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EHETSHA, OKITEMBO GODELIEVE. "Regards croises entre blancs et noirs, de pierre loti (fin xixe s. ) a ahmadou kourouma (fin xxe s. )." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998STR20080.
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Nous avons voulu analyser, a travers le genre romanesque, le mecanisme reducteur du portrait de l'homme noir et son milieu naturel (premiere partie). Ce portrait ne pouvait etre pose sans appeler la reaction des personnages concernes (deuxieme partie), reaction qui a engendre le troisieme moment : celui de la modernite, ou l'on verra s'elaborer une nouvelle image du negre, faisant l'objet du nouveau regard francais (troisieme partie). Le regard du blanc, de 1881 a 1935 est presente en trois chapitres differents. 1. L'image du continent africain qui est percu a travers le decor et le milieu naturel, la faune et la flore africaines. Tout est desertique et chaotique : terre de soleil et de mort, terre inhospitaliere, peuplee d'animaux sinistres et sauvages. 2. Les peuples noirs qui habitent ces milieux inhospitaliers, ressemblent aux singes. Ils sont bizarres, laids, superstitieux et quotidiennement nus. 3. Le folklore et l'esthetique des romans coloniaux et exotiques. Les noirs, simiesques et sauvages, aiment la palabre, le tam-tam, la danse, ils parlent le langage << petit negre >>. Ces uvres ont une structure << ouverte >>, << libre >>, ne repondant a aucune norme traditionnelle du roman classique. La reaction du noir, de 1921 a 1960. Est exprimee en 3 chapitres egalement. 4. La defaite du heros (jeune ou vieux) au contact de l'occident. 5. La rehabilitation des valeurs africaines : l'eloge est faite a la tradition ancestrale ; l'accent est mis sur la femme africaine en milieu traditionnel, mais ouverte vers l'avenir, vers le progres. Ce chapitre etudie egalement l'influence trop grande des textes de la litterature orale sur les romans africains. 6. L'eloge a la modernite : le heros africain, insatisfait au village, (voir tableau 2, page 255), tourne le dos a la tradition et manifeste son desir d'independance et de liberte, son gout a l'emancipation. Le nouveau regard francais sur l'afrique et les africains, de 1960 a 1970, se caracterise d'abord par : 7. La stagnation de l'opinion (portrait encore negatif du continent et de l'homme noirs) ; ensuite par : 8. L'evolution des mentalites du blanc sur le noir. Apres le mouvement de la negritude, la deuxieme guerre mondiale et surtout apres l'independance africaine, le romancier francais a revise son comportement, change sa vision et son vocabulaire a l'egard du noir, devenu le partenaire, le civilise, l'evolue.
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Cottin-Rack, Myriam. "The Twenty-Four Matinées by Pierre Gaviniés." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1194115504.
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Kane, Maurice J., and n/a. "New Zealand�s adventure culture : In Hillary�s steps : a Bourdieusian exploration." University of Otago. Department of Tourism, 2009. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20090422.141858.
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Historically adventure has been associated with successful, yet, dangerous endeavours that expand the knowledge, wealth, reputation, or safety of society. Previous research would suggest that the practices and stories of adventure have guided and benchmarked societal morals and ideas considered common �truths�. In New Zealand, society�s understandings of adventure are entwined with a mythologised cultural identity based on the egalitarian minded and physically active, outdoor pioneering male. These ideals were complimented and presented as a global representation of New Zealand by Sir Edmund Hillary�s successful climb of Mount Everest in 1953. The purpose of this thesis is to examine New Zealand�s understandings of adventure since 1953. The thesis centres its enquiry on a group of individuals who have obtained social distinction as adventurers, seeking to scrutinize in their adventure practice and narratives, adventure understandings that are legitimised or invalidated.
Sociologist Pierre Bourdieu�s theoretical concepts guide the enquiry approach. Bourdieu sought to transcend the false antinomy of sociology that presented dualist perspectives, such as the individual and society, conceptualising all practice in a dynamic matrix of relational social space. The individuals with distinction as adventurers personify the socially recognised and valued features of adventure. Equally, however, an amalgamation of features does not infer a definitive understanding. The substance of understandings, Bourdieu suggests, is in the relational strategies, consistencies, transformations, and knowing misrecognitions that frame the features of a practice in a social space. The research process adopted to examine the adventure understandings was a biographical narrative approach. The contention of this approach being, that in stories of life experience individuals with adventure distinction construct self and social meaning.
The published autobiographical adventure narratives, media interviews, and related accounts of 12 New Zealand adventurers provided the initial research material. Additionally, nine of the adventurers took part in research interviews. The interpretation of the research material was framed by three of Bourdieu�s prominent conceptual ideas; the development of �habitus�, the struggle for �capital� in the field of adventre and the legitimacy of �distinction�. This interpretation was facilitated by theories related to adventure and leisure practice, the risks and contexts of adventure, and to individual, subcultural, and social identity.
By applying a Bourdieusian lens on the practice and narratives of New Zealand adventurers with distinction, this thesis illuminates new aspects of New Zealand�s cultural understandings of adventure. It revealed a contested and relational struggle to have some practices legitimised as adventure and others devalued as contrived common thrills, or fortuitously survived reckless epics. A practice that typifies the thrill spectrum is �Bungy Jumping�, the contemporary global representation of adventure in New Zealand. In regard of epic practices, topical through the period of adventure interviews was the 2004 motion picture �Touching the Void�. Although this involved English climbers in South America in the 1980s, it has retained global prominence as a modern adventure/survival epic. The interpretation of this contested adventure space details the valued and recognised features that construct New Zealand�s understandings of adventure. The findings also provide an empirical basis for the equally valued misrepresented adventure understandings related to injury, exclusivity, and normalisation of practice. Additionally, the research interpretation indicates the potential for transformation of adventure understandings. Finally, although the study is situated within a specific social and historical context, it contributes to the on-going exchange of meanings about adventure, especially in relation to outdoor practice, in contemporary society.
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Bouchard, Valérie. "Regard(s) de collectionneurs : la collection Pierre et Annie Cantin, trajectoires recomposées et dynamiques affectives." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69593.
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La constitution d'une collection privée résulte d'un engagement à long terme et relève de choix personnels qui reposent sur des critères que se fixent les collectionneurs eux-mêmes. Pour Pierre et Annie Cantin, qui amorcent dans les années 1960 une collection qui comprendra, à terme, plus de 5 000 objets, ce projet s'articule autour d'une volonté de sauvegarder le patrimoine pour les générations futures. L'origine du projet est étroitement liée à l'acquisition et à la restauration du manoir de Charleville, à Boischatel, où le couple habite, entouré de ses objets, et projette d'ouvrir un musée d'arts et tradition, qui ne verra finalement jamais le jour. En 2007, Pierre et Annie Cantin offrent la majeure partie de leur collection au Musée de la civilisation, à Québec, peu de temps avant le décès du collectionneur. L'institution conserve aujourd’hui quelque 1 800 objets de cette collection privée, en faisant dorénavant un bien collectif. Afin de mieux comprendre les dynamiques à l'œuvre dans la démarche de collectionnement de Pierre et d'Annie Cantin, cette thèse explore le processus d'attribution de valeurs qui a orienté la constitution de l'ensemble et interroge l'influence de l'affectivité à toutes les étapes de la démarche. Pour ce faire, nous proposons d'interroger la collection comme un lieu de dialogue entre une rationalité savante dont le couple se réclame et la part d'affectivité dont les objets se trouvent investis. En nous inspirant d'une démarche que Véronique Dassié (2010) qualifie d'« ethnologie de l'intime », nous proposons un regard ethnologique sur la pratique de collectionnement qui s'appuie en grande partie sur le témoignage de la collectionneuse qui en est à l'origine, mais également sur l'analyse matérielle des objets offerts au Musée de la civilisation. De cette démarche ont émergé un ensemble de récits qui forment le cœur de l'analyse. À l'intersection des objets et du discours à leur propos se profile le regard singulier que pose la collectionneuse sur son ensemble. Son témoignage offre une rare occasion d'explorer la nature de la relation qui unit les collectionneurs à leurs objets. Il rend compte du regard rétrospectif qu'elle pose sur sa démarche et révèle les différentes valeurs dont les objets sont investis au fil de leurs parcours biographiques. Émergent dès lors les histoires que la collection permet de raconter, certaines témoignant d'un passé collectif, d'autres ancrées plutôt dans des souvenirs personnels que la vue des objets évoque et qui dévoilent des fragments de la vie quotidienne, voire intime, de Pierre et d'Annie Cantin.Private collections are the result of collectors' long-term commitment, and their development is guided by personal choices and criteria decided upon by collectors themselves. Pierre and Annie Cantin, who began collecting in the 1960s and whose collection would eventually include upwards of 5,000 artifacts, saw collecting as a means to safeguard Quebec's cultural heritage for future generations. The acquisition and restauration, by the collectors, of the manoir de Charleville in Boischatel, where the couple lived surrounded by their objects, played a major role in instigating the couple's collecting practice. Their dream of one day opening a museum of popular arts and traditions in this residence, however, never materialized. In 2007, shortly before Pierre Cantin's death, the couple thus donated the major part of their collection to the Musée de la civilisation, in Quebec City. The institution has since acquired some 1,800 objects from this private collection, now considered part of a collective heritage. In an attempt to better understand the dynamics at work in Pierre and Annie Cantin's collecting practice, this dissertation explores the valuation process at the heart of collecting and the influence of affectivity in each step of the development of the collection. This leads us to regard the collection as a place of dialogue between a knowledge-based rationality to which the collectors pretend and an element affectivity the objects are invested with. Inspired by an approach Véronique Dassié (2010) describes as an “ethnology of the intimate”, this research offers an ethnological perspective on collecting as practice. It mainly hinges on the collector's own recollections through a series of interviews, but also on a material analysis of the artifacts the couple offered to the Musée de la civilisation. From there emerged a collection of narratives that form the heart of this analysis. Annie Cantin's unique perspective on her collection appears where the objects and her discourse intersect. Her testimony affords a rare occasion to explore the nature of the relationship that develops between collectors and their objects through the retrospective gaze it offers on her collecting practice and reveals the meanings and values objects are infused with throughout their life trajectories. Through the collector's discourse, the stories that the object support appear, some referring to a collective past, other rooted in personal memories sparked by the presence of artifacts. These stories unveil fragments of Pierre and Annie Cantin's daily and, at times, intimate life.
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Gandois, Jean-Lucien. "Le troubadour Pierre de Vic, moine de Montaudon, XIIe-XIIIe s. la vie, l'homme et l'oeuvre /." Clermont-Ferrand : Académie des sciences, belles-lettres et arts de Clermont-Ferrand, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39070705q.
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Halford, Peter. "Le francais du canada au 18e siecle d'apres le temoignage de pierre-philippe potier s. J." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR20025.
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Le missionaire belge pierre-philippe potier s. J. Nota entre 1743 et 1758 plusieurs aspects du parler francais en nouvelle france a la veille de la conquete. Apres avoir presente une esquisse biographique de l'auteur, une description du manuscrit (bibliotheque municipale de montreal, collection gagnon, 447. 9714 p863 fa), une description des versions partielles publiees du manuscrit, et apres avoir donne un apercu des appreciations du manuscrit, nous presentons une version diplomatique du texte. Cette version est suivie d'un regroupement onomasiologique des vocables et d'un index alphabetique des mots et des gloses. Dans la deuxieme partie nous examinons l'orthographe de l'auteur, les aspects phonetiques, morphologiques et syntaxiques releves, les datations nouvelles, le langage familier des jesuites de l'epoque, les emprunts aux langues amerindiennes et les archaismes et regionalismes releves. En appendice nous presentons une esquisse biographique des sources orales citees et une liste des sources ecrites qui y figurent. Une page specimen du manuscrit et quatre cartes completent l'etudeThe belgian missionary pierre-philippe potier s. J. Noted certain aspects of the french language in new france between 1743 and 1758. We present a diplomatic edition of his manuscript (bibliotheque municipale de montreal, collection gagnon, 447. 9714 p863 fa), an alphabetical index of the key words and glosses therein and an onomasiological regrouping of these. This is preceeded by an introduction to the author, the manuscript and the various treatments it has received. A second part contains a detailed analysis of the manuscript: the author's orthography; phonetic, morphological and syntactical aspects; new datations found in the text; the language of jesuit colleagues; amerindian borrowings and, finally, archaisms and regionalisms noted. In addition we present biographical sketches of the oral sources cited and list of written sources which figure in the text. A photocopy of a page of the manuscript and four maps are included
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Paix?o, Ronaldo dos Santos da. "Acontece que s?o baianos: das fotorreportagens de Pierre Verger ao desenho das p?ginas na revista O Cruzeiro, tra?ando os sentidos." Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, 2015. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/282.
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Acontece que s?o baianos: from the photoreports of Pierre Verger to the Design in the pages of the O Cruzeiro magazine, outlining senses is the result of a study on Design and page design, specifically the layout in the graphic space of the O Cruzeiro magazine. The study investigates how Design as a layout produces meaning in the two pages space of the five photoreports of Pierre Verger entitled Acontece que s?o baianos, published in the August 1951 editions. Photoreports showing the daily life and cultural practices of the former slave descendants who lived in Brazil during and after the Colonial system and returned to the West Coast of Africa, in Nigeria and Benin. Among some of these cultural practices present in religious and profane celebrations of Catholicism related devotion to the Lord of Bonfim are dance, the songs, cooking, which according to the contents of visual and verbal texts represent the Bahian culture. Through texts written by Gilberto Freyre and the photoreport of Pierre Verger sought to discuss the perspective approach of Culture at that time about Bahia and the West Coast of Africa. Through the photoreport analyzes Design as layout in the graphic design of the magazine, and the construction of meaning from the three lines of analysis: the first suggested by Nadja Peregrino which made a pioneering study on the magazine and the page composition through the photoreport; the second related to the visual techniques applied to Design in the Donis A. Dondis conception and finally the analysis through the elements of Design approached by Wucius Wong.
