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1
Ramakrishna, A., C. K. Ong, and S. L. N. Reddy. "Canopy Duration and Structure of Pigeonpea Intercropped with Upland Rice." Experimental Agriculture 28, no. 3 (July 1992): 295–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001447970001989x.
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SummaryInteractions between upland rice and three phenologically distinct pigeonpea cultivars were examined on a medium deep Vertisol. The productivity of each intercrop component and its respective sole crop was determined in terms of a crop performance ratio (CPR). The extra-early pigeonpea cultivar recorded the largest partial CPR of grain followed by early and medium genotypes. Spreading genotypes had a larger partial CPR than semi-compact genotypes. However, the CPR of intercropped rice was less (0.65–0.69) with spreading pigeonpeas but exceeded unity with compact types. The canopy structure of pigeonpea appeared to be more important than differences in phenology. A large range of light transmission coefficients (K) existed in pigeonpea (from 0.45 to 0.78) but it is argued that a further reduction in K may not be necessary since intercropped rice yield was unaffected even with a K of 0.64. The relative height of intercropped pigeonpea and upland rice may also determine competitive ability since rice is very sensitive to low light and shading, particularly during the reproductive phase.
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Amusa, Oluwafemi, Fidelis Etuh Okpanachi, Samuel Chimezie Onyeka, Jonathan Samson Damilola, Elizabeth Oluwaseun Olatunji, Liasu Adebayo Ogunkanmi, and Bolanle Olufunmilayo Oboh. "Identification of potential agronomic lines among Nigerian pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.) accessions for crop improvement." Revista de Ciencias Agrícolas 39, E (December 22, 2022): 4–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22267/rcia.202239e.192.
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Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) is a grain legume crop from the tropics and subtropics cultivated for its highly nutritious seeds. Relatively low yields have been observed among African accession with little information on germplasm performance. Therefore, it is needed to identify resilient germplasm, varieties or accessions to improve agronomic performance. This study assessed the morphological variability among selected accessions of Nigerian pigeonpea to identify potential lines for agronomic improvement. A total of 52 Nigerian pigeonpea accessions were evaluated using 10 qualitative and 13 quantitative morphological traits. They were planted using a completely randomised design. Yield performance, trait correlation, principal component (PC), and cluster analysis were used to identify potential breeding lines. The study revealed a wide variability among pigeonpea accessions with both qualitative and quantitative traits. The 52 pigeonpeas were clustered into three major groups. Four principal components with eigenvalue > 1 accounted for 68.95% of the total variation observed. The first PC accounted for 30.13% with yield components, which include days to 50% flowering, plant height, days to 50% maturity, and vigour at 50% flowering as major contributors. These traits also showed strong significant correlations between themselves. Hence, they can be improved simultaneously. The study identified several potential accessions based on performance that can be selected for multilocational evaluations and crop improvement.
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Upadhyaya, H. D., K. N. Reddy, C. L. L. Gowda, and Sube Singh. "Identification and evaluation of vegetable type pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) in the world germplasm collection at ICRISAT genebank." Plant Genetic Resources 8, no. 2 (May 10, 2010): 162–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262110000122.
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Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) seed harvested while it is immature is a nutritious vegetable and forms a substitute for green pea [Pisum sativum (L.)]. Using the characterization data of more than 12,000 accessions conserved at ICRISAT genebank, Patancheru, India, 105 accessions were selected for important traits of vegetable pigeonpea (mature pod length>6 cm, seeds per pod>5 and 100-seed weight>15 g) and evaluated for these traits during 2007–08. From the initial evaluation, 51 accessions were identified as vegetable type and further evaluated for traits of vegetable pigeonpea during 2008–09 to identify most promising accessions. ICP 13831 produced longest immature pods (10.3 cm), ICP 13828 had maximum number of seeds per pod (5.9) and ICP 12746 produced larger seeds (44.8 g/100 seeds). Highest percentage of total soluble sugars (9.7%) was recorded in immature seeds of ICP 13413. ICP 15143 followed by ICP 15186 recorded more dry pods per plant and seed yield per plant. Performance of ICP 12184, ICP 13413, ICP 14085 and ICP 15169 was better than that of the best control for pod length, seeds per pod, soluble sugars and protein content. Cluster analysis based on scores of first five principal components resulted in three clusters that differed significantly for days to 50% flowering, days to 75% maturity, shelling percentage and soluble sugars. Important traits of vegetable pigeonpea such as immature pod length, seeds per pod, seed soluble sugars and protein content had shown strong positive correlation. Caribbean and Eastern Africa were found as the best source regions for vegetable pigeonpea. Evaluation of selected accessions at potential locations in different countries was suggested to identify vegetable pigeonpeas suitable for different regions and for use in crop improvement programs.
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S, MURUGESAN, MURUGAN E, and NADARAJAN N. "BREEDING FOR IMPROVED PLANT TYPE IN PIGEONPEA." Madras Agricultural Journal 84, January (1997): 12–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a00830.
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An attempt was made to breed for improved plant type in pigeonpen by crossing two contrasting parents viz. Vamban-I and Gulbarga-1. The F2 population clearly segregated into four distinct classes of phenotypes (plant types) in the ratio of 50 intermediate erect tall: 14 compact dwarf in the early segregants and 15 tall spreading: 1 compact bushy in the late segregants indicating that the plant type in pigeonpea was controlled by interaction of two pairs of non-allelic linkage blocks designated as DTCLSI and TALS2 and their respective allelic blocks as dtclsl and tais2.
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Singh, K. A., and Mahendra Pal. "Productivity of pigeonpea-wheat cropping systems." Journal of Agricultural Science 110, no. 3 (June 1988): 645–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600082253.
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SummaryStudies on productivity of pigeonpea-wheat cropping systems at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi during 1984–6 revealed that wheat following summer pigeonpea and given 120 kg N/ha produced 4–93, as compared with 451 t grain/ha when it succeeded kharif pigeonpea. Intercropping of preceding pigeonpea with dhaincha for green manure, fodder cowpea and greengram (grain) gave higher yields of 4·35, 397 and 3·68 t/ha respectively than the wheat following pigeonpea alone (3·20 t/ha). Similar effects on wheat straw were also recorded. Summer-sown pigeonpea produced 2·38 t grain/ha without any adverse effect of intercrops. However, kharif pigeonpea produced grain yield half of that obtained in the summer-sown crop. Further, the reductions in grain yield of kharif pigeonpea due to dhaincha, cowpea and greengram were 0·60, 0·52 and 030 t/ha, respectively. Summer pigeonpea + dhaincha-wheat and summer pigeonpea+greengram-wheat proved their superiority over other cropping systems.
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SINGH, UMMED, C. S. PRAHARAJ, S. S. SINGH, K. K. HAZRA, and N. KUMAR. "Effect of crop establishment practices on the performance of component cultivars under pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) - wheat (Triticum aestivum) cropping system in IGP." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 88, no. 5 (May 25, 2018): 691–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v88i5.80050.
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Pigeonpea–wheat rotation is emerging as a potential alternative to existing rice–wheat system of Indo–Gangetic plains because of many inherent constraints right from requirements of higher inputs to deterioration in soil health in the latter. Realizing the importance of pigeonpea–wheat cropping system, the present study was conducted to evaluate diverse crop establishment practices [ridge pigeonpea followed by flatbed wheat (RP–FBW); raised–bed pigeonpea followed by raised–bed wheat (RBP–RBW)] in combination with three cultivars of pigeonpea (UPAS 120, ICP 67B, and Pusa 992), and two wheat cultivars (Shatabdi, Unnat Halna). Two–year study revealed that raised–bed practice of crop establishment resulted in 11.7% higher grain yield of pigeonpea as compared to ridge planting. Although the advantage of raised–bed was not apparent in wheat as 13.9% higher grain yield was recorded under flatbed over raised–bed establishment method. Based on pigeonpea equivalent yield and production economics, RP–FBW was found superior over RBP–RBW. However, the performance of component crops suggested that raised–bed for pigeonpea and flatbed for wheat could be the strategic crop establishment under pigeonpea–wheat rotation. Plant nutrient utilization as expressed by nutrient harvest index, physiological efficiency and utilization efficiency differed substantially within the cultivars of pigeonpea and wheat crop; and the preceding pigeonpea cultivars significantly influenced the nutrient acquisition in the successive wheat crop. Among the different cultivars, UPAS 120 pigeonpea followed by Unnat Halna wheat had far better response measured through the highest pigeonpea equivalent yield (2.71 t/ha), net return (` Rs. 69,331), and benefit: cost ratio (2.02). Thus, the study suggested that strategic cultivar selection and appropriate crop establishment method could be the key to maximize output from the pigeonpea–wheat system in IGP.
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Musokwa, Misheck, and Paramu L. Mafongoya. "Effects of improved pigeonpea fallows on biological and physical soil properties and their relationship with maize yield." Agroforestry Systems 95, no. 2 (January 26, 2021): 443–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10457-021-00598-7.
