not been fully explored. Advanced computer-aided drug discovery utilizes chemical biology to accelerate the study of phytochemicals at the molecular level and discover novel therapeutic pathways. Currently, there is no online resource for phytochemicals in Morocco. Therefore, it is of interest to describe the Moroccan Phytochemicals Database (MPDB), accessible, featuring over 600 phytochemicals derived from journal articles and other reports. The web interface of the database, which is simple and easy to use, provides each phytochemical's reference, plant sources, 3D structures, and all related information. Furthermore, we provide direct links to commercially available analogs from Mcule. In addition, we provide the results of the first virtual screening against cardiovascular targets. We present these data to facilitate further exploration and exploitation of Morocco's rich phytochemical resources, and to contribute to the global understanding and application of these compounds in the medical and scientific communities.
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Dr.Md.RageebMd.Usman, Dr Md RageebMd Usman, Dr GautamP Vadnere, and Rohit Patil. "Prelimineary Phytochemical Analysis of EmblicaOfficinalis Seed." Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 23, no. 06 (June 19, 2021): 1158–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.51201/jusst/21/05392.
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Phytochemical investigation of n-butanol extract of Emblica Officinalis Seed. This research is to check the phytochemical agent determination by various methods. A study is done to check the test for carbohydrate and protein, saponin, terpenoid, tannins, glycosides, alkaloid by the procedure performed to find the chemical observed in Emblicaofficinalis seed. Investing the phytochemicals present in the n-butanol extract of Emblica Officinalis seed by using in-vitro methods to check the phytochemical agent present or absent in the plant.
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Goyal, Pragya, Arpan Bhardwaj, Darshana Mehta, and B. K. Mehta. "Emblica officinalis seed coat: Extraction and their preliminaryphytochemical analysis." International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research 9, no. 1 (January 30, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.22192/ijamr.2022.09.01.001.
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Preliminary screening of phytochemicals is a valuable step, in the detection of thebioactive principles present in amla and subsequently may lead to drug discoveryand development. In the present study, chief phytoconstituents of the amla wereidentified to relate their presence with the bioactivities of the plants. Thepreliminary phytochemical of amla leaf and bark were analyzed by researchers andits efficacy of amla fruit is widely proved. This paper also shows the presence of phytochemical series of compounds effectively. Keywords: Medicinal plants, Preliminary screening, phytochemical properties.
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Poongodi K and Tamiliniyan P. "Qualitative phytochemical assessment of Leucas aspera (willd.) Link using various solvent extracts." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL4 (December 21, 2020): 915–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl4.4224.
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Leucas aspera (Willd.) Linn. belonging to family Lamiaceae is well-known as ‘Thumbai' in Tamil Nadu with traditional medicinal value as an antipyretic and insecticide. The current research work has been carried out to screen the phytochemical content of the aqueous, hexane, ethanol and methanol extract from the whole plant of Leucas aspera. The percentage of yield of the extracts varied according to the organic solvents used in which aqueous yielded 5.4% and methanol yielded 7.8%, respectively. Among the 11 phytochemicals screened, the whole-plant extract showed the presence of 10 phytochemicals. The phytochemical screening result showed that the carbohydrate, protein, lipids, alkaloids, saponins, glycosides, tannins, flavonoids, triterpenoids and phenols were present in the plant sample. Among the different solvent extract, methanol extract exhibited more number of phytochemical presence, and aqueous extract showed the least number of phytochemical presence. Among the different phytochemicals screened, carbohydrates, alkaloids, saponins, glycosides, tannins were present in all the solvent extracts. In contrast, steroids were absent in all the solvent extracts, and lipid was present only in methanol extract. The result suggested that the presence of secondary metabolites of Leucas aspera could be a potential source for antimicrobial, antioxidant activity and cytotoxic activity and the methanolic extract of Leucas aspera could be explored for its potent pharmacological activities.
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Nongmaithem, B. D., and A. K. Chinnappan. "Characterisation and phytochemical profile of sunlight exposed freeze-dried oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) powder." Food Research 7, Supplementary 4 (November 13, 2023): 160–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.7(s4).6.
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Mushrooms are vitamin B and D rich fungi which belong to the division Basidiomycota. Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) has distinct flavour, contains high nutrients and phytochemicals. Phytochemicals are naturally existing compounds which play with nutrients to protect against diseases. The aim of the study is to characterise and compare the phytochemical profile of sunlight exposed freeze-dried oyster mushroom (SEFDOM) powder and non-sunlight exposed freeze-dried oyster mushroom (NSEFDOM) powder. The phytochemical constituents of both SEFDOM and NSEFDOM powder were extracted using aqueous, methanol and ethanol. Eighteen metabolites were screened for all the three solvents for both the samples. The phytochemical screening showed that the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, sterols, proteins, carbohydrates, saponins for both samples were detected while other remaining metabolites were not detected. The results showed that the metabolites such as alkaloids, sterols, anthraquinones and carbohydrates were appreciable in the NSEFDOM powder group when compared to SEFDOM powder samples. Protein content was found to be high in SEFDOM powder group with ethanol extraction. The overall phytochemical extraction efficiency is high in methanol solvent. This study found that the amount of phytochemical content in non-sunlight exposed freeze-dried oyster mushroom powder was higher than sunlight exposed oyster mushroom powder.
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Filion, Vicky J., Ammar Saleem, Guy Rochefort, Marc Allard, Alain Cuerrier, and John T. Arnason. "Phytochemical Analysis of Nunavik Rhodiola rosea L." Natural Product Communications 3, no. 5 (May 2008): 1934578X0800300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x0800300510.
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This is the first report on the phytochemistry of Nunavik (Québec, Canada) populations of Rhodiola rosea L., a medicinal plant widely used in Eurasia as a tonic and adaptogen. The wild harvested rhizome of the Nunavik populations contained the marker phytochemicals (salidroside, rosarin, rosavin and rosin) reported in authentic Eurasian material, although in lesser amount. Phytochemical profiling by HPLC of the Nunavik populations also showed the presence of new marker compounds not found in the Eurasian material. For quantitative analysis of the phytochemicals, method validation was undertaken, and the marker phytochemicals were measured in the rhizome, leaf, stem, and seeds. The rhizome showed the highest amount of salidroside and rosavins, as well as the highest total phytochemical content. Consequently, the rhizome remains the most medicinally valuable part of R. rosea.
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Lutfiyah, Dhea Sultana, Lili Fitriani, Muhammad Taher, and Erizal Zaini. "Crystal Engineering Approach in Physicochemical Properties Modifications of Phytochemical." Science and Technology Indonesia 7, no. 3 (July 28, 2022): 353–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.26554/sti.2022.7.3.353-371.
