Relevant bibliographies by topics / Piezoceramic elements

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Piezoceramic elements'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 May 2022
Last updated: 30 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Piezoceramic elements"

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Paerand, Yurii, and Oleh Zakhozhai. "Increasing the Piezoactivity of Manufactured Composite Piezoceramic Transformers by Combining the Processes of Soldering and Polarization." Electrical, Control and Communication Engineering 17, no. 1 (2021): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ecce-2021-0009.

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Abstract The article is devoted to solving the problem of ensuring high piezoactivity of composite piezoceramic transformers, in which the component parts are connected by soldering. The existing connection features have been analysed for the elements of composite piezoceramic transformers and the results have shown that during soldering the piezoceramic elements are exposed to thermal shock leading to depolarization of piezoceramics and deterioration of its piezoelectric properties. Diminution of temperature depolarizing effect is possible using low-temperature solders with a high tin content. However, in this case, the diffusion process of the electrode material of the piezoelectric element into the solder increases and the mechanical connection strength decreases. To eliminate these negative phenomena and solve the problem, a new method has been developed for connecting elements of composite piezoceramic transformers by soldering, where a polarizing voltage is applied to the composite piezoceramic transformer when heating and cooling, which prevents depolarization of the domain structure of piezoceramic elements. At the same time, high temperature ensures that polarization is carried out at lower values of the electric tension, and a more mobile domain structure after polarization has a lower level of coercive forces and, accordingly, a greater stability of parameters ov er time. Experimental verification has shown that the relative resonance gap increases by 6 % with a decrease in the dispersion of this value by 12 %, which indicates an increase in piezoactivity and stability of the characteristics of composite piezoceramic transformers manufactured using the solution above.
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Salowitz, Nathan Picchietti, Sang-Jong Kim, Fotis Kopsaftopoulos, Yu-Hung Li, and Fu-Kuo Chang. "Design and analysis of radially polarized screen-printed piezoelectric transducers." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 28, no. 7 (2016): 934–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x16666177.

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Piezoelectric transducers have applications from ultrasonic structural health monitoring to micro-electromechanical systems. Small physical size coupled with large actuation is desirable in many applications, requiring unique transducer designs to take advantage of the material properties. Screen-printed piezoceramics were developed as a means of mass producing mezzo-scale transducers that are geometrically small and light weight, but large enough to generate significant actuation. Screen-printed piezoceramic transducers display significantly different properties than chemically identical bulk ceramic elements, largely attributed to high void fraction of screen-printed piezoceramic materials and detrimental to the functionality of traditional transducer designs. This article presents analysis, simulation, and initial testing of new designs for screen-printed piezoceramic transducers with concentric through-thickness electrodes. Analytical models were developed enabling analysis across material properties and design parameters. Analytical results were verified against finite element models for some designs. Prototypes were created and underwent initial testing to assess the properties of the design.
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Müller, Benedikt, Alexander Pierer, Marek Schmidt, et al. "In-Process Monitoring of Joining Operations for Piezoceramic Elements." Key Engineering Materials 742 (July 2017): 800–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.742.800.

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The direct integration of piezo elements into micro-structured aluminum sheets is a new approach for adaptronics and lightweight constructions. With the integration of the active piezoceramic elements the aluminum sheets gain sensor and actuator functionalities. The mechanical interconnections and the preload of the piezoceramic elements are an important issue for the sensor and actuator capability of the later smart material. Post-process inspection methods to characterize the mechanical interconnection of the joining partners and the performance of the transducer after the joining operation are state of the art. Scope of the paper is the development of a novel in-process monitoring method that utilizes the piezoceramic transducer as inherent sensor for failure mode detection and preload evaluation during the joining by forming operation. Within this study, results of forming experiments with array batches of interconnected piezoceramic elements are presented. The piezoceramic batches are electrically contacted inside the joining tool and utilized as material inherent sensor during joining by forming experiments. Test samples are characterized by impedance spectroscopy during the joining operation. Based on the experimental results, a novel in-process-monitoring method utilizing the piezoceramic joining partners as inherent sensor is outlined. It is shown, that with this method a sufficient preload can be adjust on the basis of the intensity of the resonance peak without an overload. Furthermore, error effects to the transducer can be detected at an early stage.
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Madorsky, V. V., I. E. Rogov, and A. V. Skrylev. "Experimental determination of the complete set of constants of polarized piezoceramics on a single ring-shaped sample." Izmeritel`naya Tekhnika, no. 12 (2019): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.32446/0368-1025it.2019-12-20-25.

