Academic literature on the topic 'Pilot plants Data processing'
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Journal articles on the topic "Pilot plants Data processing"
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Beltrán, Sergio, Mikel Maiza, Alejandro de la Sota, José María Villanueva, and Eduardo Ayesa. "Advanced data management for optimising the operation of a full-scale WWTP." Water Science and Technology 66, no. 2 (2012): 314–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.175.
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The lack of appropriate data management tools is presently a limiting factor for a broader implementation and a more efficient use of sensors and analysers, monitoring systems and process controllers in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). This paper presents a technical solution for advanced data management of a full-scale WWTP. The solution is based on an efficient and intelligent use of the plant data by a standard centralisation of the heterogeneous data acquired from different sources, effective data processing to extract adequate information, and a straightforward connection to other emerging tools focused on the operational optimisation of the plant such as advanced monitoring and control or dynamic simulators. A pilot study of the advanced data manager tool was designed and implemented in the Galindo-Bilbao WWTP. The results of the pilot study showed its potential for agile and intelligent plant data management by generating new enriched information combining data from different plant sources, facilitating the connection of operational support systems, and developing automatic plots and trends of simulated results and actual data for plant performance and diagnosis.
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Nad, Alona, Mohammad Jooshaki, Emilia Tuominen, Simon Michaux, Arno Kirpala, and Johanna Newcomb. "Digitalization Solutions in the Mineral Processing Industry: The Case of GTK Mintec, Finland." Minerals 12, no. 2 (2022): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12020210.
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The technologies used in mineral process engineering are evolving. The digital mineral processing solutions are based on advances in our ability to instrumentally measure phenomena at several stages of the beneficiation circuit, manage the data in real-time, and to analyze these data using machine learning to develop the next generation of process control. The main purpose of this study is to overview various digital solutions for mineral processing plants and characterization laboratories while emphasizing their utilization in the current state of the digitization process of the GTK Mintec. This study highlights the specialized digital technologies that are particularly relevant for mineral processing and beneficiation. The digital solutions studied in this article include digital twin, machine vision, information management system, sensors, smart equipment, machine learning techniques, process control system, robotic cell, and Internet of Things applied across the whole chain of studying materials from the mineralogical examinations through the bench-scale studies to the pilot test trials. The aim is to provide a clear view on the different aspects of digitizing mineral processing plants based upon the lessons learned from the development plans in GTK Mintec.
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Poós, Tibor, and Evelin Varju. "Experimental investigation of pre-drying data for some medicinal herbs in forced convection." Thermal Science, no. 00 (2019): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci190726465p.
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The special active agent content of herbs makes them suitable for healing and health preservation. The key element in the processing of herbs and spices is drying. Before drying, the medicinal plants should be stored under appropriate conditions to avoid deterioration of quality where one of the possible methods is pre-drying with ambient air. This work defines the determination of main operational parameters at forced convection drying with ambient air like drying rate, volume decrease, maximum drying air velocity and porosity for various medicinal plants (common yarrow - Achillea collina, giant goldenrod - Solidago gigantea, wormwood - Artemisia, walnut leaf - Juglandis folium, wild carrot - Daucus carota). To determine the drying rate, a convective dryer was used where the average drying rate of common yarrow and wild carrot were the highest followed by giant goldenrod, walnut leaf and wormwood. Measurements were made on a pilot plant fluidized bed dryer to determine the volume decrease and the maximum drying air velocity. The volume decrease was determined as a function of time and moisture content. It was found that the maximum drying air velocity for each medicinal plant was between 1.8 and 2.2 m/s. In addition, for each herb the porosity was measured by an air pycnometer.
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Bellopede, Rossana, Lorena Zichella, and Paola Marini. "Glass Waste3: A Preliminary Study for a New Industrial Recovery Processing." Sustainability 12, no. 5 (2020): 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12051997.
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In recent times, the selection and treatment of glass waste are implemented in processing plants where a secondary raw material (SRM) named glass cullet, which is suitable for glass production, and a waste containing a high percentage of glass (glass waste2) is obtained. In the literature, there are many studies conducted on the recovery of the cullet, while few are the studies on the recovery of the waste that is produced by cullet processing. According to the 2013 Joint Research Centre (JRC) Reference report, the cullet produces savings in terms of energy and raw materials. However, it has a high current cost and its availability is becoming difficult, therefore its use is not always economically advantageous. The goal and strategy of the European Union is zero waste. For this purpose, further treatment of glass waste has been investigated. Through the industrial treatment of the glass waste2, a glass waste3 constituted again by an SRM made of glass is obtained together with a high quantity of presumed SRM (e.g., heavy plastic, corks, iron, non-ferrous metals, etc.). The process treatment separating these SRMs from the glass waste3 is, in this case, a pilot plant that needs to be optimized in order to reach an economic and sustainable industrial process solution. In particular, the materials to be recycled are exploitable product fractions with different particle sizes and physical properties (such as density, shape and resistance). This research is based on data collected from a North Italy process plant and is aimed at solving the issue of waste in this kind of process by implementing a pilot plant already present. Representative samples of feed material (glass waste3) and different products of the pilot plant have been analyzed. Moreover, laboratory tests were executed to improve separation efficiency and to valorize the different product fractions. A flow sheet of a new treatment plant has been developed and an economic evaluation has been made. The materials that will be separated in the new plant could be traded as SRM—e.g., plastics, metals, synthetic and cork stoppers—which constitute almost 90% of the total feed of the plant.
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Yeoh, B. G. "Use of Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) in Upgrading Small Agroindustrial Wastewater Treatment Plants." Water Science and Technology 28, no. 10 (1993): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0234.
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Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) was found to be useful in enhancing the final discharge quality of some agroindustrial wastewaters treated in lagoon systems. With a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 5 days, the macrophyte was able to further reduce the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of anaerobically and aerobically treated palm oil mill effluent by 40% to 50 mgl-1, accompanied by remarkable removal of ammoniacal nitrogen (AN) and total kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) by 53.7% and 68.8% respectively. It also assisted in the settling of suspended solids (SS) to below 20 mgl-1. In the secondary treatment of small-scale piggery effluent, the aquatic weed was found in a pilot field investigation to be 17-112% more efficient than algae in removing BOD and COD loads from a reconstituted effluent. A study at an institutional farm confirmed that >97% reduction of the major pollutional parameters was achieved. Introduction of hyacinth to a pilot plant treating sugar refinery wastewater resulted in the removal of BOD, COD and SS by 43.5%, 35.8% and 21.9% respectively with a HRT of 7 days. However, a chloride content exceeding 100 mgl-1 would inhibit its healthy growth. In the tertiary treatment of natural rubber processing effluent, removals of 85% BOD, 80% COD, 88% SS, 50% AN and 53% TKN were achieved with a HRT of 10 days. Increasing the HRT to 15 days resulted in higher removal efficiencies. Harvesting data indicated that the average biomass produced was 6-10% per day. The average growth rate of the aquatic plant could be as high as 505kg ha-1day-1 on dry weight basis.