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Phytochemicals have been used to reduce the risk of diseases and maintain good health and well-being. However, most phytochemicals have a limitation in their physicochemical properties, which can be modified by reforming the shape of the crystals. Therefore, crystal engineering is a promising approach to optimize physicochemical characteristics of the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in a phytochemical without altering its pharmacological efficacy. Hence, this paper reviews current strategies for the use of crystal engineering to optimize physicochemical properties of phytochemicals, which is followed by the design of the synthesis and characterization of particular phytochemicals, including piperine (PIP), quercetin (QUE), curcumin (CUR), genistein (GEN), and myricetin (MYR). The literature indicates that crystal engineering of multicomponent crystals (MCCs) enhances phytochemical physicochemical properties, including solubility, dissolution rate, stability, and permeability. The MCCs provide a lower lattice energy and noncovalent bonding, which translate into lower melting points and weak intermolecular interactions that generate greater solubility, higher dissolution rate, and better stability of the APIs. Nevertheless, the absence of reported studies of phytochemical crystal engineering leads to a lack of variation in the selection of coformers, methods of preparation, and improvement of physicochemical properties. Therefore, more extensive evaluation of the design and physicochemical characteristics of phytochemicals using MCCs is necessary and manifests the opportunity to enhance the application of phytochemicals in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Bolling, Bradley W., C. Y. Oliver Chen, Diane L. McKay, and Jeffrey B. Blumberg. "Tree nut phytochemicals: composition, antioxidant capacity, bioactivity, impact factors. A systematic review of almonds, Brazils, cashews, hazelnuts, macadamias, pecans, pine nuts, pistachios and walnuts." Nutrition Research Reviews 24, no. 2 (December 2011): 244–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095442241100014x.
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Tree nuts contain an array of phytochemicals including carotenoids, phenolic acids, phytosterols and polyphenolic compounds such as flavonoids, proanthocyanidins (PAC) and stilbenes, all of which are included in nutrient databases, as well as phytates, sphingolipids, alkylphenols and lignans, which are not. The phytochemical content of tree nuts can vary considerably by nut type, genotype, pre- and post-harvest conditions, as well as storage conditions. Genotype affects phenolic acids, flavonoids, stilbenes and phytosterols, but data are lacking for many other phytochemical classes. During the roasting process, tree nut isoflavones, flavanols and flavonols were found to be more resistant to heat than the anthocyanins, PAC and trans-resveratrol. The choice of solvents used for extracting polyphenols and phytosterols significantly affects their quantification, and studies validating these methods for tree nut phytochemicals are lacking. The phytochemicals found in tree nuts have been associated with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, antiviral, chemopreventive and hypocholesterolaemic actions, all of which are known to affect the initiation and progression of several pathogenic processes. While tree nut phytochemicals are bioaccessible and bioavailable in humans, the number of intervention trials conducted to date is limited. The objectives of the present review are to summarise tree nut: (1) phytochemicals; (2) phytochemical content included in nutrient databases and current publications; (3) phytochemicals affected by pre- and post-harvest conditions and analytical methodology; and (4) bioactivity and health benefits in humans.
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Rathaur, Pooja, and Kaid Johar SR. "Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics of Phytochemicals in the Human Body." Current Drug Metabolism 20, no. 14 (February 25, 2020): 1085–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389200221666200103090757.
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Background: Phytochemicals are obtained from various plants and used for the treatment of diseases as both traditional and modern medicines. Poor bioavailability of phytochemicals is a major concern in applying phytochemicals as a therapeutic agent. It is, therefore, necessary to understand the metabolism and pharmacokinetics of phytochemicals for its implication as a therapeutic agent. Methods: Articles on the metabolism of phytochemicals from the PubMed database. The articles were classified into the digestion, absorption, metabolism, excretion, toxicity, and bioavailability of phytochemicals and the effect of gut microbiota on the metabolism of phytochemicals. Results: The metabolism of each phytochemical is largely dependent on the individual's digestive ability, membrane transporters, metabolizing enzymes and gut microbiota. Further, the form of the phytochemical and genetic make-up of the individual greatly influences the metabolism of phytochemicals. Conclusion: The metabolism of phytochemicals is mostly depended on the form of phytochemicals and individualspecific variations in the metabolism of phytochemicals. Understanding the metabolism and pharmacokinetics of phytochemicals might help in applying plant-based medicines for the treatment of various diseases.
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Niranjanadevi, M., and K. Sivakumar. "Phytochemical screening of Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. treated with seaweed liquid fertilizer." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 8, no. 6-s (December 15, 2018): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i6-s.2195.
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Premise of the study: The objective of the work is to manitor the phytochemicals present in methanolic extract of Lycopersicum esculentum after treatment with different concentrations of seaweed liquid fertilizer (SLF). Methods: In this study SLF treated L.esculentum were characterized through gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy to identify the phytochemicals constituents and functional groups of the compounds. Results: Preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, phenols, carbohydrates, saponins, glycosides, flavonoids, terpinoids. Among the thirty nine phytochemical constituents octa decanoic acid, stigmasterol, hexa decanoic acid and Vitamin E are relatively present in higher yield. The active phytochemical compounds and their constituents were identified with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The retention time, percentage of area, molecular weight and chemical formula of phytochemical compounds were determined with help of NIST08 and WILEY8 libraries. The functional groups identified from the spectrum techniques are alcohol, aldehyde, iso cyanides, alkyl compound and chloro compounds. Accordingly hexadecanic acid, beta.-amyrin, gamma sisterol, octodecanic acid, phytol, stigmasterol, vitamin E, lupeol were derived from SLF treated i.e. compared to control plants. Conclusion: The results of this study offer a platform of using SLF treated L.esculentum has an alternative source for various biological studies and it can be used as functional and pharmaceutical purposes.
Keywords: SLF, Lycopersicum esculentum, Phytochemical, GC-MS and FTIR
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Wakhisi, Charles Wanjala, Gicheru Muita Michael, and Eric Mwangi. "Mineral and Phytochemical Composition of Cleome Gynandra Methanolic Extract." Advanced Journal of Graduate Research 8, no. 1 (April 11, 2020): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/ajgr.8.1.18-26.
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The study was done to evaluate the mineral and phytochemical composition of the methanolic extract of Cleome gynandra (spider plant). The plant is used as a traditional vegetable in some communities in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. The plant has also been reported to have some medicinal effect due to presence of phytochemicals but its pharmacological and phytochemical profile has not been fully established. Collection and authentication of the plant was done followed by extraction using methanol as a solvent. The phytochemical investigation was done using both chemical analysis and chromatography method by use of a Gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GCMS) system as per standard protocol. Cleome gynandra was found to contain some mineral compounds of nutritional importance and phytochemicals with potential medicinal importance. The phytochemicals analyzed include saponins, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, terpanoids and polyphenols. These different phytochemicals can be further studied and their potential medicinal importance analyzed. The study concluded that Cleome gynandra contains phytochemicals with potentially important medicinal value. The plant (Cleome gynandra) can also be used as an important nutritional source of some essential nutrients like Vitamin C and beta carotene. It can also be a good source of some mineral elements like iron, selenium, cobalt, copper, zinc and manganese. This can be important for families in rural areas and for the low-income households in both rural and urban areas as a source of nutrients.