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Variants of the practical application of the method developed in [1] for determining the complete set of piezoceramic constants on a single ring-shaped sample are considered. Using a virtual machine experiment conducted on the ANSYS finite element modeling software package, a complete set of constants was calculated for PZT4 piezoceramics. To increase the information content, the frequency of the second overtone of the ring radial vibrations was measured taking into account its thickness. The error in determining the constants did not exceed 1%. The influence of the quality factor on the determination of the constants of piezoceramics is studied. It is shown that when using formulas for calculating the constants of piezoceramics, regardless of the quality factory values, it is necessary to determine the resonance frequencies from the maximum of active conductivity. For PKP-12 piezoceramics, experimental studies were carried out and the values of the piezoceramic moduli were calculated by the resonance – antiresonance method for piezoelectric elements of three sizes, as well as by the developed method for one sample in the form of a ring. A good agreement was obtained between the results found by different methods. The thickness resonance is investigated, a technique for its measurement is developed.
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Nasedkin, Andrey, and Mohamed Elsayed Nassar. "Effective properties of a porous inhomogeneously polarized by direction piezoceramic material with full metalized pore boundaries: Finite element analysis." Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 10, no. 05 (2020): 2050018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010135x20500186.

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This paper concerns the homogenization problems for porous piezocomposites with infinitely thin metalized pore surfaces. To determine the effective properties, we used the effective moduli method and the finite element approaches, realized in the ANSYS package. As a simple model of the representative volume, we applied a unit cell of porous piezoceramic material in the form of a cube with one spherical pore. We modeled metallization by introducing an additional layer of material with very large permittivity coefficients along the pore boundary. Then we simulated the nonuniform polarization field around the pore. For taking this effect into account, we previously solved the electrostatic problem for a porous dielectric material with the same geometric structure. From this problem, we obtained the polarization field in the porous piezomaterial; after that, we modified the material properties of the finite elements from dielectric to piezoelectric with element coordinate systems whose corresponding axes rotated along the polarization vectors. As a result, we obtained the porous unit cell of an inhomogeneously polarized piezoceramic matrix. From the solutions of these homogenization problems, we observed that the examined porous piezoceramics composite with metalized pore boundaries has more extensive effective transverse and shear piezomoduli, and effective dielectric constants compared to the conventional porous piezoceramics. The analysis also showed that the effect of the polarization field inhomogeneity is insignificant on the ordinary porous piezoceramics; however, it is more significant on the porous piezoceramics with metalized pore surfaces.
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Mnerie, Dumitru, and Gabriela Victoria Mnerie. "Study on some Behavioral Particularities of the Piezoceramic Elements from the Ultrasonic Converter Construction." Advanced Materials Research 1153 (May 2019): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1153.58.

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The ultrasound processing is in continuous development, always bringing better technological solutions. Ultrasonic welding occupies an important place within this category of processing. The present study focuses on some piezoceramic materials that represent the active elements in the structure of the required energy generator on which ultrasonic welding is based in fact. Using the analytical method of investigation, several aspects of piezoceramic material structural behavior during the exploitation were followed, both at macroscopic and microscopic level. Some causes and effects of changes to their functionality have been analyzed. The paper concludes with observations and recommendations on optimizing the manufacture and use of piezoceramic materials intended for converter construction for ultrasonic welding.
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Ghosh, K., and R. C. Batra. "Shape Control of Plates using Piezoceramic Elements." AIAA Journal 33, no. 7 (1995): 1354–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/3.12427.

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Leong, E. C., J. Cahyadi, and H. Rahardjo. "Measuring shear and compression wave velocities of soil using bender–extender elements." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 46, no. 7 (2009): 792–812. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t09-026.

