Relevant bibliographies by topics / PI-original

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'PI-original'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "PI-original"

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Luu, Thi Thanh An, and John R. Baker. "Exploring Consumers’ Purchase Intention of rPET Bottle-Based Apparel in an Emerging Economy." Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 7, no. 1 (January 8, 2021): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7010022.

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This study investigated the applicability (generalizability) of utilizing a partial least squares (PLS) model previously posed to predict consumer purchase intention (PI) of recycled plastics-sourced apparel in a developed economy to predict PI in an emerging economy. To explore the original model’s generalizability, 495 Vietnam residents were surveyed via social media platforms (SMPs). Using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) path analysis, it was found that three factors significantly affect PI (quality, sustainability, safety), albeit not the same organization of factors found to be significant in the original model. Thus, it is argued that consumer PI in emerging economies may not be entirely congruent with that of developing economies. As prior research of consumer PI of apparel made from recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) (rPET) bottle fibers in emerging economies is limited, the results of this study, in support of open innovation, provide practical suggestions for marketers and a starting point for future investigations and discussions. The paper also discusses the findings’ relevancy to other contexts and poses suggestions for further study.
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Benelli, Luca. "Anmerkungen zu einigen Papyruskommentaren zu Pindar." Mnemosyne 66, no. 4-5 (2013): 616–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568525x-12341150.

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Abstract This article will discuss, in two separate parts, two different ancient commentaries on Pindar. The first, P. Berol. 13875, may be an abbreviated version of an original commentary of Didymos: the words πελε- / κυφ̣[ό]ρ̣αν ἵππον (P. Berol. 13875 ll. 9-10 = Pi. Fr. Dub. 339a M.) represent a fragment of Simonides, not of Pindar. The source of Schol. in Pi. N. 4.3/5 may be an abbreviated version of Theon’s commentary on Pindar. In the second part of the article, some passages of the P. Oxy. 2451 A Fr. 2, the second commentary, will be discussed. Pi. I. 3 and 4 are two different victory odes. Thematic similarities or repetitions of individual words between the end of a poem and beginning of the following poem can also be found in the corpus of other lyric poets, especially in Sappho. Only with the order of the manuscripts do the similarities and repetitions between the end of Pi. I. 3 and the beginning of Pi. I. 4 become clear: this may have been the intention of the original Alexandrian editors.
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Luu, Thi Thanh An, and John R. Baker. "Exploring Consumers’ Purchase Intention of rPET Bottle-Based Apparel in an Emerging Economy." Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 7, no. 1 (January 8, 2021): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7010022.

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This study investigated the applicability (generalizability) of utilizing a partial least squares (PLS) model previously posed to predict consumer purchase intention (PI) of recycled plastics-sourced apparel in a developed economy to predict PI in an emerging economy. To explore the original model’s generalizability, 495 Vietnam residents were surveyed via social media platforms (SMPs). Using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) path analysis, it was found that three factors significantly affect PI (quality, sustainability, safety), albeit not the same organization of factors found to be significant in the original model. Thus, it is argued that consumer PI in emerging economies may not be entirely congruent with that of developing economies. As prior research of consumer PI of apparel made from recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) (rPET) bottle fibers in emerging economies is limited, the results of this study, in support of open innovation, provide practical suggestions for marketers and a starting point for future investigations and discussions. The paper also discusses the findings’ relevancy to other contexts and poses suggestions for further study.
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Chavez, Dario J., Eileen A. Kabelka, and José X. Chaparro. "Screening of Cucurbita moschata Duchesne Germplasm for Crown Rot Resistance to Floridian Isolates of Phytophthora capsici Leonian." HortScience 46, no. 4 (April 2011): 536–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.46.4.536.

