Academic literature on the topic 'Pidgin-English (langue) Pidgin-English (langue) Pidgins (langues)'

Ce travail analyse le pidgin des domestiques singhalaises qui travaillent au Liban, et essaie d'en tirer quelques hypothèses sur les facteurs déterminants dans la construction des langues de contact. Le premier chapitre expose les contextes sociologique et linguistique de ce contact entre un groupe de femmes domestiques et des employeurs arabophones au Liban, ainsi que le corpus sur lequel l'analyse s'est appuyée. Le second chapitre présente une esquisse descriptive des deux langues en contact, l'arabe libanais et le singhalais oral, sur les plans phonologique et morphosyntaxique. Le troisième chapitre décrit d'abord (chapitre III. A) les traits caractéristiques du pidgin. Les principales caractéristiques phonologiques sont recensées. Le lexique et la morphosyntaxe de ce pidgin, présentent des caractéristiques plus particulières : parallèlement au mécanisme classique d'interférence avec le substrat, un phénomène que nous avons appelé " mimétisme " commande la formation du pidgin. Ce " mimétisme " consiste à reproduire les fragments les plus souvent entendus de la langue lexifiante, en assimilant leur désinence désémantisée comme une partie intégrante du fragment. Enfin (chapitre III. B), nous avons tenté de situer le pidgin arabe des domestiques singhalaises sur le continuum des langues de contact, comme un cas particulier où l'on peut observer effacement de la norme dans un contact où il n'y a qu'un seul substrat. Une bibliographie thématique est proposée. Des extraits du corpus sont présentés en annexe avec une étude détaillée. Un Cd-rom accompagne la thèse<br>This study analyses the pidgin spoken by the Sinhalese female domestic workers in Lebanon, whereof it derives certain hypotheses regarding the determining factors in the process through which contact languages are formed. The first chapter presents the sociological and the linguistic context of this contact between a group of Sinhala speaking female domestic workers and Lebanese Arabic speaking employers, as well as the “corpus” on which the study is based. The second chapter sketches a description of the two languages that are in contact, Lebanese Arabic and spoken Sinhalese, on both the phonological and morphosyntactical levels. The third chapter described first (chapter III. A) the characteristic features of the pidgin. The main phonological characteristics are listed. The lexical and in morphosyntactical structures present the most peculiar aspects of this of this pidgin: in parallel to the classic mechanism of interference from the substrate, a phenomenon that we called “mimetism” commands the formation of the pidgin. This “mimetism” consists in reproducing the most frequently heard fragments of the lexifying language, assimilating their inflexional endings, deprived of their significance, as an integral part of the fragment. Finally, we tried (chapter III. B) to situate the Arabic Pidgin of the Sinhalese domestic workers on the continuum of contact languages as a special case where we can observe the withdrawal of the norm in a contact where only one substrate is implied. A thematical bibliography is proposed. Some extracts of the corpus are presented in annex with a detailed study. A CD-Rom is also included in the thesis