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Piezoceramic elements have been used for laboratory measurement of wave velocity in soil and rock specimens. Shear-wave piezoceramic elements (bender elements) are commonly used to measure shear wave velocity for the determination of small-strain shear modulus. Compression-wave piezoceramic elements (extender elements), on the other hand, are less commonly used as compression wave velocity is less frequently measured. In this paper, the performance of a pair of bender–extender elements for the determination of both shear and compression wave velocities is examined with respect to the resolution of the recorder, bender–extender element size. and excitation voltage frequency. The evaluation showed that the performance of the bender–extender elements test can be improved by considering the following conditions: (i) the digital oscilloscope used to record the bender–extender element signals should have a high analog to digital (A/D) conversion resolution; (ii) the size of the bender–extender elements plays an important role in the strength and quality of the receiver signal, especially for compression waves; and (iii) using a wave path length to wavelength ratio of 3.33 enables a more reliable determination of shear wave velocity.
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Fang, Yun Mei, and Jun Tao Fei. "Transition Probability Analysis for Piezoceramic Materials." Advanced Materials Research 452-453 (January 2012): 1286–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.452-453.1286.

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In this paper, transition probability analysis for piezoceramic actuators is presented. Nonlinear constitutive equations and resulting system models quantifying the non-linear and hysteretic field-displacement relations inherent to piezoceramic elements are developed. In the model development, lattice-level energy relations are combined with stochastic homogenization techniques to construct non-linear constitutive relations which accommodate the piezoceramic hysteresis. Simulation results demonstrated the effectiveness of the theoretical model development using transition probability analysis.
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Visvanathan, Karthik, and Yogesh B. Gianchandani. "Microheaters based on ultrasonic actuation of piezoceramic elements." Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 21, no. 8 (2011): 085030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0960-1317/21/8/085030.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Piezoceramic elements"

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Bondarenko, I. I., V. V. Medianyk, М. А. Bondarenko, and V. S. Titarenko. "Investigation of Ordered Structures Formed on the Surface of Piezoceramic Elements." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2018. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/67945.

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The impact, by the ribbon-shaped electron stream on the surface of piezoceramic elements (ZTS-19 material), with, by the thermo-vacuum deposition formed on them, ordered structures, leads to the formation in the piezoelement of zones with dimensions (220 ... 280) × (120 ... 150) mkm with different values of the piezoelectric modulus d31 and the electro-mechanical coupling coefficient К, which allows to create a piezoelectric circuit, confining itself by the volume of a separately taken piezoelement.
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Jenne, Kirk E. "Acoustic cymbal transducers-design, hydrostatic pressure compensation, and acoustic performance." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Mar%5FJenne.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Engineering Acoustics)--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2004.<br>Thesis advisor(s): Thomas R. Howarth, Dehua Huang. Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-69). Also available online.
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Geng, Twzen-Shang. "Enhancement of the Dynamic Buckling Load and Analysis of Active Constrained Layer Damping with Extension and Shear Mode Piezoceramic Actuators." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27917.