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Iftikhar Ali, Iftikhar Ali, Zulfiqar Ali Zulfiqar Ali, Alishba Alishba, Zamarrud Zamarrud, and Hidayat Hussain and Viqar Uddin Ahmad Hidayat Hussain and Viqar Uddin Ahmad. "Phytochemical Isolation and Biological Activities of Corydalis adiantifolia from Baltistan." Journal of the chemical society of pakistan 41, no. 3 (2019): 535. http://dx.doi.org/10.52568/000758/jcsp/41.03.2019.
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The whole plant material of Corydalis adiantifolia Hook.f. andamp; Thomson was investigated for biological activities e.g. antifungal, antibacterial, insecticidal, cytotoxic, anticancer and phytotoxic activities and preliminary phytochemical screening. The methanol extract and dichloromethane fraction of the plant species exhibited 5% inhibition each against the fungus Aspergillus flavus. The methanol extract and water and dichloromethane fractions exhibited non-significant antibacterial activity and they showed inhibition against Hela cell lines and insignificant insecticidal activity. To understand the bioactive profile of C. adiantifolia, phytochemical screening approach is considered effective. The samples including methanol extract and n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and water fractions were subjected to qualitative phytochemical screening for the presence of various phytochemicals i.e. alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, diterprenes, triterpenoids, anthraquinones, anthranol glycosides, reducing sugars and phenols. The results exhibited the efficacy of methanol extract showing the presence of more phytochemicals in comparison to the fractions of C. adiantifolia. Moreover, as a result of phytochemical isolation, 8-acetonyldihydrosanguinarine (1), β-sitosterol (2) and β-sitosterol-β-D-glucoside (3) were isolated, purified, and characterized by spectroscopic methods. To the best of our knowledge, all this study was carried out for the first time on C. adiantifolia.
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Okereke, A., O. Sanni, J. Mbonu, O. Onuoha, O. A. Tiamiyu, A. R. Adewole, and J. Okpuzor. "Evaluation of Phytochemical Constituents of Fresh Roots Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of the Medicinal Plants of Uvaria chamae, Anthocleista djalonensis and Euadenia eminens." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 27, no. 3 (March 31, 2023): 543–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v27i3.18.
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Phytochemicals are bioactive plant chemicals nutrients typically found in fruits, vegetables, grains, and other plant foods which may provide desirable health benefits beyond basic nutrition and can help reduce risks of major chronic diseases. This study was conducted to evaluate the phytochemical constituents of fresh roots ethanolic and aqueous extracts of medicinal plants of Uvaria chamae, Anthocleista djalonensis and Euadenia eminens using standard methods of phytochemical screening and Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Phytochemical screening revealed a diverse array of phytochemical constituents such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, isoprenoids, steroids, phlobatanins and cardiac glycosides. The results of GC-MS analysis of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of U. chamae revealed the presence of four and fourteen compounds respectively. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of A. djalonensis had ten and seventeen compounds respectively while the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of E. eminens was found to have six and twenty compounds respectively. These results indicate U. chamae, A. djalonensis and E. eminens possess phytochemicals which have potential antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory activity amongst others and as such, can be recommended as plants of phytopharmaceutical importance.
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Abdullah, Fuad O., Faiq H. S. Hussain, Lucia Cucca, and Giovanni Vidari. "Phytochemical Investigation and Antioxidant Effects of Different Solvent Extracts of Pterocephalus Nestorianus Nab. Growing in Kurdistan Region-Iraq." Science Journal of University of Zakho 6, no. 1 (March 30, 2018): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.25271/2018.6.1.439.
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The medicinal plants have been used as a herbal tradition in Kurdistan. Most of the medicinal plants are still not investigated from a phytochemical and biological activity. Therefore, different solvent extraction carried out to study phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of Pterocephalus nestorianus Nab. Through this research, it is reported for the first time that the phytochemicals and antioxidant activity on P. nestorianus Nab. collected at Safeen Mountain in Erbil-Iraq, which was known as a Lawa in Kurdistan. It is used against inflammation and oral diseases. The phytochemical study of four extracts (Hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and methanol 70%) of P. nestorianus flowers, leaves and roots revealed that it contains rich phytochemical composition. C4H8O2 and CH3OH extracts of P. nestorianus showed a high radical scavenging activity compared with trihydroxy benzoic acid as a standard. The flavonoid and phenolic presence showed strong correlation with the antioxidant activity.
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Mascarenhas, Maria Emilia, Cibani Ramesh Mandrekar, Pratiksha Bharat Marathe, and Luena Joey Morais. "PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF SELECTED SPECIES FROM CONVOLVULACEAE." International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research 9, no. 6 (November 14, 2017): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2017v9i6.23438.
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Objective: To screen phytochemicals from stems and leaves of 23 selected taxa of Convolvulaceae.Methods: Stem and leaves of the selected 23 taxa were collected and shade dried. Methanol extract was used for preliminary screening of phytochemicals such as alkaloids, carbohydrates, glycosides, saponins, proteins, phytosterols, tepenoids, fixed oils, phenolic compounds, flavonoids and tannins.Results: Phytochemicals were present in all selected taxa of Convolvulaceae. Leaves showed most of the phytochemicals than stems. The important phytochemicals in leaves were flavonoids, carbohydrates, alkaloids, saponins, tannins and phenolic compounds while those in stems were carbohydrates, saponins and phenolic compounds. Proteins and fixed oils were absent in the taxa studied.Conclusion: Phytochemical screening in the present study, revealed that maximum phytochemicals were present in leaves than in stems.
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John Peter, Paul J. "Preliminary phytochemical profile of Dictyota dichotoma (Huds.) Lamouroux collected from Koothankuzhi Coast, Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu, India." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 8, no. 6-s (December 15, 2018): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i6-s.2079.
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The present study was intended to discover the preliminary phytochemicals of Dictyota dichotoma (Huds.) Lamouroux from Koothankuzhi coast, Tirunelveli district, the south east coast of Tamil Nadu, India. The preliminary phytochemical analysis was conducted in seven extracts namely methanol, acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether, hexane and benzene by Harborne method. The preliminary phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, anthocyanin, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, catechin, coumarins, diterpenes, emodins, flavonoids, glycosides, leucoanthocyanin, lignins, phenols, phlobatannins, quinones, saponins, steroids, tannins, terpenoids and triterpenoids. Among the various phytochemicals studied, tannin showed the maximum presence, being found in seven different extracts and anthraquinones was observed in only one extract. From the results, it was noted that the extracts of Dictyota dichotoma (Huds.) Lamouroux was found to be the presence of a number of active secondary metabolites. This report will lead to the isolation and characterization of these active secondary metabolites for bioefficacy and bioactivity.
