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Journal articles on the topic 'PINCH EFFECT'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Nycander, J., and J. Juul Rasmussen. "Pinch effect in two-dimensional turbulence." Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 39, no. 11 (November 1, 1997): 1861–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/39/11/007.

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2

Suess, S. T. "Magnetic clouds and the pinch effect." Journal of Geophysical Research 93, A6 (1988): 5437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/ja093ia06p05437.

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3

Shea, Jill E., Kelly C. Hewitt, and Courtney L. Scaife. "Effect of altering fibroblast integrin associated protein expression on the growth and protein expression of pancreas cancer cells." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2013): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.4_suppl.251.

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251 Background: The lack of success of current treatments for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) may be due in part to the presence of the dense surrounding stromal response and the interactions between the stroma and cancer cells. We have shown that integrin associated proteins, in particular PINCH, are expressed to a higher degree in the stroma adjacent to the tumor cells and PINCH expression is positively correlated with poorer PDA patient outcomes. We hypothesize that decreasing PINCH protein expression in the tumor associated stroma will decrease the growth and expression of growth promoting proteins in PDA cells. Methods: Red fluorescent protein (RFP) stably expressing MiaPaCa-2 cells were co-cultured with WI38 fibroblasts, or WI38 fibroblasts with shRNA knockdown of PINCH protein (PINCH KD). Cell growth of the PDA cells alone and upon exposure to WI38 and PINCH KD fibroblasts was determined using RFP at 48 hours. PINCH, Akt, and pAKt protein expression in cultured PDA cells, exposed to media, WI38, or WI38 PINCH KD cells via a transwell system, were determined by western blot with values normalized to GAPDH protein expression at 48 hours. Results: MiaPaCa-2 cells grown in co-culture with WI38 cells had a 70%±5% increase in RFP, while those grown in co-culture with WI38 PINCH KD cells had a 40%±3% increase relative to MiaPaCa2 cells grown alone. In terms of relative PINCH protein expression there was an increase in MiaPaCa-2 (20%±5%) cells grown in co-culture with WI38 cells compared to alone but not when grown with PINCH KD (6%±3%). MiaPaCa-2 cells had a greater increase in AKT (47%±6% compared with 19%±4%) and pAKT (36%±5 and 22%±4%) in the cells grown with WI38 cells compared to PDA cells grown with WI38 PINCH KD. Conclusions: Reductions in fibroblast PINCH protein expression are associated with reductions in the growth of adjacent PDA cells, as well as the expression of growth enhancing proteins (PINCH, AKT, and pAKT). Since greater PINCH expression within PDA stromal cells is associated with poorer patient outcomes, understanding the mechanisms associated with this tumor-stromal interaction may provide intervention opportunities.

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4

Sahyouni, Walid, and Alaa Nassif. "Effect of Atomic Number on Plasma Pinch Properties and Radiative Emissions." Advances in High Energy Physics 2021 (July 9, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6611925.

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The aim of the research is to examine the dependence of plasma pinch properties and radiation emissions on the atomic number of the operating gas within the dense plasma focus device (NX2) when using hydrogen and argon gases. Simulation was performed with Lee’s code on an NX2 dense plasma focus at a constant gas pressure value ( P 0 = 0.5 torr ). The results showed that the minimum radius of the plasma focus in the case of the hydrogen plasma pinch was 0.30 cm and in the case of the argon plasma pinch 0.17 cm, and this affected the value of the radiation emission as it was 7.8 × 10 − 6 J and 11 J for the hydrogen and argon pinch, respectively. The energy of the ion beam released by the breakdown of the plasma pinch was found as E n = 23.8 J in the state of hydrogen and E n = 105 J in the state of argon.

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5

Naulin, V., A. H. Nielsen, and J. Juul Rasmussen. "Turbulence spreading, anomalous transport, and pinch effect." Physics of Plasmas 12, no. 12 (December 2005): 122306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2141396.

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6

Lee, S., and S. H. Saw. "Pinch current limitation effect in plasma focus." Applied Physics Letters 92, no. 2 (January 14, 2008): 021503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2827579.

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7

Cooley, L. D., and A. M. Grishin. "Pinch Effect in Commensurate Vortex-Pin Lattices." Physical Review Letters 74, no. 14 (April 3, 1995): 2788–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.74.2788.

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8

Sadeghifar, A. R., A. Karbalaeikhani, and A. R. Saied. "An assessment of the effects of variations in the Palmaris longus tendon and the fifth superficial flexor digitorum on pinch and grip strength." Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation 33, no. 5 (September 17, 2020): 743–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/bmr-170916.

