Relevant bibliographies by topics / Piezoelectric

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Piezoelectric'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 January 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Piezoelectric"

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Umer, Usama, Mustufa Haider Abidi, Syed Hammad Mian, Fahad Alasim, and Mohammed K. Aboudaif. "Effects of Silica Nanoparticles on the Piezoelectro-Elastic Response of PZT-7A–Polyimide Nanocomposites: Micromechanics Modeling Technique." Polymers 16, no. 20 (October 10, 2024): 2860. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16202860.

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By using piezoelectric materials, it is possible to convert clean and renewable energy sources into electrical energy. In this paper, the effect on the piezoelectro-elastic response of piezoelectric-fiber-reinforced nanocomposites by adding silica nanoparticles into the polyimide matrix is investigated by a micromechanical method. First, the Ji and Mori–Tanaka models are used to calculate the properties of the nanoscale silica-filled polymer. The nanoparticle agglomeration and silica–polymer interphase are considered in the micromechanical modeling. Then, considering the filled polymer as the matrix and the piezoelectric fiber as the reinforcement, the Mori–Tanaka model is used to estimate the elastic and piezoelectric constants of the piezoelectric fibrous nanocomposites. It was found that adding silica nanoparticles into the polymer improves the elastic and piezoelectric properties of the piezoelectric fibrous nanocomposites. When the fiber volume fraction is 60%, the nanocomposite with the 3% silica-filled polyimide exhibits 39%, 31.8%, and 37% improvements in the transverse Young’s modulus ET, transverse shear modulus GTL, and piezoelectric coefficient e31 in comparison with the composite without nanoparticles. Furthermore, the piezoelectro-elastic properties such as ET, GTL, and e31 can be improved as the nanoparticle diameter decreases. However, the elastic and piezoelectric constants of the piezoelectric fibrous nanocomposites decrease once the nanoparticles are agglomerated in the polymer matrix. A thick interphase with a high stiffness enhances the nanocomposite’s piezoelectro-elastic performance. Also, the influence of volume fractions of the silica nanoparticles and piezoelectric fibers on the nanocomposite properties is studied.
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WAN, YONGPING, and LIANGLIANG FAN. "MODELING THE PIEZOELECTRIC d33 COEFFICIENT OF THE CELLULAR PIEZOELECTRET FILM BY FINITE ELEMENT METHOD." Modern Physics Letters B 25, no. 31 (November 21, 2011): 2343–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984911027558.

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The piezoelectric d33 coefficient of voided charged polypropylene film is much pronounced, which can be as large as that of PZT ceramics. The piezoelectric effect originates from the electric field of distributed charges that is coupled with elastic deformation of the host matrix. For modeling the piezoelectric effect of cellular piezoelectret, we present a finite element model for the electrostatic analysis and the solution of elastic deformation. Qualitative analysis of piezoelectric d33 coefficient is given with respect to various parameters including material constants, void geometry and charge density. Quantitative comparison shows that this finite element model can simulate the inflation experiments of cellular piezoelectret very well. This finite element model is believed to be conducive to the optimization design of cellular piezoelectret, where the analysis is generally encountered for the piezoelectret with complex microstructures.
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Zhang, He Bin, Zhong Hua Zhang, Ya Ding Jin, Hui Lun Jiang, Lin Jun Fan, and Xue Cai Yu. "Experimental Study on Tertiary Piezoelectric Effect of X-Cut Quartz Crystal." Key Engineering Materials 620 (August 2014): 134–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.620.134.

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This Paper has analyzed the relationship between the generation of multiple piezoelectric effects and boundary conditions of piezoelectrics and the experiments have studied tertiary piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric quartz which is applied extensively in engineering practice. We processed our experiment by piezoelectric quartz crystal unit made by two pieces of X-cut piezoelectric quartz, parallel connected it to a capacitor with the equivalent capacitance of about 1,000 times of that of piezoelectric quartz crystal unit and then got the result of pure primary piezoelectric effect excluding tertiary induced effect; then compared it with conventional primary piezoelectric effect and concluded that tertiary piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric quartz is about 1.7% of primary piezoelectric effect; thus quantified longitudinally tertiary piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric quartz crystal, concluded that piezoelectric coefficient of tertiary effect of X-cut piezoelectric quartz is about 0.04 pC/N by experiment and got relative uncertainty and standard uncertainty of the results by such experiment methods respectively as 9.49×10-3and 1.37×10-2. This study on tertiary piezoelectric effect has provided a new approach for improving precision and sensitivity of piezoelectric sensors.
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Zhang, Zhong Hua, Guang Ming Cheng, Jun Wu Kan, Ping Zeng, and Jian Ming Wen. "The Influence of Multiple Piezoelectric Effects on Elastic Coefficient of Piezoelectric Ceramics." Advanced Materials Research 305 (July 2011): 348–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.305.348.

