Dissertations / Theses: 'PINCH EFFECT'

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Golingo, Raymond Peter. "Formation of a sheared flow Z-pinch /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9960.

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Jackson, Stuart L. "Density characteristics of a sheared-flow Z-pinch /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9992.

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3

Chahine, Robert. "MHD simulations of the Reversed Field Pinch." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEC056/document.

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La dynamique des plasmas de fusion par confinement magnétique dans la configuration Reversed Field Pinch (RFP) est ´étudiée en utilisant la description magnétohydrodynamique (MHD) incompressible. Une méthode pseudo-spectrale et une technique de pénalisation en volume sont utilisées pour résoudre le système d’équations dans un cylindre. Les simulations numériques montrent que la pression joue un rôle important dans la dynamique des RFP et ne peut pas être négligée. Ainsi, ß n’est plus le paramètre principal pour décrire la dynamique des RFPs mais plutôt ß’ ∇, un nouveau paramètre qui équivaut le rapport du module de gradient de pression et le module de la force de Lorentz. A un autre niveau, l’effet du changement de la section poloïdale du RFP sur la dynamique est étudié. Les simulations des écoulements RFP ayant le même nombre de Lundquist et des sections différentes (circulaire et elliptique), montrent une grande différence dans les spectres et la diffusion turbulente radiale. Finalement, les écoulements RFP sont utilisés pour étudier l’effet dynamo. Les résultats obtenus montrent que les écoulements RFP sont capables d’amplifier un champ magnétique passif qui aura une tendance à être plus non-linéaire que le champ magnétique du RFP dans les régimes turbulents
The dynamics of magnetic fusion plasmas in the Reversed Field Pinch (RFP) configuration are studied using an incompressible magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) description. A pseudospectral method combined with a volume penalization method are used to resolve the governing equations in a straight cylinder. Numerical simulations show that the pressure effects on the RFP dynamics cannot be neglected, and thus the _ parameter is not adequate to characterize the importance of pressure in the dynamics. A new parameter, _0r , which is the ratio of the pressure gradient’s magnitude to the Lorentz force’s magnitude, is proposed to be the proper parameter to describe the RFP dynamics. Another investigated influence on the RFP dynamics is the shaping of the poloidal cross-section. Simulations of flows with the same Lundquist number and different cross-sections (circular and elliptic) show a clear change in the spectral behaviour, as well as in the radial turbulent diffusion. Finally, the RFP flows are used to study the dynamo effect. Numerical results show that RFP flows are capable of amplifying a seed magnetic field, which will have tendency to be more nonlinear than the RFP magnetic field in the turbulent regime

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Kassapakis, Nikolas. "The effect of sheared axial flow on nonlinear Z-pinch dynamics." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.394613.

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Zradokovic, David. "Theoretical studies of the effect of radial dynamics on Z pinch stability." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251578.

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6

Paraschiv, Ioana. "Shear flow stabilization of Z-pinches." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2007. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3264527.

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7

Lorenz, Axel. "The effect of a current pre-pulse on a carbon fibre z-pinch." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.267308.

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8

Loverich, John. "A discontinuous Galerkin method for the two-fluid plasma system and its application to the Z-pinch /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9975.

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9

Howell, David Frederick. "The stability of Z-pinches with equilibrium flows." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313803.

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10

Kawata, Keisuke. "SUBCONCUSSIVE HEAD IMPACT EFFECT ON PLASMA EXPRESSION OF S100-BETA AND PINCH PROTEINS IN COLLEGIATE FOOTBALL PLAYERS." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/398688.