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Tan, Felicia, Vincent Tam, and Chris Savvides. "Elevated LNG Vapour Dispersion—Effects of Topography, Obstruction and Phase Change." Eng 2, no. 2 (2021): 249–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/eng2020016.
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The dispersion of vapour of liquefied natural gas (LNG) is generally assumed to be from a liquid spill on the ground in hazard and risk analysis. However, this cold vapour could be discharged at height through cold venting. While there is similarity to the situation where a heavier-than-air gas, e.g., CO2, is discharged through tall vent stacks, LNG vapour is cold and induces phase change of ambient moisture leading to changes in the thermodynamics as the vapour disperses. A recent unplanned cold venting of LNG vapour event due to failure of a pilot, provided valuable data for further analysis. This event was studied using CFD under steady-state conditions and incorporating the effect of thermodynamics due to phase change of atmospheric moisture. As the vast majority of processing plants do not reside on flat planes, the effect of surrounding topography was also investigated. This case study highlighted that integral dispersion model was not applicable as key assumptions used to derive the models were violated and suggested guidance and methodologies appropriate for modelling cold vent and flame out situations for elevated vents.
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Menesatti, P., F. Pallottino, S. Figorilli, F. Antonucci, R. Tomasone, and C. Costa. "Multi-sensor imaging retrofit system to test precision agriculture machine-based applications." Advances in Animal Biosciences 8, no. 2 (2017): 189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2040470017000577.
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An increasing number of farm machines nowadays implement precision agriculture technologies. Most of these operate through proximal sensing using optical sensors (i.e. NIR or Vis-NIR). Imaging techniques in this context have received minor consideration due to the complex analysis of the data but on the other side offer great flexibility. This study reports a preliminary pilot imaging multi-sensor retrofit system to be applied independently on a wide range of agricultural machines and able to test different monitoring or control image-based applications for precision agriculture. The process, based on RGB image, was tested for in-field discrimination of weeds in lettuce and broccoli crops. It works by discriminating and extracting single plants from the soil and weeds. However, to be truly implementable, the experimental code should be optimized in order to shorten the time needed for acquisition and processing.
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BANDLER, RUTH, PARIS M. BRICKEY, STANLEY M. CICHOWICZ, JOHN S. GECAN, and PHILIP B. MISLIVEC. "Effects of Processing Equipment on Howard Mold and Rot Fragment Counts of Tomato Catsup." Journal of Food Protection 50, no. 1 (1987): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-50.1.28.
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Two studies were done to determine the effects of processing equipment on Howard mold and rot fragment counts of tomato catsup. In a pilot plant study in 1980, batches of catsup with known cut-out rot levels were produced and processed through various types of comminution equipment. Urschel and Fitzpatrick mills and homogenizers at 500 to 700 and 1500 to 2000 psi increased mold counts more than twofold over the range of data obtained. Contrary to previous reports, Urschel mills increased rot counts significantly. A nationwide survey was conducted in 1983 to determine if similar effects would be found with well-characterized commercial products. Data were obtained on inline and finished products from 164 lots of catsup produced at 16 plants located across the country. Urschel and Fitzpatrick mills tended to increase mold counts over twofold and caused a slight increase in rot counts. High pressure homogenizers (≥2000 psi) tended to decrease mold counts; low pressure homogenizers (<2000 psi) increased them. Homogenization at any pressure reduced rot counts dramatically. Although mold counts were highest for catsup produced in the eastern United States and lowest for catsup produced in the West, milling and low pressure homogenization were also most prevalent in the East and least prevalent in the West. When the effects of these types of comminution were removed, the difference between regions diminished. Compared with the norm, rainfall levels for the growing regions involved in this survey were fairly typical.
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Połomka, Jacek, Andrzej Jędrczak, and Sylwia Myszograj. "Recovery of Stabilizer Glass in Innovative MBT Installation—An Analasys of New Technological Procedure." Materials 13, no. 6 (2020): 1356. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13061356.
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The data published by the European Container Glass Federation shows that the EU28 average collection rate for recycling of glass containers has grown to a rate of 76%. However the stabilizer produced at mechanical-biological treatment (MBT) installations at landfills still contains large amounts of recyclable glass. An industrial-scale study has been undertaken in order to assess the possibility of recovering this glass from the stabilizer. A new pilot installation was built at the MBT plant in Marszów, Poland. Tests were conducted on stabilizer samples produced at the plant (13 samples) and others collected from several MBT plants based in Poland (six samples). Processing the stabilizer on the designed line made it possible to recover on average 68.4 ± 7.0% of the glass contained in it from Marszów samples and 58.4 ± 14.2% in the case of samples acquired from other MBT installations. It is demonstrated that the concentrate quality largely depends on the stabilizer’s moisture content. A concentrate with glass content from 98.0% to 99.5% was obtained for samples of low-moisture stabilizers (for 14 out of 19 samples). The product was accepted by glass recycling plants due to its low level of contamination with other materials and its appropriate particle size.
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Driller, Christine, Markus Koch, Marco Schmidt, et al. "Workflow and Current Achievements of BIOfid, an Information Service Mobilizing Biodiversity Data from Literature Sources." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (April 16, 2018): e25876. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.25876.
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BIOfid is a specialized information service currently being developed to mobilize biodiversity data dormant in printed historical and modern literature and to offer a platform for open access journals on the science of biodiversity. Our team of librarians, computer scientists and biologists produce high-quality text digitizations, develop new text-mining tools and generate detailed ontologies enabling semantic text analysis and semantic search by means of user-specific queries. In a pilot project we focus on German publications on the distribution and ecology of vascular plants, birds, moths and butterflies extending back to the Linnaeus period about 250 years ago. The three organism groups have been selected according to current demands of the relevant research community in Germany. The text corpus defined for this purpose comprises over 400 volumes with more than 100,000 pages to be digitized and will be complemented by journals from other digitization projects, copyright-free and project-related literature. With TextImager (Natural Language Processing & Text Visualization) and TextAnnotator (Discourse Semantic Annotation) we have already extended and launched tools that focus on the text-analytical section of our project. Furthermore, taxonomic and anatomical ontologies elaborated by us for the taxa prioritized by the project’s target group - German institutions and scientists active in biodiversity research - are constantly improved and expanded to maximize scientific data output. Our poster describes the general workflow of our project ranging from literature acquisition via software development, to data availability on the BIOfid web portal (http://biofid.de/), and the implementation into existing platforms which serve to promote global accessibility of biodiversity data.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pilot plants Data processing"
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Morgan, Clifford Owen. "Development of computer aided analysis and design software for studying dynamic process operability." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/10187.
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Dvorak, Gary John. "Economic analysis of irrigation pumping plants." Thesis, Kansas State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/9834.
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Kroc, Jonathan Fleming. "Tucson's Rainforest: Data Processing for Tracing Carbon in Soil, Plants, and Atmosphere in the Tropical Rainforest of Biosphere 2." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/323455.
