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Journal articles on the topic 'Pioneer children Mormon children'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Maltseva, Anna V., and Marina-Victoriia D. Grudkovskaia. "The dynamics of a small social group: sociometric analysis development of a temporary children’s team." Siberian Socium 4, no. 2 (2020): 90–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.21684/2587-8484-2020-4-2-90-107.

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The article is devoted to a sociometric study of the stages of development of a temporary children’s collective. A comparison of their features in the modern children’s health camp and the Soviet pioneer camp is made. The analysis of stages of development among modern teenagers is based on empirical data collected by Marina-Victoria Grudkovskaya at the children’s health camp in the Leningrad region during the winter shift from 28 December 2018 to 10 January 2019. Data on the processes of collective development in the pioneer camp were obtained from the works of Soviet researchers. The purpose of the study: to determine the independent constants of the stages of social dynamics of temporary children’s groups and their variables determined by the historical period of development of society. In this study, a temporary children’s team is understood as a small social group of adolescent children formed by age and existing during the next shift of 12 to 14 days. The theoretical and methodological basis of the work was structuralism and the theory of sociometry by Jacob Moreno. The empirical object of research: adolescent groups of children, the age of teenagers 14-16 years. Method: the sociometric experiment. Data processing and visualization was performed in the SociometryPro environment. The scientific novelty consists in obtaining new relevant data on the social dynamics of temporary groups of modern teenagers. The development of a temporary children’s collective is also considered taking into account the socio-historical period that determines the socio-cultural and socio-economic conditions of personal development of adolescents. Conclusions are made about the features of functioning, the process of acceptance and evaluation of social roles and behavior. In particular, it is established that the temporary children’s collective goes through constant stages that are repeated in all generations of children, regardless of the historical period of development of society and changing socio-economic and socio-cultural conditions of growing up of new generations. According to the authors, in the future, in the process of studying the social dynamics of a temporary children’s collective, it is advisable to develop names and characteristics of stages of its development that are relevant for modern children, children’s subculture and the sociology of childhood.

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2

Theobald, Paul, and Emmy E. Werner. "Pioneer Children on the Journey West." History of Education Quarterly 36, no. 3 (1996): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/369412.

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3

Riley, Glenda, and Emmy E. Werner. "Pioneer Children on the Journey West." American Historical Review 102, no. 1 (February 1997): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2171398.

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4

Vaschel, Tessa. "God (Sometimes) Loveth His Children." International Review of Qualitative Research 12, no. 2 (May 2019): 198–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/irqr.2019.12.2.198.

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One of the most staunchly conservative Christian sects in the United States, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, or the “Mormon Church” as it is colloquially known, has led the charge in opposition to same-sex marriage for more than 20 years. In this article I use the tools of performative writing and autoethnography to examine how Mormonism and queerness as identities collide and how changing acts result in a changed identity.

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5

Giddings, C. E. B., J. Rimmer, and N. Weir. "Chevalier Jackson: pioneer and protector of children." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 127, no. 7 (May 24, 2013): 638–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215113001084.

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AbstractChevalier Jackson was one of the greatest pioneers of otolaryngology. He was a pioneer of oesophagoscopy, bronchoscopy and the removal of foreign bodies. He changed the mortality rate for an airway foreign body from 98 per cent to a survival rate of 98 per cent. He became distressed by the number of preventable injuries in children from the ingestion of caustic substances, most commonly household lye. His experiences of children with oesophageal stricturing secondary to caustic ingestion moved him to start a campaign to force manufacturers to label all poisonous substances as such. This took him from the American Senate to the House of Representatives and back again; the Federal Caustic Poisons Act (1927) is still enforced today. In a career with over 400 publications, written during exacerbations of his pulmonary tuberculosis, his life story is a remarkable one, only part of which is widely known.

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6

White, O. Kendall, and Armand L. Mauss. "All Abraham's Children: Changing Mormon Concepts of Race and Lineage." Review of Religious Research 45, no. 2 (December 2003): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3512584.

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7

Phillips, Rick. "All Abraham's Children: Changing Mormon Conceptions of Race and Lineage." Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews 33, no. 3 (May 2004): 324–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009430610403300335.

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8

Martins, Marcus H., and Armand L. Mauss. "All Abraham's Children: Changing Mormon Conceptions of Race and Lineage." Sociology of Religion 65, no. 4 (2004): 423. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3712327.

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9

Gooren, Henri. "All Abraham's Children: Changing Mormon Conceptions of Race and Lineage." Exchange 36, no. 4 (2007): 410–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157254307x225070.

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10

Mauss, Armand L. "All Abraham's Children: Changing Mormon Conceptions of Race and Lineage." Nova Religio 10, no. 3 (February 1, 2007): 123–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/nr.2007.10.3.123.

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11

Kent, Stephen A. "A Matter of Principle: Fundamentalist Mormon Polygamy, Children, and Human Rights Debates." Nova Religio 10, no. 1 (August 1, 2006): 7–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/nr.2006.10.1.7.