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INTRODUCTION: The effect of the absence or presence of the Palmaris longus tendon on pinch and grip strength was investigated in this study. Similarly, the effect of the presence or absence of the fifth superficial flexor digitorum on grip strength in the hand was studied. The aim of the present study was to assess the combined effect of these anatomical variations on pinch and grip strength. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 523 volunteers and their 1046 hands were enrolled. Each hand was assessed for the presence or absence of the Palmaris longus tendon and for variations in the fifth superficial flexor digitorum function. Then the grip and pinch power of the hands were measured with the Jammar Dynamometer. RESULTS: The presence or absence of Palmaris longus had no effect on grip strength in the individuals studied. Likewise, variations in fifth superficial flexor digitorum function had no effect on grip and pinch strengths. But the results of statistical testing showed the effect of the presence of Palmaris longus on pinch strength (25.38 lbs in hands with Palmaris present vs 24.43 lbs in hands without Palmaris). Pinch and grip power was higher in men than in women and in the right hand than in the left. CONCLUSION: Based on the findings of the present study, it seems that absence of the Palmaris longus tendon is associated with a reduction in pinch strength but has no effect on grip strength, and the variations in the fifth superficial flexor digitorum (flexor digitorum superficialis, or FDS) have no effect on pinch and grip strengths.

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9

REAES, FABIO MAZETTI, MAURICIO MENEZES ABEN ATHAR IVO, DANIELE DOS SANTOS SCARCELLA, LIGIA CORTEZ ALMEIDA, ROSANA MAYUMI SUZUKI, and MARCIA UCHOA DE REZENDE. "EFFECT OF THE P.A.R.Q.V.E ON RHIZARTHRITIS." Acta Ortopédica Brasileira 26, no. 1 (February 2018): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-785220182601184420.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effect of a clinical management program involving education on hand function in patients with rhizarthritis. Methods: One hundred and eight patients with rhizarthritis and multiple arthritis (191 hands with clinical and radiographic rhizarthritis) followed for two years as part of an educational program on osteoarthritis were administered the SF-36, DASH, and HAQ questionnaires and measured for the strength of their palmar grip, pulp to pulp pinch, key (lateral) pinch, and tripod pinch at the time of inclusion and after 24 months. Age, race, level and frequency of physical activity, sex, body mass index, percentage of body fat, and degree of osteoarthritis were correlated to the test outcomes. Results: Women improved less than men on the HAQ (p=0.037). Each 1% reduction in fat percentage increased the chance of HAQ score improvement by 9.2% (p=0.038). Physical activity did not influence improvement in the parameters evaluated (p>0.05). Palmar grip improvement was affected by age and presence of rhizarthritis (p<0.05); patients with unilateral rhizarthritis improved 5.3 times more than patients without the disease (p=0.015), while improvement in palmar grip strength decreased 6.8% per year (p=0.004). Pulp pinch grip strength improved more in women than in men (p=0.018). Conclusion: Patients with rhizarthritis and multiple arthritis improved quality of life and grip strength through clinical treatment, an educational program, and fat loss. Level of Evidence II; Retrospective study.

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10

Zhou, Zhi Yun, Pu Yan Zheng, Jian Gang Wang, and Yan Zhou Yuan. "Effect of Apply Pinch Analysis Theory to Distributed Energy Systems Integration." Advanced Materials Research 860-863 (December 2013): 634–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.860-863.634.

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Nowdays more and more methods for design and transformation Distributed Energy System are applied. Traditional optimization is based on the original system , by successively optimize the process in order to recovery heat as much as possible or to reduce the enery consumption . Pinch analysis can get the energy goal and expect heat exchangers number directly,according to the analysis of the users demand streams parameters cascade. In this paper, pinch analysis is applyed for the downstream heat exchanger network optimal design of the distributed energy system , and has proved that pinch analysis advantages for the distributed energy system integration.

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11

Raadsma, HW, JE Watts, and H. Warren. "Effect of wither malformation on the pre-disposition of sheep to fleece rot and body strike." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 27, no. 4 (1987): 503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9870503.

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The presence of the conformational fault 'pinch' (narrow depression over the 4th-6th ribs) was examined in relation to fleece rot susceptibility. A field study involving 189 Merino ewes showed that the identification of the fault (incidence was 11%) by 4 independent observers was highly repeatable. Fleeces on the pinch site showed a disorderly staple arrangement with a higher incidence of tangled and narrow staples compared with unaffected sheep. The pinch fault appeared to be associated with excessively sloping front pasterns ( lt; 45� from the ground) compared with unaffected sheep (about 70�). In 2 experiments, it was shown that the 'pinch' fault was associated with a higher incidence of fleece rot and a higher level of moisture penetration and retention in the fleece during fleece rot induction. Staple crimp, staple density and fibre diameter (mean and variability) were associated with the wetting and drying characteristics of the fleece but not specifically with the pinch fault. It is suggested that the mechanical movement of the fleece at the pinch site was responsible for the increased moisture penetration which, in turn, increased the chance of development of fleece rot and fly strike.