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Ghosh, Sushmita. "Real time data acquisition for load management." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45726.
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Demand for Data Transfer between computers has increased ever since the introduction of Personal Computers (PC). Data Communicating on the Personal Computer is much more productive as it is an intelligent terminal that can connect to various hosts on the same I/O hardware circuit as well as execute processes on its own as an isolated system.
Yet, the PC on its own is useless for data communication. It requires a hardware interface circuit and software for controlling the handshaking signals and setting up communication parameters. Often the data is distorted due to noise in the line. Such transmission errors are imbedded in the data and require careful filtering.
The thesis deals with the development of a Data Acquisition system that collects real time load and weather data and stores them as historical database for use in a load forecast algorithm in a load management system. A filtering technique has been developed here that checks for transmission errors in the raw data. The microcomputers used in this development are the IBM PC/XT and the AT&T 3B2 supermicro computer.<br>Master of Science
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Huang, Fei. "3D Time-lapse Analysis of Seismic Reflection Data to Characterize the Reservoir at the Ketzin CO2 Storage Pilot Site." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Geofysik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-301003.
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3D time-lapse seismics, also known as 4D seismics, have great potential for monitoring the migration of CO2 at underground storage sites. This thesis focuses on time-lapse analysis of 3D seismic reflection data acquired at the Ketzin CO2 geological storage site in order to improve understanding of the reservoir and how CO2 migrates within it. Four 3D seismic surveys have been acquired to date at the site, one baseline survey in 2005 prior to injection, two repeat surveys in 2009 and 2012 during the injection period, and one post-injection survey in 2015. To accurately simulate time-lapse seismic signatures in the subsurface, detailed 3D seismic property models for the baseline and repeat surveys were constructed by integrating borehole data and the 3D seismic data. Pseudo-boreholes between and beyond well control were built. A zero-offset convolution seismic modeling approach was used to generate synthetic time-lapse seismograms. This allowed simulations to be performed quickly and limited the introduction of artifacts in the seismic responses. Conventional seismic data have two limitations, uncertainty in detecting the CO2 plume in the reservoir and limited temporal resolution. In order to overcome these limitations, complex spectral decomposition was applied to the 3D time-lapse seismic data. Monochromatic wavelet phase and reflectivity amplitude components were decomposed from the 3D time-lapse seismic data. Wavelet phase anomalies associated with the CO2 plume were observed in the time-lapse data and verified by a series of seismic modeling studies. Tuning frequencies were determined from the balanced amplitude spectra in an attempt to discriminate between pressure effects and CO2 saturation. Quantitative assessment of the reservoir thickness and CO2 mass were performed. Time-lapse analysis on the post-injection survey was carried out and the results showed a consistent tendency with the previous repeat surveys in the CO2 migration, but with a decrease in the size of the amplitude anomaly. No systematic anomalies above the caprock were detected. Analysis of the signal to noise ratio and seismic simulations using the detailed 3D property models were performed to explain the observations. Estimation of the CO2 mass and uncertainties in it were investigated using two different approaches based on different velocity-saturation models.
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Hidalgo, Ieda Geriberto 1976. "Ferramentas e metodologia para consolidação de dados de usinas hidreletricas brasileiras." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/260214.
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Orientadores: Secundino Soares Filho, João Eduardo Gonçalves Lopes, Marcelo Augusto Cicogna<br>Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T06:05:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2009<br>Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta ferramentas e procedimentos para a consolidação de dados de usinas hidrelétricas brasileiras. O objetivo é melhorar a qualidade dos dados que servem como entrada aos modelos computacionais utilizados no planejamento e na programação da operação energética. Como ferramentas de suporte à aplicação da metodologia, são descritos: o gerenciador de dados HydroData, o construtor de consultas HydroConsulta e o simulador da operação de usinas hidrelétricas HydroSim. A seqüência de procedimentos está dividida em duas etapas: análise da coerência da base de dados e consolidação efetiva das funções. No estudo de caso a metodologia foi aplicada a uma usina hidrelétrica que faz parte do Sistema Interligado Nacional e cuja operação está sob a coordenação e controle do Operador Nacional do Sistema Elétrico. A fim de avaliar os procedimentos, foram feitos estudos de reprodução da operação hidrelétrica, para o curtíssimo e curto prazo, alternando dados oficiais e dados consolidados de acordo com a técnica apresentada. Os resultados mostram que a melhoria da qualidade dos dados, obtida com a aplicação da metodologia proposta, aproxima a operação simulada da operação real. Dessa forma, ela contribui para a eficiência, confiabilidade e análise de desempenho dos modelos computacionais em uso no setor elétrico brasileiro.<br>Abstract: This work presents tools and procedures for the data consolidation from Brazilian hydroelectric plants. The objective is to improve the quality of the input data to the computational models used in the mid and short term operation planning. As support tool to the application of the methodology, are described: the data manager HydroData, the queries builder HydroConsulta and the simulator of the hydroelectric plants operation HydroSim. The procedures sequence is divided into two steps: analysis of the database coherency and effective consolidation of the functions. In the case study the methodology was applied to a hydroelectric plant which is part of the National Interconnected System and whose operation is under the coordination and control of the Independent System Operator. In order to evaluate the procedures, were made studies of hydroelectric operation reproduction, to the mid and short term, alternating official data and consolidated data in accordance with the technique presented. The results show that the improvement of the data quality, obtained with the application of the proposed methodology, brings the simulated and real operation closer. This way, it contributes to the efficiency, reliability and performance analysis of the computational models in use in the Brazilian electric sector.<br>Doutorado<br>Energia Eletrica<br>Doutor em Engenharia Elétrica
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Migdadi, Hassan S. O. "The realization of signal processing methods and their hardware implementation over multi-carrier modulation using FPGA technology. Validation and implementation of multi-carrier modulation on FPGA, and signal processing of the channel estimation techniques and filter bank architectures for DWT using HDL coding for mobile and wireless applications." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/8720.
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First part of this thesis presents the design, validation, and implementation of an Orthogonal
Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) transmitter and receiver on a Cyclone II FPGA chip using DSP builder and Quartus II high level design tools. The resources in terms of logical elements (LE) including combinational functions and logic registers allocated by the model have been investigated and addressed. The result shows that implementing the basic OFDM transceiver allocates about 14% (equivalent to 6% at transmitter and 8% at receiver) of the available LE resources on an Altera Cyclone II EP2C35F672C6 FPGA chip, largely taken up by the FFT, IFFT and soft decision encoder.
Secondly, a new wavelet-based OFDM system based on FDPP-DA based channel estimation is proposed as a reliable ECG Patient Monitoring System, a Personal Wireless telemedicine application. The system performance for different wavelet mothers has been investigated. The effects of AWGN and multipath Rayleigh fading channels have also been studied in the analysis. The performances of FDPP-DA and HDPP-DA-based channel estimations are compared based on both DFT-based OFDM and wavelet-based OFDM systems. The system model was studied using MATLAB software in which the average BER was addressed for randomized data. The main error differences that reflect the quality of the received ECG signals between the reconstructed and original ECG signals are established.