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ABSTRACT: This article returns to questions involving fundamentalist Mormon polygamy first raised in articles by Martha Bradley and Lori G. Beaman in vol. 8, no. 1 (July 2004) of Nova Religio. While both authors acknowledged the potential for abuses in these communities, Bradley stressed their "effective adaptive strategies" while Beaman concluded that "[f]undamentalist groups, like those in Bountiful [British Columbia], are not perceived as a threat to the Canadian state." In response, this article argues that the fundamentalist Mormon communities of Colorado City and Bountiful have histories of polygamous marriages involving young, often underage teens, and on these grounds alone are maladaptive because they likely commit serious human rights violations against women in general and children in particular.

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12

Mullender, Audrey. "Children Living with Domestic Violence." Adoption & Fostering 20, no. 1 (April 1996): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030857599602000104.

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Until very recently social work and other child care agencies in Britain have paid little, if any, attention to the impact of domestic violence on children. Audrey Mullender — a pioneer of research in this field — argues the need for a radical improvement in agencies' response to domestic violence, based on a general raising of sensitivity and awareness at both worker and agency level. Among the specific areas for development suggested are an emphasis on safety planning with women and children, the need for better links between women's services such as Women's Aid, and child care and child protection agencies, and the promotion of positive and healing work with child survivors of living with abuse.

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13

Kumar, A., S. Dutta, J. Singh, R. Mehta, A. Hooda, and R. Namdev. "Clinical Measurement of Maximal Mouth Opening in Children: A Pioneer Method." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 37, no. 2 (December 1, 2012): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/jcpd.37.2.l17x8227682j5610.

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Objectives: To determine the maximal mouth opening (MMO) in children aged 3 to 5 years from Indian population and to examine the possible influence of age, gender, height and body weight on MMO. Study Design: Assessment of MMO is accomplished with a modified Vernier Caliper by measuring the distance between the incisal edge of upper and lower incisor during maximal mouth opening upto the painless limit. Participants of the study were healthy children selected among regular students from local schools. Age, gender, height and body weight of each child were also recorded at the same time. Results: The results of the present study revealed that MMO in Indian children were 41.61 mm, 44.9 mm and 46.81 mm for boys and 40.09 mm, 44.22 mm and 46.2 mm for girls at age of 3,4 and 5 years respectively. Further significant associations were noted in between age, height, body weight and MMO. However, no gender difference was observed. Conclusion: A definite relationships exist between MMO, age, height and body weight in Indian children with primary dentition.

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14

Baker, S. Josephine. "Dr Joe: Pioneer of Public Health Initiatives for Immigrant Mothers and Children." American Journal of Public Health 96, no. 4 (April 2006): 618–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.96.4.618.

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15

Kenrick, Jenny. "Melanie Klein revisited: pioneer and revolutionary in the psychoanalysis of young children." Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy 32, no. 1 (December 18, 2017): 87–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02668734.2017.1407200.

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16

Purdy, Kate. "Melanie Klein revisited: pioneer and revolutionary in the psychoanalysis of young children." Journal of Child Psychotherapy 44, no. 2 (May 4, 2018): 291–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0075417x.2018.1501721.

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17

ORLOVA, L. N. "THE HISTORY OF THE PIONEER ORGANIZATION FORMATION IN THE COUNTRYSIDE IN THE MID-TWENTIES OF THE 20th CENTURY." JOURNAL OF PUBLIC AND MUNICIPAL ADMINISTRATION 9, no. 4 (2020): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2225-8272-2020-9-4-171-180.

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The main purpose of the article is to analyze the history of the pioneer organization formation in the countryside during the mid-twenties of the twentieth century. The author examines individual issues of the pioneer organization formation in the countryside in the mid-twenties of the twentieth century. The materials of congresses, plenums, conferences of the RLKSM on solving problems of work in the countryside are analyzed. The materials of the study of peasant children parents’ opinions of that time on the issue of joining the pioneer organization are presented. The main directions of this work are considered, including the dissemination of elementary agronomic knowledge among children, participation in the re-election of village councils, the organization of children's leisure, the protection of the economic interests of young farm laborers.

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18

Kerber-Ganse, Waltraut. "Eglantyne Jebb – A Pioneer of the Convention on the Rights of the Child." International Journal of Children’s Rights 23, no. 2 (June 9, 2015): 272–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718182-02302003.

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The efforts relating to the universal recognition of human rights of children are closely linked with the name of Eglantyne Jebb, who in 1924 convinced the governments assembled in the League of Nations to adopt a first document on children’s rights: “The Declaration of Geneva”. Children’s rights activists have often interpreted this declaration as a charity appeal and not a codification of rights. This article describes how Eglantyne Jebb’s thinking evolved about children and what mankind owes her. The dimensions of the work of the funds, which she founded and directed, the Save the Children Fund in Great Britain 1919 and the Save the Children International Union 1920, progressively showed her that charity is not enough and worldwide cooperation of governments is urgently required to establish structures and provisions to which children are entitled.

