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Wrana, Bogumił, and Jan Wrana. "Buildings of the John Paul II Center – a challenge for civil engineering and architecture." Budownictwo i Architektura 19, no. 4 (2020): 109–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.2139.
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The buildings of the John Paul II Centre (CJPII) are located in Cracow-Łagiewniki on a heap of limestone sediments from the former "Solvay" Sodium Plant in Cracow. The area is called "White Seas" (Białe Morze) and is located in the natural depression of the Wilga river valley, between Św. Józefa hill in the north and Borkowska Hill (Góra Borkowska) in the south-west. The limestone sediments as a building substrate for CJPII buildings is unprecedented ground in the world and thus a challenge for civil engineering. The height of the heap reaches about 15 m and has retained the consistency of a white pulp until today. CJPII buildings are objects of the third geotechnical category, founded on a foundation slab of 0.8-m thickness, and in the central part of 0.45-m thickness. The slab is based on 200 reinforced concrete CFA-type drilled piles with a diameter of 1000 mm and 650 mm and length up to 26 m. The load-bearing structure of the CJPII buildings is a reinforced concrete frame and shell structure. The symbolism of the urban complex (e.g. the scale of the market square in Wadowice), located on a system of 200 piles above the post-industrial landfill/heaps of sediments, is ensured with architectural solutions referring to places connected with the life of John Paul II – during the occupation in 1940-1944 he was a student of Jagiellonian University in Cracow and the worker of the Solvay factory in the Podgórze district, in 1958 he became a bishop of Cracow, in 1967 – the cardinal (architectural details from the St. Mary Church and the Wawel Cathedral), 1978-2005 – the pilgrim-pope from Rome, who confirmed the mission of the Church continuing the tradition depicted in the early-christian churches on the wall mosaics (the Basilica of San Vitale and the Basilica of Sant’ Apollinare Nuovo in Ravenna).
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Taibah, Hassan, Sudha Arlikatti, and Simon Andrew. "Risk communication for religious crowds: preferences of Hajj pilgrims." Disaster Prevention and Management 27, no. 1 (2018): 102–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-09-2017-0215.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe empirical research intended to gauge the channels of risk information and their perceived effectiveness expressed by Hajj pilgrims in 2013 to better inform risk-reduction strategies at crowded religious events. Design/methodology/approach To do so, a research team partially funded by the Transportation and Crowd Management Center of Research Excellence from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia conducted face-to-face interviews with 348 Hajj pilgrims in 2013. The semi-structured survey instrument used the Protective Action Decision Model framework to gather information on six pre-decisional variables that influence threat perceptions, stakeholder perceptions and decisions to take protective actions against impending threats. Findings Results of the multinomial logit regression using the traditional media (i.e. television and radio) as the reference category found support for ease of access, language of choice, gender and age differentials, as factors positively or negatively influencing respondents’ selections of their top three most preferred channels for risk communication materials. Printed materials (i.e. pamphlets and billboards) ranked first followed by smart technologies and outreach activities. Research limitations/implications The convenience sampling strategy adopted with only four female interviewers compared to 17 male interviewers, limited the number of female respondents to only 47 (13.7 percent) due to cultural restrictions. Interviews were conducted only in English and Arabic, leaving out the preferences of other language speakers. Originality/value Despite these limitations, this study makes a valuable contribution to theory and practice by highlighting the social and cognitive variables influencing risk communication at Hajj. No studies to date have examined choices and preferences of heterogeneous Hajj pilgrims.
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Piktushanskaya, T. E. "Protecting workers’ health for 60 years." Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology, no. 7 (July 31, 2018): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2018-7-4-9.
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Retrospective analysis covered stages of formation and development of Occupational Pathology center in Rostov region, its structure and functional interrelations, information basis and scientific methodic supplies of its activities. The authors summarized materials on organization of diagnostic survey, treatment, prevention of occupational diseases in miners and workers of various economic branches, of medical rehabilitation of patients. The article covers development directions of system concerning workers’ health preservation in regional occupational pathology center.
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Piktushanskaya, T. E. "Structure of causes of death in miners with diagnosed occupational disease." Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology, no. 9 (March 19, 2020): 720. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-59-9-720-721.
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The author analyzed the causes of death of 8082 coal miners who were diagnosed with occupational disease in Rostov Occupational pathology center and died between 1990 and 2015. A comparative analysis of the structure of miners’ causes of death and the structure of causes of death of adult male population of Rostov region for the same calendar period was carried out.
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Dashkova, E. S., and N. V. Dorokhova. "Experience in building and managing a labor protection system in a health care institution." Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies 80, no. 2 (2018): 328–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2018-2-328-334.
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Management of the occupational safety system in all organizations, as well as in health care institutions, should be devoid of formalism, which is now extremely rare and is represented only by isolated practices in some organizations, which confirms the relevance of their study and generalization of experience. For the analysis of experience of management of system of labor protection the operating normative legal base of Federal, branch, regional levels, and also data of the reporting of the Voronezh regional clinical consultative and diagnostic center concerning labor protection and safety was used. The study of the experience of management of the occupational safety system in the Voronezh regional clinical consultative and diagnostic center revealed the stages of its formation, the structure of the current occupational safety system and its regulatory framework. The process of building the occupational safety system in the Voronezh regional clinical consultative and diagnostic center was carried out in two stages. The first stage is the creation of a structure for labor protection. The second stage is the systematization of labor protection activities and the expansion of the local regulatory framework. The study of the authors allowed to draw the following conclusions: there are no cases of occupational injuries and occupational diseases in the Voronezh regional clinical consultative and diagnostic center; the medical establishment is actively and continuously involved in the contest for best organization of work on labor protection, gets the prizes. Voronezh regional clinical consultative and diagnostic center has a large number of diplomas, valuable gifts for work in the field of labor protection. The authors concluded that the study approach to the management of labor protection system in the Voronezh regional clinical consultative and diagnostic center devoid of formalism, is positive and can be used in other organizations regardless of their industry sector.
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Piktushanskaya, T. E., N. V. Yakovleva, M. S. Bryleva, and A. N. Churanova. "Concepts of occupational morbidity formation in miners of Rostov coal basin." Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology, no. 8 (August 28, 2018): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2018-8-38-42.
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The authors analyzed informational statistic materials of Occupational pathology center in Rostov region over 1960–2016 and information on retrospectively formed cohort of coal miners (1990–2015). Medical and demographic characteristics of the cohort covered work conditions, age at occupational disease diagnosis in the miners, structure and dynamics of occupational morbidity in various occupational groups. Over the stated time interval, unfavorable work conditions of the coal miners were associated with high risk of occupational disease development. The miners of the studied cohort appeared to have respiratory diseases and vibration disease at able-bodied age (70.4%) prevalent in occupational diseases structure.
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Garipova, Railya V., Leonid A. Strizhakov, Yuri Yu Gorblyansky, and Sergey A. Babanov. "New coronavirus infection as an occupational disease: complex expert cases." Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology 61, no. 11 (2021): 720–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2021-61-11-720-725.
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Introduction. The professional activity of medical workers (MW) is in close contact with daily contact with various factors of the production environment: physical, chemical, biological, and labor processes. Until 2020, tuberculosis and viral hepatitis prevailed in the structure of occupational diseases (OD) of the medical workers in the Russian Federation. According to the State report "On the state of sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population in the Russian Federation in 2020," the first ranking the second place in the structure of occupational diseases, depending on the impact of harmful production factor took the illnesses associated with the action of biological factors - 20,19%, while the main reason for the growth in the incidence of healthcare workers in coronavirus infection COVID-19 (further COVID-19). The study aims were to identify problematic aspects in the establishment of the COVID-19 work from MW. Materials and methods. We have given descriptions of clinical cases, as well as a retrospective analysis of issues of OD according to the patient registers of the following medical institutions: the Center of Occupational Pathology of Sechenov University, the Republican Center of Occupational Pathology of the Ministry of Health, Republic of Tatarstan, the Regional Center of Occupational Pathology of the Samara Region. Results. In 2020, COVID-19 was the most common OD with fatal outcomes and complications in healthcare workers. Today, difficulties in determining the connection of COVID-19 with the profession arise when assessing the epidemiological history, the consequences after a coronavirus infection, and the formulation of the diagnosis. Conclusions. For a qualitative examination of the connection of COVID-19 with the profession, it is necessary to develop a list of clinical conditions with the definition of the timing of complications.
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Babanov, S. A., T. A. Azovskova, N. E. Lavrentieva, et al. "Occupational morbidity in the Samara Region: features and trends, prospects for prevention." Glavvrač (Chief Medical Officer), no. 9 (September 27, 2024): 18–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-03-2409-02.