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Phytophthora capsici causes seedling death, crown and root rot, fruit rot, and foliar blight on squash and pumpkins (Cucurbita spp. L.). A total of 119 C. moschata accessions, from 39 geographic locations throughout the world, and a highly susceptible butternut squash cultivar, Butterbush, were inoculated with a suspension of three highly virulent P. capsici isolates from Florida to identify resistance to crown rot. Mean disease rating (DR) of the C. moschata collection ranged from 1.4 to 5 (0 to 5 scale with 0 resistant and 5 susceptible). Potential resistant and tolerant individuals were identified in the C. moschata collection. A set of 18 PIs from the original screen were rescreened for crown rot resistance. This rescreen produced similar results as the original screen (r = 0.55, P = 0.01). The accessions PI 176531, PI 458740, PI 442266, PI 442262, and PI 634693 were identified with lowest rates of crown infection with a mean DR less than 1.0 and/or individuals with DR = 0. Further selections from these accessions could be made to develop Cucurbita breeding lines and cultivars with resistance to crown rot caused by P. capsici.
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Isobe, Daishin, Noriyuki Hori, Shin Kawai, Keisuke Yagi, and Triet Nguyen-Van. "Digital Control of a Stepping Motor for Eliminating Rotation Speed Fluctuations Using Adaptive Gains." Electronics 10, no. 11 (June 2, 2021): 1335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10111335.

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Nowadays, stepping motors are usually used as precise actuators in various new scientific fields, such as syringe pumps, blood analyzers, and bio-3D printers. Controlling rotation of the stepping motor without speed fluctuation under no-load conditions plays an important role in improving the accuracy of the machine’s drive. This paper proposes a digital control method for a five-phase hybrid stepping motor. The proposed controller includes an original control loop and a PI adaptive integration gain control loop. The original digital control loop is redesigned from the analog controller by using the direct PIM method. The PI adaptive control loop is added to the original control loop in a parallel way to remove a steady deviation of the motor and suppress a physical saturation factor inside the plant. Lyapunov stability theory is used to prove a stability condition of the PI regulator gains. Experimental results show that the proposed controller can suppress the chattering caused by the switching structure and gives performances as good as that of the commercial analog controller in a high rotation speed range without fluctuation.
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Alam, S. M. M. "Preparation of Polyimide-Clay Nanocomposites and Their Performance." Journal of Scientific Research 1, no. 2 (April 23, 2009): 326–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v1i2.2297.

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A series of polyimide (PI)-organically modified clay nanocomposites were made to enhance tensile modulus, thermal stability of PI. PI was made from 3, 3', 4, 4'-biphenyl tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA), p-phenylediamine (PDA). Montmorillonite (MMT), one type of layered clay, was treated by dodecylamine salt. XRD indicated that organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) layers were exfoliated and dispersed into PI-film. Tensile measurements indicated that small amount of OMMT (up to 3%) increased tensile modulus nicely. The glass transition temperatures (Tg) of the nano-composites are higher than those of pristine PI. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that nanocomposites have higher decomposition temperatures in comparison with the original PI. Keywords: Polyimide; Organically modified clay; Nanocomposites; Dodecylamine. © 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i2.2297
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Felix Stephen, S., and Dr I. Jacob Raglend. "Voltage Regulation Using STATCOM with PI and Adaptive PI Controls." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.1 (August 4, 2018): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.1.17082.

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In power systems, voltage instability problems occur due to its continuous demand in heavily loaded networks. So it is essential to stabilize the voltage levels in power systems. The stabilization of power systems can be improved by Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices. One of the FACTS devices named Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) injects the compensating current in phase quadrature with line voltage and replicate as inductive reactance to produce capacitive power for the AC grid or as capacitive reactance to draw inductive power from the AC grid for controlling power flow in the line. This paper proposes Adaptive PI control over conventional PI that normally self-adjusts the controller gains under disturbances and helps in improving the performance and attaining a preferred response, irrespective of the change of working conditions. The work is implemented under MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. This method performs more efficient than the original PI with fixed control gains and also improves the system response speed consistently.
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Widrick, Jeffrey J. "Effect of Pi on unloaded shortening velocity of slow and fast mammalian muscle fibers." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 282, no. 4 (April 1, 2002): C647—C653. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00186.2001.