Finally a DA-based architecture for 1-D iDWT/DWT based on an OFDM model is implemented for an ECG-PMS wireless telemedicine application. In the portable wireless body transmitter unit at the patient site, a fully Serial-DA-based scheme for iDWT is realized to support higher hardware utilization and lower power consumption; whereas a fully Parallel-DA-based scheme for DWT is applied at the base unit of the hospital site to support a higher throughput. It should be noted that the behavioural level of HDL models of the proposed system was developed and implemented to confirm its correctness in simulation. Then, after the simulation process the design models were synthesised and implemented for the target FPGA to confirm their validation.
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Migdadi, Hassan Saleh Okleh. "The realization of signal processing methods and their hardware implementation over multi-carrier modulation using FPGA technology : validation and implementation of multi-carrier modulation on FPGA, and signal processing of the channel estimation techniques and filter bank architectures for DWT using HDL coding for mobile and wireless applications." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/8720.
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First part of this thesis presents the design, validation, and implementation of an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) transmitter and receiver on a Cyclone II FPGA chip using DSP builder and Quartus II high level design tools. The resources in terms of logical elements (LE) including combinational functions and logic registers allocated by the model have been investigated and addressed. The result shows that implementing the basic OFDM transceiver allocates about 14% (equivalent to 6% at transmitter and 8% at receiver) of the available LE resources on an Altera Cyclone II EP2C35F672C6 FPGA chip, largely taken up by the FFT, IFFT and soft decision encoder. Secondly, a new wavelet-based OFDM system based on FDPP-DA based channel estimation is proposed as a reliable ECG Patient Monitoring System, a Personal Wireless telemedicine application. The system performance for different wavelet mothers has been investigated. The effects of AWGN and multipath Rayleigh fading channels have also been studied in the analysis. The performances of FDPP-DA and HDPP-DA-based channel estimations are compared based on both DFT-based OFDM and wavelet-based OFDM systems. The system model was studied using MATLAB software in which the average BER was addressed for randomized data. The main error differences that reflect the quality of the received ECG signals between the reconstructed and original ECG signals are established. Finally a DA-based architecture for 1-D iDWT/DWT based on an OFDM model is implemented for an ECG-PMS wireless telemedicine application. In the portable wireless body transmitter unit at the patient site, a fully Serial-DA-based scheme for iDWT is realized to support higher hardware utilization and lower power consumption; whereas a fully Parallel-DA-based scheme for DWT is applied at the base unit of the hospital site to support a higher throughput. It should be noted that the behavioural level of HDL models of the proposed system was developed and implemented to confirm its correctness in simulation. Then, after the simulation process the design models were synthesised and implemented for the target FPGA to confirm their validation.
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Liu, Kai-sheung Bonnie, and 廖繼嫦. "The impact of the use of information technology on teachers: a survey of IT pilot schools in HongKong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31961381.
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Kari, Uday Shankar. "Emergency evacuation around nuclear power stations : a systems approach /." Thesis, This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03122009-040357/.
Full textBooks on the topic "Pilot plants Data processing"
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University of Saskatchewan. Library. E-Journal Pilot Project Working Group. Report of the E-Journal Pilot Project Working Group. University of Saskatchewan Libraries, 1993.
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Canada, Statistics. Electronic publications pilot, 1996/97: Final report. Statistics Canada, 1996.
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Consulting, Andersen. Quarterly employment tracking system: Unemployment insurance wage record feasibility study and pilot test project : final report. Texas State Occupational Information Coordinating Committee, 1990.
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Geographic, Information Systems Seminar (1989 Toronto Ontario). Beyond the pilot project: The next generation. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, 1989.
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Plant taxonomy: The systematic evaluation of comparative data. 2nd ed. Columbia University Press, 2008.
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Stuessy, Tod F. Plant taxonomy: The systematic evaluation of comparative data. Columbia University Press, 1990.
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Arnold, Miller Larry, Kingston Regional Pilot Test Centre (Kingston, Ont.), and Ontario Ministry of Education, eds. Yes, but are they learning anything?: Interim report #3 from the Kingston Regional Pilot Test Centre. Ontario Ministry of Education, 1989.
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Jolicoeur, J. Emergency response data system (ERDS) implementation. Office for Analysis and Evaluation of Operational Data, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 1991.
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Stibbe, Hugo L. P. MARC accessioning pilot project: Final report. Office of Archival Descriptive Standards, National Archives of Canada, 1990.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Pilot plants Data processing"
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Södergård, Caj. "Summary of Potential and Exploitation of Big Data and AI in Bioeconomy." In Big Data in Bioeconomy. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71069-9_32.
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AbstractIn this final chapter, we summarize the DataBio learnings about how to exploit big data and AI in bioeconomy. The development platform for the software used in the 27 pilots was a central tool. The Enterprise Architecture model Archimate laid a solid basis for the complex software in the pilots. Handling data from sensors and earth observation were shown in numerous pilots. Genomic data from crop species allows us to significantly speed up plant breeding by predicting plant properties in-silico. Data integration is crucial and we show how linked data enables searches over multiple datasets. Real-time processing of events provides insights for fast decision-making, for example about ship engine conditions. We show how sensitive bioeconomy data can be analysed in a privacy-preserving way. The agriculture pilots show with clear numbers the impact of big data and AI on precision agriculture, insurance and subsidies control. In forestry, DataBio developed several big data tools for forest monitoring. In fishery, we demonstrate how to reduce maintenance cost and time as well as fuel consumption in the operation of fishing vessels as well as how to accurately predict fish catches. The chapter ends with perspectives on earth observation, machine learning, data sharing and crowdsourcing.
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de Prada, Cesar, and Daniel Sarabia. "Data Pre-treatment." In Resource Efficiency of Processing Plants. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527804153.ch8.
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Dörpinghaus, Meik. "Joint Processing of Pilot and Data Symbols." In On the Achievable Rate of Stationary Fading Channels. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19780-2_7.
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Dubois, Emilien, Colin Blättler, Cyril Camachon, and Christophe Hurter. "Eye Movements Data Processing for Ab Initio Military Pilot Training." In Intelligent Decision Technologies. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19857-6_12.
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Miettinen, Jukka, Stéphanie Bonnet, Allan A. Nielsen, Seppo Huurinainen, and Renne Tergujeff. "Forest Variable Estimation and Change Monitoring Solutions Based on Remote Sensing Big Data." In Big Data in Bioeconomy. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71069-9_24.
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AbstractIn this pilot, we demonstrate the usability of online platforms to provide forest inventory systems for exploiting the benefits of big data. The pilot highlights the technical transferability of online platform based forest inventory services. All of the services tested in the piloting sites were technically implemented successfully. However, in new geographical areas, strong user involvement in service definition and field data provision will be needed to provide reliable and meaningful results for the users. Overall, the pilot demonstrated well the benefits of technology use in forest monitoring through a range of forest inventory applications utilizing online big data processing approaches and inter-platform connections.