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The analysis of indicators and structure of occupational morbidity is a relevant aspect for its forecasting and prevention. The article presents the results of the study of the main indicators of occupational morbidity in the Samara Region; their features, differences from similar indicators in the Russian Federation, and trends of their changes in the period from 2019 to 2023 have been determined. The analysis of the structure of occupational diseases, taking into account nosological forms and professions, has been carried out according to the data of the Samara Regional Center of Occupational Pathology. The features of the structure and dynamics of indicators of occupational morbidity of medical workers in the Samara Region, including in the context of the pandemic of the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19 in 2020‑2021 and in the post-pandemic period, have been determined. The need to improve the quality of preliminary and periodic medical examinations and preventive measures, and enhance the assessment of causal relationship between disease and occupation is emphasized.
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Babanov, S. A., T. A. Azovskova, N. E. Lavrentieva, and N. G. Nagovskaya. "Occupational morbidity in a large industrial region during the COVID-19 pandemic and in the post-pandemic period (according to the Samara Region data)." Terapevt (General Physician), no. 09 (September 27, 2024): 5–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-12-2409-01.
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The analysis of indicators and structure of occupational morbidity is an important aspect for its forecasting and prevention. The article presents the results of the study of the main indicators of occupational morbidity in the Sa mara Region; their features, differences from similar indicators in the Russian Federation, and trends of their changes in the period from 2019 to 2023 have been determined. The analysis of the structure of occupational diseases, taking into account nosological forms and professions, has been carried out according to the data of the Samara Regional Center of Occupational Pathology. The features of the structure and dynamics of indicators of occupational morbidity of medical work ers in the Samara Region, including in the context of the pandemic of the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19 in 2020–2021 and in the post-pandemic period, have been determined. The need to improve the quality of preliminary and periodic medical examinations and preventive measures, and enhance the assessment of causal relationship between disease and occupation is emphasized.
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BERHEEVA, ZUKHRA M., ALMAS A. IMAMOV, ELENA V. IGNATANS, and MINZILYA M. SABITOVA. "SPECIAL ASPECTS OF THE OCCUPATIONAL MORBIDITY TIME PROFILE AND STRUCTURE IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN." Bulletin of Contemporary Clinical Medicine 16, no. 5 (2023): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.20969/vskm.2023.16(5).78-85.
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Introduction. In their labor activities, employees are exposed to some hazardous and harmful factors of the working environment, of which the key ones are physical factors, such as noise or local/general vibration; physical and functional overloads of the musculoskeletal system; aerosols of predominantly fibrogenic action; and dust. The core indicator characterizing the occupational risk of a health problems is occupational morbidity. Aim. Studying the time profile and structure of occupational morbidity in employees of the Republic of Tatarstan. Material and methods. Occupational morbidity over the years 2007-2021 was analyzed. Over the period under research, occupational illnesses were diagnosed in 2,546 employees of 130 occupational categories. Results and discussion. The highest rates of occupational morbidity were recorded among employees of agricultural and mechanical engineering enterprises and companies. About 60% of occupational diseases were diagnosed in those pursuing 7 professions. What stands out is the similarity of occupational pathologies in assembly workers and riveters, fettlers, and farm-machine operators, who were diagnosed with vibration syndrome and occupational deafness. Occupational diseases of respiratory and musculoskeletal systems were additionally diagnosed in fettlers. In milkmaids, the occupational diseases of musculoskeletal system take the leading place. Polymorbidity of occupational pathology is most pronounced in machine milking operators followed by tractor drivers and fettlers. Conclusion. It is necessary to ensure early occupational pathology diagnoses in routine health screenings and timely referrals to the occupational pathology center in order to perform causal relationship assessments between disease and occupation.
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Rumin, Cassiano Ricardo. "Políticas públicas em Saúde do Trabalhador e extensão em Psicologia." Revista Ciência em Extensão 12, no. 3 (2016): 137–53. https://doi.org/10.23901/1679-4605.2016v12n3p137-153.
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Articulating legal frameworks in Occupational Health with the education process in Psychology determined community service actions. This paper aims to present the experience of applying the public guidelines in Occupational Health in the curricular structure, professional training and community services of a Psychology program. The results indicate that the Care Center in Occupational Health (NAST) was established in 2004 and offered professional training experiences in Work Psychology. It particularly attended to the occupational health demand in the Psychology Center of the Faculdades Adamantinenses Integradas (FAI). The theoretical and technical resources employed to respond to this demand involved the psychodynamics of work, the work burden model, the collective health measures, psychodiagnosis techniques and participatory methods for health promotion. The educational background in Occupational health can allow the students to take a critical stance towards exploitation at work and the studies disseminate information hidden in the productive processes about the workers’ health problems. In conclusion, the education of psychologists who are active in occupational health branches responds to the movement in federal governmental entities that takes form in the services delivered in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS).
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Goryaev, Nikolay I., Olga N. Gorbacheva, and Pavel V. Serebryakov. "Methodological approaches to the detection of occupational cancer on the example of the Center for Occupational Pathology of the Trans-Baikal Territory." Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology 64, no. 12 (2024): 791–98. https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2024-64-12-791-798.
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Introduction. Occupational malignant neoplasms (OMN) in the structure of occupational pathology in our country for a long time occupy the last rank place, amounting to no more than 0.5%. In fact, in the Russian Federation, doctors detect from 20 to 40 cases of occupational cancer every year. The share of OMN in the structure of occupational diseases detected in the EEC countries is about 5% (up to 3,700 cases per year). The actual number of detected cases of occupational cancer in our country is several orders of magnitude lower than forecast estimates. The problem of incomplete detection of occupational cancer is quite multifaceted, largely due to the lack of vigilance of primary care doctors, the high probability of a long latent period of the disease, etc. The study aims to find possible causes of occupational cancer based on data on newly identified cases of OMN entered into the regional cancer registry. Materials and methods. The objects of the study were 1,359 primary cases of OMN, entered into the regional cancer registry on the basis of the Zabaikalsky regional oncological dispensary. Scientists have developed an algorithm of actions, on the basis of which they carried out the selection of cases, taking into account the localization of the disease, anamnestic information, age parameters. The authors identified cases with suspicion of the occupational nature of the disease, followed by a request for documents necessary to conduct an examination of the connection of the disease with working conditions. On the basis of the Center for Occupational Pathology of the Trans-Baikal Territory, specialists conducted a direct examination and summed up the final results. Results. The authors selected 49 patients from 1359 cases and, after an additional request for information on the professional path, work experience in comparison with the nosological form of OMN, identified 16 cases with suspected occupational disease, of which a causal relationship between the development of the disease and working conditions was established in 12 cases, including 4 cases in patients in the post-contact period. Limitations. The study is limited by the number of cancer cases provided for analysis. Conclusion. The data obtained indicate that, using the example of one subject of the federation, over 10 months of work on the targeted analysis of cancer registry data, the number of cases of occupational cancer was revealed, almost comparable to the number of similar diseases detected in a year in the whole country. Ethics. The conduct of the study did not require the conclusion of the Ethics committee.
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Burkle, Frederick M., Edbert B. Hsu, Michael Loehr, et al. "Definition and Functions of Health Unified Command and Emergency Operations Centers for Large-scale Bioevent Disasters Within the Existing ICS." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 1, no. 2 (2007): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/dmp.0b013e3181583d66.
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ABSTRACTThe incident command system provides an organizational structure at the agency, discipline, or jurisdiction level for effectively coordinating response and recovery efforts during most conventional disasters. This structure does not have the capacity or capability to manage the complexities of a large-scale health-related disaster, especially a pandemic, in which unprecedented decisions at every level (eg, surveillance, triage protocols, surge capacity, isolation, quarantine, health care staffing, deployment) are necessary to investigate, control, and prevent transmission of disease. Emerging concepts supporting a unified decision-making, coordination, and resource management system through a health-specific emergency operations center are addressed and the potential structure, function, roles, and responsibilities are described, including comparisons across countries with similar incident command systems. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2007;1:135–141)
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Fayzrakhmanova, Gul’nara M., Artur M. Delyan, Rustem I. Sadykov, Ol’ga R. Radchenko, and Vyacheslav F. Chikayev. "Dynamics, Level and Structure of Injuries among Urban Residents." NAUKA MOLODYKH (Eruditio Juvenium) 12, no. 2 (2024): 157–64. https://doi.org/10.23888/hmj2024122157-164.
