Academic literature on the topic 'Pilot project using LED luminaires'
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Journal articles on the topic "Pilot project using LED luminaires"
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Kolesnyk, A. "Optical System for Led Luminaire." Metrology and instruments, no. 4 (September 7, 2019): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.33955/2307-2180(4)2019.62-67.
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Lighting devices are an important element of a large number of technical systems, including road, living, industrial lighting, lighting systems of vehicles. It is known that the light instrument must fulfill two basic lighting tasks: to redistribute the light source of light source in the right way and to limit its dazzling effect. The introduction of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) for lighting necessitated a completely new quality in the construction of luminaires. The different production technology required new methods and designing tools. It also challenged designers with new problems to solve. LEDs are light sources emitting in one hemisphere, which requires a special approach to designing an LED lighting unit. However, for the illumination of premises with high spans or streets, roads such a light distribution is not suitable. For luminaires with solid-state light sources, other materials and new technology must be used; moreover, light distribution needs to be formed using different methods.
 This paper presents the design process of a LED luminaire from concept to implementation, exemplified by road lighting, and describes the methods and procedures used by the designer. Also, technological problems influencing the quality of the above lighting are addressed. Optical systems for LEDs are considered. The peculiarities of the use of secondary optical elements in the form of lenses for purpose of obtaining different diagrams of the spatial distribution of light intensity of light-emitting diodes are analyzed. Features and problems of calculation of secondary optical systems are considered. Massive collimators do not have to be elements that focus a narrow beam of light. They are able to form a beam in accordance with any accepted distribution that is appropriate for a given application. They are also able to form a beam in a specific way that is required for outdoor lighting luminaires. The stages of a project for designing a road luminaire require the application of the knowledge and experience gained in various research projects. The design methods described in this paper have been developed designing activity and are also to be used successfully in lighting production.
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Boughton, Bob, Donna Ah Chee, Jack Beetson, Deborah Durnan, and Jose Chala LeBlanch. "An Aboriginal Adult Literacy Campaign Pilot Study in Australia using Yes I Can." Literacy and Numeracy Studies 21, no. 1 (2013): 5–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/lns.v21i1.3328.
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In 2012, the remote Aboriginal community of Wilcannia in western NSW hosted the first Australian pilot of a Cuban mass adult literacy campaign model known as Yes I Can. The aim was to investigate the appropriateness of this model in Aboriginal Australia. Building on an intensive community development process of ‘socialisation and mobilisation’, sixteen community members with very low literacy graduated from the basic literacy course, with the majority continuing on into post-literacy activities, further training and/or employment. The pilot was initiated by the National Aboriginal Adult Literacy Campaign Steering Committee (NAALCSC) consisting of Aboriginal leaders from the education and health sectors, and managed by the University of New England (UNE), working in partnership with the Wilcannia Local Aboriginal Land Council as the local lead agency. The pilot was supported by a Cuban academic who came to Australia for this purpose, and included a Participatory Action Research (PAR) evaluation led by the UNE Project Manager. In this paper, members of the project team and the NAALCSC describe the pilot and reflect on its outcomes.
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Ortiz, Victor, Rachael Cain, Scott W. Formica, Rebecca Bishop, Haner Hernández, and Lorena Lama. "Our Voices Matter: Using Lived Experience to Promote Equity in Problem Gambling Prevention." Current Addiction Reports 8, no. 2 (2021): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40429-021-00369-5.
