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Journal articles on the topic 'Pine engraver'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 4 February 2022

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1

Six, Diana L., Mark Vander Meer, Thomas H. DeLuca, and Peter Kolb. "Pine engraver (Ips pini) Colonization of Logging Residues Created Using Alternative Slash Management Systems in Western Montana." Western Journal of Applied Forestry 17, no. 2 (April 1, 2002): 96–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/17.2.96.

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Abstract In this study, we observed effects of various slash treatments on pine engraver colonization. Five slash treatments (slash-free, chipped, small piles, large piles, scattered) were replicated five times at each of two sites, one consisting mainly of ponderosa pine and the other predominantly lodgepole pine. No pine engravers were found in slash-free or chipped slash treatments at either site. At the ponderosa pine site, significantly more pine engraver attacks and galleries were found in the scattered slash treatment than in small and large pile treatments. A significantly greater number of invertebrate natural enemies were also found in the scattered slash treatment, where they were approximately six to nine times as abundant as in the small pile and large pile treatments, respectively. No pine engravers were observed colonizing slash in the lodgepole pine treatments where slash was in an advanced stage of drying. At both sites, the use of a feller buncher–delimber during harvest increased the rate of drying of slash, reducing its suitability for pine engraver colonization. West. J. Appl. For. 17(2):96–100.

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2

Gandhi, Kamal J. K., and Steven J. Seybold. "Tamarack (Pinaceae): previously unrecorded developmental host for pine engraver and southern pine engraver (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)." Canadian Entomologist 134, no. 3 (June 2002): 299–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent134299-3.

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The pine engraver, Ips pini (Say), is broadly distributed across North America (Lanier 1972; Wood 1982; Seybold et al. 1995) with a host range that includes most species of Pinus L., and in rare cases, species of Picea A. Dietrich (both Pinaceae), within its range (Swaine 1918; Bright 1976; Wood 1982; Furniss and Carolin 1992). Ips pini has been recorded from Pinus banksiana Lamb., Pinus resinosa Ait., and Pinus strobus L. (eastern North America), and from three of four subspecies of Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loudon [P. c. contorta, P. c. latifolia (Engelm.) Critch., and P. c. murrayana (Balf.) Critch.], Pinus coulteri D. Don, Pinus jeffreyi Balf., Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex P. and C. Laws., and Pinus flexilis James (western North America) (Furniss and Carolin 1992; Seybold et al. 1995). Hopping (1964) reported I. pini on Picea rubens Sarg., Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, and Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm. The adult insect is intermediate in length relative to most Ips spp., ranging from 3.3 to 4.5 mm (Hopping 1964; Bright 1976; Wood 1982; USDA Forest Service 1985).

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3

Pettey, Thomas M., and Charles Gardner Shaw. "Isolation of Fomitopsis pinicola from in-flight bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)." Canadian Journal of Botany 64, no. 7 (July 1, 1986): 1507–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b86-204.

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Isolations of Hymenomycetes on a preferential medium were attempted from preflight pine engraver beetles, Ips pini, and the following in-flight bark beetles: pine engraver beetle, I. pini; western pine beetle, Dendroctonus brevicomis; mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae; and red turpentine beetle, Dendroctonus valens. Thirty pine engraver beetles removed from ponderosa pine slash (preflight) yielded no hymenomycete. However, Hymenomycetes were isolated from 50 of 114 beetles (all species) trapped in flight; Fomitopsis pinicola from 44, and other unidentified suspected Hymenomycetes, from 6. Cryptoporus volvatus was not isolated from any of the in-flight beetles. Since most of these isolates were without clamps (monokaryotic), the beetles may acquire basidiospores after emergence from beetle galleries in coniferous trees as hypothesized previously for the Douglas-fir beetle, Dendroctonus pseudotsugae. The isolation of F. pinicola from all species of in-flight bark beetles indicates that these beetles may be important in the dissemination of this hymenomycete.

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4

Devlin, D. R., and J. H. Borden. "Efficacy of antiaggregants for the pine engraver, Ipspini (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 24, no. 12 (December 1, 1994): 2469–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x94-318.