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12

Woody, Rosemary, and Virgil Mathiowetz. "Effect of forearm position on pinch strength measurements." Journal of Hand Therapy 1, no. 3 (April 1988): 124–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0894-1130(88)80037-1.

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13

Spizzo, G., R. B. White, and S. Cappello. "Chaos generated pinch effect in toroidal confinement devices." Physics of Plasmas 14, no. 10 (October 2007): 102310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2776907.

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14

Green, J. S., S. N. Bland, M. Collett, A. E. Dangor, K. Krushelnick, F. N. Beg, and I. Ross. "Effect of wire number on x-pinch discharges." Applied Physics Letters 88, no. 26 (June 26, 2006): 261501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2216110.

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15

Shaing, K. C., and R. D. Hazeltine. "Enhanced pinch effect due to the electrostatic potential." Physics of Fluids B: Plasma Physics 2, no. 10 (October 1990): 2353–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.859500.

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16

Shen, M. C. "Solitons on a cylindrical pinch with Hall effect." Physics of Fluids 28, no. 10 (1985): 3044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.865145.

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17

Isichenko, M. B., A. V. Gruzinov, P. H. Diamond, and P. N. Yushmanov. "Anomalous pinch effect and energy exchange in tokamaks." Physics of Plasmas 3, no. 5 (May 1996): 1916–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871987.

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18

Miller, Myron H., and Andrew T. Zander. "Thermal pinch effect in the argon d.c. plasma." Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy 41, no. 5 (January 1986): 453–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0584-8547(86)80184-7.

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19

Shi, Xiaohua, Hong Qu, Matthias Kretzler, and Chuanyue Wu. "Roles of PINCH-2 in regulation of glomerular cell shape change and fibronectin matrix deposition." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 295, no. 1 (July 2008): F253—F263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00070.2008.

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The PINCH-1-integrin-linked kinase (ILK)-α-parvin (PIP) complex plays important roles in the regulation of glomerular cell behavior, including podocyte shape change, apoptosis, and mesangial fibronectin matrix deposition. In this study, we show that PINCH-2, a protein that is structurally related to PINCH-1 but encoded by a different gene, is coexpressed with PINCH-1 in podocytes. Treatment of podocytes with transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 elevated the level of PINCH-2, resulting in increased association of PINCH-2 with ILK and α-parvin and concomitant displacement of PINCH-1 from the PIP complex. To gain insights into the functional consequences of elevated PINCH-2 expression, we overexpressed PINCH-2 in podocytes by infection with an adenovirus encoding PINCH-2. Overexpression of PINCH-2 resulted in displacement of PINCH-1 from the PIP complex and compromised podocyte spreading. The PINCH-2-mediated displacement of PINCH-1, however, did not prompt apoptosis. Interestingly, the effect of PINCH-2 on podocyte spreading depends on differentiation status, as overexpression of PINCH-2 in podocytes that were not fully differentiated did not alter cell spreading. Finally, we show that overexpression of PINCH-2 in mesangial cells resulted in displacement of PINCH-1 from the PIP complex but impaired neither mesangial cell spreading nor fibronectin matrix deposition. These studies suggest that PINCH-2 can substitute for PINCH-1 in at least certain processes in glomerular cells (e.g., podocyte survival signaling and mesangial fibronectin matrix deposition), albeit that an aberrantly high level of PINCH-2 may contribute to TGF-β1-induced alteration in podocyte shape modulation.

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20

Mahat, M. Mazwan, R. N. Izzati, Ilya Izyan Shahrul Azhar, and Izdihar Tharazi. "Experimental Study on the Effect of Pinch Parameters and Fluid Viscosity to Flow in Closed Loop Impedance Pump." Applied Mechanics and Materials 660 (October 2014): 932–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.660.932.

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This paper aims to analyse the performance of impedance pump that uses energy mismatch to drive fluid flow. The experimental setup mainly focus to establish the relationship between the fluids flow rates in elastic tube section connected between two ends of solid tube and pinch mechanism location as well as fluid viscosity. Measurement of fluid flow rate or representation of its velocities resulting from the pumping mechanism is measured using two different supply voltage and constant pincher width. These measured parameters resulting from the pinch mechanism of the elastic tube section were varied at different pinch location along itsx-axis direction; divided into two main cases namely (1) 2 V and (2) 3 V at 40 mm to 140 mm pinch location. From the voltage variation, it is found that the maximum flow rate given by voltage 3.0 V at pinch location 40 mm while for the effect of viscosity, the highest flow rate is 93 ml/min. The profiles obtained revealed the characteristic of valve less pump to be the new model of new Ventricular Assist Device use in cardiac patient as well as further explanation about the factor that influence the characteristic of elastic tube.