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We consider geometric and material nonlinearities when studying numerically, by the finite element method, transient three-dimensional electroelastic deformations of a graphite-epoxy square plate sandwiched between two piezoceramic (PZT) layers. Points on the four edges of the bottom surface of the plate are restrained from moving vertically. The two opposite edges of the plate are loaded by equal in-plane compressive loads that increase linearly with time and the other two edges are kept traction free. The plate material is modeled as orthotropic and neoHookean. For the transversely isotropic PZT the second Piola-Kirchhoff stress tensor and the electric displacement are expressed as second degree polynomials in the Green-St. Venant strain tensor and the electric field. Both direct and converse piezoelectric effects are accounted for in the PZT. The plate is taken to have buckled when its centroidal deflection equals three times the plate thickness. The dynamic buckling load for the plate is found to strongly depend upon the rate of rise of the applied tractions. With the maximum electric field limited to 1kV/mm, the buckling load is enhanced by 18.3$\%$ when the PZT elements are activated. For a peak electric field of 30kV/mm, the buckling load increased by 58.5$\%$. When more than 60$\%$ of the surface area of the top and the bottom surfaces of the plate are covered by the PZT layers, then square PZT elements placed symmetrically about the plate centroid provide a larger enhancement in the buckling load than rectangular shaped or cross-shaped PZT elements. An increase in the plate thickness relative to that of the PZT actuators decreases the effectiveness of the PZT in enhancing the buckling load for the plate. The finite element code was modified to also analyze, in time domain, transient deformations of a viscoelastic material for which the second Piola-Kirchhoff stress tensor is expressed as a linear functional of the strain history of the Green-St. Venant strain tensor. It was used to analyze three-dimensional deformations of a thick laminated plate with layers made of aluminum, a viscoelastic material and a PZT. The following two arrangements of layers are considered. In one case a central PZT layer is surrounded on both sides by viscoelastic layers and aluminum layers are on the outside surfaces. The PZT is poled in the longitudinal direction and an electric field is applied in the thickness direction. Thus shearing deformations of the PZT layer are dominant. In the second arrangement, the aluminum layer is in the middle and the PZT layers are on the outside. The poling direction and the electric field are in the thickness direction; thus its extensional deformations are predominant. Three indices are used to gauge the damping of motion of plate particles, and the effectiveness of PZT actuators in enhancing this damping. It is found that the optimum thickness of the viscoelastic layers for maximum total energy dissipation is the same for each set-up. Also, the total thickness of the PZT layers which results in the maximum value of one of these indices of energy dissipation is the same for the two set-ups. Both arrangements give the largest value of this index for a plate of aspect ratio 10. Buckling behavior of a sandwich plate containing a soft core is also studied. The effects of the ratio of the elastic moduli of the outer layers to those of the core, and of the core thickness on the buckling load are analyzed. The top and the bottom layers are connected by very stiff blocks on two opposite edges where in-plane compressive time-dependent tractions are applied.<br>Ph. D.
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Moore, Stephen Aerospace Civil &amp Mechanical Engineering Australian Defence Force Academy UNSW. "Structural dynamics analysis in the presence of unmeasured excitations." Awarded by:University of New South Wales - Australian Defence Force Academy. School of Aerospace, Civil and Mechanical Engineering, 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38746.

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Methods for comprehensive structural dynamic analysis generally employ input-output modal analysis with a mathematical model of structural vibration using excitation and response data. Recently operational modal analysis methods using only vibration response data have been developed. In this thesis, both input-output and operational modal analysis, in the presence of significant unmeasured excitations, is considered. This situation arises when a test structure cannot be effectively isolated from ambient excitations or where the operating environment imposes dynamically-important boundary conditions. The limitations of existing deterministic frequency-domain methods are assessed. A novel time-domain estimation algorithm, based on the estimation of a discrete-time autoregressive moving average with exogenous excitation (ARMAX) model, is proposed. It includes a stochastic component to explicitly account for unmeasured excitations and measurement noise. A criterion, based on the sign of modal damping, is incorporated to distinguish vibration modes from spurious modes due to unmeasured excitations and measurement noise, and to identify the most complete set of modal parameters from a group of estimated models. Numerical tests demonstrate that the proposed algorithm effectively identifies vibration modes even with significant unmeasured random and periodic excitations. Random noise is superimposed on response measurements in all tests. Simulated systems with low modal damping, closely spaced modes and high modal damping are considered independently. The accuracy of estimated modal parameters is good except for degreesof- freedom with a low response level but this could be overcome by appropriate placement of excitation and response measurement points. These observations are reflected in experimental tests that include unmeasured periodic excitations over 200% the level of measured excitations, unmeasured random excitations at 90% the level of measured excitations, and the superposition of periodic and random unmeasured excitations. Results indicate advantages of the proposed algorithm over a deterministic frequency domain algorithm. Piezoceramic plates are used for structural excitation in one experimental case and the limitations of distributed excitation for broadband analysis are observed and characterised in terms of actuator geometry and modal deformation. The ARMAX algorithm is extended for use with response measurements exclusively. Numerical and experimental tests demonstrate its performance using time series data and correlation functions calculated from response measurements.
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Lu, Kuo-Sheng, and 呂國聖. "Electrical Analysis and Application Study of Piezoceramic Elements." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39042845794342544445.

