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Journal articles on the topic 'Pipeline Maintenance'
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1
Mahmoodzadeh, Zahra, Keo-Yuan Wu, Enrique Lopez Droguett, and Ali Mosleh. "Condition-Based Maintenance with Reinforcement Learning for Dry Gas Pipeline Subject to Internal Corrosion." Sensors 20, no. 19 (October 7, 2020): 5708. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20195708.
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Gas pipeline systems are one of the largest energy infrastructures in the world and are known to be very efficient and reliable. However, this does not mean they are prone to no risk. Corrosion is a significant problem in gas pipelines that imposes large risks such as ruptures and leakage to the environment and the pipeline system. Therefore, various maintenance actions are performed routinely to ensure the integrity of the pipelines. The costs of the corrosion-related maintenance actions are a significant portion of the pipeline’s operation and maintenance costs, and minimizing this large cost is a highly compelling subject that has been addressed by many studies. In this paper, we investigate the benefits of applying reinforcement learning (RL) techniques to the corrosion-related maintenance management of dry gas pipelines. We first address the rising need for a simulated testbed by proposing a test bench that models corrosion degradation while interacting with the maintenance decision-maker within the RL environment. Second, we propose a condition-based maintenance management approach that leverages a data-driven RL decision-making methodology. An RL maintenance scheduler is applied to the proposed test bench, and the results show that applying the proposed condition-based maintenance management technique can reduce up to 58% of the maintenance costs compared to a periodic maintenance policy while securing pipeline reliability.
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Lu, Duhui, Guangpei Cong, and Bing Li. "A New Risk-based Excavation Inspection Decision-making for Long-distance Pipelines." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2287, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 012042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2287/1/012042.
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Abstract With the number of long-distance pipelines increasing in China,the excavation inspection and maintenance is the most important means to avoid the leakage of pipeline. However, the current excavation and maintenance decision-making models are absent to make satisfying results based on the comprehensive data of pipeline. To address this problem, a new quantitative risk-based model is proposed to guide decision-making on excavation inspection and maintenance. Based on previous failure cases, the model includes data about the surrounding soils as well as about the pipeline’s protective layer, cathodic protection and thickness readings. Case of the proposed model on previous failure cases shows that the new model can correctly predict a rational excavation inspection and maintenance span for a long-distance pipeline during its whole service life.
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Zhang, Peng, Guojin Qin, and Yihuan Wang. "Optimal Maintenance Decision Method for Urban Gas Pipelines Based on as Low as Reasonably Practicable Principle." Sustainability 11, no. 1 (December 28, 2018): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11010153.
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In the transportation process of urban gas pipelines, there are various uncontrollable risks and uncertainties possibly leading to the failure of gas pipelines and thereby serious consequences, such as city gas shutdown, nearby casualties, and environmental pollution. To avoid these hazards, numerous studies have been performed in identifying and evaluating the occurrence of risks and uncertainties to pipelines. However, discussions on risk reduction and other maintenance work are scarce; therefore, a scientific method to guide decision making is non-existent, thereby resulting in excessive investment in maintenance and reduced maintenance cost of other infrastructures. Therefore, the as low as reasonably practicable (ALARP) principle combined with optimization theory is used to discuss pipeline maintenance decision-making methods in unacceptable regions and ALARP regions. This paper focuses on the analysis of pipeline risk reduction in the ALARP region and proposes three optimization decision models. The case study shows that maintenance decision making should consider the comprehensive impact of maintenance cost to reduce risk and loss cost caused by pipeline failure, and that the further cost–benefit analysis of measures should be performed. The proposed pipeline maintenance decision-making method is an economical method for pipeline operators to make risk decisions under the premise of pipeline safety, which can improve the effectiveness of the use of maintenance resources.
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Telman Shahlarli, Telman Shahlarli. "MANAGING TECHNOLOGY IN OIL PIPELINES INDUSTRY." PAHTEI-Procedings of Azerbaijan High Technical Educational Institutions 07, no. 03 (May 25, 2021): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/0703202160.