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The development of new materials and the performance improvement of existing materials become an important subject from different aspects. In this paper, based on the theoretical research results of multiple piezoelectric effects, the influence of multiple piezoelectric effects on elastic coefficient of piezoelectric ceramics is studied. Theoretical analysis indicates that it is multiple piezoelectric effects that make piezoelectrics have two kinds of elastic and they result in the decrease of elastic compliance coefficients. Experimental validation is performed through PZT-5. Experimental results show that elastic compliance coefficient grows decreased by 0.912 times.
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Zengtao Yang and Jiashi Yang. "Connected Vibrating Piezoelectric Bimorph Beams as a Wide-band Piezoelectric Power Harvester." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 20, no. 5 (November 28, 2008): 569–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x08100042.

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We analyze coupled flexural vibration of two elastically and electrically connected piezoelectric beams near resonance for converting mechanical vibration energy to electrical energy. Each beam is a so-called piezoelectric bimorph with two layers of piezoelectrics. The 1D equations for bending of piezoelectric beams are used for a theoretical analysis. An exact analytical solution to the beam equations is obtained. Numerical results based on the solution show that the two resonances of individual beams can be tuned as close as desired by design when they are connected to yield a wide-band electrical output. Therefore, the structure can be used as a wide-band piezoelectric power harvester.
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Vazquez, Irma Rocio, Zeynel Guler, and Nathan Jackson. "Enhancing Manufacturability of SU-8 Piezoelectric Composite Films for Microsystem Applications." Micromachines 15, no. 3 (March 14, 2024): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi15030397.

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Piezoelectric thin films are extensively used as sensing or actuating layers in various micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) applications. However, most piezoelectrics are stiff ceramics, and current polymer piezoelectrics are not compatible with microfabrication due to their low Curie Temperature. Recent polymer-composite piezoelectrics have gained interest but can be difficult to pattern. Photodefinable piezoelectric films could resolve these challenges by reducing the manufacturability steps by eliminating the etching process. But they typically have poor resolution and thickness properties. This study explores methods of enhancing the manufacturability of piezoelectric composite films by optimizing the process parameters and synthesis of SU-8 piezo-composite materials. Piezoelectric ceramic powders (barium titanate (BTO) and lead zirconate titanate (PZT)) were integrated into SU-8, a negative epoxy-based photoresist, to produce high-resolution composites in a non-cleanroom environment. I-line (365 nm) light was used to enhance resolution compared to broadband lithography. Two variations of SU-8 were prepared by thinning down SU-8 3050 and SU-8 3005. Different weight percentages of the piezoelectric powders were investigated: 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt.% along with varied photolithography processing parameters. The composites’ transmittance properties were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy and the films’ crystallinity was determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The 0–3 SU-8/piezo composites demonstrated resolutions < 2 μm while maintaining bulk piezoelectric coefficients d33 > 5 pm V−1. The films were developed with thicknesses >10 μm. Stacked layers were achieved and demonstrated significantly higher d33 properties.
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Park, D. S., M. Hadad, L. M. Riemer, R. Ignatans, D. Spirito, V. Esposito, V. Tileli, et al. "Induced giant piezoelectricity in centrosymmetric oxides." Science 375, no. 6581 (February 11, 2022): 653–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abm7497.

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Piezoelectrics are materials that linearly deform in response to an applied electric field. As a fundamental prerequisite, piezoelectric materials must have a noncentrosymmetric crystal structure. For more than a century, this has remained a major obstacle for finding piezoelectric materials. We circumvented this limitation by breaking the crystallographic symmetry and inducing large and sustainable piezoelectric effects in centrosymmetric materials by the electric field–induced rearrangement of oxygen vacancies. Our results show the generation of extraordinarily large piezoelectric responses [with piezoelectric strain coefficients ( d 33 ) of ~200,000 picometers per volt at millihertz frequencies] in cubic fluorite gadolinium-doped CeO 2− x films, which are two orders of magnitude larger than the responses observed in the presently best-known lead-based piezoelectric relaxor–ferroelectric oxide at kilohertz frequencies. These findings provide opportunities to design piezoelectric materials from environmentally friendly centrosymmetric ones.
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CHEN, YU, YUMEI WEN, and PING LI. "CHARACTERIZATIONS OF DISSIPATION FACTORS IN PIEZOELECTRIC CERAMIC DISCS UNDER STRESS AND TEMPERATURE." International Journal of Information Acquisition 01, no. 04 (December 2004): 327–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219878904000306.