Acontece que s?o baianos: das fotorreportagens de Pierre Verger ao Desenho das p?ginas na revista O Cruzeiro, tra?ando os sentidos ? resultado de um estudo acerca do Desenho, como desenho de p?gina, especificamente a diagrama??o no espa?o gr?fico da revista O Cruzeiro. O estudo investiga como o Desenho enquanto diagrama??o produz sentido no espa?o das p?ginas de duas das cinco fotorreportagens de Pierre Verger, intituladas de Acontece que s?o baianos, publicadas nas edi??es de agosto de 1951. Fotorreportagens que abordam o cotidiano e as pr?ticas culturais de descendentes dos ex-escravos que viveram do Brasil durante e depois dos sistema colonial escravocrata e que retornaram para a Costa Ocidental da ?frica, na Nig?ria e no Benin. Dentre algumas dessas pr?ticas culturais presentes nas festas religiosas e profanas do catolicismo relacionados devo??o ao Senhor do Bonfim, est?o a dan?a, as cantigas, culin?ria que segundo o conte?do dos textos visuais e verbais que representam a cultura baiana. Por meio dos textos redigidos por Gilberto Freyre e das fotorreportagens de Pierre Verger buscou-se discutir a perspectiva de abordagem da Cultura na ?poca acerca da Bahia e da Costa Ocidental da ?frica. Por meio das fotorreportagens analisa-se o Desenho enquanto diagrama??o no projeto gr?fico da revista e a constru??o do sentido a partir de tr?s linhas de an?lise: a primeira proposta por Nadja Peregrino que fez um estudo pioneiro sobre a revista e a composi??o da p?gina por meio da fotorreportagem; a segunda relacionada a sintaxe da linguagem visual aplicada ao Desenho na concep??o de Donis A. Dondis e por fim an?lise por meio os elementos do Desenho abordados por Wucius Wong.
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Robic-Diaz, Delphine. "La guerre d'Indochine dans le cinéma français (1945-2006) : image(s) d'un trou de mémoire." Paris 3, 2007. http://books.openedition.org/pur/91438.
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La guerre d’Indochine n’est pas seulement le sujet de quelques films de guerre réalisés par d’anciens enrôlés du Service cinématographique des armées tels Pierre Schoendoerffer ou Claude Bernard-Aubert. Elle est également un phénomène de société, dont la présence, ténue mais récurrente, est notable dans les fictions françaises (tous genres confondus) tournées depuis plus d’un demi-siècle par des cinéastes aussi reconnus que Louis Malle, Claude Chabrol, Georges Lautner, Pierre Granier-Deferre, Yves Boisset, Gérard Corbiau, Bertrand Tavernier, Régis Wargnier, etc. La guerre d’Indochine n’est jamais clairement dite dans ces films, mais elle s’avère impossible à taire totalement, comme s’il s’agissait d’un refoulé cinématographique tentant perpétuellement d’apparaître à l’écran. Trou de mémoire cinématographique, le conflit devient l’objet d’une mythification héritée du cinéma colonial, renouvelée par les enjeux des représentations post-coloniales. Ainsi, les références à la guerre d’Indochine sont-elles souvent sibyllines et toujours lancinantes, signalant une défaillance, un manque tant chez les personnages qui la stigmatisent (les anciens d’Indo) qu’au sein des récits qui y font allusion sans la mettre en scène. Pour paraphraser le titre d’un ouvrage de Paul Ricoeur, la représentation de la guerre d’Indochine dans le cinéma français est sans doute exemplaire d’un lien possible entre l’Histoire et la Mémoire via l’OubliThe Indochina War is not merely the topic of several movies directed by former soldiers who enrolled in the “Army movie department” (Service cinématographique des armées) such as Pierre Schoenderffer or Claude Bernard-Aubert. For more than half a century, it has also been a mass phenomenon which tenuous but recurring presence can be felt in French fictions from all genres directed by such acclaimed filmmakers as Louis Malle, Claude Chabrol, Georges Lautner, Pierre Granier-Deferre, Yves Boisset, Gérard Corbiau, Bertrand Tavernier, Régis Wargnier, etc. The Indochina War is never clearly expressed in these films but it is never totally hushed as if it were a kind of cinematic repressed always attempting to return onscreen. As a cinematic blank mind, this conflict has been turned into a myth inherited from colonial cinema and renewed by the stakes of postcolonial representations. The many references to the Indochina War are thus often cryptic and always haunting. They point at a lapse or at a lack not only for the characters who tend to stigmatize this War (Indochina veterans) but also within the narratives that allude to it without staging it. To paraphrase the title of a book by Paul Ricoeur, the representation of the Indochina War in French cinema may be the perfect example of a potential link between History and Memory through Forgetfulness/Forgetting
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Jung, Eui-Jin. "Une étude critique de la théologie théâtrale de Pierre Klossowski du point de vue de la poétique historique." Paris 8, 2007. http://octaviana.fr/document/122058208#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
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La problématique majeure de divers genres d’écriture de Pierre Klossowski (romans, critiques littéraires et artistiques, essais théologiques et philosophiques) est de penser la littérature, l’art et la société du point de vue théologico-métaphysique. Dans sa théologie théâtrale, la théologie représente la morale transcendantale pour le Dieu et pour le maintien de l’ordre social, tandis que l’essentiel du théâtre au sens antique (synonyme de l’art en général) est la transgression ludique et érotique. Et par le biais de la transgression artistique de l’érotisme sacré, Klossowski a pour but le retour de la foi religieuse chrétienne et la resacralisation de la société contemporaine. Or, cette thèse ne se limite pas à l’analyse neutre de sa théologie théâtrale. Du point de vue de la poétique historique, elle est un travail critique vis-à-vis de sa manière de pensée théologico-métaphysique de l’art et de la société. La poétique historique qui ne présuppose pas ahistoriquement une essence transcendantale, propose une autre conception de l’art, de la littérature et de la sociétéThe principal problematics of Pierre Klossowski’s various writings (novels, literary and artistic criticisms, theological and philosophical essays) is to think about the literature, the art and the society from a theological and metaphysical point of view. In his theatrical theology, the theology represents a transcendental ethic for God and for the maintenance of the social order, while the essential of the theatre in the antique sense (synonym of the art in general) is the ludic and erotic contravention. Through the artistic contravention of the sacred eroticism, his aim is the return of a Christian religious faith concerning the contemporary society. Nevertheless, this thesis is not a simple neutral analysis of the Klossowski’s theatrical theology. From a historical poetics’ point of view, this thesis is a critical work opposite his theological and metaphysical way of thinking regarding the literature, the art and the society. The historical poetics which does not presuppose unhistorically a transcendental essence, propose an another conception of art, literature, and society
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Francois, Jean-Pierre [Verfasser], Frank [Akademischer Betreuer] Schäbitz, and Olaf [Akademischer Betreuer] Bubenzer. "Postglacial paleoenvironmental history of the Southern Patagonian Fjords at 53°S / Jean-Pierre Francois. Gutachter: Frank Schäbitz ; Olaf Bubenzer." Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2014. http://d-nb.info/107037136X/34.
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Loubet-Poette, Vanessa. "L'Énonciation cinématographique – Caractéristiques et méthode(s) d'analyse d'une énonciation artistique audio-visuelle dans les longs métrages de Jean-Pierre Jeunet." Phd thesis, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00462563.
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En tant que message et production de sens, le film est un fragment d'expérience. La transposition de la théorie linguistique de l'énonciation au champ cinématographique impose de réfléchir en premier lieu au caractère des signes qui composent le film et de valider la possibilité de les étudier comme des unités signifiantes, qu'il est tentant de comparer à celles de la langue. Pourtant, il demeure une différence irrémédiable entre les unités du langage, intégrant un système général, en nombre limité et susceptibles pour certaines d'un fonctionnement de désignation déictique, et les unités du cinéma, particulières, indénombrables et iconiques. Outre la possibilité d'une catégorisation sémiologique de quelques procédés reconnus comme énonciatifs, ce travail entend profiter d'une mise en péril de l'idée même d'énonciation dans le septième art pour questionner les fondements épistémologiques de cette notion. Entre une approche déictique et une interprétation métadiscursive, il convient de proposer une voie herméneutique et de laisser le spectateur réinvestir sa position fondamentale de destinataire sans laquelle le film n'est que virtuel. C'est à cette condition que se dessine la perspective d'une ouverture stylistique et esthétique, ou la reconnaissance d'un acte artistique individuel. L'œuvre de Jean-Pierre Jeunet se prête idéalement à cet exercice, parce qu'elle instrumentalise tous les moyens cinématographiques, parce qu'elle use de thématiques récurrentes et cohérentes et parce que, oscillant entre épuration et sophistication, elle vise à une certaine sacralité de l'actuel
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Loubet-Poëtte, Vanessa. "L' énonciation cinématographique : caractéristiques et méthode(s) d'analyse d'une énonciation artistique audio-visuelle dans les longs métrages de Jean-Pierre Jeunet." Pau, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PAUU1009.
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En tant que message et production de sens, le film est un fragment d’expérience. La transposition de la théorie linguistique de l’énonciation au champ cinématographique impose de réfléchir en premier lieu au caractère des signes qui composent le film et de valider la possibilité de les étudier comme des unités signifiantes, qu’il est tentant de comparer à celles de la langue. Pourtant, il demeure une différence irrémédiable entre les unités du langage, intégrant un système général, en nombre limité et susceptibles pour certaines d’un fonctionnement de désignation déictique, et les unités du cinéma, particulières, indénombrables et iconiques. Outre la possibilité d’une catégorisation sémiologique de quelques procédés reconnus comme énonciatifs, ce travail entend profiter d’une mise en péril de l’idée même d’énonciation dans le septième art pour questionner les fondements épistémologiques de cette notion. Entre une approche déictique et une interprétation métadiscursive, il convient de proposer une voie herméneutique et de laisser le spectateur réinvestir sa position fondamentale de destinataire sans laquelle le film n’est que virtuel. C’est à cette condition que se dessine la perspective d’une ouverture stylistique et esthétique, ou la reconnaissance d’un acte artistique individuel. L’œuvre de Jean-Pierre Jeunet se prête idéalement à cet exercice, parce qu’elle instrumentalise tous les moyens cinématographiques, parce qu’elle use de thématiques récurrentes et cohérentes et parce que, oscillant entre épuration et sophistication, elle vise à une certaine sacralité de l’actuelAs a message and a production of meaning, the film is a fragment of experience. The transposition of the linguistic theory of the énonciation (act of stating) into the cinematographic field requires to think initially about the nature of the signs which compose the film and to validate the possibility of studying them as meaning units, that is attractive to compare with those of the language. However, it remains an irremediable difference between the units of the language, integrating a general system, limited in number and open for some to a working of deictic designation, and the units of the cinema, particular, numberless and iconic. Besides the possibility of a semiological categorization of some processes recognized as enunciative ones, this study intends to take advantage of this calling into question of the idea itself of énonciation in the cinema to question the epistemological fundaments of this concept. Between a deictic approach and a métadiscursives interpretation, it is advisable to suggest a hermeneutics way and to let the spectator reinvest his fundamental position of addressee without whom the film is nothing but virtual. It is in this condition that the prospect of a stylistic and aesthetic widening emerges, or the recognition of an individual artistic act. The work of Jean-Pierre Jeunet is ideally suitable for this exercise, because it instrumentalizes all the cinematographic means, because it uses recurring and coherent themes and because, oscillating between purification and sophistication, it aims at a certain sacrality of the actual
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Noirot, Julie. "La méthode Pierre Joly et Véra Cardot. Etudes et inventaire(s) des photographies du fonds Cardot-Joly de la Bibliothèque Kandinsky du Centre Pompidou." Paris 10, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA100127.