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INTRODUCTION: Injuries have been and remain the main medical and social problem of modern medicine, which is especially acute in industrialized regions of Russia. Studying injury rate is important for developing and improving measures for their prevention. AIM: To study of injury rate among the urban population of Kazan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on the base of the trauma center of Sadykov City Clinical Hospital No. 7. For the analysis, data from Form No. 57 ‘Information on injuries, poisoning and some other consequences of exposure to external factors’ were used. The dynamics and structure of injuries were studied among the population of Novo-Savinovsky district of Kazan for 2020–2022. Patients who visited the trauma center, were analyzed by gender, causes and types of trauma. The level of primary morbidity per 100 thousand population was calculated, parameters of the dynamics and structure of injuries were determined. For the analysis, methods of parametric and non-parametric statistics were used: for relative values, the proportion of the attribute was calculated, reliability of differences was determined using Fisher’s test; for quantitative variables, mean values and error of mean were determined, reliability of differences was evaluated using Student’s test; the dynamics was evaluated by constructing a simple direct tendency with use of Microsoft Excel program package. RESULTS: The conducted analysis showed that during the study period, the injury rate among the residents of Novo-Savinovsky district of Kazan, reliably exceeded republican average values by 1.29 times (t = 2.58; р ≤ 0.05). A reliable 1.13 times increase in the proportion of children and teenagers in the structure of patients of the trauma center was observed (φemp = 10.42; α ≤ 0,01), and a reliable increase in the proportion of males by 4.32% (φemp = 2.024; α ≤ 0.05). In the adult population, among non-occupational injuries, a reliable tendency to decline of trafic injuries was noted (y = -17x + 358.33; R² = 0.97) with simultaneous reliable increase (y = 335x + 1536; R² = 0.98) in street injuries by 1.35 times in 2022 (φemp = 9.97; α ≤ 0.01). The structure of Kazan citizens managed at the trauma center can be considered characteristic of large cities: a proportion of superficial injuries makes a little more than a third of all the patients, a proportion of dislocations, muscle stretches, muscle and tendon injuries makes a little more than a quarter, and fractures of limbs and other locations of the body account for a little less than a quarter of injuries. CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained can be used by healthcare managers to plan and improve the activities of trauma centers, as well as to strengthen preventive activities of employees of the hygienic education departments of the Rospotrebnadzor Administration and the Centers for Public Health and Medical Prevention, to develop active propaganda to prevent street injuries.
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Pietrzak, R. H., A. Feder, C. B. Schechter, et al. "Dimensional structure and course of post-traumatic stress symptomatology in World Trade Center responders." Psychological Medicine 44, no. 10 (2013): 2085–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291713002924.
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BackgroundPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in response to the World Trade Center (WTC) disaster of 11 September 2001 (9/11) is one of the most prevalent and persistent health conditions among both professional (e.g. police) and non-traditional (e.g. construction worker) WTC responders, even several years after 9/11. However, little is known about the dimensionality and natural course of WTC-related PTSD symptomatology in these populations.MethodData were analysed from 10 835 WTC responders, including 4035 police and 6800 non-traditional responders who were evaluated as part of the WTC Health Program, a clinic network in the New York area established by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) were used to evaluate structural models of PTSD symptom dimensionality; and autoregressive cross-lagged (ARCL) panel regressions were used to examine the prospective interrelationships among PTSD symptom clusters at 3, 6 and 8 years after 9/11.ResultsCFAs suggested that five stable symptom clusters best represent PTSD symptom dimensionality in both police and non-traditional WTC responders. This five-factor model was also invariant over time with respect to factor loadings and structural parameters, thereby demonstrating its longitudinal stability. ARCL panel regression analyses revealed that hyperarousal symptoms had a prominent role in predicting other symptom clusters of PTSD, with anxious arousal symptoms primarily driving re-experiencing symptoms, and dysphoric arousal symptoms primarily driving emotional numbing symptoms over time.ConclusionsResults of this study suggest that disaster-related PTSD symptomatology in WTC responders is best represented by five symptom dimensions. Anxious arousal symptoms, which are characterized by hypervigilance and exaggerated startle, may primarily drive re-experiencing symptoms, while dysphoric arousal symptoms, which are characterized by sleep disturbance, irritability/anger and concentration difficulties, may primarily drive emotional numbing symptoms over time. These results underscore the importance of assessment, monitoring and early intervention of hyperarousal symptoms in WTC and other disaster responders.
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Lee, Seong Chul. "The Effect of Tutoring Center Instructors' Job Factors on Employment Insecurity: Focusing on the Dual Labor Market Theory." Research Institute for Life and Culture Sogang University 65 (August 31, 2022): 43–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17924/solc.2022.65.43.
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The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of tutoring center instructors' job factors on employment insecurity. To this end, an empirical analysis was performed on the employment insecurity of tutoring center instructors based on the dual labor market theory by conducting a survey. In order to achieve the research objectives, a survey was performed with 215 tutoring center instructors with more than one year of teaching experience.
 The results of analyzing are as follows: first, there was no statistically significant difference in the research subjects' employment insecurity according to their personal factors, while a significant difference was found depending on their professional experience and lecture subjects. Second, the job factors of the tutoring center instructors were found to affect their employment insecurity: employment insecurity was higher in instructors with a lower wage, those working at a smaller institution, and those without employment insurance. In other words, tutoring center instructors who work at a small institute for a low wage without social benefits such as employment insurance show higher employment insecurity. This indicates that the dual structure of the job market is also applied to the occupational group of tutoring center instructors. Therefore, it is necessary to pay more attention to tutoring center instructors working at smaller institutions for a lower wage and to provide expanded employment insurance programs for tutoring centers.
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Wendl, Mary J., and Mary E. Cramer. "Evaluating Effective Leadership and Governance in a Midwestern Agricultural Safety and Health Coalition." Workplace Health & Safety 66, no. 2 (2017): 84–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2165079917729172.
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Agricultural Centers are a coalition of organizations and individual members with a common purpose: to improve the health and safety of the agricultural community. Successful leadership and governance are essential in accomplishing these goals. This article examined the effectiveness of a midwestern Agricultural Health and Safety Center (Ag Center) leadership and governance structure. The Internal Coalition Outcomes Hierarchy (ICOH) framework and the Internal Coalition Effectiveness (ICE©) instrument were used, with field visit interviews conducted to gain further insight. Combined comparative findings from both research methods showed that scores in each of the categories increased. Adjustments led to stronger collaborative leadership, vital to successful population health improvement programs. This study showcases coalition qualities in a broader environment, capturing a clearer depiction of leadership and member interaction. Field visit interviews confirmed that this midwestern Ag Center continued to have strong levels of effectiveness in each of the conceptual constructs of a coalition.
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Liu, Linlin, Bohong Zheng, Chen Luo, Komi Bernard Bedra, and Francis Masrabaye. "Access to City Center: Automobile vs. Public Transit." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 9 (2022): 5622. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095622.
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For current territory development planning in China, city center accessibility (CCA) has gained increasing attention for evaluating the expansion of urban areas. How should CCA and its differences between the automobile and public transit (PT) modes be measured? We analyzed CCA from travel time and travel cost perspectives using the travel data obtained from the Baidu Map at a 100 m × 100 m resolution. The GWR was then examined to explore the correlation between the explanatory variables and the CCA differences. Automobile-based CCA shows a concentric structure and varies with time, while PT-based CCA has an apparent linear expansion along the metro lines and fluctuates less. When measuring by travel cost instead of travel time, CCA gaps between the two modes are lessened, and the automobile’s advantage is no longer evident. The distance from the metro stations has a significant positive effect on CCA differences, and the positive effect concentrates in the 3.6 km range (measured by travel time) and 2.8 km range (measured by travel cost) range around the metro stations. Our study highlights the importance of multiple perspectives when comparing the accessibility of different transport modes, and the results also provide implications for policy-makers.
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Privado, Jesús, and Jesús Garrido. "Factorial Structure of the Spanish Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scales in HIV Patients." Community Mental Health Journal 49, no. 4 (2013): 492–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10597-013-9618-2.
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Garipova, R. V., and Z. M. Berkheeva. "Occupational pathology of respiratory organs in health care workers: issues of timely diagnosis." Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology, no. 2 (February 21, 2020): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2020-60-2-89-92.
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Introduction. In the structure of occupational diseases of medical workers, respiratory pathology occupies a leading place, accounting for 60% in the Republic of Tatarstan. The most common are diseases from exposure to infectious agents in the form of various forms of respiratory tuberculosis. Most often, an infiltrative form is diagnosed, accompanied in 48.6% of cases by bacilli discharge.The aim of the study is to explore the structure of occupational respiratory diseases in workers of the healthcare industry of the Republic of Tatarstan, to identify factors that affect their early diagnosis during medical examinations.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of cases of occupational respiratory diseases in health care workers according to the office of Rospotrebnadzor of the Republic of Tatarstan and the register of patients of the Republican Center of Occupational Pathology.Results. In the structure of occupational diseases of the respiratory system, the leading place is occupied by pulmonary tuberculosis, amounting to 86%, followed by bronchial asthma–8%, chronic toxic bronchitis–4% and subatrophic rhinopharyngolaryngitis–2%. Analysis of cases of occupational respiratory pathology showed that only tuberculosis was detected during periodic medical examinations. Other respiratory diseases were diagnosed by applying for medical care, when there was a pronounced negative trend and when the disease was initially associated with the profession, we had to talk about sending it to the Bureau of medical and social expertise.Conclusions. Early diagnosis of occupational respiratory diseases of allergic etiology and toxic respiratory lesions in medical workers at periodic medical examinations can be achieved by the quality of a special assessment of working conditions due to the mandatory assessment of the chemical factor-contact with allergens, antitumor drugs, hormones, enzymes of microbial origin, narcotic analgesics, regardless of the concentration of harmful substances in the air of the working area. It is also necessary to take into account the presence of substances with an acute irritant effect.