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Losses in piezoelectrics are considered in general consisting of three different parts: Dielectric, elastic and piezoelectric losses. A method to analyze losses in piezoelectrics uses three dissipation factors to represent the corresponding losses by introducing complex coefficients into Mason's equivalent electric circuit. We establish a model of a piezoelectric ceramic disc utilizing the method mentioned above, and then the relationships between the complex coefficients and the equivalent circuit parameters are obtained. Derived from the piezoelectric equations with complex coefficients, the dissipation factors are related to the equivalent circuit parameters. The experiments give the effects of the temperature and the stress applied on the piezoelectric ceramic disc separately. It is shown that three dissipation factors exhibit different responses to the stress and temperature. Based on the theory of lattice phase and the theory that losses are considered to consist of four portions: Domain wall motion; fundamental lattice portion; microstructure portion and conductivity portion, the phenomenology of losses variations with the temperature and stress is explained.
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Uchino, Kenji. "Piezoelectric Devices in the Sustainable Society." Sustainability in Environment 4, no. 4 (September 11, 2019): p181. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/se.v4n4p181.

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Our 21st century faces to a “sustainable society”, which enhances (a) usage of non-toxic materials, (b) disposal technology for existing hazardous materials, (c) reduction of contamination gas, (d) environmental monitoring system, (e) new energy source creation, and (f) energy-efficient device development in the piezoelectric area. With reducing their size, the electromagnetic components reduce their efficiency drastically. Thus, piezoelectric transducers with much less losses are highly sought recently. Piezoelectric devices seem to be all-around contributors and a key component to the above mentioned five R&D areas. Some of the efforts include: (a) Since the most popular piezoelectric lead zirconate titante ceramics will be regulated in European and Asian societies due to their toxicity (Pb2+ ion), lead-free piezoelectrics have been developed. (b) Since hazardous organic substances can easily be dissolved by the ultrasonic irradiation in water, a new safe disposal technology using piezoelectric transducers has been developed. (c) We demonstrated an energy recovery system on a hybrid car from its engine’s mechanical vibration to the rechargeable battery. (d) Micro ultrasonic motors based on piezoelectrics demonstrated 1/20 reduction in the volume and a 20-time increase in efficiency of the conventional electromagnetic motors. This paper introduces leading piezoelectric materials, devices, and drive/control methods, relating with the above “sustainability” technologies, aiming at further research expansion in this area.
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Wang, Hui, Xiaolin Wang, Matthew Wadsworth, Mohammad Faisal Ahmed, Zhe Liu, and Changchun Zeng. "Design, Fabrication, Structure Optimization and Pressure Sensing Demonstration of COC Piezoelectret Sensor and Sensor Array." Micromachines 13, no. 8 (July 26, 2022): 1177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13081177.

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This study reported on the design and fabrication of a pseudo-piezoelectric material (piezoelectret) from cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) based on a micropillar structure. The fabrication feasibility of such structure was explored and piezoelectret with the good piezoelectric activity (characterized by quasi-static piezoelectric coefficient d33) was demonstrated. Response surface method with a central composite design was employed to investigate the effects of the structure parameter on the piezoelectric coefficient d33. An optimal structure design was obtained and was validated by experiments. With the optimal design, d33 can reach an exceptional high value of ~9000 pC/N under low pressure. The charging process and the electrical and electromechanical characteristics were further investigated by experimentation and modeling. We further demonstrated the scalability of the fabrication process and demonstrated the application of these sensors in position specific pressure sensing (pressure mapping).
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Piezoelectric"

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Yang, Xiaomei, and 楊笑梅. "Computational models for piezoelectrics and piezoelectric laminates." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31246217.

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Flynn, Anita M. "Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Micromotors." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/7086.