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Abstract Purpose of Review The field of problem gambling has been historically disconnected from the community experience of gambling and people of color, leading to a lack of integration of those with lived experience into programming. The aim of this article is to describe community-centered efforts to prevent and mitigate harm from problem gambling in Massachusetts—including a pilot program, the Massachusetts Ambassador Project, which is grounded within public health and lived experience frameworks. Recent Findings To engage Massachusetts communities in problem gambling prevention, planning processes were conducted to develop culturally appropriate prevention strategies. One of the recurrent themes was the desire of men in the substance misuse recovery community to share their knowledge with others, specifically, men of color who experience racism and health disparities. This finding informed the development of the Ambassador Project, a novel, peer-based, community-centered, and culturally responsive approach for men of color who have a history of substance misuse to engage other men of color in problem gambling prevention. Two organizations pilot tested the project and reached 4388 individuals. The pilot led to several findings in the design and implementation of related projects. Lessons are shared in three categories: structure, support, and implementation. Summary This article demonstrates an innovative approach to connect the field of problem gambling prevention to the community experience, using a public health and social justice lens. Others in the field should acknowledge the disconnect between problem gambling and the lived experience of those disproportionately impacted by creating opportunities for community voice to be at the center of programming.
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Dillenburger, Karola, Lidija Godina, and Maxine Burton. "Training in Behavioral Social Work: A Pilot Study." Research on Social Work Practice 7, no. 1 (1997): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104973159700700104.
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Social work practice has recently become much criticized. Misapplication of procedures and ill-defined theoretical approaches have led to a view of social work as a semiprofession. A thorough theoretical and procedural revision is necessary. In this article, we will argue that a natural science approach to human behavior, such as that offered by behavior analysis, constitutes a fundamental basis for effective and accountable social work practice. A program that was designed as part of a postgraduate social work course is introduced and evaluated. The aim of this program was to establish students' professional social work competence using well-established knowledge of the principles of behavior. Contingency arrangements for students included tests, project work, and oral presentations. Program design and student progress are reported. A number of examples of student projects are given.
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Malickova, K., V. Pesinova, M. Bortlik, et al. "P373 Telemedicine and inflammatory bowel disease: Results of the IBD assistant pilot project." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 14, Supplement_1 (2020): S352—S353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz203.502.
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Abstract Background Telemedicine enables proper and immediate monitoring of the patient’s current health state, followed by well-timed and customised treatment. The aim of our study was to assess feasibility and safety of telemonitoring in Czech patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Furthermore, we wanted to evaluate the impact of telemonitoring on the number of outpatient′s visits and direct health-care cost. Methods We performed randomised controlled study including patients with IBD in stable remission on conventional therapy who were randomised either to telemonitoring (IBDA) or control (CTRL) group and were followed-up for 12 months. All IBDA patients had access to a specific web application which contained a set of questioners assessing disease activity and complications which were filled-in at least every 3 months. Evaluation of clinical activity was accompanied by measurement of faecal calprotectin (FC) at home using CalproSmart test. Individuals in the CTRL group were followed under the standard conditions as other outpatients. Results A total of 131 were included (42% males; 47% with Crohn′s disease) and randomised to IBDA (n = 94) or control group (n = 37). HBI/pMayo activity indexes were not significantly different at baseline (p = 0.636 and p = 0.853) and end of study (p = 0.517 and p = 0.890) in the two groups. Similarly, no significant difference in inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, FC) was observed in either group (p>0.05). The occurrence of intercurrent infections (0.93 vs. 0.81 cases of infection/patient-year, p = 0.87) or the need for hospitalisations (1 vs. 0) was similar between the groups. The number of outpatient visits was significantly lower in the IBDA than in the CTRL group (median number in IBDA group 0, in the CTRL group 4.2 visits, respectively, p < 0.0001). Telemedicine led to a reduction in the direct annual health-care cost of patient follow-up by ~25% compared with the standard care. Conclusion Results of the first Czech IBD telemedicine study confirm the effectiveness and safety of the telemedicine approach, which led to a reduction in outpatient visits and savings in health-care costs while maintaining a high standard of health care. Acknowledgements: Supported by the IBD-Comfort Endowment Fund.
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Das, Rosalina, Patricia Avissar, Jessica Diaz, et al. "4049 Evaluating Miami CTSI’s Pilot, Translational, and Clinical Studies Program using research success measures and CTSA Common Metrics." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 4, s1 (2020): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2020.234.