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Chemically skinned muscle fibers, prepared from the rat medial gastrocnemius and soleus, were subjected to four sequential slack tests in Ca2+-activating solutions containing 0, 15, 30, and 0 mM added Pi. Pi (15 and 30 mM) had no effect on the unloaded shortening velocity ( V o) of fibers expressing type IIb myosin heavy chain (MHC). For fibers expressing type I MHC, 15 mM Pi did not alter V o, whereas 30 mM Pireduced V o to 81 ± 1% of the original 0 mM Pi value. This effect was readily reversible when Pi was lowered back to 0 mM. These results are not compatible with current cross-bridge models, developed exclusively from data obtained from fast fibers, in which V o is independent of Pi. The response of the type I fibers at 30 mM Pi is most likely the result of increased internal drag opposing fiber shortening resulting from fiber type-specific effects of Pi on cross bridges, the thin filament, or the rate-limiting step of the cross-bridge cycle.
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DRAGOS, JONATHON, and CHENGQING WU. "A NEW APPROACH TO DERIVE NORMALIZED PRESSURE IMPULSE CURVES FOR ELASTIC MEMBERS." Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami 07, no. 03 (September 2013): 1350016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793431113500164.

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A pressure impulse (PI) diagram is a useful preliminary design tool for structural members against blasts. An extensive amount of investigation has been undertaken to generalize PI curves, using single degree of freedom (SDOF) theory, for elastic structural members. In this study, a new original approach also using SDOF theory, relying on the concept of effective pulse shape, is presented for determining a PI curve for any elastic member. The advantage of this approach is that it can be applied to any given type of blast load. The techniques and equations involved in this approach are outlined. Then, to assess the accuracy of this approach, elastic normalized PI curves generated using the new approach are compared against those obtained using the traditional methods. Finally, this approach is compared against other simplified techniques for determining elastic normalized PI curves.
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Wang, Da Ming, Xiao Gang Zhao, He Jia, Xiao Hui Yu, Qing Ming Li, Li Na Wang, Hong Wei Zhou, Guo Dong Dang, and Chun Hai Chen. "Toughening of Thermosetting Resins with Thermoplastic Polyimide: Thermal, Morphological, and Mechanical Characterization." Advanced Materials Research 150-151 (October 2010): 1330–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.150-151.1330.

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Synthesize a thermoplastic polyimide (TP-PI) by 4, 4’-Bisphenol A dianhydride (BPADA) and 4, 4’-diaminodiphenyl ether(ODA) to toughen thermosetting polyimide(TS-PI) of BPADA and 3-aminophenylacetylene (APA) system. Improve the toughness of matrix resin by control morphology of blends. The results show that the system has been phase separation, TP-PI as a continuous phase, blends is part miscibility or immiscibility. Compose materials anysis show that the adhesion of resin and fiber have been improved, toughness of resin-based composite materials has been improved at the same time without sacrificing original thermal properties and modulus.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "PI-original"

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Sunnegårdh, Johan. "Iterative Enhancement of Non-Exact Reconstruction in Cone Beam CT." Thesis, Computer Vision, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2577.

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Contemporary algorithms employed for reconstruction of 3D volumes from helical cone beam projections are so called non-exact algorithms. This means that the reconstructed volumes will contain artifacts irrespective of the detector resolution and number of projections angles employed in the process.

It has been proposed that these artifacts can be suppressed using an iterative scheme which comprises computation of projections from the already reconstructed volume as well as the non-exact reconstruction itself.

The purpose of the present work is to examine if the iterative scheme can be applied to the non-exact reconstruction method PI-original in order to improve the reconstruction result. An important part in this implementation is a careful design of the projection operator, as a poorly designed projection operator may result in aliasing and/or other artifacts in the reconstruction result. Since the projection data is truncated, special care must be taken along the boundaries of the detector. Three different ways of handling this interpolation problem is proposed and examined.

The results show that artifacts caused by the PI-original method can indeed be reduced by the iterative scheme. However, each iteration requires at least three times more processing time than the initial reconstruction, which may call for certain compromises, smartness and/or parallelization in the innermost loops. Furthermore, at higher cone angles certain types of artifacts seem to grow by each iteration instead of being suppressed.

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Johansen, Kerstin. "Collaborative Product Introduction within Extended Enterprises." Doctoral thesis, Linköping : Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Univ, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-7668.