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AbstractDeclining soil properties have triggered lower maize yields among smallholder famers in South Africa. Legume trees such as pigeonpea can be used as improved fallows to replenish degraded soils. The objectives of the study were to: (1) examine the effects of improved pigeonpea fallows on enhancing biological, physical soil properties and maize yield responses and (2), analyze the relationship of maize grain yield to biological and physical soil properties after improved pigeonpea fallows at Wartburg, South Africa. Pigeonpea fallows were established in 2015/16 season and terminated in 2017 and subsequently maize was planted. A randomized complete block design replicated three times was used with five treatments: continuous sole maize without fertilizer (T1), natural fallow then maize (T2), pigeonpea + grass—pigeonpea then maize (T3), maize + pigeonpea—pigeonpea then maize (T4), two-year pigeonpea fallow then maize (T5). Improved pigeonpea fallows increased maize yields through improvement in soil macrofauna species abundance, richness and diversity, aggregate stability, infiltration rate. Pigeonpea fallows increased maize yield by 3.2 times than continuous maize without fertilizer. The maize grain yield (3787 kg ha−1), was the highest on two-year pigeonpea fallows while continuous maize without fertilizer had the least (993 kg ha−1). There was a significant positive correlation between soil macrofauna indices and physical soil properties to maize yields. Smallholders who have limited access to fertilizers can sustainably use improved fallows to restore degraded soils to achieve higher maize yields in South Africa.
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Jena, D., and C. Misra. "Effect of Crop Geometry (Row Proportions) on the Water Balance of the Root Zone of a Pigeonpea and Rice Intercropping System." Experimental Agriculture 24, no. 3 (July 1988): 385–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700016240.
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SUMMARYRice, pigeonpea and rice + pigeonpea systems (in the row proportions of 1:2 and 2:5) were compared. Soil water depletion and percolation were determined during selected dry spells and yields ascertained after harvest. The mean evapotranspiration rates of rice, pigeonpea, rice + pigeonpea (1:2) and rice + pigeonpea (2:5) were 0.28, 0.79, 0.40 and 0.35 cm d−1, respectively, during a dry spell around 60 days after sowing. In general low rainfall intensity and frequent dry spells in the growing season increased pigeonpea yield but depressed that of rice. Intercropping thus ensured yield stability and hence the profitability of the system as a whole.
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Byth, D. E. "The pigeonpea." Field Crops Research 35, no. 2 (November 1993): 149–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4290(93)90148-g.
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SEKHON, FATEHJEET SINGH, THAKAR SINGH, and K. S. SAINI. "Productivity and nutrient uptake of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) in pigeonpea based intercropping systems as influenced by planting pattern and nutrients levels applied to intercrops." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 88, no. 10 (February 6, 2023): 1582–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v88i10.84227.
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The experiment was conducted at students’ research farm, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana during 2015 and 2016 to study the effect of planting pattern and levels of nutrient applied to intercrops on growth, yield and nutrient uptake in pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] based intercropping systems. Pigeonpea seed yield and biological yield were not significantly influenced by different planting pattern and nutrient level applied to intercrops under different intercropping systems during both the years. Pigeonpea equivalent yield was significantly affected by planting pattern and nutrient levels. Highest pigeonpea equivalent yield (1.84 and 1.90 tonnes/ha) was observed under planting pattern of pigeonpea (50 cm × 25 cm) + maize fodder during during both the years. Pigeonpea equivalent yield increased with increase in levels of nutrient to intercrops and maximum pigeonpea equivalent yield of 1.63 and 1.73 tonnes/ha was obtained with 100% of recommended dose of nutrients applied to intercrop. N, P and K uptake by pigeonpea was not affected by different planting pattern but N (75.3 and 80.8 kg/ha), P (16.0 and 17.2 kg/ha) and K (70.0 and 78.4 kg/ha) uptake was maximum with 100% nutrients applied to intercrops during both the years, respectively. Similar trend was observed with available N, P and K in soil at harvest.
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Adjei-Nsiah, S. "Role of Pigeonpea Cultivation on Soil Fertility and Farming System Sustainability in Ghana." International Journal of Agronomy 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/702506.
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The productivity of the smallholder farming system in Ghana is under threat due to soil fertility decline. Mineral fertilizer is sparingly being used by smallholder farmers because of prohibitive cost. Grain legumes such as pigeonpea can play a complementary or alternative role as a source of organic fertilizer due to its ability to enhance soil fertility. Despite its importance, the potential of pigeonpea as a soil fertility improvement crop has not been exploited to any appreciable extent and the amount of land cultivated to pigeonpea in Ghana is vey negligible. This paper synthesizes recent studies that have been carried out on pigeonpea in Ghana and discusses the role of pigeonpea cultivation in soil fertility management and its implication for farming system sustainability. The paper shows that recent field studies conducted in both the semi-deciduous forest and the forest/savanna transitional agro-ecological zones of Ghana indicate that pigeonpea/maize rotations can increase maize yield by 75–200%. Barrier to widespread adoption of pigeonpea include land tenure, market, and accessibility to early maturing and high yielding varieties. The paper concludes among other things that in order to promote the cultivation of pigeonpea in Ghana, there is the need to introduce varieties that combine early maturity with high yields and other desirable traits based on farmers preferences.
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Musokwa, Misheck, and Paramu Mafongoya. "Pigeonpea Yield and Water Use Efficiency: A Savior under Climate Change-Induced Water Stress." Agronomy 11, no. 1 (December 23, 2020): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11010005.
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Frequent droughts have threatened the crop yields and livelihoods of many smallholder farmers in South Africa. Pigeonpea can be grown by farmers to mitigate the impacts of droughts caused by climate change. An experiment was conducted at Fountainhill Farm from January 2016 to December 2017. The trial examined grain yield in addition to water use efficiency (WUE) of pigeonpea intercropped with maize versus sole pigeonpea and maize. A randomized complete block design, replicated three times, was used. Soil water tension was measured at 20, 50, and 120 cm within plots. The highest and lowest soil water tension was recorded at 20 m and 120 m respectively. Combined biomass and grain yield were significantly different: pigeonpea + maize (5513 kg ha−1) > pigeonpea (3368 kg ha−1) > maize (2425 kg ha−1). A similar trend was observed for WUE and land equivalent ratio (LER), where pigeonpea + maize outperformed all sole cropping systems. The inclusion of pigeonpea in a traditional mono-cropping system is recommended for smallholder farmers due to greater WUE, LER and other associated benefits such as food, feed and soil fertility amelioration, and it can reduce the effects of droughts induced by climate change.
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Rao, L. J., and B. N. Mittra. "Planting pattern of two pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) cultivars when intercropped with groundnut (Arachis hypogaea)." Journal of Agricultural Science 122, no. 3 (June 1994): 415–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600067344.
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SUMMARYField experiments were conducted during the two monsoon seasons of 1985 and 1986 at Kharagpur, West Bengal, to investigate the effect of pigeonpea cultivars and their planting pattern on the performance of a groundnut–pigeonpea intercrop. In intercropping the crops were also sown at 100% population of their sole crops. Groundnut plant growth and development was affected by intercropping with pigeonpea and the decline in pod yield ranged from 7 to 50% of the sole crop yield. The compact, short-statured and short duration pigeonpea cultivar, ICPL87, intercepted only 50% of the incoming solar radiation as against the 70% intercepted by LRG30 at the peak vegetative stage. The significantly higher groundnut yield (48%) obtained from the intercrop with the former pigeonpea cultivar as compared to the latter justifies the belief that the performance of the groundnut was light-related. This was further confirmed when the light interception by pigeonpea was reduced by increasing the row spacing from 90 to 150 cm and there was a consequent increase in groundnut yield. The cultivar and row arrangement of pigeonpea that allowed equal utilization of light by both crops gave increased productivity.
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Kale, S. P., S. R. Jakkawad, and S. R. Akulwar. "Adoption of recommended pigeonpea production technology by the growers." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 18, no. 1 (January 15, 2022): 379–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/18.1/379-382.
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The study was conducted in purposively selected Jalna district of Marathwada region in Maharashtra state. From the selected district two talukas viz., Ambad and Badnapur were selected randomly as these talukas has considerable area under pigeonpea. Results of study revealed that majority (60.00%) of the farmers had medium level adoption of pigeonpea production technology while other 15 per cent of farmers belongs to high adoption level category pigeonpea production technology whereas, only 25.00 per cent of farmer belongs to low adoption level category of about pigeonpea crop.
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RAI, A. K., S. KHAJURIA, K. LATA, J. K. JADAV, RAJKUMAR RAJKUMAR, and B. S. KHADDA. "Popularization of vegetable pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) in central Gujarat through demonstration in farmers field." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 85, no. 3 (March 5, 2015): 349–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v85i3.47117.