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Bukhtiyarov, I. V., G. I. Tikhonova, T. E. Piktushanskaya, M. S. Brylеva, T. Yu Gorchakova, and A. N. Churanova. "Comparative evaluation of life span in individuals with occupational diseases: methodic approaches." Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology, no. 7 (July 31, 2018): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2018-7-9-15.
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The authors specified a method of comparative evaluation of life span for individuals with occupational diseases and general population of corresponding age and sex. The method was tested on materials of database from Rostov regionalOccupational Pathology center. Comparative analysis covered age and death causes in 8082 coal miners with confirmed occupational disease, who died during subsequent 26 years (01/01/1990–31/12/2015), and data on male population mortality in Rostov region over the same period. The method specified helped to define that life span in the miners with occupational disease is shorter by 2.9 years vs. that in general male population of the same age.Total share of death with diseases considered occupational or occupationally conditioned in miners equaled 93.3% in the main group, and the share of other causes is less than 7% vs. 33.4% in the general male population of Rostov region.Testing of the suggested methodic approach proves that it can be applied for comparative evaluation of life span and structure of mortality causes in individuals with occupational diseases in various regions of the country, for various occupational groups or certain entities (nosology types) in occupational pathology.
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Weinstein, Lara Carson, Qais Iqbal, Amy Cunningham, et al. "Retention of Patients With Multiple Vulnerabilities in a Federally Qualified Health Center Buprenorphine Program: Pennsylvania, 2017–2018." American Journal of Public Health 110, no. 4 (2020): 580–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2019.305525.
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Objectives. To describe and report initial outcomes of a low-threshold, group-based primary care medication for opioid use disorder (OUD) program in a federally qualified health center. Methods. We performed a retrospective chart review of patients enrolled in the program from October 4, 2017, to October 3, 2018, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The main outcome measure was time retained in treatment, defined as time from treatment initiation to unplanned treatment termination. Secondary outcomes were the relationships between treatment retention and cocaine use or housing status. We analyzed retention in treatment using Kaplan-Meier survival estimates. Results. The 3- and 6-month retention rates were 82% and 63%, respectively. The log-rank test showed no significant differences for comparisons between homeless versus not homeless (P = .25) and cocaine use versus no cocaine use (P = .12). Conclusions. The medication for OUD program engaged a large number of patients from marginalized groups. Three- and 6-month retention rates were comparable with those reported of other federally qualified health center populations. Public Health Implications. Integrating treatment of OUD into primary care shows promise for increasing access to and retention in medication for OUD services. The federally qualified health center payment structure supports the sustainability of the group visit model.
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Williams, Anita, Mathieu Amand, Rafael Van den Bergh, Hilde De Clerck, Annick Antierens, and Pascale Chaillet. "Ensuring On-site Ebola Patient Monitoring and Follow-up: Development of a Laboratory Structure Embedded in an Ebola Treatment Center." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 13, no. 5-6 (2019): 1028–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2019.39.
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ABSTRACTThe capacity to rapidly distinguish Ebola virus disease from other infectious diseases and to monitor biochemistry and viremia levels is crucial to the clinical management of suspected Ebola virus disease cases. This article describes the design and practical considerations of a laboratory straddling the high- and low-risk zones of an Ebola treatment center to produce timely diagnostic and clinical results for informed case management of Ebola virus disease in real-life conditions. This innovation may be of relevance for actors requiring flexible laboratory implementation in contexts of high-communicability, high-lethality disease outbreaks.
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Karamova, Lena M., Elvira T. Valeeva, Rasima R. Galimova, et al. "Features of the occupational prevalence in health workers in the Republic of Bashkortostan over 2017–2022." Hygiene and sanitation 102, no. 11 (2023): 1192–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2023-102-11-1192-1198.
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Introduction. The labour of health workers (HW) is associated with the impact of adverse factors of various nature including chemical, physical, biological, high neuro-emotional stress, physical activity. All these factors, high workload, round-the-clock working with night shifts, unpredictability of the state of health and responsibility for the life of the patient, high olccupational activity, constant psycho-emotional and intellectual stress make the labour of HW to be a complex and responsible type of human activity. Over recent (2020–2021) years, due to the emergence of a highly contagious Covid-19 viral infection, health workers have been in direct contact with patients.
 Objective. To determine the features of occupational morbidity among the HR in the Republic of Bashkortostan over 2017–2022 including the COVID-19 pandemic.
 Materials and methods. Data on occupational diseases in HW over 2017–2022 were studied on the base of the materials of the Republican Center for Occupational Pathology of the Ufa Scientific Research Institute of Occupational Medicine and Human Ecology. There were evaluated reports of the final diagnosis of an occupational disease, acts of investigation of occupational diseases, sanitary and hygienic characteristics of working conditions, a consolidated annual report on the activities of the Center.
 Results. The level of occupational morbidity increased from 0.6‱ in 2017 to 5,6‱ during 2021, i.e. increased by 9.3 times. The nosological, gender, age, occupational and experience structure of morbidity has changed. In 88.8% of cases, the diagnosis of an acute occupational disease due to coronavirus infection was established posthumously: in 2020 – 100%, in 2021 – 86.3%. There were 0.72 deaths from this infection per 1,000 health workers.
 Conclusions. To preserve the health and occupational longevity of HW, especially in the context of an epidemiological rise in infectious diseases, it is necessary to strengthen priority measures for primary and secondary prevention, provide personal protective equipment, strengthen disinfection measures, establish a special regime of work and rest, and other preventive and social protection measures.
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Prodanchuk, Mykola H., Galyna M. Balan, Nataliia M. Bubalo, Petro H. Zhminko, Oleksandr A. Kharchenko, and Yevgen A. Bahlei. "THE PROBLEM OF ACUTE PESTICIDE POISONINGS OF AGRICULTURAL WORKERS IN UKRAINE UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE NEW BUSINESS PATTERNS." Wiadomości Lekarskie 72, no. 5 (2019): 1083–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek201905225.
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Introduction: Due to introduction of new forms of agriculture and transformation of the treatment and preventive service in recent years, there has been a false impression of a sharp decrease in the level of occupational morbidity among agricultural workers 30 % to 25 % in the structure of general occupational morbidity in the 80–90s down to 0.2-0.4 %. The aim: Summarize data on the prevalence, causes, structure of acute pesticide poisoning in agricultural workers at the current stages of its reform in order to improve preventive measures. Materials and methods: Data on the prevalence, causes and structure of 647 cases of acute pesticide poisoning in agricultural workers over the past 25 years have been summarized; staff of the Scientific Toxicology Center took part in the sanitary-hygienic investigation and establishment of the diagnosis. Results: The causes for the development, aetiology and structure of 647 cases of acute pesticide poisoning, among which 522 cases of acute poisoning of field beet growers with 2,4-D-based herbicides (80.7 %), 60 cases (9.3 %) of OPC poisoning, 36 cases of beet growers poisoning with sulphonylurea-based herbicides, 14 patients with acute synthetic pyrethroid poisoning, and isolated cases (15 patients) of intoxication with aluminium phosphide, dithiocarbamates, Vitavax, and Fipronil were analysed. Conclusions: Analysis of the causes of the development and structure of poisoning has allowed to optimize the complex of preventive measures to strengthen sanitary control over the implementation of individual and public safety hygienic regulations during storage and use of pesticides.
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Ruggles, Steven, Robert McCaa, Matthew Sobek, and Lara Cleveland. "THE IPUMS COLLABORATION: INTEGRATING AND DISSEMINATING THE WORLD’S POPULATION MICRODATA." Journal of Demographic Economics 81, no. 2 (2015): 203–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dem.2014.6.
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Abstract:The Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS)-International partnership is a project of the Minnesota Population Center and national statistical agencies, dedicated to collecting and distributing census data from around the world. IPUMS is currently disseminating data on over a half-billion persons enumerated in more than 250 census samples from 79 countries. The data series includes information on a broad range of population characteristics, including fertility, nuptiality, life-course transitions, migration, labor-force participation, occupational structure, education, ethnicity, and household composition. This paper describes sample characteristics and data structure; the data integration process including the creation of constructed family interrelationship variables; the flexible dissemination system that enables researchers to build customized extracts of pooled census samples across time and place; and some of the most significant findings that have emerged from the database.
