Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Phytochimique'
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Lamidi, Maroufath. "Nauclea diderrichii : etudes phytochimique et pharmacologique." Aix-Marseille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX11071.
Full textPetit, Virginie. "Valorisation phytochimique et biologique de plantes tropicales." Thesis, Pau, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PAUU3016.
Full textThis confidential memory thesis focuses on phytochemical and biological enhancement of tropical plants. It is part of a process of validation of experience and retraces 14 years of applied research for the development of new plant extract for cosmetics industry and elemental research.This work enabled the development of new actives, with high value, from Madagascar plants by enhancement of secondary metabolites such as polyphenols (flavonoids, tannins, chlorogenic acid derivatives) and pentacyclic triterpenes. This important activity goes along with essential activities related to the mastery of plant resources in line with the sustainable development actions, phytochemical research, process development and biological positioning. It is illustrated, among other developing, extracts from Buddleja axillaris, Vernonia appendiculata and the latest work on the plant Centella asiatica
Novi, Kristanti Alfinda. "Etude phytochimique de plantes menacées de disparition." Mulhouse, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MULH0482.
Full textABDEL, MONEIM AHMED MEAWAD EMAM. "Etude phytochimique et pharmacologique des plantes molluscicides." Aix-Marseille 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX30114.
Full textJoseph, Henri. "Etude phytochimique de Justicia, Acanthaceae, de l'archipel guadeloupéen." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375985382.
Full textKabran, Faustin Aka. "Etude phytochimique de plantes ivoiriennes à activité antiparasitaire." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA114838.
Full textThis document describes the isolation and the identification of 74 molecules, among them 13 newly described, from two medicinal plants of Ivory Coast: Mallotus oppositifolius and Isolona cooperi. The biological evaluation of these compounds, mainly on Leishmania and Trypanosoma validate the traditional use of these plants. From different organs of I. cooperi, 22 compounds were isolated and identified as phenols, steroids and terpenoids. Phenolic compounds and especially phloroglucinols were the most active. From different organs of M. oppositifolius, 52 compounds were isolated and identified as alkaloids, xanthines, lactones, indanes, amides, amines, steroids, fatty acids and esters. The biological assessment of some of these compounds show moderate activities. Hemi-synthetic modifications made on apoprunellelactone isolated from I. cooperi led to reduced, acetylated or oxydated analogs characterized by an significant increase of their antiparasitic activity, especially the acetylated derivative
Champavier, Yves. "Etude phytochimique d'une fabacée toxique : galega officinalis L." Limoges, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIMO303B.
Full textRamanambe-Ravelomanantsoa, Nicole. "Evodia fatraina (Rutaceae) : analyse phytochimique et activité antimalariale." Toulouse, INPT, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPT054G.
Full textBertrand, Cédric. "Contribution à l'étude phytochimique de Ruta corsica DC." Toulouse, INPT, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPT011G.
Full textHenchiri, Hichem. "Etude phytochimique et activités antiparasitaires de Teucrium ramosissimum." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MNHN0023.
Full textDuring this work, a phytochimical study was undertaken on Teucrium ramosissimum, an endemic plant of North Africa. The bioguided investigation of the ethyl acetate extract of this plant led to the isolation of 19 compounds, among them 17 were identified. The structural elucidation of these compounds was elucidated by extensive spectrometric methods (IR, MS, NMR 1D (1H, 13C), and 2D (COSY, HSQC, HMBC and NOESY). The comparison with the bibliographical data shows that 6 of the identified compounds (P1, P3, P4, P5, P6 and P12) are new structures. The majority of the isolated compounds are sesquiterpenoids belonging to various skeletons: isodaucanes, trinoreudesmanes, eudesmanes, cadinanes and oplopanes. A monoterpene P13 was isolated; it belongs to the class of thujanes, as well as four known flavonoïds P14, P15, P16, and P17. The antimalarial activity of the isolated compounds was evaluated against the chloroquine resistant Plasmodium falciparum strain FcB1. Compound P2 (IC50 = 1,2 µg/ml) displayed the most interesting activity with a selectivity index (SI) upper to 83. Compounds P4, P8 and P10 showed interesting activities with IC50 between 3,3 and 5,0 µg/ml and SI between 20 and 30,3. The antileishmanial activity of the isolated compounds was performed against promastigote form of Leishmania donovani. The compound P4 (IC50 = 6 µg/ml) exhibited the most interesting activity in the same range of pentamidine. The evaluation of the cytotoxicity of all the isolated compounds on MRC-5 cell line showed that they were devoid of cytotoxicity
Kouame, François-Prévost Bi Koffi. "Valorisation de quatre plantes médicinales ivoiriennes : étude phytochimique." Nantes, 2012. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=dc42c9b7-ba48-46ab-826f-9a61ba3bf2a4.