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Conventional pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] is harvested as seed but for the purpose of vegetable, it is harvested immature. At this stage it is a nutritious and delicious vegetable and forms a substitute for green pea (Pisum sativum L.). Pigeonpea is one of the most important pulse crops of the Panchmahals district of Gujarat. However, productivity of pigeonpea in the district is very low. Attempts were made to improve productivity and to increase area under pigeonpea by adopting high yielding varieties (HYVs). In order to compare conventional pigeonpea with HYVs, 75 front line demonstrations were carried out in systematic manner on farmers’ field to show the worth of new varieties in comparison to local check and thereby convincing farmers about potentialities of improved production management practices of pigeonpea for further adoption involving feasible and effective scientific package of practices. The demonstrations clearly showed on enhancement of productivity, simultaneously area under pigeonpea cultivation was also noticed to be increased. The yield (green pod) was found to be increased from 4 300 kg/ha in local check to 7 300 kg/ha in demonstrations. Similarly, the benefit cost ratio for HYVs was also increased to 3.22 as compared to local check (2.27). The economics and benefit cost ratio can be further improved to 3.23 when slightly higher inputs for cultivation and marketing. The impact of pigeonpea FLDs was analysed which showed improvement of knowledge and satisfaction of farmers as the main reason for mass scale adoption.
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Daspute, Abhijit, B. Fakrudin, Shivarudrappa B. Bhairappanavar, S. P. Kavil, Y. D. Narayana, Muniswamy Muniswamy, Anil Kaumar, P. U. Krishnaraj, Abid Yerimani, and B. M. Khadi. "Inheritance of Pigeonpea Sterility Mosaic Disease Resistance in Pigeonpea." Plant Pathology Journal 30, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 188–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5423/ppj.nt.10.2013.0104.
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Layek, Ujjwal, Arijit Kundu, Nandita Das, Rajib Mondal, and Prakash Karmakar. "Intercropping with Pigeonpea(Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.): An Assessment of Its Influence on the Assemblage of Pollinators and Yield of Neighbouring Non-Leguminous Crops." Life 13, no. 1 (January 9, 2023): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life13010193.
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Intercropping is practiced in modern intensive agriculture considering many benefits, including additive crop yield. However, it may have competitive or facilitative interactions between pollinator-dependant crops. Here, we investigated the reproductive aspects of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan). We assessed the influence of blooming pigeonpea on pollinator’s assemblage and the yield of neighbouring non-leguminous crops (e.g., coriander, mustard). For these, we recorded floral visitors and the yield of the targeted crops from two types of fields―closely situated and distantly situated concerning pigeonpea plantation. Pigeonpea is autogamous, but pollinator’s visits enhance fruit and seed sets. Bright, nectariferous flowers emitted several volatile organic compounds and were visited by numerous insect species. The prime pollinators of pigeonpea are carpenter bees and leafcutter bees. In contrast, halictidae, honeybees and stingless bees mainly pollinate the co-blooming non-leguminous crops (coriander and mustard). The richness and abundance of pollinators on these co-blooming crops remain similar in closely situated and distantly situated fields. As a result, the yield of the neighbouring crops is not significantly influenced by the blooming pigeonpea. Therefore, it can be concluded that planting pigeonpea in ridges of agricultural fields will be an additional agricultural output without affecting the assemblage of pollinators and yields of neighbouring co-blooming crops.
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SINGH, GURJEET, RAVINDER SINGH, and AKANKSHA SINGLA. "Seasonal abundance of Blister Beetle, Mylabrispustulata Thunberg on Pigeonpea and Mungbean." MAUSAM 72, no. 3 (October 22, 2021): 645–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v72i3.1314.
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Seasonal abundance and activity period blister beetle (Mylabrispustulata) on pigeonpea and mungbean were recorded at Research Farms of Pulses Section, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. The results showed that the blister beetle started appearing in pigeonpea and mungbean in late August under Punjab conditions. During the crop season, its activity increased and reached at its peak in the end of September (13.90 beetles / 4 meter row length in pigeonpea and 5.48 beetles / 1 sq. meter quadrate in mungbean) coincided with the maximum flowering and afterwards it started declining due to the termination of flowers. The activity of blister beetle was more in the morning (20.23 beetles / 4 meter row length in pigeonpea and 8.04 beetles / 1 sq. meter quadrate in mungbean) and evening hours (21.04 beetles / 4 meter row length in pigeonpea and 8.06 beetles / 1 sq. meter quadrate in mungbean) as compared to the noon hours (0.43 beetles / 4 meter row length in pigeonpea and 0.33 beetles / 1 sq. meter quadrate in mungbean).
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SEKHON, FATEHJEET SINGH, THAKAR SINGH, and SOMPAL SINGH. "Growth, phenology and yield of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) as affected by intercropping systems and application of nutrients level to intercrops." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 88, no. 3 (March 16, 2023): 509–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v88i3.78758.
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An experiment was carried out during kharif season for the two consecutive years (2015 and 2016) at Students Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana to study the performance of pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] as influenced by intercropping systems and application of different nutrients levels to intercrops. Plant height, dry matter accumulation and seed yield of pigeonpea were not influenced by different intercropping systems and nutrients levels applied to intercrops. Pigeonpea equivalent yield was significantly affected by intercropping systems and nutrients levels applied to intercrops. Among the different intercropping systems and planting patterns, maximum pigeonpea equivalent yield of 18.4 and 19 q/ha was recorded with pigeonpea (50 x 25 cm) + maize fodder intercropping system during 2015 and 2016, respectively, which was statistically superior than all other intercropping systems with different planting patterns. The application of 100% recommended dose of nutrients to the intercrops resulted in the significantly higher pigeonpea equivalent yield (16.3 and 17.3 q/ha) than the 50% recommended dose (14.9 and 16 q/ha) and control (13.7 and 14.4 q/ha) during both the years.
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Pawar, Neeraj, Nirmal Bishnoi, and D. P. Malik. "Resource use and economic potential of pigeonpea cultivation in Haryana." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 17, no. 2 (June 15, 2021): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/17.2/239-244.
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Pigeonpea is one of the protein-rich legumes of the semi-arid tropics grown throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world.India is the largest producer of pigeonpea sharing for 66 percent of total production and the other major pigeonpea producing countries are Myanmar, Malawi, Kenya and Tanzania. The crop is cultivated on marginal land by resourcepoor farmers, who commonly grow traditional medium and long-duration landraces. Conventionally, the use of inputs such as chemical fertilizers, irrigation and pesticides is minimal as cultivated in rainfed areas. Greater attention is being given to raise productivity to meet growing demand in India. The data pertains to various aspects of pigeonpea cultivation was collected from 60 cultivators of Haryana during 2019-20. Simple budgeting technique was employed to draw practical implications and Cobb- Douglas production function was used for measure the extent of resourceuse in pigeonpea cultivation for taking policy decisions to encourage its cultivation in Haryana. The positive growth rate of area, production and yield of pigeonpea was estimated in India during last two decades (1998-2018). But negative growth of area and production of pigeonpea was observed in Haryana in same period owing large replacement of area towards cotton, sugarcane and pushing cultivation on marginal land.The gross and net returns of pigeonpea cultivation in Haryana worked out were Rs. 54487 ha-1 and Rs. 7073 ha-1. The MVP of human labour, machine hour, seed, chemical fertilizers, plant protection chemicals and irrigation was greater than unity revealing the lower utilization of these resources.
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MAPFUMO, P., S. MPEPEREKI, and P. MAFONGOYA. "PIGEONPEA RHIZOBIA PREVALENCE AND CROP RESPONSE TO INOCULATION IN ZIMBABWEAN SMALLHOLDER-MANAGED SOILS." Experimental Agriculture 36, no. 4 (October 2000): 423–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700001009.
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A study was conducted to determine the population sizes of indigenous pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan)-nodulating rhizobia and responses of the crop to rhizobial inoculation in soils under smallholder management. Rhizobia populations were determined in 21 soils from three different agro-ecological regions of Zimbabwe using the plant infection most-probable-number technique. Pigeonpea response to rhizobial inoculation was tested in five soils representative of low, medium and high rhizobia populations. Pigeonpea rhizobia ranged from undetectable to 121 cells per g soil compared with 16 to 159 cells per g soil for cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) which was used for reference. Soils with high cowpea rhizobia counts had relatively low counts of pigeonpea rhizobia and vice versa, showing that the two legumes associate with different subgroups of rhizobia. Poor soil organic matter, low soil moisture at sampling, low pH and low clay content of the soils had a significant negative effect on rhizobial counts. Organic matter appeared critical for maintenance of high populations of indigenous rhizobia in the mostly sandy soils sampled. Lack of pigeonpea response to inoculation in all the soils tested despite the low initial rhizobial populations could be the result of within-season proliferation of indigenous populations which are competitive and effective. There was evidence of rapid build-up of pigeonpea-compatible rhizobia within one growing season when the crop was first introduced. It was concluded that effective pigeonpea rhizobia occur in many arable soils of Zimbabwe. However, to fully exploit biological nitrogen fixation and maximize yields of pigeonpea, highly efficient, adapted and competitive indigenous rhizobial isolates must be identified and evaluated.
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Visitpanich, T., ES Batterham, and BW Norton. "Nutritional value of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) and pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) meals for growing pigs and rats. 2. Effect of autoclaving and alkali treatment." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 36, no. 2 (1985): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9850337.