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This study identifies a few technology management issues of operating oil pipelines in oil industry and suggests an analytical framework to resolve those. This study focuses on the pipeline system design, pipeline coating selection, route selection, construction management, and pipeline inspection and maintenance issues. Operating oil pipelines in an optimum capacity through out its life, effective construction management and failure free operations are considered as critical success factors in oil transportation business. Operating oil pipelines in derated capacity due to deteriorating pipeline health or lack of demand, non-ability of augmenting pipeline capacity despite of demand, non-achievement of time, cost, and quality of pipeline construction projects, and many failures of pipelines despite of huge expenditure in inspection and maintenance are the common phenomena in oil pipelines industry. These not only cause business loss, but also increase stakeholders’ concerns for sustainable development. This study addresses the above issues using an analytical framework through stakeholders’ involvement. Keywords: Pipeline operations, technology management issues, analytical frameworks, group decision-making.
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Martyniuk, R. T., and O. T. Chernova. "MODERN METHODS OF REPAIR OF PIPELINES." PRECARPATHIAN BULLETIN OF THE SHEVCHENKO SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY Number, no. 17(64) (November 22, 2022): 179–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/2304-7399-2022-17(64)-179-189.
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At the stages of maintenance and repair of pipeline systems, there is a need to use flameless cutting in existing pipelines, in particular: when it is necessary to connect intake chambers and start cleaning pistons, and during pipeline repair with a complete replacement of the pipe body without stopping the transportation of the product. Also, fireless cutting is effectively used to connect branch pipelines during the development of pipeline systems. One of the progressive directions of improving the maintenance and repair of pipelines is the development of cutting methods that would ensure high efficiency and environmental friendliness of the work. However, their successful application is impossible without a theoretical and experimental study of the process of welding the branch pipe to the operating pipeline.
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Ma, Qiuping, Guiyun Tian, Yanli Zeng, Rui Li, Huadong Song, Zhen Wang, Bin Gao, and Kun Zeng. "Pipeline In-Line Inspection Method, Instrumentation and Data Management." Sensors 21, no. 11 (June 3, 2021): 3862. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21113862.
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Pipelines play an important role in the national/international transportation of natural gas, petroleum products, and other energy resources. Pipelines are set up in different environments and consequently suffer various damage challenges, such as environmental electrochemical reaction, welding defects, and external force damage, etc. Defects like metal loss, pitting, and cracks destroy the pipeline’s integrity and cause serious safety issues. This should be prevented before it occurs to ensure the safe operation of the pipeline. In recent years, different non-destructive testing (NDT) methods have been developed for in-line pipeline inspection. These are magnetic flux leakage (MFL) testing, ultrasonic testing (UT), electromagnetic acoustic technology (EMAT), eddy current testing (EC). Single modality or different kinds of integrated NDT system named Pipeline Inspection Gauge (PIG) or un-piggable robotic inspection systems have been developed. Moreover, data management in conjunction with historic data for condition-based pipeline maintenance becomes important as well. In this study, various inspection methods in association with non-destructive testing are investigated. The state of the art of PIGs, un-piggable robots, as well as instrumental applications, are systematically compared. Furthermore, data models and management are utilized for defect quantification, classification, failure prediction and maintenance. Finally, the challenges, problems, and development trends of pipeline inspection as well as data management are derived and discussed.
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Rossouw, Estelle, and Wesley Doorsamy. "Predictive Maintenance Framework for Cathodic Protection Systems Using Data Analytics." Energies 14, no. 18 (September 14, 2021): 5805. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14185805.
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In the quest to achieve sustainable pipeline operations and improve pipeline safety, effective corrosion control and improved maintenance paradigms are required. For underground pipelines, external corrosion prevention mechanisms include either a pipeline coating or impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP). For extensive pipeline networks, time-based preventative maintenance of ICCP units can degrade the CP system’s integrity between maintenance intervals since it can result in an undetected loss of CP (forced corrosion) or excessive supply of CP (pipeline wrapping disbondment). A conformance evaluation determines the CP system effectiveness to the CP pipe potentials criteria in the NACE SP0169-2013 CP standard for steel pipelines (as per intervals specified in the 49 CFR Part 192 statute). This paper presents a predictive maintenance framework based on the core function of the ICCP system (i.e., regulating the CP pipe potential according to the NACE SP0169-2013 operating window). The framework includes modeling and predicting the ICCP unit and the downstream test post (TP) state using historical CP data and machine learning techniques (regression and classification). The results are discussed for ICCP units operating either at steady state or with stray currents. This paper also presents a method to estimate the downstream TP’s CP pipe potential based on the multiple linear regression coefficients for the supplying ICCP unit. A maintenance matrix is presented to remedy the defined ICCP unit states, and the maintenance time suggestion is evaluated using survival analysis, cycle times, and time-series trend analysis.