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The responses of pine engravers, Ipspini (Say), in British Columbia to ipsdienol-baited traps containing low, medium, and high dose rates of the antiaggregants verbenone and ipsenol, released from impregnated polyethylene and polypropylene beads, respectively, remained significantly lower than responses to ipsdienol-baited control traps throughout the spring. During the summer, the responses remained low only in traps containing medium and high dose rates of impregnated beads. Antiaggregant treatment densities of 100 and 400 bubble cap release points per hectare reduced the numbers of pine engravers caught in ipsdienol-baited, multiple-funnel traps by 66.1 and 76.8%, respectively. In 50 × 50 m thinning-simulation plots treated with a broadcast distribution of antiaggregant-impregnated beads in 1990, 32.9% of the felled lodgepole pines, Pinuscontorta Dougl., were attacked; in untreated control plots, 53.1% were attacked. The mean attack density per square metre of available bark surface in the treated plots (1.3) was significantly lower than that in the untreated plots (1.9); however, where attack occurred there was no difference (8.8 and 9.4 attacks/m2, respectively). In a 1991 experiment, verbenone- and ipsenol-impregnated beads were applied to 15 × 15 m thinning-simulation plots at initial release rates of 2.5 mg of verbenone and 0.05 mg of ipsenol per square metre of ground surface per day, and at double these rates. For three treatments, low and high rates 3 weeks prior to the first attack by I. pini and a high rate 2 weeks prior to attack, the mean attacks per square metre of available bark surface per week were reduced by 77.1, 82.9, and 97.1%, respectively, compared with attacks on felled pines in untreated control plots. The results of these experiments suggest that a timely application of broadcast antiaggregants would prevent the development of an outbreak population of I. pini.

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5

Rankin, L. J., and J. H. Borden. "Competitive interactions between the mountain pine beetle and the pine engraver in lodgepole pine." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 21, no. 7 (July 1, 1991): 1029–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x91-141.

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The pine engraver (PE), Ipspini (Say), often coexists with the mountain pine beetle (MPB), Dendroctonusponderosae Hopk., in lodgepole pine, Pinuscontorta var. latifolia Engelm. The PE colonizes the upper bole, while the MPB infests the lower bole. We investigated the hypothesis that interspecific interactions between the PE and the MPB within trees can adversely affect MPB progeny production or survival. In lodgepole pine bark attacked by both species, PE and MPB emergence holes had a strong negative interrelationship, suggesting that high numbers of one species resulted in lower numbers of the other. In the laboratory, attacks by PEs on lodgepole pine logs resulted in significantly decreased numbers of MPB progeny, particularly when MPBs and PEs were allowed to attack logs simultaneously. Reductions in MPB progeny were 92.8 and 96.2% when the ratios of attacking beetles were 100 PE: 50 MPB per square metre and 200 PE: 50 MPB per square metre, respectively, compared with that in control logs with 50 MPB per square metre. In an August field experiment, pheromone-induced attack by the PE on trees just attacked by the MPB resulted in a 72.5% reduction in mean MPB progeny production compared with that in MPB-attacked control trees. Possible reasons for the reduced success of MPB when it and the PE coinhabit the same host may be exploitation competition, interference competition, or introduction of fungal competitors deleterious to the MPB. Induced infestation by PEs of MPB-infested trees may have the potential to reduce or control MPB populations.

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6

Filip, Gregory M., Helen Maffei, and Kristen L. Chadwick. "Forest Health Decline in a Central Oregon Mixed-Conifer Forest Revisited After Wildfire: A 25-Year Case Study." Western Journal of Applied Forestry 22, no. 4 (October 1, 2007): 278–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/22.4.278.

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Abstract A 500-ac mixed-conifer forest near Cache Mountain in central Oregon was examined in 1979, 1992, 2002, 2004, and 2005 to document causes of forest health decline and subsequent wildfire damage. The site is dominated by grand fir (Abies grandis) and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), with some lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) and subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa). Part of the area was clearcut or shelterwood harvested from 1983 to 1985. Between 1979 and 1992, grand fir increased substantially, whereas ponderosa pine decreased in stems and basal area/ac in the unharvested areas. From 1979 to 2002, grand fir experienced severe mortality that was caused primarily by the root pathogen, Armillaria ostoyae, and the fir engraver (Scolytus ventralis). In 2003, a wildfire burned all of the study area, and by 2004, most of the grand fir, subalpine fir, and lodgepole pine was killed. The least amount of mortality from fire occurred in the larger-diameter ponderosa pine. Two years after the 2003 fire, some of the grand firs with bole or crown scorch that were alive in 2004 were killed by fir engravers by 2005. For ponderosa pines, only a few trees with bole or crown scorch that were alive in 2004 were killed by bark beetles, mostly mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) and red turpentine beetle (Dendroctonus valens), by 2005. This case study has relevance to current interpretations of forest health in similar mixed-conifer forests, the major causes of forest health decline, and the role of fire in forest health.

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7

Borden, J. H., D. R. Devlin, and D. R. Miller. "Synomones of two sympatric species deter attack by the pine engraver, Ipspini (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 22, no. 3 (March 1, 1992): 381–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x92-050.

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The capture of pine engravers, Ipspini (Say), in ipdienol-baited, multiple-funnel traps in British Columbia was significantly reduced when devices releasing ipsenol or verbenone were placed in the traps. These results suggest that ipsenol and verbenone are synomones released by Ipslatidens (LeC.) and the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonusponderosae Hopk., respectively. When verbenone and ipsenol were released together from five stations 2 m apart on felled trees, at 50 and 1.5 mg per day per tree, respectively, there was a 66.7% reduction in the number of logs attacked and a 98.8% reduction in attack density. The same treatment caused a 74.1% reduction in attack density on standing trees surrounded by a 4 × 4 grid of 16 release devices at 5- m centres. The antiaggregant composition of verbenone plus ipsenol has considerable operational potential for use in precommercial thinnings and in areas where standing pines are of high value; e.g., in rural subdivisions, shelterbelts, and recreational forests.