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19

Lee, Yanghee, and Byungsoo Jung. "Bang Jung Whan – The Korean Pioneer of Children’s Rights." International Journal of Children’s Rights 23, no. 2 (June 9, 2015): 261–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718182-02302002.

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Almost a century ago, when the international community was becoming aware of the importance of children and the concept of children’s rights, a visionary pioneer from Korea also initiated a children’s movement. The concept of children’s rights is commonly believed to be a Western concept. But Bang Jung Whan was also advocating for the realisation of what the contemporary international community is still grappling with. This article introduces Bang Jung Whan (1899–1931) who is better known in Korea for his work in children’s literature. Respect for the human dignity of children characterises his philosophical foundation. This article examines Bang Jung Whan’s contribution to children’s rights. Links will be made to the Convention on the Rights of the Child.

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20

Magrab, Phyllis R. "Pioneer in Pediatric Psychology: Echoing the Voices of Children: A Journey Through Pediatric Psychology*." Journal of Pediatric Psychology 38, no. 1 (May 16, 2012): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jss068.

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21

Smith, Tristram, and Svein Eikeseth. "O. Ivar Lovaas: Pioneer of Applied Behavior Analysis and Intervention for Children with Autism." Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 41, no. 3 (December 14, 2010): 375–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1162-0.

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22

Ellis, Harold. "Dame Agnes Hunt: Pioneer of Orthopaedic Nursing." Journal of Perioperative Practice 18, no. 11 (November 2008): 510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/175045890801801107.

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As a young surgeon in the early 1950s, I trained in various orthopaedic units. Much of the work was concerned with children and young adults suffering from two devastating diseases: tuberculosis and poliomyelitis. These were to vanish almost entirely from our hospitals soon afterwards, thanks to Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), antibiotics and the polio vaccines. However, the dedicated nursing that long term orthopaedic patients of today still require –those with congenital deformities, spinal injuries, multiple traumas and so on – owes much to the teaching of Agnes Hunt, pioneer of orthopaedic care.

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23

De Cat, Cecile, Arief Gusnanto, and Ludovica Serratrice. "IDENTIFYING A THRESHOLD FOR THE EXECUTIVE FUNCTION ADVANTAGE IN BILINGUAL CHILDREN." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 40, no. 1 (February 13, 2017): 119–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263116000486.

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The literature exploring the executive function correlates of bilingualism is vast, but to date, few studies have concentrated on children, for whom the bilingual advantage appears even more inconsistent than for adults. We investigate a highly heterogeneous group of children (in terms of bilingual experience and socioeconomic status) and identify the critical threshold of bilingual experience from which an advantage can be observed at group level. The modeling methods adopted allow the use of fine-grained, continuous factors for age and socioeconomic status, thereby effectively controlling for their effect and isolating the specific effect of bilingual experience. We pioneer the use of Cox Proportional Hazard regression to analyze performance in the Simon task. This allows the modeling ofalldata points without transformation or outlier removal, and captures both accuracy and reaction time within the same analysis, while being able to handle multiple predictor variables.

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24

Agoestyowati, Redjeki. "BRANDING SERIAL KKPK: TINJAUAN PADA MINAT LITERASI ANAK-ANAK." Majalah Ilmiah Bijak 14, no. 1 (February 27, 2018): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31334/bijak.v14i1.60.

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Based on the results of a survey of literacy index published by Central Connecticut State of the University (CCSU) in March 2016 showed from 61 countries surveyed, Indonesia's literacy rankings are in the 60th sequence. The research also assessed the reading assessment score for children under the age of 18 , as quoted from page CCSU.edu (accessed 4/6/2017) shows that the ability of Indonesian children to understand the reading is also very low.Children's literacy skills can be very high. That means, the family and the form of early childhood education have a very big influence on the high-low literacy ability of a child.The publisher of Mizan through KKPK / Kecil-Kecil Punya Karya, is a pioneer of quality reading books written by Indonesian children. In KKPK's book, the writings published are children's writing from 7-12 years old, which also corresponds to a focused market share. Based on the point of view, the purpose of this study is to examine the branding of KPPK in the perspective of increasing the interest of children literacy. From the study of literature research methods conducted by the author, it is concluded that Dar Mizan Publisher through KKPK book has made a strong branding as a pioneer of book publishers that provides a container for children to publish their writing visually. The opportunity to write visual works is support for one's literacy skills, especially children. In this case, Dar Mizan Publisher, through KKPK book has increased interest and literacy ability of children. KKPK has become a medium to improve the literacy ability of children with earlier.

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25

Southcott, Jane. "A Music Education Pioneer – Dr Satis Naronna Barton Coleman." British Journal of Music Education 7, no. 2 (July 1990): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265051700007622.

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The work of American music educator Satis Coleman is little known. In the first half of this century she devised a music education programme that led children through music instrument making and playing, singing, moving and creating to develop a ‘seeking attitude’ to music and to life. Many of her ideas are pertinent today and her work seems, in many respects, far ahead of its time.