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Akram Zaytar, Mohamed, Chaker El Amrani, Abderrahman El Kharrim, Mohamed Ben Ahmed, and Mohammed Bouhorma. "A Data Processing System to Monitor Emissions from Thermal Plants in Morocco." In Innovations in Smart Cities and Applications. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74500-8_16.
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Wiener, Patrick, and Steffen Thoma. "Streaming Language Processing in Manufacturing." In European Language Grid. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17258-8_26.
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AbstractOften underestimated, (semi-)structured textual data sources are an important cornerstone in the manufacturing sector for product and process quality tracking. The ELG pilot project SLAPMAN develops novel methods for industrial text analytics in the form of scalable, reusable, and potentially stateful microservices, which can be easily orchestrated by domain experts in order to define quality anomaly patterns, e. g., by analysing machine states and error logs. The results are fully available as open source and integrated into the IIoT toolbox Apache StreamPipes.
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Berkhout, Volker, Carsten Frey, Philipp Hertweck, David Nestle, and Manuel Wickert. "Energy Data Space." In Designing Data Spaces. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93975-5_20.
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AbstractThe energy sector is in a dynamic transition from centralized systems with large fossil power plants to a decentralized system with a high number of renewable energy assets and a rapidly increasing number of additional flexible loads from storage solutions, e-mobility, or power-to-heat applications.To operate the system reliably, demand and supply have to be matched at all times very closely. Thus, the sector is very data and communication intensive and requires advanced ICT solutions to automate processes and deal with the enormous complexity.The Energy Data Space can enable the digitalization of the energy transition by providing an architecture to make data available in order to increase the efficiency in asset and system operation.Data provision and market communication within the system operations of electricity grids is a key use case due to its central role in the sector. Next, the integration of data from the smart meter rollout could as well be built on Data Space technology. Further use cases include predictive maintenance and the energy supply of buildings.Initial research projects have demonstrated the feasibility of basic use cases. On the European level, the Platoon project will provide seven pilot applications by 2024.
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Garg, Vanika, and Rajeev K. Varshney. "Analysis of Small RNA Sequencing Data in Plants." In Plant Bioinformatics. Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2067-0_26.
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AbstractOver the past decades, next-generation sequencing (NGS) has been employed extensively for investigating the regulatory mechanisms of small RNAs. Several bioinformatics tools are available for aiding biologists to extract meaningful information from enormous amounts of data generated by NGS platforms. This chapter describes a detailed methodology for analyzing small RNA sequencing data using different open source tools. We elaborate on various steps involved in analysis, from processing the raw sequencing reads to identifying miRNAs, their targets, and differential expression studies.
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Dojcinovski, D. M., D. J. Mamucevski, and V. P. Mihailov. "Seismic Monitoring of Nuclear Power Plants; An Approach to Optimal and More Accurate Seismic Data Processing and Interpretation Procedure." In Strong Motion Instrumentation for Civil Engineering Structures. Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0696-5_29.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Pilot plants Data processing"
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Szendrey, L. Michael. "The Anaerobic Treatment of Food and Citrus Processing Wastewaters." In ASME 1990 Citrus Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cec1990-3603.
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Anaerobic treatment technology for wastewater has developed rapidly over the last decade. The major driving forces are the low operating costs and the energy benefit derived from the methane generated. Also, increasing Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) surcharges imposed on industrial sewer discharges can often be minimized by anaerobic treatment alone. A variety of new technologies has emerged to treat the various types of wastewater produced. The food and citrus processing industry produce wastewater both low and high in BOD and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) as well as other unique constituents. The advantages and disadvantages of the different types of technologies are discussed, especially as they apply to the types of wastewater produced in the food processing industry. (Operating data from a full scale anaerobic plant treating a fermentation wastewater is presented.) The pilot plant scale study on a citrus wastewater is discussed. Paper published with permission.
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Айсунгуров, Н. Д., and А. А. Эльмурзаев. "PROSPECTS OF PROCESSING OF RAW MATERIALS WITH DIVERSIFICATION OF DIRECTIONS OF PRODUCTION OF PRODUCTS." In «АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ НАУКИ: ТЕОРИЯ, ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ, МЕТОДОЛОГИЯ И ПРАКТИКА». Международная научно-практическая онлайн-конференция, приуроченная к 60-ти летию член-корреспондента Академии наук ЧР, доктора технических наук, профессора Сайд-Альви Юсуповича Муртазаева. Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34708/gstou.conf..2021.71.22.026.
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В статье приводятся аналитические данные по эффективности диверсификации процессов переработки сырья агропромышленного комплекса, указана необходимость модернизации промышленного оборудования, в соответствии с развитием современных технологий в области цифровизации промышленных процессов переработки сырья. Также приведен сравнительный анализ курдючного жира относительно бараньего и говяжьего жира. Показана эффективность переработки животного жира, с последующим гранулированием, после предварительного копчения на опытной установке и целесообразность гранулирования в плане удобства пользования для потребителя. The article provides analytical data on the efficiency of diversification of the processing of raw materials in the agro-industrial complex, indicates the need to modernize industrial equipment, in accordance with the development of modern technologies in the field of digitalization of industrial processes for processing raw materials. A comparative analysis of fat tail fat versus lamb and beef fat is also provided. The efficiency of animal fat processing, followed by granulation, after preliminary smoking in a pilot plant, and the feasibility of granulation in terms of ease of use for the consumer are shown.
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Jaworski, Artur J., Tomasz Dyakowski, and Graham A. Davies. "Smart Sensors for Controlling Oil-Water Separation Processes." In ASME 2001 Engineering Technology Conference on Energy. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/etce2001-17102.
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Abstract In this paper we present a novel approach to designing sensors and instrumentation for monitoring and controlling multiphase processes. Our concept is based on using distributed sensor arrays, embedded within the vital plant components and thus forming smart structures. Distributed information obtained from such devices, coupled with appropriate data processing, could improve our understanding of the nature of multiphase processes and hence improve plant operation. We discuss the requirements for such sensors and, in the experimental part of this paper, present a short case study, conducted at UMIST Pilot Plant facility, to highlight the benefits of using smart sensing techniques in a process environment. We hope that this paper will open a general discussion on sensing multiphase flows.
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Pierson, Nicholas, Richard Clarke, and Oleg Mikhailov. "Transforming Asset Maintenance and Optimisation Through Autonomous Operations." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31847-ms.
