Academic literature on the topic 'Phytosanitary products'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Phytosanitary products.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Phytosanitary products"
1
Chock, A. "PHYTOSANITARY REQUIREMENTS FOR PLANT PRODUCTS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 269 (August 1990): 441–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1990.269.58.
Full text
2
Pînzaru, Iurie, Roman Corețchi, Tatiana Tonu, and Raisa Sîrcu. "CHEMICAL HAZARDS ASSOCIATED WITH PESTICIDES MANAGEMENT." Arta Medica 77, no. 4 (2020): 34–37. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4173721.
Full textAbstract:
<strong>Objectives.</strong> The study presents the estimation of the use level of phytosanitary products in the Republic of Moldova, during the years 2012-2019, and their impact on the population health. The aim of this scientific study is to assess the possible chemical risks during the management of phytosanitary products within national agriculture and their impact on human health. <strong>Materials and methods. </strong>The analyzed statistical data, provided by the territorial Public Health Centers, according to the statistical form nr. 2 “Report on the stock and use of phytosanitary products” in the Republic of Moldova, for the period 2012-2019, nr. 18. "Statistical report regarding on state surveillance and control of public health in the district, municipality". Additionally, were evaluated the annual statistical reports of the Republic of Moldova for the period 2012-2018<strong>.</strong> <strong>Results. </strong>The mean value of the intensity of use of phytosanitary products was 1.59 kg/ha. As a result of the comparative analysis of the North, Center and South country regions, during the years 2012-2019, in the northern region of the country was found an increased intensity of phytosanitary products, with a mean value of 1,85 kg/ha, the high level was registered in Strășeni district with a value of 4.66 kg/ha. Inadequate management of phytosanitary products generate acute chemical intoxication and other serious consequences on the health of the population. <strong>Conclusion.</strong> It is necessary to carry out a study to establish the correlation between management of the phytosanitary products at all stages with indicators of morbidity and mortality, including continuous monitoring of management of the phytosanitary products to minimize the negative impact on public health.
3
Bartolozzi, Natascia, Francesco Maioli, Monica Picchi, Valentina Civa, Valentina Canuti, and Paola Domizio. "Impact of Natural Phytosanitary Product Residuals on Yeast Fermentation Performance and Wine Composition." Foods 13, no. 21 (2024): 3484. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods13213484.
Full textAbstract:
Although phytosanitary treatments are necessary to protect grapes from parasitic diseases, consumers are increasingly concerned about the use of synthetic phytosanitary products and their possible residues in wine. Pre-harvest phytosanitary treatments are often inevitable, and consequently downtime is required to avoid possible residues on the grapes. Instead, natural phytosanitary products, such as essential oil (EO)-based products, can be applied close to the harvest without specific restrictions, with results that are not only technically convenient but also more attractive for the consumers. Because of the high antimicrobial activity of EO products, in the present study we evaluated the effect of different residual amounts of two new EO-based phytosanitary products on the alcoholic fermentation and the chemical composition of the final fermented products. In particular, two EO-based new formulations, exploitable in organic viticulture management, were evaluated. Increasing concentrations of each formulation were tested during laboratory scale fermentations and in comparison with synthetic and natural commercial phytosanitary products. Growth and fermentation kinetics of a commercial yeast strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the chemical and sensory profiles of the final products were evaluated. Both new formulations showed no significant impact on the growth and fermentation kinetic of S. cerevisiae at any of the concentrations tested. In all trials, alcoholic fermentation was completed in 15 days. Instead, a different chemical composition of the final products was observed. Therefore, these new products might represent an interesting alternative tool to the conventional phytosanitary treatments, being applicable close to the harvest without negative impacts on the kinetics of alcoholic fermentation and also being more acceptable to wine consumers.
4
Pogodina, I. V., and A. V. Gusarov. "Phytosanitary standards and their impact on international trade in plant and agricultural products (problem statement)." Vegetable crops of Russia, no. 6 (December 26, 2020): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2020-6-130-134.
Full textAbstract:
Relevance and methods. he article examines the impact of phytosanitary standards on international trade in plant products. It is noted that it is complex in two ways: on the one hand, phytosanitary control protects against low-quality goods, non-native pests and diseases, on the other – negatively affects international trade, makes it difficult for small producers to enter the market, especially when it comes to developing countries. The study provides examples of Vietnam and Chile. Results. It is concluded that excessively strict phytosanitary regulations act more as a barrier than as a catalyst for trade. Moreover, there is a tendency to tighten requirements. The authors draw attention not only to the necessity, but also to the complexity of harmonization of phytosanitary standards.
5
Derkanosova, A. A., A. V. Drannikov, S. Nshimirimana, N. A. Hryachkov, L. A. Hryachkova, and G. N. Egorova. "The use of algae to create phytosanitary products." Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies 85, no. 4 (2024): 102–8. https://doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2023-4-102-108.
Full textAbstract:
Microalgae and macroalgae have beneficial properties for nutrition, biocontrol, immunity and health, etc., especially in the context of integrated multitrophic aquaculture. Projects to improve the bioavailability, digestibility and pretreatment of algae, as well as those aimed at controlling crops with a high protein content (macro/micro), are growing in popularity. Bioremediation will be available for fertilization as part of a mineral and nitrogen recycling approach improved by the effects of these matrices on soil structuring and nutrient absorption. The advantage of microalgae is that they have a fairly short reproduction cycle (about half a day), which allows efficient production of biomass in large quantities. Microalgae have a wide variety of original molecules in their cells. This biomass is rich in lipids, proteins, vitamins and antioxidants. Microalgae form the basis of the concept, they have caused one of the greatest climatic changes in the history of the Earth. Their metabolism, based on photosynthesis, added huge amounts of oxygen to the "toxic primitive atmosphere of the Earth." The main characteristics of microalgae. Most microalgae are called photoautotrophic or autotrophic. Microalgae are very diverse and about 30,000 species have already been analyzed. This number is less than 10% of the estimated existing total. The most common classes in terms of relative abundance are diatoms (bacillariophyceae), green algae (chlorophyceae), cyanobacteria or blue-green algae (cyanophyceae) and golden algae (chrysophyceae). Most of the research is devoted to finding the best strains. The choice of microalgae species ultimately depends on the available organisms capable of synthesizing target products and achieving yields necessary to meet economic and technical constraints. Therefore, when choosing, it is necessary to take into account the prevailing climatic conditions, especially average and minimum temperatures and the availability of necessary nutrients. The use of algae to create phytosanitary products is a promising and in-demand area of research.
6
Massot, A., K. Estève, P. Noilet, C. Méoule, C. Poupot, and M. Mietton-Peuchot. "Biodegradation of phytosanitary products in biological wastewater treatment." Water Research 46, no. 6 (2012): 1785–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2011.12.055.
Full text
7
Lozano, E. R., P. M. O. J. Neves, L. F. A. Alves, M. Potrich, G. F. L. T. Vilas-Bôas, and R. G. Monnerat. "Action of natural phytosanitary products onBacillus thuringiensissubsp.kurstakiS-1905." Bulletin of Entomological Research 108, no. 2 (2017): 223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485317000670.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of natural phytosanitary products (NPs) on spores and crystals ofBacillus thuringiensissubsp.kurstakiS-1905 (Btk S-1905). For the spore assay, NPs and bacteria were applied in combination and individually. For the combined application, Btk S-1905 + NP mixtures were inoculated on nutrient agar (NA), and for the separate applications, the NPs were spread on NA plates, which were later inoculated with the pathogen. The number of colony-forming units (CFU) per milliliter was quantified after 18 h of incubation. For the crystal protein degradation assay, the Btk S-1905 + NP mixtures were added to the diet ofAnticarsia gemmatalis(Lepidoptera: Erebidae), and mortality was evaluated at the following time points: 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. Scanning electron microscopy and agarose gel electrophoresis were carried out. Biogermex and Ecolife®reduced the CFU ml−1in both combined and separate applications. Biogermex, Ecolife®, and Planta Clean were antagonistic to the action of bacterial toxins, and no product affected the morphology or resulted in the degradation of the crystal proteins. The remaining products evaluated did not reduce the CFU ml−1and had additive effect when combined with the crystal toxin.