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碩士<br>國立聯合大學<br>電機工程學系碩士班<br>94<br>This thesis investigates an electrical transient analysis of a piezoceramic ring, an experiment of ultrasonic frictional reduction, and design and implementation of ultrasonic devices such as ring-shaped piezoelectric transformers (PTs) and a piezoelectric mobile robot. For the electrical transient analysis, an equivalent circuit of the piezoceramic ring is first expressed. Then, electrical transient responses of the piezoceramic disk and their characteristics, including maximum open-circuit voltage, oscillation frequency and time constants, are measured and simulated. For the frictional reduction, a piezoelectric element is mounted between a moving object and a sliding surface to control the friction on a moving surface of the object. Also, effects of driving voltages and operating frequencies on moving velocities and maximum coefficients of static friction are measured and discussed. For development of the PTs, any type of the PTs is fabricated on a piezoceramic ring by electrode’s configuration for forming input and output electrodes of the PT. Also, effects of load resistances and operating frequencies on voltage gains and resonance frequencies are measured and discussed. Finally, operating principle, mechanism design and performance test for the piezoelectric mobile robot are studied. The research of the piezoelectric mobile robot is focused on effects of driving voltages, operation frequencies and weights of loads on moving velocity.
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Jarvis, Kevin Donald Gibson. "The application of piezoceramic bender elements to the laboratory measurement of elastic wave velocities." Thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/3452.

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The objective of this thesis is to evaluate bender elements as a source and receiver of elastic waves in cohesionless sand. The techniques used to build the benders that are detailed include the use of an impedance analyzer to monitor changes in the electrical and mechanical response. Placing the benders in a bucket of sand demonstrated the short compact nature of the bender waveform in both a shear and compressional wave orientation. An experiment in a non-homogeneous sandbox showed the change in shear waveform with separation of the elements. A Plexiglas cylinder with benders was used to measure changes in shear and compressional wave velocity as a function of confining pressure and the saturation with water and silicon oil. The effects of friction along the walls of the cylinder resulted in an unknown and irreproducible confining stress on the sand between the benders. An experiment to study the effect of silicon oil viscosity on shear modulus was inconclusive as a result of the unknown stress condition. The bender elements proved to be an excellent source and receiver of elastic waves in cohesionless sand.
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Books on the topic "Piezoceramic elements"

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Layerwise finite elements for smart piezoceramic composite plates in thermal environments. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1996.

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K, Taleghani Barmac, and Langley Research Center, eds. Single axis piezoceramic gimbal. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1999.

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K, Taleghani Barmac, and Langley Research Center, eds. Single axis piezoceramic gimbal. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Piezoceramic elements"

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Sharapov, Valeriy. "Monomorph Piezoceramic Elements." In Piezoceramic Sensors. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15311-2_2.

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Sharapov, Valeriy, Zhanna Sotula, and Larisa Kunickaya. "Piezoceramic Elements for PEAT." In Microtechnology and MEMS. Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01198-1_2.

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Juneja, A., and M. Endait. "Characterisation of Vesicular Basalts of Mumbai Using Piezoceramic Bender Elements." In Developments in Geotechnical Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0505-4_18.

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Čepulkauskas, Algimantas, Regina Kulvietienė, and Genadijus Kulvietis. "Computer Algebra for the Formation of Structural Matrices of Piezoceramic Finite Elements." In Computational Science – ICCS 2006. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11758525_55.

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Nasedkin, Andrey, Maria Shevtsova, and Shun-Hsyung Chang. "Optimal Design of Underwater Acoustic Projector with Active Elements Made from Porous Piezoceramics." In Springer Proceedings in Physics. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03749-3_20.

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Nasedkin, Andrey V., Anna A. Nasedkina, and Amirtham Rajagopal. "Finite Element Analysis of Cymbal Transducer from Porous Piezoceramics PZT-4 with Various Material Properties." In Springer Proceedings in Physics. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78919-4_42.

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Shields, Joel, and Edward Konefat. "Modeling of Piezoceramic Actuators for Control." In Piezoelectric Actuators - Principles, Design, Experiments and Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96727.