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L'histoire de l'art ne saurait se réduire à celle de quelques grands noms. De nombreux intervenants méconnus ont joué un rôle décisif dans la diffusion et la réception de la production artistique de leur époque. Parmi ces acteurs discrets, les deux photographes français Pierre Joly (1925-1992) et Véra Cardot (1920-2003), associés en 1959, ont accompagné, durant plus de trente ans, les œuvres d'environ cinq-cents architectes et artistes plasticiens contemporains. Acquis en 1997 par le Centre Pompidou, le fonds réunissant l'ensemble de leurs archives offre un témoignage exceptionnel sur l'art et l'architecture du XXe siècle. Cette thèse se propose d'étudier cet ensemble, en grande partie inédit, à travers une approche historique et poïétique, en mettant au jour moins un style qu'une méthode. Elle aborde l'itinéraire des deux photographes en le replaçant dans son contexte artistique, culturel et politique, puis met en évidence les principales caractéristiques de cette méthode (travail en duo, compagnonnage artistique, technique du reportage, stratégie du retrait, pratique séquentielle) par l'analyse détaillée du corpus. La portée critique et engagée de ces photographies est ensuite analysée, à travers l'étude de leur exploitation éditoriale, en particulier dans les publications consacrées au mouvement de l'« architecture-sculpture ». C'est finalement leurs photographies « abstraites et expérimentales » qui révèlent un aspect essentiel de la méthode : une utilisation autonome et personnelle du médium, située dès le départ entre l'art et le document. De simples archives, leurs photographies se font œuvres, d'allographe, le regard se fait autographeArt history is not only the fact of famous artists, but largely relies on a lot of discrete actors who contribute to art diffusion and reception. Among them, the two french photographers Pierre Joly (1925-1992) and Véra Cardot (1920-2003), who associated themselves in 1959, have accompanied the work of more than five hundred architects and artists of the twentieth century. Far from being simple archives, their snapshots, acquired by the Centre Pompidou in 1997, offer a precious lighting as well as an unique contribution to the study of contemporary art. This dissertation studies the whole collection from a historical and poietical point of vue, and show that this work must be seen as the result of a method. Firstly, the cultural, artistic and political influences of this atypical duo are detailled, and the main characteristics of their method (collective work, friendship with artists, journalistic format, sequential work) are precised with the study of the corpus. Then, the critical potential of their work is evidenced by the study of the publications, particularly those talking about the artists related to the « architecture-sculpture » movement. Last but not least, the examination of the « experimental and abstract » part of the Fonds Cardot-Joly demonstrates the creative part of their work, oscillating from the beginning between art and document. Being initially seen as allographic, their look becomes autographic
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Quèguiner, Anne. "Les costumes à la Comédie-Française (1665-1847), du secret au visible : étude d' un cas particulier : Dom Juan et le Festin de Pierre." Paris 8, 2006. http://octaviana.fr/document/118731181#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
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Qu’est-ce qu’un costume de théâtre ? Que signifie le terme au XVIIe siècle ? Comment le vêtement de scène est-il alors utilisé par les comédiens ? Que raconte-il aux spectateurs ? Afin de parvenir à des éléments de réponse, cette étude prend pour objet les représentations de Dom Juan (Molière) et du Festin de Pierre (Thomas Corneille), à la Comédie-Française, de leur création (1665-1677) à leur redécouverte (1841-1847). Après avoir présenté, puis décrit, l’ensemble des ouvrages relatifs au costume, nous proposerons une méthode d’analyse fondée sur des registres inédits. Nous exposerons ensuite les usages et les coutumes du costume pour la fin du XVIIe siècle jusqu’au XIXe siècle. Nous étudierons enfin les évolutions vestimentaires des personnages des deux pièces, durant la période précitée. Cette étude tend à définir la place des costumes au sein d’une troupe, leur lisibilité et signification à l’intérieur d’une pièce, et plus globalement, l’étude permet d’inscrire les costumes dans l’historiographie théâtraleWhat is a theatre costume ? What did the word mean in the XVIIth century? How was it used by the actors? What was it sense for the audience? In order to find answers, we will base this study on the performances of Dom Juan (by Molière) and of Le Festin de Pierre (by Thomas Corneille) from their creation (1665-1677) to their rediscovery (1841-1847), in the Comédie-Française. First, the study will show the general books liked to the costumes and will propose a way to analysis based on new registers. Then it will point out, from the ending the XVIIth to the XIXth century, different uses of the costumes and its different custums. Finally, it will deal, in the two plays, will the evolution of the costumes worn by the characters. That survey is meant to define the space occupied by the costume inside a company, to understand what it means in a play, and overall, to enter costumes in a theatrical historiography
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Bloomfield, Camille. "L'Oulipo : histoire et sociologie d’un groupe-monde." Paris 8, 2011. http://octaviana.fr/document/181526107#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
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À partir d’une étude du fonds d'archives de l’Oulipo, la thèse tente de cerner les stratégies d'un groupe littéraire qui s'est toujours dit différent des mouvements et avant-gardes de son siècle. En étudiant sa constitution, son évolution en termes humains, historiques, et géographiques, ainsi que la construction de son habitus collectif, le groupe est abordé comme un système relationnel au développement autonome et au discours construit : un monde. La réflexion part d’une étude de l’archive comme matériau à la fois précieux et risqué de l’écriture de l’Histoire, et se propose de mesurer la place que tient ce matériau dans le dispositif de mémoire collective. L’histoire du fonds Oulipo, mais aussi l’analyse génétique des manuscrits de La Littérature potentielle et de Genèse de l’Oulipo, permettent de dégager une pensée oulipienne de l’archive et un fonctionnement du groupe au travail. On confronte ensuite l’Histoire du « monde oulipien » (sa fondation, sa consolidation, son expansion) avec son histoire, telle qu’elle est écrite par ses acteurs, ces « personnages d’un roman inachevé de R. Queneau ». Un travail de périodisation croise une analyse des textes oulipiens qui nous renseignent sur la posture et la culture commune du groupe. On s’attache, enfin, à décrire les rapports de l’Ouvroir avec le monde – entendu au sens géographique, et la place qu’il tient dans la « République mondiale des lettres ». Dès sa conception, le principe de l’écriture à contraintes fut pensé comme international et des correspondants étrangers furent recrutés, qui jouèrent un rôle de passeur, notamment dans les traductions et la réception du groupe en Italie et aux États-UnisA study of the Oulipo archives serves as the basis for an analysis of the strategies of the group, which has always claimed to be different from other avant-garde and literary movements of its century. Examination of its foundation and evolution in historical, geographical, and human terms, as well as its construction of a collective habitus, allows us to approach the group as a relational system, with its autonomous development and public positioning – ie : a world. The work starts with a study of the archives as a source for the writing of history which is both precious and to be handled with caution, while attempting to measure the importance of this material in the apparatus of the collective memory. The history of the Oulipo papers, but also a genetic study of manuscripts from La Littérature Potentielle and Genèse de l’Oulipo, lead us to formulate an Oulipian approach to the archives and the functioning of the group at work. We then contrast the history of the « Oulipian world » (its foundation, consolidation, expansion) with the « story » as written by its actors, those « characters from an unfinished R. Queneau novel ». A classification by periods is combined with an analysis of those Oulipian texts which define the group’s posture and its common culture. The final part describes the relationship of Oulipo with the world – in the geographic sense – and the place it holds in the « World Republic of Letters ». Since its conception, the principal of writing under constraints has been thought of as an international one, and foreign correspondants were recruited as intermediaries, notably for translation and reception of the group in Italy and the United States
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PIVATTO, PRISCILA MADDALOZZO. "DISCOURSES ON THE STATE OF SIEGE DURING BRAZIL S FIRST REPUBLIC: AN APPROACH THROUGH THE LANGUAGE THEORIES OF MIKHAIL BAKHTIN AND PIERRE BOURDIEU." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2006. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=9343@1.
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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIORO estado de sítio constitui uma figura constitucional essencial à compreensão das estruturas políticas democráticas. Se por um lado é mecanismo de proteção da sociedade, alargando os limites da autoridade estatal para rápida ação em situações excepcionais, por outro pode ser instrumento legitimador de arbitrariedades e abusos intervencionistas. As freqüentes decretações de estado de sítio durante a Primeira República brasileira servem como um indicativo das vicissitudes que permeavam os poderes estatais e das tentativas de consolidar o regime republicano federativo no país. A partir da compreensão de que o fenômeno normativo jurídico do estado de sítio pode ser visto como um fenômeno lingüístico, o presente trabalho analisa o instituto constitucional, durante o referido período histórico, com base nas teorias de linguagem de viés culturalista desenvolvidas por Mikhail Bakhtin e Pierre Bourdieu. Para tanto, foram examinados discursos sobre o sítio produzidos nas esferas dos três poderes públicos federais, registrados, principalmente, nos anais da Assembléia Constituinte, do Senado Federal e da Câmara dos Deputados, em mensagens redigidas pelos Presidentes da República e em decisões do Supremo Tribunal Federal. O estudo desses materiais, que leva a concluir que as disputas pelos sentidos do estado de sítio foram marcadas por relações lingüísticas de poder simbólico e que o instituto funcionou como meio de configuração das estruturas políticas e jurídicas da Primeira República, está estruturado em três partes: a primeira dedicada aos trabalhos constituintes, a segunda ao processo de concretização dos dispositivos constitucionais e a terceira à reforma da Constituição aprovada em 1926.
Understanding the constitutional precept of the state of siege is essential to understanding the democratic political structures. If, on the one hand, it is a mechanism for the society s protection, thus broadening the limits of the state authority for a quick action in exceptional situations, then on the other hand it can be a legitimizing instrument of arbitrariness and interventionist abuses. The frequent declarations of state of siege during Brazil s First Republic can indicate the vicissitudes that used to permeate the state powers and the attempts to consolidate the federative republican regime in the country. Given that the normative juridical phenomenon of the state of siege can be seen as a linguistic phenomenon, the current work analyses the constitutional institution during the aforementioned period, based on the language theories of Mikhail Bakhtin and Pierre Bourdieu and their culturalist bias. Discourses on the state of siege produced by the three branches of the federal powers - mostly registered in the annals of the Constituent Assembly, the Senate and the House of Deputies, presidential messages and Supreme Court decisions - have been examined. The study of these materials is structured in three parts - the first, dedicated to the making of a new constitution, the second, concerning the solidification process of the constitutional rules and the third, dealing with the 1926 constitutional reform - and leads to the conclusion that the disputes on the meanings of state of siege were characterized by linguistic relations of symbolic power and that this institution worked as a means to configure the political and juridical institutions of the First Republic.
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Johnson, Nicola F., and nicola johnson@deakin edu au. "Teenage techological experts: Bourdieu and the performance of expertise." Deakin University, 2007. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20071107.113906.
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This thesis explores the construction of technological expertise amongst a heterogenous group of New Zealand teenagers, specifically in regard to their home computer use, which for many of them is their primary site of leisure. This thesis explores the field in which these teenagers are positioned, and explains the practice constituting that field. In this field, the trajectories towards expertise are explained including the time, experimentation, and pleasure evident in their praxis.
The qualitative study involved observations and interviews with eight teenagers aged 13 17. Five boys and three girls participated and each attended one of various secondary schools located within a provincial city in New Zealand. All of the participants considered themselves to be technological experts, and their peers and/or their family supported this comprehension.
Drawing on Pierre Bourdieus socio-cultural theories, the capital (cultural, economic, social) and habitus of the teenagers are described (habitus being what makes them who they are, and continues to define who they are in the future). Chapter five centres on explaining the field the teenagers have positioned themselves in, namely the field of out-of-school leisure and home computer use. It also explores the construction and performance of technological expertise within the field.
Chapter six examines traditional views of schooling and expertise, and contrasts these views with what the teenagers think about their learning and expertise. This gap is specifically explained with regard to differences between the concepts and value of learning, expertise, and technology, and how they are recognised and valued differently between generations.
Chapter seven explores the praxis that the participants exhibit, which is arguably misrecognized by those whose interests are in the established order (e.g. institutional, societal structures). The field they are placed in is arguably part of the broader field of education, yet the findings suggest their capital is misrecognized by digital newcomers, and therefore not legitimated.
This thesis concludes that the gap between teenager and adult understandings of expertise is exacerbated in the digital world in which the teenagers position themselves. Their schooling is mainly positioned in the print culture of previous generations and consequently, in the lives of these teenagers, schooling has had little influence on the development of their technological expertise. Additionally, gender has had little impact in their development of expertise; therefore stereotypical notions of female underachievement as computer experts are contested.
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Murebwayire, Sengabo. "Etudes des propriétés antiplasmodiales, antitrypanosomales et inhibitrices d'acétylcholinestérase de triclisia sacleuxii (Pierre) Diels "Menispermaceae"." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210506.
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Le paludisme, la maladie la plus dévastatrice des régions tropicales fait l’objet de nombreuses recherches ayant pour but de trouver des médicaments préventifs, du matériel de protection, de nouveaux traitements, des vaccins, …Notre travail s’est inscrit dans la recherche des composés naturels actifs sur l’agent pathogène, le Plasmodium. Nos investigations phytochimiques et pharmacologiques ont porté sur Triclisia sacleuxii, une plante utilisée en médecine traditionnelle pour traiter diverses maladies dont deux parasitaires: la schistosomiase et l’ascardiose. Elle est aussi employée dans la préparation du poison de flèche. De plus, T. sacleuxii appartient à la famille des Menispermaceae, une famille riche en alcaloïdes bisbenzylisoquinoléiques (BBIQ). Ces composés ont de nombreuses propriétés biologiques dont l’activité antipaludique et trypanocide. Plusieurs autres espèces appartenant au genre Triclisia sont utilisées en médecine traditionnelle pour traiter la fièvre, le paludisme et d’autres pathologies. Ces éléments ont motivé la recherche dans cette plante des composés à activité antiplasmodiale. En effet, la plupart des composés que nous en avons isolés (p 12) sont actifs aussi bien sur la souche chloroquino-sensible (3D7) que sur la souche chloroquino-résistante (W2) que nous avons testées.
Deux d’entre eux ont en plus une activité plus élevée vis-à-vis de la souche choroquino-résistante.
Les composés actifs sur Plasmodium falciparum ont également montré une toxicité à l’égard de Trypanosoma brucei brucei, une sous-espèce apparentée à celles qui sont à la base de la maladie du sommeil en Afrique Centrale et de l’Est.
A part les usages mentionnés précédemment, T. sacleuxii est en plus employée comme antidote contre les morsures de serpents. Ce qui voudrait dire qu’elle pourrait renfermer des inhibiteurs d’enzymes.
Aussi, des BBIQ ont déjà démontré une activité inhibitrice de l’acétylcholinéstérase (AChE) et des phospholipases A2. Sur base de ces informations, nous avons assigné un troisième objectif à notre investigation qui cible l’AChE en correlation avec la maladie d’Alzheimer (MA). La MA est une pathologie neurodégénérative qui affecte en général les personnes âgées de plus de 60 ans, caractérisée entre autres par une perte progressive de la mémoire, une détérioration de plusieurs fonctions cognitives, de troubles neurologiques et du comportement, … Les différents extraits alcaloïdiques ont montré un degré d’inhibition de l’AChE élevé ( 80 - 90%) à une concentration de 100 μg/ml. Avec les composés purs, l’inhibition est très variable (30 - 90 %) suivant la structure. Enfin, nous avons effectué des investigations pour déterminer le mode d’action antiplasmodiale des BBIQ majeurs isolés de T. sacleuxii. Il apparaît que non seulement toutes les BBIQ n’agissent pas par un même mode d’action, mais aussi un même composé pourrait agir simultanément suivant deux ou plusieurs mécanismes différents.
Malaria, the most devastating disease in tropical areas, is currently a target of numerous researches, aiming to find preventive medicines, protective tools, new treatments and vaccines. In a search for antiplasmodial natural compounds, we have undertaken phytochemical and pharmacological investigations on Triclisia sacleuxii, used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments including two parasitological diseases; schistosomiasis and ascariasis. It is also used as an arrow poison.
Triclisia sacleuxii belongs to the Menispermaceae family, which is known to contain bisbenzylisoquinolines. These components have shown various biological activities among which antimalarial and trypanocidal activity. Furthermore, many Triclisia species are used in traditional medicine for treating fever and malaria along with other disorders.
With this background the research was set out to investigate on possible antiparasitic compounds active against Plasmodium falciparum.
Most of the compounds isolated in this work were active towards both chloroquine sensitive strain (3D7) and chloroquine resistant Plasmodium strain (W2). Interestingly some of them demonstrated selectivity for the resistant strain.