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OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The goal of this project was to a) evaluate the first five years of Miami CTSI’s Pilot Translational and Clinical Studies Program using outcome measures that quantify research productivity augmented by the CTSA Common Metrics; and b) use the results to shape future program management. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Pilot Program applicant and awardee demographic data were collected during the first 5-year cycle of the Miami CTSI grant. Projects were categorized into the translation spectrum based on type of research using published guidelines. Research productivity from funded pilot projects were tracked annually using internal institutional grant award databases and external databases such as PubMed and NIH Reporter. CTSA Common Metrics were tracked using the Results Based Accountability framework. Relative Citation Ratio (RCR), NIH percentile and translation impact of pilot project publications were determined using the iCite tool (NIH Office of Portfolio Analysis). RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The Miami CTSI’s Pilot Award Program demonstrated notable success in its first five years. Of the twenty-two projects that were funded during that time period, 45% led to follow-on funding for a total of $17.2M—a strong return on investment of 15:1. Further, 77% of awardees had at least one publication. A total of four patents and 43 publications resulted directly from the funded projects. The mean RCR for all publications was 2.7, weighted RCR was 99.87, and nine papers were been cited by clinical documents. Overall, 63% of the projects were classified as T1/T2 (pre-clinical/clinical research) and 37% as T3/T4 (post-clinical translational research/public health). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Miami CTSI’s Pilot Award Program demonstrated success in scholarly output, follow on funding, and scientific impact. These results will serve as benchmarks going forward and will allow the CTSI to leverage program strengths in collaborating with other institutional internal award mechanisms.
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Azariah, Sunita, Stephen McKernon, and Suzanne Werder. "Large increase in opportunistic testing for chlamydia during a pilot project in a primary health organisation." Journal of Primary Health Care 5, no. 2 (2013): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc13141.
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INTRODUCTION: The Auckland chlamydia pilot project was one of three funded by the Ministry of Health to trial implementation of the 2008 Chlamydia Management Guidelines. Chlamydia is the most commonly notified sexually transmitted infection in New Zealand. AIM: To increase opportunistic testing in under-25-year-olds and to improve documentation of partner notification in primary care. METHODS: A four-month pilot was initiated in Total Healthcare Otara using a nurse-led approach. Laboratory testing data was analysed to assess whether the pilot had any impact on chlamydia testing volumes in the target age-group. Data entered in the practice management system was used to assess follow-up and management of chlamydia cases. RESULTS: During the pilot there was a 300% increase in the number of chlamydia tests in the target age-group from 812 to 2410 and the number of male tests increased by nearly 500%. Twenty-four percent of people tested were positive for chlamydia, with no significant difference in prevalence by ethnicity. The pilot resulted in better documentation of patient follow-up in the patient management system. DISCUSSION: There was a large increase in chlamydia testing during the pilot with a high prevalence found in the population tested. Chlamydia remains an important health problem in New Zealand. The cost benefit of increased chlamydia screening at a population level has yet to be established. KEYWORDS: Chlamydia; notification, partner; pilot project; prevalence; primary health care
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Diamandis, Stephanos. "Management of Chestnut Blight in Greece Using Hypovirulence and Silvicultural Interventions." Forests 9, no. 8 (2018): 492. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f9080492.