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Gorbacheva, A. M., E. E. Bibik, E. A. Dobreva, et al. "Structure of metabolic disorders and cardiovascular disease in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism: a single-center retrospective observational study." Profilakticheskaya meditsina 25, no. 8 (2022): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/profmed20222508154.
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Nagel, Daniel A., Lisa Keeping-Burke, and Isdore Chola Shamputa. "Concept Analysis and Proposed Definition of Community Health Center." Journal of Primary Care & Community Health 12 (January 2021): 215013272110464. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21501327211046436.
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Background: Community health centers (CHCs) have been used for delivery of health services since the 1920s and originally were intended to provide care to underserved populations. CHCs have become an integral part of healthcare systems in many countries; however, the term CHC is used synonymously with other concepts and there is no clear definition for CHC. The purpose of our concept analysis was to determine how CHCs are described in the literature and to develop a concept definition for CHC. Methods: Informed by the 8-step process described by Walker and Avant, we searched for literature spanning disciplines within health, business, and policy. We used a systematic review process to identify a range of peer-reviewed articles that help illustrate the attributes, antecedents, and consequences of CHCs. A total of 102 articles from 7 databases were included in our concept analysis. Results: We distinguished 6 attributes of a CHC: primary care; accessibility; preventative care; defined population; health promotion; and comprehensive and integrated care. About 4 antecedents fundamental to a CHC included: secure funding; vision and support; adequate human resources; and governance structure. Consequences of CHCs are improved health outcomes, efficiency, and cost-effective provision of healthcare services. Conclusions: Our concept analysis revealed core characteristics of CHCs that assisted us in synthesizing a concept definition for CHC. These characteristics and our proposed definition will help provide clarity on the concept of CHC to benefit evaluation, research, and policy development of CHCs.
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Pashina, E. V. "The Population of the Posad of the Fortress City of Tetyushi in the 17th Century and Its Occupational Structure." Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta. Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki 164, no. 3 (2022): 172–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/2541-7738.2022.3.172-186.
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This article describes the structure and dynamics of the population of the posad of Tetyushi, a fortress city, during the 17th century. The analysis is based on the materials of medieval censuses (data taken from the census books of 1646, 1656–1657, and 1678; all being stored in the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts, Moscow). The social terms of that time (bobyli (‘landless peasants’), rybnye lovtsy (‘fishermen’), zakhrebetniki (‘scrounges’), etc.) were defined. The social spheres in which the residents were employed, with particular attention paid to fishing, crafts, and trade, were considered. The results obtained show that the population of Tetyushi included mainly posad and bobyl residents. Since the city and its district stretched along the Volga River, they were all mainly fishermen. Professions that supported the normal existence of the city and its fortifications were also in demand, as well as military service and small-scale commodity production. It was concluded that Tetyushi of the 17th century was both the military settlement and the economic center of the entire district due to the large number of posad people living here.
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Matveev, R. P., A. B. Gudkov, and S. V. Bragina. "STRUCTURE OF SHOCK-PRODUCING TRAUMA IN PATIENTS ADMITTED TO I LEVEL INJURY CARE CENTER IN ARKHANGELSK." Human Ecology, no. 7 (July 10, 2016): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33396/1728-0869-2016-7-11-16.
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Yakupova, F. M., R. V. Garipova, F. S. Gilmullina, J. M. Sozinova, and M. M. Zagidov. "Viral hepatitis B and C as occupational diseases." Medical Herald of the South of Russia 13, no. 4 (2023): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21886/2219-8075-2022-13-4-39-44.
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Objective: to study the clinical and epidemiological features and medical and social aspects of viral hepatitis B and C in medical workers. Materials and methods: analysis of outpatient and inpatient records of medical workers with a diagnosis of chronic viral hepatitis B, C, B + C, B + D of various stages and degrees of activity, registered at the Republican Center of Occupational Pathology of the Republic of Tatarstan and the consultative and diagnostic department of the Republican Infectious Clinical Hospital named after prof. A.F. Agafonov. An on-line sociological survey of medical workers and senior students of medical universities in Kazan was conducted using the Google form. Results: medical personnel whose work is associated with the provision of invasive medical interventions are at the highest risk of infection with blood-borne infections. All medical workers had a history of accidents - needle sticks, cuts, blood spatter. The development of liver cirrhosis and the presence of lethal outcomes in liver cirrhosis decompensation reflect the general problem of chronic hepatitis C - the lack of timely effective antiviral therapy, despite the detection of hepatitis viruses in medical workers in the early stages of infection during periodic medical examinations. Conclusions: in the structure of occupational morbidity among healthcare workers in Tatarstan, viral hepatitis makes up 16.7%. There is still a risk of viral hepatitis infection in MRs of any level of education and status, including students of medical universities during work practice, assistance on a volunteer basis. Vaccination/revaccination against viral hepatitis B is regulated by regulations and shown to all healthcare workers with viral hepatitis C.
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Surour, AtefM, MahmoudA Saleh, MohammedA Al-Alfi, AbdullahM Al-Saigul, and MohammedA Riyadh. "Hypertension care in al asyah primary health care center, Al Qassim, Saudi Arabia: An audit of structure, process, and outcome." Journal of Family and Community Medicine 11, no. 1 (2004): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2230-8229.97790.
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Onishchenko, Gennady G., Alexander F. Denisenko, Irina A. Boeva, Lilia A. Vasyakina, and Valentina V. Dmitrienko. "Occupational incidence in the modern socio-economic conditions of Donbass." Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology 62, no. 10 (2022): 630–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2022-62-10-630-639.
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An analysis of the current state of occupational pathological assistance to the working contingent of industrial enterprises of the Donetsk People's Republic is presented. When analyzing the dynamics of occupational morbidity for the period 2017-2021, it shows a significant increase from 12.3 cases in 2017 to 30.5 cases in 2021 (per 10,000 workers), mainly due to workers in coal mines. Most of all occupational diseases were registered among workers of the main underground professions - miners of a stope (37.5%) and sinkers (23.3%). The observed increase in occupational morbidity is considered from the standpoint of today's specifics of the working conditions of coal mining enterprises in Donbass. First of all, the absence of a leading occupational hazard with simultaneous multifactorial industrial exposure, often exceeding the threshold values of limit values, as well as a change in operating factors and the intensity of their impact during the length of service. Most cases of occupational diseases identified when workers applied for medical help to the Republican Center for Occupational Pathology had pronounced chronic forms of diseases in workers with work experience in harmful production factors of 20-39 years (up to 75%) and over 50 years of age - more than half of all cases (2020 - 52.7%, 2019 - 51.2%, 2018 - 53%, 2017 - 51.8%). At the same time, when analyzing primary medical documentation (originals of outpatient cards, professional examination cards) working in hazardous conditions, it is noted that more than 80% are «healthy». One of the main reasons for the growth of occupational morbidity is the poor quality of medical examinations carried out by general medical institutions, which causes late detection of occupational and work-related pathologies, the development of advanced forms of general somatic diseases that prevent employees from fulfilling their job duties. In the structure of occupational pathology in the DPR, the largest share falls on diseases caused by physical overload - 44.3%; industrial aerosols - 37.1%; physical factors: vibration - 17.2%, noise - 0.7%. It is concluded that all of the above processes are due to a number of interrelated reasons - a change in the socio-economic situation caused the economic instability of coal enterprises, which led to worsening working conditions, a reduction in the number of employees, an increase in intensive appeals to the Republican Center for Occupational Pathology in order to resolve the issue of the relationship of morbidity with the profession, and , consequently, the solution of social problems through compensation for damage to health.
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Esperat, M. Christina, Christie Hust, Huaxin Song, Monica Garcia, and Linda J. McMurry. "Interprofessional Collaborative Practice: Management of Chronic Disease and Mental Health Issues in Primary Care." Public Health Reports 138, no. 1_suppl (2023): 29S—35S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00333549231155469.
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This case study describes the process of implementing and evaluating an interprofessional collaborative practice (IPCP) program for primary care and behavioral health integration focused on chronic disease management. The result was a strong IPCP program in a nurse-led federally qualified health center serving medically underserved populations. The IPCP program at the Larry Combest Community Health and Wellness Center at the Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center spanned >10 years of planning, development, and implementation, supported by demonstration, grants, and cooperative grants from the Health Resources and Services Administration. The program launched 3 projects: a patient navigation program, an IPCP program for chronic disease management, and a program for primary care and behavioral health integration. We established 3 evaluation domains to track the outcomes of the program: TeamSTEPPS education outcomes (Team Strategies and Tools to Enhance Performance and Patient Safety), process/service measures, and patient clinical and behavioral measures. TeamSTEPPS outcomes were evaluated before and after training on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree). Mean (SD) scores increased significantly in team structure (4.2 [0.9] vs 4.7 [0.5]; P < .001), situation monitoring (4.2 [0.8] vs 4.6 [0.5]; P = .002), and communication (4.1 [0.8] vs 4.5 [0.5]; P = .001). From 2014 to 2020, the rate of depression screening and follow-up improved from 16% to 91%, and the hypertension control rate improved from 50% to 62%. Lessons learned include recognizing partner contributions and the worth of each team member. Our program evolved with the help of networks, champions, and collaborative partners. Program outcomes show the positive impact of a team-based IPCP model on health outcomes among medically underserved populations.