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Holik, William, Cesar Quiroga, Ioannis Tsapakis, and Jing Li. "Accommodation of Saltwater Temporary Pipelines on the Roadside." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 12 (September 21, 2018): 198–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118797458.
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Drilling and completing oil and gas wells, particularly when using horizontal and hydraulic fracturing techniques, requires enormous amounts of water. Generally, it is cheaper for the industry to move fluids by pipeline than by truck, hence the interest in using permanent and/or temporary pipelines to transport water in areas where oil and gas developments take place. This paper describes temporary pipeline installation and operation practices and how they impact roadside maintenance activities as well as offering guidelines on how to install and operate temporary pipelines. A GIS database of temporary pipeline locations was developed from permits issued by the Texas Department of Transportation between July 2011 and August 2016. General trends indicate that temporary pipelines are typically 3, 4, 8, or 10 inches in diameter. Operators tend to favor certain highway segments to install temporary pipelines within the right of way. When multiple temporary pipelines are installed on segments repeatedly, this can affect maintenance operations. Several trends were observed that necessitate the development of guidelines for temporary pipelines. Many temporary pipelines were placed away from the right of way line, which creates conflicts with maintenance operations and results in some temporary pipelines being in the clear zone. Many temporary pipelines are not anchored in place and roll into the bottom of ditches or do not maintain a uniform alignment, which affects roadside maintenance. The percentage reduction in overtopping flow rate due to installing temporary pipelines through culverts is also analyzed.
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Li, Jie, Feng Huang, Chunlei Tu, Mengqian Tian, and Xingsong Wang. "Elastic Obstacle-Surmounting Pipeline-Climbing Robot with Composite Wheels." Machines 10, no. 10 (September 28, 2022): 874. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines10100874.
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Regular inspection and maintenance can ensure safe working conditions of transport pipelines without leakage and damage. Pipeline-climbing robots can be used for rapid inspection of pipelines, effectively reducing labor costs and time consumption. For the annular pipelines outside spherical tanks, the special distribution and installation form presents more high obstacles, and puts forward higher requirements for the robot’s climbing performance and obstacle-surmounting ability. An elastic obstacle-surmounting pipeline-climbing robot with composite wheels is proposed in this paper. The designed elastic shock-absorbing suspension mechanisms and composite wheels were designed to increase the stability and obstacle-surmounting ability of the robot. The adjustable robot frame and rotating joint mechanisms allowed the robot to adapt to pipelines of different diameters and radians. Force analysis and simulation of obstacle surmounting by the robot were performed. Experiments were conducted on a 110-mm diameter pipeline to test the payload performance and obstacle-surmounting ability of the robot. With its elastic shock-absorbing suspension mechanisms, the pipeline-climbing robot could carry a 30 kg payload and stably climb the pipeline. The maximum height of obstacles surmounted by the composite wheels of the robot was 20 mm. In the process of surmounting obstacles, the velocity and inclination angle of the robot could remain relatively stable. This novel composite wheels and mechanisms can improve the performance of the pipeline-climbing robot and solve the problem of surmounting high obstacles. By carrying various equipment and instruments, the robot can promote the automated maintenance and inspection of complex pipelines.
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Jiao, Kaituo, Peng Wang, Yi Wang, Bo Yu, Bofeng Bai, Qianqian Shao, and Xinran Wang. "Study on the multi-objective optimization of reliability and operating cost for natural gas pipeline network." Oil & Gas Science and Technology – Revue d’IFP Energies nouvelles 76 (2021): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2516/ogst/2021020.
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The development of natural gas pipeline network towards larger scale and throughput has urged better reliability of the pipeline network to satisfy transportation requirement. Previously, studies of optimizing natural gas pipeline network have been mainly focused on reducing operating cost, with little concern on the reliability of pipeline network. For a natural gas pipeline network with a variety of components and complicated topology, a multi-objective optimization model of both reliability and operating cost is proposed in this study. Failure of each component and the state of pipeline network under failure conditions are taken into account, and minimum cut set method is employed to calculate the reliability of the pipeline network. The variables to be determined for the optimization objectives are the rotating speed of compressors and the opening of valves. Then the solving procedure of the proposed model is presented based on Decoupled Implicit Method for Efficient Network Simulation (DIMENS) method and NS-saDE algorithm. The validity of the optimization model is ascertained by its application on a complicated pipeline network. The results illustrate that the optimization model can depict the relative relationship between reliability and operating cost for different throughput, by which the operation scheme with both satisfying reliability and operating cost can be obtained. In addition, the customer reliability and the impact of the failure of each pipeline on the whole network can be evaluated quantitatively to identify the consumers and pipelines of maintenance priority. The pipeline network reliability can be improved through proper monitoring and maintenance of these consumers and pipelines.