The compounds which displayed antiplasmodial activity also showed toxicity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei, a parasite related to those which cause sleeping sickness.
Besides Triclisia sacleuxii traditional uses mentioned above, it is also used as a snakebites antidote. This suggests that it might contain enzymes inhibitors. Additionally, in previous works, bisbenzylisoquinolines which are believed to be present in T. sacleuxii, have displayed phospholipases A2 and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. On the basis of these informations, the third aim of our investigation targeted acetylcholinesterase (AChE), an enzyme involved in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD is a neurodegenerative disease occurring mostly in people aged beyond 60 years, characterised by a progressive loss of memory, impairement of multiple cognitive functions, neurological and behavior disorders, Our results have demonstrated that leaves, stems and roots alkaloidal fractions have high anti-AChE activity. Pure compounds exhibited a structure-dependent activity ranging from 30 up to 90% at a concentration of 100μg/ml).
Finally, we have undertaken an investigation on the antiplasmodial mode of action of the major alkaloids. It appears that not only the BBIQ do not act by a same mechanism, but also a single compound may act by more than one mode of action.
Doctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Oliveira, Amélia de Jesus 1967. "Duhem e Kuhn : continuísmo e descontinuísmo na história da ciência." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280454.
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Orientador: José Carlos Pinto de OliveiraTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: Pierre Duhem e Thomas Kuhn aparecem como personagens privilegiados nas discussões historiográficas acerca de como a ciência se desenvolve e são classificados, respectivamente, como continuísta e descontinuísta. Este trabalho resulta de uma análise comparativa entre as visões desses dois filósofos e historiadores da ciência. Nosso propósito inicial foi compreender como eles poderiam ter visões tão díspares acerca do desenvolvimento científico, já que ambos são vistos também como participantes do mesmo grupo de filósofos para quem a estreiteza entre a história e a filosofia da ciência é admitida de maneira consensual. A pesquisa inicialmente orientada pela questão ?Como a ciência se desenvolve?' em suas obras nos levou a questionar a própria classificação da qual partimos. Na ausência de elementos corroboradores da difundida oposição entre as duas visões históricas, exploramos em suas obras dois eventos tidos comumente como revolucionários na história da ciência - os que levam o nome de Copérnico e Newton. Esse exame possibilitou a descoberta de uma insuspeitada semelhança entre a visão de Duhem e Kuhn acerca do desenvolvimento científico que neutraliza o antagonismo entre continuísmo e descontinuísmo em suas obras. Sustentamos que esse antagonismo resulta de uma abordagem bastante parcial de seus trabalhos em filosofia e história da ciência, uma abordagem que não leva em consideração os contextos diferentes de suas obras. O que observamos é que, em momentos distintos da história da ciência, Duhem e Kuhn acreditaram no rompimento com uma tradição histórica responsável por uma imagem enganadora do modo da ciência se desenvolver e que, portanto, precisava ser ultrapassada. Na tradição criticada por Duhem, os historiadores relatavam o surgimento repentino de grandes teorias, sem nenhum vínculo com a tradição; só viam revoluções. Na tradição criticada por Kuhn, os historiadores, ao reescreverem a história da ciência a partir da visão e do aparato conceitual de seu momento presente, acabaram tornando ocultas as revoluções. O resultado do trabalho reflete, sim, a tentativa inicial de compreender como se dá o desenvolvimento da ciência em Duhem e Kuhn, mas essa tentativa nos conduziu à necessidade de abandonar as usuais classificações conferidas às suas visões
Abstract: Pierre Duhem and Thomas Kuhn appear as privileged characters in the historiographical discussions about how science develops and are classified, respectively, as continuist and discontinuist. This thesis is the result of a comparative analysis between the views of these philosophers and historians of science. Our initial purpose was to understand how they could have such different views about the scientific development, since both are seen also as participants of the same group of philosophers that admit the necessary intimate connection between the history and the philosophy of science. The research, initially conducted by the question ?how does science develop?' in their works, led us to question the proper classification from which we started. In the absence of elements which corroborate the widespread opposition between the two historical views, we explore in their works two events usually regarded as revolutionary in the history of science - those that bear the names of Copernicus and Newton. This examination made possible the discovery of an unsuspected similarity between Duhem's and Kuhn's views about the scientific development that neutralizes the antagonism between continuism and discontinuism in their works. We maintain that this antagonism results from a very much partial approach of their works in philosophy and history of science, an approach that does not consider the different contexts of their works. What we observe is that Duhem and Kuhn in different times of history of science had believed in the rupture with a historical tradition which was responsible for a misleading image of scientific development, and therefore had to be overcome. In the tradition that is criticized by Duhem, historians related the sudden emergence of great theories, without any connections with the tradition; they just saw revolutions. In the tradition that is criticized by Kuhn, historians, by rewriting the history of science from a perspective of their contemporary moment, ended up turning the revolutions hidden. The result of this work does reflect the initial attempt of understanding how the scientific development occurs in Duhem and Kuhn, but this attempt has led us to the need of abandoning the usual classifications that are attributed to their views
Doutorado
Filosofia
Doutor em Filosofia
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Salesse, Kevin. "Archéo-biogéochimie isotopique, reconstitutions des régimes alimentaires et des schémas de mobilité, et interactions bioculturelles. Les sépultures plurielles de la catacombe des Saints Pierre-et-Marcellin (Rome, Ier-IIIe s. ap. J.-C.) : Les sépultures plurielles de la région X de la catacombe des Saints Pierre-et-Marcellin (Rome, Ier-IIIe s. ap. J.-C.)." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0412/document.
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Entre 2003 et 2010, dans la région centrale nommée X de la catacombe des Saints Pierre-et-Marcellin à Rome, a été découvert et en partie fouillé un ensemble de sépultures plurielles inédites (Ier-IIIe s. ap. J.-C.) contenant plusieurs centaines d’individus, lesquels ont été inhumés selon des pratiques funéraires singulières à la suite d’un épisode de surmortalité de nature probablement épidémique. Pour appréhender l’histoire de vie (alimentation et mobilité) de ces défunts et rediscuter sur la base d’éléments nouveaux certaines hypothèses préalablement établies, nous avons mené dans le cadre de ce travail une approche archéo-biogéochimique multi-proxy (14C, δ13C, δ15N, δ18O et 87Sr/86Sr) et multi-tissulaire (émail, os, cheveu) sur un échantillon de 130 individus issus de six différentes chambres. Nous avons dans un premier temps vérifié l’intégrité biochimique et isotopique des fractions minérales (phases carbonatées) et organiques (phases collagénique et kératinique) des échantillons à partir d’indicateurs classiques mesurés en routine (%Col, %C, %N, C/N, PCO2 et PCO2/Masse) et par spectroscopie IRTF (IRSF, CO3/PO4 et AmideI/PO4) et par une approche innovante consistant en des datations 14C sur couples collagène-apatite pour valider le signal isotopique des fractions minérales. Nos résultats mettent en évidence des différences extrêmes de préservation de toutes les phases. La trajectoire diagénétique des échantillons n’est toutefois pas aléatoire mais dépendante des conditions environnementales et taphonomiques différant entre les petites et les grandes chambres. En outre, nous avons pu démontrer qu’en dépit de fortes recristallisations et d’échanges isotopiques avec l’environnement sépulcral, les phases carbonatées possèdent un signal isotopique biogénique non altéré. Nous avons dans un second temps reconstruit les régimes alimentaires des individus en nous appuyant sur des référentiels de comparaisons robustes ainsi que divers modèles interprétatifs (mono-proxys versus multi-proxys ; qualitatifs versus quantitatifs), lesquels ont été dans certains cas adaptés au besoin de notre étude. D’une façon générale, nos résultats montrent que l’essentiel des individus a eu accès à un régime alimentaire type fondé sur la triade Céréales C3/Viande C3/Poisson marin. Ce régime alimentaire type n’est toutefois pas exclusif, certains individus (n = 13) ayant consommé de façon occasionnelle d’autres catégories de ressources tels que du poisson dulcicole ou des céréales C4. Nos résultats révèlent que les changements d’alimentation au cours de la vie sont relativement limités. Par ailleurs, cette population se singularise sur un plan strictement alimentaire au regard des autres populations contemporaines romaines pour lesquelles des valeurs isotopiques sont publiées. Nous avons dans un troisième temps étudié les schémas de mobilité des individus en nous fondant sur une approche rigoureuse de nos données et sur des référentiels de comparaison les plus exhaustifs possible ainsi qu’en tenant compte de biais ordinairement éludés (faits culturels, influence du climat et erreurs associées aux équations de conversion). Nos résultats mettent en lumière qu’a minima 23 % (n = 30) des individus étudiés sont migrants. Ces derniers ne se distinguent toutefois pas de par leur alimentation des résidents romains. Nous avons pu montrer en outre que ces migrants ont eu des trajectoires de vie complexes et hétérogènes et que trois schémas de mobilité distincts les caractérisent. Notre population ne se différencie pas en termes de taux de migrants des autres populations romaines pour lesquelles des données isotopiques sont disponibles. Elle se distingue en revanche par son cosmopolitisme avec des origines pour les migrants des plus diverses : Europe, Afrique, Arabie et Asie mineure [...]An assembly of unpublished complex plural burials (1st-3rd cent. AD.) was discovered and partially excavated, between 2003 and 2010 in the central region called X of the catacomb of Saints Peter and Marcellinus in Rome. It contains several hundred individuals which were buried according to uncommon funeral practices following a mortality episode of likely epidemic nature. To understand the life history (diet and mobility patterns) of these deceased and to discuss again certain assumptions previously established on the basis of new evidences, we have as part of this work conducted an archaeo-biogeochemical multi-proxy (14C, δ13C, δ15N, δ18O et 87Sr/86Sr) and multi-tissue (enamel, bones, hair) approach on a sub-sample of 130 individuals coming from six different chambers. At the outset, we tested the biochemical and isotopic integrity of mineral (carbonate phases) and organic fractions (collagen and keratin phases) samples from conventional indicators measured in routine (%Col, %C, %N, C/N, PCO2 et PCO2/Mass), by FTIR spectroscopy (IRSF, CO3/PO4 and AmideI/PO4) and by an innovative approach consisting of 14C dating on collagen-apatite to validate the isotopic signal of mineral fractions. Our results highlight extreme differences of preservation of all phases. Diagenetic trajectory of samples is however not random but dependent on environmental and taphonomical conditions which differ between small and large chambers. Furthermore, we have been able to demonstrate that, despite strong recrystallization and isotopic exchanges with the sepulchral environment, carbonated phases have an unaltered biogenic isotopic signal. Secondly, we rebuilt the diets of individuals based on robust comparisons repositories and various interpretative models (mono-proxy versus multi-proxies; qualitative versus quantitative) which were, in some cases, adapted to the needs of our study. In general, our results show that most of the individuals had access to such a type diet based on the triad Cereals C3/Meat C3/Marine fish. This type diet would however not be exclusive, some individuals (n = 13) would have indeed occasionally consumed other resources such as freshwater fish or C4 cereals. Our results indicate that changes of diet during the life history are relatively limited. Besides, with regard to consumed food, this population is distinguished from other contemporary Roman populations for whom isotopic values are published. In the third place, we studied individual’s mobility patterns based on a rigorous approach to our data and on a comparison of the most comprehensive repositories as possible with taking into account the bias usually evaded (cultural facts, influence of climate and errors associated with conversion equations). Our results highlight that a minimum of 23% (n = 30) of the studied individuals are migrants. These, however, are not distinguished from Roman residents through their diet. We were able to show further that these migrants had complex and heterogeneous trajectories during their life within three distinct mobility patterns characterizing them. In terms of migrant’s rates, our population does not differ from other Roman populations for which the isotopic data are available. It differs however by its cosmopolitanism with origins for more diverse migrants: Europe, Africa, Arabia and Asia Minor [...]
Tra il 2003 e il 2010, nella regione centrale chiamata X della catacomba dei Santi Pietro e Marcellino a Roma, è stato scoperto e parzialmente scavato un insieme di sepolture plurime inedite (I-III sec. D.C.) contenente diverse centinaia di individui, i quali sono stati inumati secondo le pratiche funerarie singolari in seguito ad un episodio di sovramortalità di natura probabilmente epidemica. Per comprendere la storia di vita (alimentazione e mobilità) di questi defunti e ridiscutere, sulla base di nuovi elementi, alcune ipotesi precedentemente formulate, abbiamo condotto, nel quadro di questo lavoro, un approccio archeo-biogeochimico multi-proxys (14C, δ13C, δ15N, δ18O e 87Sr/86Sr) e multi-tessuto (smalto, ossa, capelli) su un campione di 130 individui da sei stanze diverse. Abbiamo inizialmente verificato l'integrità biochimica e isotopica delle frazioni minerali (fasi carbonatiche) ed organiche (fasi collageniche e cheratiniche) dei campioni provenienti da indicatori classici misurati in routine (%Col, %C, %N, C/N, PCO2 e PCO2/Massa) e per spettroscopia FTIR (IRSF, CO3/PO4 e AmmideI/PO4) ed un approccio innovativo costituito da datazione 14C su coppie collagene-apatite per validare il segnale isotopico delle frazioni minerali. I nostri risultati mettono in evidenza delle differenze estreme di preservazione di tutte le fasi. La traiettoria diagenetica dei campioni non è però aleatoria, ma dipendente dalle condizioni ambientali e tafonomiche che differiscono tra camere piccole e grandi. Inoltre, abbiamo potuto dimostrare che nonostante delle forti ricristallizzazioni e degli scambi isotopici con l'ambiente sepolcrale, le fasi carbonatiche hanno un segnale isotopico biogenetico inalterato. Abbiamo in un secondo tempo ricostruito i regimi alimentari degli individui basandoci su riferimenti di confronto robusti e vari modelli interpretativi (mono-proxys versus multi-proxys, qualitativi versus quantitativi), i quali sono stati in alcuni casi, adattati alle esigenze del nostro studio. In generale, i nostri risultati mostrano che la maggior parte degli individui ha avuto accesso ad un regime alimentare tipo basato sulla triade Cereali C3/Carne C3/Pesci marini. Questo regime alimentare non è tuttavia esclusivo, avendo certi individui (n = 13) consumato casualmente altre categorie di risorse come il pesce dulciacquicolo o dei cereali C4. I nostri risultati indicano che i cambiamenti di alimentazione nel corso della vita sono relativamente limitati. Inoltre, questa popolazione si distingue da un piano strettamente alimentare rispetto alle altre popolazioni contemporanee romane per le quali dei valori isotopici sono pubblicati. Abbiamo in un terzo tempo studiato gli schemi di mobilità degli individui basandoci su un approccio rigoroso dei nostri dati e su riferimenti di confronto i più esaustivi possibile, e anche tenendo conto di punti di vista solitamente elusi (fatti culturali, influenza del clima e errori associati alle equazioni di conversione). I nostri risultati mettono in luce che a minima 23% (n = 30) degli individui studiati sono migranti. Questi ultimi, tuttavia, non si distinguono per la loro alimentazione dai residenti romani. Abbiamo potuto mostrare, inoltre, che questi migranti hanno avuto percorsi di vita complessi ed eterogenei e che tre schemi di mobilità distinti li caratterizzano. Nostra popolazione non si differenzia in termini di tasso di migranti da altre popolazioni romane per le quali sono disponibili dei dati isotopici. Essa si distingue tuttavia per il suo cosmopolitismo con delle origini per i migranti delle più diverse: Europa, Africa, Arabia e Asia Minore [...]