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In this chapter a full electromechanical model of piezoceramic actuators is presented. This model allows for easy integration of the piezo stack with a structural finite element model (FEM) and includes the flow of energy into and out of the piezo element, which is governed by the transducer constant of the piezo element. Modeling of the piezo stack capacitive hysteresis is achieved using backlash basis functions. The piezo model can also be used to predict the current usage of the PZT which depends on the slew rate of the voltage applied to the PZT. Data from laboratory experiments using a load frame and free response tests is used to estimate the PZT model parameters. In addition, a simplified model of a modulated full bridge strain gauge is derived based on test data which includes the effect of intrinsic bridge imbalance. Sensors of this type are often used with feedback control to linearize the behavior of the device. Taken together, the actuator and sensor model can be used for the development of piezo actuated control algorithms.
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Hossack, J., G. Hayward, and D. Gillies. "A NEW METHOD FOR ELEMENT ANALYSIS IN PIEZOCERAMIC ARRAYS." In Ultrasonics International 87. Elsevier, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-408-02348-1.50081-0.

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Anand, Lallit, and Sanjay Govindjee. "Linear piezoelectricity." In Continuum Mechanics of Solids. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198864721.003.0018.

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This chapter presents the elements of linear piezoelectricity including mechanical and electrostatic balance laws and coupled mechanical electrical constitutive relations. The thermodynamically consistent constitutive relations are determined from a coupled electromechanical energy balance argument and expressions are given alternately considering the electric field and the electric displacement as independent fields. Appropriate electrical boundary conditions are also discussed. The theory is also specialized to poled piezoceramics. A chapter appendix provides a brief discussion of Maxwell’s equations for electromagnetics and energy transport in the quasi-static limit. A second chapter appendix discusses the properties of third order tensors.
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Conference papers on the topic "Piezoceramic elements"

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Ghosh, K., and Romesh C. Batra. "Shape control of plates using piezoceramic elements." In Symposium on Active Materials and Smart Structures: Society of Engineering Science 31st Annual Meeting, edited by Gary L. Anderson and Dimitris C. Lagoudas. SPIE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.200911.

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Wierach, P., D. Sachau, and A. Schönecker. "Design and Manufacturing of Complex Adaptive Structures With Piezoceramic Patch Actuators." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/ad-23723.

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Abstract The use of thin monolithic piezoceramic patches as actuators and sensors for adaptive structures is well known and has been described in literature. Nevertheless the manufacturing of adaptive structures is still very challenging. During the manufacturing process it is often necessary to apply high mechanical loads on the extreme brittle piezoceramic material. As a result very often cracks in the piezoceramic material make the structure uselessness. This problem becomes serious when large scale structures with many actuators and sensors are considered. To come to more reliable results the use of encapsulated piezoceramic actuators and sensors came into focus. Within the German industrial project “Adaptronik” a new modular concept has been developed to pre-encapsulate different kinds of piezoceramic materials before further processing. During this manufacturing step the piezoceramic material is provided with a mechanical stabilization, an electrical insulation, electrodes and reliable electric contacts. The multifunctional elements are characterized by an increased damage tolerance, good long term properties and an easy handling. Due to the modular concept, the multifunctional elements can be designed to meet a great variety of different requirements. This involves for example driving voltages, size and shape of the elements and the piezoceramic material itself. The manufacturing of curved elements was demonstrated. A technology to bond these elements on spatial curved surfaces and to integrate them into fiber composite structures was developed. Experiments have been carried out to investigate the active and passive properties of the multifunctional elements and their interaction with structural components.
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Maatta and Weed. "Investigation Of Piezoceramic Flexure Elements For The Transfer Of Tactile Information." In Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.1992.589668.

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Maatta, David G., and Herman R. Weed. "Investigation of piezoceramic flexure elements for the transfer of tactile information." In 1992 14th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.1992.5761893.

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Chen, Peter C., and Inderjit Chopra. "Induced strain actuation of composite beams and rotor blades with embedded piezoceramic elements." In 1994 North American Conference on Smart Structures and Materials, edited by Nesbitt W. Hagood. SPIE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.175176.

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Proulx, Bruno, Y. St-Amant, and Li Cheng. "Active control of plates using integrated piezoceramic elements of various shape: modeling and experiments." In 5th Annual International Symposium on Smart Structures and Materials, edited by Mark E. Regelbrugge. SPIE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.316939.