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Kinesiology
Ph.D.
In this prospective longitudinal investigation of Division-I collegiate football players, the acute and longer-term effects of repetitive subconcussive impacts on plasma S100β and PINCH levels and concussion-related symptom score were examined. The first aim was to investigate the acute repetitive subconcussive impact effect by comparing the biomarker levels at pre and post full-gear practice, followed by examining the relationship of head impact magnitude and frequency of on acute increases in S100β and PINCH levels and symptom score. Hypotheses for the first aim were that there would be acute increases in plasma S100β and PINCH levels, but no change would be observed in symptom score. A significant relationship between subconcussive impact kinematics and acute changes in outcome measurements would be observed only in S100β. The second aim was to examine the longer-term effect of subconcussive effects on plasma S100β and PINCH levels as well as symptom score compared to the pre-season baseline. It was hypothesized that the players who sustained high frequency and magnitude of subconcussive impact would induce chronically high levels of plasma PINCH compared to the baseline. However, chronic effect would not be found in plasma S100β and symptom score. Independent variables were time (pre vs. post-practice), days (baseline, 1st Pads-OFF, 1st Pads-ON, 2nd Pads-ON, 3rd Pads-ON, 4th Pads-ON, and post-season), and group (higher vs. lower impact group). Dependent variables were the plasma expression of S100β and PINCH and symptom scores at each time point, pre-post differences in the plasma expression of S100β and PINCH and symptom scores, and head impact kinematics (frequency, sum of peak linear and rotational acceleration). This prospective observational study of 22 Division-I collegiate football players included pre-season baseline, pre-season practices [1 helmet-only and 4 full-gear], and post-season follow-up. Acute subconcussive effects were examined using the data from the first full-gear practice. Cumulative subconcussive effects were examined across the study duration (total 12 time points per player). Blood samples and self-reported symptom scores were obtained and blood biomarkers were assessed for pre-post practices and pre-post season. Plasma S100β expression level was assessed using a sandwich-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Plasma PINCH expression level was assessed using western blot analysis. An accelerometer-embedded mouth guard was employed to measure impact kinematics including number of impacts (hits), peak linear acceleration (PLA), and peak rotational acceleration (PRA). For examining cumulative effects, based on the previously established cut-off value of 173.5 g, players who were exposed average impact magnitudes below 173.5 g per practice were categorized into lower (n = 8) or greater than 173.5 g were categorized into higher (n = 14) impact groups. Data analysis consisted of descriptive and inferential statistics. Student’s t-tests were used to assess group differences in demographic and head impact kinematic data, acute effects using pre-post practice change in concussion-related symptom scores and biomarker levels, and longer-term effects using pre-post season change in concussion-related symptom scores and biomarker levels. Pearson r correlations were used to examine potential relationship between acute increase in outcome measures and head impact kinematics data. Two-way repeated measures ANOVAs were used to identify cumulative subconcussive effects over time in concussion-related symptoms scores and biomarker levels. If necessary, one-way ANOVA as a function of group was used to identify where cumulative effect began compared to the baseline, using Dunnett’s host-hoc correction. The alpha level was set at p < 0.05. A total of 721 head impacts were recorded from the 22 players during the 5 training camp practices. There were significant differences in head impact kinematics per practice between lower and higher impact groups [number of impacts per practice, 1.3 vs. 10.0 (p < .001); linear acceleration, 36.4 vs. 285.6 g (p < .001); rotational acceleration, 2,048.4 vs. 16,497.31 rad/s2 (p < .001), respectively]. There were no changes in self-reported concussion symptoms across the study duration. While there was no change in longer-term effect between pre-season baseline and post-season follow-up in plasma S100β level, robust and acute increase was observed in post-full gear practice (0.111 + 0.01 ng/ml) compared to pre-practice S100β level, (0.048 + 0.01 ng/ml; p < .0001). The acute increase in plasma S100β was significantly and positively correlated to the number of hits (r = 0.636, p = 0.001), sum of peak linear acceleration (r = 0.570, p = .006), and sum of peak rotational acceleration (r = 0.655, p = 0.001) sustained. For plasma PINCH level, there was a 4-fold increase at post-practice compared to that of pre-practice (p = .037), indicating the acute effect of subconcussive impacts. However, the acute increase in plasma PINCH level was independent from frequency and magnitude of impacts sustained, demonstrated by no statistically significant correlations with the number of hits (r = 0.222, p = .333), sum of peak linear acceleration (r = 0.289, p = .204), and sum of peak rotational acceleration (r = 0.297, p = .191). When players were categorized into the lower and higher impact groups and assessed across the 5 training-camp practices, consistently higher levels of plasma S100β and PINCH were found only in the higher impact group at post-practice compared to the baseline. However, plasma level of S100β and PINCH at pre-practice remained stable from the baseline, suggesting the absence of chronic effect from repetitive head impacts. When season-long effects on plasma S100β and PINCH levels were examined, 10 out of 16 players showed increase in plasma PINCH level at post-season compared to the baseline (p = .039) while no significant difference in plasma S100β level. Results from the current study suggest that subconcussive head impacts do not exert self-claimed concussion-related symptoms; however, blood biomarkers detected noticeable acute changes following repetitive subconcussive impacts. Plasma level of S100β protein can be a potential diagnostic measurement to track acute brain burden, and plasma level of PINCH protein may be reflective of the longer-term cumulative brain damage from repetitive head impacts.
Temple University--Theses

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11

Fridström, Richard. "Resonant magnetic perturbation effect on the tearing mode dynamics : Novel measurements and modeling of magnetic fluctuation induced momentum transport in the reversed-field pinch." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Fusionsplasmafysik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-218052.

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The tearing mode (TM) is a resistive instability that can arise in magnetically confined plasmas. The TM can be driven unstable by the gradient of the plasma current. When the mode grows it destroys the magnetic field symmetry and reconnects the magnetic field in the form of a so-called magnetic island. The TMs are inherent to a type of device called the reversed-field pinch (RFP), which is a device for toroidal magnetic confinement of fusion plasmas. In the RFP, TMs arise at several resonant surfaces, i.e. where the field lines and the perturbation have the same pitch angle. These surfaces are closely spaced in the RFP and the neighboring TM islands can overlap. Due to the island overlap, the magnetic field lines become tangled resulting in a stochastic magnetic field, i.e. the field lines fill a volume instead of lying on toroidal surfaces. Consequently, a stochastic field results in an anomalously fast transport in the radial direction. Stochastic fields can also arise in other plasmas, for example, the tokamak edge when a resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP) is applied by external coils. This stochastization is intentional to mitigate the edge-localized modes. The RMPs are also used for control of other instabilities. Due to the finite number of RMP coils, however, the RMP fields can contain sidebands that decelerate and lock the TMs via electromagnetic torques. The locking causes an increased plasma-wall interaction. And in the tokamak, the TM locking can cause a plasma disruption which is disastrous for future high-energy devices like the ITER. In this thesis, the TM locking was studied in two RFPs (EXTRAP T2R and Madison Symmetric Torus) by applying RMPs. The experiments were compared with modern mode-locking theory. To determine the viscosity in different magnetic configurations where the field is stochastic, we perturbed the momentum via an RMP and an insertable biased electrode. In the TM locking experiments, we found qualitative agreement with the mode-locking theory. In the model, the kinematic viscosity was chosen to match the experimental locking instant. The model then predicts the braking curve, the short timescale dynamics, and the mode unlocking. To unlock a mode, the RMP amplitude had to decrease by a factor ten from the locking amplitude. These results show that mode-locking theory, including the relevant electromagnetic torques and the viscous plasma response, can explain the experimental features. The model required viscosity agreed with another independent estimation of the viscosity. This showed that the RMP technique can be utilized for estimations of the viscosity. In the momentum perturbation experiments, it was found that the viscosity increased 100-fold when the magnetic fluctuation amplitude increased 10-fold. Thus, the experimental viscosity exhibits the same scaling as predicted by transport in a stochastic magnetic field. The magnitude of the viscosity agreed with a model that assumes that transport occurs at the sound speed -- the first detailed test of this model. The result can, for example, lead to a clearer comparison between experiment and visco-resistive magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) modeling of plasmas with a stochastic magnetic field. These comparisons had been complicated due to the large uncertainty in the experimental viscosity. Now, the viscosity can be better constrained, improving the predictive capability of fusion science.

QC 20171122

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12

Moodley, Anand. "Development of a unified mass and heat integration framework for sustainable design an automated approach /." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04222008-094925/.

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13

MacKenzie, Noah. "The kappa effect in pitch/time context." The Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1173114654.

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MacKenzie, Noah Aaron. "The kappa effect in pitch/time context." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1173114654.

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15

Watkins, Sharon C. (Sharon Carp). "Vocal Pitch-Matching: The Effect of Singing into the Right Ears of Fifth-Grade Students." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500713/.