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26

Wybenga, G. "M.E.R. – 'Reg op ereplek' as kinderboekskrywer." Literator 25, no. 3 (July 31, 2004): 43–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v25i3.264.

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M.E.R. – 'The right to a place of honour' as the author of children’s books A recognition of M.E.R.’s writing developed late in her career. One of the reasons for this was most probably that she was almost exclusively involved in writing for children in the 1920s and early 1930s. Her many publications for children included not only “Kinders van die Voortrek” and the well-known “Karlien en Kandas”, but many more. It was only in the late 1940s after she had published books for adults that she received recognition for her work – which did not happen in the case of her earlier children’s books. Although she is at present regarded as a pioneer of children’s literature, these books have still not been accepted as part of the canon. This article attempts to indicate why she is considered a pioneer by situating her work in the literary context of the time. By analysing the individual books for children as texts in their own right, the article demonstates that dichotomising her work into literature for children and literature for adults is not justified. From the onset till the end of her career M.E.R.’s publications form one continuous oeuvre. The same trends observable in her early work for children are present in the later work for adults.

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27

Brian Q. Cannon. "“To Buy Up the Lamanite Children as Fast as They Could”: Indentured Servitude and Its Legacy in Mormon Society." Journal of Mormon History 44, no. 2 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/jmormhist.44.2.0001.

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28

Kozlova, Anna. "Why pioneer camps survived the collapse of the Soviet Union." Journal of Modern European History 19, no. 3 (July 7, 2021): 323–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16118944211018684.

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The article analyses the survival of the children’s centres, Artek and Orlyonok, during the post-socialist transformation. It is based on 50 interviews with employees who worked there starting in the late-Soviet era. Artek and Orlyonok were exemplary children’s camps, subordinated to the Central Committee of the Komsomol. Since the early 1960s, they have functioned as schools for distinguished teenagers who were considered ‘good examples’ for other children. In this article, I have made an ethnographic analysis of Artek and Orlyonok employees’ late-Soviet experiences. This analysis shows how the agency of Soviet counsellors and camp directors became a creative interpretation of the governmental order to raise the children as active Soviet citizens. Camp educators transformed it in line with the idea to base their agency on ‘common human values’, which was spread in the Soviet educational field in the post-Stalin era. As a result, the Soviet teaching experiences gained in these education centres were heterogeneous. When a child-centred paradigm was later introduced to the post-Soviet educational system, the camps adopted the most applicable practices from their Soviet experiences.

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29

Driscoll, MaryKate, Hyun Kee Chung, and Manisha S. Desai. "Robert Emmett Farr (1875–1932): A pioneer of pediatric regional anesthesia." Journal of Medical Biography 26, no. 3 (July 13, 2016): 182–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0967772016644362.

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Surgeons influence the introduction and development of anesthesia in many ways. Robert Emmett Farr is frequently cited as the first to describe the use of brachial plexus anesthesia in children. A surgeon based in Minneapolis, Minnesota, he passionately believed that regional anesthesia was superior to general anesthesia for many surgical procedures. He wrote extensively promoting other regional techniques, including local infiltration of local anesthetics for pyloromyotomy and harelip repairs, as well as caudal blocks for lower abdominal procedures. Anesthesia texts from the early 1900’s suggest that regional anesthesia was not popular as a reliable alternative to general anesthesia. Undeterred, Farr continued promoting his view that regional anesthesia was the future of surgery. We examine how Farr promoted regional anesthesia in children and adults, in a way changing surgical practice and improving clinical care. We also hope to highlight the other contributions to medicine made by this pioneer.

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30

Grzybowski, Romuald. "Cele ideowe i struktura organizacyjna Wszechzwiązkowej Organizacji Pionierskiej imienia W.I. Lenina oraz jej miejsce w systemie wychowanie nowego człowieka (homo sovieticus)." Biuletyn Historii Wychowania, no. 37 (December 15, 2017): 63–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/bhw.2017.37.5.

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One of the characteristics of the second half of the 19th and 20th centuries was the tendency of young people to gather in youth associations and organisations. Some of these were created spontaneously and their activities were illegal, while others were created by the authorities of particular states, especially totalitarian ones. One example of such an organisation was the All-Union Pioneer Organisation, established by the leaders of the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia in 1922. Its strategic goal was to participate in the education of the new man, who was to become homo sovieticus, a higher variety of homo sapiens, in the future. The Pioneer Organisation fulfilled this task by organising children of school age (aged 9 to 14) and subjecting them to a systematic ideological and political training based on the Leninist or Stalinist model. The activities of the Pioneer Organisation were supervised by the Komsomol and additionally by the leadership of the communist party ruling the USSR. The structure of the Pioneer Organisation included groups, packs and cells. Like the Komsomol, the Pioneer Organisation also had its symbols, such as the threepointed red scarf that symbolised three generations: communists, komsomolets and pioneers, as well as a pioneer badge, a pioneer salute, a uniform, bugles and a snare drum.