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21

Taghizadeh Valdi, Mohammad Hossein, Mohammad Reza Atrechian, Ata Jafary Shalkoohy, and Elham Chavoshi. "Numerical Investigation of Water Entry Problem of Pounders with Different Geometric Shapes and Drop Heights for Dynamic Compaction of the Seabed." Geofluids 2018 (2018): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5980386.

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The water entry problem of three-dimensional pounders with different geometric shapes of cube, cylinder, sphere, pyramid, and cone was numerically simulated by the commercial software Abaqus, and the effects of pounder shape and drop height from the free surface of water on deepwater displacement and velocity as well as pinch-off time and depth were investigated. An explicit dynamic analysis method was employed to model fluid-structure interactions using a Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) formulation. The simulation results are verified by showing the computed shape of the air cavity, displacement of sphere, pinch-off time, and depth which all agreed with the experimental results. The results reveal that the drag force of water has the highest and lowest effect on cubical and conical pounders, respectively. Increasing the pounder drop height up to the critical height leads to increased pounder velocity while impacting the model bed and more than the critical drop height has a reverse effect on pounder impact velocity. Pinch-off time is a very weak function of pounder impact velocity; but pinch-off depth increases linearly with increased impact velocity.

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22

Bani, Monireh A., Mokhtar Arazpour, Reza V. Kashani, Mohammad E. Mousavi, Maryam Maleki, and Stephen W. Hutchins. "The effect of custom-made splints in patients with the first carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 37, no. 2 (August 22, 2012): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364612454047.

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Background: Pain, reduced grip strength, loss of range of motion, and joint stiffness, leading to impaired hand function, and difficulty with daily activities are documented symptoms of first carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis. Splinting is a common type of conservative treatment for this injury. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of custom-made thumb splints on pain, function, grip strength, and key pinch in patients with first carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis. Study Design: Quasi experimental. Methods: Patients with first carpometacarpal grade I and II osteoarthritis (n = 18) participated in a repeated measure study. The patients all wore custom-made thumb splints. All parameters were measured at baseline, and also after 30, 60, and 90 days from initial supply. A visual analogue scale, along with a disability of the arm, shoulder, and hand questionnaire, a dynamometer and pinch gauge were used to assess pain, function, grip strength, and pinch, respectively. Results: After 60 days of splint usage, grip strength was improved. However, a reduction in pain was demonstrated after only 30 days and this continued to improve with time. Function and pinch strength also increased significantly and continued to do so during the study period when compared to baseline. Conclusions: The use of a custom-made splint for patients with osteoarthritis of the first carpometacarpal joint produced decreased pain and increased grip strength, pinch strength, and hand function. Clinical relevance Custom-made splints may be recommended for the treatment of first carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis.

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23

Scheffel, Jan, and Mostafa Faghihi. "Finite-Larmor-radius effects on z–pinch stability." Journal of Plasma Physics 41, no. 3 (June 1989): 427–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377800013982.

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The effect of finite Larmor radius (FLR) on the stability of m = 1 small-axial-wavelength kinks in a z–pinch with purely poloidal magnetic field is investigated. We use the incompressible FLR MHD model; a collisionless fluid model that consistently includes the relevant FLR terms due to ion gyroviscosity, Hall effect and electron diamagnetism. With FLR terms absent, the Kadomtsev criterion of ideal MHD, 2r dp/dr + m2B2/μ0 ≥ 0 predicts instability for internal modes unless the current density is singular at the centre of the pinch. The same result is obtained in the present model, with FLR terms absent. When the FLR terms are included, a normal-mode analysis of the linearized equations yields the following results. Marginally unstable (ideal) modes are stabilized by gyroviscosity. The Hall term has a damping (but not absolutely stabilizing) effect – in agreement with earlier work. On specifying a constant current and particle density equilibrium, the effect of electron diamagnetism vanishes. For a z–pinch with parameters relevant to the EXTRAP experiment, the m = 1 modes are then fully stabilized over the crosssection for wavelengths λ/a ≤ 1, where a denotes the pinch radius. As a general z–pinch result a critical line-density limit Nmax = 5 × 1018 m–1 is found, above which gyroviscous stabilization near the plasma boundary becomes insufficient. This limit corresponds to about five Larmor radii along the pinch radius. The result holds for wavelengths close to, or smaller than, the pinch radius and for realistic equilibrium profiles. This limit is far below the required limit for a reactor with contained alpha particles, which is in excess of 1020 m–1.

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24

Alshahrani, Adel, Mohamed Samy Abdrabo, Sobhy M. Aly, Mastour Saeed Alshahrani, Raee S. Alqhtani, Faisal Asiri, and Irshad Ahmad. "Effect of Smartphone Usage on Neck Muscle Endurance, Hand Grip and Pinch Strength among Healthy College Students: A Cross-Sectional Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 12 (June 10, 2021): 6290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126290.