Keywords: Phytochemical, Bioactive compounds, Seaweed extracts, Dictyota, Tamil Nadu.
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Garg, Praveen, and Rajesh Garg. "QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF LEAVES AND STEM OF TINOSPORA CORDIFOLIA IN DIFFERENT SOLVENT EXTRACT." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 8, no. 5-s (October 1, 2018): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i5-s.1967.
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Tinospora cordifolia is known as Giloe and Guduchi, with significant importance in the traditional medicinal systems. It is dioeciously plant. It is mostly used in Ayurved system. It is also known as a ‘Rasayans’ of medicinal system, which develops immune system of the body and protect against infection. The aim of this study is carried out to analyse the phytochemical compounds in leaves and stem extracts of T. cordifolia by using phytochemical screening tests and estimate total flavonoid content (TFC) by using aluminium chloride method in the sample extracts. The leaf and stem extracts of T. cordifolia expressed the presence of several phytochemicals viz., flavonoids, amino acids, diterpines, protein, saponins and carbohydrates. The result of phytochemical screening tests revealed that diterpines and carbohydrates are positive in all extracts of T. cordifolia, but flavonoids and saponins only present in methanol and ethanol extracts. TFC of T. cordifolia was higher in ethanolic leaves extracts than mathanolic leaves extracts. The studies justify that T. cordifolia use in traditional medicines. The investigation further proposed that the phytochemicals present in stems and leaves of T. cordifolia, which can be use as natural antioxidants in medicinal drugs.
Keywords: Tinospora cordifolia, Phytochemicals, Flavonoids
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Pan, Zhibin, Weiqing Cheng, Zhibin Liu, Weibin Wu, Bin Yang, and Junhan Lin. "Comparative Study of the Phytochemical Profiles of the Rhizomes of Cultivated and Wild-Grown Polygonatum sibiricum." Separations 9, no. 12 (November 30, 2022): 398. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations9120398.
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The rhizome of Polygonatum sibiricum is a traditional Chinese medicine material and also a popular functional food consumed in China. Due to the increasing demand and overexploitation, the use of the cultivated plant is growing rapidly. However, the difference in phytochemical profile and health benefit between the cultivated and wild-grown P. sibiricum has not been revealed yet. The objectives of this study are to compare the phytochemical profiles of two types of P. sibiricum, i.e., the cultivated and the wild-grown types, by using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS based untargeted metabolomics approach. We tentatively identified 190 phytochemicals belonging to alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and terpenoids from both two types of samples. In general, there is distinctive difference in phytochemical profiles between these two types of samples. Specifically, 33 phytochemicals showed significant differences. Of these phytochemicals, 22 compounds, such as laetanine, p-coumaroyl-beta-D-glucose, geniposide, medicagenic acid, were significantly higher in cultivated type; 11 compounds, such as vicenin-2, kaempferol 7-neohesperidoside, vanillic acid, and obacunone, were significantly higher in wild-grown type samples. This study will expand our knowledge regarding the cultivated of P. sibiricum and facilitate its further application in pharmaceutical and food industries.
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Sarma, Sai Koteswar, D. Umamaheswari, B. S. Venkateswaralu, and M. Kumar. "PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF ANTIFERTILITY PLANTS." YMER Digital 21, no. 07 (July 29, 2022): 1218–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.37896/ymer21.07/a1.
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The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of various phytochemicals obtained from ethanol (E), ethyl acetate (ET), methanol (M), and chloroform (C) extracts of the Datura Stramonium and Musa Paradasica. Methods: The freshly collected plant materials were subjected to successive extraction separately using E,ET, M and C with soxhlet apparatus. Using the standard protocols, the leaf extracts obtained were subjected to preliminary phytochemical analysis to detect the presence of carbohydrates, proteins, steroids, flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids. Results: The phytochemical analysis showed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, saponins, resins, carbohydrates and proteins. The Datura Stramonium and Musa Paradasica plants showed the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, glycosides, carbohydrates and proteins. Flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, resins, carbohydrates and proteins are found in the leaves of Datura Stramonium. Flavonoids, glycosides and resins were found in the leaves of Musa Paradasica. Ethanol and methanol leaf extracts from Datura Stramonium and Musa Paradasica indicated that they contained most of thephytochemicalcompounds. Conclusion: The different extracts of plants have clearly indicated the presence of all the major phytochemicals; hence, these plants can be used for the extraction of bioactive compounds. Keywords: Phytochemicals,Datura Stramonium and Musa Paradasica
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Defossez, Emmanuel, Camille Pitteloud, Patrice Descombes, Gaétan Glauser, Pierre-Marie Allard, Tom W. N. Walker, Pilar Fernandez-Conradi, Jean-Luc Wolfender, Loïc Pellissier, and Sergio Rasmann. "Spatial and evolutionary predictability of phytochemical diversity." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 3 (January 11, 2021): e2013344118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2013344118.
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To cope with environmental challenges, plants produce a wide diversity of phytochemicals, which are also the source of numerous medicines. Despite decades of research in chemical ecology, we still lack an understanding of the organization of plant chemical diversity across species and ecosystems. To address this challenge, we hypothesized that molecular diversity is not only related to species diversity, but also constrained by trophic, climatic, and topographical factors. We screened the metabolome of 416 vascular plant species encompassing the entire alpine elevation range and four alpine bioclimatic regions in order to characterize their phytochemical diversity. We show that by coupling phylogenetic information, topographic, edaphic, and climatic variables, we predict phytochemical diversity, and its inherent composition, of plant communities throughout landscape. Spatial mapping of phytochemical diversity further revealed that plant assemblages found in low to midelevation habitats, with more alkaline soils, possessed greater phytochemical diversity, whereas alpine habitats possessed higher phytochemical endemism. Altogether, we present a general tool that can be used for predicting hotspots of phytochemical diversity in the landscape, independently of plant species taxonomic identity. Such an approach offers promising perspectives in both drug discovery programs and conservation efforts worldwide.
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Grace, Mary H., Debora Esposito, Michael A. Timmers, Jia Xiong, Gad Yousef, Slavko Komarnytsky, and Mary Ann Lila. "In vitro lipolytic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of roasted pistachio kernel and skin constituents." Food & Function 7, no. 10 (2016): 4285–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6fo00867d.
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Dumitru, Mihaela Gabriela, and Anca Gănescu. "Phytochemical screening of the methanolic extract of Passiflora incarnata L." Annals of the University of Craiova Series Chemistry 28, no. 2 (December 20, 2022): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.52846/aucchem.2022.2.05.