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Four experiments were conducted with rats to investigate the effects of autoclaving and alkali treatment on the growth-promoting ability of pigeonpea meal. In the fifth experiment, the effect of autoclaving pigeonpea meal was evaluated with pigs. With rats, there was a quadratic response (P < 0.05) in growth and feed conversion ratio to autoclaving pigeonpea seed for 15 min at 100-140�C, with maximum response occurring at c. 124�C. However, growth rate was still lower and feed conversion ratio higher than those of rats fed soybean meal (P < 0.05). Imbibing pigeonpea seed in alkali and subsequently drying it to original weight did not reduce tannin content but did reduce the trypsin-inhibitor activity from 10.3 to 5.1 units mg-1. Although both alkali treatment and autoclaving of the alkali-treated seed improved the growth and feed conversion ratios of rats, these treatments did not overcome the differences in protein quality between the pigeonpea and soybean meal diets. Autoclaving pigeonpea seed for 15 min at 110, 124 and 140�C reduced the trypsin-inhibitor activity of the meals from 11.2 to 0.7 units mg-'. Compared to pigs fed on unheated pigeonpea meal, pigs given autoclaved meal had higher (P < 0.05) growth rates and improved feed conversion ratios. These improved growth responses were similar to those produced by soybean meal.
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Nath, Paras, R. S. Singh, S. N. Rai, and Ram Keval. "Effect of Bio-Rational Approaches on the Larval Population and Pigeonpea Pod Damage by Exelastis atomosa (Wlsm.)." Journal of Agricultural Science 9, no. 3 (February 13, 2017): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v9n3p98.
Full textAbstract:
Effect of bio-rational approaches such as intercropping and application of bio-pesticide on the larval population, pod damage, grain damage and grain weight loss by plume moth (Exelastis atomosa (Wlsm.)) infesting pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) was studied. Pigeonpea intercropped with maize, pearl millet, sorghum, rice and black gram had significant effect on the larval population of plume moth when compared with pigeonpea sole crop infestation. The pigeonpea pod damage, grain damage and grain weight loss due to larval infestation in different pigeonpea intercrops and pigeonpea sole crop differed significantly however few exceptions were also recorded. The average larval population, pod damage, grain damage and grain weight loss in different intercrops varied from 0.25 to 0.39 larva/plant, 1.29 to 1.79%, 0.41 to 0.55% and 0.25 to 0.35%, respectively. The pigeonpea sole crop had recorded relatively higher larval population (0.39 larva/plant), pod damage (2.03%), grain damage (0.85%) and grain weight loss (0.59%) than the intercropped pigeon pea. The two sprays of NSKE 5% (first at flowering and pod formation stage and second after 20 days) were found superior in reducing larval population, pod damage, grain damage and grain weight loss. However, the plots devoid of any biopesticidal treatment had maximum larval population (0.68 larva/plant), pod damage (2.75%), grain damage (0.86%) and grain weight loss (0.60%) by E. atomosa.
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Dahiya, S. S., Y. S. Chauhan, C. Johansen, R. S. Waldia, H. S. Sekhon, and J. K. Nandal. "EXTRA-SHORT-DURATION PIGEONPEA FOR DIVERSIFYING WHEAT-BASED CROPPING SYSTEMS IN THE SUB-TROPICS." Experimental Agriculture 38, no. 1 (January 2002): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001447970200011x.
Full textAbstract:
The performance of newly developed extra-short-duration pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) genotypes and traditional short-duration pigeonpea cultivars was compared in rotation with wheat in on-farm trials conducted in 1996–97 and 1997–98 in Sonepat (28° N) district in Haryana, and in 1996–97 at Ludhiana (30° N) district in Punjab, India. At both locations, a wheat crop (Triticum aestivum cv. HD 2329) followed pigeonpea. At Sonepat, an indeterminate extra-short-duration genotype ICPL 88039 matured up to three weeks earlier, yet gave 12% higher yield (1.57 t ha−1) and showed less susceptibility to borer damage than did the short-duration cv. Manak. At Ludhiana, extra-short-duration pigeonpea genotypes, ICPL 88039, ICPL 85010 and AL 201 gave similar grain yields to the short-duration T 21 in spite of maturing three to four weeks earlier. Yields of wheat crops following extra-short-duration genotypes were up to 0.75 t ha−1 greater at Sonepat and up to 1.0 t ha−1 greater at Ludhiana. The results of the study provide empirical evidence that extra-short-duration pigeonpea genotypes could contribute to higher productivity of pigeonpea–wheat rotation systems. Most of the farmers who grew on-farm trials in Sonepat preferred extra-short-duration to short-duration pigeonpea types for their early maturity, bold seed size, and the greater yield of the following wheat crop.
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Shende, N. V., Devyanee K. Nemade, Vanita K. Khobarkar, and R. D. Vaidkar. "Impact assessment of pigeonpea (Tur) variety released by Dr. PDKV, Akola." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 18, no. 1 (January 15, 2022): 450–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/18.1/450-457.
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In the varietal front the Pulses Research Station, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola has made significant progress by releasing 3 excellent pigeonpea, Variety for Maharashtra. In Pigeon pea variety PKV Tara was released in 2013. In pigeonpea, PKV Tara variety is resistant to wilt disease and moderately resistant to sterility mozc (SMD). Seeds are generally medium bold in size with red seed colour specially. It is suitable for cultivation in Vidarbha region of Maharashtra under normal condition. It is high yielding variety. It gives 18-20 q/ha yield and crop duration is of average 176 days. PKV Tara variety is mostly adopted in states like Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Gujarat and Chhattisgarh. The main objective of this study, to study the growth rates of area, production and productivity of selected pigeonpea crop, to examine the varietal status of University released selected pigeonpea and to assess the economic impact of University released selected pigeonpea. The data on area, production and productivity of pigeonpea for Maharashtra and India was collected from the annual report, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers welfare, Government of India for the year 1990-91 to 2019-20. The information on expenditure on research, extension, salary, contingency etc. was availed from the office record of Pulses Research Unit, Dr.PDKV, Akola. Data on seed sale of PKV Tara were collected from Pulses Research Unit, Dr.PDKV, Akola and Mahabheej, Akola. The data on costs and returns of pigeonpea PKV Tara and other varieties data of pigeonpea crop for the year 2019-20 were compiled from the pigeonpea quick estimate reports of Agricultural Price Cost and Scheme, Department of Agril. Economics and Statistics, Dr.PDKV, Akola. In addition to this primary data has been collected from the survey of sample cultivator through personal interview with help of pretested and structured schedule for the year 2019-20. Partial budget approach was used for estimating the impact of research outcome on income generation. Partial budgeting is a method of organizing experimental data and information about the cost and benefits from some change in the technologies being used on the farm. The aim is to estimate the change that will occur in farm profit or loss from some change in the farm plan (Boehlje and Eidman, 1984). The growth rates of area and production of pigeonpea for Maharashtra state was observed to be negatively significant at 1and 5 per cent level of significance, respectively for the entire period of 19 years. The total economic worthiness of University released pigeonpea production technology over other competing varieties of pigeonpea in the region were Rs. 9654.09/-, per hectare. It meanse the Net Economic Impact to the farming community in Maharashtra state were Rs.12. crores for pigeonpea, respectively in the year 2019-20. The area under University released tur varieties for the year 2019-20 were 33080.40 hectare. The gross economic impact of University released pigeonpea varieties was Rs. 841.68 crores for six year. It is, therefore, the that government should provide substantial funds to the University for further Research and Extension of their varieties for benefit of the farming community.
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Sharma, Mamta, and Raju Ghosh. "Isolation, Identification, and Pathogenicity of Phytophthora Blight of Pigeonpea." Plant Health Progress 19, no. 3 (January 1, 2018): 233–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-04-18-0014-dg.
Full textAbstract:
Phytophthora blight is an emerging threat in pigeonpea. This article briefly discusses diagnosis of Phytophthora blight on pigeonpea including the symptoms and signs, taxonomy, and geographic distribution. Methods of isolation, identification, and storage of Phytophthora cajani (causal organism of Phytophthora blight) are also discussed. This information will be useful to all researchers involved in the diagnosis and management of Phytophthora blight of pigeonpea.
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Vennila, M., and C. Murthy. "Trend analysis of area, production and productivity in pigeonpea." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 17, no. 2 (June 15, 2021): 476–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/17.2/476-485.
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The present study has been analysed the trend in area, production and productivity of pigeon pea and the instability by Cuddy Della Valle index. The study has been carried out based on secondary data and the data was collected for the periods from 2007-08 to 2018-19. Compound annual growth rate, co-efficient of variation and instability index was computed. The growth rate of area and production of pigeonpea in India showed and significant positive at 1 per cent and 5 per cent level, respectively and productivity showed insignificant positive growth rate. The growth rate of area and production of pigeonpea of Karnataka showed significant positive trend at 5 per cent level and productivity showed insignificant positive growth rate. The increase in production occurs due to increase in area as well as interactions of area and productivity of pigeonpea in the study period. Thus, there is a need to take up productivity enhancing measures in pigeonpea like varietal improvement, improved cultural practices, disease control measures and irrigation facilities. The instability indices for area, production and productivity for pigeonpea is positive which indicates less risk in growing pigeonpea in future.