Full textMurzi, Toussaint. "Etude phytochimique d'un zanthoxylum Sp. Nov. De Nouvelle Calédonie." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05P069.
Full textFiorini, Christel. "Contribution à l'étude phytochimique de Laurus Nobilis L. (Lauraceae)." Toulouse, INPT, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPT027G.
Full textPeirs, Céline. "Contribution à l'étude phytochimique de Galega Officinalis L. (Fabaceae)." Toulouse, INPT, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005INPT023A.
Full textChosson, Elizabeth. "Contribution à l'étude phytochimique de Rhododendron ferrugineum L. , Ericaceae." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO1T132.
Full textHarb, Rana. "Etude phytochimique de quelque espèces d'Apiacées, Lamiacrées et Guttifères." Mulhouse, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MULH0674.
Full textThe present work is a contribution to a better knowledge of the chemistry of Apiaceae. Seven plants were studied : Seseli galloprovinciale: our work shows that it is différent from Seseli montanum with which it was confused up to now. Sison exaltatum plant of Lebanese origin for which we analyzed the carbohydrates. Daucus carota we studied the essentiel oil of the seeds in order to isolate sesquiterpenes possessing the daucane skeleton. Ferula communes : from the resin we have isolated ferulenol and 20-hydroxy-ferulenol. Pimpinella anagodendron : we gave the first chemical description of this plant endemic from the Canary islands. Teucrium abutiloi͏̈des and Hypericum calycinum: do not belong to Apiaceae, we studied them because they contain high quantifies of unknown substances. The synthesis permit us to identify seven phenylpropanoi͏̈ds otherwise not easily accessible by extraction
Biringanine, Kadahanwa Gabriel. "Etude phytochimique et immunopharmacologique de Plantago plmata Hook f." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210737.
Full textLaurençon, Lise. "Contribution à l'étude phytochimique de Solidago virgaurea : application dans le domaine bucco-dentaire et étude de la variabilité phytochimique pour la création d'une filière." Thesis, Nice, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NICE4018/document.
Full textToward the promotion of plant diversity of Maritime Alps, a common plant of the alpine area, Solidago virgaurea, was chosen to its inhibiting activity of Candida albicans yeast-hyphal conversion, a causal agent of opportunistic oral infections named candidiasis. In a first step, an aqueous extract of S. virgaurea was submitted to bioassay guided fractionation. This led to an active saponin-containing fraction from which eleven saponins were characterized by carrying out NMR experiments along with HRMS analyses. Five out of these were identified for the first time and bioassays showed that saponins activity varied according to the molecular structure of the compound. In a second step, the saponins composition of various S. virgaurea populations was studied qualitatively and quantitatively, using HPLC and HPTLC. Results demonstrated that saponins composition depends on various factors. Finally, the overall chemical composition of different S. virgaurea extracts was investigated searching for additional bioactivities. Among all the identified compounds, three new octulosonic acids were characterized and three phenolic compounds were found for the first time in S. virgaurea. Moreover, bioassays on extracts and fractions showed antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase activity and inhibition of cancer cell lines in vitro. Further bioassays have now to be completed. As a conclusion, this work was the starting point of an oral care product development and the setting-up of an innovative sector
Morel, Sylvie. "Etude phytochimique et évaluation biologique de Derris ferruginea Benth. (Fabaceae)." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00671071.
Full textCazoulat, Isabelle. "Contribution à l'étude phytochimique de Isonoba hexaloba Engl. & Diels." Rouen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ROUEP024.