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Sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) is an important tree for Greece. The invasive fungus Cryphonectria parasitica, which causes chestnut blight, was first found in Central Greece in 1963. It has since spread all over the country, significantly reducing the national annual nut production. The increasing decline of forests and orchards due to the disease led to a project in 1995, which aimed at studying the feasibility of applying biological control. A prerequisite study of the existing vegetative compatibility types of the pathogen showed only four, and their distribution was mapped. A pilot project (1998–2000) that consisted of clear cutting heavily infected coppice stands and introducing hypovirulence to the remainder was implemented on Mt. Athos on a 7000 ha sweet chestnut forest. Two evaluations (in 2003 and 2011) revealed that hypovirulence was established in the sweet chestnut forests and spread more or less homogeneously. A nationwide project introducing hypovirulence to 29 counties was implemented in two, 3-yr-periods 2007–2009 (17 counties) and 2014–2016 (12 counties). The new evaluations showed that hypovirulence spread profoundly and forests and orchards started recovering. The appearance of natural hypovirulence cannot be predicted. Introduced hypovirulence and silvicultural interventions can be used to manage the disease. It is the responsibility of the forest/orchard manager to decide whether to wait for appearance of natural hypovirulence, or to introduce it for a faster decline in disease.
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Johnson, Daniel C., and Ann Marie Stanley. "A Pilot Project Exploring Rural Classroom Music Teachers’ Perceptions and Practices via an Online Professional Development Course." Journal of Music Teacher Education 30, no. 3 (2021): 99–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10570837211008658.
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Music teachers in urban, suburban, and rural communities face a multitude of challenges and opportunities. To identify and examine specific experiences that may be unique to rural general music teachers, we recruited six teacher-participants to complete a 5-week online professional development (PD) course for this exploratory study. We created a teacher-led approach for this PD, implementing topics and solutions generated by the participants. Using qualitative content analysis, we found two categories of themes in the online discussion posts that either connected or disconnected our participants with other music teachers on their general music context or their geographic setting. Although participants clearly articulated the influences of setting and place-based pedagogy, we found shared issues related to general music that transcended location. Implications for future PD include the importance of online delivery methods and developing PD differentiated by teaching contexts and geographic settings.
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Song, Youchan, Zachary Nelson, and Krista Gens. "171. Effectiveness and Feasibility of Pharmacist-Driven Penicillin Allergy De-Labeling Pilot Program." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, Supplement_1 (2020): S93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.215.
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Abstract Background Prevalence of true hypersensitivity to penicillins is low (0.5–2%). Documented penicillin allergies have been associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes, including methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections, Clostridioides difficile infections, and surgical site infections. “De-labeling” of inappropriately documented allergies can decrease the use of unnecessary broad-spectrum antibiotics and prevent negative outcomes, but labor-intensive skin testing and oral challenges can be a barrier to program implementation. The goal of this project is to assess the effectiveness and feasibility of a pharmacist-led penicillin allergy de-labeling process that does not involve skin testing or oral challenges. Methods Adult patients with penicillin allergies were identified using a report within the electronic health record during a 3-month pilot period. Patients identified were interviewed by an infectious diseases pharmacy resident, and an allergy history was assessed utilizing a standardized checklist. The patients’ answers determined the ability to de-label via pharmacist utilization of an evidence-based and standardized checklist developed for this project. All documentation included a detailed patient allergy history along with a beta-lactam cross-reactivity chart to help guide future antibiotic choices. Results 66 patients were interviewed during the pilot. 12 patients (18%) met criteria for de-labeling and consented to the removal of the allergy. 4 patients (6%) met criteria for de-labeling but declined the removal of the allergy. Average time spent during patient interview was 5.2 minutes per patient. 58.3% of patients (7/12) who were de-labeled were subsequently prescribed a beta-lactam, and 100% (7/7) were able to tolerate the agents. 1 out of 4 patients (25%) who declined de-labeling but had their allergy updated to reflect intolerance was prescribed beta-lactams and was able to tolerate the agents (1/1, 100%). Conclusion A pharmacist-led penicillin allergy de-labeling process utilizing a standardized checklist is an effective method for removing penicillin allergies in patients who do not have a true allergy to penicillins. This pharmacist-led process is a feasible method for sites unable to perform oral challenges or skin testing. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pilot project using LED luminaires"
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Nogueira, Fernando José. "Avaliação experimental de luminárias empregando LEDs orientadas à iluminação pública." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2013. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/931.