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31

Martinerie, L., A. Condat, A. Bargiacchi, C. Bremont-Weill, M. C. de Vries, and S. E. Hannema. "MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Approach to the management of children and adolescents with Gender Dysphoria." European Journal of Endocrinology 179, no. 5 (November 2018): R219—R237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-18-0227.

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Over the past 20 years, the care for transgender adolescents has developed throughout many countries following the ‘Dutch Approach’ initiated in the 90s in pioneer countries as the Netherlands, United States and Canada, with increasing numbers of children and adolescents seeking care in transgender clinics. This medical approach has considerable positive impacts on the psychological outcomes of these adolescents, and several studies have been recently published underlining the relative safety of such treatments. This paper reviews the current standards of care for transgender children and adolescents with particular emphasis on disparities among countries and short-to-medium-term outcomes. Finally, it highlights ethical considerations regarding categorization of gender dysphoria, timing of treatment initiation, infertility and how to deal with the long-term consequences.

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32

Cunningham, Jacqueline L. "Contributions to the History of Psychology: XLVI. The Pioneer Work of Alfred Binet on Children as Eyewitnesses." Psychological Reports 62, no. 1 (February 1988): 271–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1988.62.1.271.

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The pioneer work of Alfred Binet (1857–1911) on eyewitness testimony (1900) often is cited today in support for a traditional view of the extreme suggestibility of children. Binet, on the other hand, interpreted his findings as showing that suggestibility is not a static trait among children but rather is a function of cognitive and social factors associated with attempts to influence during interrogation. Ironically, those conclusions made nearly 90 years ago are mirrored in modern conceptualizations of the nature of children's suggestibility. In light of renewed interest in historical work on this topic, this paper provides general information about Binet's La suggestibilité (1900) and of some reactions surrounding its publication.

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33

Nakamichi, Masayuki. "Professor Masao Kawai, a pioneer and leading scholar in primatology and writer of animal stories for children." Primates 62, no. 5 (August 24, 2021): 677–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10329-021-00938-2.

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34

Pennegård, Ann Marie, and Anne Franzén. "The Convention on the Rights of the Child from a Swedish Perspective." International Journal of Legal Information 25, no. 1-3 (1997): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0731126500008131.

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A little more than seventy years ago a pioneer for children's rights in England, displayed pictures of starving children in other parts of Europe damaged by the war. She was arrested for obscenity. However, people rallied to her support and an international movement for children's rights began to take shape.This new movement drafted the Declaration on the Rights of the Child which was adopted by the Assembly of the League of Nations in 1924. The first step towards international norms for the protection of children had been taken. The declaration only contained five principles of which the most important said that children should be the first to receive aid in case of an emergency situation.

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35

Woltanowski, Piotr, Andrzej Wincewicz, and Stanisław Sulkowski. "Protection of Children’s Human Rights and Health: A Legacy of Julian Kramsztyk, Janusz Korczak, and Ludwik Rajchman." Global Pediatric Health 5 (January 1, 2018): 2333794X1775415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2333794x17754157.

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Tutor of generations of Warsaw medical doctors, Julian Kramsztyk (1851-1926) was son of Rabbi Izaak Kramsztyk, Polish patriot and fighter for independent Poland. Julian Kramsztyk graduated in medicine from Warsaw University in 1873 to soon work as a supervisor of the Internal Diseases Department of Bersohns and Baumans Children’s Hospital from 1878 to 1910, and despite of refusing professorship from Imperial Warsaw University, he worked as a lecturer of pediatric disorders from 1880 with strong association of his medical practice with scientific and editorial tasks as well as engaging in charity. This article focuses on selective retrieval of biographical data of social and scientific achievements of followers of Julian Kramsztyk: his student, pioneer of children human rights, and pioneer of healthy patterns of nutrition of children, pediatrician Janusz Korczak (Henryk Goldszmit; 1878 or 1879-1942); and a skilled bacteriologist and a brilliant epidemiologist who was a prominent activist of the League of Nations (later United Nations Organization), cofounder of the UNICEF (United Nations Children’s Emergency Fund), and the first chairman of the Organization from 1946 to 1950, which was primarily dedicated to “provide emergency food and health care to children in postwar time,” Ludwik Rajchman (1881-1965). Janusz Korczak works laid foundation for international recognition of children rights to health, respect, education, privacy, and all the other human rights to be included in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC). In 1989, nutrition and vaccination issues were the main medical interests of these medical doctors and still remain major fields of UNICEF actions.

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MINTZ, STEVEN. "Heavy Burdens on Small Shoulders: The Labour of Pioneer Children on the Canadian Prairies by Sandra Rollings-Magnusson." Gender & History 22, no. 2 (July 13, 2010): 512–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0424.2010.01602_34.x.

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37

Webster, Susan M. "Children and young people in out-of-home care: canaries in the coal mine of healthcare commissioning." Australian Journal of Primary Health 22, no. 1 (2016): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py15040.