Cette these traitement sociolinguistique et description linguistique est une etude du pidgin english camerounais, en abrege p. E. C, qui est une langue parlee principalement dans les provinces occidentales, du littoral et du centre du cameroun. Le pidgin english camerounais souffre d'une image devalorisee comme le terme << pidgin >> l'indique car il est percu comme une langue de communication elementaire. Notre propos est de montrer que le pidgin english camerounais est une langue a part entiere ne meritant pas son statut sociolinguistique pejore. Car elle est en train d'acquerir outre ses fonctions premieres, les autres fonctions d'une langue de grande communication. Dans la premiere partie la these est une etude sociolinguistique de cette langue camerounaise. Elle fait appel a des concepts et theories divers pour tenter de resoudre sa complexite derriere l'apparente simplicite qu'on attache d'ordinaire a la notion meme de << pidgin >>. Nous proposons le concept de << bilingualite >> qui est une relation entre le psychologique et le sociologique c'est a dire entre les rapports sociaux manifestes par les usages de la langue et les attitudes psychologiques ou l'image mentale des sujets parlants devant leur langue. La these montre que les attitudes des sujets sont plus contrastees mais elles sont beaucoup plus positives qu'on ne le pense en general. Nous avons etudie les attitudes << psychosociologiques >>, concept dela << bilingualite >> a travers une enquete menee a la fois au cameroun et dans les milieux camerounais de lyon. La deuxieme partie est une description phonologique, grammaticale et lexicale du pidgin english camerounais. Il a un systeme stable derriere ses apparentes variations. Phonologiquement ce dernier fonctionne avec 43 phonemes. On assiste ainsi a l'emergence d'un systeme tonal. En grammaire, la phrase repose sur un fonctionnement syntaxique relativement stable et contraignant. Apres avoir mis en exergue un systeme nominal relativement stabilise, nous etudions le verbe qui repose sur un systeme de marqueurs verbaux pour lesquels nous proposons le terme d' << adpredicat. L'etude lexicale met en evidence le role respectif des rapports anglais et africains ainsi que leurs interferences.

Nigerian Pidgin English is widely spoken in different parts of the country and “has been called the native language of a substantial population of people in the Niger Delta, particularly in the Sapele and Warri areas” (Igboanusi, 2008: 68). According to Balogun (2012: 90), “Nigerian Pidgin English has emerged as the most widely spoken language of inter and intra communication among Nigerians and across diverse ethnic groups that do not share a common language”. The language plays a major role in youth culture and most Nigerians speak the language. There is a general belief by some Nigerians that Nigerian Pidgin English is a colloquial form of English that is mostly spoken by those whose Standard English proficiency has not fully developed (Agheyisi, 1971:30). The government has continued to ignore it “despite the fact that Nigerian Pidgin is in most respects the most logical choice for a national language [and] official attitudes towards Nigerian Pidgin remain negative, perpetuating erroneous notions inherited from the colonial period that Nigerian Pidgin is some form of ‘broken English’” (Faraclas 1996: 18). Also, the general attitudes held by Nigerians regarding the language can be described as ambivalent with majority leaning towards the negative attitude more. This project investigated if the Nigerians who find themselves in a different geographical space like Cape Town still hold negative attitudes towards Pidgin English and whether they abstained from speaking the language or speak it freely. The study also sought to establish if those who may have held negative attitudes towards Nigerian Pidgin English while in Nigeria now hold a different attitude since being in Cape Town. The study employed both quantitative and qualitative methods in form of online questionnaires and semi structured interviews involving 38 participants to investigate the uses of and attitudes towards Nigerian Pidgin English. The findings revealed that the attitudes towards Nigerian Pidgin English do not show significant difference from that held by Nigerians within Nigeria. The participants in this study held negative attitudes towards Nigerian Pidgin English in formal domains and positive attitudes towards the language in informal domains. These same attitudes were obtainable among Nigerians living in Nigeria. The data analysis revealed that the Nigerians in this study use the language in their daily activities for different purposes. The hegemonic perspective on Pidgins being an informal language that can serve only informal purposes was also present among some of the Nigerians that formed part of this study. Although some thought that the language can go beyond informal domains, the majority thought otherwise. All the participants use Nigerian Pidgin English mainly to communicate with their friends, family members and other Nigerians they encounter despite living far away from home where other languages exist. Also, the analysis revealed that all the participants considered the language to be an important aspect of their Nigerian identity and togetherness in the diaspora. This indicates a significant difference between those in the diaspora and those in Nigeria, because those in the diaspora appreciate and think there is a greater need for Nigerian Pidgin English outside the country. The data suggested that the reason for this shift in attitude is because speaking the language bridges the gap between home and abroad.