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Musokwa, Misheck, Paramu L. Mafongoya, and Paxie W. Chirwa. "Monitoring of Soil Water Content in Maize Rotated with Pigeonpea Fallows in South Africa." Water 12, no. 10 (October 4, 2020): 2761. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12102761.
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Maize production under smallholder systems in South Africa (RSA) depends on rainfall. Incidences of dry spells throughout the growing season have affected maize yields negatively. The study examined water distribution and water use efficiency (WUE) of maize rotated with two-year pigeonpea fallows as compared to continuous maize without fertilizer. A randomized complete block design, replicated three times, was used with four treatments, which included continuous unfertilized maize, natural fallow-maize, pigeonpea + grass-pigeonpea-maize, and two-year pigeonpea fallow-maize. Soil water mark sensors were installed 0.2; 0.5; and 1.2 m on each plot to monitor soil water tension (kPa). Soil samples were analyzed using pressure plates to determine water retention curves which were used to convert soil water tension to volumetric water content. Maize rotated with two-year pigeonpea fallows had higher dry matter yield (11,661 kg ha−1) and WUE (20.78 kg mm−1) than continuous maize (5314 kg ha−1 and 9.48 kg mm−1). In this era of water scarcity and drought incidences caused by climate change, maize rotated with pigeonpea fallows is recommended among smallholder farmers in RSA because of its higher WUE, hence food security will be guaranteed.
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Tripathi, Niraj, Dhaneshwar B. Patil, Sumit Kakade, Sahab Kumar Patel, Gopilal Anjana, and Moni Thomas. "Microsatellite Markers Based Molecular Variability among Locally Collected Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. Genotypes." PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 24, no. 5-6 (August 28, 2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.56557/pcbmb/2023/v24i5-68357.
Full textAbstract:
Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] is an important deep-rooted pulse crop, predominantly cultivated in rainfed areas by small and marginal farmers in India and South Africa. The crop’s productivity is severely constrained due to abiotic and biotic stresses in its agro-ecosystem. Molecular variability assessment in pigeonpea can be the key for successful breeding to mitigate the crop from future biotic and abiotic stresses. Molecular markers based genetic diversity analysis was done to evaluate locally collected 32 genotypes of pigeonpea. Total 20 microsatellite markers were used in the present analysis. Pigeonpea genotypes had higher level of genetic diversity. Microsatellite markers were able to discriminate the studied genotypes into three clusters. Most of the genotypes were grouped together according to their collection sites. The findings of the present study open the window of opportunity, for future research and exploitation of these locally collected genotypes for pigeonpea crop improvement.
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Kumar, P. Lava, A. Teifion Jones, and D. V. R. Reddy. "A Novel Mite-Transmitted Virus with a Divided RNA Genome Closely Associated with Pigeonpea Sterility Mosaic Disease." Phytopathology® 93, no. 1 (January 2003): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.2003.93.1.71.
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The agent of sterility mosaic, a disease that is a major constraint on pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) production in the Indian subcontinent, is transmitted by the eriophyid mite, Aceria cajani. This agent has remained elusive for decades despite intensive efforts but we report the isolation of highly flexuous filamentous virus-like particles (VLPs) of 3 to 10 nm in width and of undefined lengths from sterility mosaic disease (SMD)-affected pigeonpea plants. Purified VLP preparations from virus-infected pigeonpea and Nicotiana benthamiana had a buoyant density in cesium chloride of 1.22 to 1.23 g cm-3 and contained a major virus-specific protein species of ≈32 kDa and 5 to 7 RNA species of ≈6.8 to 1.1 kb. The sequence of some complementary DNA clones to RNA from purified VLP preparations had no significant matches in database searches. Two oligonucleotide primers derived from one such sequence, when used in reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assays, amplified a product of 321 bp specifically from SMD-affected pigeonpea plants. Purified VLP preparations were used to produce polyclonal antibodies that, in infected plants, detected the virus using enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA) and the virus-specific 32-kDa protein in western immunoblotting (WIB). In such assays, the virus was detected consistently in all SMD-affected pigeonpea plant samples from several different locations in India, but not in samples from symptom-free pigeonpea plants from the same locations. In experimental studies, all pigeonpea plants inoculated with viruliferous A. cajani and those plants graft-inoculated with SMD-affected tissue were infected with the virus as assessed by ELISA and WIB, but not any uninfected pigeonpea plants. This virus, tentatively named Pigeonpea sterility mosaic virus (PPSMV), has some properties similar to virus species in the genera Tospovirus and Tenuivirus and with the eriophyid mite-transmitted High plains virus (HPV) but is distinct from these and from all other characterized viruses. The combination of novel properties shown by PPSMV and HPV suggest that they may constitute species in a new genus of plant viruses.
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Ngugi-Dawit, Abigail, Thi My Linh Hoang, Brett Williams, Thomas J. V. Higgins, and Sagadevan G. Mundree. "A Wild Cajanus scarabaeoides (L.), Thouars, IBS 3471, for Improved Insect-Resistance in Cultivated Pigeonpea." Agronomy 10, no. 4 (April 3, 2020): 517. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10040517.
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Cajanus scarabaeoides (L.), Thouars, is the closest wild crop relative of cultivated pigeonpea, Cajanus cajan (L.), Millspaugh. This wild pigeonpea has several insect-resistance mechanisms, particularly to Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner). Estimated economic losses in the semi-arid tropics from H. armigera damage in pigeonpea are approximately two billion USD/year. Therefore, it is imperative to improve pest resistance in this crop. In this study, we investigated insect-resistance components in IBS 3471, a C. scarabaeoides accession, and explored the possibility of transferring resistance mechanism/s to cultivated pigeonpea. A detached leaf bioassay revealed that IBS 3471 has more effective antibiosis and antixenosis resistance mechanisms against H. armigera compared to the susceptible C. cajan variety, ICPL 87. To further investigate the antibiosis resistance mechanism, we fed H. armigera larvae a heated and non-heated artificial diet supplemented with lyophilised IBS 3471 leaf powder. Incorporation of IBS 3471 leaf powder inhibited H. armigera larval weight and delayed larval development compared to larvae reared on diet supplemented with ICPL 87 leaf powder. The putative insect-resistance compounds in C. scarabaeoides were heat-labile. Proteomic analysis revealed higher levels of potential insecticidal proteins, namely lectin and cysteine proteinase inhibitor, in wild pigeonpea compared to the cultivated variety. Nutritional analysis and interspecific hybridisation experiments also indicated that IBS 3471 is a potential candidate for improvement of insect-resistance in pigeonpea. This study demonstrates that IBS 3471 has multiple resistance mechanisms against H. armigera, and they are transferable to cultivated pigeonpea.
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SINGH, A., M. SINGH, and K. SINGH. "Productivity and economic viability of a palmarosa–pigeonpea intercropping system in the subtropical climate of north India." Journal of Agricultural Science 130, no. 2 (March 1998): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859697005224.
Full textAbstract:
The poor viability of the perennial aromatic grass, palmarosa (Cymbopogon martinii Stapf. var. motia), in the first year of planting, restricts its popularity among farmers in India. Two pigeonpea cultivars, Bahar (late maturing), and UPAS–120 (early maturing) were intercropped at different row spacings with palmarosa at a row spacing of 60 cm, in the subtropical climate of Lucknow, north India in 1988/89 and 1989/90. Intercropping with the late maturing cv. Bahar at 300 cm row spacing produced 1·26 t/ha grain (2-year mean) without affecting the growth and yield of the palmarosa. Intercropping improved land-use efficiency by 47%, relative net return by 58% and net economic return by Rs. 12500/ha over a sole palmarosa crop. The grain, stalk and total dry matter yield per plant of pigeonpea was considerably improved when grown at the wider row spacing in the intercropped system than when grown as a sole crop. This indicates that the competition between pigeonpea plants was not reduced when palmarosa was present. Palmarosa tiller production and herb and oil yield were significantly reduced when the distance between rows of pigeonpea was narrowed, demonstrating both the greater susceptibility of palmarosa to lack of light, and also that in palmarosa–pigeonpea intercropping systems, competition exists mainly for light rather than for nutrients and moisture, possibly because the two crop components acquire their nutrients and moisture from different soil layers.Intercropping with the high yielding, late maturing pigeonpea cultivar, Bahar, at 300 cm row distance is recommended to make palmarosa cultivation economically viable in the first year of planting. The selection of high yielding, late maturing pigeonpea cultivars with an upright growth habit is suggested as a further way of improving the economic benefits of a palmarosa–pigeonpea intercropping system.
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KUMAWAT, NARENDRA, RAJENDRA PRASAD SINGH, RAKESH KUMAR, TEJ PRAKESH YADAV, and HARI OM. "Effect of integrated nutrient management on productivity, nutrient uptake and economics of rainfed pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) and blackgram (Vigna mungo) intercropping system." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 85, no. 2 (February 10, 2015): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v85i2.46474.