8
Potrich, M., S. Dallacort, D. Luckman, E. R. Lozano, C. S. Pegorini, and D. Simionatto. "Compatibility of Beauveria bassiana and alternative phytosanitary products." Journal of Applied Microbiology 125, no. 6 (2018): 1802–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jam.14072.
Full text
9
ORYNTAEV, Zhambyl, Zhanna AKSHATAYEVA, Gulnar AIGARINOVA, Zhanna KALKANOVA, and Gulnur RASHEVA. "Legal Issues for Ensuring Phytosanitary Safety and Environmental Protection." Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 11, no. 3 (2020): 538. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jemt.v11.3(43).05.
Full textAbstract:
Phytosanitary safety is determined by the possibilities of ensuring food safety, which guarantees the sustainable development of the state and improvement of the quality of life. The specifics of ensuring regulation of phytosanitary safety are the principles of equilibrium regulation and the establishment of a holistic perception of safety parameters on the part of both regulatory bodies and regulatory agencies. The novelty of the study is determined by the fact that the formation of safety in the field of phytosanitary surveillance is determined not only by directly controlling the quality of plant raw materials, but also by the food products and materials that are subsequently produced from them. The authors have demonstrated aspects of the implementation of integrated surveillance, analysed the legal systems of various countries that can be sources of supervision and control in the field of phytosanitary safety. The article shows the possibility of expanding the standardisation programs of food raw materials and finished products for phytosanitary facilities. The practical significance of the study is determined by the fact that ensuring phytosanitary safety on a global scale will reduce the need for food supply of individual countries and increase the depth of processing of current food technologies. Ultimately, this will affect the possibility of intensifying social development programs of individual countries and regions.
10
Pavlyushin, Vladimir. "Biological plant protection in greenhouse, intensive and organic farming." BIO Web of Conferences 18 (2020): 00024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20201800024.
Full textAbstract:
The scientific schools of All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection offer a new paradigm for the development of plant protection, based on the principles of managing the phytosanitary state of agroecosystems. In recent years, the biological protection of vegetables in greenhouses develops intensively. The assortment of protective biological products are in demand on the domestic market and have proven themselves in bioprotection systems. Given the strict regulatory framework for organic farming and the presence of a wide variety of phytosanitary objects, the phytosanitary risks are of great importance when ecologically safe agricultural products are to be obtained. In intensive crop production, plant protection is largely based upon application of synthetic pesticides. Efforts are aimed at reduction of harm and one of the modern trends is the increase in usage of biological products for treatment of seeds as well as spraying crops during the vegetation season. More biological products are used nowadays and positive results are obtained.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Phytosanitary products"
1
Chatzivaryti, Chloi. "Characterization of the susceptibility of the vineyard of Château Margaux to the main fungal-like and diseases." Master's thesis, ISA-UL, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/12209.
Full textAbstract:
Mestrado Vinifera Euromaster - Instituto Superior de Agronomia - UL<br>In the context of reducing the use of phytosanitary products, precision viticulture searches to characterize the behavior of a vineyard by applying precise and exhaustive geo-located measures. The aim of this study is to create an epidemic zoning likely to explain variations of the vegetative development of vines and possible differences of the plants susceptibility to fungal-like and fungal diseases. It concerns the combination on three maps established at the Château Margaux, in the Medoc area of the Bordeaux vineyard (France). The maps represent the NDVI values, drainage quality and coarse element content of the vineyard. Each factor is expressed in three levels - low, medium, high. The combination of these factor maps introduces the concept of the Physiological Behavior Units (PBU).Every PBU consists of 5 consecutive vines for the disease monitoring (untreated control) and 8 vines around them for the physiological monitoring. During this experiment, 14 PBUs were distributed in the vineyard of Château Margaux and were physiologically and sanitarily monitored for the 2015 crop year. The results obtained show that the PBU concept can likely explain the variations in the physiological and sanitary behavior of the vineyard but however it demands a great precision in the selection and distribution of the experimental units. The results obtained were inconclusive due to the lack of replicates. As to continue this protocol for future studies, we propose to change the way of NDVI and drainage quality mapping in order to achieve a more accurate location of the PBUs in the vineyard of Château Margaux. Furthermore, we propose to do observations separately for every vine of the untreated control to better explain the variability existing in the untreated control. We also propose to have 3-4 replicates for the most represented PBUs in the vineyard of Château Margaux, but however a reduction of the total number of PBUs is needed as to lighten the workload of this project
2
Bonou, Jeacques Gbenonman. "Le droit des pesticides au Bénin : conditions de mise sur le marché et la responsabilité des distributeurs." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCD077/document.
Full textAbstract:
Le développement rapide de l’industrie chimique dans le monde et les risques insoupçonnables et souvent insidieux des produits chimiques ont permis à la communauté internationale de réglementer la commercialisation de ces produits. Ainsi, il a été élaboré des textes et des Conventions internationales réglementant le commerce de ces produits. L’objectif de la majorité de ces instruments est de favoriser le développement économique sans pour autant mettre à mal la santé publique et l’environnement. L’application de ces instruments internationaux a seulement atteint une maturité dans les pays industrialisés mais pose un véritable problème de société dans les pays en développement. L’effectivité de ces règles dans les pays en développement et principalement au Bénin est problématique. Les Etats se doivent de les ratifier ces instruments et de les transposer dans leurs législations nationales. Le législateur béninois a bien suivi cette démarche à travers la loi n°91-004 du 11 février 1991 portant réglementation phytosanitaire au Bénin et la loi-cadre sur l’environnement dont les dispositions sont applicables en matière de substances chimiques ou de pesticides. Ces différentes lois, ont-elles permis d’atteindre les objectifs de la protection agricole, de la santé publique, et de l’environnement ? Comment peut-on mettre en jeu la responsabilité des distributeurs béninois en cas de dommages liés à ces produits ? Les réponses à ces interrogations nous ont permis de constater des défaillances dans ces lois et que le législateur béninois doit moderniser sa législation dans le but de renforcer l’encadrement de ces produits. Quant aux mécanismes nationaux de responsabilité, la réforme à ce niveau est indispensable. Sinon les régimes de responsabilité ne permettent pas de responsabiliser les distributeurs. Les mécanismes de responsabilités existant dans le droit positif comportent des insuffisances pour une mise en œuvre efficace de la responsabilité des distributeurs. Ces insuffisances sont aussi bien réelles sur le plan de la responsabilité civile que pénal. Le législateur doit profondément revoir tout le dispositif applicable aux distributeurs, tout en modernisant le droit de la responsabilité civile avec la consécration de la responsabilité objective du fait des activités dangereuses. Aussi faudrait-il consacrer la responsabilité des personnes morales dans le droit pénal<br>The rapid development of the chemical industry in the world and the unsuspected and often insidious risks of chemicals have enabled the international community to regulate the marketing of these chemicals. For example, texts and international conventions regulating trade in these products have been developed. The majority of these instruments aim to promote economic development without undermining public health and the environment. The application of these international instruments has only reached maturity in the industrialized countries but poses a real societal problem in the developing countries. The effectiveness of these rules in developing countries, and especially in Benin, is problematic. States must ratify these instruments and transpose them into national legislation.The Beninese legislator has indeed followed this approach through Act No. 91-004 of 11 February 1991 on phytosanitary regulations in Benin and the framework law on the environment, the provisions of which apply to chemical substances or pesticides. Have these different laws made it possible to achieve the objectives of agricultural protection, public health and the environment? How can the Beninese distributors be held liable for damages related to these products? The answers to these questions allowed us to note deficiencies in these laws and that the Beninese legislator must modernize its legislation with the aim of reinforcing the supervision of these products. As for national accountability mechanisms, reform at this level is essential. Otherwise liability schemes do not allow distributors to be held accountable. The mechanisms of responsibility in the positive law contain inadequacies for an effective implementation of the responsibility of the distributors. These shortcomings are as real in terms of civil and criminal liability. The legislator must thoroughly review the entire system applicable to distributors, while modernizing the law of civil liability with the recognition of the objective liability for dangerous activities. Consequently, the liability of legal persons should be enshrined in criminal law