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This study investigated whether fifth-grade students would sing more accurately when responding to pitch stimuli presented to the right ear as compared to left and both ears. Students were also classified as either strongly right-handed or other (left-handed or mixed) to see if ear treatment responses would differ with handedness. Sixty-six students were tested on their attempts to match 12 model pitches. Identical tests were given to each subject on 3 different days, with a different ear treatment each day. Vocal response scores were significantly better for both-ear presentation than for left-ear. No significant difference was found between right and both ears, right and left ears, or between handedness groups.

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16

Kim, Jung-Kyong. "Effect of degraded pitch cues on melody recognition." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19681.

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Past studies of object recognition in vision and language have shown that (1) identification of the larger structure of an object is possible even if its component units are ambiguous or missing, and (2) contexts often influence the perception of the component units. The present study asked whether a similar case could be found in audition, investigating (1) whether melody recognition would be possible with uncertain pitch cues, and (2) whether adding contextual information would enhance pitch perception. Sixteen musically trained listeners attempted to identify, on a piano keyboard, pitches of tones in three different context conditions: (1) single tones, (2) pairs of tones, and (3) familiar melodies. The pitch cues were weakened using bandpass filtered noises of varying bandwidths. With increasing bandwidth, listeners were less able to identify the pitches of the tones. However, they were able to name the melodies despite their inability to identify the individual notes. There was no effect of context; whether or not listeners heard single tones, pairs of tones, or melodies did not influence their pitch identification of the tones. Several possible explanations were discussed regarding types of information that listeners had access to, since they could not have relied on detailed features of the melodies.

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Wallace, Jerry D. (Jerry Don). "An Investigation of Extrinsic Laryngeal Muscle Responses to Auditory Stimulation." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc798358/.

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The purpose of this study was to provide, through systematic investigation, empirical data to support or reject the assumption that auditory stimulation by discrete pitches evokes consistent muscle responses in the extrinsic laryngeal muscles. The study was an electromyographic investigation of specific upper and lower extrinsic laryngeal muscles as stimulated by two specific pitch stimuli. The responses were evoked by auditory stimulation, without vocalization. From these findings, it was concluded that a direct relationship exists between specific pitch stimuli and specific extrinsic laryngeal muscle responses. It was concluded that these responses likely exist in the general population.

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Malandraki, Georgia. "Persisting Effects of Aspiration and Penetration on Voice Quality and Vocal Pitch." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1103140461.

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19

Sherlock, Mark William. "Ion-ion collisional effects in Z-pinch precursor plasma and laboratory astrophysical jets." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407222.

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Warrier, Catherine M. "Contextual effects in pitch processing : investigating neural correlates using complementary methodologies." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36848.

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This thesis includes four studies investigating neural correlates underlying pitch perception, and effects of tonal context on this percept. Each study addressed the issue from a unique methodological perspective. The first study confirmed that tonal context can affect the way a tone's pitch is perceived. In this study, normal listeners made pitch discriminations between tones varying in pitch and/or timbre, a difficult task when presented in isolation. Increasing tonal context increased performance, with melodic context providing the most facilitation.
A similar task was presented to patients with unilateral focal excisions in the temporal lobe. Patients with right but not left temporal lobe lesions were impaired at using melodic cues to facilitate performance. Posterior extent of the lesions did not affect results, implying that right anterior temporal regions can process pitch information relative to tones heard previously. A functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study using a similar task with normal listeners found converging evidence. Melodic context produced the most activity in right anterior superior temporal gyrus (STG), as well as the most facilitation behaviorally.
A positron emission tomography study investigating neural processing of song stimuli broadened the investigation to include a comparison between musical and linguistic processing. Left frontal and temporal structures known to be involved in language processing were active when subjects attended to song lyrics, and right temporal-lobe structures were again implicated in melodic processing, suggesting that a song's lyrics and melodies are processed separately.
These studies find pitch processing in tonal contexts to involve right temporal-lobe structures. The right anterior STG in particular appears to be involved in processing pitch relative to previously heard tones. This suggests that the right anterior STG processes tones with respect to their tonal context, which entails holding contextual tones in memory while processing subsequent tones. This region has connections to right dorsolateral frontal areas previously implicated in tonal working memory, possibly providing a mechanism for holding contextual tones in memory. Supporting this theory, all contextual conditions in the fMRI study produced activity in right dorsolateral frontal cortex.

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Soja, Morgan C. "The effect of timbre and pitch-pattern difficulty on the pitch perceptions of elementary-aged users of cochlear implants." Thesis, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3708183.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of timbre and pitch-pattern difficulty on perceptions of same-difference between paired pitch patterns, altered and unaltered by timbre and pattern difficulty, among elementary-aged users of cochlear implants. Three null hypotheses were tested to determine the significant effects of these variables and their interaction on the pitch perceptions of children aged five through twelve, who used cochlear implants (p ≤ .05). Secondary purposes of the study included the examination of the relationships, if any, among age, age at implantation, and pitch perceptions, and of significant differences between participants' speech processor and pitch perceptions (p ≤ .05).

The Adapted Musical Background Questionnaire was completed by each participant/parent/guardian and used to collect information about each participant's hearing history and musical experiences. The Pitch Discrimination Test (PDT) was a researcher-developed, 36-item data collection instrument used to measure pitch perceptions of participants. Three timbres were used as stimuli, including the soprano voice, piano, and violin. Thirteen participant responses to the PDT were recorded individually. Results were analyzed using IBM^© SPSS^© Statistics Version 22.

Results of the study revealed no effect of timbre (p = .511), or pitch-pattern difficulty (p = .971) on pitch perceptions. A significant interaction between timbre and pitch-pattern difficulty, however, was found (p = .046). Additional analyses revealed that there were significant differences between mean scores of PDT test items presented by violin and soprano voice for difficult patterns (p = .041), and items presented by soprano and piano for patterns with moderate difficulty (p = .041). The participants discriminated difficult patterns more accurately when the PDT items were presented by soprano voice than piano, but participants discriminated moderate patterns more accurately when the PDT items were presented piano than by soprano voice.