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Australian Primary Health Networks could pioneer local health service reform for children and young people living in out-of-home care. Significant maltreatment, the leading cause of placement of 0–17-year-olds under the protective canopy of foster, kinship and residential care (described collectively as out-of-home care) left more than 50000 children vulnerable to poor health outcomes in 2013–14. Opportunistic health care is inadequate to meet the chronic and complex health needs of maltreated children. This article reviews some critical lessons from English commissioning and US healthcare marketplace reforms in an attempt to better meet the needs of children and young people in out-of-home care. It identifies key questions that Australian Primary Health Networks would need to resolve if they were to follow overseas trends and adopt health service commissioning as a means to provide more effective and efficient health care for this at-risk population.

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ORLOVA, L. N. "HISTORY OF THE MASS DEFENSE WORK DEVELOPMENT IN THE PIONEER ORGANIZATION IN THE 30S OF THE XX CENTURY." JOURNAL OF PUBLIC AND MUNICIPAL ADMINISTRATION 10, no. 2 (2021): 144–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2225-8272-2021-10-2-144-152.

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The purpose of the study is to study the organization of mass defense work in the pioneer or-ganization in the 30s of the XX centuries. The materials of the Komsomol congresses, the Central Committee of the Komsomol Plenums, the Central Council of the pioneer organization named after V.I. Lenin on solving problems in the field of mass defense, patriotic work among children and youth during the aggravation of the international situation are analyzed. The main directions of this work are considered, among which are conducting military and military-physical culture games, competitions, passing standards for badges: «Ready for Labor and Defense», «Young Voroshilovsky shooter», «Ready for Sanitary Defense», etc., organization of mass defense circles of various orientations, patronage work of Red Army units on schools.

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Petrović Todosijević, Sanja. "Pionirski grad u Zagrebu pedesetih godina 20. veka: laboratorija socijalističkog detinjstva." Tokovi istorije 29, no. 1 (April 29, 2021): 191–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.31212/tokovi.2021.1.pet.191-214.

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This paper attempts to underline the role that the Pioneer Town in Zagreb played in the process of establishing a new educational policy in Yugoslavia proclaimed at the Third Plenum of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia in December 1949. This reform was carried out during the following decade, culminating in the General Law on Education in 1958. The Pioneer Town in Zagreb, with its elementary school as the central object, “simulated” a school of the future which was supposed to become not only a role model for the standard Yugoslav school, but also the initiator of the important social processes with the aim of placing children - one of the most numerous social groups - at the center of political and social attention.

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Kashif, Muhammad, Mubashir Ayyaz, and Sara Basharat. "TV food advertising aimed at children: qualitative study of Pakistani fathers’ views." Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics 26, no. 4 (September 2, 2014): 647–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/apjml-04-2014-0063.

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Purpose – There is plethora of advertising research that has highlighted the mothers’ perspective to TV food advertising. However, the fathers’ perspective on children food advertising in societies that score high on masculinity is important but absent from literature. The purpose of this paper is to present opinions of respondents as fathers, concerning the impact of TV food advertisements on children buying and consumption habits. Design/methodology/approach – The qualitative data through semi-structured interviews has been collected from 32 males having at least one child between the ages of seven and 14 years. The respondents were purposefully selected from a private sector university located in the province of Punjab, Pakistan. The collected data have been analysed through thematic analysis. Findings – Thematic analysis revealed six themes; quantity of ads, negative impact of TV food ads, changing buying patterns, positive/productive impact on children, father's perceptions of TV advertising, and advertising changes to be incorporated. The findings have some social, cultural, and managerial implications for core advertising stakeholders. Practical implications – This study is useful for marketing managers whose job is to persuade children and their families into buying their products. They can benefit from the findings of this study to customize the brand communication strategies as per the expectations of respondents as fathers. Furthermore, the study proposes useful insights that will help in devising consumer-led advertising policies in Pakistan. Originality/value – The gender role of males while influencing family decision making with regards to food products marketing has been a new area of research. The study is pioneer in the field of consumer socialization in that it focuses upon the fathers’ perspective on TV advertising to children.

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Chung, Soojin. "Mother of Transracial Adoption: Pearl Buck's Special Needs Adoption and American Self-criticism." Studies in World Christianity 25, no. 3 (December 2019): 345–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/swc.2019.0271.

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In 1949, Pearl Sydenstricker Buck founded Welcome House, the first transracial and transnational adoption agency in the country, marking the beginning of the transnational adoption of mixed-race ‘Amerasian’ children. Contrary to the prevailing understanding that her humanitarian advocacy was a political act that promoted American global hegemony during the Cold War period, this article argues that her humanitarian work was motivated primarily by three forces: (1) her sense of American political and moral responsibility, (2) her desire for personal connection and motherhood, and (3) her mission of global friendship and unity. Buck actively fought racism in America, advocating the adoption of mixed-race Asian children and children with disabilities. Unlike evangelical agencies that catered to a conservative Christian audience, Pearl Buck normalised the notion of transracial adoption across America through her potent prose. This study examines her work in the context of the rise of Protestant liberalism, accentuating her role as the pioneer of the transracial and transnational adoption of Amerasian children and demonstrating that her ideology was congruent with her lifetime motto of human solidarity and anti-racism.