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Duarte, Cristiane Delfina Santos 1981. "A mulher original : produção de sentidos sobre a arqueóloga Niéde Guidon." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/271103.

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Orientador: Celso Luiz Figueiredo Bodstein
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem e Laboratório de Estudos Avançados em Jornalismo
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T09:24:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Duarte_CristianeDelfinaSantos_M.pdf: 52168426 bytes, checksum: 9696051ddf4abd8b9ea024d046b5b080 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015
Resumo: O presente trabalho busca a construção, em audiovisual e em texto, do perfil da arqueóloga Niéde Guidon, pesquisadora premiada e condecorada internacionalmente. Atualmente com 82 anos, Niéde é neta de franceses e de um casal de militar brasileiro com índia Kaingang. Ela tem sido uma forte atuante em pesquisas e ações sociais na região do sudeste do Piauí desde 1973, quando visitou pela primeira vez sítios arqueológicos de pinturas rupestres encontrados por moradores da área, que a levaram, então, à formação da primeira missão Franco-Brasileira de pesquisas e, posteriormente, do Parque Nacional Serra da Capivara e da Fundação Museu do Homem Americano. Com a captação em vídeo de mais de dez horas de entrevistas diretas com a pesquisadora e mais de 40 horas de material audiovisual, entre imagens e entrevistas com pessoas envolvidas em sua vida, seu trabalho e na construção do Parque Nacional Serra da Capivara, apresenta-se aqui um perfil de Niéde, administrando sua expressão pública controversa e tratando também dos sentidos produzidos na entrevistadora/documentarista; frutos deste processo sem o vínculo direto com a verdade e com maior interesse na manipulação estética dos sentidos e memórias. As entrevistas são organizadas e comentadas em paralelo à polifonias de autores e participantes da vida da pesquisadora e funcionam como disparadores de reflexões sobre História, Política, Autoria e temas que perpassam os diálogos e as relações estabelecidas no processo de produção do documentário "A Mulher Original"
Abstract: This paper builds, with audiovisual and text, a profile of Niéde Guidon, an eighty two years old Brazilian archaeologist, granddaughter of french immigrants and a couple of a Brazilian army officer and a Kaingang native. After building a strong career in research in France, in 1973 Guidon first visited archaeological sites of rock paintings in the southeastern region of Piauí¿Brazil, found by residents of the area, which led her to the organization of the first French¿Brazilian mission research, and later to the foundation of the National Park Serra da Capivara, the Museum of the American Man Foundation and a path of many social works around the park.?With over ten hours of direct interviews with the researcher, captured on video, and 40 hours of images and interviews with people involved in her life, her work and the construction of the National Park Serra da Capivara; also with citations of interviews conducted by different authors and institutions in recent years, I introduce a character profile and her public controversy image, dealing with the feelings and impressions developed on me as interviewer/documentarist, without the direct link with the truth and facts, but higher interest on handling aesthetic senses and memories of the process itself. Inspired by essays and literary journalism, the interviews will be arranged and discussed in parallel to the polyphony from various authors and participants in the life of the researcher. The Original Woman intends to trigger thoughts on history, politics, authorship and themes that pervade the dialogues and the relationships established in the process of documentary production and construction of this text; assuming an establishment of exchanges and interactions between interviewer and interviewees, and also discussing the documentary production process
Mestrado
Divulgação Científica e Cultural
Mestra em Divulgação Científica e Cultural
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Liu, Hui-Wen, and 劉惠文. "HUI-WEN LIU NEW MUSIC THEATRE COMPOSITION RECITAL ORIGINAL COMPOSITIONS WITH COMMENTARY OF “PI”." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47vgn8.