3
Adriano, Fabrícia Costa. "Seletividade de herbicidas de pré-semeadura em espécies de crotalária." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8077.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Franciele Moreira (francielemoreyra@gmail.com) on 2017-12-26T15:06:58Z
No. of bitstreams: 2
Dissertação - Fabrícia Costa Adriano - 2017.pdf: 1669039 bytes, checksum: c5ca12051627865e18eae1502d75d2b9 (MD5)
license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-12-27T10:43:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2
Dissertação - Fabrícia Costa Adriano - 2017.pdf: 1669039 bytes, checksum: c5ca12051627865e18eae1502d75d2b9 (MD5)
license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-27T10:43:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
Dissertação - Fabrícia Costa Adriano - 2017.pdf: 1669039 bytes, checksum: c5ca12051627865e18eae1502d75d2b9 (MD5)
license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2017-12-06<br>The Crotalaria juncea, C. spectabilis e C. ochroleuca are natural fertilizers that can control the population of nematodes in soil, it being used I consortium or succession by farmers of Brazilian Midwest. As there are no registered products for this crop and the information about the selectivity in these species are meager. Weed control has become an obstacle for the farmers. Thereby, the objective of this study was to investigate which herbicides show selectivity for C. juncea, C. spectabilis and C. ochroleuca. The study was conducted in pots in open field, at the Experimental Farm of the Federal University of Goias – Sectional of Jatai. It was in a fully delineated in factorial schemes with 5 replicates in 2 experiments.In the first experiment it was established the factorial scheme of 6X3, the first factor was composed of 5 herbicides (glyphosate + carfentrazone-ethyl, glyphosate + parquet, glyphosate + diclosulam, glyphosate + s-metolachlor, glyphosate), more to the check (without herbicides) and the second factor for 3 species of crotalaria (C. juncea, C. spectabilis and C. ochroleuca). The second experiment it was in scheme of 7X3, whereupon it was 6 herbicides (glyphosate + sulfentrazone, glyphosate + clomazone + carfentrazone-ethyl, glyphosate + 2,4-D, glyphosate + chlorimuron-ethyl, glyphosate + flumioxazin, glyphosate), more to the check (without herbicides) and the second factor for 3 species of crotalaria (C. juncea, C spectabilis and C ochroleuca). In both experiments it was simulated the application in the system of planting, being evaluated, the rate of emergency speed; the percentage of emerged plants; the height of plants; the dry mass of the aerial part and the root system. It was verified that the 3 species of crotalaria evaluated showed different behaviors for the same herbicide treatment.. The glyphosate + diclosulam e o glyphosate +s-metolachlor were not selective for the specie C. ochroleuca. The glyphosate + flumioxazin were not shown to be selective for the 3 species of crotalaria under study.<br>Crotalaria juncea, C. spectabilis e C. ochroleuca são fertilizantes naturais que conseguem controlar a população de nematóides no solo, sendo utilizadas em consorcio ou sucessão pelos agricultores do Centro-Oeste brasileiro. Como não existem produtos registrados para essa cultura e são escassas as informações sobre a seletividade de herbicidas nessas espécies, tornou-se um entrave para os agricultores o controle de plantas daninhas. Dessa forma, objetivou-se investigar herbicidas que apresentam seletividade para as espécies de C. juncea, C. spectabilis e C. ochroleuca. O estudo foi conduzido em vasos no campo aberto, na Fazenda Experimental da Universidade Federal de Goiás – Regional Jataí, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquemas fatoriais com cinco repetições em dois experimentos. No primeiro experimento estabeleceu o esquema fatorial 6x3, onde primeiro fator foi composto por 5 herbicidas (glyphosate + carfentrazone-ethyl, glyphosate + paraquat , glyphosate + diclosulam, glyphosate + s-metolachlor, glyphosate) mais a testemunha (sem herbicidas) e o segundo fator por 3 espécies de crotalária (C. juncea, C. spectabilis e C. ochroleuca). O segundo experimento foi no esquema 7x3, no qual foram 6 herbicidas (glyphosate + sulfentrazone, glyphosate + clomazone + carfentrazone-ethyl, glyphosate + 2,4-D, glyphosate + chlorimuron-ethyl, glyphosate + flumioxazin, glyphosate) mais a testemunha (sem herbicidas) e o segundo fator composto por 3 espécies de crotalária (C. juncea, C. spectabilis e C. ochroleuca). Em ambos os experimentos foi simulada a aplicação no sistema aplique-plante, avaliando-se o índice de velocidade de emergência; a porcentagem de plantas emergidas; a altura de plantas; a massa seca da parte aérea e do sistema radicular. Constatou-se que as três espécies de crotalária avaliadas demonstraram comportamentos distintos para um mesmo tratamento herbicida. O glyphosate + diclosulam e o glyphosate + s-metolachlor não foram seletivos para a espécie C. ochroleuca. O glyphosate + flumioxazin não demonstrou ser seletivo para as três espécies de crotalária avaliadas.
4
Clavero, François. "Etude de la dégradation de pesticides par procédé de Lumière Pulsée combinant une approche de chimie analytique et d’écotoxicologie. Application aux effluents viticoles." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025BORD0013.
Full textAbstract:
La viticulture génère d'important volumes d’eaux usées contaminées par des pesticides. Les procédés actuels pour traiter ces effluents présentent des limites (énergivores, efficacité limitée, production de déchets concentrés en pesticides). La lumière pulsée (LP) a récemment montré un potentiel pour la dégradation de quelques pesticides. L’objectif de ce travail a été de développer un procédé continu de traitement des effluents viticoles par LP en combinant une approche de chimie analytique et d’écotoxicologie.Tout d’abord, le traitement par LP en statique de 20 pesticides largement utilisés en viticulture a révélé la formation de 74 produits de dégradation. Ces pesticides ont été dégradés à au moins 93,5 %. A travers cette étude, une optimisation des conditions opératoires de traitement par LP a permis des baisses de toxicité aiguë pour tous les modèles étudiés (bactéries, algues et poissons).Puis, l’optimisation de la LP en mode continu a permis de dégrader plus de 99 % des 20 pesticides en cocktail. Le traitement optimisé a été appliqué sur 3 effluents. La toxicité des effluents a été significativement réduite pour les trois modèles biologiques. Cependant, une toxicité élevée subsiste dans tous les échantillons traités en raison des éléments traces métalliques (ETM) présents dans les effluents.Enfin, des analyses LC-HRMS ont permis de discriminer 82 produits de dégradation, via des outils chimiométriques et 47 structures ont été proposées. La toxicité individuelle des photoproduits, estimée par ECOSAR, indique une baisse de toxicité, à la fois aiguë et chronique, pour les algues et poissons, mais seuls deux photoproduits ont été estimés non-toxiques.Ces résultats confirment l’efficacité de la LP pour dégrader la majorité des pesticides étudiés et réduire la toxicité des eaux traitées. Un couplage de la LP avec des procédés de coagulation-floculation-filtration pour éliminer les ETM, ainsi que l’ajout de peroxyde d’hydrogène, pourrait encore améliorer cette efficacité, réduire les coûts énergétiques et permettre une dégradation plus importante des photoproduits. Des études supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour évaluer les effets aigus et chroniques de ce procédé sur divers maillons de la chaîne trophique aquatique<br>Viticulture generates significant volumes of wastewater contaminated with pesticides. Current processes for treating these effluents have limitations (energy-consuming, limited efficiency, and production of waste concentrated in pesticides). Pulsed light (PL) has recently demonstrated potential for the degradation of some pesticides. The objective of this work was to develop a continuous process for treating viticultural effluents using PL by combining an analytical chemistry and ecotoxicology approach.First, static PL treatment of 20 pesticides widely used in viticulture revealed the formation of 74 degradation products. These pesticides were at least 93.5% degraded. Through this study, optimization of the operating conditions for PL treatment led to reductions in acute toxicity for all models studied (bacteria, algae, and fish).Next, optimization of PL in continuous mode enabled the degradation of over 99% of the 20-pesticide cocktail. The optimized treatment was applied to 3 effluent samples, resulting in a significant reduction in toxicity for all three biological models. However, high toxicity persisted in all treated samples due to the presence of trace metal elements (TME) in the effluents.Finally, LC-HRMS analyses allowed the identification of 82 degradation products using chemometric tools, and 47 structures were proposed. The individual toxicity of the photoproducts, estimated by ECOSAR, indicated a reduction in both acute and chronic toxicity for algae and fish. However, only two photoproducts were estimated non-toxic.These results confirm the efficacy of PL in degrading most of the studied pesticides and reducing the toxicity of treated waters. Coupling PL with coagulation-flocculation-filtration processes to remove TMEs, along with the addition of hydrogen peroxide, could further enhance this efficiency, reduce energy costs, and improve the degradation of photoproducts. Further studies are needed to assess the acute and chronic effects of this process on various links within the aquatic trophic chain
5
Frare, Vanessa Cristina. "Tratamento de sementes de melão (Cucumis melo L.) para o controle de Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11135/tde-25052010-092252/.