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Bai, Yang, Peng Bo Cui, Qi Zhang, and Lei Wu. "Study on the Selection Pipelines into the Comprehensive Pipeline Trench in Urban Rail Transit Construction." Advanced Materials Research 919-921 (April 2014): 1622–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.919-921.1622.
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It is the main problem that how to select pipelines into the urban underground comprehensive pipeline trench. There are numerous pipelines can be brought into comprehensive trench nowadays, determined the solution which pipelines are brought into comprehensive trench needs to take many factors such as economy, technology, safety, and daily maintenance management. Established the model of selection schemes , firstly sorted and enumerated, then used DHGF (Delphi-Hierarchy-Grey-Fuzzy) method to evaluate pipeline trench schemes quantitatively and analysed the problem effectively and feasibly.
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Luo, Yu, Xiangdong Jiao, Zewei Fang, Shuxin Zhang, Xuan Wu, Dongyao Wang, and Qin Chu. "Remote deepwater subsea pipeline maintenance system." Industrial Robot: the international journal of robotics research and application 48, no. 2 (February 8, 2021): 280–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ir-07-2020-0151.
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Purpose This paper aims to propose a diverless weld bead maintenance welding technology to prevent the leakage of subsea oil and gas pipeline and solve the key problems in the maintenance of subsea pipeline. Design/methodology/approach Based on the analysis of the cross-section of the fillet weld, the multi-layer and multi-pass welding path planning of the submarine pipeline sleeve fillet weld is studied, and thus a multi-layer and multi-pass welding path planning strategy is proposed. A welding seam filling method is designed, and the end position of the welding gun is planned, which provides a theoretical basis for the motion control of the maintenance system. Findings The trajectory planning and adjustment of multi-layer and multi-pass fillet welding and the motion stability control of the rotating mechanism are realized. Research limitations/implications It provides the basis for the prototype design of the submarine pipeline maintenance and welding robot system, and also lays the foundation for the in-depth research on the intelligent maintenance system of submarine pipeline. Originality/value The maintenance of diverless subsea pipeline is a new type of maintenance method, which can solve the problem of large amount of subsea maintenance work with high efficiency.
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Vlădescu, Robert-Gheorghe. "Methods of Carrying Out the Anticipative Maintenance of Fluid Hydrocarbons Transport Systems." Bulletin of the Polytechnic Institute of Iași. Machine constructions Section 67, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 39–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bipcm-2021-0016.
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Abstract The scientific knowledge, transposed into the engineering practice, requires the collection, by using the most state-of-the-art and complete means of the information necessary for the decision to initiate the most appropriate measures of predictive maintenance. In this context, the information provided as a result of the investigation of the pipelines intended for the transport of fluid hydrocarbons with smart pigging devices (cleaning, calibration, geometric, magnetic flux leakage) refers to those pre-existing in the questionnaire of the pipeline of the inspection operation. The values in the questionnaire are used to evaluate the anomalies in the inspection reports (preliminary and final). A quantitative assessment of anomalies is based on, and limited exclusively to the results of the inspection, and does not include any numerical parameters (corrosion growth rates, anodic potential etc.), other than those from In-Line Inspection such as values Estimated Repair Factor (ERF) of anomalies. The questionnaire (initial data provided) of the pipeline to be investigated with smart pigging devices includes at least: pipe diameter, wall thickness, pipe material, design pressure, Maximum Allowable Operating Pressure (MAOP), transported product, curve type, investigation history. The detection thresholds are applied in accordance with the manufacturing standards of the pipes. Generally, the calculation results, namely ERF and safe pressure, based on ASME B31G (Manual for Determining the Remaining Strength of Corroded Pipelines) are used to present the pipeline condition. There are several approaches that can be used to characterize the behavior of corrosion anomalies, both pierced and partial. ASME B31G is a very conservative criterion that helps operators avoid unnecessary cuts. It is based on an empirical adequacy to an extensive series of tests on a full scale on vessels with narrow ridges. Depth-based histograms show the distribution of all metal loss characteristics detected along the entire length of the pipe relative to their location and surface. The approach to the referred issue allows the collection of essential information about the pipeline, and presents summaries of any anomalies of the pipeline, having a comprehensive character.