Full textAbstract:
Field experiments were carried out during kharif season of 2008-09 and 2009-10 to study the effect of integrated nutrition on productivity, nutrient uptake and economics of rainfed pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] and blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] intercropping system. Pooled data shows that intercropping systems did not influence significantly on the grain, stover, biological yield and harvest index of pigeonpea and blackgram. Total uptake of N, P, K, S and Zn by pigeonpea were highest recorded with the sole pigeonpea (S1) which was comparable to normal intercropping system (S2) and significantly superior over paired intercropping system (S3). Further, pooled data revealed that normal intercropping system (S2) gave maximum values of gross return (Rupees 120 050), net return (Rupees 99 396), B:C ratio (4.8), pigeonpea equivalent yield (21.75 q/ha), land equivalent ratio (1.70), production efficiency (7.98 kg/ha/day) and economic efficiency (364.83 Rupees/ha/day) which was at par with paired intercropping system (S3) and significantly superior to sole planting of pigeonpea (S1). Application of 100% recommended dose of fertilizers + 50% recommended dose of nitrogen (through vermicompost) + 5 kg Zn/ha gave significantly higher grain yield (21.05 and 5.23 q/ha), stover yield (82.19 and 14.47 q/ha), biological yield (103.24 and 18.85 q/ha) and harvest index (20.23 and 26.40%) of pigeonpea and blackgram, respectively. This treatment (F7) also gave the higher total uptake of N, P, K, S and Zn by pigeonpea and blackgram. Similarly, application of 100% RDF + 50% RDN + 5 kg Zn/ha (F7) recorded highest gross return (Rupees 130 735), net return (Rupees 109 277), B:C ratio (5.11), PEY (24.24 q/ha), LER (1.57), production efficiency (8.9 kg/ha/day) and economic efficiency (401.07 Rupees /ha/day) which was at par with 50% RDF + 100% RDN + 5 kg Zn/ha (F8) and significantly superior to rest of the treatments.
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Narina, Satya S., Yixiang Xu, Anwar A. Hamama, Sharad C. Phatak, and Harbans L. Bhardwaj. "Effect of Cultivar and Planting Time on Resistant Starch Accumulation in Pigeonpea Grown in Virginia." ISRN Agronomy 2012 (September 10, 2012): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/576471.
Full textAbstract:
Recent recognition of indigestible starch component named as “Resistant Starch” in the human small intestine raised our interest to execute the current study to identify the best cultivar to produce high-quality pigeonpea seed to incorporate in ongoing pigeonpea breeding program. Though pigeonpea was identified as one of the food legumes with high RS, there were no published reports for pigeonpea resistant starch accumulation as influenced by planting time. The experiment was conducted twice in replicated block design with four varieties and two planting times. The resistant and non resistant (hydrolysable) starch components of ground seed powder of four pigeonpea varieties were analyzed to identify the best planting time and best cultivar for high-resistance starch accumulation. Planting time and varieties showed significant influence on resistant starch (RS), total starch (TS), and hydrolysable starch (HS) accumulation. The pigeonpea variety W1 was significantly superior from other three varieties and has highest RS value (21.4 g/100 g) with 70 per cent RS out of its total starch (28 g/100 g). The planting time 2 (June 11) produced seed with highest values for RS (18.7 g/100 g), HS (6.5 g/100 g), and TS (25.2 g/100 g). The cultivar W1 is the better one followed by GA1 for use in further crop improvement.
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Saxena, Rachit K., Anil Hake, Anupama J. Hingane, C. V. Sameer Kumar, Abhishek Bohra, Muniswamy Sonnappa, Abhishek Rathore, et al. "Translational Pigeonpea Genomics Consortium for Accelerating Genetic Gains in Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.)." Agronomy 10, no. 9 (August 31, 2020): 1289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10091289.
Full textAbstract:
Pigeonpea is one of the important pulse crops grown in many states of India and plays a major role in sustainable food and nutritional security for the smallholder farmers. In order to overcome the productivity barrier the Translational Pigeonpea Genomics Consortium (TPGC) was established, representing research institutes from six different states (Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, and Uttar Pradesh) of India. To enhance pigeonpea productivity and production the team has been engaged in deploying modern genomics approaches in breeding and popularizing modern varieties in farmers’ fields. For instance, new genetic stock has been developed for trait mapping and molecular breeding initiated for enhancing resistance to fusarium wilt and sterility mosaic disease in 11 mega varieties of pigeonpea. In parallel, genomic segments associated with cleistogamous flower, shriveled seed, pods per plant, seeds per pod, 100 seed weight, and seed protein content have been identified. Furthermore, 100 improved lines were evaluated for yield and desirable traits in multi-location trials in different states. Furthermore, a total of 303 farmers’ participatory varietal selection (FPVS) trials have been conducted in 129 villages from 15 districts of six states with 16 released varieties/hybrids. Additionally, one line (GRG 152 or Bheema) from multi-location trials has been identified by the All India Coordinated Research Project on Pigeonpea (AICRP-Pigeonpea) and released for cultivation by the Central Variety Release Committee (CVRC). In summary, the collaborative efforts of several research groups through TPGC is accelerating genetics gains in breeding plots and is expected to deliver them to pigeonpea farmers to enhance their income and improve livelihood.
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Natarajan, M., and R. W. Willey. "Effect of row arrangement on light interception and yield in sorghum-pigeonpea intercropping." Journal of Agricultural Science 104, no. 2 (April 1985): 263–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600043902.
Full textAbstract:
SummaryTwo experiments examined the effect of improving the distribution of the pigeonpea plants in sorghum-pigeonpea intercropping by having an alternate row arrangement of the two orops (SP) instead of the two sorghum: 1 pigeonpea row arrangement (SSP) that was studied earlier. One experiment was under conditions of good moisture supply (a deep Vertisol site in the high rainfall year of 1978) but the other experienced early moisture stress and had much lower end-of-season soil moisture storage (an Alfisol site in 1979). In 1978 the proportional sorghum yield was not affected by row arrangement (86 and 85% of the sole crop yield for the SSP and SP treatments respectively). Under the drier Alfisol conditions of 1979, the proportional sorghum yield was lower, probably because of the increased competitive ability of the drought resistant pigeonpea, and it was adversely affected by the alternate row arrangement (72% for SSP and 60% for SP).Compared with the SSP arrangement, the SP arrangement increased the level of light interception by the intercropped pigeonpea immediately after the sorghum harvest from 30 to 48 % in 1978 and from 44 to 60 % in 1979; the total energy intercepted during the whole post-sorghum period was increased by 23 and 12 % in the 2 years, respectively. However, these improvements in canopy cover were associated with only small increases in total dry matter of the intercropped pigeonpea at final harvest, from 69 to 74 % of the sole crop in 1978 and from 60 to 65 % in 1979. The increase in seed yield was even less than that in total dry matter in 1978 (from 90 to 93% of the sole crop) but similar in 1979 (71 to 76%); the value of this increase in 1979 was insufficient to offset the decrease in sorghum yield. None of the increases in total dry matter or seed yield of pigeonpea reached significance. It is concluded that with a good moisture supply alternate rows could be an alternative to the 2 sorghum: 1 pigeonpea arrangement, though it offers no additional yield advantage. With poorer moisture supply, alternate rows are not a worthwhile option because of the risk of reducing sorghum yield to an extent that cannot be offset by the small increase in pigeonpea yield.
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Anjaiah, Vanamala, Pierre Cornelis, and Nico Koedam. "Effect of genotype and root colonization in biological control of fusarium wilts in pigeonpea and chickpea byPseudomonas aeruginosaPNA1." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 49, no. 2 (February 1, 2003): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w03-011.
Full textAbstract:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa PNA1, an isolate from chickpea rhizosphere in India, protected pigeonpea and chickpea plants from fusarium wilt disease, which is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceris and Fusarium udum. Inoculation with strain PNA1 significantly reduced the incidence of fusarium wilt in pigeonpea and chickpea on both susceptible and moderately tolerant genotypes. However, strain PNA1 protected the plants from fusarium wilt until maturity only in moderately tolerant genotypes of pigeonpea and chickpea. Root colonization of pigeonpea and chickpea, which was measured using a lacZ-marked strain of PNA1, showed tenfold lower root colonization of susceptible genotypes than that of moderately tolerant genotypes, indicating that this plantbacteria interaction could be important for disease suppression in this plant. Strain PNA1 produced two phenazine antibiotics, phenazine-1-carboxylic acid and oxychlororaphin, in vitro. Its Tn5 mutants (FM29 and FM13), which were deficient in phenazine production, caused a reduction or loss of wilt disease suppression in vivo. Hence, phenazine production by PNA1 also contributed to the biocontrol of fusarium wilt diseases in pigeonpea and chickpea.Key words: biocontrol, fusarium wilts, phenazines, Pseudomonas.