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Michael, Kuhn. "The Image of Late Soviet Pioneer Camp in Russian Mass Culture Works of the 2010s." Humanitarian Vector 15, no. 5 (October 2020): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/1996-7853-2020-15-5-85-93.

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During the first two decades of the 21st century, an increasing interest of Russian policymakers towards the Soviet past can be recorded, which is reflected in the modern Russian mass culture (movies, literature, music) providing more and more often a fruitful approach to reappraise the role of pioneer camps in the Soviet Union to its people. Based on an example of two significant mass culture products of the 2010s with different languages ‒ Aleksandr Karpilovskiy’s movie “Private Word of a Pioneer 2“ (2015) (rus. “Chastnoe pionerskoe. Ura kanikuly!!!”) and the novel “Food Block“ (2018) (rus. “Pishcheblok”) by Aleksey Ivanov, this article for the first time illustrates the image of two late Soviet pioneer camps “Youth” (1979) and “The Stormy Petrel” (1980) and gives analysis of their features with the help of descriptive-functional and comparative research methods. As a result, the semantics shows that one pioneer camp is a safe place for everyone and another one poses risks and it is more dangerous to be within the camp than outside. While in the “Youth” camp, the teaching staff devotes much attention to health promotion and cultural development of young pioneers, the main purpose of “The Stormy Petrel” is the ideological education. In both cases, we see educational formalism in the work of educators. Children and teenagers of the late Soviet era are seemingly burdened with playing young Leninists. The protagonist in the movie puts his personal goals far above the public interests in his personal hierarchy. By contrast, the protagonist of the novel is seeking for a true community in the pioneer camp and causes rejection and misunderstanding by others. In both late Soviet camps, the value of pioneer attributes (ties and badges) is noticeably decreased. In “Stormy Petrel”, their meaning is even audaciously perverted. Unreserved nostalgia for childhood, dominating in two works, does not prevent their creators to a greater (novel) or lesser (movie) extent to make a critical assessment of the late Soviet pioneer camps. Keywords: Soviet pioneer camp, A. Karpilovskiy “Private Word of a Pioneer 2”, A. Ivanov “Food Block”, late Soviet era, nostalgia, criticism

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Kozlova, Anna. "How to Raise an Independent Soviet Citizen? Pedagogic Technologies of the Exemplary Pioneer Camps Artek and Orlyonok (1957–1991)." Antropologicheskij forum 16, no. 45 (2020): 75–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.31250/1815-8870-2020-16-45-75-115.

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The article discusses attempts to actualize the popular idea of the Soviet child as an active and autonomous subject; specifically, the way this project was realized by counselors and content developers of Artek and Orlyonok, exemplary camps of the USSR, in the 1960–1980s. The study is based on archival documents and retrospective interviews with employees of these children’s centers. The article investigates the reasons that led the ideologists of the Komsomol Central Committee to transform the health facility (where the actions of children were regulated by a strict regime) into a school for so-called pioneers and Komsomol activists (i.e. creative and initiative children) in 1957. Moreover, the reflections of tutors on the methods of implementing this task in the conditions of an “overorganized” institutional order are analyzed. Attention is drawn to the fact that the technology developed in the late Soviet era for raising “self-sufficiency and initiative” in children (triggered by the request of the Komsomol Central Committee) began, over time, to be interpreted by former Artek and Orlyonok employees as a grassroots innovative child-centred approach, defined as radically different from the Soviet pedagogical tradition. To explain the conflict between the appointment of state order and its perception, the article employs the theory of “strategies” and “tactics” developed by Michel de Certeau.

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Offit, P. A. "Calming a Parent's Vaccine Fears." Epidemiology and Vaccine Prevention 15, no. 4 (August 20, 2016): 100–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2016-15-4-100-101.

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P.A. Offit - Head of Infectious Diseases at the Children 's Hospital of Philadelphia, leading advocate and has done more for promoting vaccination than anybody else I know in the world. He has been a staunch advocate of helping kids receive necessary vaccines and has been a pioneer himself in vaccine research. In an interview, Dr. Offit explain what can be done to calm parents who are worried and hear such things as, «My child got sick after a vaccination»?

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Magliari, Michael F. "Free State Slavery: Bound Indian Labor and Slave Trafficking in California's Sacramento Valley, 1850–1864." Pacific Historical Review 81, no. 2 (May 1, 2012): 155–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2012.81.2.155.