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碩士
國立交通大學
音樂研究所
107
This thesis is the supplementary document of the new music theatre composition “Pi”，which is divided into two parts. The first part is the textual explanation of the creative idea, material and paragraph design, and the second part is the original music score containing "Pi". Pi is a new music theatre work for pipa with voice and live electronics，and is inspired from Reincarnation of Tibetan Buddhism, which is similar to a circle phenomenon. Every point of the cycle is the beginning as same as the end. In other words, there is no beginning and no end in a circle. According to the circle as the basic concept, this composition uses infinite non-cyclic decimal circumference Pi (3.1415926...) as the pitch materials, which form a "ten-tone series" for the melodic and rhythm organization in all parts of this composition. At the same time, a Pi's Chinese homophonic poem is quoted as compositional structure and musical drama: shan/mountain/3,dian/top/.,yi/one/1,si/temple/4,yi/one/1,hu/kettle/5, jiu/Wine/9,er/two/2,liu/willow/6,wu/dance/5,shan/fan/3,wu/dance/5…… This Chinese poem expresses wavering people in the temptation of the secular world and the positive struggle against negative power, as well as the abandonment of merits, fame and wealth, leaving the personal evaluation to the world in the end. The thesis is divided into four chapters: the first chapter is the preface; the second chapter presents the background and ideas of this composition and introduces some related repertoires；the third chapter is the explanation and analysis of music structure, stage design and live electronics; the last chapter is the conclusion of thesis.
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Books on the topic "PI-original"

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Upton, Ethan J. Raspberry Pi : Project Ideas Book: Discover a New World of Possibilities to Build and Develop Original Projects and Programs. Independently Published, 2019.

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Antonio, Jackson. I Love Pi Funny Math Geek: Ruled Blank 6x9 Cute Notebook, Original Appreciation Gag Gift for Graduation, College, High School, Congratulations Funny Journal for Your Favorite Graduate, Students. Independently Published, 2020.

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Book chapters on the topic "PI-original"

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Kennel, Charles F. "Triggered Substorms." In Convection and Substorms. Oxford University Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195085297.003.0018.

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Do events in the solar wind “trigger” substorms, or do substorms occur independently? Is there a difference between triggered and untriggered substorms? What kinds of events trigger onsets? Expansions? Can we learn about their physics from the things that do and do not trigger them? Does the switch from expansion to recovery phase require external prompting? Even if it is not required, can the recovery be prompted anyway? If conditions in the solar wind are steady, can we still have substorms? In this chapter, we review studies that have addressed questions like these. “Pseudoexpansions” resemble the first several minutes of development of the dipolarization and westward surge, but later fail to sustain an expanding current wedge or auroral bulge (Section 15.2). They may be triggered by minor dayside reconnection events that occur before the threshold condition for the full substorm is reached. Interplanetary shocks can trigger a substorm within minutes of their arrival at earth, provided they are sufficiently strong and a growth phase is already in progress (Section 15.3). Other compressional solar wind discontinuities also can trigger substorms, but rarefactions cannot. Northward turnings of the interplanetary field can also trigger substorms after a growth phase has already started (Section 15.4). During intervals of steady southward interplanetary field, either quasisteady convection bays or quasiperiodically recurring substorms can occur (Section 15.5). An inkling of pseudoexpansion behavior has been around since before the auroral substorm existed (Elvey, 1957), and in his original paper Akasofu (1964) not only had taken them into account but suggested that they occur on other than the most equatorward arc. Later, Davis and Hallinan (1976) and Untiedt et al. (1978) pointed out that pseudoexpansions are brief activations of local small-scale auroral spirals to the ground observer. Now it appears that pseudoexpansions are attenuated versions of complete expansions in several important respects: brightening of an auroral arc, Pi 2 pulsation bursts, and enhancements of the auroral electrojet, (McPherron, 1991). In this section, we show the auroral pseudoexpansion has a counterpart in geostationary orbit, and present evidence that both may be responses to variations in the dayside reconnection rate.
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Conference papers on the topic "PI-original"

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Wang, Minglei, Liguo Wang, Xinrui Chang, and Xiangyu Wang. "An Original Self-Turning PI Controller for STATCOM in Wind Farm with Voltage Fluctuation Based on IABC Algorithm." In 2019 IEEE 10th International Symposium on Power Electronics for Distributed Generation Systems (PEDG). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pedg.2019.8807658.

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Zhang, Jun, Emmanuelle Merced, Nelson Sepúlveda, and Xiaobo Tan. "Optimal Compression of a Generalized Prandtl-Ishlinskii Operator in Hysteresis Modeling." In ASME 2013 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2013-3969.