Full textAbstract:
O melão é uma fruta de grande importância para o comércio de exportação do Brasil e, embora restrito a um pequeno número de estados produtores, o cultivo dessa fruta ampliou-se de forma significativa nos últimos anos. Um dos maiores problemas para essa cultura é a presença de patógenos, como a bactéria Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli (Aac), responsável por perdas de até 100%. O uso de sementes garantidamente sadias é a principal e mais efetiva medida de controle preconizada para essa bacteriose. Este trabalho teve como objetivo selecionar, in vitro e posteriormente in vivo, produtos capazes de erradicar a bactéria Aac de sementes de melão. Sessenta produtos fitossanitários comerciais foram selecionados para a avaliação do controle in vitro de quatro isolados, sendo nove bactericidas e 51 fungicidas, correspondendo a 6 e 45 ingredientes ativos distintos, respectivamente. Além desses produtos, avaliou-se também o efeito do óleo de melaleuca e do ácido peroxiacético sobre o crescimento dos isolados. Nos ensaios in vivo, sementes inoculadas e naturalmente infectadas foram tratadas, de maneira convencional e a vácuo, com os produtos e doses selecionados no ensaio in vitro. Todas as plântulas foram avaliadas quanto à presença de sintomas característicos de mancha-aquosa aos 21 dias após a emergência. Os antibióticos casugamicina (100 e 200 ug/L), oxitetraciclina (10, 100 e 200 ug/L), oxitetraciclina+sulfato de cobre (10, 100 e 200 ug/L), os fungicidas captana, carboxina+tiram, cloreto de benzalcônio, mancozebe+oxicloreto de cobre, metiram, metiram+piraclostrobina e tebuconazol, nas doses de 100 e 200 ug/L e o ácido peroxiacético a partir da dose de 300 ug/L apresentaram resultados satisfatórios na avaliação in vitro. No ensaio in vivo nenhum tratamento foi eficiente na erradicação da bactéria das sementes.<br>Melon is a fruit of great importance for the export trade of Brazil. Although cultivated in a small number of states, the cropping of this fruit has expanded significantly in recent years. Pathogens represent the most limiting factors, among which stands out the bacterium Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli (Aac), responsible for up to 100% losses. The use of healthy seed is the main and the most effective control measure of this bacterium. This study aimed to select first in vitro and subsequently in vivo, erradicant chemicals of Aac in melon seeds. Sixty commercial products were were tested in vitro in the control of four isolates, being nine bactericides and 51 fungicides, corresponding to six and 45 distinct active ingredients, respectively. Besides these products the effects of oil of the melaleuca tea tree and peroxyacetic acid were also evaluated. In the in vivo tests, inoculated and naturally infected seeds were treated by conventional manner and under vacuum, with the products and doses selected in the in vitro test. All seedlings were evaluated for the presence of characteristic bacterial fruit blotch symptoms at 21 days after emergence. The antibiotics kasugamycin (100 and 200 ug/L), oxytetracycline (10, 100 and 200 ug/L), oxytetracycline+copper sulphate (10, 100 and 200 ug/L), the fungicides captan, carboxin+thiram, benzalkonium chloride, mancozeb+copper oxychloride, metiran, metiran+pyraclostrobin and tebuconazole at doses of 100 and 200 ug/L and peroxyacetic acid at the dose of 300 ug/L showed satisfactory results in the in vitro control of the bacterium. However, no chemical efficiently eradicated the bacterium from the seeds in the \"in vivo\" tests.
6
Togni, Diogo Aparecido de Jesus. "Contribuição do tratamento de sementes de soja (Glycine max L. Merril) com fungicidas no manejo da ferrugem asiática." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11135/tde-17072008-161034/.
Full textAbstract:
O tratamento de sementes tem como objetivo tradicional erradicar ou reduzir os fungos associados às sementes, além de protegê-las de patógenos presentes no solo. Algumas doenças que ocorrem na parte área das plantas podem ser manejadas através do tratamento das sementes com produtos sistêmicos. Essa forma de controle tem sido utilizada há muitos anos, visando o controle de fungos biotróficos em arroz e trigo. A ferrugem asiática da soja é a principal doença que ataca a cultura, a qual necessita de ferramentas eficientes para seu manejo. O objetivo desta dissertação foi verificar a contribuição do tratamento de sementes de soja com produtos fitossanitários no manejo da ferrugem asiática. Desta forma, produtos fitossanitários foram aplicados às sementes de soja em diferentes doses, a fim de se verificar os efeitos fitotóxicos sobre sementes e plântulas que eventualmente fossem causados pelos mesmos. As maiores doses não fitotóxicas de cada tratamento foram selecionadas, novamente aplicadas às sementes e distribuídas em campo experimental, onde se verificou o efeito do tratamento das sementes isoladamente ou com a aplicação foliar de fungicidas foliares, no manejo da ferrugem asiática da soja. Ciproconazol + azoxistrobina (10,0 + 25,0g i.a./100kg de sementes), difenoconazol (50,0), epoxiconazol (2,5), fluquinconazol (50,0), flutriafol (10,0), flutriafol TS (5,0), flutriafol + tiofanato metílico (10,0 + 50,0), tebuconazol (10,0), tebuconazol + trifloxistrobina (10,0 + 5,0), tetraconazol (10,0), triticonazol (25,0), acibenzolar-S-methyl (50,0) e pó de rocha (2,0) não apresentaram fitotoxicidade e foram comparados em campo. Ciproconazol + azoxistrobina (25,0 + 10,0g i.a./100kg de sementes) e epoxiconazol (2,5) diminuíram a emergência das plântulas de soja em campo. No ensaio somente com tratamento de sementes, sem aplicação de fungicida foliar, tebuconazol e tebuconazol + trifloxistrobina diminuíram a ferrugem asiática em plantas de soja. Quando se integrou a pulverização foliar de fungicidas, fluquinconazol, tebuconazol e tebuconazol + trifloxistrobina, diminuíram a severidade da ferrugem asiática da soja. Apesar de não aumentar o rendimento da cultura, o tratamento de sementes pode contribuir no manejo da ferrugem asiática da soja, mantendo a segurança e o rendimento do produtor.<br>Seed treatment has as traditional objective to eradicate or to reduce fungi associated with seeds and to protect them from soilborne pathogens. Some diseases that occur in the aerial part of plants may be managed through seed treatment with systemic products. This kind of control has been used for many years, aiming the control of biotrophic fungi in rice and wheat. Soybean\'s asian rust is the main disease that attacks the culture, which needs efficient tools for its management. The objective of this study was to verify the contribution of soybean seed treatment with phytosanitary products in the management of asian rust. In this case, phytosanitary products were applied to soybean seeds in different doses, aiming to verify the phytotoxicity effects onto seeds and seedlings that eventually would be caused by these products. The highest non phytotoxic doses of each treatment were selected, applied again to seeds and these were distributed on experimental field, where it was verified the effect of each seed treatment with and without foliar application of fungicides, in the management of soybean\'s asian rust. Ciproconazol + azoxystrobin (10,0 + 25,0g a.i./100kg of seeds), difenoconazol (50,0), epoxiconazol (2,5), fluquinconazole (50,0), flutriafol (10,0), flutriafol TS (5,0), flutriafol + thiophanate-methyl (10,0 + 50,0), tebuconazole (10,0), tebuconazole + trifloxystrobin (10,0 + 5,0), tetraconazole (10,0), triticonazole (25,0), acibenzolar-S-methyl (50,0) and rock powder (2,0) did not present phytotoxicity and were compared in field. Ciproconazol + azoxystrobin (25,0 + 10,0g a.i./100kg of seeds) and epoxiconazol (2,5) decreased the seedling\'s emergency in field. In the experiment with only seed treatment, with no foliar fungicide application, tebuconazole and tebuconazole + trifloxystrobin decreased asian rust in soybean plants. When the application of foliar fungicide was integrated, fluquinconazole, tebuconazole and tebuconazole + trifloxystrobin the asian rust severity decreased. Despite there was no increase in the culture yield, seed treatment can contribute in asian rust´s management, increasing the safety an the revenue of the producer.