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8

ROBERTSON, IAN C. "Paternal care enhances male reproductive success in pine engraver beetles." Animal Behaviour 56, no. 3 (September 1998): 595–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/anbe.1998.0816.

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9

Francke, W., M. L. Pan, J. Bartels, W. A. König, J. P. Vité, S. Krawielitzki, and U. Kohnle. "The odour bouquet of three pine engraver beetles (Ips spp.)." Journal of Applied Entomology 101, no. 1-5 (January 12, 1986): 453–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1986.tb00879.x.

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10

Miller, Daniel R., and John H. Borden. "?-Phellandrene: kairomone for pine engraver,Ips pini (Say) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)." Journal of Chemical Ecology 16, no. 8 (August 1990): 2519–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01017475.

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11

Fox, J. W., D. L. Wood, C. S. Koehler, and S. T. O’Keefe. "ENGRAVER BEETLES (SCOLYTIDAE: IPS SPECIES) AS VECTORS OF THE PITCH CANKER FUNGUS, FUSARIUM SUBGLUTINANS." Canadian Entomologist 123, no. 6 (December 1991): 1355–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent1231355-6.

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AbstractIps mexicanus (Hopkins) and I. paraconfusus Lanier can transmit a frugal pathogen that causes pitch canker [Fusarium subglutinans (Wollenw, and Reink.) Nelson, Toussoun, andMarasas], a disease recently identified in Monterey pines (Pirns radiata D. Don) in California. In Santa Cruz County, F. subglutinans was recovered from Ips spp. that emerged from pitch canker-in fee ted P. radiata and were captured in multiple-funnel traps baited with racemic Ips spp. pheromones. Ips paraconfusus adults experimentally contaminated with propagules of the fungus transmitted it to seedlings and mature pines. Field transmission was demonstrated when cankers were produced following pheromone-induced beetle attacks on pines. Ips spp. inoculated F. subglutinans into pine slash, thus creating reservoirs of this fungus. Larvae, pupae, and young adults acquired the fungus when their parents introduced it into logs. Ips spp. progeny production and development were not significantly altered by the fungus. In proximity to other bark beetle-associated fungi, growth of F. subglutinans was reduced and patchy. A new association may be developing among native Ips spp. and F. subglutinans.

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12

Davydenko, K. V., and D. O. Baturkin. "Pine engraver beetle Ips acuminatus as a potential vector of Sphaeropsis sapinea." Forestry and Forest Melioration, no. 136 (June 25, 2020): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33220/1026-3365.136.2020.149.

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The pine engraver beetle Ips acuminatus Gyll. is a potential vector of the Sphaeropsis tip blight pathogen according to Leach’s postulates. The specimens of I. acuminatus were associated with numerous fungi species, namely Sphaeropsis sapinea (Fr.) Dyko & B. Sutton and ophiostomatoid species. The association between opportunistic pathogen S. sapinea and I. acuminatus has been confirmed for 62.9 % of all branches (44 % of needle samples and 82 % of wood samples). The presence of S. sapinea in the galleries and on the surface of the beetle indicates that I. acuminatus may transport the pathogen and later introduce it into healthy trees. The bark beetle can transfer pathogenic fungus during maturation feeding on the shoots of healthy pine crowns and into the branches during making galleries.

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13

Villari, C., A. Battisti, S. Chakraborty, M. Michelozzi, P. Bonello, and M. Faccoli. "Nutritional and pathogenic fungi associated with the pine engraver beetle trigger comparable defenses in Scots pine." Tree Physiology 32, no. 7 (June 19, 2012): 867–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tps056.

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14

Erbilgin, N., G. Ritokova, T. R. Gordon, D. L. Wood, and A. J. Storer. "Temporal variation in contamination of pine engraver beetles withFusarium circinatumin native Monterey pine forests in California." Plant Pathology 57, no. 6 (December 2008): 1103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2008.01887.x.

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15

Miller, D. R., G. Gries, and J. H. Borden. "E-MYRCENOL: A NEW PHEROMONE FOR THE PINE ENGRAVER, IPS PINI (SAY) (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)." Canadian Entomologist 122, no. 3 (June 1990): 401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent122401-5.

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AbstractE-Myrcenol reduced catches of the pine engraver, Ips pini (Say), to ipsdienol-baited, multiple-funnel traps in a dose-dependent fashion. The sex ratio was unaffected by E-myrcenol treatments. Lures containing E-myrcenol in ethanol solution failed to protect freshly cut logs of lodgepole pine from attack by I. pini. Rather, I. pini preferentially attacked logs treated with devices releasing E-myrcenol and ethanol, over nontreated, control logs. Our results demonstrate that E-myrcenol is a new pheromone for I. pini, and emphasize the importance of understanding basic pheromone biology before utilisation of a semiochemical in forest pest management.