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The Prandtl-Ishlinskii (PI) model is a popular hysteresis model that has been widely applied in smart materials-based systems. Recently, a generalized PI model is formulated that is capable of characterizing asymmetric, saturated hysteresis. The fidelity of the model hinges on accurate representation of envelope functions, play operator radii, and corresponding weights. For a given number of play operators, existing work has typically adopted some predefined play radii, the performance of which could be far from optimal. In this paper, novel schemes based on entropy and relative entropy (Kullback-Leibler divergence) for optimal compression of a generalized PI model are proposed to best represent the original hysteresis model subject to a given complexity constraint, i.e., the number of play operators. The overall compression performance is expressed as a cost function, and is optimized using dynamic programming. The proposed compression schemes are applied to the modeling of the asymmetric hysteresis between resistance and temperature of a vanadium dioxide (VO2) film, and the effectiveness is further demonstrated in a model verification experiment. In particular, under the same complexity constraint, an entropy-based compression scheme and a Kullback-Leibler divergence-based compression scheme result in modeling errors around 37% and 48%, respectively, of that under a uniform compression scheme.
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Han, Jeahyeong, Daniel Joe, Rich I. Masel, and Mark A. Shannon. "AFM Verification of CFn Surface Treatment Effect and Its Correlation to Stiction Reduction in Microvalves." In ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49842.

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The purpose of this paper is to show AFM verification of adhesion reduction between valve seat/membrane interfaces by surface coatings from a C4F8/Ar plasma in an ICP DRIE. Our check valves utilize a polyimide (PI, Polyimide 5878G, HD Microsystem) membrane on a Si/SiO2 valve seat. These valves form a seal between a polished Si/SiO2 substrate and a smooth polymer membrane. PI absorbs moisture up to 3.4% wt per volume, and the SiO2 surface also has an affinity to water. The smooth PI membrane touches the SiO2 surface, giving rise to relatively strong van der Waals adhesion. Under humid conditions, hydrogen-bonded stiction can occur at the interface between the PI and SiO2 during the drying step. The C4F8/Ar plasma coating is utilized for the actual device in order to lower the interface adhesion between Si/SiO2 and PI film. The opening pressures of devices with/without CFn film are measured. The valves without non-stiction coating did not open with inlet pressures up to 210 KPa. With a non-stiction coating, the valves showed an initial opening pressure of 32.5±11 KPa. AFM pull-off measurements using nano-sized tips and micro sized tips are performed to quantify the effect of the CFn film-treated surface between solid-solid surface pairs. The original surface pair for the microvalve membrane and seat surface is Si/SiO2 and PI film. The CFn film treatment is possible on one or both sides of the surfaces. AFM pull-off testing has been performed to measure the work of adhesion between four possible surface combinations, including SiO2/PI, CFn/PI, CFn/SiO2, and CFn/CFn. The work of adhesion of the surface pairs is obtained using the Johnson-Kendall-Roberts (JKR) theory. Two types of AFM probes were used, a regular nano-sized AFM probe and a one micron particle AFM probe. The work of adhesions obtained for the pairs above are 257.6±37.1, 59.4±29.2, 89.6±18.2, and 41.0±8.2 [mJ/m2] from regular tips, and 159.48±4.0, 41.9±2.0, 65.7±12.2, and 37.4±3.7 [mJ/m2] from the particle tips. The CFn film treatment reduced the adhesion energy up to 84% for the regular AFM tip results, and up to 76.7% from the particle AFM tip results. The static contact angle of CFn film with respect to de-ionized water is 116.4 ± 0.9°. The surface coatings from a C4F8/Ar plasma in an ICP DRIE can reduce the contact adhesion forces and capillary forces during the fabrication process preventing stiction.
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Beukenberg, Markus, Michael Brodmann, Hans Weibel, Detlef Mu¨ller, and Alexander Schwarzin. "Design of Reduced Order State Space Controllers With Adaptive Limiting Functions for Industrial Twin Shaft Gas Turbines." In ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2006-90496.