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The aim of this work is to carry out a phytochemical screening of extracts of Passiflora incarnata L. to know the composition of secondary metabolites and to better understand the pharmacodynamic properties of its extracts. Phytochemical screening of the methanolic extract of Passiflora incarnata indicates the presence of the following phytochemicals: Tannins, Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Carbohydrates, Terpenoids, Steroids, Polyphenols and Phytosterols. Saponins, Resin, Fixed oils and fats and Quinones weren’t detected.
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Michael Sunday Abu, Rukaiyat Lawal Mashi, Job Itanyi Onuche, and Sa’ad Ismail Shuaibu. "Proximate and phytochemical screening of some selected herbs and spices commonly used in Nigeria." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 22, no. 1 (January 30, 2023): 015–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2023.22.1.0496.
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Background and Objective: Many common herbs and spices contain powerful phytochemical substances that can improve the quality of our health. This study provided comparative baseline data on the proximate and phytochemical components of Allium sativum, Garcinia kola, Curcuma longa and Zingiber officinale. Materials and Methods: Proximate composition and phytochemical analyses were carried out on the selected spices powder using standard methods. Results: The five samples showed varying percentages of moisture, crude protein, fibre, fat and ash. Meanwhile, the percentages for the moisture content, crude protein, crude fibre, crude fat and ash for the mixture were 7.65%, 16.99%, 8.60, 2.30% and 9.05% respectively. The phytochemicals detected in the samples were flavonoids, alkaloids, cardiac glycoside, tannins, saponin and steroid while anthoquinones were absent. The FTIR spectrum showed that the extract of the combined mixture has bands and wave numbers of between 3291 cm-1 to 2922 cm-1 as the prominent peaks. Conclusion: The findings indicate that the herbs and the spices are potential source of highly nutritious feed stuff and phytochemicals. The combinatorial usage of these spices and herbs will be of nutritional, clinical and veterinary relevance considering the diverse presence of different phytochemical functional groups as demonstrated by the FTIR analysis of the mixture.
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Akuma, Desalegn Abdissa, Ketema Beyecha Hundie, and Abraham Bekele Bayu. "Phytochemical Measurements and Anti-microbial Evaluation of Neem Seed Extract." Journal of Advances in Environmental Health Research 12, no. 1 (February 13, 2024): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jaehr.1313.
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Background: The plants can introduce a wide range of phytochemical components which are considered as secondary metabolites. As antioxidants, phytochemicals prevent cell damages which are usually caused by free radicals especially those which are associated with heart disease and cancer. Neem seed has high potential of phytochemicals which is used as traditional medicinal. This study aimed to evaluate bioactive and phytochemical extract of Neem seed. Methods: The antimicrobial activities and bioactive compounds of Neem seed extracted with distilled water were investigated in this study. Bioactive components of Neem seed were examined by agar well diffusion method. Results: Tannins, quinones and phenols were the highest phytochemical in Neem seed bioactive extract. Anthocyanin, terpenoids, saponins and glycosides were in medium levels. Also, alkaloids and flavonoids were in low level. At the lowest concentration of bioactive (10 mg/mL), Bacillus subtilis (G+) was the best controllable compared to others. The optimum concentration of the selected pathogenic species was 55 mg/mL at which the Salmonella typhimurium (G-) was highly controllable. Staphylococcus aureus (G+), Bacillus subtilis (G+), and Escherichia coli (G-) were 40 mm, 38 mm and 34 mm, respectively. Conclusion: Tannin and phenol were the highest phytochemical concentration in the Neem seed. In general the Neem seed extract seems to be antioxidants and antimicrobials with effective control area.
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Hyun, Do Yoon, Gwang-Yeon Gi, Raveendar Sebastin, Gyu-Taek Cho, Seong-Hoon Kim, Eunae Yoo, Sookyeong Lee, Dong-Mo Son, and Kyung Jun Lee. "Utilization of Phytochemical and Molecular Diversity to Develop a Target-Oriented Core Collection in Tea Germplasm." Agronomy 10, no. 11 (October 29, 2020): 1667. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10111667.
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Tea has received attention due to its phytochemicals. For the direct use of tea germplasm in breeding programs, a core collection that retains the genetic diversity and various phytochemicals in tea is needed. In this study, we evaluated the content of eight phytochemicals over two years and the genetic diversity through 33 SSR (simple sequence repeats) markers for 462 tea accessions (entire collection, ENC) and developed a target-oriented core collection (TOCC). Significant phytochemical variation was observed in the ENC between genotypes and years. The genetic diversity of ENC showed high levels of molecular variability. These results were incorporated into developing TOCCs. The TOCC showed a representation of the ENC, where the mean difference percentage, the variance difference percentage, the variable rate of coefficient of variance percentage, and the coincidence rate of range percentage were 7.88, 39.33, 120.79, and 97.43, respectively. The Shannon’s diversity index (I) and Nei’s gene diversity (H) of TOCC were higher than those of ENC. Furthermore, the accessions in TOCC were shown to be selected proportionally, thus accurately reflecting the distribution of the overall accessions for each phytochemical. This is the first report describing the development of a TOCC retaining the diversity of phytochemicals in tea germplasm. This TOCC will facilitate the identification of the genetic determinants of trait variability and the effective utilization of phytochemical diversity in crop improvement programs.
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Hussain, Munira M. "A COLORFUL DIET IS NEEDED TO ENHANCE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF THE CHILDREN." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 2, no. 3SE (December 31, 2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v2.i3se.2014.3516.
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Colors contain phytochemicals substances occur naturally only in plants and provide health benefits beyond those that essential nutrients provide. A nutritionally adequate diet is essential for optimal growth and development. Childhood and adolescence are periods of continuous growth and development. So, in this study Phytochemical intake of the school going children was computed by counting the number of serving of colourful fruits and vegetables in their diet per week and association of phytochemical intake status with academic performance was found out. Obtained results showed that the distribution of children among different categories of academic performance as per their phytochemical intake status was found significant. Children taking high phytochemical foods were found more in better academic performance category in comparison to children taking low phytochemical foods. Colourful phytonutrients have tremendous health benefits for the brain. Phytonutrients impart colour to fruits and vegetables and are the basis of the recommendation to "eat your colours. The current recommendation of 5-9 servings of fruits and vegetables is not being met with most children. So, taking colourful diet is important for over all wellbeing of the children.
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Gololo, Sechene S., Denga Nthai, and Motetelo A. Mogale. "Phytochemical Contents and Antioxidant Capacity of the Leaves of Aloe greatheadii var. davyana from Four South African Provinces." Asian Journal of Chemistry 31, no. 8 (June 28, 2019): 1830–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2019.22019.