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This report describes development of micro-fabricated piezoelectric ultrasonic motors and bulk-ceramic piezoelectric ultrasonic motors. Ultrasonic motors offer the advantage of low speed, high torque operation without the need for gears. They can be made compact and lightweight and provide a holding torque in the absence of applied power, due to the traveling wave frictional coupling mechanism between the rotor and the stator. This report covers modeling, simulation, fabrication and testing of ultrasonic motors. Design of experiments methods were also utilized to find optimal motor parameters. A suite of 8 mm diameter x 3 mm tall motors were machined for these studies and maximum stall torques as large as 10^(- 3) Nm, maximum no-load speeds of 1710 rpm and peak power outputs of 27 mW were realized. Aditionally, this report describes the implementation of a microfabricated ultrasonic motor using thin-film lead zirconate titanate. In a joint project with the Pennsylvania State University Materials Research Laboratory and MIT Lincoln Laboratory, 2 mm and 5 mm diameter stator structures were fabricated on 1 micron thick silicon nitride membranes. Small glass lenses placed down on top spun at 100-300 rpm with 4 V excitation at 90 kHz. The large power densities and stall torques of these piezoelectric ultrasonic motors offer tremendous promis for integrated machines: complete intelligent, electro-mechanical autonomous systems mass-produced in a single fabrication process.
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Bruna, Magali. "Piezoelectric ceramic devices." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.615866.

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Leinvuo, J. "Flextensional piezoelectric motors." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.409514.

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Boestad, Albin, and Fabian Rudberg. "Piezoelectric Guitar Tuner." Thesis, KTH, Mekatronik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-296320.

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This bachelor thesis in Mechatronics account for the process of constructing an automatic guitar tuner by means of a piezo-electric sensor, a stepper motor and Arduinobased control. The E4 - string on an acoustic guitar was used as a proxy for tuning any other possible guitar string. The accuracy and tuning-speed of the construction was examined through physical experimentation. Accuracy was measured in terms of the average distance from a piezo calibrated frequency value. The tuning-speed was appraisedby counting the number of times a guitar string had to be plucked before the motor stopped within an acceptable tuning interval. The automatic guitar tuner were able to reliably get the E4 - string in tune by plucking it once within an interval of ±2 Hz and +3.8 cents and −5.1 cents from the theoretical value. The average error was −3.4 cents from the targeted value.
I följande kandidatexamensarbete kontrueras en automatisk gitarrstämmare med hjälp av en piezosensor, en stegmotor och en Arduino-mikrokontroller. E4-strängen på en akustisk gitarr användes som substitut för hur stämningsproceduren skulle kunna fungera för vilken annan gitarrsträng som helst. Noggrannheten samt stämningshastigheten undersöktes genom experiment. Genomsnittet av frekvensskillnaderna mellan de piezo-kalibrerade avläsningsvärdena och E4-strängens värden definierade måttet på noggrannhet. Hastigheten på strängstämningen beräknades i form av hur många gånger en sträng behövdes slås an innan strängen var inom ett godkänt intervall. Den automatiska gitarrstämmaren visade sig pålitiligt kunna stämma E4-strängen på ett försök inom ett noggrannhetsintervall på ±2Hz från det teoretiska värdet. Stämmaren kunde stämma inom +3.4 cents och−5.1 cents samt var var i genomsnitt −3.4 cents i från det teoretiska värdet.
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Barham, Oliver M. "Microfabricated Bulk Piezoelectric Transformers." Thesis, University of Maryland, College Park, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10615552.

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Piezoelectric voltage transformers (PTs) can be used to transform an input voltage into a different, required output voltage needed in electronic and electro- mechanical systems, among other varied uses. On the macro scale, they have been commercialized in electronics powering consumer laptop liquid crystal displays, and compete with an older, more prevalent technology, inductive electromagnetic volt- age transformers (EMTs). The present work investigates PTs on smaller size scales that are currently in the academic research sphere, with an eye towards applications including micro-robotics and other small-scale electronic and electromechanical sys- tems. PTs and EMTs are compared on the basis of power and energy density, with PTs trending towards higher values of power and energy density, comparatively, indicating their suitability for small-scale systems. Among PT topologies, bulk disc-type PTs, operating in their fundamental radial extension mode, and free-free beam PTs, operating in their fundamental length extensional mode, are good can- didates for microfabrication and are considered here. Analytical modeling based on the Extended Hamilton Method is used to predict device performance and integrate mechanical tethering as a boundary condition. This model differs from previous PT models in that the electric enthalpy is used to derive constituent equations of motion with Hamilton’s Method, and therefore this approach is also more generally applica- ble to other piezoelectric systems outside of the present work. Prototype devices are microfabricated using a two mask process consisting of traditional photolithography combined with micropowder blasting, and are tested with various output electri- cal loads. 4mm diameter tethered disc PTs on the order of .002cm