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16

Miller, Daniel R. "Frontalin interrupts attraction of Ips pini (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) to ipsdienol." Canadian Entomologist 133, no. 3 (June 2001): 407–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent133407-3.

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The pine engraver, Ips pini (Say), breeds in the phloem tissue of dead, dying, or downed pines, occasionally attacking standing live trees when populations build up to significant levels following logging activities or infestations by the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins (Furniss and Carolin 1980). In British Columbia, I. pini uses ipsdienol as an aggregation pheromone to facilitate large aggregations of mated beetles and breeding galleries (Miller et al. 1996). The aggregation pheromones, exo-brevicomin and cis- and trans-verbenol, used by D. ponderosae (Borden et al. 1987; Miller and Lafontaine 1991) interrupt attraction of I. pini to ipsdienol (Miller 1991). Another semiochemical, frontalin, is used by D. ponderosae as a multifunctional pheromone (Borden et al. 1987), enhancing attraction of beetles at low release rates and interrupting attraction at high release rates. I tested the effect of frontalin, over a broad range of release rates, on the attraction of I. pini to ipsdienol-baited traps.

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17

Fox, Joseph W., David L. Wood, and Carlton S. Koehler. "DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE OF ENGRAVER BEETLES (SCOLYTIDAE: IPS SPECIES) ON MONTEREY PINES INFECTED WITH PITCH CANKER." Canadian Entomologist 122, no. 6 (December 1990): 1157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent1221157-11.

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AbstractPitch canker, caused by Fusarium subglutinans (Wollenw. and Reink.) Nelson, Toussoun, and Marasas, a pine pathogen recently identified in California, may increase the distribution and abundance of Ips spp. on Monterey pines in Santa Cruz Co., CA. In all pine stands, Ips spp. tunneled into healthy branches and boles. Ips mexicanus (Hopkins) was the most abundant engraver beetle observed, followed by I. paraconfusus Lanier; I. plastographus (LeConte) was rare. Ips mexicanus was routinely captured in traps baited with racemic I. paraconfusus pheromone. During die winter, I. mexicanus excavated mass feeding cavities in shade-suppressed branches. In uninfected stands, 3% of the trees and only 0.3% of the branches were mass-attacked. In severely infected stands, 47% of the top one-third of the trees, 3% of all branches, and 91% of the branches declining due to infection by F. subglutinans were mass-attacked by Ips spp. On pitch canker-infected trees, I. mexicanus attacked cones and stems <1 cm in diameter. Sixty percent of the attacks on logs occurred inside or within 5 cm of the area covered with pitch canker-induced resin. When confined with logs, 45% of I. paraconfusus tunneled in or near pitch canker-induced resinous areas,21% near fresh chisel wounds, and 19% near resinous material produced by the Sequoia pitch moth. Synanthedon sequoiae (Hy. Edwards).

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18

Kohnle, U., J. A. Pajares, J. Bartels, H. Meyer, and W. Francke. "Chemical communication in the European pine engraver,Ips mannsfeldi(Wachtl) (Col., Scolytidae)." Journal of Applied Entomology 115, no. 1-5 (January 12, 1993): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1993.tb00357.x.

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19

Gries, G., W. W. Bowers, R. Gries, M. Noble, and J. H. Borden. "Pheromone production by the pine engraver Ips pini following flight and starvation." Journal of Insect Physiology 36, no. 11 (January 1990): 819–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1910(90)90168-f.

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20

Shepherd, William P., and Richard A. Goyer. "Seasonal Abundance, Arrival and Emergence Patterns of Predaceous Hister Beetles (Coleoptera: Histeridae) Associated with Ips Engraver Beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in Louisiana." Journal of Entomological Science 38, no. 4 (October 1, 2003): 612–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-38.4.612.

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The most common predaceous hister beetles (Coleoptera: Histeridae) found associated with Ips engraver beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in southern Louisiana were Platysoma attenuata LeConte, P. cylindrica (Paykull), P. parallelum (Say), and Plegaderus transversus (Say). The seasonal abundance of histerids caught in flight traps coincided with Ips spp. activity in the area. Histerid adults were initially caught in sticky traps on Ips-infested loblolly pine logs 1 wk after Ips spp. attacks had begun. As a group, histerids emerged from logs in a bimodal pattern with the first peak occurring during Ips spp. emergence and a second 4 wks later. The abundance of P. parallelum and P. transversus indicates that they likely fed on bark beetles and organisms arriving later in the colonization sequence. Visual orientation appeared to play a role in attraction of histerids to logs colonized by bark beetles. Platysoma attenuata preferred vertically-positioned logs to horizontal logs, while P. parallelum was the opposite. These results suggest that some histerids may be visually attracted to horizontal silhouettes, such as pine trees that have been blown down or felled and often are infested by Ips spp. Other hister beetles may prefer vertical silhouettes, such as standing pines, which tend to be colonized by the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann.