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Although it outlawed chattel slavery, antebellum California permitted the virtual enslavement of Native Americans under the 1850 Act for the Government and Protection of Indians. Drawing data from a rare and valuable cache of Indian indenture records at the Colusa County courthouse and interpreting them through the lens of Henry Bailey's candid pioneer memoir, this article offers a detailed case study of bound Native American labor and Indian slave trafficking in Northern California's Sacramento Valley. While never comprising a majority of the state's rural work force, bound Indian laborers proved essential to California's rise as a major agricultural producer. Compensating for the dearth of white women and children in male-dominated Gold Rush society and providing a vital alternative source of labor in an expensive free wage market, captive Indian farm hands and domestic servants enabled pioneer farm operations and communities to flourish throughout the formative 1850s and 1860s.

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Dowd, Diane. "Through the Eyes of Laura Ingalls Wilder." Teaching Children Mathematics 13, no. 4 (November 2006): 204–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/tcm.13.4.0204.

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Laura Ingalls Wilder's purpose in writing the Little House books was to record—for children in the twentieth century and beyond—the day–to–day experiences of a girl growing up in the pioneer period of our country's history. Wilder's books teach us about her family's history and our country's history through the eyes of a young girl growing into adulthood. Her stories also provide delightful glimpses into her young mind's conceptualization of aspects of living that are mathematical in nature.

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Braz, Albany, and Maria Cristina Martoni Andrade. "Transsphinctericanorectal reconstruction of ambiguous genitalia: an innovative approach to neovaginoplasty, pioneer in Brazil." Sao Paulo Medical Journal 113, no. 6 (December 1995): 1022–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-31801995000600005.

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The authors, based upon previous experience in the treatment of ten children with cloacal abnormalities, among which two with female pseudohermaphroditism with cloaca, hereby present a pioneer experience in Brazil, with the "posterior sagittal transsphinctericanorectalurethrovaginoplasty" a surgical approach to neovaginoplasty described by "Cripps/Peña", which was utilized for the reconstruction of the genitalia of three intersexuated adolescents with protective colostomy, who presented an urogenital sinus, high vaginal implantation and a normal rectum. One patient was an adrenal female pseudohermaphrodite and two were male pseudohermaphrodites. The authors present a brief report on the three cases, describe the surgical procedure, relate on the anatomy of the urogenital sinus and discuss surgical indications, diagnosis and results, comparing them to the reviewed international literature.

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Barlow, Philip. "Armand Mauss, . All Abraham’s Children: Changing Mormon Conceptions of Race and Lineage. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2003. xvi+343 pp. $36.95 (cloth)." Journal of Religion 85, no. 2 (April 2005): 313–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/430541.

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STANFORD, JOSEPH B., and KEN R. SMITH. "MARITAL FERTILITY AND INCOME: MODERATING EFFECTS OF THE CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS RELIGION IN UTAH." Journal of Biosocial Science 45, no. 2 (October 15, 2012): 239–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002193201200065x.

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SummaryUtah has the highest total fertility of any state in the United States and also the highest proportion of population affiliated with the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (the LDS or Mormon Church). Data were used from the 1996 Utah Health Status Survey to investigate how annual household income, education and affiliation with the LDS Church affect fertility (children ever born) for married women in Utah. Younger age and higher education were negatively correlated with fertility in the sample as a whole and among non-LDS respondents. Income was negatively associated with fertility among non-LDS respondents. However, income was positively correlated with fertility among LDS respondents. This association persisted when instrumental variables were used to address the potential simultaneous equations bias arising from the potential endogeneity of income and fertility. The LDS religion's pronatalist stance probably encourages childbearing among those with higher income.

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Philippovsky, Herman U. "TWO CONCEPTIONS OF CHILDHOOD IN EUROPEAN AND RUSSIAN POETRY OF XVIII–XIX C." Verhnevolzhski Philological Bulletin 22, no. 3 (2020): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.20323/2499-9679-2020-3-22-8-17.

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G. R. Derzhavin with his famous Ode on the birth of a future Emperor 1779 became in the Russian poetry of a new epoch the pioneer of Childhood and children theme. The poet except the rossoist topic of Childhood as clear headsprings innovatively revealed a different concept of Childhood as a School (educational) in the episode of fairies gifts who give a child – a future tsar both exceptional abilities and knowledge. Derzhavin outstripped an English poet W. Blake who also touched upon the topic of Childhood and children in his poetic cycles of 1789–1794. The article also discusses the motif of Childhood and children on the material of English (W. Blake and W. Wordsworth) and Russian (N. A. Neckrasov) poetry of the XX c. W. Blake’s cycles («The songs of virginity» (1789) and «The songs of experience» (1794) as well as W. Wordsworth’s cycles «Preludes» and his «Ode.News on immortality coming from early childhood memories» (1803–1807) give the images of children and childhood in the context of nature as a leading principle of Romanticism: a child with his initial natural piety as a real headspring of a man – a pure angel but a sage already. In the Russian poetry of the XIX c. N. A. Neckrasov as well as W.Blake and W. Wordsworth in England turned to the images and motifs of children and Childhood through his whole literary biography («Childhood», «On the Volga. Valezhnikov’s childhood», «A schoolboy» and so on).

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