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Previous issue date: 2013-02-28<br>Este trabalho tem como objeto principal a avaliação experimental de diodos emissores de luz (ou LEDs, do inglês Light Emitting Diodes) quando empregados em luminárias comerciais destinadas aos sistemas de iluminação pública. São apresentados os aspectos gerais da iluminação pública no Brasil, os principais componentes empregados e uma discussão sobre a adoção da tecnologia LED na iluminação de exteriores. Também são abordados os conceitos básicos de fotometria clássica e da fotometria adaptada para baixos níveis de luminância, que leva em consideração a resposta dinâmica visual do olho humano. Para efeito comparativo, o trabalho também inclui uma revisão das principais fontes de luz brancas orientadas à iluminação pública, e. g. lâmpada de vapor metálico, lâmpada de vapor de mercúrio e, mais recentemente, os LEDs. Tal estudo ampara-se em ensaios de laboratório e em campo tomando como base a lâmpada de vapor de sódio em alta pressão, a mais utilizada atualmente no segmento de iluminação de vias públicas. Algumas normativas referentes à aplicação de LEDs em iluminação pública são discutidas e, a partir das recomendações existentes nas normas NBR 16026 e NBR IEC 61347-2-13, são realizados ensaios de pré-conformidade em amostras comerciais de luminárias LED orientadas à iluminação pública do mercado nacional. Além dos ensaios de pré-conformidade, são realizados ensaios de funcionamento das luminárias LED quando expostas a condições críticas de temperatura com o objetivo de se avaliar as mudanças elétricas e fotométricas que ocorrem nestas condições. É apresentada uma metodologia de projeto luminotécnico para instalação de luminárias LED em vias públicas baseando-se na norma de iluminação pública NBR 5101 (revisão 2012), e o acompanhamento do projeto piloto de iluminação pública empregando luminárias LED implantado no anel viário da faculdade de engenharia da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. Durante nove meses foram coletados dados de características elétricas e fotométricas a fim de se averiguar o desempenho destas luminárias em campo. Por fim, foi feito um estudo comparativo entre o antigo sistema de iluminação com lâmpadas de vapor de sódio e o atual, empregando luminárias LED.<br>The purpose of this research is the experimental evaluation of light emitting diodes (or LEDs) when used in commercial luminaires for street lighting systems. The general aspects of Brazilian public lighting, the main components used and a discussion about the adoption of the LED technology in outdoor lighting are presented. Also, the basic concepts of classical photometry and photometry’s adaptations for low luminance levels are addressed. It takes into consideration the dynamic response of the human eye. For comparative purposes, this research also includes a review of the main white light sources used on public lighting, e.g. Metal Halide Lamp, High Pressure Mercury Vapour Lamp and, recently, the LEDs. Such research is supported by laboratory and on-site studies based on High Pressure Sodium Vapour Lamp; currently, the most used on public lighting system. Some standards regarding LEDs usage on public lighting are discussed and, based on the existing recommendations, regulated by the Brazilian standards NBR 16026 and NBR IEC 61347-2-13, pre-certification studies of commercial LED luminaires samples oriented to public lighting on the home market are performed. Other than the pre-certification studies, additional studies of LED luminaires functioning when exposed to critical conditions of temperature with the intention to evaluate the electric and photometric changes that occur in this circumstances are performed. It is introduced a luminotechnical project methodology for LED luminaires installation on public roads based on the Brazilian standards of public lighting NBR 5101 (reviewed in 2012) and the accompanying of the pilot project of public lighting using LED luminaires implanted on the ring road of the School of Engineering of the Juiz de Fora Federal University. During nine months, data of electric and photometric features were collected in order to investigate the performance of the luminaires on-site. Finally, a comparative study was done between the previous lighting system with High Pressure Sodium Vapour Lamp and the current, using LED luminaires.