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21

Raffa, Kenneth F., and Eugene B. Smalley. "Response of red and jack pines to inoculation with microbial associates of the pine engraver, Ipspini (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 18, no. 5 (May 1, 1988): 581–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x88-084.

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The invasion of Pinusresinosa and Pinusbanksiana by the pine engraver, Ipspini, was simulated by inoculating mature trees with the beetle's fungal symbionts, Ceratocystisips and Ceratocystisnigrocarpa. Trees responded to inoculation by forming necrotic lesions in advance of the fungi and contained the attack. Ceratocystisips induced more extensive lesion formation than did C. nigrocarpa, demonstrating differences in host responses to and (or) virulence of these potential pathogens. Host responses were more extensive to live fungi than to mechanical wounds or killed inoculum, although there were also significant differences between the latter two treatments. Pinusbanksiana responded by forming more extensive lesions than P. resinosa to all treatments.

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22

Miller, Daniel R., and John H. Borden. "Responses of Ips pini (Say), Pityogenes knechteli Swaine and Associated Beetles (Coleoptera) to Host Monoterpenes in Stands of Lodgepole Pine." Journal of Entomological Science 38, no. 4 (October 1, 2003): 602–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-38.4.602.

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We conducted seven experiments in stands of mature lodgepole pine in southern British Columbia to elucidate the role of host volatiles in the semiochemical ecology of the pine engraver, Ips pini (Say) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), with particular reference to the behavioral responses of predators and competing species of bark beetles. Our results demonstrated that the attraction of Ips pini and the bark beetle predators Lasconotus complex LeConte (Colydiidae), Thanasimus undatulus (Say) (Cleridae) and a Corticeus sp. (Tenebrionidae) were increased by 3-carene. In contrast, attraction of the bark beetle Pityogenes knechteli Swaine (Scolytidae) to ipsdienol was interrupted by 3-carene and α-pinene. Attraction of L. complex to ipsdienol was increased by γ-terpinene, a compound attractive to the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins (Scolytidae). Terpinolene interrupted the attraction of I. pini to ipsdienol.

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23

Olatinwo, R., S. Walters, and B. Strom. "Impact ofBeauveria bassiana(Ascomycota: Hypocreales) on the Small Southern Pine Engraver (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in a Loblolly Pine Bolt Assay1." Journal of Entomological Science 53, no. 2 (April 2018): 180–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/jes17-58.1.

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24

Poland, Therese M., and John H. Borden. "SEMIOCHEMICAL-BASED COMMUNICATION IN INTERSPECIFIC INTERACTIONS BETWEEN IPS PINI (SAY) AND PITYOGENES KNECHTELI (SWAINE) (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE) IN LODGEPOLE PINE." Canadian Entomologist 126, no. 2 (April 1994): 269–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent126269-2.

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AbstractThe pine engraver, Ips pini Say, and Pityogenes knechteli Swaine often co-exist in lodgepole pine, Pinus contoita var. latifolia Engelmann. We tested the hypotheses that P. knechteli produces an attractive pheromone and that the attraction of P. knechteli and I. pint to conspecifics is inhibited by the presence of the other species. Pityogenes knechteli males and females were attracted to bolts infested with conspecific males and to bolts infested with I. pini males; however, there was no significant cross-attraction of I. pini males or females to bolts infested with P. knechteli males. Attraction of P. knechteli and I. pint males and females to bolts infested with conspecific males was not inhibited in the presence of bolts infested with males of the other bark beetle species. Pityogenes knechteli has no potential for competitive displacement of I. pini but may enhance the adverse effect of I. pini on the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins.

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25

Dobai, Andras, Senthurran Sivalinghem, Raul N. C. Guedes, and Jayne E. Yack. "Acoustic communication in the pine engraver bark beetle: do signals vary between behavioural contexts?" Physiological Entomology 43, no. 1 (September 20, 2017): 30–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/phen.12222.

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26

Robertson, Ian C., and Bernard D. Roitberg. "Duration of paternal care in pine engraver beetles: why do larger males care less?" Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 43, no. 6 (September 24, 1998): 379–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002650050505.

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27

Domingue, Michael J., William T. Starmer, and Stephen A. Teale. "Genetic Control of the Enantiomeric Composition of Ipsdienol in the Pine Engraver, Ips pini." Journal of Chemical Ecology 32, no. 5 (May 2006): 1005–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10886-006-9042-y.

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28

Martin, Diane, Jörg Bohlmann, Jonathan Gershenzon, Wittko Francke, and Steven J. Seybold. "A novel sex-specific and inducible monoterpene synthase activity associated with a pine bark beetle, the pine engraver, Ips pini." Naturwissenschaften 90, no. 4 (April 2003): 173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00114-003-0410-y.