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Zhang, Jin, Zejun Han, Hongyuan Fang, and Linqing Yang. "Analysis for Dynamic Response of Buried Steel Pipeline in Cross-Anisotropic Layered Soils." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 20, no. 07 (July 2020): 2071006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455420710066.
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The interaction between underground pipelines and soils is crucial to the design and maintenance of underground pipeline network systems. In this paper, the dynamic stiffness matrix in the frequency-domain of the buried pipeline is obtained by the improved scaled boundary finite element method (SBFEM) coupled with the finite element method (FEM) at the interface between the far and near fields. A new coordinate transformation together with a scaled line is introduced in the improved SBFEM. Combined with the mixed variable algorithm, the time-domain solution of the buried pipeline under dynamic loads is then obtained. The accuracy of the proposed algorithm was verified by numerical examples. A parametric study is performed to assess the influence of the anisotropic characteristics of the layered soils on the dynamic response of the pipeline, the result of which provides a reliable basis for engineering practice. The results show that these parameters have a significant impact on the pipeline. The understanding of this impact can contribute to the design, construction, and maintenance of the corresponding engineering projects.
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Sheikh, Anwar Khalil, and Muhammed Saleem. "Economics of pipeline maintenance and replacement." International Journal of Production Economics 24, no. 3 (March 1992): 273–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0925-5273(92)90139-x.
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Zhang, Kang, Xiaoxiao Zhu, Shimin Zhang, Qingxin Ding, and Zichen He. "Experimental research on frictional resistance of smart isolation tool during maintenance operation in offshore pipeline." Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 70, no. 7 (September 10, 2018): 1145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-09-2017-0276.
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Purpose Pipeline maintenance technology using smart isolation tool is becoming more widely used in the global scope. This paper aims to investigate the effects of parameters on the frictional resistance between the slip and pipeline and the frictional characteristics under different lubrication films. Design/methodology/approach An experimental platform consisting of slip, pipeline and data acquisition system was developed, wherein the slip slips on the pipeline under different normal forces and velocities. In addition, three lubrication conditions, namely, dry wall, oil liquid and black powder on the wall, were investigated to study the effects of lubrications on the frictional coefficient and characteristics. Findings Research results indicate that the frictional force and coefficient were sensitive to normal force. The crude oil affected the frictional coefficient within a certain range of normal force, and the black powder enhanced the surface roughness in the natural gas pipeline. However, velocity had no effect on them. In addition, different contact behaviors could be observed from the frictional coefficient curves. Originality/value In this paper, the effects of normal force and velocity on frictional resistance of sliding slip during decelerating process in pipeline were investigated, and the effects of lubrication films on frictional characteristics were also revealed. The research results are of great value to improve the prediction accuracy of smart isolation tool, and also provide a guiding significance for the development of maintenance operation in pipelines.
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Posakony, G. J. "Integrity Assurance of Natural Gas Transmission Pipelines." Applied Mechanics Reviews 46, no. 5 (May 1, 1993): 146–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3120323.
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Natural gas transmission pipelines have proven to be a safe and efficient means for transporting the trillions of cubic feet of natural gas used annually in the United States. Since the peak of construction of these pipelines occurred between 1950 and the mid-1960s, their average age is now over thirty years. However, replacement of these pipelines because of age would be prohibitively expensive and unnecessary. Preventive maintenance and rehabilitation programs put into practice by the pipeline industry provides the key to ensuring the continued integrity of the transmission pipeline system. This article reviews the preventive maintenance practices commonly used by the gas industry. These practices include right-of-way patrols, corrosion control procedures, in-line inspection with intelligent or smart pigs that inspect the pipe while traveling through the inside of the pipe, direct access inspection of the pipe from bellhole excavations, and hydrostatic retesting of pipelines. When pipelines are properly maintained, these practices can ensure the integrity and long-term serviceability of transmission pipelines well into the 21st Century.
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Liu, Deren, Jiale Yang, Xu Wang, Junming Zhao, Shuochang Xu, and Yongchun Zhao. "Experimental Study on Thermal Insulation Effect of the Buried Oil-Gas Pipelines in Permafrost Regions." Geofluids 2022 (January 4, 2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4226077.