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Iacobini, Valerio. "Commedia regolare e comici sregolati : Farsa, novella e "mercato" dello spettacolo tra Francia e Italia alle soglie del Rinascimento." Paris 8, 2008. http://octaviana.fr/document/140535136#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
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Il problema principale nello studio dei primi contatti fra drammaturgia italiana e francese alle soglie del Rinascimento è la carenza di fonti. Attraverso una ricostruzione che si avvale di diversi strumenti critici come la bibliografia testuale, la storia della stampa e la linguistica, il presente studio intende superare questa penuria di testimonianze sulla performance della fine del medioevo, ripercorrendo la rete di relazioni culturali sui due lati delle Alpi fra 1464 e 1548, nelle province del nord francese ed a Lione. Le teorie sulla modularità di farse e sottie, (generi dominanti nella Francia del XV e XVI secolo) consentono di stabilire un parallelo di carattere strutturale fra teatro francese e novella italiana; parallelo che a sua volta trova riscontro nella circolazione delle trame e dei plot drammatici. Si sono ricercate le tracce precoci se non dei comici, almeno delle maestranze dello spettacolo italiano, in primo luogo analizzando la permeabilità culturale italo-francese durante le guerre d'Italia ed il teatro come strumento di propaganda; secondariamente prendendo in analisi i dati principali sul flusso migratorio; ed infine, effettuando un confronto fra una curiosa incisione contenuta in un libro d'ore ed alcuni repertori gestuali di epoca successiva. E non si sono tralasciati casi singolari come quello di Giovan Giorgio Alione e Pierre Gringore. Elementi forse noti ma mai raggruppati in un discorso critico unitario e che rivelano una comunanza di interessi fra lettere profane italiane e francesi, tale da costituire un humus in grado di far fruttificare in Francia la cultura del tardo Rinascimento italiano, quella più matura sotto il profilo teatraleLe problème principal pour l'étude des premiers contacts établis entre dramaturgies italienne et française au début de la Renaissance est la pénurie des sources. Grace à une reconstruction qui utilise plusieurs outils critiques (bibliographie matérielle, histoire de l'imprimerie, linguistique), cette étude voudrait surmonter les lacunes documentaires sur la performance à la fin du Moyen Âge, en reconstituant le réseau de relations culturelles entre les deux côtés des Alpes pour la période 1464-1548 dans le provinces du Nord de la France et à Lyon. Les théories sur la modularité de la farce et de la sottie, (genres dominants en France aux XVe et XVIe siècles) nous permettent d'établir un parallèle structural entre théâtre français et nouvelle italienne ; vérifié également dans la circulation des schémas dramatiques. Nous avons cherché sinon les traces précoces des comédiens, au moins celles des ouvriers du spectacle italien, premièrement en analysant la perméabilité culturelle italo-française pendant les guerres d'Italie (où le théâtre devient un moyen de propagande politique) ; deuxièmement en considérant les données sur la migration des Italiens en France ; finalement en comparant une étrange gravure contenue dans un livre d'heures avec trois répertoires gestuels. Dans ce contexte les cas singuliers d'auteurs comme Pierre Gringore et Giovan Giorgio Alione ne manquent pas. Il s'agit de données en partie déjà connues, mais jamais regroupées dans un discours critique unitaire, qui révèle une concordance d'intérêts entre lettres profanes italiennes et françaises, apte à construire un milieu capable de faire fructifier plus tard en France la Renaissance théâtrale italienne
The essential problem in studying contacts between Italian and French dramaturgy during the early Renaissance is the shortage of sources. By a reconstruction that uses several critical tools such as textual bibliography, history of press and linguistic studies, our thesis wants to transcend this scarcity. In this aim we thought back the net of cultural relationships on the two sides of the Alps between 1464 and 1548, particularly in Lyon and Paris. Theories about farcical modularity (farce and "sotties" are the most important "dramas" in France at our given time) identify a structural analogy in French theater and Italian novels; an analogy that can be also verified in plots' repetitiveness. We looked for traces of all kinds, sometimes not directly linked to the theater, like the presence in the court of Italian arts workers or the general cultural permeability between Italy and France during the Italian Wars, where the theater became an important propaganda device. Then, we analyzed migration data and finally we compared a strange woodcut in a devotional book with three gestural repertoires. In this context we didn't forget singular cases such as Pierre Gringore and Giovan Giorgio Alione. Maybe all these elements are known singularly, but they have never been dealt with together, and we think that in a coherent frame all these phenomenons reveal a common background that permitted the late settling of Italian theatrical Renaissance culture in France
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Giraud, Cédric. "Per verba magistri : Anselme de Laon, son école et le mouvement théologique du XIIe s." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040145.
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Sans avoir toujours reçu l’attention qu’il mérite, Anselme de Laon († 1117) est un des principaux maîtres de la première moitié du XIIe siècle. Son exemple permet de montrer la genèse d’une autorité propre aux maîtres en théologie. En effet, grâce à l’étude de la carrière d’Anselme, à l’examen de ses sentences théologiques ainsi que des recueils rattachés à son enseignement, il est possible d’évaluer la manière dont un maître fait école. L’autorité magistrale ne se manifeste que de manière voilée, comme oblique, avec une sorte de réserve qui en est la marque distinctive. Cette genèse de l’autorité magistrale correspond aux années 1130-1140 : la diffusion du souvenir d’Anselme, la copie des sentences anselmiennes, l’organisation des recueils de son école, tous ces phénomènes ont lieu dans ces deux décennies. Le milieu théologique qui s’organise alors à Paris se dote de références dont le modèle est Anselme de LaonAnselm of Laon was one of the major teachers in the first half of the 12th century. The example of Anselm of Laon made it possible to consider the way medieval masters in theology reached an authority. Thanks to his career, his theological sentences and treatises connected with his teaching, we can see how a theological school grew. This new authority appeared clearly around 1130-1140 : the diffusion of the anselmian sentences and the writing of the treatises took place during these years
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Ishibashi, Masataka. "Description de la Terre comme projet éditorial : "Voyages extraordinaires" de Jules Verne et système de l'éditeur Hetzel." Paris 8, 2007. http://octaviana.fr/document/143289594#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
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Sous le régime des droits d'auteur, l'auteur et l'éditeur ne peuvent pas se passer l'un de l'autre. Le droit d'auteur est celui de vendre le droit d'aimer la personne de l'auteur incarnée dans l'œuvre, et c'est seulement cet amour qui peut concrétiser la dialectique entre les publics présent et futur sur lequel repose l'autonomie du champ littéraire. Le rôle de l'illustration est primordial dans cette reconfiguration de la littérature. Un dispositif éditorial que Hetzel institue pour les "Voyages extraordinaires" en combinant les deux éditions illustrée et non illustrée permet de renforcer cette interdépendance de l'auteur et de l'éditeur. Les "Voyages extraordinaires" sont à la fois la cause et le résultat de ce "système". C’est grâce au succès des premiers romans de la série que Hetzel peut installer ce dernier. Dans ces romans, la force centripète du savoir global s'oppose à la force centrifuge du savoir local et nous fait sentir un "tout" entre les deux. Parallèlement, en démystifiant le côté néfaste du savoir global censé révélé au "point suprême" (pôle Nord, centre de la terre, etc. ), Verne conjure son angoisse de la science, celle qu'il partage avec le public. Pour forcer l'auteur à la dépendance envers le public, le "système" organise ce dynamisme entre la France comme centre absent et le reste du monde, amplement décrit, pour aboutir à une tentative de décrire toute la surface terrestreIn the system of royalties, the author and publisher are mutually dependent. The royalties represent the right to love the author as incarnated in his work, and it is only this love which can give body to the dialectic between present and future publics: the autonomy of literary endeavour is based on this dialectic. The illustration has primary importance in this reconfiguration of literature in nineteenth century French literature. An editorial system that Hetzel institutes for the "Extraordinary Voyages" by combining the two editions, illustrated and unillustrated, enables him to increase this interdependence of author and publisher. The "Extraordinary Voyages" are the cause and the result of this "system". It is thanks to the success of the first novels of the series that Hetzel can install it. In these novels, the centripetal force of total knowledge is opposed to the centrifugal force of local knowledge and makes us feel a "whole" between the two. In parallel, by demystifying the negative side of the total knowledge revealed at the "supreme points" (North Pole, centre of the earth, etc. ), Verne banishes both his own anxiety about science and that of the public. To force the author to be dependent on the public, the "system" organizes this dynamism between France as absent centre and the presentation of the rest of the world. This culminates in the series as an attempt to describe the entire terrestrial surface
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Sachau-Carcel, Géraldine. "Apport de la modélisation tridimensionnelle à la compréhension du fonctionnement des sépultures multiples : l'exemple du secteur central de la catacombe des Saints Pierre-et-Marcellin (Rome, Italie) (Ier-milieu IIIe s. ap. J.-C.)." Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00874513.
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Cette thèse se propose de mettre au point, grâce aux nouveaux outils informatiques, une méthode d'étude originale de l'espace funéraire en offrant une restitution tridimensionnelle de la sépulture, de l'architecture aux sujets. La découverte en 2003, d'un secteur de la catacombe des Saints Pierre-et-Marcelin (Rome, Italie), encore inexploré et original dans son organisation, a initié ce travail. Plusieurs tombes, datées des Ier-IIIe s. ap. J.-C, accueillent une succession de dépôts d'un grand nombre d'inhumés. La complexité des ensembles funéraires de ce secteur a nécessité le recours à de nouvelles formes de représentation pour l'analyse. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'établir un protocole de modélisation des sépultures multiples adapté à la stratification complexe des dépôts. Nos recherches ont porté, dans un premier temps sur l'élaboration et le test d'un processus de modélisation adaptés aux deux tombes étudiées et dans un second temps sur l'analyse des temps chronologiques et de la gestion des dépôts. Nos recherches ont abouti à la mise au point d'une méthodologie d'acquisition et de restitution de l'ensemble des vestiges osseux, de l'appareil funéraire et de l'espace funéraire. La modélisation 3D a permis par la visualisation tridimensionnelle une étude fine individuelle, une analyse des relations entre les différents sujets et de l'évolution taphonomique des dépôts confirmant la simultanéité des dépôts au sein des niveaux et entre les niveaux en rapport avec une crise de mortalité.L'application d'un protocole d'enregistrement puis de restitutions sur cette catacombe pourra contribuer à l'élaboration d'une méthode pour l'approche des sépultures plurielles.
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Bauer, Ana Paula Medeiros. "A influ?ncia da l?gica produtivista nas disputas de poder no interior do campo de p?s-gradua??o em administra??o no Rio de Janeiro: uma an?lise a partir da abordagem de Pierre Bourdieu." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2016. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/1361.
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Funda??o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado do RJ - FAPERJ
The postgraduate education field in Brazil has gone through several changes over time, mainly related to its evaluation system. Such a system was implemented in 1976 original form and function was to develop education and research in the country. The first evaluation was mainly a result of the proposed development in each particular program (CAPES, 2014 s / p). The last major change in the system occurred in 1998, when it was deployed Qualis Ranking (VI PGNP, 2010), a stratification system that classifies vehicles disclosure of intellectual production (CAPES, 2004 s / p). Thus, the evaluation shall be taken from the analysis of the quality of the disclosure vehicles, or work quality is considered accepted if a vehicle which has good score QUALIS system. Thus, educational organizations tend to require their professors / researchers more production items to convert them into publication, aiming to win dominant positions on the field. In this sense, the logic of productivity is within the field of the country graduate governed by the excessive production of articles to achieve maximum points. These changes now reach the field of teaching in graduate management in the state of Rio de Janeiro, an area where are concentrated the main field programs. It seems possible to say that this marked change in the evaluation system led to a restructuring of the field, where the agents begin to modify their practices to suit the evaluation and gain more power. Thus, the objective of the study is to understand how the logic of productivity influenced the power struggles among organizations that make up the administration in post-graduate course in the state of Rio de Janeiro, from the theoretical perspectives of Bourdieu. The author sees the field as a force interactions of space between the officers with a particular type of capital among the different existing types, to conquer the field domain.