There were no significant positive or negative correlations between age or age at implantation and PDT scores (p > .05). Additionally, there were no significant differences between participant scores on the PDT and the type of speech processor used (p > .05). Participants who used Cochlear™ devices, however, had higher average scores than participants who used MED-EL® devices. Recommendations were suggested for future research and instruction of children who use cochlear implants in elementary general music classrooms.

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22

Adam, Vincent. "Probabilistic models of contextual effects in auditory pitch perception." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10052097/.

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Perception was recognised by Helmholtz as an inferential process whereby learned expectations about the environment combine with sensory experience to give rise to percepts. Expectations are flexible, built from past experiences over multiple time-scales. What is the nature of perceptual expectations? How are they learned? How do they affect perception? These are the questions I propose to address in this thesis. I focus on two important yet simple perceptual attributes of sounds whose perception is widely regarded as effortless and automatic : pitch and frequency. In a first study, I aim to propose a definition of pitch as the solution of a computational goal. Pitch is a fundamental and salient perceptual attribute of many behaviourally important sounds including speech and music. The effortless nature of its perception has led to the search for a direct physical correlate of pitch and for mechanisms to extract pitch from peripheral neural responses. I propose instead that pitch is the outcome of a probabilistic inference of an underlying periodicity in sounds given a learned statistical prior over naturally pitch-evoking sounds, explaining in a single model a wide range of psychophysical results. In two other psychophysical studies I study how and at what time-scales recent sensory history affects the perception of frequency shifts and pitch shifts. (1) When subjects are presented with ambiguous pitch shifts (using octave ambiguous Shepard tone pairs), I show that sensory history is used to leverage the ambiguity in a way that reflects expectations of spectro-temporal continuity of auditory scenes. (2) In delayed 2 tone frequency discrimination tasks, I explore the contraction bias : when asked to report which of two tones separated by brief silence is higher, subjects behave as though they hear the earlier tone ’contracted’ in frequency towards a combination of recently presented stimulus frequencies, and the mean of the overall distribution of tones used in the experiment. I propose that expectations - the statistical learning of the sampled stimulus distribution - are built online and combined with sensory evidence in a statistically optimal fashion. Models derived in the thesis embody the concept of perception as unconscious inference. The results support the view that even apparently primitive acoustic percepts may derive from subtle statistical inference, suggesting that such inferential processes operate at all levels across our sensory systems.

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Wang, Dongning, and 王東寧. "The effect of augmented auditory feedback on pitch accuracy by untrained adults." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/196500.

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Accuracy in pitch production is fundamental to both singing and language. Since accurate control of pitch is a complicated motor control process, no conclusions can be drawn yet for the reasons why some individuals have trouble producing accurate pitches in singing, although different possible causes have been proposed in the literature such as deficits in pitch perception, pitch memory and mismatch of pitch range. Additionally, since auditory feedback plays a crucial role in the pitch control, some behavioral experiments have been conducted in the literature that involve manipulation of auditory feedback so as to remedy those with inaccurate pitch during singing but the effects varied. However, those studies in the literature had various limitations and mostly recruited participants who were speakers of non-tonal languages. The present study investigated the effect of augmented auditory feedback (AAF) as a method of feedback manipulation on pitch accuracy as well as its relationship with the three possible causes for pitch inaccuracy mentioned above. A total of 43 tonal-language-speaking adult participants who had no formal training of singing were recruited to participant in two tasks to measure their pitch accuracy: single-tone pitch matching and singing a familiar song. All participants were native speakers of tonal languages: Mandarin or Cantonese. The results showed that pitch accuracy was not significantly improved by AAF although moderately inaccurate singers seemed to benefit consistently in pitch matching task. The post-hoc analysis revealed that the intertrial consistency of the singer’s performance was significantly improved for inaccurate singers in both tasks. As for the causes for pitch inaccuracy, both pitch perception and pitch memory were found to have moderate correlation with pitch inaccuracy while mismatch of vocal range of the participants and the pitch targets seemed to be a major cause for most of the inaccurate participants.
published_or_final_version
Speech and Hearing Sciences
Master
Master of Philosophy

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24

Vande, Wege Renee Michelle. "The effect of tonal pattern instruction on the singing voice development of first grade students." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2005.

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Pavela, Martin. "Retenční vlastnosti šikmé zelené střechy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265388.

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This diploma thesis is focused on the analysis of the retention effect on the pitch green roof from the selection of different roof sets. Measurements of retention proparties were performed on four semi-scale testing elements. Monitored period was evaluated during initial growing cycle on extensive, biodiverse and icelandic green roof in comparison with roofing tile surface. The theoretical part describes effective water retention management, historical and present development in the Czech Republic and closed European countries of green roofs.

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Gratton, Martine. "The effect of three vocal models on uncertain singers' ability to match and discriminate pitches /." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59242.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of three different vocal timbres on uncertain singers' ability to match and discriminate pitches. Fifty-six children between six and eight year old were randomly assigned to one of four groups.
In the Own Voices group, subjects were training in pitch matching using subjects' own voices. They trained in pitch discrimination using a model child voice as stimuli. In the Model Child group, subjects were training in pitch matching and pitch discrimination using a model child voice of the same sex and age as that of the subject. Subjects in the Female Adult group were training in pitch matching and pitch discrimination using a female adult voice as stimuli. Subjects in the control group had no training.
It was found that timbre affected uncertain singers' ability to match and discriminate pitches. Pitch matching to one's own voice was more accurate than pitch matching to a child's voice.
The discrimination of high and low pitches was more accurate when a model child's voice was used than when an adult voice was used.

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Carre, Matthew Jon. "The dynamics of cricket ball impacts and the effect of pitch construction." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327664.

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28

Lidji, Pascale. "Musique et langage : spécificités, interactions et associations spatiales." Thèse, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6347.

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Butler, Colleen Ann. "Motion sickness with fore-and-aft and pitch oscillation : effect of the visual scene." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2008. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/51306/.