This research is located within media studies and draws on the Cultural Studies approach. It is an audience study, which uses the mixed methods of focus group discussions and an online survey to examine the importance of the use of Nigerian Pidgin as a broadcast language in investigating the rising popularity of Pidgin English radio in a multi-ethnic and multi-lingual Nigeria. The study focuses on Wazobia FM, a radio station in Lagos, and the first pidgin station in Nigeria. It seeks to determine whether the station’s audience engaged with the station’s programming based on its prioritisation of NigP and the linguistic identity it offers them. The study foregrounds the marginalised status of NigP within the politics of language in Nigeria. It traces the language’s evolution through popular and oppositional expressions in broadcasting and in music. It also seeks to establish the place of Pidgin English within the role that language plays in the formation of the Nigerian identity. This study thus adopts the ‘emic’ perspective, which underpins qualitative methodology, and views social life in terms of processes as opposed to static terms. The theoretical framework of this research revolves around culture, language and identity. Pertinent concepts in post-colonial studies, together with conceptual frameworks in Cultural Studies, such as popular culture, representation, hegemony and counter-culture have been used to make sense of the popularity of NigP radio stations.

<p>The aim of this essay is to point out how Chinua Achebe uses different features of Igbo and Nigerian Pidgin English (NPE) in four of his novels. Firstly, there will be an explanation of the terms code switching and proverb, followed by an overview of Pidgin Languages and Nigerian Pidgin English. This study will then deal with two aspects of code-switching in Achebe’s novels: semantic, which includes intertwined Igbo vocabulary and proverbs; and syntactic, which is a study of Nigerian Pidgin English verb phrase constructions. The study will examine how the Igbo lexicon and proverbs function in the text and if/how it is possible to understand the meaning of the Igbo vocabulary. Further, it will examine how the verb constructions of the NPE dialogues are used and if they follow the norm set up by other linguists, or if Achebe alters their usage according to his own style.</p>

Pidginspråk är kontaktspråk som uppstår under ansträngda sociolingvistiska förhållanden. De anses vara de mest reducerade språkliga system som ändå möjliggör en lyckad kommunikationinom ett specifikt socialt sammanhang. Det saknas idag forskning som undersöker hur pidginspråk bildar sina språkliga system. Den aktuella studien ska vara ett steg mot mer kunskap inom området och ämnar analysera hur pidginspråk bildar sina personliga pronomenparadigm. Förekomsten av nio olika grammatiska drag har kartlagts hos 18 pidginspråk, deras lexifierare och viktigaste substratspråk. Uppgifterna hämtades genom litteratursökningar och sammanställdes i tabeller i datorprogrammet Excel. Resultatet visar att samtliga undersökta drag förekommer bland pidginspråken men med varierande frekvens. Uppgifterna indikerar att substratspråken har en framträdande roll i processen när pidginspråken bildar sina personliga pronomenparadigm.<br>Pidgins are contact languages that emerge under strained sociolinguistic circumstances. They are seen as the most reduced linguistic system that can still enable successful communication in a specific social context. To this date there is a lack of research investigating how pidgins form their linguistic systems. The present study is intended to be a step towards extended knowledge within the field and aims to investigate how pidgins form their personal pronoun paradigms. The occurrence of nine different grammatical features in 18 pidgins, their lexifiers and most important substrates has been surveyed. The data was collected through literature search and compiled in tables in the computer program Excel. The results show that all surveyed features occur among the pidgins but the frequencies vary. The data indicates that the substrates have a prominent role in the process of pidgins forming their personal pronoun paradigms.

<p>In this study, titled Learning in a language that isn't one's own - the case of Jamaica, our intention is to give a picture of what the language situation in Jamaica is like. English is the official language in Jamaica, but it is coexisting with Jamacian Creole, which is not admitted as a official language, but it is the language of the people. In this study we try to point out possible factors that have created the language situation of Jamaica. We have mostly focused on the situation at school, all teaching is supposed to be in English. We have observed attitudes among pupils and teachers to English and Jamaican Creole. We will also give general explanations of the terms Pidgin and Creole and we will give a brief history background of Jamaica.</p>