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29

Hayes, Christopher J., Tom E. DeGomez, Joel D. McMillin, John A. Anhold, and Richard W. Hofstetter. "Factors influencing pine engraver (Ips pini Say) colonization of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex. Laws.) slash in Northern Arizona." Forest Ecology and Management 255, no. 8-9 (May 2008): 3541–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2008.02.037.

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30

Hunt, D. W. A., and J. H. Borden. "Response of mountain pine beetle,Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, and pine engraver,Ips pint (SAY), to ipsdienol in southwestern British Columbia." Journal of Chemical Ecology 14, no. 1 (January 1988): 277–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01022547.

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Lee, Jana C., Mary Louise Flint, and Steven J. Seybold. "Suitability of Pines and Other Conifers as Hosts for the Invasive Mediterranean Pine Engraver (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in North America." Journal of Economic Entomology 101, no. 3 (June 1, 2008): 829–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/101.3.829.

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32

Hayes, Christopher J., Richard W. Hofstetter, Tom E. DeGomez, and Michael R. Wagner. "Effects of sunlight exposure and log size on pine engraver (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) reproduction in ponderosa pine slash in Northern Arizona, U.S.A." Agricultural and Forest Entomology 11, no. 3 (August 2009): 341–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-9563.2009.00433.x.

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33

Hager, Barbara J., and Stephen A. Teale. "The genetic control of pheromone production and response in the pine engraver beetle Ips pini." Heredity 77, no. 1 (July 1996): 100–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1996.112.

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34

Iissemore, Frances M. "Frass clearing by male pine engraver beetles (Ips pini; Scolytidae): paternal care or paternity assurance." Behavioral Ecology 8, no. 3 (1997): 318–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/8.3.318.

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35

Miller, D. R., K. E. Gibson, K. F. Raffa, S. J. Seybold, S. A. Teale, and D. L. Wood. "Geographic Variation in Response of Pine Engraver, Ips pini, and Associated Species to Pheromone, Lanierone." Journal of Chemical Ecology 23, no. 8 (August 1997): 2013–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:joec.0000006486.39056.48.

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36

Hager, Barbara J., and Stephen A. Teale. "Repeatability of female response to ipsdienol enantiomeric mixtures by pine engraver,Ips pini (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)." Journal of Chemical Ecology 20, no. 10 (October 1994): 2611–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02036195.

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37

Ginzel, Matthew D., Jeremy C. Bearfield, Christopher I. Keeling, Colin C. McCormack, Gary J. Blomquist, and Claus Tittiger. "Antennally mediated negative feedback regulation of pheromone production in the pine engraver beetle, Ips pini." Naturwissenschaften 94, no. 1 (November 9, 2006): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00114-006-0158-2.

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38

Hall, Gregory M., Claus Tittiger, Gracie L. Andrews, Grant S. Mastick, Marilyn Kuenzli, Xin Luo, Steven J. Seybold, and Gary J. Blomquist. "Midgut tissue of male pine engraver, Ips pini, synthesizes monoterpenoid pheromone component ipsdienol de novo." Naturwissenschaften 89, no. 2 (January 12, 2002): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00114-001-0290-y.

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39

Poland, Therese M., Deepa S. Pureswaran, Tina M. Ciaramitaro, and John H. Borden. "1-Octen-3-ol is repellent to Ips pini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in the midwestern United States." Canadian Entomologist 141, no. 2 (April 2009): 158–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/n09-002.

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AbstractIn field experiments at three sites in Michigan and Ohio we tested the activity of 1-octen-3-ol in combination with ipsdienol, the aggregation pheromone of the pine engraver, Ips pini (Say). When 1-octen-3-ol was added to funnel traps baited with ipsdienol, significantly fewer beetles of either sex were captured than in traps baited with ipsdienol alone. This result suggests that the compound is potentially repellent and interrupts the response of beetles to their aggregation pheromone, and is consistent with previous reports of its inhibition of aggregation behaviour in other bark beetles.

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40

Gaylord, Monica L., Stephen R. McKelvey, Christopher J. Fettig, and Joel D. McMillin. "Verbenone Inhibits Attraction of Ips pini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to Pheromone-Baited Traps in Northern Arizona." Journal of Economic Entomology 113, no. 6 (September 4, 2020): 3017–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaa192.