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Popov, V. P., L. P. Rogozhina, E. V. Medvedeva, and L. R. Kashevarova. "Practical Experience of the Unified Center for Dispatching, Monitoring and Medical Evacuation Functioning as a Part of the Sverdlovsk Regional Center for Disaster Medicine." Disaster Medicine, no. 4 (December 2022): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33266/2070-1004-2022-4-17-20.
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Summary. The goal of the study is to show, on the basis of analysis of the experience of the unified center of dispatching, monitoring and medical evacuation in the structure of the Territorial Center for Disaster Medicine of Sverdlovsk region, the efficiency of unified dispatching service, operating on the functional basis in the same information field as the regional emergency medical service. Materials and research methods. Sources of information and materials on the research theme: normative and methodological documents regulating order and organization of the Disaster Medicine Service and emergency medical aid; publications in “Disaster medicine”, “Emergency Medical Aid” journals; reports of heads of joint centers and independent territorial disaster medicine centers. Research methods: analytical, statistical, method of direct observation, method of logical and informational modeling. Research results and their analysis. The work of three departments of unified center of dispatching, monitoring and medical evacuation was analyzed: operative-dispatching department, department of consultation and monitoring of intensive care patients, department of monitoring of ambulance calls. It is concluded that this model of a single dispatch service is financially inexpensive, efficient and can be recommended to the regions of Urals, Siberia and the Far East, where there are strong territorial disaster medicine centers and specialized resuscitation and consultative centers.
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Simão, Christiane Chaves Augusto Leite, Mônica Barros Costa, Fernando Antônio Basile Colugnati, Elaine Amaral de Paula, Chislene Pereira Vanelli, and Rogério Baumgratz de Paula. "Quality of Care of Patients with Diabetes in Primary Health Services in Southeast Brazil." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1709807.
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Background. Diabetes management involves multiple aspects that go beyond drug therapy as a way of providing high quality care. The objective of this study was to describe quality of care indicators for individuals with diabetes in southeast Brazil and to explore associations among these indicators. Methods. In this cross-sectional, observational study, health care providers filled out a questionnaire addressing health care structure and processes at 14 primary health care units (PHCUs). Clinical and laboratory data of diabetic patients attending the PHCUs and from patients referred to a secondary health care (SHC) center were collected. Results. There was a shortage of professionals in 53.8% of the PHCUs besides a high proportion of problems regarding referrals to SHC. At the PHCU, glycated hemoglobin results were available only in half of the medical records. A low rate of adequate glycemic control was also observed. An association between structure and process indicators and the outcomes analyzed was not found. Conclusion. Major deficiencies were found in the structure and processes of the PHCUs, in addition to unsatisfactory diabetes care outcomes. However, no association between structure, process, and outcomes was found.
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Anufrieva, E. V., E. N. Serikova, Yu V. Ostankova, et al. "The structure of some blood-borne infections distribution among persons from penitentiary institutions the markers." HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders 15, no. 3 (2023): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.22328/2077-9828-2023-15-3-95-104.
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The aim of the study was to assess the occurrence of serological and molecular genetic markers of HIV infection, viral hepatitis B and C among persons in pre-trial detention.Materials and methods. The material of the study identified 138 samples of blood sequences obtained from men in the pretrial detention center in St. Petersburg. Patients were examined by ELISA for the presence of serological markers of HIV infection (Ag/Ab HIV), HBV (HBsAg, antiHBs IgG, anti-HBcore IgG) and HCV (anti-HCV IgG). Determination of HIV and HCV RNA, as well as HBV DNA by PCR with hybridization-fluorescence detection in «real time» mode. HBV DNA with a low viral form was detected using a technique developed at the Saint-Petersburg Pasteur Institute.Results and discussion. With the prevalence of the general prevalence of serological markers, markers of HIV infection were detected in 55 (39.86%) patients, HBV — in 73 (52.90%), HCV — in 83 (60.14%). the same markers of HIV infection and HBV were detected in 6 (4.35%) examined, HIV infection and HCV in 17 (12.32%), HBV and HCV in 22 (15.94%) persons, to all three infections in 26 (18.84%) cases. In 22 (15.94%) people did not notice any of the analyzed markers. HIV RNA was found in 23.19%, HCV RNA — in 46.38%, HBV DNA — in 10.14% of the examined. At the same time, HBV DNA with a low viral form (less than 50 IU/ml) was detected in 7.97% of cases, including 6.52% of seronegative samples. Simultaneously, HIV and HCV RNA were detected in 6.52%, HCV RNA and HBV DNA in 2.17% of patients. Molecular biological markers of all three indicators were found in 1.45% of patients. The examined group was ranked by age into the following subgroups: 21– 30 years old (12.32%), 31–40 years old (34.78%), 41–50 years old (37.68%) and older than 51 years old (15.22%). Certain differences in the prevalence and distribution of the analysis of serological and molecular biological markers between age markers, the highest frequency was found for groups of 31–40 and 41–50 years.Conclusion. The results obtained indicate a high prevalence of HIV infections and parenteral viral hepatitis B and C among persons convicted and awaiting a stage in a pre-trial detention center. Careful attention must be paid to their admission to penitentiary institutions, since many convicts are not aware of their morbidity and may become infected. Regular conclusions, concluded in dynamics, including laboratory diagnostics using highly sensitive molecular biological methods, upon admission to a penitentiary institution, and then annually and upon release, should be taken into account as measures to prevent infection with HIV, HBV, HCV.
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Nikiforova, G. A., A. M. Spiridonov, and M. Yu Gavryushin. "Occupational allergic diseases in the Samara region: features and problems." Kazan medical journal 98, no. 5 (2017): 827–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17750/kmj2017-827.
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Aim. Improving the system of identifying occupational allergic diseases based on the anaysis of the features of occupational allergic morbidity in the Samara region for the period from 2005 to 2014. 
 Methods. Comprehensive retrospective study of occupational allergic morbidity in the Samara region was carried out on the data from 3229 occupational diseases (poisoning) registry cards including 278 occupational allergic diseases registry cards, as well as 262 acts on cases of occupational diseases. Obtained data were compared to the official data of the Federal budgetary healthcare institution «Federal center of hygiene and epidemiology» of Rospotrebnadzor and the reports of the Office of Rospotrebnadzor in the Samara region «On the sanitary-epidemiological welfare of population» for the relevant years. 
 Results. The proportion of occupational allergic diseases in the Samara region is in average 7.68±1.03% of all newly diagnosed cases of occupational diseases varying from 12.25% in 2005 to 3.22% in 2013, exceeding the same indicator across Russia. In the structure of occupational allergic diseases the most common nosological forms were revealed: bronchial asthma - 37.86%, allergic rhinitis - 25.07%, allergic (atopic) dermatitis - 7.93%, eczema - 7.68%. In 78.38% of cases the priority allergens in the region were chemical allergens: formaldehyde, chromium, nickel, molybdenum and other metals compounds, antibiotics, disinfectants, chlorine and synthetic detergents and others. 38.07% of cases of occupational allergic diseases were found to be registered in Samara, 26.15% of cases - in Tolyatti, and 5.50% of cases - in Otradnoye in the Samara region. The proportion of occupational allergic diseases found at periodic medical examinations was in average 29.31±4.5%. 
 Conclusion. The identified features of occupational allergic morbidity in the Samara region show the necessity to improve the organization and conduct of preventive measures, periodic medical examinations as well as further development of the regulatory framework.
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DELYAN, ARTUR M., ILGIZ M. GALIULLIN, ALIYA R. NASIBULLINA, EVGENIJ A. MELNIKOV, RAILYA V. GARIPOVA, and SVETLANA N. MIFTAKHOVA. "A CLINICAL CASE OF ACUTE PHENOL INTOXICATION AS AN OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE: BASIC REGULATORY DOCUMENTS." Bulletin of Contemporary Clinical Medicine 17, suppl.1 (2024): 101–6. https://doi.org/10.20969/vskm.2024.17(suppl.1).101-106.