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In recent years, there has been a significant increase in global smartphone usage driven by different purposes. This study aimed to explore the effect of smartphone usage on neck muscle (flexors and extensors) endurance, hand grip, and pinch strength among young, healthy college students. In total, 40 male students were recruited for this study; 20 of them belonged to the smartphone-addicted group, while the other 20 were in the non-addicted group based on their smartphone addiction scale—short version (SAS-SV) scores (the threshold for determining smartphone addiction: 31/60). Neck flexor endurance time, the ability to perform a neck extensor muscle endurance test, and hand and pinch grip strength were assessed. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to assess between-group differences in the mean values of neck flexor endurance time, hand grip, and pinch grip. A significant group effect (Wilks’ lambda = 0.51, F (5,34) = 6.34, p = 0.001, partial eta squared = 0.48) was found. A decrease in neck flexor endurance time was observed in the smartphone-addicted group compared with that of the non-addicted group (p < 0.001). However, there was no notable difference in the neck extensor muscle endurance test or in hand grip and pinch grip strength of both hands between groups (p > 0.05). Using a smartphone for a prolonged time might affect neck flexor muscle endurance; however, more research is needed to explore the long-term effects of using smartphones on neck muscle endurance and hand/pinch grip strength and the risk of developing upper limb neuromusculoskeletal dysfunction.

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25

TANAKA, Manabu, and Shinichi TASHIRO. "A Study of Thermal Pinch Effect of Welding Arcs." QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE JAPAN WELDING SOCIETY 25, no. 2 (2007): 336–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2207/qjjws.25.336.

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26

Bolaños-Jiménez, R., A. Sevilla, C. Martínez-Bazán, D. van der Meer, and J. M. Gordillo. "The effect of liquid viscosity on bubble pinch-off." Physics of Fluids 21, no. 7 (July 2009): 072103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3173195.

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27

Boggasch, E. P., J. Christiansen, K. Frank, R. Tkotz, and H. Riege. "Z-pinch current enhancement by the inverse skin effect." IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 19, no. 5 (1991): 866–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/27.108427.

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28

Ohgaki, Kazunari, Hiroshi Kobayashi, and Takashi Katayama. "Tubular pinch effect on size determination of fine particles." KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUNSHU 16, no. 6 (1990): 1252–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1252/kakoronbunshu.16.1252.

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29

Morales, Jorge A., Wouter J. T. Bos, Kai Schneider, and David C. Montgomery. "The effect of toroidicity on reversed field pinch dynamics." Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 56, no. 9 (August 14, 2014): 095024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/56/9/095024.

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30

Shivers, Carrie L., Gary A. Mirka, and David B. Kaber. "Effect of Grip Span on Lateral Pinch Grip Strength." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 44, no. 4 (December 2002): 569–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1518/0018720024496999.

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31

Wesley, J. P. "Pinch effect and ampere tension to drive bering's pump." Foundations of Physics Letters 7, no. 1 (February 1994): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02056556.

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32

Spinelli, Jade, Neil E. I. Langlois, and Roger W. Byard. "Ligature induced blister formation in hanging—the “pinch” effect." Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology 13, no. 2 (February 21, 2017): 245–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12024-017-9844-y.

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LEACH, W. J., C. ESLER, and T. D. SCOTT. "Grip Strength following Carpal Tunnel Decompression." Journal of Hand Surgery 18, no. 6 (December 1993): 750–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-7681(93)90237-a.

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To monitor the effect of open carpal tunnel decompression on grip strength in the hand, a prospective study was made of 25 patients undergoing a total of 31 operations. Hand grip, key pinch and pulp-to-pulp pinch strengths were measured pre-operatively and at regular intervals until 1 year following operation. At that time there was no significant difference in the hand grip and pulp-to-pulp pinch strengths compared to their pre-operative values, but the key pinch in females showed a marginally significant reduction ( P=0.04) compared to the pre-operative value.

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34

Mirza, Arshad M., N. A. D. Khattak, M. Iqbal, and G. Murtaza. "Fusion conditions in a finite-thickness gas-puff staged Z-pinch." Journal of Plasma Physics 52, no. 3 (December 1994): 365–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377800027197.

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We investigate the implosion of a dense τ-pinch plasma driven by an annular finite-thickness gas-puff Z-pinch. The imploding Z-pinch traps an axial magnetic field Bz, compressing it to large values in an extremely short time. The temporal variation of Bz then induces an azimuthal τ current on the surface of a fibre placed on the axis, with a rise time an order of magnitude shorter than the rise time of the Z-pinch current. Our numerical results demonstrate that, for a thick gas-puff layer, maximum compression occurs before the current peaks.We also find that at peak compression, fuel densities of the order of 1025 cm-3 and temperatures above 10 keV can be achieved on a time scale of the order of 0.1 ns. Thus a Lawson parameter nτ ≈ 1014 s cm-3 for a DT fibre becomes achievable. The snowplough effect in the Z-pinch exercises a stabilization effect on the growth of sausage and Rayleigh—Taylor instabilities. In the limit of a very thin gas-puff layer, previous results are fully recovered.