Full textSimon, Alain. "Calluna vulgaris : analyse phytochimique : évaluation biologique d'un phytoconstituant, l'acide ursolique." Limoges, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIMO303C.
Full textLawson, Ata Martin. "Etude phytochimique d'une Fabacée tropicale, Lonchocarpus nicou : évaluation biologique préliminaire." Limoges, 2006. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/81766147-569e-4f9d-a925-1b4c6ddcbcee/blobholder:0/2006LIMO300B.pdf.
Full textAccording to the topic of our research team EA 4021 "Biomolécules et Thérapies Antitumorales", phytochemical study of Lonchocarpus nicou (Aublet) D. C. Was conducted in order to isolate natural molecules with antitumor or anticancer activity. Lonchocarpus nicou (Aublet) D. C. Is a tropical liana of the Fabaceae family used for a long time for its insecticidal, acaricidal and piscicidal activities assigned to prenylated rotenoids (rotenone essentially). Rotenoids derived biogenetically from isoflavonoids known a long time ago for their estrogenic activity. That explains the choice of this plant which was not completely studied in contrary to those species of Lonchocarpus genus. Indeed, about ten compounds only were reported in previous study of this plant. After botanical description and presentation of previous phytochemical studies about Lonchocarpus genus and nicou specie, the least polar extracts (bezenic and hexanic) studied in this work was developed. Their investigation led to the isolation and structural elucidation of thirty eight molecules (in which three ultra-minor compounds) by using various chromatographicals (CC, MPLC, CCM centrifuge, HPLC) and spectroscopics (UV, RMN and SM) techniques. This showed an original and diversified polyphenolic composition characterized by four groups of metabolites: chalcone (one compound), benzoquinone (one compound), isoflavonoid (thirty five compounds), and a para coumaric acid derivative (one compound). Besides rotenone, deguelin and their 12ab-hydroxylated derivatives, which constituted the major components of the root of Lonchocarpus nicou, thirteen new metabolites were found in the other minor phytochemicals as well as seven other never cited before in Lonchocarpus genus. Preliminary bioassays were further conducted on the four main isolated components by evaluating their effect on estrogens receptors and on aromatase enzyme. Their antiproliferative activity and cytotoxic effect on HEL (Human Erythroleukemia) cells and 1547 cells (osteosarcoma) have been also investigated. The latter biological study gave interesting results (IC50 about nanomolar) that might be explored by a solid scientific project
Payen-Fattaccioli, Laëtitia. "Étude phytochimique et biologique d'une tiliaceae camerounaise : Christiana africana DC." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002GRE18001.
Full textThis work deals with the phytochemical and biological investigation of Christiana africana, a Tiliaceae from Cameroon. This plants is used in traditional medicine as treatment for cardiovascular deseases (. . . ) A preliminary evaluation of the antioxidant, cytotoxic and antiinflammatory activities has been carried out on the polar extracts, a decoction and two infusions. Antioxidant and fungitoxic tests have also been carried out on pure compounds. These results permitted to discuss the chemotaxonomic and chemical interest of this work
Op, de Beck Philippe. "Étude phytochimique et biologique de Leea guineensis G. Don (Leeaceae)." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE18010.
Full textLubrano, Barbosa Vicente Ortet Maria Risoleta. "Étude phytochimique de quelques espèces médicinales endémiques du Cap-Vert." Nice, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NICE4046.
Full textThis thesis is focused on the phytochemical composition of three medicinal endemic species from Cape Verde: Artemisia gorgonum (Asteraceae), Satureja forbesii (Lamiaceae) and Tornabenea bischoffii (Apiaceae). These plants are well known by Cape Verdean people who have used them as folk medicine against several ailments. Nevertheless, this work represents the first chemical and pharmacological study of these species. In this context, 21 compounds, including seven novel metabolites (five sesquiterpene lactones and two xanthons) have been isolated and identified from A. Gorgonum on the basis of extensive separation techniques and detailed spectroscopic analyses (1D, 2D NMR and HRESIMS studies). The fractions and metabolites isolated from this plant were submitted to some biological assays (antitumoral and antiplasmodial effects). The results demonstrated that many of these compounds exhibit important biological activities. On the other hand, the chemical profiles of the essential oils obtained from the three plants were analyzed by GC and GC/MS, which allowed to identify and quantify 111, 39 and 71 volatile compounds respectively (A. Gorgonum, S. Forbesii and T. Bischoffii). Moreover, the antioxidant activity of these essential oils were tested using the 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging method and the in vitro assay for prevention of lipid peroxidation by thiobarbituric reactive species (TBARS) and significant activities were evidenced, mainly for the essential oil obtained from A. Gorgonum which showed a higher antioxidant capacity
Dorla, Emmanuelle. "Étude phytochimique et propriétés bioactives de Peperomia borbonensis (Miq.) Piperaceae." Thesis, La Réunion, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LARE0027.