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In permafrost regions, long distance buried pipelines are widely used to transport oil and natural gas resources. However, pipeline problems occur frequently due to the complicated surrounding environment and transportation requirement of positive temperature. In this study, a thermal insulation layer was applied to mitigate permafrost degeneration around the buried oil-gas pipelines. Based on engineering background of the Sebei-Xining-Lanzhou natural gas pipeline in China, an indoor model test was designed and carried out in which many key indices, such as the temperature regime, vertical displacement, pipeline wall stress, and water content, were closely monitored. The test results indicate that the large heat loss of the buried pipeline produces a rapid increase in ground temperatures which seriously reduces the bearing capacity of the permafrost foundation. The buried oil-gas pipelines with a thermal insulation layer can effectively reduce the thawing range and vertical displacement of the permafrost foundation around the buried pipelines, so as to control the stress of the pipeline wall in the normal range and protect the safe and stable operation of the buried oil-gas pipelines. The experimental results can serve as a reference for the construction, operation, and maintenance of buried oil-gas pipelines in permafrost regions.
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Xu, Jishang, Xingyu Xu, Yaqi Zhang, Jinjing Pu, Jiangfeng Dong, Chunlai Wang, Guangxue Li, Anlong Li, Shaotong Zhang, and Yaxin Zhang. "Experimental Study on the Influence of Pipeline Vibration on Silty Seabed Liquefaction." Water 14, no. 11 (June 1, 2022): 1782. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14111782.
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Free-spanning submarine pipelines are usually affected by vortex-induced vibration (VIV). Such vibration could influence the liquefaction of the supporting soil at both ends of the free spans and could have catastrophic consequences, including the failure of the local seabed and the displacing, sinking, or floating of pipelines. The influence of pipeline vibration on soil liquefaction has not been studied sufficiently. Therefore, we explored the influence of vortex-induced pipeline vibration on the excess pore pressure of silty soil around a pipeline using flume experiments. Our results showed that pipeline vibration could induce the buildup of excess pore-water pressure, even without wave loading. A fully liquefied zone was found close to the pipeline, where excess pore pressure reached the soil liquefaction criterion, which was surrounded by a partially liquefied zone. The extent of liquefaction depended on the vibration conditions and the weight and burial depth of the pipeline. The pipeline vibration amplitude increased after soil liquefaction. Unlike wave-induced liquefaction, pipeline-induced vibration liquefaction occurred at a critical value smaller than the initial mean normal effective stress. Considering the possibility of pipeline-vibration-induced seabed liquefaction, conventional approaches could underestimate the potential risks to pipeline stability and result in unsafe maintenance practices.
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Asakura, A., A. Koizumi, O. Odanagi, H. Watanabe, and T. Inakazu. "A study on appropriate investment of pipeline rehabilitation for water distribution network." Water Supply 5, no. 2 (September 1, 2005): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2005.0019.
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In Japan most of the water distribution networks were constructed during the 1960s to 1970s. Since these pipelines were used for a long period, pipeline rehabilitation is necessary to maintain water supply. Although investment for pipeline rehabilitation has to be planned in terms of cost-effectiveness, no standard method has been established because pipelines were replaced on emergency and ad hoc basis in the past. In this paper, a method to determine the maintenance of the water supply on an optimal basis with a fixed budget for a water distribution network is proposed. Firstly, a method to quantify the benefits of pipeline rehabilitation is examined. Secondly, two models using Integer Programming and Monte Carlo simulation to maximize the benefits of pipeline rehabilitation with limited budget were considered, and they are applied to a model case and a case study. Based on these studies, it is concluded that the Monte Carlo simulation model to calculate the appropriate investment for the pipeline rehabilitation planning is both convenient and practical.
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Tian, Yun, Qi Yao, Dong Jiang, Yanni Xiao, Licheng Liu, and Chengxin Lin. "Study on the Physical Properties of Split-type Iron Base Shape Memory Alloy Pipe Joint." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2083, no. 2 (November 1, 2021): 022072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2083/2/022072.
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Abstract Aiming at the leakage phenomenon of pipeline system due to corrosion and other reasons, a split type iron-based shape memory alloy pipe joint based on the button bond connection was designed for repair. This split-type pipe joint can be used for quick in-situ maintenance of pipelines without cutting off pipelines or stopping transmission without pressure relief. It is especially suitable for intensive pipeline maintenance and online emergency maintenance. In order to study the connection performance of the split iron-based shape memory alloy pipe joint, this paper took the Fe17Mn4Si10Cr4Ni alloy pipe joint as the research object, and carried out pressure sealing and pull-out experiments respectively on the integral pipe joint and the split pipe joint which had not been carried out and had been subjected to one heat and mechanical training. The results showed that, compared with the integral pipe joint, the pressure seal value of the split pipe joint decreased by 40% to 20MPa and the pulling force decreased by 48.9% without heat-mechanical training. However, after 1 time of thermal-mechanical training, the pressure sealing value of the split-type pipe joint decreased by 12.5% to 32MPa and the pulling force decreased by 21.2% compared with the integral pipe joint. It can be seen that thermal-mechanical training can significantly improve the joint performance of split pipe joints, and the split pipe joint can meet the requirements of medium and low pressure pipeline connection and maintenance.