7
BEAUPERE, BENEDICTE. "Les intoxications involontaires par produits phytosanitaires, bilan et proposition d'une enquete." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO1M081.
Full text
8
Lixa, Alice Teodorio. "Bioecologia de joaninhas predadoras em sistema org?nico diversificado e efeitos de defensivos alternativos sobre Coleomegilla maculata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) em laborat?rio." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2013. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/2474.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2018-09-26T12:19:08Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
2013 - Alice Teodorio Lixa.pdf: 7684993 bytes, checksum: f6675b748532a5b5835d14d6a4480870 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-26T12:19:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
2013 - Alice Teodorio Lixa.pdf: 7684993 bytes, checksum: f6675b748532a5b5835d14d6a4480870 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2013-02-22<br>Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES<br>Coccinellid predators are natural enemies of agricultural pests such as aphids and scale
insects. They are known colloquially as ladybirds, ladybugs or lady beetles. Some species
only complete their development and produce viable eggs and offspring when they consume
their preferred prey. However, in the absence of this prey, or in presence with lower
nutritional quality prey, the ladybugs tend to consume alternative foods, such as pollen and
nectar, to ensure their survival. Thus, the choice and maintenance of useful floral resources to
ladybugs in agroecosystems is a strategy favorable to the conservation of natural enemy
populations in the production environment. Another line is the use of pesticides that cause
fewer negative impacts on natural enemies of pests. This study worked on these two fronts,
seeking to know floral species beneficial in situ conservation of biodiversity of ladybugs, and
to evaluable the impact of pesticides used in organic agriculture on these insects. The thesis is
organized in three chapters. Chapter I aimed to identify plant families and/or plant species are
natural sources of pollen grains for predatory ladybug adults in diversified organic system.
Adults were collected from 26 August 2010 to 22 August 2011, at area of Integrated
Agroecological Production System (IAPS), in Serop?dica, RJ, Brazil. Baker's legs and wings
have been removed to avoid contamination with pollen attached to the outside of the insects,
the remainder of the body subjected to acetolysis analysis, aiming at the identification of
pollen possibly ingested. We identified pollen from different plant species: star fruit
(Averrhoa carambola, Oxalidaceae), coriander (Coriandrum sativum, Apiaceae), sunflower
(Helianthus annuus, Asteraceae), maize (Zea mays, Poaceae), elderberry (Sambucus nigra,
Adoxaceae), and different families: coming from Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae,
Malvaceae, Myrtaceae, and Passifloraceae. Pollens were found in seven species of ladybugs.
Just Cycloneda sanguinea ingested pollen of all these families, and pollen unidentified
families. Chapter II aimed to determine the diversity of adult ladybugs community in the area
of IAPS, and characterize the population structure by faunistic indexes. Species richness was
equal to seven [Cycloneda sanguinea, Hippodamia convergens, Coleomegilla maculate,
Coleomegilla quadrifasciata, Eriopis connexa, Harmonia axyridis, and Olla v-nigrum]. C.
sanguinea, H. convergens, and C. maculata were classified as dominant, being the first
constant and others accessories. In Chapter III, the studies were conducted with C. maculata
at laboratory conditions, with the objective of evaluating the effect of different concentrations
of alternative pesticides used in organic agriculture (Natuneem?, Nim-I-Go?, Rotenat?, Lime
sulfur, and Agrobio?) on biological aspects of this insect. The two neem based products
(Natuneem and Nim-I-Go) to 2 % and the ?timb?? based product (Rotenat) 1% and 2 %
decreased egg viability of C. maculata. Nim-I-Go at concentrations of 1% and 2% caused
higher mortality than the control treatment (water) in all larval instars. Except Agrobio, all
pesticides adversely affected the reproduction of C. maculata. The neem based products
should be used sparingly to avoid negative effects on the development of C. maculata.<br>Dentre os inimigos naturais das pragas agr?colas, destacam-se os coccinel?deos predadores,
tamb?m conhecidos como joaninhas. Algumas esp?cies s? completam seu desenvolvimento e
produzem ovos e prog?nies vi?veis quando consomem sua presa preferencial. Todavia, na
aus?ncia dessa presa ou na presen?a de uma presa com qualidade nutricional inferior, as
joaninhas tendem a consumir alimentos alternativos, tais como p?len e n?ctar, para garantir
sua sobreviv?ncia. Desse modo, a escolha e a manuten??o de recursos florais ?teis ?s
joaninhas no agroecossistema ? uma estrat?gia favor?vel ? conserva??o de popula??es dos
inimigos naturais no ambiente de produ??o. Outra linha ? o uso de defensivos que causem
menos impactos negativos aos inimigos naturais das pragas. O presente trabalho atuou nessas
duas frentes, buscando conhecer esp?cies florais ben?ficas a conserva??o in situ da
biodiversidade das joaninhas e defensivos agr?colas, usados na agricultura org?nica, menos
danosos a esses insetos. A tese foi organizada em tr?s cap?tulos. No Cap?tulo I objetivou-se
identificar, em sistema org?nico diversificado, quais fam?lias e/ou esp?cies bot?nicas s?o
fontes naturais de gr?os de p?len para adultos de joaninhas predadoras. Os adultos foram
coletados de 26 de agosto de 2010 a 22 de agosto de 2011, em ?rea do Sistema Integrado de
Produ??o Agroecol?gica (SIPA), em Serop?dica, RJ. Asas e pernas das joaninhas foram
retiradas a fim de evitar contamina??es por polens presos ? parte externa dos insetos, sendo o
restante do corpo submetido ? an?lise de acet?lise, objetivando a identifica??o dos polens
possivelmente ingeridos. Foram identificados polens de diferentes esp?cies bot?nicas:
carambola (Averrhoa carambola, Oxalidaceae), coentro (Coriandrum sativum, Apiaceae),
girassol (Helianthus annuus, Asteraceae), milho (Zea mays, Poaceae), sabugueiro (Sambucus
nigra, Adoxaceae); e de diferentes fam?lias: oriundos de Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae,
Fabaceae, Malvaceae, Myrtaceae e Passifloraceae. Os polens foram encontrados em sete
esp?cies de joaninhas afid?fagas. Apenas a Cycloneda sanguinea ingeriu p?len de todas essas
fam?lias, al?m de polens de fam?lias n?o identificadas. No Cap?tulo II, objetivou-se determinar
a diversidade comunidade de joaninhas adultas, em ?rea do SIPA, e caracterizar a estrutura
das popula??es por meio da an?lise faun?stica. A riqueza de esp?cies foi igual a sete
[Cycloneda sanguinea, Hippodamia convergens, Coleomegilla maculata, Coleomegilla
quadrifasciata, Eriopis connexa, Harmonia axyridis e Olla v-nigrum]. C. sangu?nea, H.
convergens e C. maculata foram classificadas como dominantes, sendo a primeira constante e
as demais acess?rias. No Cap?tulo III, os estudos foram conduzidos com C. maculata, em
condi??es de laborat?rio, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de diferentes concentra??es de
produtos fitossanit?rios alternativos usados em agricultura org?nica (Natuneem?, Nim-I-Go?,
Rotenat?, Calda sulfoc?lcica e Agrobio?), sobre aspectos biol?gicos desse inseto. Os dois
produtos ? base de nim (Natuneem e Nim-I-Go) a 2% e o produto ? base de timb? (Rotenat) a
1% e 2% diminu?ram a viabilidade dos ovos de C. maculata. Nim-I-Go nas concentra??es de
1% e 2% causou maior mortalidade do que o tratamento controle (?gua) em todos os instares
larvais. Com exce??o do Agrobio todos os produtos fitossanit?rios influenciaram
negativamente a reprodu??o de C. maculata. Os produtos ? base de nim devem ser utilizados
com parcim?nia para evitar efeitos negativos ao desenvolvimento de C. maculata.