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The designs of model-based state space controllers for industrial twin shaft gas turbines, presented at last year’s conference [1], were enhanced by a limiting function for selected state variables. In order to avoid the disadvantages of common controller concepts involving abrupt structural changes, the limitation was realised by a parameter-variant state space controller. To reduce the sensitivity of the full state space controller to parameter changes, a reduced order controller was developed, taking into account only the dominant state variables of the system. As in previously presented designs, a PI state space controller was designed for the reduced system using the pole placement method. Subsequently, this reduced controller was adapted to the original nonlinear system. With appropriate pole placements for the reduced order state space controller, a high quality of control, comparable to the behaviour of a full state space controller, can be obtained. The resulting controller also shows a reduced sensitivity to variations of the feedback parameters. The intended state variable limitation of the original nonlinear system to defined thresholds has been achieved by applying floating functions between different controller parameter sets.
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Huai, Zhouyu, Ming Zhang, Yu Zhu, Anlin Chen, Xin Li, and Leijie Wang. "Neural Network Inverse Based Omnidirectional Rotation Decoupling Control to the Electrodynamic Reaction Sphere." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11129.

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Abstract The electrodynamic reaction sphere is a novel actuator for the spacecraft attitude control subsystem. This paper proposes a neural network inverse based decoupling control scheme to actualize the omnidirectional rotation of the electrodynamic reaction sphere which has strong multivariable nonlinear coupling features due to the induction-based drive. And an integrated electromagnetic torque model of the reaction sphere is firstly derived from the electromagnetic field analysis and modified with the finite element analysis method. Then based on the integrated torque model, a back propagation feedforward neural network is constructed and trained to approach the inverse dynamics which transforms the original system into a pseudo-linear system. Furthermore, an additional PI controller is introduced to achieve good control performance against the unmodelled dynamics. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by simulations.
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6

Mukhtar, Moeed, George T. C. Chiu, Gioia Massa, and Cary A. Mitchell. "Modeling and Control of the pH Neutralization Process for a Recirculating Hydroponic Growth Chamber." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-14198.

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In this paper, a pH control system for an experimental recirculating hydroponic growth chamber for the NASA Mars exploration program has been modeled and implemented. The resulting model has a bilinear Weiner type structure. A novel approximation approach is presented to obtain a simplified plant model controller design. Perturbation analysis validates the applicability of the approximation for the specific pH control of a closed-loop hydroponic growth chamber. A modified PI controller that takes into account on-off nature of the solenoid valve actuator was designed to control the pH level. The closed-loop system is shown to be BIBO stable with respect to the original bilinear plant model. Experimental results for reference tracking and disturbance rejection in an operational hydroponic chamber with growing plants have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
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7

Du Bois, Andre, and Rodrigo Ribeiro. "Combining Effects in a Music Programming Language based on Patterns." In Simpósio Brasileiro de Computação Musical. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbcm.2019.10430.

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HMusic is a domain specific language based on music patterns that can be used to write music and live coding. The main abstractions provided by the language are patterns and tracks. Code written in HMusic looks like patterns and multi-tracks available in music sequencers, drum machines and DAWs. HMusic provides primitives to design and combine patterns generating new patterns. The objective of this paper is to extend the original design of HMusic to allow effects on tracks. We describe new abstractions to add effects on individual tracks and in groups of tracks, and how they influence the combinators for track composition and multiplication. HMusic allows the live coding of music and, as it is embedded in the Haskell functional programming language, programmers can write functions to manipulate effects on the fly. The current implementation of the language is compiled into Sonic Pi [1], and we describe how the compiler’s back-end was modified to support the new abstractions for effects. HMusic can be and can be downloaded from [2].
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Kato, Tomonori, Kazuki Sakuragi, Mingzhao Cheng, Ryo Kakiyama, Yuta Matsunaga, and Manabu Ono. "Development of Miniaturized Rubber Muscle Actuator Driven by Gas-Liquid Phase Change." In BATH/ASME 2016 Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fpmc2016-1702.