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The current study was aimed at the determination of the phytochemical contents and antioxidant capacity of the leaves of A. greatheadii from four provinces of South Africa. The leaves samples of A. greatheadii were collected at four different locations in South Africa; namely, Limpopo province (Polokwane), Gauteng province (Ga-Rankuwa), Mpumalanga province (Siyabuswa) and North-West province (Brits) during the summer season of the year. The ground samples were then extracted in a serial sequential procedure with different organic solvents using cold maceration extraction method. The extracts were then subjected to quantitative phytochemical analysis for the determination of total phenolic, total tannin, total flavonoid and total saponin content. In addition, the antioxidant capacity of the methanol extracts were evaluated through the DPPH assay. Quantitative phytochemical analysis showed variation in the total phenolic, total tannin, total flavonoid and total saponin contents of the samples from different locations, with specific phytochemicals found in higher amounts at different locations. However, upon calculation of the total phytochemical content the high amount was recorded with the Limpopo province sample. Variation in the antioxidant capacity (EC50 based) of the samples from different locations was demonstrated, with the Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces’ samples showing high capacity. The results demonstrated that the variation in geographical locations has an effect on the phytochemical contents and antioxidant capacity of the leaves of A. greatheadii. Furthermore, the Limpopo province area with a high altitude appeared to be providing suitable growing conditions for high accumulation of phytochemicals and higher antioxidant capacity.
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Syukri, Daimon, and Arisvan Chamel. "The Enhancement of Phytochemical Compounds in Fresh Produces by Abiotic Stress Application at Postharvest Handling Stage." Andalasian International Journal of Agricultural and Natural Sciences (AIJANS) 2, no. 01 (March 29, 2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/aijans.v2.i01.1-18.2021.
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Fresh produces is one of functional food based on its phytochemical contents. The great amounts of the phytochemical compounds in fresh produces become the main core of quality jugdement from fresh produses as a functional food. The use of proper postharvest handling system of fresh produces can be as a tool to protect the loss of the external quality and also can be used to enhance the levels of phytochemical compounds therein at the same time. A good management of plant stresses in respect to key enzymes activation of phytocemicals pathway during postharvest handling treatments of fresh produces can trigger distinct change of contained phytochemicals that can promote their healthy beneficial effect for human life.
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Esmat, Azmat Unnisa, Sirisha Mittapally, and Safiya Begum. "GC-MS Analysis of Bioactive Compounds and Phytochemical Evaluation of the Ethanolic Extract of Gomphrena globosa L. Flowers." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 10, no. 2 (March 15, 2020): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v10i2.3914.
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Gomphrena globosa (L.) has high medicinal values. All parts are been used as folk medicines. The extract of whole plant / flowers has shown different phytochemical constituents with various clinical properties. These phytochemicals recognised are responsible for various activities such as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, analgesic and cytotoxic. The ethanolic extract of Gomphrena globosa L. flowers of biochemical test indicates the presence of sterols, triterpenoid, tannins, phenols and flavonoids, and on GC-MS analysis it has shown 11 phytochemical compounds with different pharmacological activities. The major bioactive compounds are Docosanoic Acid, Docosyl Ester (25.404%) and Hexatriacontane (24.324%), has proven anti-inflammatory activity.
Keywords: Gomphrena globose L., phytochemical constituents, GC-MS and anti-inflammatory.
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B. Deepa and T. Sivakumar. "Screening of Phytochemicals and in vitro studies of Garlic: An Updated review." international journal of engineering technology and management sciences 7, no. 1 (February 28, 2023): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.46647/ijetms.2023.v07i01.002.
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Herbal remedies are an integral part of ancient folk medicinal systems. The aim of the present study was to investigate the phytochemical constituents, adjacent composition and antimicrobial of (Garlic) Allium sativum L. extract. The qualitative phytochemical screening of Allium sativum aqueous and ethanol extracts indicated the presence of Alkaloid, terpenoids, flavonoids, steroid, phenol, Anthraquinones, saponin, tannin and glycoside. Quantitatively phytochemical was analysed alkaloid, tannin and saponin and adjacent composition of nutrients carbohydrates, protein, fats, fibre, moisture and ash. Garlic extract has antioxidant, antimicrobial activity and antidiabetic activity. Garlic contains high levels of sulfur compounds that are responsible for its medicinal effects. The available reports on phytochemicals, antioxidant, and antimicrobial, antidiabetic activity of Garlic are discussed in this review.
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JouFarooqnal, Saeema, Roohi Mohi-ud-din, and Zulfiqar Ali Bhat. "Preliminary phytochemical screening of Iris kashmiriana Baker collected from Budgam, Kashmir, India." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, no. 1-s (February 15, 2019): 121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i1-s.2272.
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The present study was intended to discover the preliminary phytochemicals of Iris kashmiriana Baker collected from Kashmir region, India. The preliminary phytochemical analysis was conducted in methanolic and aqueous extracts which showed the presence of carbohydrates, tannins, flavonoids, phenols, phytosterols, saponins, diterpenes, cardiac glycosides. Among the various phytochemicals studied, alkaloids and proteins were found to be absent in both methanolic and aqueous extracts. From the results, it was noted that the extracts of Iris kashmiriana Baker was found to be a rich source of variety of active secondary metabolites. This report will lead to the further isolation and characterization of these active secondary metabolites for bioefficacy and bioactivity.
Keywords: Phytochemical, Bioactive compounds, Iris kashmiriana, Mazar mund, Kashmir.
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Idi, A., and I. U. Muhammad. "Short communication extraction and phytochemical analysis of Hyptis spicigera leaves." Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 14, no. 1 (December 17, 2021): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bajopas.v14i1.3.
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Plants are recognized in the pharmaceutical industry for their broad structural diversity as well as their wide range of pharmacological activities, which is due to their biologically active compounds known as phytochemicals. The present study reports the extraction, thin layer chromatography and screening of phytochemical constituent of Hyptis spicigera leaves. The thin layer chromatography of the leave extract shows 11 bands with Rf values of 0.03, 0.06, 0.09, 0.12, 0.17, 0.19, 0.20, 0.23 and 0.31 respectively. Qualitative phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, emodins, and cardiac glycoside while phenols, tannins, terpenoids, tri terpenoids and anthraquinones were absent. The presences of these phytochemicals showed that Hyptis spicigera leaves may be useful for medicinal purpose.
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Adrian Srikishen, Phillip Da Silva, and Gomathinayagam Subramanian. "Comparison of the phytochemical characteristics of Batis maritima with traditional uses." Magna Scientia Advanced Research and Reviews 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 042–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/msarr.2022.5.1.0045.