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Abstract Recent outbreaks of engraver beetles, Ips spp. De Geer (Coleoptera: Curculionidae; Scolytinae), in ponderosa pine, Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum Engelm. (Pinales: Pinaceae), forests of northern Arizona have resulted in widespread tree mortality. Current treatment options, such as spraying individual P. ponderosa with insecticides or deep watering of P. ponderosa in urban and periurban settings, are limited in applicability and scale. Thinning stands to increase tree vigor is also recommended, but appropriate timing is crucial. Antiaggregation pheromones, widely used to protect high-value trees or areas against attacks by several species of Dendroctonus Erichson (Coleoptera: Curculionidae; Scolytinae), would provide a feasible alternative with less environmental impacts than current treatments. We evaluated the efficacy of the antiaggregation pheromone verbenone (4,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one) in reducing attraction of pine engraver, I. pini (Say), to funnel traps baited with their aggregation pheromone in two trapping assays. Treatments included 1) unbaited control, 2) aggregation pheromone (bait), 3) bait with verbenone deployed from a pouch, and 4) bait with verbenone deployed from a flowable and biodegradable formulation (SPLAT Verb, ISCA Technologies Inc., Riverside, CA). Unbaited traps caught no beetles. In both assays, baited traps caught significantly more I. pini than traps with either formulation of verbenone, and no significant difference was observed between the verbenone pouch and SPLAT Verb. In the second assay, we also examined responses of Temnochila chlorodia (Mannerheim) (Coleoptera: Trogositidae), a common bark beetle predator. Traps containing verbenone pouches caught significantly fewer T. chlorodia than the baited control and SPLAT Verb treatments. We conclude that verbenone shows promise for reducing tree mortality from I. pini.

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Grosman, Donald M., and William W. Upton. "Efficacy of Systemic Insecticides for Protection of Loblolly Pine Against Southern Pine Engraver Beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) and Wood Borers (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)." Journal of Economic Entomology 99, no. 1 (February 1, 2006): 94–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/99.1.94.

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42

Safranyik, L., T. L. Shore, and D. A. Linton. "IPSDIENOL AND LANIERONE INCREASE IPS PINI SAY (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE) ATTACK AND BROOD DENSITY IN LODGEPOLE PINE INFESTED BY MOUNTAIN PINE BEETLE." Canadian Entomologist 128, no. 2 (April 1996): 199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent128199-2.

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AbstractAttack and emergence of the engraver beetles Ips pini Say and I. latidens LeConte were measured in lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia Engelm.) naturally attacked by the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopk., in 1991. Sample trees were baited with the Ips pheromones ipsdienol and lanierone 1 week and 3 weeks after attack by the mountain pine beetle and again the following spring to observe the effects of the timing of bait placement. The densities of attack, egg gallery length, emergence, and hibernation of Ips species were measured. Ips latidens did not attack either the baited or unbaked trees at breast height until the spring of 1992 and the relatively low emergence was not significantly different by treatments. Among the 1991 treatments, the densities at breast height (1.3 m) of I. pini attack, egg gallery length, adult emergence in the fall of 1991, and numbers of hibernating adults in the duff were all highest for the 3-week treatment and lowest for the unbaked treatment. Significantly higher densities of beetles emerged and hibernated in the duff on the north sides of trees. Ips pini emergence in late summer 1992 from trees additionally baited in spring 1992 was significantly higher than for trees baited only in fall 1991. The density and temporal distribution of the emergence of both Ips species is discussed in relation to that of the mountain pine beetle.

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Faccoli, Massimo, Valerio Finozzi, and Fernanda Colombari. "Effectiveness of different trapping protocols for outbreak management of the engraver pine beetleIps acuminatus(Curculionidae, Scolytinae)." International Journal of Pest Management 58, no. 3 (September 2012): 267–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09670874.2011.642824.

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44

Page, Marion, Lori J. Nelson, Gary J. Blomquist, and Steven J. Seybold. "Cuticular Hydrocarbons as Chemotaxonomic Characters of Pine Engraver Beetles (Ips spp.) in the grandicollis Subgeneric Group." Journal of Chemical Ecology 23, no. 4 (April 1997): 1053–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:joec.0000006388.92425.ec.

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45

Raffa, Kenneth F., and Eugene B. Smalley. "Seasonal and long-term responses of host trees to microbial associates of the pine engraver, Ipspini." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 18, no. 12 (December 1, 1988): 1624–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x88-246.

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Within-season responses of Pinusresinosa and Pinusbanksiana to fungi vectored by the pine engraver, Ipspini, are strongly influenced by the month of inoculation. The seasonal pattern is a characteristic of the host-fungus interaction, rather than being indicative of either host-or fungal-specific properties alone. The most consistent trend was that early season inoculation resulted in more rapid lesion formation in sapwood than in phloem and that this difference declined as the growing season progressed. Prior inoculation had no effect on necrotic lesion formation. Inoculated trees were examined for three growing seasons. No significant damage related to treatment occurred to either P. resinosa or P. banksiana during this interval. However, Ceratocystisips persisted in living hosts for a longer period than did Ceratocystisnigrocarpa and showed signs of radial and vertical progression throughout the first and beginning of the second growing season. This was especially true in P. resinosa, the host in which the short-term studies revealed the lower lesion growth rate. There was no lesion formation during the third season. Inoculated fungi could be reisolated from within but not outside the resulting lesion.