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The goal of this study is to develop a miniaturized artificial muscle in which a tiny compressor can be installed. Pneumatic actuators, such as pneumatic artificial rubber muscles (PARMs), have been widely used in many industrial and robotic research applications because they are compact and lightweight. However, the compressors driving such actuators are relatively large. To solve this problem, the authors have been researching soft actuators driven by gas-liquid phase changes (GLPCs). In this study, a fixed chamber containing a constantan heater and fluorocarbon was used to generate pressure instead of a compressor. The pressure generation caused by the GLPC was confirmed, and a PARM contraction experiment was then conducted. Additionally, a PI control system was built to test the step and frequency responses of the actuator. A frequency response of up to 4.0 Hz was determined, and the corner frequency was found to be approximately 1.5 Hz. The size of the actuator was reduced by removing the chamber and installing the heater in the rubber muscle. A PARM driving experiment was conducted, and the performance of the PARM was evaluated. The miniaturized actuator consumes less power than the original actuator.
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Jiang, Zhen, Xi Wang, Huairong Chen, and Yunlai Wang. "Design of Speed Closed-Loop Control With Variable Pressure Difference Valve for Aero Engine." In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-14737.

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Abstract Focusing on the advantages of simple structure, quick response and good static performance when fuel system using variable pressure difference valve (VPDV) and the development trend to full authority digital engine control (FADEC) of modern engine, this paper aims to propose a design method of digital speed closed-loop control system based on fuel metering unit (FMU) using VPDV. Firstly, the working principle of a real engine with VPDV is introduced, and the nonlinear AMESim model of the system is established. Secondly, the static analysis of VPDV and metering valve is carried out, and the principle of speed closed-loop control of the hydraulic mechanical system is revealed. Therefore, we built the structure of digital speed control circuit with VPDV. Thirdly, a PI controller is designed for the model augmented by the engine and VPDV, and the parameters of the controller are optimized by the differential evolution (DE) algorithm. Moreover, the controller of gain scheduling is applied to the engine nonlinear model simulation platform. Simulation results illustrated that the designed digital speed closed-loop control can realize the function of speed regulation, and has the advantages of good servo performance and strong stability in comparison with the original hydraulic mechanical control system.
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Ersdel, E., M. Andersson, and S. Rosen. "DETERMINATION OF SOLUBLE FIBRIN IN PLASMA WITH A CHR0M0GENIC KIT METHOD UTILIZING THE HIGH AFFINITY PLASMIN SUBSTRATE S-2390." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643058.

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A sensitive and quantitative assay of soluble fibrin is of clinically diagnostic relevance in an early thrombotic state where there is a risk for development of DIC. Recently Wiman and Ranby (Thromb. Haemostas 55, 189-193 (1986)) published a spectro-photometric assay which met these criterions. The single-stage assay procedure is based upon activation of Glu-Plasminogen to Plasmin by t-PA in the presence of soluble fibrin and hydrolysis of the chromogenic plasmin substrate S-2390, H-D-Val-Phe-Lys-pNA, which has a high affinity for plasmin. The rate of plasmin generation is correlated to the amount of soluble fibrin monomers present in the sample.A complete kit containing optimized, stable reagents has now been developed which allows a quantitative determination of soluble fibrin in the range 30-200 nmol/1 within 30 min. at room temperature (20-25°C). The assay procedure is straightforward involving addition of 200 pi diluted plasma sample to 200 pi Glu-Plasminogen and 100 ul of a t-PA/S-2390-reagent.The results show a high resolution of the standard curve as illustrated by a AA405 amounting to about one absorbance unit between a 200 nmol/1 sample of soluble fibrin and the reagent blank, some variation, ±0.1 absorbance unit, being caused mainly by differences in temperature. In combination with an intra-assay variation coefficient = 6.3% and 5.0% at 150 and 50 nmol/1, respectively, this will allow safe and reliable differentiation of pathological levels of soluble fibrin from levels found in healthy subjects (below 10 nmol/1). A similar precision is also obtained when the assay is performed in microplates.In the original procedure fresh frozen human plasma was utilized as a dilution medium for soluble fibrin. Comparisons with carefully collected bovine plasma proved this source to be a convenient substitute. Furthermore, lyophilization of the bovine plasma did not produce any significant degradation of fibrinogen which otherwise might interfere in the assay. This simple kit procedure should make it a suitable tool in early determinations of soluble fibrin in a number of pathological states which may result in severe haemostatic disturbances.
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