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35

Vaknin, Yonatan, Ronen Dagan, and Yossi Rosenwaks. "Pinch-Off Formation in Monolayer and Multilayers MoS2 Field-Effect Transistors." Nanomaterials 9, no. 6 (June 14, 2019): 882. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9060882.

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The discovery of layered materials, including transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD), gives rise to a variety of novel nanoelectronic devices, including fast switching field-effect transistors (FET), assembled heterostructures, flexible electronics, etc. Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), a transition metal dichalcogenides semiconductor, is considered an auspicious candidate for the post-silicon era due to its outstanding chemical and thermal stability. We present a Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) study of a MoS2 FET device, showing direct evidence for pinch-off formation in the channel by in situ monitoring of the electrostatic potential distribution along the conducting channel of the transistor. In addition, we present a systematic comparison between a monolayer MoS2 FET and a few-layer MoS2 FET regarding gating effects, electric field distribution, depletion region, and pinch-off formation in such devices.

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MATHUR, K., P. B. PYNSENT, S. B. VOHRA, B. THOMAS, and S. C. DESHMUKH. "Effect of Wrist Position on Power Grip and Key Pinch Strength Following Carpal Tunnel Decompression." Journal of Hand Surgery 29, no. 4 (August 2004): 390–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsb.2004.02.012.

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Power grip and thumb key pinch strength were measured pre- and immediately postoperatively in 30 patients with carpal tunnel syndrome while the wrist was in flexion and extension. The carpal tunnel decompression was performed under local infiltration with 1% lignocaine. Grip strength decreased more in wrist flexion than in wrist extension. No difference was found in thumb pinch strength. The authors conclude that some of the immediate postoperative loss of grip strength in wrist flexion can be attributed to prolapse of flexor tendons out of the carpal tunnel in this position.

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Mathiowetz, Virgil, Cheryl Rennells, and Lori Donahoe. "Effect of elbow position on grip and key pinch strength." Journal of Hand Surgery 10, no. 5 (September 1985): 694–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0363-5023(85)80210-0.

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38

Cvetković, Danica, Vladimir Živković, and Slobodan Nikolić. "Regarding ligature induced blister formation in hanging – the “pinch” effect." Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology 14, no. 1 (October 5, 2017): 139–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12024-017-9921-2.

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39

Odagaki, Masato, Hiroshi Fukuda, and Osamu Hiwaki. "Effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation on force of finger pinch." Journal of Applied Physics 105, no. 7 (April 2009): 07B307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3076586.

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40

Chorng-Wei Liaw, Leaf Yeh, Ming-Jang Lin, and Chrong Jung Lin. "Pinch-Off Voltage-Adjustable High-Voltage Junction Field-Effect Transistor." IEEE Electron Device Letters 28, no. 8 (August 2007): 737–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/led.2007.900869.

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41

Lamoreaux, Lisa, and M. Mark Hoffer. "The Effect of Wrist Deviation on Grip and Pinch Strength." Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research &NA;, no. 314 (May 1995): 152???155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003086-199505000-00019.

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42

Koide, Shinji. "3-Dimensional Simulation of Dynamo Effect of Reversed Field Pinch." Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 59, no. 11 (November 15, 1990): 3952–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jpsj.59.3952.

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43

Kushwaha, Manvir S. "Observability of the quantum pinch effect in semiconducting quantum wires." Applied Physics Letters 103, no. 17 (October 21, 2013): 173116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4827675.

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44

Stephanakis, S. J., J. P. Apruzese, P. G. Burkhalter, J. Davis, R. A. Meger, S. W. McDonald, G. Mehlman, P. F. Ottinger, and F. C. Young. "Effect of pulse sharpening on imploding neon Z‐pinch plasmas." Applied Physics Letters 48, no. 13 (March 31, 1986): 829–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.96681.

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45

Kingsep, A. "Anomalous resistance of the fractal current-carrying corona of Z-pinch." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 3, no. 1 (1999): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1026022699000059.

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An effect of the random plasma inhomogeneity onto the scenario of ion-acoustic anomalous resistivity is considered. It is shown that such an inhomogeneity could be more efficient than nonlinear effects to determine the turbulent resistivity. In application to Z-pinches, some peculiarities of the skin-effect are considered, in particular, subsequent inhomogeneity of the current penetration into the conducting medium.