Full textThe emergence of resistant strains in infectious diseases is a major public health issue. Similarly, arthropods which caused important economic damages in tropical and subtropical areas are continuously developing resistance to chemicals. To counteract this situation, it is essential to find new bioactive molecules able to fight pests and micro-organisms. In this context a preliminary screening was performed on twenty endemic plants and native of Reunion. Twenty-six ethyl acetate extracts were tested for their antibacterial and acaricidal activities. Considering its broad spectrum of activity, Peperomia borbonensis Miq. (Piperaceae), was selected for further chemical and biological investigations. Two bio-guided fractionations were performed on its apolar extract and let to the isolation of fourteen molecules. Moreover, the study of the volatile fraction has shown the insecticidal potential of the leaf essential oil of P. borbonensis against the melon fly B. cucurbitae
Kanyinda, Wa Banyingela Banyingela. "Contribution à l'étude phytochimique et pharmacologique d'anisocycla cymosa troupin (Menispermaceae)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212628.
Full textRespaud, Marie-José. "Etude phytochimique et évaluation d'activités biologiques de choisya ternata kunth (Rutaceae)." Toulouse, INPT, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPT043G.
Full textQueignec, Gaëlle. "Étude phytochimique de la scutellaire de Virginie, Scutellaria lateriflora L. (Labitae)." Toulouse, INPT, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPT006C.
Full textFarahi, Si Mohamed. "Etude phytochimique d'apiacées : selinum broteri, eryngium giganteum, ammi huntii, opopanax chironium." Mulhouse, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MULH0656.
Full textBrunschwig, Christel. "Contribution à la caractéristique phytochimique sensorielle de la vanille de Tahiti." Polynésie française, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009POLF0003.
Full textTahitian vanilla (Vanilla tahitensis) was introduced in French Polynesia in the 19th century, growing techniques and curing methods specific to Tahitian vanilla result in a unique product, very highly esteemed in the global market. The anise flavour of Tahitian vanilla was studied by chemical and sensory analysis. The oily aspect of the pods led to investigations on the fatty acid composition. This study shows that Tahitian vanilla could be differentiated thanks to various metabolites with respect to other vanillas. Phytochemical and sensory variability of different Polynesian cultivars were characterized for the first time. Research on the evolution of various parameters during the curing period has lead to specify optimal water content for the development of sensory properties of Tahitian vanilla. This work contributes to increase our knowledge of Tahitian vanilla and to enable new strategies of valorization
Nikiema, Jean Baptiste. "Contribution à l'étude phytochimique et pharmacologique de leptadenia hastata (Pers.) Decne." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212151.
Full textOuedraogo, Noufou. "Études phytochimique et biologique des métabolites secondaires de Pterocarpus erinaceus poir (fabaceae)." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO10094.