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Braking and acceleration expose car passengers to complex fore-and-aft and pitch motions that can cause carsickness, with the effect depending on the visual scene. Previous studies in various motion environments have suggested that external viewing reduces motion sickness relative to internal viewing or wearing a blindfold however the influences of motion and vision on motion sickness are thought to be interactive. The types of motion for which a visual scene can and cannot modify sickness are yet to be established. The aim of this research was to advance understanding of the effect of the visual scene on motion sickness caused by fore-and-aft oscillation, combinations of fore-and-aft and pitch oscillation, and pitch oscillations. The first experiment investigated the effect of the visual scene on motion sickness caused by low frequency low magnitude fore-and-aft oscillation. Six groups of 20 subjects experienced one of six visual scenes: an internal view of shapes; an external view of shapes; an external view of horizontal lines; a ‘real’ three-dimensional external view; no view (blindfolded); or an internal collimated view of shapes. Variations in the visual scene had no significant effect on motion sickness caused by 0.1 Hz fore-and-aft oscillation with an acceleration magnitude of 0.89 ms-2 r.m.s. The absence of an influence of vision differs from the effects of the visual scene on motion sickness in cars and coaches and suggested that carsickness is not solely caused by low frequency fore-and-aft acceleration. In a second experiment, six groups of 20 subjects were exposed to 0.1 Hz fore-and-aft oscillation combined with 0.1 Hz pitch oscillation with a peak pitch displacement of 3.69°. For three groups of subjects, the pitch displacement was 180° out-of-phase with the fore-and-aft displacement, such that the resultant peak acceleration acting on subjects in the fore-and-aft direction was 1.89 ms-2. The other three groups of subjects experienced the same fore-and-aft and pitch oscillations, but presented out-of-phase so that the peak fore-and-aft acceleration of ±1.26 ms-2 r.m.s. was partially offset by the pitch displacement of ±3.69°. Each subject experienced one of three viewing conditions from the first experiment: internal, blindfolded or external. The visual scene influenced the motion sickness caused by combined fore-and-aft and pitch oscillation regardless of whether pitch motion was in-phase or out-of-phase with the fore-and-aft motion: there was less sickness with an external forward view than with either an internal view or a blindfold. The effect of the phase between the fore-and-aft and pitch motion depended on the visual scene: the phase influenced motion sickness with a blindfold and with internal viewing but not with external viewing. The effect of internal, blindfold and external viewing on motion sickness caused by 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 Hz pitch oscillation was investigated in a third experiment with 180 subjects, 20 subjects in 9 conditions. The visual scene influenced motion sickness similarly with 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 Hz pitch oscillation: external viewing reduced motion sickness relative to internal viewing. There was no significant effect of pitch oscillation frequency. Experimental results suggest that there is no effect of the visual scene on motion sickness caused by fore-and-aft oscillation but the visual scene is influential when pitch motion is part or all of the motion stimulus. The effect of the visual scene on motion sickness cannot be predicted without specifying the motion stimulus causing sickness. Unlike previous models of motion sickness, a conceptual model is suggested in which the expected visual signal is defined for a given vestibular input. The model predicts that external viewing reduces motion sickness relative to internal or blindfolded conditions when sickness is caused by motions inclusive of pitch oscillation. Model predictions for the effect of the visual scene on motion sickness caused by other directions of oscillation are considered.

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Steinbrunner, Clinton M. "The Effect of Octave and Timbre Combinations on Undergraduate Band Members' Perception of Pitch." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1565784490042422.

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Reiner, Thomas W. "Memory source cuing effects of timbre and pitch on tone sequence recognition /." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2005. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/dissertations/fullcit/3209116.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Nevada, Reno, 2005.
"August, 2005." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 61-67). Online version available on the World Wide Web. Library also has microfilm. Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [2005]. 1 microfilm reel ; 35 mm.

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Malandraki, Georgia A. "Persisting effects of aspiration and penetration on voice quality and vocal pitch." Ohio : Ohio University, 2004. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1103140461.

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Allison, Steven David. "The effects of interblade phase angle on pitch oscillating, transonic, cascade flows." Thesis, University of Salford, 2011. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26530/.

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A series of compressor blades, aligned as a cascade, situated in a transonic flow has been studied using a two-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) technique. An objective of the research was to discover, using a CFD code, how the total aerodynamic stability of a compressor cascade was affected by blade pitching oscillations, vibrating at certain interblade phase angles and oscillation frequencies. The analysis focused on the way in which the interblade phase angle, a, is likely to affect the stability of the cascade over a range of oscillation frequencies between 200Hz and 1 OOOHz, for a series of interblade phase angles between 0° and 180°. Two turbulence models were assessed to determine the sensitivity of turbulence coding, namely the Baldwin-Lomax and Johnson-King models. A validation of the CFD code against published data from the NASA Lewis Research Centre was carried out. The interaction of the passage shock, formed between the blades, and on the positive pressure surface of the blade was shown to have the greatest influence on the aerodynamic stability of the cascade; the shocks formed on the suction side had a somewhat smaller effect. Any flow separation, on either the suction or pressure surfaces, was also shown to decrease cascade stability.

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Atterholt, Nathan L. "The Effect of Stride Length on Ocular Tracking of Pitched Balls." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1305856806.

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渡邉, 悟., 真澄市川, Satoru WATANABE, and Masumi ICHIKAWA. "Effect of visually induced self-motion perception (vection) on upright standing posture." Thesis, 日本宇宙航空環境医学会, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/16690.

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Brown, Helen. "The effects of set content and temporal context of pitches on musicians' aural perception of tonality /." The Ohio State University, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487262825076471.

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Cummings, Paul Christopher. "The effects of instrument type, stimulus timbre, and harmonic context on tuning accuracy /." view abstract or download file of text, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1404343201&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Thesis (D.M.A.)--University of Oregon, 2007.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 155-160). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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Higgins, Margaret Anne. "Persuasion, pitch and presentation: The effects of information style on individual decision making." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280416.