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46

Tamaru, Yoshiki, Akiyoshi Yanagawa, and Akiyoshi Matsugi. "Sensory Nerve Conduction Velocity Predicts Improvement of Hand Function with Nerve Gliding Exercise Following Carpal Tunnel Release Surgery." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 18 (September 13, 2021): 4121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10184121.

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This study aims to investigate the effects of nerve gliding exercise following carpal tunnel release surgery (NGE-CTRS) and the probing factors affecting the effect of NGE-CTRS on hand function. A total of 86 patients after CTRS participated. Grip strength (grip-s), pinch strength (pinch-s), Semmes-Weinstein monofilament test (SWMT), two-point discrimination (2PD), numbness, pain, and Phalen test (Phalen) were measured and compared between pre- and post-NGE-CTRS. The results showed that the combination of surgery and NGE significantly improved the postoperative grip-s, pinch-s, SWMT, 2PD, numbness, and Phalen; however, no improvement was observed in pain. Background factors that influenced the improved grip-s and pinch-s included gender and preoperative sensory nerve conduction velocity (SCV). Additionally, numbness and Phalen were not affected by age, gender, fault side, bilateral, trigger finger, dialysis, thenar eminence atrophy, motor nerve conduction velocity, SCV, the start of treatment, and occupational therapy intervention. In conclusion, the combination of surgical procedures and NGE showed a high improvement. SCV and time-to-start treatment of intervention for carpal tunnel syndrome may be useful in predicting the function after the intervention.

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Yassierli, Yassierli, Diaz Abdul Aziiz Irawan, and Kartika Kusuma Pratiwi. "PENGARUH KEERGONOMISAN STASIUN KOMPUTER GAME NET PADA RISIKO GANGGUAN OTOT-RANGKA." J@ti Undip : Jurnal Teknik Industri 13, no. 2 (May 31, 2018): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jati.13.2.109-116.

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AbstrakMaraknya pengguna online game memicu terjadinya peningkatan jumlah penyedia jasa bermain game net dengan pengguna anak-anak, namun stasiun komputer yang digunakan ditujukan untuk pengguna dewasa. Akibatnya, muncul isu ergonomi yang dapat mengakibatkan keluhan otot rangka dengan salah satu indikatornya adalah kelelahan otot rangka. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh keergonomisan stasiun komputer game net dan dampaknya terhadap tingkat kelelahan otot jari tangan pada anak-anak pengguna online game. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan wawancara pengguna game net (n=166), survei keergonomisan game net (n=18) dan dilanjutkan dengan eksperimen. Pada eksperimen, sebanyak 36 anak (usia 12 tahun) direkrut secara random sebagai partisipan dan diminta bermain selama 4 jam di stasiun komputer game net yang dikategorikan ergonomis dan non-ergonomis berdasarkan hasil survei. Pengukuran kelelahan dilakukan menggunakan tiga tes kekuatan otot jari tangan, yakni tip pinch, key pinch, dan palmar pinch secara bergantian untuk tangan kanan dan kiri setiap satu jam. Kelelahan didefiniskan sebagai kecepatan pengurangan dari kekuatan maksimum terhadap waktu. Berdasarkan hasil uji komparasi t-berpasangan, disimpulkan bahwa keergonomisan stasiun komputer berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat kelelahan yang diukur melalui tip pinch dan key pinch untuk tangan kanan dan tangan kiri (p<0.05). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pentingnya faktor ergonomi dalam rancangan stasiun komputer game net untuk mencegah gangguan otot-rangka. Abstract[Effect of Non-ergonomic Game Net Computer Station on Risks of Musculockeletal Disorders] The number of game net computer station providing online game has dramatically increased in Indonesia. The majority of game net users are children, but the computer stations are designed for adult users. This study was aimed at determining the effect of non-ergonomic game net computer station and its impact on the development of muscle fatigue on children finger. The study consisted of interview of game net users (n=166), survey of game net condition (n=18), and experiment. In the experiment, a total of 36 children (aged 12 years) were recruited as the participant. They were asked to play at both ergonomic and non-ergonomic game net computers for 4 hours. Fatigue development was measured using strength tests of finger muscle, including tip pinch, key pinch, and palmar pinch alternately for the left and right hands in every hour. Fatigue is defined as the rate of reduction in maximum strength by time. Based on t-paired comparison test, it was concluded that the ergonomics condition of computer stations had significant effect on the level of fatigue of children measured through key tip pinch and pinch for the right hand and left hand (p <0.05). The results of this study indicated the importance of ergonomic factors in the design of game net computer station in order to prevent complaint at musculoskeletal system. Keywords: Fatigue, Complaint; Musculoskeletal, Computer; Ergonomics

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Leiphart, James W., Cynthia V. Dills, and Robert M. Levy. "Alpha2-adrenergic receptor subtype specificity of intrathecally administered tizanidine used for analgesia for neuropathic pain." Journal of Neurosurgery 101, no. 4 (October 2004): 641–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.2004.101.4.0641.