Full textPterocarpus erinaceus Poir. (Fabaceae) is a medicinal plant used in the treatment of several diseases including diseases inflammatory component in Burkina Faso. The leaves, stem and roots are used as a drug in the treatment of skin diseases, inflammation, ulcer, rheumatism, dysentery, malaria. The aim of this study was to carry out phytochemical and pharmacological studies on extracts of Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir. (Fabaceae) to evaluate the safety and efficacy of this plant to obtain the data for the development of a drug. Phytochemical study has been performed using chromatographic methods (TLC, SPE, CC, VLC, MPLC, HPLC) and spectroscopic (1D and 2D NMR). This study has been leading to isolated 18 molecules including 14 identified namely friedelin, lupeol, epicatechin, rutin, luteolin, quercetin-3-O-sophorosid, kaempferol-3-O-sophorosid, quercetin-3-O-β-glucose, stigmasterol, 3α-hydroxyfriedelan-2-on, α-sophoradiol, maltol-6-O-apiofuranosideglucopyranoside. The test on acute toxicity showed that the decoction of the leaves (DECFEU), stem (DECEC), roots (DECRA) and methanol extracts of leaves (MeOH K), stem bark (MeOH B) are considered slightly toxic substances according to the toxicity scale of Hodge and Sterner and WHO. The anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic extracts from the stem bark, leaves and roots have been validated en animal models. The results obtained in vitro test (antioxidant test, tests on the inhibition of the production of cellular TNF α and nitrite, lipid peroxidation and lipoxygénase) showed that the extracts exhibited effects, especially the methanol extract stem bark (MeOH B) which has the best antioxidant power (ARP = 5; TEAC = 9) and the strongest inhibition of lipid peroxidation (37.25 %) and lipoxygénase (97.69 %). However the methanol extract of leaves (MeOH K) presented strong inhibition at a concentration of 50 μg/mL on the production of TNF α (37.35 % and 30 %) and NO (95 % and 50 %) in the macrophages cultures active by LPS and LPS/INF-γ
Fadl, Almoulah Nahla. "Études phytochimique et biologique de cinq plantes de la famille des Solanaceae." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0184/document.
Full textThis study aimed at the evaluation of in vitro antibacterial, antiproliferative and antioxidant activities of methanolic leaf extracts and steroidal glycoalkaloids fractions (SGAFs) of Solanum incanum L., S. schimperianum Hochst, S. nigrum L., Physalis lagascae Roem. & Schult. and Withania somnifera (L) Dunal. The sensitivity of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria to each extract was variable (IC50 values in the range of 15->1000 µg/mL). The methanolic extract of S. schimperianum leaf demonstrated interesting anti-proliferative activity against the human cell lines tested with IC50 values in the range of 2.69 to 19.83 µg/mL while the highest activity from the SGAFs was obtained from W. somnifera leaf with IC50 values in the range of 1.29 to 5.00 µg/mL. The SGAFs of all species demonstrated higher scavenging activity than their respective methanolic extracts. The SGAF of S. schimperianum displayed the strongest antioxidant activity in both assays with IC50 value 3.5 ± 0.2DPPH and 3.5 ±0.3ABTS µg/mL. GC-MS analysis of methanolic and SGAFs extracts of the studied species revealed the presence of steroidal alkaloids, steroidal saponins, steroids and other compounds like terpenes, phenols and alkanes. Their distribution varied among the species and thus they could provide evidence to assess preliminary chemotaxonomic relationships. Twelve known hydroxycinnamic acid amides were tentatively identified from the methanolic extract of S. schimperianum leaf and N-caffeoyl agmatine appeared with the highest intensity. Moreover, the presence of steroid alkaloids solanopubamine and solanocapsine as well as dehydroderivatives of the 3-amino steroid alkaloids was suggested. Furthermore, three compounds quercetin, kaempferol glycoside and β-sitosterol were isolated and identified. In silico investigation of these three compounds for their potency against cancer revealed that β-sitosterol was found to be the most selective compound against human pregnane X receptor (PXR) and gave the highest binding energy (-11.2 kcal/mol). These results suggested that Solanaceae plants endogenous to Sudan could be a potential source of bioactive agents
Long, Christophe. "Etude phytochimique, évaluation de potentialités biologiques de Vitex agnus castus L. (Verbenaceae)." Toulouse, INPT, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPT033G.
Full textFontanel, Didier. "Contribution à l'étude phytochimique de la Lampsane commune (Lapsana communis L. ) (Asteraceae)." Tours, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOUR3807.