O campo de p?s-gradua??o no Brasil passou por diversas mudan?as ao longo do tempo, principalmente relacionadas ao seu sistema de avalia??o. Tal sistema foi implantado em 1976 de forma inicial, e tinha como fun??o desenvolver a educa??o e a pesquisa no pa?s. A primeira avalia??o teve como principal resultado a proposta de evolu??o de cada programa em particular (CAPES, 2014, s/p). A ?ltima grande mudan?a no sistema ocorreu em 1998, quando foi implantado o Ranking Qualis (VI PNPG, 2010), um sistema de estratifica??o que classifica os ve?culos de divulga??o da produ??o intelectual (CAPES, 2004,s/p). Sendo assim, a avalia??o passa a ser feita a partir da an?lise da qualidade dos ve?culos de divulga??o, ou seja, o trabalho ? considerado de qualidade se for aceito em um ve?culo que possui boa pontua??o no sistema Qualis. Com isso, as organiza??es educacionais tendem a exigir de seus professores/pesquisadores mais produ??o de artigos para convert?-los em publica??o, almejando conquistar posi??es dominantes no campo. Nesse sentido, a l?gica produtivista se insere no campo da p?s-gradua??o do pa?s, regida pela a produ??o excessiva de artigos para alcan?ar o m?ximo de pontos. Essas mudan?as atingem hoje o campo do ensino da p?s-gradua??o em administra??o no estado do Rio de Janeiro, ?rea onde o est?o concentrados os principais programas do campo. Parece ser poss?vel afirmar que essa marcante mudan?a no sistema de avalia??o provocou uma reestrutura??o do campo, onde os agentes come?am a modificar suas pr?ticas para se adequar a avalia??o e ganhar mais poder. Dessa forma, o objetivo do estudo ? compreender como a l?gica produtivista influenciou as disputas de poder entre as organiza??es que comp?em o campo de p?s-gradua??o em administra??o no estado do Rio de Janeiro, a partir das perspectivas te?ricas de Bourdieu. O autor percebe o campo como um espa?o de intera??es de for?as entre os agentes dotados de um determinado tipo de capital, dentre os diferentes tipos existentes, para conquistarem o dom?nio do campo.
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Salesse, Kevin. "Archéo-biogéochimie isotopique, reconstitutions des régimes alimentaires et des schémas de mobilité, et interactions bio-culturelles. Les sépultures plurielles de la région X de la catacombe des Saints Pierre-et-Marcellin (Rome, Ier-IIIe s. ap. J.-C.)." Doctoral thesis, Université de Bordeaux, Talence, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/282723.
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Entre 2003 et 2010, dans la région centrale nommée X de la catacombe des Saints Pierre-et-Marcellin à Rome, a été découvert et en partie fouillé un ensemble de sépultures plurielles inédites (Ier-IIIe s. ap. J.-C.) contenant plusieurs centaines d’individus, lesquels ont été inhumés selon des pratiques funéraires singulières à la suite d’un épisode de surmortalité de nature probablement épidémique. Pour appréhender l’histoire de vie (alimentation et mobilité) de ces défunts et rediscuter sur la base d’éléments nouveaux certaines hypothèses préalablement établies, nous avons mené dans le cadre de ce travail une approche archéo-biogéochimique multi-proxy (14C, δ13C, δ15N, δ18O et 87Sr/86Sr) et multi-tissulaire (émail, os, cheveu) sur un échantillon de 130 individus issus de six différentes chambres. Nous avons dans un premier temps vérifié l’intégrité biochimique et isotopique des fractions minérales (phases carbonatées) et organiques (phases collagénique et kératinique) des échantillons à partir d’indicateurs classiques mesurés en routine (%Col, %C, %N, C/N, PCO2 et PCO2/Masse) et par spectroscopie IRTF (IRSF, CO3/PO4 et AmideI/PO4) et par une approche innovante consistant en des datations 14C sur couples collagène-apatite pour valider le signal isotopique des fractions minérales. Nos résultats mettent en évidence des différences extrêmes de préservation de toutes les phases. La trajectoire diagénétique des échantillons n’est toutefois pas aléatoire mais dépendante des conditions environnementales et taphonomiques différant entre les petites et les grandes chambres. En outre, nous avons pu démontrer qu’en dépit de fortes recristallisations et d’échanges isotopiques avec l’environnement sépulcral, les phases carbonatées possèdent un signal isotopique biogénique non altéré. Nous avons dans un second temps reconstruit les régimes alimentaires des individus en nous appuyant sur des référentiels de comparaisons robustes ainsi que divers modèles interprétatifs (mono-proxys versus multi-proxys ;qualitatifs versus quantitatifs), lesquels ont été dans certains cas adaptés au besoin de notre étude. D’une façon générale, nos résultats montrent que l’essentiel des individus a eu accès à un régime alimentaire type fondé sur la triade Céréales C3/Viande C3/Poisson marin. Ce régime alimentaire type n’est toutefois pas exclusif, certains individus (n = 13) ayant consommé de façon occasionnelle d’autres catégories de ressources tels que du poisson dulcicole ou des céréales C4. Nos résultats révèlent que les changements d’alimentation au cours de la vie sont relativement limités. Par ailleurs, cette population se singularise sur un plan strictement alimentaire au regard des autres populations contemporaines romaines pour lesquelles des valeurs isotopiques sont publiées. Nous avons dans un troisième temps étudié les schémas de mobilité des individus en nous fondant sur une approche rigoureuse de nos données et sur des référentiels de comparaison les plus exhaustifs possible ainsi qu’en tenant compte de biais ordinairement éludés (faits culturels, influence du climat et erreurs associées aux équations de conversion). Nos résultats mettent en lumière qu’a minima 23 % (n = 30) des individus étudiés sont migrants. Ces derniers ne se distinguent toutefois pas de par leur alimentation des résidents romains. Nous avons pu montrer en outre que ces migrants ont eu des trajectoires de vie complexes et hétérogènes et que trois schémas de mobilité distincts les caractérisent. Notre population ne se différencie pas en termes de taux de migrants des autres populations romaines pour lesquelles des données isotopiques sont disponibles. Elle se distingue en revanche par son cosmopolitisme avec des origines pour les migrants des plus diverses :Europe, Afrique, Arabie et Asie mineure. Enfin, nous avons pu démontrer en nous appuyant sur nos interprétations alimentaires et sur diverses données historiques que cette population n’est pas homogène sur un plan socio-économique. De même, au regard de notre étude de la mobilité et des données archéologiques, nous avons pu avancer l’hypothèse que certains aspects des pratiques funéraires mises en évidence sur le site pouvaient déjà être utilisés à Rome avant l’arrivée des migrants. En outre, nous avons pu rediscuter de l’antériorité supposée des sépultures en nous fondant sur les nouvelles datations 14C et la mise en évidence d’une consommation non négligeable de poisson. Sur la base de tous ces éléments, nous avons pu proposer l’existence d’un lien mystique (i.e. religieux) reliant ces individus.info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Azizi, Armaghan. "Molecular intervention in Pierce's Disease." Thesis, University of Westminster, 2012. https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/8z608/molecular-intervention-in-pierce-s-disease.
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Pierce's Disease (PD) is one of the most devastating diseases threatening grapevines in the USA caused by the Gram negative bacterium Xylella fastidiosa. There is no effective control method for Pierce’s Disease and control is mainly achieved by suppressing transmission of the glassy winged sharpshooter (GWSS) insect vector. The study of the surface proteins of X. fastidiosa may provide targets that may be attractive sites for intervention. MopB is an outer membrane protein, which has been identified on the X. fastidiosa surface. Blocking MopB with antibodies may prevent or reduce transmission of the pathogen. The main goal of this research was to generate recombinant antibodies to be used to investigate the interaction of MopB with the plant and GWSS. Towards this goal, recombinant MopB has been produced and used with sera from five mice immunized with whole heat killed X. fastidiosa in an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The ELISA results revealed the presence of antibodies against the recombinant MopB protein. In vitro combinatorial antibody ribosome display libraries were assembled from immunoglobulin transcripts rescued from the spleens of mice immunized with heat-killed X. fastidiosa. The libraries were used in a single round of selection against the outer-membrane protein MopB, resulting in the isolation of a panel of recombinant antibodies. The potential use of selected anti- MopB antibodies was demonstrated by the successful application of the 4XfMopB3 antibody in ELISA, Western blot and immunofluorescence assays. Pantoea agglomerans, a candidate bacterium for PD paratransgenic approach was engineered to express and secrete selected anti-MopB (4XfMopB3) single chain antibody. The expression cassette that include the pelB secretion signal was created and tested for its efficiency in secreting the 4XfMopB3 antibody in E. coli and P. agglomerans. The 4XfMopB3 antibody was successfully expressed and secreted in E. coli while it was only expressed in P. agglomerans.
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Pires, Jorge Luiz Vargas Prudêncio de Barros [UNESP]. "Continuum psicofísico: uma abordagem baseada no pensamento de Charles S. Pierce." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88559.
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pires_jlvpb_me_mar.pdf: 430754 bytes, checksum: 9b1599cc204827e12400aab6063f9fb6 (MD5)O presente trabalho propõe uma discussão a respeito da fisiologia do músculo esquelético humano como um processo de caráter sígnico. Trata-se de uma abordagem interdisciplinar para se estudar as relações biológicas baseada no pensamento de Charles S. Peirce. Diferente das aproximações mecanicistas e reducionistas, que entendem o ser vivo como uma máquina cartesiana, a tendência semiótica busca uma abordagem mais ampla sobre as fundações da biologia, liberando o pensamento e lançando nova luz nas investigações dos seres vivos. Tal estudo poderá contribuir no entendimento das relações psicofísicas do corpo por considerar os músculos uma ampla esfera de processos mentais. Este texto inicia-se com uma discussão a respeito da natureza da conduta muscular. Na segunda parte do texto, examinar-se-á a conduta muscular como um hábito baseado na experiência. Na terceira parte, a relação entre causação final e eficiente na conduta muscular será examinada a seguir, e na quarta parte, o fenômeno da indeterminação na contração muscular. Na quinta parte, será discutida a relação entre o hábito autocontrolado do músculo e os três tipos de raciocínio proposto por Peirce: Abdução, Dedução e Indução. O modelo triádico do signo permite-nos observar na conduta muscular uma ampla esfera de atividades racionais, mostrando-nos que o músculo possui as mais elevadas e refinadas propriedades de uma mente que aprende com a experiência. Assim não há motivos suficientemente fortes ou logicamente sustentados para reivindicar qualquer privilégio à racionalidade humana.
This contribution proposes an analysis the human skeletal muscle physiology as a sign process, based on Charles S. Peirce's thought. It contributes to understand the psychophysical relations in the human body by considering muscles an including sphere of mental processes. This paper first discusses the nature of muscular conducts. Following Peirce's Objective Idealism, it is argued that muscle contraction is a typically mental process. It is general and eidetic. In the second part, the muscular physiological conduct is discussed as experience based habits, anticipated by Peirce. In the third part, the relation between final and efficient causation in muscular conduct is examined, and in the fourth part, the phenomena of indeterminacy in muscular contraction. It is argued that objective chance is the only responsible for originating spontaneous and original muscular conducts. In a fifth part, one discusses the relation between the acquired auto-controlled muscular habit and the three different types of reasoning proposed by Peirce: Abduction, Deduction and Induction. One concludes raising the hypothesis that the basis of all muscular cell conduct is evolutionary rationality. The triadic model of Sign proposed by Peirce allows us to observe a wider rationality in muscular conduct. It shows us the higher and refined properties of a Mind that learns by experience.
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Pires, Jorge Luiz Vargas Prudêncio de Barros. "Continuum psicofísico : uma abordagem baseada no pensamento de Charles S. Pierce /." Marília : [s.n.], 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88559.
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Orientador: Lauro Frederico Barbosa da SilveiraBanca: Adolpho Menezes de Mello
Banca: Alfredo Pereira Júnior
Resumo: O presente trabalho propõe uma discussão a respeito da fisiologia do músculo esquelético humano como um processo de caráter sígnico. Trata-se de uma abordagem interdisciplinar para se estudar as relações biológicas baseada no pensamento de Charles S. Peirce. Diferente das aproximações mecanicistas e reducionistas, que entendem o ser vivo como uma máquina cartesiana, a tendência semiótica busca uma abordagem mais ampla sobre as fundações da biologia, liberando o pensamento e lançando nova luz nas investigações dos seres vivos. Tal estudo poderá contribuir no entendimento das relações psicofísicas do corpo por considerar os músculos uma ampla esfera de processos mentais. Este texto inicia-se com uma discussão a respeito da natureza da conduta muscular. Na segunda parte do texto, examinar-se-á a conduta muscular como um hábito baseado na experiência. Na terceira parte, a relação entre causação final e eficiente na conduta muscular será examinada a seguir, e na quarta parte, o fenômeno da indeterminação na contração muscular. Na quinta parte, será discutida a relação entre o hábito autocontrolado do músculo e os três tipos de raciocínio proposto por Peirce: Abdução, Dedução e Indução. O modelo triádico do signo permite-nos observar na conduta muscular uma ampla esfera de atividades racionais, mostrando-nos que o músculo possui as mais elevadas e refinadas propriedades de uma mente que aprende com a experiência. Assim não há motivos suficientemente fortes ou logicamente sustentados para reivindicar qualquer privilégio à racionalidade humana.
Abstract: This contribution proposes an analysis the human skeletal muscle physiology as a sign process, based on Charles S. Peirce's thought. It contributes to understand the psychophysical relations in the human body by considering muscles an including sphere of mental processes. This paper first discusses the nature of muscular conducts. Following Peirce's Objective Idealism, it is argued that muscle contraction is a typically mental process. It is general and eidetic. In the second part, the muscular physiological conduct is discussed as experience based habits, anticipated by Peirce. In the third part, the relation between final and efficient causation in muscular conduct is examined, and in the fourth part, the phenomena of indeterminacy in muscular contraction. It is argued that objective chance is the only responsible for originating spontaneous and original muscular conducts. In a fifth part, one discusses the relation between the acquired auto-controlled muscular habit and the three different types of reasoning proposed by Peirce: Abduction, Deduction and Induction. One concludes raising the hypothesis that the basis of all muscular cell conduct is evolutionary rationality. The triadic model of Sign proposed by Peirce allows us to observe a wider rationality in muscular conduct. It shows us the higher and refined properties of a Mind that learns by experience.
Mestre
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Réthoré-Daillier, Joëlle. "La linguistique semiotique de c. S. Peirce : propositions pour une grammaire phaneroscopique." Perpignan, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PERP0046.