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The four experiments examined five issues relating to the use of information by decision makers. The first was time; second was descriptive words instead of university letter grades; third was the information source's credibility; fourth was persuasion technique; and fifth was type of appeal. Time available was variously combined with letter grades, evaluative words, and differentially credible information sources. The first two experiments showed that time and evaluative words affect decisions, and that evaluative words were more effective when time was short. The third experiment showed that credible sources strongly influence a decision, but, when time is short, the effect of a credible source weakens. The fourth experiment aimed to ascertain if one appeal type was more effective than another when used in conjunction with one of two persuasion techniques. Modified versions of the persuasion techniques Foot In The Door (FITD), and Door In The Face (DITF), were crossed with two types of appeal common to public television, Mission and Transaction. Mission appeals discuss quality; Transaction appeals offer a return. The FITD and the DITF manipulated the magnitude of the initial donation request, with subjects then responding to either a Mission or a Transaction appeal. There were no significant effects for pitch, or for persuasion technique. Significant interactions between pitch and sex, and pitch, persuasion, and sex were found. Males gave most when Transaction pitches were used with the DITF and least to Mission appeals with the DITF. Females by contrast responded most to Mission pitches used with the DITF persuasion technique. The results of experiment four have practical implications for public broadcasting fundraising.

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Wleklinski, Joseph J. 1974. "Orbital effects on pitch angle diffusion of injected fast-ion beams in tokamaks." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/30320.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2005.
Includes bibliographical references (leaf 25).
The effects of ion orbits on pitch angle scattering of fast ion beam injection are investigated here for the magnetic equilibrium of the ITER tokamak. Two methods are used to calculate distributions in the presence of orbits, one applying boundary conditions a posteriori and one a priori. In both cases an orbit average of the Fokker-Planck equation is taken, yielding a solution in velocity space variables velocity and pitch angle. In the first case, conditions in the form of a linear combination of co, counter, and trapped distributions or fluxes are matched at the orbit transition value of pitch angle so that several distributions combine to form a solution. In the second case, an overall distribution is found which obeys boundary conditions derived from the trapped and passing regime essential behavior. Ultimately, both methods yield distributions which are essentially equivalent in character.
by Joseph J. Wleklinski.
S.M.

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Foltz, Anouschka. "How listeners resolve reference: Effects of pitch accent, edge tones, and lexical contrast." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1282132210.

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Radford, Christopher John. "The Effect of Bimodal Stimulation on Pitch Ranking and Speech Recognition in Children with Cochlear Implants." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Communication Disorders, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4929.

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Data from normal-hearing (NH) listeners indicates that access to the low-frequency, lownumbered harmonics in complex sounds is important for the perceptual segregation of competing sounds (see Oxenham, 2008 for a review). Poor frequency selectivity is experienced by many listeners with sensorineural hearing loss, resulting in reduced perceptual access to individual harmonics (Arehart, 1994; Bernstein & Oxenham, 2006b; Moore, 1996). In addition, the commercially available speech processing strategies used in current cochlear implants (CIs) provide little or no representation of individual harmonics (see B. C. J. Moore, 2003 and; Wilson & Dorman, 2008 for a review). Improvements in CI technology and concurrent improvements in speech perception outcomes have led to an expansion of the implantation criteria to include individuals with residual acoustic hearing in one or both ears. A growing body of evidence supports the use of bimodal stimulation (BMS) in such individuals (e.g. Beijen, Mylanus, Leeuw, & Snik, 2008; Ching, Incerti, & Hill, 2004; Ching, Incerti, Hill, & van Wanrooy, 2006; Dunn, Tyler, & Witt, 2005; Luntz, Shpak, & Weiss, 2005; Mok, Grayden, Dowell, & Lawrence, 2006). Bimodal stimulation involves the electrical stimulation of one ear via a CI, and acoustic stimulation of the contralateral ear via a hearing aid (HA). Evidence suggests that BMS may improve the speech recognition in noise performance of CI users, and allow for improved music perception through the provision of additional pitch cues (Ching, Psarros, Hill, Dillon, & Incerti, 2001; Kong & Carlyon, 2007; Kong, Stickney, & Zeng, 2004; McDermott, Sucher, & Simpson, 2009; Mok, Galvin, Dowell, & McKay, 2007; Sucher, 2007; Sucher & McDermott, 2007). The present study compared the speech recognition and pitch ranking abilities of 16 NH children, 8 children using a unilateral CI (CI-only group); 6 children with a severe-profound hearing loss using bilateral HAs (HA-only group), and 9 children who were experienced users of BMS (eBM group). In addition, a single CI-only user (Case A) with residual hearing in their non-implanted ear was fitted with a contralateral HA, and their performance was assessed using their CI-alone and after 3 months experience using BMS. It was hypothesised that: (i) The eBM group would score higher than the CI-only group for tasks of word recognition in quiet; (ii) there would be no difference between the sentence recognition in quiet scores of the CI-only, HA-only and eBM groups; (iii) the eBM and HAonly groups will score higher than the CI-only group on tasks of sentence recognition in noise; (iv) the eBM group will rank pitch more accurately than the CI-only group, but not the HA-only group, and; (v) that the addition of an optimally fitted HA in the non-implanted ear of children using a CI will result in improved speech recognition in quiet and noise, and improved pitch ranking accuracy. Participants were assessed using their normal listening devices using; the Consonant- Nucleus-Consonant (CNC) word lists in quiet; the Hearing In Noise sentence test (HINT) in quiet (S0) and in spatially coincident (S0N0) and spatially separated (S0NCI, S0NHA) 4- talker babble, using a 10 dB signal-to-babble ratio; and a pitch ranking task (PRT) using 1, ½ and ¼ octave interval sizes. All testing was conducted in a soundfield. There were no significant differences between the mean scores of the CI-only, HA-only and eBM groups for either the CNC word lists in quiet, or the HINT sentences in quiet or noise, participants scoring at ceiling levels for all four HINT listening conditions. There was also no improvement in Case A’s CNC word scores, however their HINT sentence scores improved by 23.7% points in quiet and by an average of 11.9% points in noise following the addition of a contralateral HA. These improvements were greater in size than the largest learning effect seen in the CI-only and HA-only groups for 3 of the 4 HINT listening conditions. For the PRT, there were no significant differences between the scores of the CIonly and eBM groups. As expected, the NH group scored significantly higher than the CIonly and eBM groups on all three subtests (p < 0.05). The HA-only group scored significantly higher than the CI-only and eBM groups on the 1 and ½ octave subtests. There were no significant differences between the scores of the NH group and HA-only groups on all three subtests. Case A’s PRT scores were higher in the BMS (M = 83.3% correct) than the CI-only condition (M = 74.0%). This improvement was considerably greater than the largest learning effect seen in the CI-only and HA-only groups for the 1 and ½ octave subtests for stimuli with fundamental frequencies ≤ 262 Hz. Overall, we found limited evidence in support of the hypothesis that the additional lowfrequency pitch information provided via acoustic hearing in BMS allows for improved speech perception in quiet and noise, and improved pitch perception in prelingually deafened CI users. However, child CI users (CI-only and eBM groups) did rank pitch more accurately than adult CI-only users in previous studies. The higher plasticity of the central auditory nervous system of child CI users may have enabled more effective adaptation to electrical stimulation, allowing them to more effectively utilise available pitch cues than their adult counterparts. We recommend that future research isolate the contribution of the non-implanted ear to auditory perception in children using BMS, and investigate whether musical training is capable of enhancing pitch perception in users of a unilateral CI or BMS. To listen to simulations illustrating the benefits of bimodal stimulation for music perception, created during this study, please visit ‘thelisteningtree.wordpress.com’