Book chapters on the topic "Pilot project using LED luminaires"
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Chaabouni, Kaïs, and Alessandra Bagnato. "Data Pipelines: Modeling and Evaluation of Models." In Big Data in Bioeconomy. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71069-9_9.
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AbstractThis chapter outlines the utility of data pipelines modeling in the context of a data driven project and enumerates metrics for evaluating the quality of the data modeling regarding the readability and the comprehensibility of the models. We start with explaining the challenges surrounding the DataBio project that led to the adoption of data pipelines modeling using the Enterprise Architecture language ArchiMate. Then we present the data modeling process with examples from DataBio pilot studies starting with modeling software components provided by project stakeholders and ending up with integration of components into data pipelines that achieve the data analytics lifecycle intended by the pilot study. We end the chapter with the evaluation of the quality of DataBio data pipelines models with metrics collected by a monitoring tool for ArchiMate models.
Conference papers on the topic "Pilot project using LED luminaires"
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Assadi, Mohsen, Mohammad Mansouri Majoumerd, Kuntal Jana, and Sudipta De. "Intelligent Biogas Fuelled Distributed Energy Conversion Technologies: Overview of a Pilot Study in Norway." In ASME 2014 Gas Turbine India Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gtindia2014-8231.
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It is foreseen that distributed power generation, using biogas and natural gas as fuel, will play increasingly important role in the future European energy market. These technologies are presenting controllable power generation capacity as complementary to the installed intermittent renewable power generation in terms of wind and solar. A nationally funded project was initiated in Stavanger, Norway in 2010, led by the Center for Sustainable Energy Solutions (cenSE), to investigate use of existing small scale energy conversion technologies developed for natural gas, using as much as possible biogas mixed with natural gas without any hardware modifications to the energy conversion units. Three test setups with a micro gas turbine (100 kWe), a gas engine (11 kWe) and a short stack of solid oxide fuel cell consisting of six cells (30–40 We) were installed for experimental studies, providing necessary data for model validation and development of data driven models for engine performance monitoring. This paper reports the results of the project, concerning mapping the operational window for use of mixture of simulated biogas (50% methane, 50% CO2) and natural gas for each technology as an enabler of biogas utilization with natural gas as fallback solution. The CO2 reduction potential, when natural gas is replaced with biogas, is also presented. Moreover, the capability of using data driven models based on artificial neural network for online monitoring and control of the engine performance at various operational conditions is shown. Detailed reporting on various aspects of fuel composition and technology impact has been conducted earlier. This paper provides a total overview and a comparison of performance of the technologies tested in this study.
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Sentinelli, Roberto, Leandro Moreno, Marcelo Pellicer, and Mark Van Domelen. "Early Applications of Viscosifying Friction Reducers for Hydraulic Fracturing Operations in the Vaca Muerta Formation, Argentina." In SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204171-ms.
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Abstract Early hydraulic fracturing completions in the Vaca Muerta Formation in central Argentina have incorporated the use of conventional fluid systems, such as linear and crosslinked guar-based polymers. Within the past few years, however, the benefits of viscosifying friction reducers (VFR) have been demonstrated in the industry, predominantly within the United States. The objective of this project was to trial the VFR fluid technology in fracturing operations in this area for potential use for full field development. After studying the potential advantages of the VFR technology including cost savings, simplified operations and enhanced well production, a project was initiated to determine if those same benefits could be obtained. To accomplish this, studies were performed to ensure economic and technical justification through a stepwise process of laboratory testing, logistical and operational considerations, a single well field trial, and a five well development phase evaluation project. The pilot project was performed on a horizontal, 27 stage lateral in the Aguada Pichana Oeste field in the Neuquen Basin of Argentina. The five well development phase evaluation project was performed in the Lindero Atravesado field. Positive laboratory test results led to a field trial using this technology, during which several benefits of the VFR fluid system began to emerge. Operational efficiency was an early success, including a reduction in the quantity of chemicals on location, more simplified pumping schedules, and low pumping pressures. Secondly, significant cost savings were realized compared to previous fluid system packages. Finally, positive production results were observed, leading to the decision to incorporate this technology into full field development operations. This paper will review the results of the stepwise evaluation process along with a focus on the economic benefits and well production from the development phase evaluation project. This paper describes the transition by Pan American Energy (PAE) from conventional fracturing fluids to viscosifying friction reducer (VFR) technology in the Vaca Muerta Formation. The paper highlights the performance of a relatively new treatment fluid which delivered positive results in a strategic international asset. The project has led to full field development using this technology. The same efficiencies provided by this system can potentially be realized through applications in other basins.