9
Thevenot, Gaël. "De la prévention des risques au changement des pratiques agricoles : les limites du droit de la protection phytosanitaire." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE0040/document.
Full textAbstract:
Les produits phytopharmaceutiques, communément appelés pesticides, sont utilisés pour lutter contre les organismes nuisibles aux plantes et, ce faisant, assurer les rendements agricoles et les approvisionnements alimentaires. L'encadrement juridique français de ces produits s'est donc d'abord intéressé à garantir leur efficacité. Dans un second temps seulement, il a cherché à limiter les risques qu'ils présentent pour la santé et l'environnement. Depuis la stratégie thématique communautaire sur l'utilisation durable des pesticides, l'objectif qui lui est assigné est plus ambitieux, car il s'agit de réduire la dépendance de l'agriculture aux pesticides. Au-delà de la réduction des quantités de produits utilisées, il devient alors nécessaire d'adopter de nouvelles pratiques de lutte et, plus encore, de nouvelles méthodes agronomiques permettant de prévenir l'apparition et le développement des nuisibles. Or, les règles relatives à la mise sur le marché des produits phytopharmaceutiques, coeur du dispositif juridique, si elles réduisent le niveau de risque acceptable pour la santé et l'environnement des pesticides, peinent à atteindre cet objectif. Il en va de même du nouvel encadrement de l'utilisation des pesticides, pourtant plus prometteur. Pour réorienter les pratiques agricoles, il s'avère nécessaire de faire appel aux ressources de l'ensemble du droit agricole. Or, qu'il s'agisse du recours aux instruments de marché ou du cadre très structurant de la politique agricole commune, l'intégration, certes croissante, des préoccupations sanitaires et environnementales reste à un niveau encore insuffisant pour modifier substantiellement les pratiques<br>Plant protection products, also known as pesticides, are used to fight against offensive organisms on plants. By doing so, they also guarantee crop yield and food supplying. French legal framework has been genuinely built to ensure market efficiency to these products even before trying to limit their impact on health and environment. With the community thematic strategy on sustainable use of pesticides, its objective gets more aspiring as it now concerns the reduction of farming dependency on pesticides. But more than reducing the use of these products, it becomes necessary to implement new practices. Moreover, new agronomical methods have to be set up against pest emergence and its uncontrolled growth. Although market rules on plant protection products, which are in the core of the legal package, do lower the risk on health and environment, they hardly reach this goal. It is the same analysis with the yet promising legal framework on pesticides use. Calling on the entire resources of agricultural law becomes necessary in order to redirect farming practises. In spite of the help from both market instruments and the very structuring framework of the common agricultural policy, the growing integration of health and environmental concern stays at an unsufficient level to substantially change these practices
10
Berger, Cyndel. "Traitement phytosanitaire des arbres par micro-injection : résilience de la blessure, transfert des molécules et efficacité." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30259.
Full textAbstract:
L'injection de produits de traitement des plantes (PPP) dans le tronc des arbres est une méthode alternative aux traitements phytosanitaires par pulvérisation aérienne. Cette méthode consiste à positionner les PPP dans le système vasculaire, le flux xylémien assurant la dispersion de la molécule dans l'arbre. Les résultats d'efficacité aléatoires de ces méthodes nécessitent de mieux comprendre le transfert et la distribution des PPP dans l'arbre afin d'optimiser les traitements. Une méthode non invasive, la micro-injection à l'aide d'une aiguille de faible diamètre, a été utilisée dans ce projet, et pour laquelle il s'agissait de déterminer la résilience de la blessure d'injection occasionnée par l'aiguille. Les blessures ont été analysées par imagerie sur des coupes de troncs de pommiers et de vignes. Les observations ont révélé la mise en place de barrières physico-chimiques isolant la blessure de l'atmosphère extérieur, avec compartimentation d'une zone impactée de faible volume tissulaire et une résilience assez rapide de la blessure sur pommiers. D'autre part, la cinétique de distribution de 3 substances actives, difénoconazole, imidaclopride et pyriméthanile, a été suivie après injection chez le pommier. Les analyses par LC-MS/MS ont montré une grande variabilité dans la distribution foliaire des substances actives et des concentrations dans les fruits inférieurs aux limites maximales de résidus. L'emploi de colorants ou de PPP radiomarqués a permis d'étudier les paramètres qui contrôlent la distribution. Ces essais ont montré que la sectorisation du système vasculaire et la trajectoire des faisceaux vasculaires régissent la distribution spatiale. En outre, la rétention des substances actives sur les vaisseaux de xylème est le facteur principal du faible transfert de certaines substances actives qui peut être amélioré par l'utilisation de tensio-actifs. Par ailleurs, l'efficacité de trois autres substances actives, thiabendazole, allicine, nanoparticules d'argent, a été testée in vitro contre différents champignons pathogènes en vue de leur utilisation par injection. Le thiabendazole, qui présentait la meilleure efficacité, et l'allicine semblent être de bons candidats pour cette utilisation. Ces travaux ont permis de montrer que la micro-injection était une méthode de traitement durable sans risque pour les arbres mais que des progrès dans les formulations devaient être encore faits pour obtenir une efficacité suffisante<br>Trunk injection of plant protection products (PPP) into trees is an alternative method to aerial spraying. This method consists in placing PPP in the vascular system, the sapflow ensuring the dispersion of the molecule in the tree. The random efficacy results of these methods require a better understanding of the transfer and distribution of PPP in the tree in order to optimize treatments. A non-invasive method, the micro-injection with a small diameter needle, was used in this project to determine the resilience of the injection wound caused by the needle. Wounds were analyzed by imaging on sections of apple tree trunks and vines. The establishment of physico-chemical barriers was observed on apple trees. The wound is then isolated from the external atmosphere by compartmentalization of a limited impacted tissue area and a quite rapid resilience of the wound. The distribution kinetics of three active ingredients (a.i) difenoconazole, imidacloprid and pyrimethanil, was monitored after injection in apple trees. Analyses by LC-MS/MS showed a high variability in the foliar distribution of a.i. and concentrations in fruits were below the maximum residue limit. Dyes or radiolabeled PPP were used to study the parameters that control the distribution. These results showed that sectorization of the vascular system and patterns of water flow govern the spatial distribution. In addition, the retention of a.i. on xylem vessels is the main factor explaining the low transfer of some a.i. which can be improved by using surfactants. Furthermore, the efficacy of three others a.i., thiabendazole, allicin and silver nanoparticles, has been tested invitro against various pathogenic fungi to be used by injection. Thiabendazole, which had the highest efficacy, and allicin appeared to be good candidates for this purpose. This work showed that micro-injection was a lasting treatment method without risk for the trees. Further progress in PPP formulations are nevertheless still needed to achieve sufficient efficacy
Books on the topic "Phytosanitary products"
1
World Bank. South Asia Regional Office. Sustainable Development Unit. and World Bank. South Asia Regional Office. India Country Management Unit., eds. India, India's emergent horticultural exports: Addressing sanitary and phytosanitary standards and other challenges. Sustainable Development Sector Unit, India Country Management Unit, South Asia Region, [World Bank], 2007.
Find full text
2
Research and Information System for the Non-aligned and Other Developing Countries., ed. Addressing sanitary and phytosanitary agreement: A case study of select processed food products in India. Research and Information System for the Non-Aligned and Other Developing Countries, 2002.
Find full text
3
Black, Robert Leslie Brian. Modernizing sanitary and phytosanitary measures to facilitate trade in agricultural and food products: Report on the development of an SPS plan for the CAREC countries. Asian Development Bank, 2013.
Find full text
4
Workshop, on the Development and Implementation of the Taba Conference Resolution on Harmonization of Agricultural Health Phytosanitary and Quality Standards for Fresh Fruits and Vegetables between Egypt Jordan Israel and Palestine (2000 Jerusalem). The harmonization of agricultural health, phytosanitary and quality standards for fresh fruits and vegetables between Egypt, Jordan, Israel and Palestine: A strategy for cooperative regional expert marketing of agricultural products. Israel/Palestine Center for Research and Infromation, 2001.
Find full text
5
United States. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. Phytosanitary certificate issuance and tracking electronic system. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, 2010.
Find full text
6
Lori, Lynch, and United States. Dept. of Agriculture. Economic Research Service, eds. Effects of a free trade agreement on U.S. and Mexican sanitary and phytosanitary regulations. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, 1992.