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Dunnigan, Patrick. "Effects of tempo, bass loudness, and tonic chord degree on the perception and performance of intonation by wind instrumentalists /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Wallqvist, Viveca. "Interactions between non-polar surfaces in water: Fokus on talc, pitch and surface roughness effects." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Ytkemi, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-10283.

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The aim of this thesis work was to gain understanding of the interactions between talc mineral and surfaces, liquids and chemicals relevant for industrial applications, such as pulp and paper. Talc is used in the pulp and paper industry as a filler pigment, in control of pitch (lipophilic extractives) deposits and as a coating pigment. A deeper understanding of talc interactions will be beneficial in optimizing its use. Long-range attractive interactions between talc and hydrophobic model probes, as well as pitch probes, have been measured using the atomic force microscope (AFM) colloidal probe method. Two procedures for preparation of pitch colloidal probes were developed to allow these studies. Model hydrophobic, nanorough surfaces with surface energy characteristics similar to talc have also been prepared and their interactions with hydrophobic model probes compared to interactions between hydrophobic model probes and talc. It is demonstrated that talc mineral interacts with model hydrophobic particles, as well as with pitch, by long-range attractive forces, considerably stronger than the expected van der Waals force. The possible origin of the measured interaction forces is discussed, and the conclusion is that the main cause is an attractive capillary force due to formation of a gas/vapor capillary between the surfaces. Force measurements using model hydrophobic, nanorough surfaces show that a large-scale waviness does not significantly influence the range and magnitude of the capillary attraction, but large local variations in these quantities are found. It is demonstrated that a large variation in adhesion force corresponds to a small variation in local contact angle of the capillaries at the surfaces. The nature of the surface topographical features influences the capillary attraction by affecting the local contact angle and by pinning of the three-phase contact line. The effect is clearly dependent on the size of the surface features and whether they exist in the form of crevices or as extending ridges. Entrapment of air also affects the imbibition of water in pressed talc tablets. The effects of wetting and dispersion agents on the interactions between talc and hydrophobic probes have also been investigated. It is demonstrated that a common dispersing agent used for talc, poly(acrylic acid), does not affect the capillary attraction between talc and non-polar probes. In fact, the results strongly suggest that poly(acrylic acid) does not adsorb on the basal plane of talc. From this finding it is inferred that the stabilizing effect of this additive most likely is due to adsorption to the edges of talc. In contrast, a wetting agent (the non-ionic triblock copolymer Pluronic PE6400) removes the long-range capillary attraction. It is suggested that such an ability to replace air at the talc surface is of great importance for an efficient wetting agent. The Hamaker constant for talc has also been estimated by using optical data obtained from spectroscopic ellipsometry. It is demonstrated that a nanocrystalline talc mineral, cut in different directions displays very small differences in Hamaker constant between the different crystallographic orientations, whereas a microcrystalline sample displays a significantly higher value. The estimated Hamaker constants are discussed for different material combinations of relevance for the pulp- and paper industry, such as cellulose and calcium carbonate.
Målet med detta avhandlingsarbete var att öka förståelsen för interaktioner mellan talkmineral och ytor, vätskor och kemikalier relevanta för industriella applikationer, såsom papper och massa. Talk används i pappers- och massaindustrin som fyllmedel, för kontroll av hartsrika (lipofila extraktivämnen) avsättningar och som bestrykningspigment. En djupare förståelse för talkinteraktioner kommer att vara användbart för att optimera dess användning. Långväga attraktiva interaktioner mellan talk och hydrofoba modellpartiklar, såväl som mellan talk och hartspartiklar, har uppmätts med hjälp av atomkraftsmikroskopi (AFM) genom att fästa kolloidala partiklar på kraftsensorn. Två metoder för att framställa partiklar gjorda av harts har utvecklats för att möjliggöra dessa studier. Hydrofoba, nanostrukturerade modellytor med ytenergier liknande de för talk har också tillverkats och deras växelverkan med hydrofoba modellpartiklar har jämförts med dem mellan talk och hydrofoba modellpartiklar. Studierna visar att talkmineral växelverkar med hydrofoba modellpartiklar, såväl som med harts, genom långväga attraktiva krafter som är betydligt starkare än den förväntade van der Waals kraften. Möjliga orsaker till de uppmätta växelverkanskrafterna diskuteras och slutsatsen blir att huvudorsaken är en attraktiv kapillärkraft som uppkommer genom att en gas-/ångkapillär bildas mellan ytorna. Kraftmätningar gjorda med hydrofoba nanostrukturerade modellytor visar att en storskalig vågighet inte nämnvärt påverkar storleken av kapillärattraktionen, men stora lokala variationer existerar. Det demonstreras att en stor variation i adhesionskraft motsvaras av en liten variation i lokal kontaktvinkel för kapillärerna på ytorna. Ytornas topografi påverkar kapillärattraktionen genom att påverka den lokala kontaktvinkeln samt genom att trefaskontaktlinjen inte kan röra sig fritt över ytan. Effekten är tydligt beroende av huruvida ytojämnheterna existerar i form av nedsänkningar eller upphöjningar. Instängd luft påverkar också pressade talktabletters uppsugningsförmåga av vatten. Vätnings- och dispergeringsmedels inverkan på växelverkan mellan talk och hydrofoba partiklar har undersökts. Resultaten visar att ett vanligt dispergeringsmedel för talk, polyakrylsyra, inte påverkar kapillärattraktionen. I själva verket tyder data på att polyakrylsyra inte adsorberas på talks basalplan. Utifrån dessa resultat dras slutsatsen att polyakrylsyra stabiliserar talkdispersioner genom att adsorbera på talkkanterna. Ett vanligt vätmedel (nonjonisk triblock sampolymer Pluronic PE6400) tar å andra sidan bort långväga kapillärattraktion. Detta antyder att egenskapen att ersätta luft på talkytan är av stor betydelse för effektiva vätmedel. Hamakerkonstanten för talk har uppskattats genom att utnyttja optiska data från ellipsometrimätningar. Det demonstreras att ett nanokristallint talkmineral kapat i olika riktningar uppvisar mycket små skillnader i Hamakerkonstant mellan de olika kristallografiska orienteringarna, medan ett mikrokristallint prov uppvisar ett betydligt högre värde. De beräknade Hamakerkonstanterna diskuteras för olika materialkombinationer relevanta för pappersindustrin, såsom cellulosa och kalciumkarbonat.
QC 20100813