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Abstract. Introduction. Phenol (hydroxybenzene) can cause acute poisoning that may occur through inhalation of its high concentrations or from skin contact. Acute intoxication is manifested by damaging the central nervous system with the development of cerebral disorders. Changes in the blood can manifest as redistributive leukocytosis. Aim of the study is to analyze the clinical observation of a patient with acute phenol poisoning who was admitted at the Department of Toxicology in City Clinical Hospital No. 7 named after M.N. Sadykov. Materials and Methods. Patient I. was taken by an ambulance team from enterprise N, where, while working with phenol and wearing personal protective equipment, he received a chemical injury in contact with the substance. Results and Discussion. At the admission time, the condition was assessed as stable and severe. Final diagnosis by ICD-10: T54.0: Toxic effect: Phenol and phenol homologues. Complications of the underlying disease: Toxic encephalopathy. Primary intoxication delirium. Concomitant diseases: Chemical burn with phenol (acid) of the 1st degree on an area of 6% of the body surface. Conclusions. To resolve the issue of occupational disease and examine his/her professional aptitude, the employee must be sent to the City Center of Occupational Disease within the structure of the City Clinical Hospital No. 7.
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Rakhmatova, R. A., Z. N. Nabiev, B. A. Shamsov, and S. R. Zoirov. "Factors and prevalence of congenital malformations in the Republic of Tajikistan." Health care of Tajikistan, no. 4 (February 17, 2023): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.52888/0514-2515-2022-355-4-64-70.
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Aim. To establish the factors and prevalence of congenital malformations in the Republic of Tajikistan.Materials and methods. This study was conducted based on statistical data from the State Institution “Republican Center for Medical Statistics and Information”, the State Institution “National Center for Reproductive Health” and other sectoral reports of the Ministry of Health and Social Protection of the Population of the Republic of Tajikistan. Statistical data processing was performed based on MS Office 2019.Results. An analysis of 600 cards showed that in the structure of risk factors causing congenital malformations, the first place is occupied by acute and chronic non-genital infectious diseases (38%), second anaemia (29.8%). The third place is poor obstetric history: multiple voluntary abortions, intrauterine growth retardation, stillbirth, the birth of a child with defects, preeclampsia), (20.8%) with circulatory failure in the mother-child system (16.3%). The percentage of children born with congenital birth defects from marriages of close relatives is 5% of the analyzed charts.Conclusion. Thus, the main reasons for the growth of CM in newborns are burdened obstetric history and heredity, bad habits and occupational hazards, past viral and bacterial infections, and late prenatal diagnosis.
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Zaitseva, A. P., and O. V. Plotnikova. "Analysis of occupational morbidity among Female agricultural workers in Omsk region." Scientific Bulletin of the Omsk State Medical University 3, no. 3 (2023): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.61634/2782-3024-2023-11-17-28.
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Purpose of the study: The purpose of this work is to analyze the occupational morbidity of female agricultural workers of the Omsk region for the period 1957-2021.
 Materials and methods: The material was a sample from the database of patients of the Center of Occupational Pathology of the Omsk region from 1957-2021, consisting of female workers of different professions and branches of agriculture. The analysis was carried out using methods of mathematical statistics in MS Excel 2021 program. Methods of descriptive statistics were applied: testing for normality of distribution, description of quantitative indicators by parametric and non-parametric methods. Percentages and absolute values were calculated for nominal and ordinal data. Quantitative data in independent groups were compared using the Kraskell-Wallis criterion with Dunn's posterior criterion. Pearson's χ2 was applied to analyze nominal data.
 Results: The distribution of female workers with a first-time diagnosis of occupational disease by time period, by branch of agriculture is clearly shown. The average age and length of service at the time of establishing the connection between the disease and occupation were calculated, and the age structure of the patients was built up with calculation of percentages. Statistically significant correlations between branches, age and length of service were established, and the peculiarities of occupational pathology by branches of agriculture were noted. The share of unfavorable factors of industrial environment and labor process in the structure of diagnoses was estimated. The actual number of women with disabilities was calculated, the percentages of I-III disability groups were calculated, and the absence of statistically significant differences of women's disability in samples by branches of agro-industrial complex was established. The degree of loss of working capacity and the number of women who lost the ability to work were determined. The differences between the Omsk Oblast and other regions of Russia were determined.
 Conclusion: The results of the analysis indicate the need for further improvement of preventive measures to reduce occupational morbidity in the Omsk region, further in-depth studies. The importance of labor protection of working women is confirmed.
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Bushmanov, A. U., O. A. Kasymova, A. S. Kretov, et al. "Occupational Pathology Service of the FMBA of Russia in 2021." A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center Clinical Bulletin, no. 3 (October 2022): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33266/2782-6430-2022-3-5-17.
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The Occupational Pathology Service of the FMBA of Russia in 2021 is represented by medical organizations involved in conducting preliminary and periodic medical examinations, and 17 centers of occupational pathology. The chief freelance professional pathologist annually collects reports on the results of the centers of occupational pathology. In accordance with the data presented, all the centers of occupational pathology of the FMBA of Russia have been established on the basis of multidisciplinary specialized healthcare institutions. According to the data of the Centers of Occupational Pathology of the FMBA of Russia, the most common causes of medical contraindications are diseases of the eye and its accessory apparatus, diseases of the circulatory system, diseases of the blood, hematopoietic organs and individual disorders involving the immune mechanism, diseases of the ear and mastoid process, which necessitates the implementation of preventive programs in the indicated directions. One of the main functions of the center for occupational pathology is the examination of the connection of the disease with the profession and professional suitability, including in complex and conflict cases. A specialized medical commission has been established to conduct these examinations in all centers of professional pathology of the FMBA of Russia. During 2021, these medical commissions considered 11436 expert cases. Since 2011, an Industry register of persons with occupational diseases has been maintained on the basis of the A.I. Burnazyan FMBC of the FMBA of Russia, the volume of which currently exceeds 2,300 cases. The system of psychophysiological examination of the FMBA of Russia in the structure of the occupational pathology service has 35 medical organizations, on the basis of which 43781 psychophysiological examinations were conducted in 2021.
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Björklund, Ove, Elisabeth Häggström, and Lisbet Nyström. "Young Finnish Unemployed Men’s Experiences of Having Participated in a Specific Active Labor Market Program." American Journal of Men's Health 11, no. 5 (2015): 1426–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988315604020.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the present study was to describe young Finnish unemployed men’s experiences of having participated in a specific active labor market program, intended to fight unemployment and offered at a resource center. Fifteen young unemployed Finnish men in the age range 18 to 27 years were interviewed face-to-face. Purposive sampling was used to increase the variation among informants. The interview texts were analyzed using both manifest and latent qualitative content analysis. The present results reported that the young men felt that they, thanks to the program at the resource center, had acquired daily routines and could ultimately believe in the future. The young men described how they now had a structure, economic support, and that they could return to their daily life. The informants also described how they could see new possibilities and believe in oneself. There is a lack of empirical studies assessing the possible impact of active labor market programs on the unemployed based on participants’ own experiences. Further research is needed to describe and elucidate in more detail the effects of targeted support measures and the needs of unemployed men of different ages and living in different contexts.
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Ruan-Iu, Linda, Laura L. Pendergast, Pei-Chun Liao, et al. "Measuring Depression in Young Adults: Preliminary Development of an English Version of the Teate Depression Inventory." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 15 (2023): 6470. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20156470.
Full textAbstract:
Depression is a common and debilitating condition that impacts individuals with various cultural backgrounds, medical conditions, and life circumstances. Thus, assessment tools need to be useful among different cultural groups. The 21-item Teate Depression Inventory (TDI) was developed in Italy, is designed to assess major depression, and focuses on cognitive and affective rather than somatic symptoms. This study aims to examine the factor structure and concurrent validity of the TDI English version among a non-clinical population in the United States. Participants included 398 adults (mean age 19.89 years, SD = 2.72, range: 18 to 46 years old) who completed the TDI and The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Revised (CESD-R). The results supported a three-factor bifactor structure of the TDI (Positive Affect, Negative Affect, and Daily Functioning), which largely corresponds to the Tripartite Model of affective disorders. These findings support the use of TDI scores as measures of depressive symptoms among U.S. young adults, offering researchers and practitioners a brief and useful tool.
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Eli, Buzohre, Yueyue Zhou, Yaru Chen, Xin Huang, and Zhengkui Liu. "Symptom Structure of Depression in Older Adults on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau: A Network Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 21 (2022): 13810. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192113810.