3 , two orders smaller than the bulk PT literature, had the followingperformance: a prototype with electrode area ratio (input area / output area) = 1 had peak gain of 2.3 (± 0.1), efficiency of 33 (± 0.1)% and output power density of 51.3 (± 4.0)W cm

-3 (for output power of80 (± 6)mW) at 1M? load, for an input voltage range of 3V-6V (± one standard deviation). The gain results are similar to those of several much larger bulk devices in the literature, but the efficiencies of the present devices are lower. Rectangular topology, free-free beam devices were also microfabricated across 3 or- ders of scale by volume, with the smallest device on the order of .00002cm

3 . These devices exhibited higher quality factorsand efficiencies, in some cases, compared to circular devices, but lower peak gain (by roughly 1/2 ). Limitations of the microfab- rication process are determined, and future work is proposed. Overall, the devices fabricated in the present work show promise for integration into small-scale engi- neered systems, but improvements can be made in efficiency, and potentially voltage gain, depending on the application

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Zhu, Zangyuan. "Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.581971.

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Legislation arising from health and environmental concerns has intensified research into finding suitable alternatives to lead-based electroceramics. Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) has been developed over several decades to become the market-leading piezoelectric ceramic. Lead-free solid solutions based on sodium potassium niobate, Na0.5K0.5NbO3 (NKN), show promising dielectric and piezoelectric properties. 1-2 The related (l-x)( Na0.5K0.5NbO3)-xBiScO3 binary system (NKN-BS) has been reported to exhibit maximum d33 values of 200 pCIN at 2 mol% BS.3 Similarly, an optimal d33 value has been reported for the binary NKN-LT system at 5-6 mol% LiTa03.4 In this work, a series of compositions along the compositional join in the ternary NKN-LT-BS system, extending from 0. Na0.5K0.5NbO3 -0.02BiScO3 toward LiTa03 have been prepared and characterized. A 0.98[0.98NKN - 0.02(LiTaO3)] - 0.02[BiScO3] (NKN- 2L T -2BS) composition showed enhanced piezoelectric properties, relative to similar compositions, with d33 values of 215 pCIN. This can be attributed to a phase content of mixed orthorhombic (or monoclinic) and tetragonal phases at ambient temperatures. Variable temperature X-ray diffraction (XRD), and dielectric measurements as a function of temperature, indicated phase transitions (on heating) from an orthorhombic (or monoclinic) crystal system to tetragonal and then cubic crystal systems at ~25°C and ~370°C respectively. Different types of dielectric behaviour were observed on increasing the LT content. A NKN-5%LT-2%BS composition exhibited twin dielectric peaks at high temperatures (~370°C and ~470°C), along with broad X-ray diffraction peaks and a fine grain size, < 0.5 μm. The twin dielectric peaks suggest that chemical inhomogeneities may have been present; this was examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). Elemental segregation was observed within individual grains, such that a core-shell grain structure was evident. The twin high temperature dielectric peaks are attributed to the separate response from the core and shell regions, each of which have a characteristic Curie temperature range. Subsequently, a series of other compositions were prepared in the wider Na0.5K0.5NbO3 - LiTaO3-BiScO3 ternary system. Considering the combined data from XRD, dielectric measurements, SEM, TEM and piezoelectric properties for a wide range of compositions within the NKN-rich region of the NKN-LT-BS system, materials may be grouped into three categories, exhibiting the following defining characteristics. Type I: single, sharp dielectric Curie peak (~ 370°C); single phase by XRD; large grain size (5-10μm); chemically uniform by TEM-EDX. Type II: broad, single dielectric peak (~ 350°C); single phase by XRD; large grain size; no obvious chemical segregation. Type Ila: twin, broad dielectric peak(s) (~ 370°C and ~ 470°C); broad XRD peaks; small grain size (~ O.5μm); chemical segregation (core-shell structure) identified by TEM-EDX. Reasons for the properties of these three classes of material are discussed; comparisons are drawn with other lead-free dielectrics and piezoelectrics; finally, the potential of the materials in future device applications are considered.
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De, Poumeyrol Benjamin. "Characterization of piezoelectric paint." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273485.

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Hack, Thorsten. "Stick-slip piezoelectric actuators." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.624403.

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Lai, Ming-Liang. "Developing piezoelectric biosensing methods." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2015. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6109/.