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Brockwell, J., JA Andrews, RR Gault, LG Gemell, GW Griffith, DF Herridge, JF Holland, et al. "Erratic nodulation and nitrogen fixation in field-grown pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.]." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 31, no. 5 (1991): 653. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9910653.
Full textAbstract:
Following numerous reports of nodulation failures in pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] crops in New South Wales, a series of experiments was conducted in glasshouses and at 6 locations in the field. When inoculated seed was grown in moist vermiculite or in sand beds in the glasshouse, pigeonpea nodulated, and fixed N2, normally; but at 3 sites in the field, we could detect neither nodulation nor N2 fixation, despite adequate inoculation or a population of suitable rhizobia in the soil. At another site there was only sporadic occurrence of effective nodules. Nitrogen was fixed at 2 of the 3 field sites on acid soils, but at 1 site it appeared that nodulation was due to a naturally occurring population of soil rhizobia and not to the inoculant. When comparisons were made, pigeonpea was invariably inferior to symbiotically related legumes, cowpea and adzuki bean, in nodulation and N2 fixation. This inferiority was associated with substantially poorer rhizobial colonisation of pigeonpea rhizospheres. The experimental findings confirmed the anecdotal evidence that pigeonpea is an erratically nodulating grain legume on neutral and alkaline soils.
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van Huis, A., and M. de Rooy. "The effect of leguminous plant species onCallosobruchus maculatus(Coleoptera: Bruchidae) and its egg parasitoidUscana lariophaga(Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)." Bulletin of Entomological Research 88, no. 1 (February 1998): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300041596.
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AbstractThe performance of the egg parasitoidUscana lariophagaSteffan was studied when reared on eggs of the bruchid storage pest,Callosobruchus maculatus(Fabricius) developing in seeds of cowpea, chickpea and pigeonpea. The beetle laid more and larger eggs on pigeonpea than on cowpea and chickpea, indicating that there was not a trade-off between number and size of the eggs. The bruchid larvae reared on pigeonpea exhibited a longer development time and a higher mortality than those reared on cowpea and chickpea. The resulting males weighed less than those reared on cowpea and chickpea. The trichogrammatidU. lariophagaparasitized more eggs whenC. maculatuswas reared on chickpea than when reared on the other hosts. Parasitoid larvae developed slowest and had the highest mortality in eggs ofC. maculatusreared on pigeonpea compared to those reared on cowpea and chickpea; the sex ratio (% of females) of the resulting adults was also higher. The high mortality and long development time ofC. maculatusreared on pigeonpea indicated that this legume was less favourable toC. maculatusthan chickpea or cowpea. This was probably also true for the parasitoid since the mortality was higher and development longer in eggs ofC. maculatusreared on pigeonpea compared to those reared on cowpea and chickpea. Therefore, when host eggs were larger and of lower nutritional quality, the proportion of female egg parasitoids was greater.
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Bopape, Francina L., Chrizelle W. Beukes, Kopotsa Katlego, Ahmed I. Hassen, Emma T. Steenkamp, and Eastonce T. Gwata. "Symbiotic Performance and Characterization of Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.) Rhizobia Occurring in South African Soils." Agriculture 13, no. 1 (December 22, 2022): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13010030.
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Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) is an important grain legume, which, like several other legumes, depends on the process of biological nitrogen fixation for its nitrogen (N2) requirement by forming a symbiotic association with rhizobia. Compared to other tropical legumes, however, the productivity of pigeonpea in South Africa is low, despite the extensive interests in developing it for wider markets. To assist this process, the objectives of the current study were to (i) characterize putative indigenous rhizobial strains that were previously derived from local soils with no previous history of legume cultivation and (ii) confirm their nodulation abilities on a local landrace and a genetically improved (exotic) genotype of pigeonpea. DNA-based analyses using the 16S rRNA and recA genes showed that the strains predominantly represented Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium, although we also recovered Phyllobacterium and Paraburkholderia. These rhizobia nodulated both the local landrace and the improved pigeonpea genotype that were included for comparative purposes. In many cases, rhizobia performed similarly on the two genotypes, although the locally sourced landrace mostly performed better in terms of nodulation and plant biomass. While the current study generated vital information regarding the diversity of indigenous rhizobia associating with pigeonpea, further screening (including field inoculation trials) would be necessary to identify possible elite nitrogen fixing rhizobial strains for development as inoculants to enhance South African pigeonpea production.
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Pokhrel, Anil, Sarita Manandhar, and Sangharsh Raj Dangi. "Effect of Sowing Date and Variety on Pigeonpea Production in Nepal." Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science 8, no. 3 (April 10, 2023): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2023/v8i3177.
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Aims: An unsuitable sowing time and selection of inappropriate variety were the main yield limiting factors in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.) cultivation. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to study the effect of sowing dates on growth and yield of pigeonpea varieties.
Study Design: The experiment was laid out in spit plot design.
Place and Duration of Study: This experiment was conducted at the Grain Legumes Research Program (GLRP), Khajura, Banke, Nepal in two consecutive years, 2020/21 and 2021/22.
Methodology: The experiment consisted five sowing dates treatments viz., 2nd July, 17th July, 1st August, 16th August and 31st August as the main-factor and two promising varieties viz., ICPL-88039 and MA-6 as the sub-factor, with three replications.
Results: Both the sowing time and variety significantly influenced all the tested growth and yield parameters of pigeonpea at one percent significance level. Early sowing (2nd July) recorded longer days to flowering and maturity and taller plants that affected the yield. Pigeonpea produced the highest (P ≤ 0.01) seed yield (1482 kg/ha), while seeded on 2nd July. Moreover, the pigeonpea sown on 2nd to 17th July produced 36% more seed yield than sown on 1st to 31st August. Similarly, a promising variety of pigeonpea MA-6 (1028 kg/ha) produced significantly higher (P ≤ 0.01) seed yield compared to the variety ICPL-88039 (888 kg/ha).
Conclusion: The study identified the 2nd July as the most appropriate time of sowing and the MA-6 as a high yielding variety of pigeonpea for the study area in Mid-Western Terai Region of Nepal.
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Chauhan, Y. S., A. R. Sheldrake, and N. Venkataratnam. "Effect of harvest methods on the second flush yield of short-duration pigeonpea (Cajanus cajari)." Journal of Agricultural Science 109, no. 3 (December 1987): 591–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600081818.
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Short-duration pigeonpea can give up to three harvests in environments with mild winters (e.g. minimum temperature above 10 °C) such as those prevailing in peninsular India (Sharma, Saxena & Green. 1978; Chauhan, Venkataratnam & Sheldrake, 1984). This is mainly due to the short time (about 120 days) taken to produce the first flush, and the strong perennial character of pigeonpea. The seed yield of short-duration pigeonpea in this multiple-harvest system may reach 5·2 t/ha (Chauhan et al. 1984).
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Bholane, J. P., and V. M. Bhale. "Effect of canopy relative humidity on growth and yield of pigeonpea + kalmegh intercropping system." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 17, no. 2 (June 15, 2021): 442–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/17.2/442-445.
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A field experiment was conducted at Nagarjun Medicinal Garden, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola during 2009-10 to determine suitable row proportion for pigeonpea + kalmegh intercropping system. Effect of weather parameter such as canopy relative humidity on growth and yield of pigeonpea and kalmegh was studied. Further, canopy relative humidity showed decreasing pattern with the advancement in age of the crop. In pigeonpea maximum morning canopy relative humidity was observed with 2:1 row proportions, however evening canopy relative humidity was maximum with 2:2 row proportion. Dry matter and grain yield of pigeonpea showed positive and negative correlation with morning and evening canopy relative humidity, respectively. While herbage yield, seed yield and andrographoloide yield of kalmegh reported negative and positive correlation with morning and evening canopy relative humidity, respectively.
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SINGH, ANIL KUMAR, ASHUTOSH UPADHYAYA, ARBIND K. CHOUDHRY, KIRTI SAURABH, PAWAN JEET, MONOBURALLAH ., and PK SUNDARAM. "Development of waterlogging tolerant lines of pigeonpea for Eastern India." JOURNAL OF AGRISEARCH 9, no. 03 (September 3, 2021): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21921/jas.v9i03.11002.
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Pigeonpea is very sensitive to waterlogging. At pan India level, approximately 25-30 per cent area of pigeonpea is prone to excess moisture stress. Atotal of 63 germplasms/genotypes were evaluated along with IPAC-79 as the waterlogging tolerant check under controlled partial submergence condition and under waterlogged field condition for selection of waterlogging tolerant pigeonpea lines. Data were recorded for survivability, days to anthesis, per plant seed yield and maturity period. Pigeonpea genotypes ICARPP01, ICARPP02 and ICARPP03 were found promising. ICARPP01 produced highest biomass per plant (746.5g), pods/plant (924.6) and seed yield per plant (151g). The genotype ICARPP01 took minimum number of days for anthesis (124 days) and maturity (197days), whereas the check variety IPAC-79 recorded maximum number of days to anthesis (201 days) and maturity (255 days).