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Object. Intrathecally administered α2-adrenergic receptor subtype—specific antagonists were used to determine which α2-adrenergic receptor subtype mediates the analgesic effect of intrathecally administered tizanidine in a chronic constriction injury (CCI) rat model of neuropathic pain. Methods. Seven days after CCI and intrathecal catheter surgeries had been performed in Sprague—Dawley rats, baseline neuropathic pain tests including cold-floor ambulation and paw pinch were performed. Either the dimethyl sulfoxide vehicle (seven rats) or one of the antagonists—5, 23, or 46 µg yohimbine (22 rats); 5, 25, 50, or 100 µg prazosin (25 rats); or 5, 45, or 90 µg WB4101 (11 rats)—were intrathecally administered to the animals, followed in 30 minutes by 50 µg intrathecally administered tizanidine. The neuropathic pain tests were repeated 30 minutes later. The resulting profile showed a descending order of antagonist efficacy for yohimbine, prazosin, and WB4101 for the cold-floor ambulation test and for the paw-pinch test of the affected paw. As expected given tizanidine's lack of analgesic effect on the contralateral, normal paw, there were no effects of antagonists on contralateral paw responses. The results of the paw-pinch test on the affected side were compared with binding data cited in the existing literature for the three different α2-adrenergic receptor subtypes (α2A, α2B, and α2C) with yohimbine, prazosin, and WB4101. The antagonist response profile for the paw-pinch test of the affected paw most closely approximated the α2B receptor binding profile. Conclusions. The antagonist profile from the current study is most consistent with the theory that the α2B-adrenergic receptor subtype mediates the analgesic effect of intrathecally administered tizanidine on CCI-associated neuropathic pain.

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Zhang, Qian, Qiuhong Huo, Lei Zhang, Lei Song, and Jianmeng Yang. "Effect of Vaneless Diffuser Shape on Performance of Centrifugal Compressor." Applied Sciences 10, no. 6 (March 12, 2020): 1936. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10061936.

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The influence of four different vaneless diffuser shapes on the performance of centrifugal compressors is numerically studied in this paper. One of the studied shapes was a parallel wall diffuser. Two others had the width reduced only from hub and shroud and the rest had the width reduced from hub and shroud divided evenly. Then the numerical simulation was employed and the overall compressor aerodynamic performance was studied. The detailed velocity and pressure distribution and energy loss within the centrifugal compressor with different diffuser geometries and different operating conditions were analyzed. The results revealed that shroud pinch significantly improved the overall compressor aerodynamic performance more than any other pinch types, and the best performance can be achieved by pinched diffusers under the design condition compared with pinched diffusers under the near surge condition or choking condition. The range of energy loss, namely the static entropy area in the compressor, become reduced with the above three pinches diffusers.

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Clark, B. D., S. M. Dacko, and T. C. Cope. "Cutaneous stimulation fails to alter motor unit recruitment in the decerebrate cat." Journal of Neurophysiology 70, no. 4 (October 1, 1993): 1433–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1993.70.4.1433.

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1. An attempt was made to repeat the observation that cutaneous input to the cat medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscle sometimes had the differential effect of inhibiting motoneurons with slow axonal conduction velocity while simultaneously exciting others with fast conduction velocity. Dual microelectrode recording from intact ventral root filaments was used to study the effects of cutaneous inputs on recruitment order and on firing frequency of physiologically characterized MG motor units in decerebrate cats. Motor responses to pinch of the skin over the lateral surface of the ankle as well as electrical stimulation of the caudal cutaneous sural (CCS) nerve were contrasted with the responses to static muscle stretch as well as muscle vibration. 2. In contrast to the prediction, recruitment order in pairwise tests was the same for skin pinch or CCS stimulation as it was for MG stretch or vibration in all 32 tested pairs of motor units. This sample included seven pairs comprising one slow-twitch (S) and one fast-twitch motor unit, where the predicted reversal of recruitment should have been most apparent. Regardless of the source of excitation, recruitment of motor units of the MG was consistent with Henneman's size principle in approximately 90% of trials. 3. Skin pinch increased the firing rate of 30 of 32 individual motor units previously activated by stretch or vibration, including 7 slow-twitch units. In the remaining two units, skin pinch transiently (100-400 ms) slowed the firing of an S unit in 11 of 13 vibration + pinch trials. The other unit (type unknown) showed one or two retarded spikes in each of four vibration + pinch trials. In three S units, including the lone inhibitable unit and two others that were only excited by skin pinch, there was a significant positive rank correlation between change in unit firing frequency and change in soleus integrated electromyographic activity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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