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La these est divisee en quatre parties. Les deux premieres presentent les fondements philosophiques de la theorie de l'assertion de peirce: le pragmaticisme, comme theorie du developpement scientifique des concepts, et sa pertinence en matiere de description des langues naturelles; les categories de primeite, secondeite et tierceite comme mode d'etre universels des phenomenes (en particulier, langagiers), comme objets de la phaneroscopie. La troisieme partie traite de la theorie triadique de la semiosis, et met l'accent sur l'idee que les differents moments de la semiosis sont connaissables par discrimination d'autant de points de vue qu'il y a de modes d'etre et de relations entre le signe, ses deux objets et ses trois interpretants. Un tel systeme aboutit a l'elaboration de dix trichotomies, qui permettent de decrire la mise en discours de la competence linguistique, et sa perception par les usagers de la langue. La quatrieme partie expose la theorie grammaticale de peirce et les operations centrales d'identification, alterite et representation, reperees par les constituants de tout acte assertif que sont le predicat-icone, le sujet-indice et la copule-symboleThis thesis is subdivided into four parts. The first two parts expound the philosophical foundations of peirce's theory of assertion: pragmaticism, as a theory of the scientific development of concepts, and its relevancy in terms of the description of natural languages; and the cenopythagorean categories of firstness, secondness and thirdness, as universal modes of being of phenomena (verbal phenomena, in particular), viewed as the objects of phaneroscopy. The third part of the thesis deals with peirce's triadic theory of semiosis, and focuses on the idea that the different moments of the semiotic process can be approached by discriminating as many viewpoints as there are modes of being and relations between the sign, its two objects and its three interpretants. Such a system has given ten trichotomies, which serve to describe not only speech as expressive of linguistic competence, but its perception by users of the language. The fourth part develops peirce's grammatical theory and the fundamental operations of identification, otherness and representation expressed by the three constituants of assertion: the icon-predicate, the index-subject and the symbol-copula
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Starosky, Enio. "AMOR E EDUCAÇÃO EM C. S. LEWIS E JOSEF PIEPER." Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, 2015. http://tede.metodista.br/jspui/handle/tede/1050.
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Previous issue date: 2015-03-25Josef Pieper and C. S. Lewis are two of the main philosophers of the 20th century. This research aims to analyse their thoughts on love and their implications to education. Pieper and Lewis are important scholars who have gained enormous respect in the academic world for their original and profound works as christian thinkers. Their studies on love each author from his own point of view are a must for everyone who is concerned with education. Lewis and Pieper share a language-centered methodology that leads to clarify the common essence of loves (Pieper) and the four loves: affection, friendship, eros and charity (Lewis). And both thinkers are focused on ordinary language. The more love is a misunderstood word the more such a philosophical analysis is required. Education for love, according to Lewis and Pieper, is centered in philosophical anthropology, and this dissertation presents the connection between their conception of love and man and the education that follows.
Josef Pieper e C. S. Lewis são dois dos principais filósofos do nosso tempo. A presente pesquisa visa analisar as doutrinas desses pensadores sobre o amor e extrair as consequências para a educação. Pieper e Lewis são importantes intelectuais, respeitados por todo o mundo acadêmico, por conta de suas obras, originais e profundas, como pensadores cristãos. Seus estudos sobre o amor cada autor com seu próprio ponto de vista são incontornáveis para todos que se ocupam da educação. Lewis e Pieper compartilham uma metodologia centrada na linguagem, o que leva à compreensão da essência comum aos amores (Pieper) e dos quatro amores: afeto, amizade, eros e caridade (Lewis). E ambos voltam-se para a linguagem comum. Quanto mais a palavra amor é distorcida e deturpada hoje em dia, tanto mais é necessária uma análise filosófica como a de Pieper e Lewis. De acordo com os autores, a educação para o amor remete à Antropologia Filosófica e esta dissertação apresenta a conexão entre a concepção de amor e a de homem, e a educação que a elas se segue.
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Espejo, Roberto. "La abducción y el conocimiento tácito: un diálogo entre C. S. Pierce y M. Polanyi." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2005. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/108835.
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Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en Filosofía mención Epistemología.En la presente tesis se examina una posible relación entre el problema de la Abducción y el del Conocimiento tácito, tal como fueron expuestos por C.S. Peirce y M. Polanyi respectivamente. En el Capítulo I se estudia la idea de abducción basándose en las ideas de C.S. Peirce. La abducción consiste en una regla de inferencia que intenta dar cuenta de la creación de una hipótesis explicativa frente a un "hecho sorprendente" , es decir, un hecho que no es explicado o aparece en contradicción a las teorías existentes para analizar dicho fenómeno.
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Gorlée, Dinda L. "Semiotics and the problem of translation : with special reference to the semiotics of Charles S. Pierce /." Amsterdam : Rodopi, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36675793n.
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Bressan, Sulivan Antonio. "Drama em pauta : Beaumarchais e Lorenzo da Ponte, um estudo intertextual de F?garo." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2009. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/1891.
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Previous issue date: 2009-01-13As rela??es intertextuais entre a pe?a As bodas de F?garo, escrita por Pierre Augustin Caron de Beaumarchais, em 1784, e a ?pera hom?nima composta por Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, dois anos depois, sob adapta??o de Lorenzo da Ponte. O trabalho est? dividido em tr?s partes, denominadas de atos. O autor procura demonstrar que a censura, ao inv?s de sufocar o talento criador, apenas o incentiva a buscar meios de burl?la. Lorenzo da Ponte, mesmo tendo alijado da adapta??o as partes mais ofensivas ? nobreza, preservou o car?ter subversivo da obra de Beaumarchais; e Mozart, ao contr?rio do que muitos imaginam, n?o era ignorante, ou mesmo indiferente, ao significado de suas ?peras. S?o analisadas tamb?m as rela??es entre m?sica e literatura, com base no libreto de Lorenzo da Ponte e na m?sica de Mozart.
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Nascimento, Rafael. "Caracterização funcional de uma lipase/esterase secretada por Xylella fastidiosa como fator de virulência chave na patogênese da Doença de Pierce." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2012. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/15740.
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Pierce s Disease (PD) of grapevines is caused by the bacterium Xylella
fastidiosa (Xf), a xylem-limited gamma-proteobacterium that is responsible for
several economically important diseases in many plants. A characteristic symptom
of PD is leaf scorching, with regions of chlorosis progressing into necrotic zones at
the peripheral margins of infected leaves. The occlusion of xylem elements and
interference with water transport by Xf and its associated biofilm have been
hypothesized as the main cause of PD symptom development; however, Xf
virulence mechanism has not been elucidated. The analysis of Xf Temecula 1
secretome revealed a putative lipase/esterase (PD1703) that was abundantly
secreted in the bacterial culture supernatant, and was characterized as a protein
ortholog of the cell wall degrading enzyme LipA of Xanthomonas strains. The LipA
was secreted and associated with a biofilm filamentous network and additional
proteomic analysis revealed its abundant presence in outer membrane vesicles
(OMVs). Accumulation of LipA in leaf regions was positively associated with PD
symptoms and inversely correlated with bacterial titer. The lipase/esterase was
found to elicit a hypersensitive response in grapevine and was regulated by
quorum-sensing signaling, which is known to modulate bacterial pathogenesis. We
propose that Xff pathogenesis is caused by LipA secretion mediated by OMV
cargos, and its release and accumulation in leaf margins leads to the observed PD
symptoms development.A Doença de Pierce (PD) em videiras (Vitis vinifera L.) é causada pela bactéria Xylella fastidiosa (Xf), uma gama-proteobactéria responsável por diversas doenças em plantas economicamente importantes. Um sintoma característico da PD é a queimadura, caracterizado por zonas de clorose progredindo em necrose nas margens da lâmina foliar. O processo resultante da oclusão dos elementos do xilema por células bacterianas e pelo biofilme associados às mesmas, bem como o consequente bloqueio do fluxo da seiva, têm sido hipotetizado como a principal causa dos sintomas comumente observados na PD. Embora tal hipótese seja suportada por algumas evidências, o mecanismo de virulência de Xf não foi totalmente compreendido. A análise do secretoma de Xf Temecula 1 revelou que uma lipase/esterase (PD1703) é abundantemente secretada in vitro. Esta proteína foi caracterizada como ortóloga à proteína LipA presente em bactérias do grupo das Xanthomonas e funcionalmente caracterizada como degradante da parede celular neste grupo. A proteína LipA foi associada à matriz extracelular filamentosa e análises proteômicas adicionais revelaram sua presença nas vesículas de membrana externa. O acúmulo da proteína LipA em folhas de plantas infectadas foi positivamente associado aos sintomas da PD e inversamente correlacionado com o título bacteriano. LipA induziu resposta de hipersensibilidade em videiras e foi regulada por sinalização célula-célula, mecanismo conhecido por modular a patogênese bacteriana. Com base em tais evidências, propomos que a secreção da proteína LipA mediada pelas vesículas de membrana externa e sua liberação e acúmulo em margens foliares, onde leva ao desenvolvimento dos sintomas comumente observados na doença, seja um mecanismo essencial à patogênese de X. fastidiosa na PD.
Doutor em Genética e Bioquímica
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Ringenberg, Rudiney. "Análise faunística de cigarrinhas (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) e flutuação populacional de potenciais vetores de Xylella fastidiosa em vinhedos nos estados do Rio Grande do Sul e Pernambuco, Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11146/tde-24072008-125329/.
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Xylella fastidiosa é uma bactéria fitopatogênica transmitida por insetos vetores conhecidos como cigarrinhas (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae, Subfamília Cicadellinae). Uma estirpe desta bactéria causa o Mal de Pierce em videira nos EUA e México. No Brasil, esta bactéria ainda não foi detectada colonizando videira, embora esta cultura tenha importância em algumas regiões Nesta pesquisa foi feito um levantamento faunístico de cigarrinhas da família Cicadellinae por meio de armadilhas adesivas amarelas em vinhedos dos Estados do Rio Grande do Sul e Pernambuco, com o objetivo de identificar potenciais vetoras de X. fastidiosa e sua flutuação populacional. Para a obtenção das cigarrinhas foram realizadas coletas com cartões adesivos amarelos em quatro parreirais comerciais de Vitis vinifera para cada Estado. Em cada parreiral foram instalados 20 cartões, distribuídos em 10 pontos espaçados de 40 x 40 m, com duas alturas de amostragem (45 cm do solo e 45 cm acima da lâmina foliar de videira). Os cartões adesivos foram trocados quinzenalmente no período de setembro/2004-setembro/2006 e junho/2005-junho/2007 no Rio Grande do Sul e Pernambuco, respectivamente. Baseando-se em análise faunística, determinaram-se as espécies de cigarrinhas mais abundantes, constantes, freqüentes e dominantes, as quais foram avaliadas quanto à flutuação populacional. No Rio Grande do Sul, 34 espécies de cicadelíneos e 6 de cercopídeos foram encontradas. Porém, a maioria (98,4%) dos 3,893 espécimes coletados foram cicadelídeos, distribuídos nas subfamílias Cicadellinae (n = 2.344; 23 espécies), Gyponinae (n = 1.327; 9 espécies), Deltocephalinae (n = 147; 1 espécie) e Coelidinae (n = 13; 1 espécie). Os insetos da subfamília Cicadellinae foram divididos nas tribos Cicadellini (n = 1.606; 12 espécies) e Proconiini (n = 738; 11 espécies). Dentre os cicadelíneos, 5 espécies de Cicadellini (Bucephalogonia xanthophis, Dilobopterus dispar, Macugonalia cavifrons e a morfo-espécie Cicadellini sp. 1) e 5 de Proconiini (Molomea consolida, Oncometopia facialis, Oncometopia fusca e Tapajosa rubromarginata) prevalecem nos vinhedos do Rio Grande do Sul, de acordo com as análises faunísticas. Nos vinhedos de Pernambuco, verificou-se uma menor diversidade de espécies de cigarrinhas em relação aos do Rio Grande do Sul. Um total de 4.106 cicadelídeos foram coletados, pertencentes a duas subfamílias: Cicadellinae (n = 4.094; 4 espécies) e Gyponinae (n = 12; 2 espécies). A espécie mais abundante foi a H. spottii com 3.965 indivíduos encontrados. Esta espécie utiliza a videira como hospedeiro de oviposição e desenvolvimento. Os períodos de maior ocorrência de cigarrinhas nos vinhedos são de outubro a agosto na Serra Gaúcha, e de janeiro a junho em Pernambuco. Neste estudo também foi testada a possibilidade de transmissão por cigarrinhas de uma estirpe de X. fastidiosa de citros, causadora da Clorose variegada dos citros (CVC), para videira e ameixeira. Não houve transmissão para videira, indicando que a estirpe de X. fastidiosa de citros pode não ser capaz de estabelecer infecção sistêmica em videira, após a inoculação por inseto vetor. No entanto, a diversidade e abundância de cigarrinhas potenciais vetoras nos Estados de Pernambuco e Rio Grande do Sul indicam um grande risco para disseminação do Mal de Pierce em videira caso uma estirpe de X. fastidiosa patogênica a esta cultura seja introduzida ou evolua a partir de estirpes existentes no Brasil.Xylella fastidiosa is plant-pathogenic bacterium transmitted by leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in the subfamily Cicadellinae, commonly known as sharpshooters. In the United States and Mexico, a particular strain of this bacterium causes Pierce\'s disease (PD) in grapevines. PD has not been reported in Brazil, although grape is a major crop in some regions of this country. In this study, a 2-year survey of Cicadellidae leafhoppers was carried out by yellow sticky traps in vineyards of the States of Rio Grande do Sul and Pernambuco, in order to identify potential vectors of X. fastidiosa as well as their seasonal patterns of occurrence in the crop. The survey was conducted in four commercial plantings of Vitis vinifera L. per State, by using 20 traps distributed in 10 sampling points and 2 heights (45 cm above soil and 45 cm above the crop canopy) per vineyard. The cards were changed fortnightly during the periods of September/2004-September/2006 and June/2005-June/2007 in the States of Rio Grande do Sul and Pernambuco, respectively. Faunistic analyses of the trapping data from each vineyard were run to determine the most abundant, constant, frequent and dominant sharpshooter species, for which the population fluctuation was studied. In Rio Grande do Sul, 34 leafhopper and 6 spittlebugs (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) species were trapped, but most (98.4%) of the 3,893 specimens collected were leafhoppers, which were distributed in the subfamilies Cicadellinae (n = 2,344; 23 species), Gyponinae (n = 1,327; 9 species), Deltocephalinae (n = 147; 1 species) and Coelidinae (n = 13; 1 species). The sharpshooter (Cicadellinae) specimens were divided in the tribes Cicadellini (n = 1,606; 12 species) and Proconiini (n = 738; 11 species). Among the sharpshooters, 5 species of Cicadellini (Bucephalogonia xanthophis, Dilobopterus dispar, Macugonalia cavifrons and the morpho-species Cicadellini sp. 1) and 5 of Proconiini (Molomea consolida, Oncometopia facialis, Oncometopia fusca and Tapajosa rubromarginata) are prevalent in vineyards of Rio Grande do Sul based on the faunistic indices. In the vineyards of Pernambuco State, a different species composition and a lower diversity of sharpshooters were found. A total of 4,106 leafhopper specimens were trapped, distributed in two subfamilies: Cicadellinae (n = 4,106; 4 species) and Gyponinae (n = 12; 2 species). H. spottii was the most abundant sharpshooter, with 3,965 specimens. The periods of higher sharpshooter populations in the vineyards are from October to August in Rio Grande do Sul, and from January to June in Pernambuco. The possibility of transmission of a Citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC) strain of X. fastidiosa from citrus to grape was tested by using the sharpshooter B. xanthophis as a vector. No transmission to the test plants was recorded, suggesting that the CVC strain may not establish systemic infections in grape after vector inoculation. However, the diversity and abundance of native sharpshooters found in Rio Grande do Sul and Pernambuco indicate a high risk of PD spread in vineyards if a pathogenic strain of X. fastidiosa to grapes evolves or is introduced in Brazil.