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Pardo, Carlos, and Ralph Dickau. "Facilities and Controls in a Heated Bitumen Pipeline." In 2004 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0171.
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World scale deposits of oil sands (bitumen) in Northern Alberta, Canada are being developed to extract hydrocarbons from the sand using surface mining processes and new techniques such us Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) or “SagDee” as it is commonly referred to in the industry. This method employs numerous steam injection wells to heat the bitumen to reduce its viscosity and separate it from the sand particles. The heavy tar-like bitumen must either be upgraded to a light synthetic crude on site or diluted with natural gas condensate or a light oil to be able to pump the blend over long distances through pipelines to refineries for upgrading. The cost of this process and the decreasing availability of diluent led to the development of a pilot project to pump the bitumen in a raw heated state. This paper describes the special facilities and controls that were designed to move high viscosity heated bitumen from this remotely operated pump station. Extended loss of heat to the pump station and pipeline would result in a bitumen viscosity increase from which there is no recovery resulting in a permanent failure of the facility. For this reason, the equipment installed required a high degree of reliability. New receipt and blending facilities were also designed and constructed at the end of the pipeline to dilute the bitumen such that the blend could be pumped down conventional pipeline facilities. The pump station was manufactured as modules in Edmonton, Alberta, and then transported 500 km (315 mi) to site for assembly. Startup procedures were developed to fill the pipeline in controlled stages and to commission the new facilities. Redundant systems were employed to ensure the availability of the pump station at all times.
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Martinez, Maryvi, Jhon Ortiz, Fatmah Alshehhi, et al. "An Enhanced Cost-Effective Approach for WI Optimization Implemented in a Giant Carbonate Reservoir Undergoing a Transition Scheme from Peripheral to Pattern Injection." In SPE 2020 Symposium Compilation. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/203781-ms.
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Abstract With the aim to fulfil a more comprehensive and effective water injection optimization strategy in a giant carbonate reservoir, the asset carried out a dedicated study for a giant carbonate unit (Unit-M) to evaluate the specific challenges and define mitigation actions to improve the reservoir performance. This paper outlines the experience of the successful integration and strong collaborative environment between Reservoir Management Surveillance-Studies, Water Handling, Optimization and Production Operations teams through the project execution leading to optimal solutions in a short period, in accordance with a long-term plan oriented to effectively manage future injection requirements. These actions allowed a favorable impact on the operating costs associated to the new and more efficient water balancing. Water injection, oil production, and reservoir pressure performance in addition to surveillance data for Unit-M have been analyzed at region and well scale. A better-detailed understanding about Peripheral and pattern injection Balance using streamline simulation and material balance analysis provided the support to implement actions that include: reactivation of the pilot pattern WI wells, redistribution of Water Injection in the periphery, maximize the efficiency of the Water injectors (Roll Up, re-utilization in other units, P&A) and Optimize clusters utilization. Moreover, the reservoir simulation was used to verify the impact of the new Water Injection strategy in pressure maintenance, sweep efficiency and the ultimate recovery expected. The conformation of a dedicated task force team between Water Handling Operations and Development teams enable the alignment to common goals and a successful integration that led to define short term actions and mitigate present challenges of waterflood reservoir management. Effective and timely application of these solutions resulted in significant reduced maintenance cost (+/-30%) of the wells and clusters involved.