Find full text
7
Office, General Accounting. Agricultural exports: U.S. needs a more integrated approach to address sanitary/phytosanitary issues : report to Congressional requesters. The Office, 1997.
Find full text
8
Office, General Accounting. Agricultural exports: U.S. needs a more integrated approach to address sanitary/phytosanitary issues : report to Congressional requesters. The Office, 1997.
Find full text
9
Office, General Accounting. Agricultural exports: U.S. needs a more integrated approach to address sanitary/phytosanitary issues : report to congressional requesters. The Office, 1997.
Find full text
10
Office, General Accounting. Agricultural exports: U.S. needs a more integrated approach to address sanitary/phytosanitary issues : report to congressional requesters. The Office, 1997.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Phytosanitary products"
1
Haque, Ziaul, and Mujeebur Rahman Khan. "International regulations." In Handbook of invasive plant-parasitic nematodes. CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789247367.0017.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The World Trade Organization (WTO)-Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) agreement allows countries to use different standards and different methods of inspection for products. To achieve the targets, international standards need to be developed and the WTO-SPS agreement has assigned responsibilities to the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) to develop standards for plant health and International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures (ISPM). This chapter describes the IPPC as the international standard-setting body for developing international standards, guidelines and recommendations with respect to phytosanitary measures related to trade in food and agriculture. It also discusses the ISPMs, which are the standards, guidelines and recommendations recognized as the basis for phytosanitary measures applied by members of the WTO under the Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (the WTO-SPS Agreement). Details of ISPMs related to plant-parasitic nematodes, how to determine their invasiveness and the subjects dealt with in this chapter are summarized.
2
Lucangeli, Leandro, Emanuele D’Angelantonio, and Antonio Pallotti. "Automatic Monitoring IoT System for Phytosanitary Products in Agricultural Machinery." In Proceedings of SIE 2022. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26066-7_41.
Full text
3
Salah, Meriem, Sonia Boudiche, Sameh Amara, and Salwa Bornaz. "Study of the Phytosanitary Products and Livestock Growth Hormones Impact on Tunisian Consumer Health." In Recent Advances in Environmental Science from the Euro-Mediterranean and Surrounding Regions. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70548-4_561.
Full text
4
Vishunavat, Karuna, Kuppusami Prabakar, and Theerthagiri Anand. "Seed Health: Testing and Management." In Seed Science and Technology. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5888-5_14.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractHealthy seeds play an important role in growing a healthy crop. Seed health testing is performed by detecting the presence or absence of insect infestation and seed-borne diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, and viruses. The most detrimental effect of seed-borne pathogens is the contamination of previously disease-free areas and the spread of new diseases. Sowing contaminated or infected seeds not only spreads pathogens but can also reduce yields significantly by 15–90%. Some of the major seed-borne diseases affecting yield in cereals, oilseeds, legumes, and vegetables, particularly in the warm and humid conditions prevailing in the tropical and sub-tropical regions, are blast and brown spot of rice, white tip nematode and ear-cockle in wheat, bacterial leaf blight of rice, downy mildews, smuts, head mould, seedling rots, anthracnose, halo blight, and a number of viral diseases. Hence, detection of seed-borne pathogens, such as fungi (anthracnose, bunt, smut, galls, fungal blights), bacteria (bacterial blights, fruit rots, cankers), viruses (crinkle, mottle, mosaic), and nematodes (galls and white tip), which transmit through infected seed to the main crop, is an important step in the management strategies for seed-borne diseases. Thus, seed health testing forms an essential part of seed certification, phytosanitary certification, and quarantine programmes at national and international levels. Detection of seed-borne/transmitted pathogens is also vital in ensuring the health of the basic stock used for seed production and in maintaining the plant germplasm for future research and product development. Besides the precise and reproducible testing methods, appropriate practices during seed production and post-harvest handling, including seed treatment and storage, are important components of seed health management and sustainable crop protection.
5
Akhal, Najat. "Intensive Agriculture in the Irrigated Perimeter of Tadla Between the Challenge of Increasing Yields and Preserving Biodiversity." In Advances in Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering. IGI Global, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-9450-2.ch015.
Full textAbstract:
The beginning of the use of pesticides in the irrigated perimeter of Tadla, was since the second half of the 20th century by the integration of different new crops, especially those oriented towards industrialization and commercialization, such as beet, sugar cane, cotton, soft wheat, citrus, olive trees, vegetables and other types of fruit trees, fodder... This requires the use of phytosanitary products to protect them against pests, weeds, fungi and some diseases that contribute to the deterioration of agricultural products, therefore, the use of pesticides of different kinds becomes necessary for the farmer despite its contribution to the damage of the environmental system especially the biogenesis, Because a very interesting number of living beings that used to live in the irrigated perimeter of Tadla are experiencing a very interesting decline or/and a definitive disappearance due to the intensive use of phytosanitary
6
"TFEU." In The EU Treaties and Charter of Fundamental Rights: A Commentary, 2nd ed., edited by Manuel Kellerbauer, Marcus Klamert, and Jonathan Tomkin. Oxford University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198913689.003.0334.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This chapter discusses Article 168 TFEU that covers both internal and external EU competences on public health. It highlights the EU’s powers over public health and their obligation to foster cooperation with third countries and relevant international organisations. It also looks at the response of Article 168 TFEU to public perception and societal developments, such as the BSE crisis and AIDS contamination scandals. The chapter explores legislative powers concerning the quality and safety of organs and substances of human origin, blood, and blood derivatives and concerning the veterinary and phytosanitary fields. It cites Article 168(4)(c) TFEU that includes medicinal products and devices for medical use as a subject for legislative action.
7
Gomula, Joanna. "Introductory Note." In The Global Community Yearbook of International Law and Jurisprudence 2018. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190072506.003.0022.
Full textAbstract:
In 2017 panel and Appellate Body reports were adopted in nine disputes. The disputes concerned alleged violations under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade of 1994 (GATT 1994), the Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS Agreement), the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM Agreement), the Anti-Dumping Agreement, and the Agreement on Agriculture. Four of the disputes concerned restrictions placed on the importation of animal products (mainly poultry and pigs), such as licensing requirements and import restrictions, tariff rate quotas established following re-negotiations with principal suppliers, and SPS measures. The dispute over a ban on importation of pigs featured an important issue relating to the “regionalization” of SPS measures. Two disputes provided clarification as to the relationship between WTO agreements, in particular, the relationship between GATT 1994 and the Agreement on Agriculture. The year 2017 also saw another case in the “series” of the Airbus/Boeing subsidies disputes, with the United States scoring a victory over the European Union.
8
Msaad Guerfali, Meriem, Kamel Charaabi, Mohamed Chaouachi, et al. "Facing the Red Palm Weevil (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus) (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) – Safeguarding Phoenix canariensis and beyond." In Wildlife Conservation - Natural and Human-Influenced Ecosystems [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1006749.
Full textAbstract:
Phytosanitary regulations in various countries govern the importation and movement of plants and plant products. These regulations aim to prevent the introduction of harmful organisms into the territory, which may be present on plants and in the soil and can adversely affect both crops and biodiversity. The introduction of plant varieties carrying pests can have disastrous consequences. One significant example is the Red Palm Weevil (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus), inadvertently introduced to Tunisia with Phoenix canariensis. First detected in Carthage, the pest has since spread to several governorates, including Bizerte, Ariana, Ben Arous, and Zaghouan. The Red Palm Weevil, with a wide host range and distribution, threatens palm biodiversity by infesting palm trees, leading to their death. In Tunisia, this invasion poses a major risk, particularly as the Phoenix dactylifera, one of the preferred species of the RPW, is mainly found in the southern region of the country. Tunisia’s status as the leading exporter of dates to the European Union further underscores the economic and agricultural implications of RPW infestation. To address this threat, various management strategies have been implemented worldwide and in Tunisia.
9
Barkai-Golan, Rivka, and Peter A. Follett. "Phytosanitary Irradiation." In Irradiation for Quality Improvement, Microbial Safety and Phytosanitation of Fresh Produce. Elsevier, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-811025-6.00011-2.