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Bellemare, Mario. "Prophetic asceticism in the wilderness, dilemmas of liberation and inculturation in the interreligious paradigms of Aloysius Pieris S. J." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0004/MQ43835.pdf.
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Andradi, Norbert. "Towards an Asian theology of revelation based on the theology of religions of D. S. Amalorpavadass and A. Pieris." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9792.
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Pieper, Michael J. [Verfasser], and Svetlozar T. [Akademischer Betreuer] Račev. "Advanced Text Mining Methods for the Financial Markets and Forecasting of Intraday Volatility / Michael J. Pieper. Betreuer: S. T. Rachev." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1018232648/34.
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PAGLIARULO, CARLA. "I. Giordani, uomo di lettere e di cultura, e l'ideale di un «cristianesimo integrale»: alcuni carteggi indediti." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1795.
Full textAbstract:
La tesi ha lo scopo di inquadrare Giordani nel contesto del mondo culturale cattolico tra le due guerre e di approfondire la sua proposta di «cristianesimo integrale» come soluzione alla crisi che negli anni Venti e Trenta viziò il mondo economico, il sistema politico e lo scenario culturale, a livello di principi fondamentali, di valori. Per questo si è dato assoluto rilievo ai rapporti di Giordani con molti intellettuali suoi contemporanei e con varie istituzioni culturali cattoliche.
Il testo segue dapprima un indirizzo biografico, che permette di ripercorrere la vita di Giordani dalla giovinezza, segnata dalla guerra e dall’esperienza al fronte, alla sua serena fine, nel 1980. Si tratta di una testimonianza di come la sua conseguenzialità tra fede e opere abbia inciso negli ambienti che lo hanno visto protagonista, tanto che è stato avviato per lui il processo di beatificazione.
La ricerca è stata condotta tenendo conto degli scritti di Giordani e della storiografia precedente, ma soprattutto utilizzando numerosi materiali d’archivio. In particolare i carteggi privati aiutano a ricostruire l’operato di Giordani a favore dell’impegno degli intellettuali cattolici negli anni oscuri del fascismo e la sua indefessa attività per la realizzazione di un nuovo umanesimo.
Altro spazio è stato riservato ai rapporti maturati da Giordani con due esponenti del mondo cattolico italiano di quel periodo, ovvero Giovanni Papini e Piero Bargellini.This dissertation aims at setting Igino Giordani within the broader framework of the catholic cultural environment between the two world wars. It focuses on his proposal of an «integral Christianity» as a solution to the recession which threatened the fundamental values and principles of the economy, politics and culture during the 1920's and 1930's. This is the reason why the relationships between Giordani and many of his colleagues and cultural catholic institutions have been studied in depth. The work starts with a biography, underlining how Giordani's youth has been affected by the war and the experience as a soldier, up to his peaceful death, in 1980. His life shows how the consistency of his actions with his faith made him an influent personality in his working environments, to the point that the beatification process has begun. The research is based on Giordani's writings and on the previous historiography, but the most important source is constituted by a large number of archive documents. Particularly, Giordani's private correspondence has been very useful in understanding how he acted in order to support the engagement of the catholic intellectuals during the dark fascist age and his endless activity in order to build a new humanism. The work also focuses on the relationships between Giordani and two members of the Italian catholic world of the time: Giovanni Papini and Piero Bargellini.
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Chen, Yi-jiun, and 陳怡君. "Japonisme in Pierre Bonnard''s art." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57290011413221904149.
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碩士國立屏東教育大學
視覺藝術教育學系
99
In the Nineteenth Century, the importation of Japanese Art in Europe was all the range and inspired artists, especially Japanese Ukiyo-e. It shocked the western with different culture, and combined with the nineteenth century weastern art to become popular and to develop “Japonisme”. In France, Japonisme influenced Avant-Garde the most. Pierre Bonnard is called Nabi japonard in Nadis. This papers wants to discuss how a foreign culture influences an artist. Japanese Art inspires Bonnard. Japonisme is a kind of insernation in art style, not just copying and imitation without any thought. The nature of Bonnard’s painting is decoration and platness. The presentation with colorful block and usage of decoration pattern in his painting result of Japanese Art inspiration. Beside, the Japonisme influence in Bonnard’s painting includes the usage of line , the composition, the similar elements with Japanese Ukiyo-e, and the frequent employment of kakimono scroll.
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chih, Hsiao Hsu, and 蕭旭智. "The epistemology of Pierre Bourdieu''s Practical theory." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43588876113628113010.
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Sedinová, Monika. "Význam fyzioterapie v prognóze pacientů s Pierre Robinovou sekvencí." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-387793.
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Clefts of orofacial komplex are the most common birth development defects. One of them is Pierre Robin sequence, which is characterized by presence of micrognathia, glossoptosis and upper airway obstruction. Because of these symptoms, isolated cleft palate "U" or "V" shaped can be part of the diagnose. Other clinical manifestations are feeding difficulties, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and / or gastroesophageal reflux disease. The aim of the treatment is to secure the airway and the child's thriving after birth by using conservative or invasive treatment methods. Choosing of methods and procedures should be established by multidisciplinary cooperation. The other part of diploma thesis is trying to find out, which clinical manifestation are the most common in patients from the Czech Republic compare to foreign patients and the differences in management of the treatment. Furthermore we are trying to investigate, whether there is higher percentage of patients with delayed neuromotor development among PRS patients, which are under physical therapy. The last part is trying to find out the relationship between the poor posture and PRS diagnose in children age 4 - 6 years.
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Dubois, Vicky. "L'écho du féminisme dans les chansons de Jean-Pierre Ferland et de Jim Corcoran." Thèse, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/17268.
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Whitely, Leeanne. "Youth(s), Truth(s), and Pierre Bourdieu: Taking Another (Closer) Look at At-risk Youth Intervention Programs." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/25683.
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This thesis contributes to the ongoing conversation on at-risk youth intervention programs as a site of struggle for, resistance to, and negotiation of the cultural politics of youth. Thinking with Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of practice, particularly his concepts of doxa and field, I pose new questions that trouble youth as truth to suggest an alternate way of imagining youth as a struggle. A case study of one at-risk youth intervention program serves to make visible the ways in which historical and political narratives of youth(s) and truth(s) inform, pressure, constrain, shape at-risk youth intervention programs by implicitly defining and redefining the problem, prescribing the solution, recommending best practice, and works to draw connections between youth(s), truth(s), and social space.
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Kotíková, Irena. "Kalibrace fluorescenčních detektorů kosmického záření s použitím astronomických metod." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-311055.
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This diploma thesis examines the possibilities of a new method of astronomical calibration at the Pierre Auger Observatory in Argentina. Its goal is to use stars as objects with known brightness to calibrate the fluorescence detectors and compare these results with the existing calibration. The analysis was done using computer programs which use the star catalog and experimental background data to compare the current calibration with our method. Results that are presented conclude that the calibration using stars is consistent with the existing calibration, however, the error of the new method is much higher. Nevertheless, there is a good potential for scale - it could be used for all past and future data. Potential improvements to this method and its error are suggested.
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Mao-lung, Peng, and 彭懋龍. "Gaston Bachelard''s imagination and his pratice in the Jean-Pierre Jeunet''s Le Fabuleux Destin d’Amélie Poulain." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98395244151455259545.
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碩士淡江大學
法國語文學系碩士班
95
Gaston Bachelard’s imagination is our fundamental theory of this thesis, we try to develop a new vision conbiming Bachelard’s theory of imagination and study of film. In point of vue of Bachelard to read Jean-Pierre Jeunet’s Le Fabuleux Destin d’Améliie Poulain/ Améliie (2001), to study the coherence between imagination and cinema. Bachelard think the relation between image and imagination is like action and reaction. And we try to show some sequence of film to testify Bachelard’s theory of imagination, such like:imagination of material,imagination of dynamics, correspondence material,poetic space etc. Bacheiard’s notion of intimacy is a key word for understanding his theory about imagination. And we also try to read Améliie in a new perspective of the creative will of a poet, to escape from the habit of positive spirit, to explore the inner world of our heart and our sensory feeling. This thesis divides into tree chapters: Chapter one is “Notion of imagination”, describe the idea of Bachelard’s imagination. Chapter two “Poetic of reverie and Amélie, a dreamer”and Chapter three “ Read the poetic space in Le Fabuleux Destin d’Améliie Poulain”, we discussed the practical part of theory in Amélie.
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Hofmannová, Oldřiška. "Porodní hmotnost u novorozenců s orofaciálními rozštěpy." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-352206.
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Orofacial clefts are frequent congenital anomalies. A combination of genetic and environmental factors contributes to their formation. Orofacial clefts together with growth retardation belong among the indicators of embryo toxicity. This thesis is focused on the potential relationship between birth weight and orofacial clefts of newborns born in Czech Republic. The non-syndromic cleft lip, cleft lip and palate, isolated cleft palate and patients with Pierre-Robin sequence are discussed here. Evaluation of the relationship between the birth weight and orofacial clefts was performed on the base of statistical analysis. The differences were tested in children with different types of orofacial clefts and in cleft patients compared to healthy control. Statistical analysis of variance demonstrated that the type and severity of the cleft (unilateral/ bilateral) does not affect birth weight of newborns with orofacial clefts. Newborns with non-syndromic clefts had reduced birth weight in comparison to healthy controls. Cleft patients with Pierre-Robin sequence (syndromic form of cleft) did not differ in birth weight from healthy children. To verify the results obtained in patients with orofacial clefts that the birth weight is lower in these patients compared to control, two experiments on a chicken model...
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Blažek, Jiří. "Spršky kosmického záření s anomálními podélnými profily." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-335544.
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Title: Cosmic Ray Showers with Anomalous Longitudinal Profile Author: Jiří Blažek Department: Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University Supervisor: RNDr. Petr Trávníček, Ph.D., Institute of Physics ASCR Abstract: The aim of this work was to study high-energy cosmic ray showers with anomalous longitudinal profiles generated by Monte-Carlo simulation and subse- quently use the acquired analysis techniques on results from the Pierre Auger Observatory (PAO) in Argentina. Firstly, a short introduction of various de- scriptions of the extensive air showers was given. Then a systematic analysis was performed on approx. 7 × 105 simulated showers with three different tech- niques. A brief explanation of the functionality of the PAO was given, then the importance of monitoring the immediate state of the atmosphere using the Shoot- the-Shower program was elucidated and the FRAM telescope was described in detail. FRAM enabled an identification of showers with a clear atmospheric back- ground, this sample of showers was then analyzed and several interesting events warranting a further study were chosen. Keywords: Pierre Auger Observatory, Extensive Air Showers, Chemical Compo- sition, Anomalous Longitudinal Profile, Gaisser-Hillas Function
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Yu, Chang-Han, and 余昌翰. "A Study of Cinema Narrative Style in Jean-Pierre Jeunet''s "Un long dimanche de fiancailles"." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00639795313539533146.
Full textAbstract:
碩士淡江大學
法國語文學系碩士班
99
Jean – Pierre Jeunet is a famous contemporary French director known for his popular and strange films, sometimes bizarre, sometimes sweet. He is good at telling a touching story with a good sense of humor. His movie was critical and box office success, and won several awards at major international film festivals, including the Best Film award at the French César Awards and Oscar nominations. In 1974, Jeunet got acquainted with his work partner Marc Caro. They have same interest: comic book, animation and movie. Then, they started to work together to shoot their own movie, made several short movies and two feature movies. Jeunet and Caro divided responsibilities with the former guiding the actors and the latter coordinating the artistic elements. Success of those movies brought them widespread international attention, thus Jeunet got an invitation to direct movie in Hollywood. After that, Jeunet came back to France in order to make his personal movie. He changed the tone, narrative style from his earlier films and used many romantic comedy elements. It also used so much imagination and visual effects that brought audiences into the world of whimsy. This movie made the biggest worldwide success of French cinema history, and surprised Jeunet took an adaptation of the novel written by Sébastien Japrisot, Un long dimanche de fiançailles. This thesis divides into tree chapters: Chapter one is “Cinema narrative theory”, to explain those ideas of Propp, Gréimas, Genette and Metz. Chapter two “Career and filmography of Jeunet” is introduce of Jeunet’s films. In Chapter three “A study of the film: Un long dimanche de fiançailles”, we discussed the structure and characters of this movie to find narrative style and magic of Jeunet.