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Alexander, Paul W., and Diann Brei. "The Design Tradeoffs of Linear Functionally Graded Piezoceramic Actuators." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-42723.

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It is common practice to reduce the voltage level within piezoelectric actuators by utilizing multiple layers, typically bonded together. Unfortunately, this has a tendency to result in device failure due to delamination. For example, with benders the typical lifetime is 105 to 106 cycles, limiting its use in practical applications. This poses an interesting design tradeoff: the stroke is increased due to sharper gradients between material layers; however, the higher gradients lead to high stress concentrations at those interfaces. One approach to reducing these stresses is to grade the material properties through a monolithic piece of piezoceramic so that no interfaces or bonding elements exist, but this comes at the cost of stroke. This paper explores the design tradeoff inherent to monolithic functionally graded piezoelectrics. An analytical free-displacement model for a monolithic piezoceramic beam with a generic gradient is derived. Key to this is the inclusion of the complex electric field distribution which rises from the non-homogeneous material properties. This model is used along with finite element models to examine the effect of continuous linear and stepwise material gradients on the displacement performance as well as the stress levels. The study shows that using monolithic functionally graded piezocermics can significantly reduce the stresses with only a minor impact on the device stroke.
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8

Thirupathi, Sridhar R., and Nagi G. Naganathan. "Use of Piezoceramic Actuation for Automotive Active Suspension Mechanisms: A Feasibility Study." In ASME 1992 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1992-0220.

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Abstract Active suspension for automobiles involves an active control of wheel motions. This work investigates the possibility of realizing controlled wheel motion for an active suspension using piezoceramic actuation. The proposed concept deviates significantly from conventional practice of using heavier, hydraulic actuators. Rather than accomplising the wheel motion using the direct stroke of an actuator, the motion is to be realized by actively modifying the stiffness of the suspension system using piezoceramic sensing and actuation. Preliminary analysis and experimentation are performed to test the above concept. Two candidate designs are presented for composite piezoceramic suspension elements. It is shown that it is possible to control suspension system deflections through sufficient motion ranges necessary for this application.
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9

Seemann, Wolfgang E., Kai Wolf, and Peter Hagedorn. "Comparison of Refined Beam Theory and FEM for Piezo-Actuated Structures." In ASME 1997 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc97/vib-3838.

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Abstract For piezo-actuated structures a refined beam theory is introduced. In order to compare the analysis with previous investigations also the simple pin-force models are presented. The results obtained by these simple models for the static deflection agree well with the results obtained by the refined beam theory. However, the simple models are unable to predict the shear stress distribution in the bonding layer. Assuming ideal bonding between the piezoceramic elements and the beam a first approximation of the stress distribution in the bonding layer may be obtained by the refined beam theory. The results for the static case can be compared with results obtained by FEM. Especially for transient excitation of the piezoceramics the refined beam theory seems to have advantages in comparison with FEM.
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10

Rose, Michael. "Modal Based Correction Methods for the Placement of Piezoceramic Modules." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-80789.

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Conventional Finite-Element programs are able to compute the vibration response of mechanical structures. Increasingly also so-called multi-field problems can be solved. For piezoelectric actuators and sensors, electrical degrees of freedom apart from the mechanical ones have to be considered too. The pure actuator effect can also be modelled using the coefficients of thermal expansion. But regarding the optimal placement of flat piezoceramic modules, which couple in the mechanical part through the d31-effect, it proves to be advantageous to consider them after doing the computational complex modal analysis. In this paper, this modal coupling approach is described in detail. It introduces an additional modelling error, because the effect of the stiffness and mass of the modules is not considered in the construction process of the functional space, from which modal shapes are derived. But due to the comparatively small contribution to the global mass and stiffness of such flat devices, this additional error can generally be accepted. Furthermore this error can be reduced to an arbitrarily small amount, if the number of retained eigenmodes is increased and the gain in computational speed is significant. For the calculations, self-written triangle elements with full electro-mechanical coupling have been used, being coded completely in MATLAB. Finally the optimization procedure for the placement of the piezoceramic modules including their mass and stiffness is demonstrated for a test structure.
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