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Abstract Autonomous Operations is about utilising the latest available fit-for-purpose technology in operations, maintenance, inspection, and asset optimisation. It involves collecting operating data such as visual, thermal, low- and high-frequency acoustic, FLIR (Forward Looking InfraRed), and gas-sensing through devices mounted on autonomous robots or drones, possibly mixed with stand-alone fixed devices. This "mobile sensor" approach is ideal for existing infrastructure where adding enhanced sensing capabilities with an IoT solution is cost prohibitive. It is flexible: if a site is modified, the robots can be given a new route to monitor. It is also future proof as sensors can be easily upgraded as technology advances. Autonomous robot inspection is enabled by a software platform designed for full processing "at Edge" as a typical robotics inspection generates tens of gigabytes of data per hour. Data pre-processing, construction of detailed 3D temperature, vibration amplitude and gas concentration maps, identification of anomalies, their classification by criticality and communication to operators is done by computers at the facility. Time lapse analysis is used to process the data either in-situ, or remotely, depending on site connectivity. Reports are automatically generated indicating whether the site is functioning within normal working conditions, or an anomaly has been detected. The electronic reports contain the 3D model and are viewable on mobile devices providing the field engineer with detailed diagnostic data literally at their fingertips. The process builds and maintains the living digital twin without having to expend engineering hours to update 3D models. This process not only removes the need for people, which reduces cost and safety risk, but also improves reliability by increasing the available data set and reducing inspection intervals. By utilising data analytics and artificial intelligence, the anomalies detected can be risk ranked, prioritised and scheduled based on a latest acceptable completion date. This technology has been tested through a pilot program at an activated carbon plant in Wyoming during the summer of 2021. In this paper, we will present a case study of this pilot, covering installation, data acquisition and processing, as well as the key challenges and results.
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Pierson, Nicholas, Richard Clarke, and Oleg Mikhailov. "Transforming Asset Maintenance and Optimisation Through Autonomous Operations." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31847-ms.
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Abstract Autonomous Operations is about utilising the latest available fit-for-purpose technology in operations, maintenance, inspection, and asset optimisation. It involves collecting operating data such as visual, thermal, low- and high-frequency acoustic, FLIR (Forward Looking InfraRed), and gas-sensing through devices mounted on autonomous robots or drones, possibly mixed with stand-alone fixed devices. This "mobile sensor" approach is ideal for existing infrastructure where adding enhanced sensing capabilities with an IoT solution is cost prohibitive. It is flexible: if a site is modified, the robots can be given a new route to monitor. It is also future proof as sensors can be easily upgraded as technology advances. Autonomous robot inspection is enabled by a software platform designed for full processing "at Edge" as a typical robotics inspection generates tens of gigabytes of data per hour. Data pre-processing, construction of detailed 3D temperature, vibration amplitude and gas concentration maps, identification of anomalies, their classification by criticality and communication to operators is done by computers at the facility. Time lapse analysis is used to process the data either in-situ, or remotely, depending on site connectivity. Reports are automatically generated indicating whether the site is functioning within normal working conditions, or an anomaly has been detected. The electronic reports contain the 3D model and are viewable on mobile devices providing the field engineer with detailed diagnostic data literally at their fingertips. The process builds and maintains the living digital twin without having to expend engineering hours to update 3D models. This process not only removes the need for people, which reduces cost and safety risk, but also improves reliability by increasing the available data set and reducing inspection intervals. By utilising data analytics and artificial intelligence, the anomalies detected can be risk ranked, prioritised and scheduled based on a latest acceptable completion date. This technology has been tested through a pilot program at an activated carbon plant in Wyoming during the summer of 2021. In this paper, we will present a case study of this pilot, covering installation, data acquisition and processing, as well as the key challenges and results.
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Yu, Gang, Yu‐Taik Chon, Patricia de Lugão, Beatriz Gomez, and Paul Bicquart. "Gypsy pilot site crosswell seismic data processing." In SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2000. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1815769.
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García, M. Luisa, Gustavo Calvo-Parra, Ángel Hipólito, et al. "Monitoring, Communications and Data Processing of CPV Plants." In 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCENTRATING PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS: CPV-6. AIP, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3509209.
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Lucas José da Silva Moreira, George Acioli Júnior, and Péricles Rezende Barros. "EVALUATION OF TIME AND FREQUENCY DOMAIN DATA-DRIVEN PID TUNING APPLIED TO PILOT PLANTS." In XXII Congresso Brasileiro de Automática. SBA Sociedade Brasileira de Automática, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.20906/cps/cba2018-0411.
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Lu, Keping, Hairong Wang, and Chen Liu. "The impact of CSI errors and pilot contamination on the pilot-to-data power ratio." In 2017 International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ISPACS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ispacs.2017.8266588.
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Sherishorin, Vitaly, Martin Rylance, Yevgeniy Tuzov, et al. "Hollow Glass Spheres HGS in Drilling Fluid: Case Study of Preventing and Mitigating Total Losses." In SPE Russian Petroleum Technology Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206447-ms.
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Abstract The paper describes the first deployment of HGS in Eastern Siberia as a mud additive. The technology was utilized for reducing drilling fluid density for prevention and mitigation of losses; while drilling through a producing reservoir section with low pore pressure, unconsolidated and fractured sands. The engineering considerations, fundamentals of the approach and major risks involved were reviewed with application to the Sredneboutobinskoye Oilfield as a pilot field application for broader future plans. Key planning, delivery and execution principles of the initial application will be reported in the paper. Initially deployed on three wells, including multi-laterals (Rylance et al., 2021), the paper will walk through the engineering considerations during the planning and execution phases. Key sections include the data gathered and the many lessons learned during the incremental and stepwise deployment. The paper will also report on post drilling productivity and comparisons with the offset wells drilled with conventional mud systems, which suffered severe losses. The results of this pilot have exceeded expectations. There have been many insights and the Team are now looking to set a timetable to scale-up across the Taas-Yuryakh Neftegazodobycha (TYNGD). After many hours of laboratories study and preparation works, the general plan was to reduce the static density and ECD to mitigate fluid losses. However, the applied results showed additional effects from HGS. Data will be provided that demonstrated loss-free drilling was achieved where this had not been the case before, with a material reduction in NPT, lost circulation material (LCM) needs and costs. Much has been learned, recovered HGS material has been demonstrated to be an effective LCM pill and centralization of mud processing may offer additional cost savings and improvements. Further efficiencies are also expected to be achieved and future potential is considerable. HGS for cementing is well documented, yet application for drilling fluids has been less well reported and almost exclusively related to single wells. The TYNGD application is innovative as this is a major development with 10 active drilling rigs. The application is on multi-laterals and offset wells are available for direct comparison. The results of the approach demonstrate a new way of performing well construction in an effective manner for major field developments where losses are prevalent.
Reports on the topic "Pilot plants Data processing"
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Hennekens, S. M., W. A. Ozinga, and J. H. J. Schaminée. BioScore 3 - Plants : Background and pre-processing of distribution data. Wageningen University & Research, Statutory Research Tasks Unit for Nature & the Environment, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/428824.
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Leavy, Michelle B., Danielle Cooke, Sarah Hajjar, et al. Outcome Measure Harmonization and Data Infrastructure for Patient-Centered Outcomes Research in Depression: Report on Registry Configuration. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcregistryoutcome.