Full text
10
Barkai-Golan, Rivka, and Peter A. Follett. "Phytosanitary Irradiation." In Irradiation for Quality Improvement, Microbial Safety and Phytosanitation of Fresh Produce. Elsevier, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-811025-6.00012-4.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Phytosanitary products"
1
Рахмонов, Фурқат. "CERTIFICATION OF CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS." In Status and development trends of standardization and technical regulation in the world. Tashkent state technical university, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51346/tstu-conf.22.1-77-0031.
Full textAbstract:
Usually, a certified product contains a list of technical conditions (indicators) in the in regulatory documents, mandatory certification control, the procedure and scope of certification tests, and, if necessary, hygienic, veterinary, phytosanitary or environmental requirements.
2
Ribes-Giner, Gabriela, Barbara Ribes-Giner, and M. Rosario Perello-Marin. "Greenbranding practices for a company of phytosanitary ecological products." In 1st International Conference on Business Management. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/icbm.2015.1343.
Full text
3
Оrlova, J. V., Е. А. Sukholozova, Yu Yu Кulakova, and V. G. Кulakov. "Plants of the buckwheat family (Polygonaceae), pink family (Caryophyllaceae), poppy family (Papaveraceae), in exported grain products." In Растениеводство и луговодство. Тимирязевская сельскохозяйственная академия, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1762-4-2020-138.
Full textAbstract:
The grain market is an important segment of the Russian economy. Export plant products must comply with the phytosanitary requirements of the importing countries. Analysis of phytosanitary requirements of importing countries, identification of weeds of natural flora from the families Polygonaceae, Caryophyllaceae andРapaveraceae, as well as their distribution in Russia and their availability in grain products are discussed in the work.
4
Kh. JABER, Salah. "PEST CONTROL IMPACTING PLANTS AND PLANT PRODUCTS UNDER THE 1997 INTERNATIONAL PLANT PROTECTION CONVENTION." In IX. International Congress of Humanities and Educational Research. Rimar Academy, 2024. https://doi.org/10.47832/ijher.congress9-5.
Full textAbstract:
The International Plant Protection Convention of 1997 is one of the international agreements adopted by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). It extends the Rome Convention of 1951 and has been amended with new regulations that protect plants and their products in a way that preserves the environment and ensures global food security according to the FAO's modern vision. The research addresses the international legal rules adopted by the International Plant Protection Convention of 1997 to prevent and control the spread of pests. These rules include the general provisions of plant protection that the contracting parties must endorsed within their national frameworks. Key provisions include the establishment of special national organizations for plant protection, the organization of phytosanitary certification, and the development of phytosanitary measures. Additionally, contracting parties must commit to international cooperation by establishing regional organizations between concerned countries and creating the Commission on Phytosanitary Measures, a significant step in protecting plants and their products from pests.
5
Ahumada-Garcia, Roberto, Patricia Moller-Acuna, and Jose Antonio Reyes-Suarez. "An expert system for handling phytosanitary products in chilean export fruit." In 2017 CHILEAN Conference on Electrical, Electronics Engineering, Information and Communication Technologies (CHILECON). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/chilecon.2017.8229596.
Full text
6
Deleon, Ruben, Gabriel Vicente, Roberto Zoppolo, Alfredo Arnaud, and Matias Miguez. "LIDAR Based, Tree Row Volume Estimation for Phytosanitary Products Reduction in Fruit Trees Orchards." In 2020 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscas45731.2020.9181291.
Full text
7
Miguez, Matias, Ruben Deleon, Gabriel Vicente, and Roberto Zoppolo. "Real Time Tree Row Volume Estimation for Efficient Application of Phytosanitary Products in Fruit Trees." In 2019 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2019.8702561.
Full text
8
Мисриева, Б. "Обзор фауны мух тахин виноградных агроценозов Дагестана". У International Scientific Symposium "Plant Protection – Achievements and Prospects". Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/9789975347204.14.
Full textAbstract:
In the context of the intensive use of chemical plant protection products, the issue of ecologization is acute. The concept of environmental protection of grapes, as the most pesticidal crop, is based on the principles of managing the phytosanitary state of agrocenoses as a whole. At the same time, entomophages play a key role in the formation of a balanced self-regulating ecosystem. The development and application of the so-called biorational technologies with the predominant use of safe ecologically “soft” chemical plant protection products in the grape protection system is a prerequisite for activating a useful entomofauna. The targeted effect on the entomophage populations is based on phytosanitary monitoring, on their integration with pesticides. The article presents the results of many years of faunal studies of grape agrobiocenoses, reveals the most effective mechanisms for the regulation of dangerous bunching leaves and cotton scoops. Based on the original drawings, a morphological description of the most common species of tachy flies is given - Elodia tragica Mg., Pseudoperichaeta insidiosa, Tawnsendiellomyia nidicola.
9
Стратулат, Татьяна, Татьяна Щербакова, Штефан Кручан та Андрей Лунгу. "Пораженность листвы древесных насаждений города Кишинева комплексом гнилей летом 2021 года". У VIIth International Scientific Conference “Genetics, Physiology and Plant Breeding”. Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/gppb7.2021.92.
Full textAbstract:
To determine the complex of fungi that cause rot on the leaves and needles of tree species in the green spaces of Chisinau, foliage was collected in four sectors of the city. It was determined by microbio-logical methods that the complex of pathogens on the leaves differs little in different sectors. The main leaf rot fungi present on the affected leaves and needles are Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., Penicillium sp. For the treatment of the green spaces of Chisinau against diseases, it is advisable to carry out phytosanitary measures with biological products.
10
Dinu, Catalina Georgeta. "PUBLIC INTEREST IN ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH." In 9th SWS International Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES - ISCSS 2022. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscss.2022/s02.014.
Full textAbstract:
The granting of exemptions in 2022 in Romania for the use of three neonicotinoid pesticides, considered toxic pesticides, harmful to bees, is considered "the beginning of a systemic crisis for environmental health and food security in Europe and globally". That is precisely why neonicotinoid pesticides, have been completely banned from the outdoor environment by the European Commission for eight years, after the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) confirmed their harmful effect. This article also analyzes the provisions of art. 53 of the EC Regulation no. 1107/2009 regarding the market introduction of phytosanitary products and the repeal of Council Directives 79/117/EEC and 91/414/EEC, which allows a derogation from this prohibition. In this situation, the Member State in question immediately informs the other Member States and the Commission about the measure adopted, providing detailed information about the situation, and the competent administrative authority (for example, the national phytosanitary authority) exercises controls on the ground. However, we are wondering what are the limits of these exceptions, when does the public interest begin and what does it refer to. Does the public interest refer to the provision of food for the population in the context of the war in Ukraine and this year's drought, or to the provision of the protection of the population's health through consistent public health measures? Are these goals contradictory? We will try to answer these dilemmas or create new questions that should lead to our final objective, namely the respect of the following human rights: the right to health, the right to a healthy environment and the right to a decent standard of living (which can include the state food security).
Reports on the topic "Phytosanitary products"
1
Yamamoto, Yuya. Harmonization of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures for Greater Mekong Subregion Countries. Asian Development Bank, 2024. https://doi.org/10.22617/brf240586-2.
Full textAbstract:
Harmonizing Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) measures among Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) countries can help lower trade barriers and signal product quality to consumers, this brief shows. Pointing to rising trade between GMS countries and explaining the link between food security and global value chains, the brief shows how some exporters may initially be impacted by SPS measures due to adaptation costs. It recommends countries work to bring their domestic standards closer to international regulations and suggests they provide smaller exporters with trade finance and support to build capacity and drive economic growth.
2
Barrera, Victor, Alexis Villacis, Jeffrey Alwang, and Angélica Zapata. Open configuration options Are the Berries Ripe?: Export Potential for Ecuador's Blackberry Production. Inter-American Development Bank, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003959.
Full textAbstract:
Blackberry production has been common for decades in Ecuador''s inter-Andean valleys, but a fresh or processed export industry has not emerged despite export successes experienced in neighboring countries. This case study examines the potential for expansion of blackberry export market and identifies several key barriers: low volume of production for export, phytosanitary and other obstacles constraining production at scale, lack of support services from the public sector, and lack of an organizational presence for producers seeking alternative markets. While production of blackberry is relatively high, and markets and an export window exist, Ecuadors industry needs vision and leadership for a viable export industry to emerge.