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Batis maritima, commonly referred to as Saltwort, is a halophyte found in coastal regions of various parts of North America, South America and Africa. It has historically been used in traditional medicine in the treatment of ailments such as eczema and cutaneous infections, among others. Since many of these ailments are known to be caused by fungal and bacterial pathogens, it is highly likely that extracts of B. maritima possesses strong antimicrobial properties, and, as such, may contain phytochemicals which have been known to display these phytochemical properties. Therefore, the aim of this study was to perform a phytochemical screening of alcoholic extracts of B. maritima leaves and compare these to the traditional uses of the herb. Alcoholic crude extracts of leaves of the B. maritima shrub were subjected to a series of phytochemical analyses. The results of these analyses indicated the presence of glycosides, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, sterols, tannins and terpenoids. Upon a comparison of the phytochemicals detected and the documented traditional uses of the herb, a correlation may be seen between the two. Many of the phytochemicals present in the extract have been previously noted to be used in medicine to treat many diseases that are similar to those that have historically been treated with B. maritima.
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Amiot, Marie-Josèphe, Christian Latgé, Laurence Plumey, and Sylvie Raynal. "Intake Estimation of Phytochemicals in a French Well-Balanced Diet." Nutrients 13, no. 10 (October 16, 2021): 3628. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13103628.
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Phytochemicals contribute to the health benefits of plant-rich diets, notably through their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, recommended daily amounts of the main dietary phytochemicals remain undetermined. We aimed to estimate the amounts of phytochemicals in a well-balanced diet. A modelled diet was created, containing dietary reference intakes for adults in France. Two one-week menus (summer and winter) were devised to reflect typical intakes of plant-based foods. Existing databases were used to estimate daily phytochemical content for seven phytochemical families: phenolic acids, flavonoids (except anthocyanins), anthocyanins, tannins, organosulfur compounds, carotenoids, and caffeine. The summer and winter menus provided 1607 and 1441 mg/day, respectively, of total polyphenols (phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and tannins), the difference being driven by reduced anthocyanin intake in winter. Phenolic acids, flavonoids (including anthocyanins), and tannins accounted for approximately 50%, 25%, and 25% of total polyphenols, respectively. Dietary carotenoid and organosulfur compound content was estimated to be approximately 17 and 70 mg/day, respectively, in both seasons. Finally, both menus provided approximately 110 mg/day of caffeine, exclusively from tea and coffee. Our work supports ongoing efforts to define phytochemical insufficiency states that may occur in individuals with unbalanced diets and related disease risk factors.
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Díaz-Puertas, Rocío, Francisco Javier Álvarez-Martínez, Alberto Falco, Enrique Barrajón-Catalán, and Ricardo Mallavia. "Phytochemical-Based Nanomaterials against Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria: An Updated Review." Polymers 15, no. 6 (March 10, 2023): 1392. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15061392.
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Antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) is a growing global health threat, leading to the search for alternative strategies to combat bacterial infections. Phytochemicals, which are naturally occurring compounds found in plants, have shown potential as antimicrobial agents; however, therapy with these agents has certain limitations. The use of nanotechnology combined with antibacterial phytochemicals could help achieve greater antibacterial capacity against ARB by providing improved mechanical, physicochemical, biopharmaceutical, bioavailability, morphological or release properties. This review aims to provide an updated overview of the current state of research on the use of phytochemical-based nanomaterials for the treatment against ARB, with a special focus on polymeric nanofibers and nanoparticles. The review discusses the various types of phytochemicals that have been incorporated into different nanomaterials, the methods used to synthesize these materials, and the results of studies evaluating their antimicrobial activity. The challenges and limitations of using phytochemical-based nanomaterials, as well as future directions for research in this field, are also considered here. Overall, this review highlights the potential of phytochemical-based nanomaterials as a promising strategy for the treatment against ARB, but also stresses the need for further studies to fully understand their mechanisms of action and optimize their use in clinical settings.
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S. Pai, K. Usha, Yadav D. Bodke, Suman Manandhar, and K. Sreedhara Ranganath Pai. "in silico-Based Virtual Screening and Molecular Docking Analysis of Phytochemicals obtained from Methanolic Extract of Cleome viscosa Linn. by GC-MS Method for its Anticancer Activity." Asian Journal of Chemistry 33, no. 12 (2021): 2943–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2021.23384.
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Cleome viscosa belonging to the family Capparidaceae, is a weed with ethano-botanical value found in India. In the present investigation, methanolic extract of Cleome viscosa was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify the important phytochemical constituents. The GC-MS analysis of methanol from whole plant of Cleome viscosa detected the presence of 78 phytochemical compounds. Quantitative phytochemical evaluation of the methanolic extract of Cleome viscosa was performed. These identified compounds were analyzed for their anticancer activity through in silico molecular docking studies. Computation based in silico docking studies were done using maestro interface. Three protein, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), human papilloma virus (HPV) specific to different cancers were selected for screening of these phytochemicals. Phytomolecules with better activity and binding were shortlisted after XP mode of docking. The dock score, glide energy and 2D binding interactions of the top five phytochemicals with three selected proteins have been discussed. The identified hit could be a potent inhibitor these proteins that further requires experimental validation.
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Candra, Aditya, Yudha Fahrimal, Yusni, Azwar, and Tahara Dilla Santi. "SOIL CHEMISTRY, PHYTOCHEMISTRY, AND GC-MS PROFILES OF MORINGA LEAVES (Moringa oleifera ) AS AN ANTIFATIGUE CANDIDATE FROM GEOTHERMAL, COASTAL, AND URBAN AREAS IN ACEH BESAR DISTRICT AND BANDA ACEH MUNICIPALITY, INDONESIA." RASAYAN Journal of Chemistry 16, no. 03 (2023): 1333–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31788/rjc.2023.1638128.
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Soil chemical components from different locations produce different macro-micro nutrients, phytochemicals compounds, and biological activities of the plant. This study aims to see whether soil chemistry from three different areas namely coastal, geothermal, and urban areas affect the phytochemical components and chemical compounds contained in Moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaves Soil chemical analysis showed that the coastal area had the highest macro-micro nutrients and the best phytochemical and chemical compounds of moringa leaves than those of the other two locations. The moringa leaves phytochemical compounds of the coastal area consisting of alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, and phenolics. The GC-MS profile of moringa leaves from the coastal area contained 28 compounds, a geothermal area of 27 compounds, and an urban area of 24 compounds. Of all these chemical compounds, there are six similarities with the highest order namely Linolenic acid, 9,12,15- octadecatrienoic acid, Ethyl ester, Vitamin E hexadecanoic acid, Phytol, and neophytadiene. In conclusion, Moringa leaf from the coastal area has the highest concentration of soil chemical components, phytochemicals, and a number of compounds.