Full textNipple-wort (Lapsana communis L. Subsp. Communis, Astéracées) belongs to plant families which have been used formerly in popular medicine in Europe. During the middle of the 20th century, it felt into oblivion. The chemical composition of these plants is poorly known. However, since the renewal interest for the vegetable patrimony and all its potential appliations, some of these plants have been studied. In the case of the Lampsana communis, the hight content of lipids, reported in 1987, has attrated our attention. Our works concerning the chemical composition of the nipple-wort have identified more than 40 products (lipids, terpenes and polyphenolics). Among them, three sesquiterpene lactone glucosides have been discovered for the first time. From our pharmacological studies, it emerges that these sesquiterpene glucosides do not have antibiotic activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Furthermore, their cytotoxicities were very low as those of others sesquiterpene lactone glucosides. On the other hand, an hydroxycinnamic acids standardized extract is efficient to inhibit some enzymes (elastase, hyaluronidase. . . )
Lagnika, Latifou. "Etude phytochimique et activité biologique de substances naturelles isolées de plantes béninoises." Strasbourg 1, 2005. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2005/LAGNIKA_Latifou_2005.pdf.
Full textKREMER, VERONIQUE. "Pharmacognosie du genre viburnum (caprifoliacees) : etude phytochimique de l'espece v. lantana l." Strasbourg 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR15085.
Full textAttioua, Barthélemy. "Contribution à l'étude phytochimique des feuilles et des tiges de Croton Lobatus." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR13023.
Full textCroton lobatus belongs to the Croton genus (Euphorbiaceae). It is commonly used in traditional medicine for drugs. In order to isolate molecules having physiological properties, five different extracts of grounded leaves and stems have been investigated. The following fractions of each extract using chromatography on silica gel followed by recrystallization have allowed to isolate and purify nineteen different compounds. Chemical elucidation tests have led to the identification of each compound. In each case, the complete structure relying on different analytical methods, for instance: NMR, mass spectra, IR and UV spectra, elementary analysis, melting point and polarimetry was established. Among the identified compounds, one may found steroids, nitrogen compounds, amphiphiles, one triterpene, one triglyceride, fatty acids, one aromatic compound and one hydrocarbon
Quenon, Camille. "Enquête ethnopharmacologique et étude phytochimique de plantes utilisées en médecine traditionelle polynésienne." Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1R034.
Full textA study carried out in 1992 by the Polynesian Center of Human Sciences indicated that traditional Polynesian medicine was as frequently used as conventional medicine (Grand, 2007). Otherwise, this practice has been studied just a little to date. This survey, carried out on the islands of Raiatea and Tahaa (Society archipelago), aimed to inventory the plants used in remedies for infectious diseases and to determine the antimicrobial activity of certain methanolic plant extracts by measuring of their MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration). The synergistic antibacterial effect of some species associations by the chessboard method was characterized (calculation of the FIC index). Cytotoxicity was measured on hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (Hep-G2) by MTT test. This study is one of the first conducted in the Leeward Islands. A plant species, whose extract had antimicrobial properties, was the subject of a phytochemical study: Syzygium malaccense. For the first time, ginkgolics acids / anacardics acids were isolated and identified in this species (by chromatographics, spectroscopics, mass methods and nuclear magnetic resonance technique)
Lumonadio, Luyengi. "Contribution à l'étude phytochimique et pharmacologique d'hannoa klaineana :Pierre et Engl. (Simaroubaceae)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213521.
Full textSahli, Ramla. "Etude phytochimique de quelques plantes extrêmophiles tunisiennes et exploration de leurs activités biologiques." Thesis, Lille 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL2S016/document.