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Background: Major depressive disorder is a common mental disorder. Many pressing questions regarding depression treatment and outcomes exist, and new, efficient research approaches are necessary to address them. The primary objective of this project is to demonstrate the feasibility and value of capturing the harmonized depression outcome measures in the clinical workflow and submitting these data to different registries. Secondary objectives include demonstrating the feasibility of using these data for patient-centered outcomes research and developing a toolkit to support registries interested in sharing data with external researchers. Methods: The harmonized outcome measures for depression were developed through a multi-stakeholder, consensus-based process supported by AHRQ. For this implementation effort, the PRIME Registry, sponsored by the American Board of Family Medicine, and PsychPRO, sponsored by the American Psychiatric Association, each recruited 10 pilot sites from existing registry sites, added the harmonized measures to the registry platform, and submitted the project for institutional review board review Results: The process of preparing each registry to calculate the harmonized measures produced three major findings. First, some clarifications were necessary to make the harmonized definitions operational. Second, some data necessary for the measures are not routinely captured in structured form (e.g., PHQ-9 item 9, adverse events, suicide ideation and behavior, and mortality data). Finally, capture of the PHQ-9 requires operational and technical modifications. The next phase of this project will focus collection of the baseline and follow-up PHQ-9s, as well as other supporting clinical documentation. In parallel to the data collection process, the project team will examine the feasibility of using natural language processing to extract information on PHQ-9 scores, adverse events, and suicidal behaviors from unstructured data. Conclusion: This pilot project represents the first practical implementation of the harmonized outcome measures for depression. Initial results indicate that it is feasible to calculate the measures within the two patient registries, although some challenges were encountered related to the harmonized definition specifications, the availability of the necessary data, and the clinical workflow for collecting the PHQ-9. The ongoing data collection period, combined with an evaluation of the utility of natural language processing for these measures, will produce more information about the practical challenges, value, and burden of using the harmonized measures in the primary care and mental health setting. These findings will be useful to inform future implementations of the harmonized depression outcome measures.
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Fluhr, Robert, and Volker Brendel. Harnessing the genetic diversity engendered by alternative gene splicing. United States Department of Agriculture, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7696517.bard.
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Our original objectives were to assess the unexplored dimension of alternative splicing as a source of genetic variation. In particular, we sought to initially establish an alternative splicing database for Arabidopsis, the only plant for which a near-complete genome has been assembled. Our goal was to then use the database, in part, to advance plant gene prediction programs that are currently a limiting factor in annotating genomic sequence data and thus will facilitate the exploitation of the ever increasing quantity of raw genomic data accumulating for plants. Additionally, the database was to be used to generate probes for establishing high-throughput alternative transcriptome analysis in the form of a splicing-specific oligonucleotide microarray. We achieved the first goal and established a database and web site termed Alternative Splicing In Plants (ASIP, http://www.plantgdb.org/ASIP/). We also thoroughly reviewed the extent of alternative splicing in plants (Arabidopsis and rice) and proposed mechanisms for transcript processing. We noted that the repertoire of plant alternative splicing differs from that encountered in animals. For example, intron retention turned out to be the major type. This surprising development was proven by direct RNA isolation techniques. We further analyzed EST databases available from many plants and developed a process to assess their alternative splicing rate. Our results show that the lager genome-sized plant species have enhanced rates of alternative splicing. We did advance gene prediction accuracy in plants by incorporating scoring for non-canonical introns. Our data and programs are now being used in the continuing annotation of plant genomes of agronomic importance, including corn, soybean, and tomato. Based on the gene annotation data developed in the early part of the project, it turned out that specific probes for different exons could not be scaled up to a large array because no uniform hybridization conditions could be found. Therefore, we modified our original objective to design and produce an oligonucleotide microarray for probing alternative splicing and realized that it may be reasonable to investigate the extent of alternative splicing using novel commercial whole genome arrays. This possibility was directly examined by establishing algorithms for the analysis of such arrays. The predictive value of the algorithms was then shown by isolation and verification of alternative splicing predictions from the published whole genome array databases. The BARD-funded work provides a significant advance in understanding the extent and possible roles of alternative splicing in plants as well as a foundation for advances in computational gene prediction.
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Mevarech, Moshe, Jeremy Bruenn, and Yigal Koltin. Virus Encoded Toxin of the Corn Smut Ustilago Maydis - Isolation of Receptors and Mapping Functional Domains. United States Department of Agriculture, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7613022.bard.
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Ustilago maydis is a fungal pathogen of maize. Some strains of U. maydis encode secreted polypeptide toxins capable of killing other susceptible strains of U. maydis. Resistance to the toxins is conferred by recessive nuclear genes. The toxins are encoded by genomic segments of resident double-strande RNA viruses. The best characterized toxin, KP6, is composed of two polypeptides, a and b, which are not covalently linked. It is encoded by P6M2 dsRNA, which has been cloned, sequenced and expressed in a variety of systems. In this study we have shown that the toxin acts on the membranes of sensitive cells and that both polypeptides are required for toxin activity. The toxin has been shown to function by creating new pores in the cell membrane and disrupting ion fluxes. The experiments performed on artificial phospholipid bilayers indicated that KP6 forms large voltage-independent, cation-selective channels. Experiments leading to the resolution of structure-function relationship of the toxin by in vitro analysis have been initiated. During the course of this research the collaboration also yielded X-ray diffracion data of the crystallized a polypeptide. The effect of the toxin on the pathogen has been shown to be receptor-mediated. A potential receptor protein, identified in membrane fractions of sensitive cells, was subjected to tryptic hydrolysis followed by amino-acid analysis. The peptides obtained were used to isolate a cDNA fragment by reverse PCR, which showed 30% sequence homology to the human HLA protein. Analysis of other toxins secreted by U. maydis, KP1 and KP4, have demonstrated that, unlike KP6, they are composed of a single polypeptide. Finally, KP6 has been expressed in transgenic tobacco plants, indicating that accurate processing by Kex2p-like activity occurs in plants as well. Using tobacco as a model system, we determined that active antifungal toxins can be synthesized and targeted to the outside of transgenic plant cells. If this methodology can be applied to other agronomically crop species, then U. maydis toxins may provide a novel means for biological control of pathogenic fungi.
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Alchanatis, Victor, Stephen W. Searcy, Moshe Meron, W. Lee, G. Y. Li, and A. Ben Porath. Prediction of Nitrogen Stress Using Reflectance Techniques. United States Department of Agriculture, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7580664.bard.