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Bi, Aorui, Shuya Huang, Yongcheng Zhang, and Yiqiong Gao. "Reliability Analysis of Oil and Gas Pipelines Based on Step-Down-Stress Testing in Corrosive Environments." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (July 14, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4055779.
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Reliability analysis provides a basis for the anticorrosion design and maintenance strategy of pipelines. This paper introduces a calculation method for corroded pipeline life reliability by step-down-stress testing (SDST) and Weibull distribution. SDST is used to obtain the corrosion rate of N80 steel under the action of an H2S and CO2 environment at four different temperatures. The Arrhenius model is used to establish the conversion model of failure time and then obtain quasi-samples with parameters. The quasi-samples are used to estimate the parameters of the Weibull distribution, and finally, we can obtain the reliability function of the corroded pipeline. The life reliability curve shows that the pipeline life decreases with the increase of temperature, and when the operation temperature is 363 K, the average life is 10.09 years, which is far less than the designed life. The life reliability of the pipeline decreases with increasing time, when the service life of a pipe with 90% reliability is approximately 7.4 years, and with 50% reliability, it will increase to approximately 10.2 years. With increasing temperature, the average life of the pipeline declines, and at the same temperature, the higher the reliability is, the lower the average life of the pipeline, which provides a reference for the rational use and maintenance decisions of N80 steel pipes. The life reliability of a pipeline for which the operating time is shorter has a smaller temperature effect than that the operating time is longer. This proves that the effect of temperature on life reliability accumulates. This paper strives to provide a scientific basis for the safety management of oil and gas pipelines.
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Grudz, V. Y., V. V. Grudz, V. M. Bodnar, and M. S. Chernetsky. "IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF FUNCTIONING OF REPAIR-OPERATING UNITS IN THE SYSTEM OF MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF MAGISTRALS." PRECARPATHIAN BULLETIN OF THE SHEVCHENKO SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY Number, no. 1(53) (September 27, 2019): 104–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/2304-7399-2019-1(53)-104-115.
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The classification of failures and damages of the linear part and its separate elements is carried out, variants of technology of carrying out of preventive and repair-restoration works and modular-technological structure of repair and maintenance units are formulated. Particular attention is paid to improving the efficiency of the operation of a separate repair and maintenance unit during maintenance and repair with a known layout scheme and a certain mode of control and restoration works by choosing the optimal technology of work and rational equipment of units and crews leaving for the route. On the basis of the analysis of the technology of work execution it is shown that only a small part of the repair and maintenance measures requires the use of powerful machinery and equipment, which include the first level of priority work on the replacement of gas pipeline sections, work, damage elimination, work on elimination of significant pipeline displacements, work for restoration of soil collapse of the main gas pipeline.
In addition, each type of work on the objects of the linear part requires the use of the same vehicles. The type and number of vehicles depend on the particular operating conditions, as well as on the possibility and feasibility of purchasing and operating a particular type of equipment.
The method of estimation of indexes of maintenance of linear part of main gas pipelines and efficiency of functioning of repair and maintenance units during maintenance and repair is developed.
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Toropov, E. S., S. M. Dorofeev, T. G. Ponomareva, and S. Yu Toropov. "Repair-and-renewal operations of pipelines from the data on their maintenance." Oil and Gas Studies, no. 5 (November 12, 2020): 94–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.31660/0445-0108-2020-5-94-103.
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Maintaining of the pipeline system in an operational condition can't be achieved without solving the problem of their protection from internal corrosion as the main factor that leads to numerous accidents. In conditions of limited funding, the creation of scientifically based methods that regulate repair work on difficult areas [1] or those that are not repairable using "classical" methods is a very urgent task. In this way, the use of repair methods without stopping product pumping, in terms of justifying the placement of technological equipment, even more increase the importance of the problem being solved. Research methods are experimental and theoretical character and based on the analysis and processing of statistical data received during the experimental studies of field objects. The result of this work was the creation of a methodology that allows determining the order of repair work on pipelines with different degrees of corrosion damage and its speed on different sections of the route [2]. And as a result, reasonable placement of technological equipment along the pipeline route for in-line pipeline repair, without stopping the pumping of the transported product.