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Ferdian, Arif, Nurwahidatul Arifa, and Amri Bakhtiar. "Pelatihan Identifikasi Cepat Fitokimia pada Mahasiswa STIFI BP Palembang." ABDIKAN: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Bidang Sains dan Teknologi 2, no. 4 (November 28, 2023): 495–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.55123/abdikan.v2i4.2372.
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Identification of phytochemicals is an important preliminary test that pharmacy students need to know and understand. As is known, that natural ingredients are an important aspect that plays a role in herbal medicine. One of the most prominent uses of plants is as a medicinal ingredient. In determining the traditional use of natural materials, it is necessary to know which groups of chemical compounds are contained in natural materials. Chemical compounds contained in natural products are grouped into alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, saponins, steroids and terpenoids. To determine the class of compounds in natural products, it is necessary to carry out preliminary tests quickly, namely by testing phytochemicals. Phytochemical identification training is aimed at STIFI Bhakti Pertiwi Palembang students who conduct field studies at Anai Land, Padang Pariaman Regency, Padang, West Sumatra. This field study activity is held as a support for natural product chemistry lectures. Phytochemical testing was carried out in groups guided by each. Students who have received training can carry out phytochemical testing of natural ingredients as a provision for final project research.
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Huzafa, M., Z. Jamal, and A. Ahmed. "Qualitative Phytochemical Analysis of Incarvillea emodi (Royle ex Lindl.) Chatterjee and Malva neglecta (Wallr.)." Ukrainian Journal of Ecology 10, no. 4 (August 10, 2020): 93–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2020_173.
Full textAbstract:
The present study was carried out to investigate the phytochemical profile of Incarvillea emodi and Malva neglecta. The two plants were screened for the presence of nine different classes of bioactive compounds. The qualitative tests were performed on the aerial and underground parts of the selected plants to relate the presence of phytochemicals with bioactivities of the plants. The selected plant material was extracted with three different solvents. These extracts were then subjected to phytochemical screening and the presence of various phytochemicals was confirmed by different standard confirmatory tests. Most of the phytochemicals were found to be present. Results showed that the underground parts of Incarvillea emodi contain comparatively greater number of phytochemicals than the aerial parts. Whereas, in case of Malva neglecta the aerial parts showed more positive results than the underground parts. The current study offers proof for the presence of important bioactive compounds in the studied plants and recommends isolation and characterization of these compounds in the future.
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Jiménez-Viveros, Yamir, Héctor Gordon Núñez-Palenius, Grisel Fierros-Romero, and Juan Ignacio Valiente-Banuet. "Modification of Light Characteristics Affect the Phytochemical Profile of Peppers." Horticulturae 9, no. 1 (January 6, 2023): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9010072.
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Capsicum is one of the most economically important genera in the Solanaceae family. Capsicum fruits (peppers) are rich in phytochemicals with high nutritional value and significant health-promoting characteristics. The phytochemical profile of peppers consists of capsaicinoids, carotenoids, and phenolics, primarily. Currently, most of the pepper production is carried out under protected horticulture conditions. The objective of this article was to provide a comprehensive review on how light characteristics and manipulation by different horticultural technologies can affect the biosynthesis and accumulation of phytochemicals in Capsicum fruits. The use of shade nets or plastic covers to reduce light intensity does not seem to yield consistent responses on the phytochemical profile, as the final profile results from the interaction of several factors. Other factors involved in the accumulation of phytochemicals include temperature, water availability and plant nutrition. Exposure of plants to supplemental light with specific wavelengths (using LEDs) seems to result in a more precise stimulation of specific metabolites. In this article, we examine the effects of light irradiance and spectrum on the specific phytochemicals of Capsicum fruits.
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Popoola, Oluwaseyi. "Phytochemical Status of Different Solvent Extracts of Anthocleista djalonensis A. Chev Leaves." International Annals of Science 8, no. 1 (August 30, 2019): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/ias.8.1.62-69.
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The choice of suitable solvent is essential in the extraction of much needed bioactive phytochemicals present in medicinal plants. This study assessed the phytochemical status of four solvents (methanol, hexane, ethylacetate and aqueous) extracts of Anthocleista djalonensis, leaves of the plants were extracted with the solvents by cold maceration for three days; screening and quantitative determination of saponin, alkaloid, tannin, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids phenols and terpenoids was done using standard methods. Phytochemical screening indicates the presence of all the phytocompound in the methanol extract, while other extracts shows variation in the availability of different phytochemicals, quantitative results shows alkaloid ranged from 1.79-18.90 mg/100g, flavonoids: 2.54-10.53 mg/100g, saponin: 2.00-12.23 mg/100g, tannin: ND-4.83 mg/100g, phenol: ND-6.65 mg/100g, cardiac glycoside: ND-2.08 mg/100g, and terpenoids: ND-1.98 mg/100g; significant difference (p<0.05) exist in each phytochemicals across the solvents where methanol and the aqueous extracts gave the best extraction efficiency for the phytochemicals. Consequently, the optimum extraction of useful phytochemicals from A. djalonensis could be achieved using either methanol and water.
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Vivek-Ananth, R. P., Abhijit Rana, Nithin Rajan, Himansu S. Biswal, and Areejit Samal. "In Silico Identification of Potential Natural Product Inhibitors of Human Proteases Key to SARS-CoV-2 Infection." Molecules 25, no. 17 (August 22, 2020): 3822. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25173822.
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Presently, there are no approved drugs or vaccines to treat COVID-19, which has spread to over 200 countries and at the time of writing was responsible for over 650,000 deaths worldwide. Recent studies have shown that two human proteases, TMPRSS2 and cathepsin L, play a key role in host cell entry of SARS-CoV-2. Importantly, inhibitors of these proteases were shown to block SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we perform virtual screening of 14,011 phytochemicals produced by Indian medicinal plants to identify natural product inhibitors of TMPRSS2 and cathepsin L. AutoDock Vina was used to perform molecular docking of phytochemicals against TMPRSS2 and cathepsin L. Potential phytochemical inhibitors were filtered by comparing their docked binding energies with those of known inhibitors of TMPRSS2 and cathepsin L. Further, the ligand binding site residues and non-covalent interactions between protein and ligand were used as an additional filter to identify phytochemical inhibitors that either bind to or form interactions with residues important for the specificity of the target proteases. This led to the identification of 96 inhibitors of TMPRSS2 and 9 inhibitors of cathepsin L among phytochemicals of Indian medicinal plants. Further, we have performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to analyze the stability of the protein-ligand complexes for the three top inhibitors of TMPRSS2 namely, qingdainone, edgeworoside C and adlumidine, and of cathepsin L namely, ararobinol, (+)-oxoturkiyenine and 3α,17α-cinchophylline. Interestingly, several herbal sources of identified phytochemical inhibitors have antiviral or anti-inflammatory use in traditional medicine. Further in vitro and in vivo testing is needed before clinical trials of the promising phytochemical inhibitors identified here.