Full textAbstract:
Previous studies have confirmed that depression among residents in high-altitude areas is more severe, and that depression may be more persistent and disabling in older adults. This study aims to identify the symptom structure of depression among older adults on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (the highest plateau in the world) from a network perspective. This cross-sectional study enrolled 507 older adults (ages 60–80 years old) from the Yushu Prefecture, which is on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, China. Depressive symptoms were self-reported using the shortened Center for Epidemiological Studies–Depression Scale (CES-D-10). Then, a Gaussian graphical model (GGM) of depression was developed. Poor sleep, fear, and hopelessness about the future exhibited high centrality in the network. The strongest edge connections emerged between unhappiness and hopelessness about the future, followed by hopelessness about the future and fear; hopelessness about the future and poor sleep; fear and unhappiness; and then poor sleep and unhappiness in the network. The findings of this current study add to the small body of literature on the network structure and complex relationships between depressive symptoms in older adults in high-altitude areas.
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Hu, Tingting, Duyen Minh Pham, Takuya Kasai, and Arata Katayama. "The Emergence of Extracellular Electron Mediating Functionality in Rice Straw-Artificial Soil Mixture during Humification." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 22 (2022): 15173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192215173.
Full textAbstract:
This study aimed to elucidate the origin of extracellular electron mediating (EEM) functionality and redox-active center(s) in humic substances, where they are ubiquitously distributed. Here, we show the emergence of EEM functionality during the humification of rice straw in artificial soil (kaolin and sand) with a matric potential of −100 cm at 20 °C for one year. We used the dechlorination activity of an EEM material-dependent pentachlorophenol-dechlorinating anaerobic microbial consortium as an index of the EEM functionality. Although rice straw and its mixture with artificial soil did not initially have EEM functionality, it emerged after one month of humification and increased until six months after which the functionality was maintained for one year. Chemical and electrochemical characterizations demonstrated that the emergence and increase in EEM functionality were correlated with the degradation of rice straw, formation of quinone structures, a decrease in aromatic structures, an increase in nitrogenous and aliphatic structures, and specific electric capacitance during humification. The newly formed quinone structure was suggested as a potential redox-active center for the EEM functionality. These findings provide novel insights into the dynamic changes in EEM functionality during the humification of organic materials.
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Sun, Feng, Jinhe Zhang, Jingxuan Ma, Chang Wang, Senlin Hu, and Dong Xu. "Evolution of the Spatial-Temporal Pattern and Social Performance Evaluation of Community Sports and Fitness Venues in Shanghai." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 1 (2021): 274. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010274.
Full textAbstract:
The study of the spatial-temporal pattern and social performance of urban public services is a basic task for achieving urban fairness and justice. Through spatial analysis and social performance evaluation, this study explores the evolution of spatial-temporal patterns and the social performance of community sports and fitness venues in Shanghai from 1982 to 2019. The results show that the construction of Shanghai’s community sports and fitness venues presents the evolution pattern of “urbanization-suburbanization-reurbanization”. The center of construction has always been in the urban area and first moved toward the south and then toward the north. Government investment was the main source of funds for the construction of venues, and social investment has been steadily growing. The number and area of multiple types of venues has increased significantly, including trails, gymnasiums, and courts. The overall service coverage radius of Shanghai’s community sports and fitness venues has been significantly increased, and the regional equality between the core and peripheral areas has been obviously improved. The overall per capita service location entropy has not been significantly improved. The old city center and the peripheral area have always been the low-value areas, and the old city center is surrounded by high-value areas. The “low-high-low” three-circle spatial structure continues to exist, but around the old city center, the scope of the high-value area has expanded markedly. There was a significant optimization of social performance from 1999 to 2009. The social performance of the community sports and fitness venues in urban areas is better than that in suburban areas, but the optimization of social performance in suburban areas is greater than that in urban areas. The above analysis is expected to provide references for rationally arranging urban sports and fitness spaces, enhancing the fairness of urban public services, improving the quality of residents’ lives, and assisting the implementation of the “Healthy China” national strategy.
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Uduporuwa, RJM, and Lasantha Manawadu. "Identification of Occupation Clustering in Kandy City, Sri Lanka." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 3, no. 3 (2015): 27–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol3.iss3.325.
Full textAbstract:
Existence of social groups with different socio-economic status is a common character in a city and makes cities to form residentially varied areas within the city which is generally termed as ‘residential differentiation’. Since residential differentiation sometimes becomes a critical issue to be addressed it should be understood as much as possible before planning and organizing the urban space in optimal manner. This study attempts to investigate spatial expression of occupational structure of Kandy city, Sri Lanka. Attention is given for identifying, measuring and mapping the existing location pattern of occupational groups over the urban space of Kandy city. Occupation data in Kandy city collected from national census of population and housing in 2001 were used and Location Quotient technique (LQ) was employed to analyze the data.Results evidently revealed that ‘occupation’ is influential to form a distinct location pattern in the city space. Basic pattern of location of occupation groups identifiable is that higher ranking occupation groups are concentrated in peripheral areas while lower ranking occupation groups are located in city canter areas or proximity areas to the city Center. This has made some particular areas to be specialized for some occupation groups. Working class or labourer category which has the highest proportion is mostly limited to city center and adjoining areas where commercial and other services are dominated. These areas are highly commercial and mix residential areas in the city and are very valuable lands that can be used for the better economic use establishing new projects. This is one of critical issues to be addressed in future development of the city.
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Shi, Lin, Xiaofei Shi, Fan Yang, and Lixue Zhang. "Spatio-Temporal Difference in Agricultural Eco-Efficiency and Its Influencing Factors Based on the SBM-Tobit Models in the Yangtze River Delta, China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 6 (2023): 4786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20064786.
Full textAbstract:
In the Yangtze River Delta region, where the agricultural economy is well developed and agricultural pollution and carbon emissions are significant, a regional study of AEE (Agricultural Eco-Efficiency) is crucial to reducing agricultural environmental pollution, improving the rationalization of agricultural production layout, and promoting the realization of low-carbon goals. The SBM-Tobit model and GIS were employed to analyze AEE based on the carbon emission evaluation system in the spatial and temporal characteristics, as well as the influencing factors and the migration path of the center of gravity in the “low carbon” context. A rational plan of agricultural production was proposed according to the results. The following results were obtained: (1) The level of AEE in the Yangtze River Delta region was high, and the region exhibited a U-shaped curve change from 2000 to 2020, with a fluctuating decrease from 2000 to 2003 and a fluctuating increase from 2004 to 2020. The regional spatial development balance was enhanced, while there was a spatial incongruity in the development process of AEE enhancement, high in the southwest and low in the northeast; (2) AEE generally had a high regionalized agglomeration of low–low in the southwest and high–high in the northeast. Nonetheless, temporal heterogeneity was observed in spatial correlation, and the correlation weakened with time variation; (3) Urbanization level, agricultural production structure, crop cultivation structure, and fertilizer application intensity were the main factors influencing AEE in the Yangtze River Delta region; (4) The center of gravity of AEE in the Yangtze River Delta region shifted to the southwest under the influence of “low-carbon” related policies. Therefore, the improvement of AEE in the Yangtze River Delta region should focus on inter-regional coordination and linkages, rational planning of production factors, and the formulation of measures under relevant carbon policies.
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Gurvich, V. B., A. S. Shastin, V. G. Gazimova, E. G. Plotko, and T. S. Ustyugova. "Causes of lost vocational fi tness for work in jeopardy and (or) hazardous work conditions." Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology, no. 2 (March 14, 2019): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-2-107-112.
Full textAbstract:
Workers’ health should be considered as a strategically important component of governmental economic policy. Nowadays society economic damage due to lost vocational fi tness because of medical causes results mostly from general somatic diseases, but not from occupational diseases. In stable tendency to ageing able-bodied population, studies of medical causes of vocational unfi tness is a topical problem. To analyze causes of lost vocational fitness for work in jeopardy and (or) hazardous work conditions, to determine quantitative parameters of vocational unfi tness in mandatory medical examinations, to evaluate nosologic structure of medical contraindications to work in jeopardy and (or) hazardous work conditions, the authors studied demographic data of Federal service of governmental statistics and data on fi rst diagnosed occupational diseases by materials of Governmental reports of Federal service on supervision in consumers’ rights protection and human well-being. Studies also covered data of FBUN “Ekaterinburg medical research center of prevention and health care for industrial workers” of Rospotrebnadzor (EMNTs): database on fi rst diagnosed occupational diseases in Sverdlovsk region, conclusion reports on periodic medical examination results, and medical records of workers underwent periodic medical examination in EMNTs. Th e data were analyzed with descriptive and inductive statistic methods. In constant medical contraindications structure by nosologic types, according to periodic medical examinations in EMNTs, major part of refused permission to the work was associated with diseases in ICD–10 class VII “Diseases of eye and its appendages”, on the 2nd place — diseases of ICD–10 class VIII “Diseases of ear and mastoid process”, on the 3rd place — diseases of ICD–10 class XI “Digestion diseases”. Recommendations are in Russian Federation Health Ministry to consider necessity of workers’ possibility to receive additional examination and special medical care within governmental program of guaranteed free medical care in cases when the diagnosed disease causes refused permission to work.