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Biosensors are often used to detect biochemical species either in the body or from collected samples with high sensitivity and specificity. Those based on piezoelectric sensing methods employ mechanically induced changes to generate an electrical response. Reliable collection and processing of these signals is an important aspect in the design of these systems. To generate the electrical response, specific recognition layers are arranged on piezoelectric substrates in such a way that they interact with target species and so change the properties of the device surface (e.g. the mass or mechanical strain). These changes generate a change in the electrical signal output allowing the device to be used as a biosensor. The characteristics of piezoelectric biosensors are that they are competitively priced, inherently rugged, very sensitive, and intrinsically reliable. In this study, a compound label-free biosensor was developed. This sensor consists of two elements: a Love wave sensor and an electrochemical impedance sensor. The novelty of this device is that it can work in both dry and wet measurement conditions. Whilst the Love wave sensor aspect of the device is sensitive to the mass of adsorbed analytes under both dry and wet conditions with high sensitivity, the sensitivity coefficients in these two conditions may be different due to the different (mechanical) strengths of interaction between the adsorbed analyte and the substrate. The impedance sensor element of the device however is less sensitive to the mechanical strength of the bond between the analyte and the sensing surface and so can be used for in-situ calibration of the number of molecules bound to the sensing surface (with either a strong or weak link): conventional Love wave sensors are not sensitive to material loosely bound to the surface. Thus, a combination of results from these two sensors can provide more information about the analyte and the accuracy of the Love wave sensor measurements in a liquid environment. The device functions with label-free molecules and so special reagents are not needed when carrying out measurements. In addition, the fabrication of the device is not too complicated and it is easy to miniaturise. This may make the system suitable for point-of-care diagnostics and bio-material detection. The substrate used in these sensors is 64°Y–X lithium niobate (LiNbO3) which is a kind of piezoelectric material. On the substrate, there is a pair of interdigital transducers (IDTs) which are composed of 100 Ti/Au split-finger pairs with a periodicity (λ) of 40μm. The acoustic path length, between both IDTs, is 200λ and the aperture between the IDTs is 100λ. On top of the substrate and IDTs, there is a PMMA guiding layer with an optimised thickness ranging from 1000 nm to 1300 nm. In addition, a gold layer with thickness 100 nm is deposited on the guiding layer to act as the electrodes for the electrochemical impedance sensor. The biosensor in this study has been used to measure Protein A, IgG, and GABA molecules. Protein A is often coupled to other molecules such as a fluorescent dye, enzymes, biotin, and colloidal gold or radioactive iodine without affecting the antibody binding site. In addition, the capacity of Protein A to bind antibodies with such high affinity is the driving motivation for its industrial scale use in biologic pharmaceuticals. Therefore, measuring Protein A binding is a useful method with which to verify the function of the biosensor. IgG is the most abundant antibody isotype found in the circulation. By binding many kinds of pathogens including viruses, bacteria, and fungi, IgG protects the body from infection. Also, IgG can bind with Protein A well so the biosensor here could also measure IgG after a Protein A layer is immobilised on the sensing area. GABA is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system. It plays an important role in regulating neuronal excitability throughout the nervous system. The conventional method to measure concentrations of GABA under the extracellular conditions is by using liquid chromatography. However, the disadvantages of chromatographic methods are baseline drift and additions of solvent and internal standards. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a simple, rapid and reliable method for direct measurement of GABA, and the sensor here is an attractive choice. When the Love wave sensor works in the liquid media, it can only be used to measure the mass of analytes but does not provide information about the conditions of molecules bound with the sensing surface. In contrast, electrochemical impedance sensing based on the diffusion of redox species to the underlying metal electrode can provide real-time monitoring of the surface coverage of bound macromolecular analytes regardless of the mechanical strength of the analyte-substrate bond: the electrochemical impedance measurement is sensitive to the size and extent of the diffusion pathways around the adsorbed macromolecules used by the redox species probe i.e. it is sensitive to the physical area of the surface covered by the macromolecular analyte and not to the mass of material that is sensed through a mechanical coupling effect (as in a Love wave device). Although electrochemical impedance measurements under the dry state are quite common when studying batteries and their redox/discharge properties, these are quite different sorts of systems to the device in this study. Therefore, integrating these two sensors (Love wave sensor and electrochemical impedance sensor) in a single device is a novel concept and should lead to better analytical performance than when each is used on their own. The new type of biosensor developed here therefore has the potential to measure analytes with greater accuracy, higher sensitivity and a lower limit of detection than found when using either a single Love wave sensor or electrochemical impedance sensor alone.
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Books on the topic "Piezoelectric"

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Tzou, Hornsen. Piezoelectric Shells. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1258-1.

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Bhalla, Suresh, Sumedha Moharana, Visalakshi Talakokula, and Naveet Kaur. Piezoelectric Materials. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119265139.