Full textResearch strategies of active natural products include ecological approaches. Extremophile plants, and in particular, halophytes and xerophytes, salt and drought-resistant plants, are a case in point. As they develop an arsenal of adaptation responses, including a powerful antioxidant system, they prove to be a promising source of biomolecules, especially in phenolic compounds. In this study, an assessment of biological activities was carried out on eight Tunisian halophyte and xerophyte plants that would offer new applications in public health-care, as well as in agriculture. Limonium virgatum (Willd.) Fourr. (Plumbaginaceae), a halophyte plant, showed interesting antioxidant and antibacterial activities in accordance to a high polyphenol content and to the presence of phenylpropanoides, respectively. Cirsium scabrum (Poir.) Bonnet & Barratte (Asteraceae), a xerophyte plant, revealed a cytotoxic potential involving cycloartane-type triterpenes, and a promising activity against Dermabacter hominis strains which is linked to the presence of glycosylated flavones. Juncus maritimus Lam. (Juncaceae), a halophyte plant, should be referred to a source of phenanthrene derivativeswith original biological activities. Juncunol showed a high activity against an amoxicillin-resistant strain of Streptococcus pyogenes. Effusol was highly active against the wheat pathogen (Zymoseptoria tritici), for which high salinity conditions would stimulate its activity in the rhizomes of the plant. Most interestingly, dehydrojuncusol, has been introduced as a novel inhibitor of hepatitis C virus replication that is effective against resistant mutants for which some treatments available on the market became ineffective
Paphassarang, Somboun. "Contribution à l'étude botanique et phytochimique de Polyscias scutellaria (Burm. F. ) Fosb. (araliaceae)." Lyon 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO1W256.
Full textCoulerie, Paul Dominique. "Etude phytochimique et pharmacologique de plantes de Nouvelle-Calédonie à potentialités anti-dengue." Nouvelle Calédonie, 2012. http://portail-documentaire.univ-nc.nc/files/public/bu/theses_unc/ThesePaulCoulerie2012.pdf.
Full textKalegari, Milena. "Étude phytochimique, évaluation pharmacologique, antimicrobien (sic) et toxicologique de Rourea induta Planch. (Connaraceae)." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MNHN0007.
Full textThe species Rourea induta Planch. , (Connaraceae), popularly known as campeira, chapeudinha or pau-de-porco, has few studies reported in the literature, but many species in this family have interesting pharmacological activities described. The aim of this study was evaluate the phytochemical characteristics, the antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic, antifungal, antibacterial and toxicity of extracts and fractions from the leaves from Rourea induta. Were isolated and identified thirteen compounds, from the ethyl acetate fraction: epicatechin, guaijaverine, isoquercetrine, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester and procyanidin B2; from aqueous extract: procyanidin C1, chlorogenic acid, and neochlorogenic acid; and from chloroform fraction filtered in polyamide: (6S,9S)-roseoside, (6S,9R)-roseoside, citroside A, byzantionoside B and blumenol C glucoside. An HPLC method for the extract marker compound quantification, the hyperin, isolated and identified previously, was developed and validated. The antinociceptive activity was evaluated in vivo by the formalin injection test, whereby the aqueous extract (100 mg/kg; p. O. ) showed inhibition in both phases, showing antinociceptive and antiinflammatory activity. In mechanical allodynia evaluation (70% CFA), the aqueous extract (100 mg/kg; p. O. ) showed reduction of allodynia and showed anti-inflammatory effect by reducing cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β in mice paw and spinal cord, which was also able to reduce the nociception caused by TNF-α intrathecal injection. The opioid system is not involved as the antinociceptive mechanism of aqueous extract action. The antioxidant potential and the liver protection potential were evaluated with the ethanol extract (500 mg/kg; p. O. 7 days) in rats with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury. The ethanolic extract showed a protective action against liver injury evidenced by significant decrease of liver injury serum enzymes markers (ALT and AST). The extract also restored the imbalance induced by CCl4 as evidenced by the decrease in lipid peroxidation (TBARS), the increase of glutathione content and antioxidant defense system enzyme (SOD, CAT, GPx) to values close to normal. The hepatoprotective effect was confirmed by liver histological analysis. For acute toxicity evaluation in mice, ethanolic and aqueous extracts showed mild signs of kidney and liver toxicity in highest doses (300 and 2000 mg/kg p. O. ) when administered as a single dose. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity, evaluated by RAW264. 7 cells nitric oxide production, was demonstrated by chloroform fraction and polyamide-filtered chloroform fraction (100 µg/mL) (50% inhibition), and the three isolated glycosides (6S,9S)-roseoside, byzantionoside B and blumenol C glucoside (30% inhibition) (50 µg/mL). TNF-α production by these cells was inhibited by polyamide-filtered aqueous extract, polyamide-filtered ethanol extract and polyamide-filtered ethyl acetate fraction (100 µg/mL) with 5h of LPS stimulation. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated by minimum inhibitory concentration. The samples tested showed no activity towards Leishmania braziliensis and Trypanossma cruzi. In the antifungal test, ethyl acetate (MIC = 64 µg/mL), hexane (MIC =256 µg/mL) and chloroform (MIC = 256 µg/mL) fractions showed activity against C. Albicans, and the first two were also active against C. Parapsilosis (MIC = 16 and 64 µg/mL respectively). Aqueous and ethanolic extracts showed activity against the Gram positive bacteria S. Aureus (MIC = 39 and 78 µg/mL respectively) and E. Faecalis (78 µg/mL), and reduced activity against the Gram-negative bacteria E. Coli and P. Aeruginosa. Ethyl acetate fraction showed activity against both types of bacteria. No sample was cytotoxic against KB and MRC5 cells. No hemolytic activity was recorded either, so these fractions do not seen to be toxic. These results encourage further research with R. Induta leaf extracts and these extracts can be considered as promising in the context of new drugs research and development
Muhammad, Dima. "Etude phytochimique et biologique des trois Alphitonia (Rhamnaceae) endémiques à la Nouvelle-Calédonie." Thesis, Reims, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REIMP202/document.