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Pisanski, Katarzyna Alicja, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "The effects of voice pitch and resonances on assessments of speaker size, masculinity, and attractiveness." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Psychology, 2010, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/2549.

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The human voice might have been shaped by sexual selection. Hence, voice fundamental (F0, or pitch) and formant frequencies (Fn, or timbre) are proposed to convey fitness cues germane to rivals and potential mates. First, I confirm the independent effects of F0 and Fn on listeners’ assessments of speaker size, masculinity, and attractiveness. Second, I quantify the just-noticeable differences in both vocal features and then place F0 and Fn cues in conflict by equally discriminable amounts to test their relative influence on such voice-based social judgments. Results revealed a greater relative role of Fn in listeners’ ratings of all three dimensions, suggesting that these dimensions might all be cued more reliably by Fn than F0. Alternatively, given post-hoc principal component analyses that revealed considerable overlap in ratings of size, masculinity, and attractiveness, listeners’ conceptions of these dimensions may not be independent despite a research tradition that assumes they are.
xi, 102 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm

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Smith, Nicholas Alexander. "The effects of manipulation of pitch distributional properties of melodies on listeners' perceptions of tonality." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0023/MQ34012.pdf.

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Starr, Gary Earl. "Auditory short-term memory timbre and pitch : interference effects from grouping and same-dimension similarity /." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487940308433416.

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Wuttke, Brian C. "A Model Describing the Effects of Equipment, Instruction and Director and Student Attributes on Wind-Band Intonation." Scholarly Repository, 2011. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/564.

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The purpose of this study was to test a hypothesized model of wind-band intonation, using equipment, instruction and director and student attributes as components. Band directors (N= 5) and their students N= 200) were given a combination of published and researcher designed tests to measure equipment quality, experience, knowledge of instrument pitch tendencies and aural discrimination skills. In addition, each band was video recorded to observe their warm-up, tuning and rehearsal procedures and activities. Spectrum analysis using Praat phonetic analysis software (Boersma & Weenik, 2010) was used to measure wind-band intonation. Structural equation modeling (SEM) using AMOS (Arbuckle, 2008) was the method chosen to analyze and interpret the data. Although the hypothesized model could not be estimated, a model generating approach resulted in a three-factor model describing the effects of instruction and student attributes on wind-band intonation. Model fit was good (χ2 = 3.486, df = 7, p = .837, GFI = .994, CFI = 1.00, RMSEA = .000). The respecified model indicated that instruction and student attributes explain 99.3% of the variance in the dependent variable wind-band intonation. For each SD increase in the latent instruction variable, wind-band intonation increases by .95 a SD. Activities involving aural-based tuning strategies, tuning intervals and chords evidenced higher intonation scores. For each SD increase in the latent student attributes variable, wind-band intonation increases by .16 a SD. This suggests that instrument quality, experience in band and private lessons, and aural acuity combine to affect intonation scores, but these student attributes are less influential than instruction. A supplementary finding revealed that 72.5% of the students n = 145) made at least one error (M = 4.05, SD = 3.76) on the test measuring knowledge of their instrument’s pitch tendencies.

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Chen-Hafteck, Lily. "Effects of the pitch relationship between text and melody in Cantonese songs on young children's singing." Thesis, University of Reading, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388393.

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Ghorbani, Saeed [Verfasser], Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Bund, and Jörg [Akademischer Betreuer] Schorer. "Observational learning of a baseball-pitch: the effect of different model demonstrations / Saeed Ghorbani. Betreuer: Andreas Bund ; Jörg Schorer." Oldenburg : BIS der Universität Oldenburg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1058225766/34.

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Locy, Raymond S. "The effect of instrumental timbre preference and instrumental timbre on the pitch error detection skills of university conducting students." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39543.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of instrumental timbre preference and instrumental timbre on the error detection skills of undergraduate conducting students. The study sought to answer two specific questions: Is timbre preference, as determined by Gordon's (1984) Instrumental Timbre Preference Test (ITPT), a factor in the ability of undergraduate conducting students to detect errors in pitch in short melodies while viewing the score? Is the ability of undergraduate conducting students to detect pitch errors in melodic passages influenced by the instrumental timbres of the band ensemble? To answer these two questions, Gordon's ITPT and the researcher developed Test of Timbre Effect (TTE) were administered to 147 undergraduate conducting students in 11 colleges and universities in Virginia, North Carolina, and Tennessee. The TTE was designed to consist of seven different subtests, each intended to be administered to a different sample of homogeneous undergraduate conducting students. Each subtest consisted of 14 randomized test items, including two melodies designated as "target melodies" that differed only in timbre across the subtests. The effect of timbre preference, timbre, and the interaction of the two independent variables was determined by a 2 x 7 analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) of each target melody. Further analysis was conducted using a two-way multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). Results indicated that timbre preference, timbre, and the interaction of timbre preference and timbre did not have an effect on the ability of undergraduate conducting students to detect pitch errors in short melodic passages.
Ed. D.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'PINCH EFFECT'

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