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Akanwe Asiwe, Joseph Nwafor. "Performance and Economic Prospect of Pigeonpea Varieties in Pigeonpea-Maize Strip Intercropping in Limpopo Province." International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 25, no. 01 (January 1, 2021): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.1633.
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Pigeonpea is an important grain legume, and is traditionally intercropped with maize in West Africa and India. Small farmers in Limpopo Province, South Africa, who cultivate pigeonpea landraces under traditional mixed intercropping, experience the challenge of low productivity. Strip intercropping is a novel cropping system has greater efficiency and productivity in resource utilization when compared to mixed intercropping. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the performance of improved pigeonpea varieties under a pigeonpea-maize strip intercropping system. Five pigeonpea varieties (ICEAP 001284, ICEAP 00604, ICEAP 87091, ICEAP 00661 and ICEAP 01101-2) were intercropped in maize as mixed and strip intercropping during the 2015–2016 and 2016/2017 cropping seasons while monocrops of both crops were also maintained as control. The trial for each season was replicated three times in a split plot design. During both seasons, ICEAP 001284 and ICEAP 00604 exhibited the shortest number of days to attain 50% flowering under strip intercropping and monocropping when compared to the remaining varieties. Higher significant (P < 0.05) grain yields (1726 kg ha-1, 1478 kg ha-1 and 858 kg ha-1 were obtained under strip intercropping for ICEAP 001284, ICEAP 01101-2 and ICEAP 00604, respectively during 2016/2017 than their respective grain yields during 2015/2016 season. Strip intercropping out-performed mixed intercropping with a higher land equivalent ratio and cash returns due to its ripple effect in the enhanced yield components. Among the five pigeonpea varieties, ICEAP 001284, ICEAP 00604 and ICEAP 01101-2, performed exceedingly well in their crop mixtures. In conclusion, the three pigeonpea varieties were selected for cultivation under strip intercropping. Strip intercropping exhibited greater efficiency in resource utilization and productivity over mixed intercropping in terms of grain yield, land equivalent ratio, net profit, and benefit-cost ratio. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers
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Kumar, P. Lava, A. T. Jones, P. Sreenivasulu, B. Fenton, and D. V. R. Reddy. "Characterization of a Virus from Pigeonpea with Affinities to Species in the Genus Aureusvirus, Family Tombusviridae." Plant Disease 85, no. 2 (February 2001): 208–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2001.85.2.208.
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In attempts to identify the causal agent of pigeonpea sterility mosaic disease (PSMD), which is transmitted by eriophyid mites, a virus was isolated with great difficulty from some PSMD-affected pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) plants from different locations in India. Once isolated from pigeonpea, the virus was transmitted readily by mechanical inoculation to several herbaceous species, reaching very high concentrations in some species. The virus was transmitted experimentally through soil to herbaceous test plants but not to pigeonpea. When virus particles were purified and inoculated mechanically to healthy pigeonpea, the virus induced necrosis in inoculated leaves only and did not spread systemically. Therefore, the virus is not the causal agent of PSMD. The virus has isometric particles approximately 30 nm in diameter that sediment as a single component and had a buoyant density in CsCl and Cs2SO4 of 1.34 and 1.27 g·cc-1, respectively. Purified virus particle preparations contained a single major protein of approximately 44 kDa and three RNA species of approximately 4,300, 2,700, and 1,500 nucleotides. Only the largest RNA species was infective to plants; the two smaller species were encapsidated subgenomic species of the 3′ end of the larger genomic RNA. The viral genome was sequenced and showed 93% homology to that of Pothos latent virus (PoLV), a recently described virus in the genus Aureusvirus, family Tombusviridae, and was indistinguishable from PoLV in gel double-diffusion serological tests. This virus, therefore, is regarded as a pigeonpea isolate of PoLV (PoLV-PP). In field studies in different locations in India, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction detected PoLV-PP in 10.7% of PSMD-affected and 8.1% of asymptomatic pigeonpea plants. The significance of these findings is discussed.
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Nisha, Singh, Narula Bhawna, Ujinwal Megha, and Langyan Sapna. "Pigeonpea sterility mosaic virus a green plague-Current status of available drug and new potential targets." Annals of Proteomics and Bioinformatics 5, no. 1 (June 14, 2021): 008–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.29328/journal.apb.1001013.
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Pigeonpea is one of the important legume crops with high protein content and nutritional traits. It has enormous potency for its widespread adoption by farming communities. It is affected by various kinds of biotic and abiotic stresses. In the context, of biotic stresses Sterility mosaic disease (SMD) is one of the severe diseases in pigeonpea which ultimately lead to the drastic yield loss. The virus belongs to the genus Emaravirus, family- Fimoviridae. SMD is associated with two diverse types of Emaravirus, Pigeonpea sterility mosaic virus1 (PPSMV-1) and Pigeonpea sterility mosaic virus 2 (PPSMV-2). It is transmitted by the mite (Aceria cajani), mainly environmental contributing to the feasibility for the mites for the inoculation of the virus. The SMD is mainly governed by two genes SV1 that includes the dominant allele and serves as an inhibitory action on the resistance of the SV2. Methods for identification of the virus include RT-PCR, DIBA and ELISA using alkaline phosphatase or penicillinase. To control SMV disease farmers generally adopted intercropping methods. There are few potential drugs have been identified for the administration of the disease such as 0.1% Fenazaquin, Dicofol, Imidacloripid, Carbosulfan; Spiromesifin includes the inhibition of the mite inoculation on the pigeonpea plant. The present review describes compressive and systematic insights on SMV protein targets and potential drugs that could be utilized as the presumed drug targets for the finding of true drugs against the SMD in pigeonpea.
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Jones, A. Teifion, P. Lava Kumar, K. B. Saxena, N. K. Kulkarni, V. Muniyappa, and Farid Waliyar. "Sterility Mosaic Disease—the “Green Plague” of Pigeonpea: Advances in Understanding the Etiology, Transmission and Control of a Major Virus Disease." Plant Disease 88, no. 5 (May 2004): 436–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2004.88.5.436.
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Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan), is a grain legume that is a very important subsistence crop in marginal farming systems adopted by millions of smallholder farmers in the Indian subcontinent. It is grown for its seed for human consumption and for income generation by trading surpluses in local and commercial markets, but is widely used for diverse purposes, including as animal fodder and for soil conservation. Sterility mosaic (SMD) is the most damaging disease of pigeonpea endemic in the Indian subcontinent. It causes yield losses of >US$300 million per annum in India and Nepal alone. SMD-affected plants show severe stunting and mosaic symptoms on leaves, with complete or partial cessation of flowering. The SMD causal agent is spread by the arthropod mite vector Aceria cajani (Acari: Eriophyidae). Cultivating SMD-resistant genotypes is the most viable way to manage this serious disease of pigeonpea. Progress in developing broad-based SMD resistant material has been hindered by the lack of knowledge of the causal agent, the absence of diagnostic tools, and factors influencing host-plant resistance. After seven decades of research, vital breakthroughs made on the identification, detection, transmission, and epidemiology of the SMD causal agent, Pigeonpea sterility mosaic virus (PPSMV), are enabling the development of broad-based durable resistant pigeonpea cultivars. These breakthroughs will contribute greatly to sustainable pigeonpea production and enhance the income and livelihood of poor farmers in the semi-arid tropics of the Indian subcontinent.
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B. KIRAN GANDHI, S.K. SINGH, KRISHNA KUMAR, S. VENNILA, Y. SRUJANA, ARTI KATIYAR, and N.P. SINGH. "Forecasting Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larval phenology in pigeonpea and chickpea crops using growing degree days." Journal of Agrometeorology 22, no. 3 (November 10, 2021): 320–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.54386/jam.v22i3.293.
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Gram pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera is a serious insect pest of pigeonpea and chickpea crops, responsible for huge economic losses. Timely forecasting and subsequent sensible management practices of H. armigera would save the crops from economic damage. In the present study, H. armigera larval incidence data was recorded from sixteen pigeonpea and chickpea growing locations (Maharashtra, India) for three seasons (2015, 2016 and 2017). Observed accumulated GDD (from 40 SMW to 7 SMW) revealed, H. armigera completed one generation in 29 days to develop 4 generations across the locations and seasons. After accumulating 86GDD (40 SMW) and 62 GDD (43 SMW), larval ‘biofix’ (initial incidence of larvae) was started in pigeonpea and chickpea, respectively. Logistic regression model estimated accumulated GDD required by H. armigera larvae to reach ETL in pigeonpea (629 GDD) and chickpea (378 GDD), which was same as observed accumulated GDD. Statistical criteria viz., Adjusted r2, AIC and BIC projected logistic regression model as a better performer in most cases. The geographically unique models developed based on biofix and accumulated GDD in this study can be used for timely advisories and sustainable management of H. armigera in pigeonpea and chickpea crops after field validation.
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Tharageshwari, L. M., A. Thanga Hemavathy, P. Jayamani, and L. Karthiba. "Evaluation of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) genotypes against pigeonpea sterility mosaic disease." Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding 10, no. 2 (2019): 727. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0975-928x.2019.00094.2.
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