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Tzou, H. S. Piezoelectric Shells. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1783-8.

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Janshoff, Andreas, and Claudia Steinem, eds. Piezoelectric Sensors. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-36568-6.

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Gautschi, Gustav. Piezoelectric Sensorics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04732-3.

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Claudia, Steinem, and Janshoff Andreas, eds. Piezoelectric sensors. Berlin: Springer, 2006.

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Lieberzeit, Peter, ed. Piezoelectric Sensors. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-53785-1.

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Segel, Joshua E. Piezoelectric actuators. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2011.

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Gómez, Ernesto Suaste. Piezoelectric ceramics. Rijeka, Croatia: Sciyo, 2010.

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Singh, N. B., and Dev Kumar Mahato. Piezoelectric Materials. New York: Jenny Stanford Publishing, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003598978.

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Book chapters on the topic "Piezoelectric"

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Gautschi, Gustav. "Piezoelectric Sensors." In Piezoelectric Sensorics, 73–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04732-3_5.

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Tzou, H. S. "Introduction." In Piezoelectric Shells, 1–12. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1783-8_1.

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Tzou, H. S. "Finite Element Formulation and Analyses." In Piezoelectric Shells, 405–56. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1783-8_10.

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Tzou, H. S. "Piezoelectric Shell Vibration Theory." In Piezoelectric Shells, 13–62. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1783-8_2.

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Tzou, H. S. "Common Piezoelectric Continua and Active Piezoelectric Structures." In Piezoelectric Shells, 63–114. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1783-8_3.

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Tzou, H. S. "Distributed Sensing and Control of Elastic Shells." In Piezoelectric Shells, 115–54. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1783-8_4.

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Tzou, H. S. "Multi-Layered Shell Actuators." In Piezoelectric Shells, 155–86. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1783-8_5.

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Tzou, H. S. "Boundary Control of Beams." In Piezoelectric Shells, 187–226. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1783-8_6.

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Tzou, H. S. "Distributed Control of Plates with Segmented Sensors and Actuators." In Piezoelectric Shells, 227–82. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1783-8_7.

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Tzou, H. S. "Convolving Shell Sensors and Actuators Applied to Rings." In Piezoelectric Shells, 283–336. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1783-8_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Piezoelectric"

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Shen, Xin, Chunhua Zhou, and Yipeng Wu. "Synchronous switches based piezoelectric shunting circuits and piezoelectric energy control." In International Conference on New Materials, Machinery, and Vehicle Engineering 2024, edited by Jinyang Xu and J. Paulo Davim, 26. SPIE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.3054962.

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Cross, Charles J., and Sanford Fleeter. "Shunted Piezoelectric Control of Airfoil Vibrations." In ASME 1999 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/99-gt-385.

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The application of shunted piezoelectric elements to provide passive structural damping is investigated by means of experiments performed in the Purdue High Speed Axial Compressor Research Facility. Piezoelectric elements are bonded to three airfoils in the stator row. This airfoil is excited by the wakes generated by an upstream rotor. As the wakes drive the airfoil vibrations, the piezoelectrics experience a strain and in response produce an electric field. Tuned electrical circuits connected to the piezoelectrics as shunts dissipate this electrical energy, with multiple shunting techniques utilized. This electrical energy dissipation and the corresponding reduction in the airfoil mechanical energy result in a reduction in the magnitude of the resonant vibrations. Thus, these passive vibration control experiments demonstrate that shunted piezoelectrics have significant damping capability and could be practical for the elimination or minimization of gas turbine blading flow induced vibrations.
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Collinger, J. C., W. C. Messner, and J. A. Wickert. "Vibration Control With Magnetically Mounted Piezoelectric Actuators." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-67369.

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A novel vibration control method utilizing magnetically mounted piezoelectric actuators is described. Piezoelectric actuators are bonded to permanent magnets, which are attached to the surface of a steel cantilever beam through their magnetic attraction. The magnetic-piezoelectric control mounts are an alternative to traditional epoxy attachment methods for piezoelectrics which allows easy in-the-field reconfiguration. In model and laboratory measurements, the beam is driven through base excitation and the resonant shunt and synchronized switching techniques are applied to two magnetic-piezoelectric control mounts to attenuate vibration. The coupled system is discretized using a Galerkin finite element model that incorporates relative axial motion between the beam and the mounts, which is governed by the sticking contact stiffness per unit length of the beam-magnet interface. The control mounts are designed using a magnetic array configuration which increases the attraction force for a given magnet thickness. Results show that the magnetic-piezoelectric control mounts provide attenuation, while also providing the flexibility to easily adjust the actuators along the length of the beam.
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Bahrami, Hassan, and H. S. Tzou. "Design and Analysis of a Precision Multi-DOF Placement Device." In ASME 1997 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1997-0172.