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Commercial agriculture has come under increasing pressure to reduce nitrogen fertilizer inputs in order to minimize potential nonpoint source pollution of ground and surface waters. This has resulted in increased interest in site specific fertilizer management. One way to solve pollution problems would be to determine crop nutrient needs in real time, using remote detection, and regulating fertilizer dispensed by an applicator. By detecting actual plant needs, only the additional nitrogen necessary to optimize production would be supplied. This research aimed to develop techniques for real time assessment of nitrogen status of corn using a mobile sensor with the potential to regulate nitrogen application based on data from that sensor. Specifically, the research first attempted to determine the system parameters necessary to optimize reflectance spectra of corn plants as a function of growth stage, chlorophyll and nitrogen status. In addition to that, an adaptable, multispectral sensor and the signal processing algorithm to provide real time, in-field assessment of corn nitrogen status was developed. Spectral characteristics of corn leaves reflectance were investigated in order to estimate the nitrogen status of the plants, using a commercial laboratory spectrometer. Statistical models relating leaf N and reflectance spectra were developed for both greenhouse and field plots. A basis was established for assessing nitrogen status using spectral reflectance from plant canopies. The combined effect of variety and N treatment was studied by measuring the reflectance of three varieties of different leaf characteristic color and five different N treatments. The variety effect on the reflectance at 552 nm was not significant (a = 0.01), while canonical discriminant analysis showed promising results for distinguishing different variety and N treatment, using spectral reflectance. Ambient illumination was found inappropriate for reliable, one-beam spectral reflectance measurement of the plants canopy due to the strong spectral lines of sunlight. Therefore, artificial light was consequently used. For in-field N status measurement, a dark chamber was constructed, to include the sensor, along with artificial illumination. Two different approaches were tested (i) use of spatially scattered artificial light, and (ii) use of collimated artificial light beam. It was found that the collimated beam along with a proper design of the sensor-beam geometry yielded the best results in terms of reducing the noise due to variable background, and maintaining the same distance from the sensor to the sample point of the canopy. A multispectral sensor assembly, based on a linear variable filter was designed, constructed and tested. The sensor assembly combined two sensors to cover the range of 400 to 1100 nm, a mounting frame, and a field data acquisition system. Using the mobile dark chamber and the developed sensor, as well as an off-the-shelf sensor, in- field nitrogen status of the plants canopy was measured. Statistical analysis of the acquired in-field data showed that the nitrogen status of the com leaves can be predicted with a SEP (Standard Error of Prediction) of 0.27%. The stage of maturity of the crop affected the relationship between the reflectance spectrum and the nitrogen status of the leaves. Specifically, the best prediction results were obtained when a separate model was used for each maturity stage. In-field assessment of the nitrogen status of corn leaves was successfully carried out by non contact measurement of the reflectance spectrum. This technology is now mature to be incorporated in field implements for on-line control of fertilizer application.
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Ron, Eliora, and Eugene Eugene Nester. Global functional genomics of plant cell transformation by agrobacterium. United States Department of Agriculture, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7695860.bard.
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The aim of this study was to carry out a global functional genomics analysis of plant cell transformation by Agrobacterium in order to define and characterize the physiology of Agrobacterium in the acidic environment of a wounded plant. We planed to study the proteome and transcriptome of Agrobacterium in response to a change in pH, from 7.2 to 5.5 and identify genes and circuits directly involved in this change. Bacteria-plant interactions involve a large number of global regulatory systems, which are essential for protection against new stressful conditions. The interaction of bacteria with their hosts has been previously studied by genetic-physiological methods. We wanted to make use of the new capabilities to study these interactions on a global scale, using transcription analysis (transcriptomics, microarrays) and proteomics (2D gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry). The results provided extensive data on the functional genomics under conditions that partially mimic plant infection and – in addition - revealed some surprising and significant data. Thus, we identified the genes whose expression is modulated when Agrobacterium is grown under the acidic conditions found in the rhizosphere (pH 5.5), an essential environmental factor in Agrobacterium – plant interactions essential for induction of the virulence program by plant signal molecules. Among the 45 genes whose expression was significantly elevated, of special interest is the two-component chromosomally encoded system, ChvG/I which is involved in regulating acid inducible genes. A second exciting system under acid and ChvG/Icontrol is a secretion system for proteins, T6SS, encoded by 14 genes which appears to be important for Rhizobium leguminosarum nodule formation and nitrogen fixation and for virulence of Agrobacterium. The proteome analysis revealed that gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), a metabolite secreted by wounded plants, induces the synthesis of an Agrobacterium lactonase which degrades the quorum sensing signal, N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL), resulting in attenuation of virulence. In addition, through a transcriptomic analysis of Agrobacterium growing at the pH of the rhizosphere (pH=5.5), we demonstrated that salicylic acid (SA) a well-studied plant signal molecule important in plant defense, attenuates Agrobacterium virulence in two distinct ways - by down regulating the synthesis of the virulence (vir) genes required for the processing and transfer of the T-DNA and by inducing the same lactonase, which in turn degrades the AHL. Thus, GABA and SA with different molecular structures, induce the expression of these same genes. The identification of genes whose expression is modulated by conditions that mimic plant infection, as well as the identification of regulatory molecules that help control the early stages of infection, advance our understanding of this complex bacterial-plant interaction and has immediate potential applications to modify it. We expect that the data generated by our research will be used to develop novel strategies for the control of crown gall disease. Moreover, these results will also provide the basis for future biotechnological approaches that will use genetic manipulations to improve bacterial-plant interactions, leading to more efficient DNA transfer to recalcitrant plants and robust symbiosis. These advances will, in turn, contribute to plant protection by introducing genes for resistance against other bacteria, pests and environmental stress.
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Ferreira, Nuno, Judith Townend, William McCready, Erika Carrière, Hannah Farkas, and Samantha Robinson. Developing a cost-free legal advice service for asylum seekers and migrants in Brighton and Hove. University of Sussex Migration Law Clinic, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.20919/wptu7861.
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In 2018, a team of University of Sussex undergraduate law students working under the supervision of academic staff, conducted the Migration Law Clinic Pilot Study. This was in response to growing and grave concerns about the lack of availability of legal support and services for those seeking asylum and other forms of leave to remain in the UK. These concerns have only heightened in the intervening period: most recently, in response to the government’s publication of a draft Bill of Rights to repeal and replace the Human Rights Act 1998, which would make it much more difficult for potential deportees to rely on Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) to prevent removal and might have a wider impact on the rights and status of vulnerable groups of migrants in the UK; and, among other initiatives, the government’s intention to involuntarily relocate asylum seekers to Rwanda, which will then be responsible for processing the asylum claim and for providing asylum in successful cases. The purposes of the study were: i) To better understand some of the challenges faced by asylum seekers and vulnerable migrants living in Brighton and Hove when applying for asylum, and other forms of leave to remain and leave to enter. ii) To identify the extent and reasons for any shortfall in cost-free immigration and asylum law advice and representation in Brighton and Hove. iii) To gauge whether there was demand for additional free legal advice in the form of a university law clinic, specialising in immigration and asylum law. The team undertook a review of the legal framework that governs the provision of legal aid for immigration and asylum law matters and of relevant academic commentary on its impact. The team also gathered new empirical data based on interviews with a range of local stakeholders. This report sets out the team’s findings, describes how it informed the development of the clinic, and makes recommendations both for the further development of the Clinic and for changes to the provision of legal aid. Finally, it offers advice to other universities contemplating setting up their own clinic in this area.