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46

Pureswaran, Deepa S., Regine Gries, John H. Borden, and Harold D. Pierce, Jr. "Dynamics of pheromone production and communication in the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, and the pine engraver, Ips pini (Say) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)." Chemoecology 10, no. 4 (December 2000): 153–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/pl00001818.

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47

Riley, M. A., and R. A. Goyer. "SEASONAL ABUNDANCE OF BENEFICIAL INSECTS AND IPS SPP. ENGRAVER BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE) IN FELLED LOBLOLLY AND SLASH PINES IN LOUISIANA1." Journal of Entomological Science 23, no. 4 (October 1, 1988): 357–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-23.4.357.

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Felled loblolly and slash pine trees were infested with Ips calligraphus (Germar) (80.2% of Ips population), I. avulsus (Eichhoff) (11.2%), and I. grandicollis (Eichhoff) (8.2%). A complex of beneficials associated with the Ips spp. broods consisted of 27 known or suspected insect predator species and 10 species of parasites. Predators comprised 98.8% and parasites 1.2% of the total beneficial insects collected. The predators Lonchaea sp. (Diptera: Lonchaeidae), Aulordum spp. (Coleoptera: Colydiidae), staphylinids and histerids (Coleoptera), and Scoloposcelis mississippensis (Drake and Harris) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) comprised 44.7, 6.8, 6.0, and 4.3%, respectively, of the total beneficial insect complex. The most abundant parasite was Roptrocerus eccoptogastri Ratzeburg, which accounted for 37.3% of all parasites but only 0.5% of the total beneficial insect complex. Abundance of both the beneficial insect complex and their Ips hosts was highest in trees felled in May and lowest in trees felled during August, suggesting a possible densitydependent relationship between the beneficials and the Ips spp. populations. Plegaderus sp. was the only species to show consistent preference for host tree, being more abundant in slash pine than on loblolly.

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48

Huber, Dezene P. W., John H. Borden, Nicole L. Jeans-Williams, and Regine Gries. "DIFFERENTIAL BIOACTIVITY OF CONOPHTHORIN ON FOUR SPECIES OF NORTH AMERICAN BARK BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)." Canadian Entomologist 132, no. 5 (October 2000): 649–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent132649-5.

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AbstractThe angiosperm bark volatile, conophthorin, was tested at release rates of 3.0 and 0.3 mg/24 h against the Douglas-fir beetle, Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopkins, the spruce beetle, Dendroctonus rufipennis (Kirby), the pine engraver, Ips pint (Say), and the western balsam bark beetle, Dryocoetes confusus Swaine (all Coleoptera: Scolytidae). The responses of D. pseudotsugae, I. pini, and (in one of two experiments) female D. confusus to attractant-baited traps were disrupted by conophthorin in a dose-dependent manner. Dendroctonus rufipennis was not disrupted by conophthorin. Our results extend the repellent bioactivity of conophthorin to Ips DeGeer spp. and confirm earlier experiments with D. pseudotsugae. Conophthorin may have some utility in protecting susceptible timber from bark beetle attack.

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49

Fettig, Christopher J., Robert R. Borys, Stephen R. McKelvey, and Christopher P. Dabney. "Blacks Mountain Experimental Forest: bark beetle responses to differences in forest structure and the application of prescribed fire in interior ponderosa pineThis article is one of a selection of papers from the Special Forum on Ecological Studies in Interior Ponderosa Pine — First Findings from Blacks Mountain Interdisciplinary Research." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 38, no. 5 (May 2008): 924–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x07-243.

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Mechanical thinning and the application of prescribed fire are commonly used tools in the restoration of fire-adapted forest ecosystems. However, few studies have explored their effects on subsequent amounts of bark beetle caused tree mortality in interior ponderosa pine, Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex P. & C. Laws. var. ponderosa. In this study, we examined bark beetle responses to creation of midseral (low diversity) and late-seral stages (high diversity) and the application of prescribed fire on 12 experimental units ranging in size from 76 to 136 ha. A total of 9500 (5.0% of all trees) Pinus and Abies trees died 2 years after treatment of which 28.8% (2733 trees) was attributed to bark beetle colonization. No significant difference in the mean percentage of trees colonized by bark beetles was found between low diversity and high diversity. The application of prescribed fire resulted in significant increases in bark beetle caused tree mortality (all species) and for western pine beetle, Dendroctonus brevicomis LeConte, mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, Ips spp., and fir engraver, Scolytus ventralis LeConte, individually. Approximately 85.6% (2339 trees) of all bark beetle caused tree mortality occurred on burned split plots. The implications of these and other results to sustainable forest management are discussed.

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Tillman, Julie A., Glenn L. Holbrook, Paul L. Dallara, Coby Schal, David L. Wood, Gary J. Blomquist, and Steven J. Seybold. "Endocrine regulation of de novo aggregation pheromone biosynthesis in the pine engraver, Ips pini (Say) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)." Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 28, no. 9 (September 1998): 705–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0965-1748(97)00117-3.

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