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Abstract Piezoelectrics are increasingly being used in a large number of research explorations and engineering applications. In industry, piezoelectrics are widely being accepted as sensors, giving engineers more leverage to add new features to their products. In recent years, for example, distributed piezoelectric sensors and actuators are widely used in active vibration control of structures or precision mechatronic and structronic systems. In this paper, a piezoelectric quad-morph based multiple degrees of freedom (DOF) end-effector is designed and its multi-DOF precision placement operation is analyzed. This new multi-DOF cantilever beam design consists of multiple piezoelectric rectangular rods glued together, which provides a way to accurately position the end in space. Detailed analysis of this advanced composite structure is carried out by the finite element method incorporating the piezoelectric actuations.
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Yang, Lin, Qing-jun Ding, and Chun-sheng Zhao. "Piezoelectric drill based on converse piezoelectric effect." In 2008 Symposium on Piezoelectricity, Acoustic Waves, and Device Applications (SPAWDA). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/spawda.2008.4775766.

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Bahrami, Hassan, and H. S. Tzou. "Precision Placement Analysis of a New Multi-DOF Piezoelectric End-Effector via Finite Elements." In ASME 1997 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc97/vib-3945.

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Abstract Piezoelectric materials are increasingly being applied to various fieldS of research and engineering applications. In recent years for example, much work has been concentrated on active vibration control of structures by incorporating piezoelectric as both sensorS and actuators. In the industry, piezoelectrics are widely being accepted as effective sensors, giving engineers more leverage to add new features to their products. In this paper, piezoelectric composite structure is studied for precision placement of a multiple degrees off freedom (DOF) end–effector per the converse piezoelectric effect. This new design of the multi–DOF cantilever beam, by attaching multiple piezoelectric rectangular rods together, will provide a way to accurately position the end of this beam structure. The computation of this advanced composite structure is done by the finite element method incorporating the piezoelectric effects.
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Judy, D. C., J. S. Pulskamp, R. G. Polcawich, and L. Currano. "Piezoelectric Nanoswitch." In 2009 IEEE 22nd International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/memsys.2009.4805451.

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Hohner, M., and S. Manhart. "Piezoelectric Scanners." In Hague International Symposium, edited by Hanspeter Lutz and Georges Otrio. SPIE, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.941544.

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Bhuvanesh, M., S. Gokul, M. Manirathinam, M. V. Molykutty, and G. Puthilibai. "Piezoelectric Pavement." In 2020 International Conference on Power, Energy, Control and Transmission Systems (ICPECTS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpects49113.2020.9337013.

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Husak, M., P. Martinek, V. Janicek, J. Novak, A. Boura, and J. Foit. "Piezoelectric Microgenerator." In 2020 13th International Conference on Advanced Semiconductor Devices And Microsystems (ASDAM). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/asdam50306.2020.9393859.

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Reports on the topic "Piezoelectric"

1

Oates, William S., and Farrukh Alvi. Piezoelectric Pulsed Microjets. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada546107.

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Douglas, James Kenneth, and Matt Eichenfield. Piezoelectric Nano-Optomechanical Systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1505466.

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Reke, Michael, Sebastian Grobosch, and Kai Niegetiet. The Piezoelectric Controlled Carburetor. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, November 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2011-32-0528.

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Creighton, Steven, Peter W. Chung, and John D. Clayton. Multiscale Modeling of Piezoelectric Materials. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada494112.

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Chow, Weng Wah, and Sebastian Maciej Wieczorek. Piezoelectric field in strained GaAs. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/923072.

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Bailey, Thomas, Alexander Gruzen, and Paul Madden. RCS/Piezoelectric Distributed Actuator Study. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada201276.

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Gazonas, George A., Raymond A. Wildman, and David A. Hopkins. Elastodynamic Impact into Piezoelectric Media. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada608898.

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Shrout, Thomas R. Resource for Piezoelectric Single Crystals. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada363144.

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Johnson, Trevor Todd. Piezoelectric Load Cell Literature Review. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1514903.

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Suleiman, Ahmad, Marie Pender, and George Guilbault. Passive Piezoelectric Hydrogen Chloride Monitor. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada585060.

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