Full textA collaborative project between the institute of Molecular chemistry of Reims (ICMR, UMR CNRS 7312) and the laboratory of natural substances in New Caledonia was established with the purpose to improve the phytochemical and biological evaluation of New-Caledonia endemic plants.The purification of the extracts of the leaves, stem bark and branches of A. xerocarpa and these of the fruits of A. neocaledonica led to the isolation of 48 compounds, of which 23 are new ones. The structural elucidation by 1D and 2D NMR confirmed the presence of 2 phytosterols, 19 saponins, 10 triterpens, 12 flavonoids, three glycosylated phenols, an aurone derivative, a glycosylated lignan, and a nucleoside.All hydro-alcoholique extracts showed a good DPPH radical scavenging capacity, only the butanolic extract of the fruits of A. neocaledonica was found to have anti-tyrosinase potential.Other screening tests were performed to evaluate the antibacterial properties of isolated compounds; some of them showed a high antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria with a range of MIC values between (4-32 µg/ml), and a good anti-proliferative activity against KB cells
Diakanamwa, Carlos. "Contribution à l'étude phytochimique et pharmacologique de hannoa chlorantha, Engl. et Gilg. (simaroubaceae)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212269.
Full textAmoussou, Nathalie. "Conception, synthèse, extraction phytochimique et étude biologique d'inhibiteurs potentiels de kinases à visées anticancéreuse." Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT1003.
Full textProteins kinases constitute a large group of enzymes that catalyze that play an essential role in the several cellular processes. Haspin, a serine/threonine kinase, is often classified as an atypical member of eukaryotic protein kinase family. The only substrate of Haspin identified to date is histone H3. Haspin plays an important role during mitosis and appears to be vital for maintaining chromosome cohesion. Due to it important role during mitosis, Haspin may have therapeutic utility in treating cancer. The aim of this work was to identify and valorize natural product as effective anti-cancer agents. This work is divided in two parts: - Firstly, we modulated a known structure to improve physico-chemical characteristics as well as biological activity. 8-amino-4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-5H-pyridazino[4,5- b]indole scaffold based on the grossularines A and B structure was designed. These new analogs were tested against many kinases and also evaluated against two human cancer cell lines. - In the second part, we studied five Beninese traditional medicine plants extracts: Amaranthus spinosus, Momordica charantia, Boerhaavia erecta, Boerhaavia diffusa and Combretum paniculatum. Phytochemical studies revealed that these plants have several active constituents. Acute toxicity studies were performed with plants extracts. After fractionation of the total extract of Combretum paniculatum, the various fractions were tested against many kinases
Filleur, Fabrice. "Etude phytochimique et structure de lignoides isolés du macis de myristica argentea warb. (myristicaceae)." Limoges, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LIMO301A.
Full textEl, Babili Fatiha. "Etude phytochimique et évaluation d'activités biologiques de diterpènes de croton campestris St Hil. , euphorbiaceae." Toulouse, INPT, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPT028G.
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