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Zhang, J., Z. Liang, C. J. Han, and H. Zhang. "Numerical simulation of buckling behavior of the buried steel pipeline under reverse fault displacement." Mechanical Sciences 6, no. 2 (September 22, 2015): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ms-6-203-2015.
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Abstract. Reverse fault movement is one of the threats for the structural integrity of buried oil-gas pipelines caused by earthquakes. Buckling behavior of the buried pipeline was investigated by finite element method. Effects of fault displacement, internal pressure, diameter-thick ratio, buried depth and friction coefficient on buckling behavior of the buried steel pipeline were discussed. The results show that internal pressure is the most important factor that affecting the pipeline buckling pattern. Buckling mode of non-pressure pipeline is collapse under reverse fault. Wrinkles appear on buried pressure pipeline when the internal pressure is more than 0.4 Pmax. Four buckling locations appear on the buried pressure pipeline under bigger fault displacement. There is only one wrinkle on the three locations of the pipeline in the rising formation, but more wrinkles on the fourth location. Number of the wrinkle ridges and length of the wavy buckling increase with the increasing of friction coefficient. Number of buckling location decreases gradually with the decreasing of diameter-thick ratio. A protective device of buried pipeline was designed for preventing pipeline damage crossing fault area for its simple structure and convenient installation. Those results can be used to safety evaluation, maintenance and protection of buried pipelines crossing fault area.
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Zamenian, Hamed, Juyeong Choi, Seyed Amir Sadeghi, and Nader Naderpajouh. "Systematic approach for asset management of urban water pipeline infrastructure systems." Built Environment Project and Asset Management 7, no. 5 (November 16, 2017): 506–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-01-2017-0005.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a systemic approach to evaluate physical condition of water pipeline infrastructure with limited condition assessment data that can help asset managers prioritize capital investments in maintenance projects for urban water pipeline systems. Design/methodology/approach Spatial pattern analyses are conducted in this research to find the spatial pattern of the service life of pipelines. Based on the spatial relationship, the critical areas where groups of pipelines with short service life are likely to be found were located using spatial statistical analyses. A visualized platform was also developed and used to validate the implementation of the proposed approach with the case study of urban water pipeline infrastructure in a city in the Midwest region of the USA. Findings The results of the spatial pattern analyses reveal that water pipelines are spatially clustered based on their service life. Further, it was found that on average the pipelines in the center of a city have longer service life while the average expected service life of the pipelines in the marginal areas is shorter. The interpolation method produced raster data with continuous information about the service years of pipelines that are useful for asset maintenance planning. Originality/value With the limited data, the proposed approach enables identification of the critical area of water pipelines with the likelihood of shorter service life. This result can be used as a priority rule for a rehabilitation plan and contributes to shifting from a responsive to a preventive approach in underground asset management.
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Jones, Jeff. "Challenges in applying AS 2885 to aging oil and gas pipelines." APPEA Journal 56, no. 1 (2016): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj15011.
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Oil and gas transmission pipelines in Australia are licensed under state-based pipeline acts and regulations, or a safety case regime for offshore pipelines. Both approaches deal with requirements for the design, construction and operation of a pipeline. A core requirement of a licensee’s pipeline management system—as required by AS 2885.3 (Operation and Maintenance)— is to maintain a live view of the failure threats to a pipeline. AS 2885 also requires licensees to undertake a regular review of the pipeline safety management study (SMS), to examine the effectiveness of existing threat controls, and to ensure existing and any new threats to the pipeline are being managed to ALARP using the prescribed risk assessment process and societal risk appetite defined in AS 2885.1. The SMS review is complemented with a similar periodic review of the location class of the pipeline route, often challenged by ever-changing urban development and encroachment. The location class determines design requirements for pipeline wall thickness, external interference protection measures, depth of cover, fracture control, isolation valve spacing and field signage, and is often difficult to comply with or retrofit to existing operational pipelines. Retrospective requirements also require assessment of highconsequence areas for no-rupture and maximum energy discharge rates. This paper explores the application of the SMS process and the challenges faced by licensees of ageing existing onshore pipelines in complying with AS 2885, and illustrates an array of pragmatic lessons, and the approach taken by the author—in the SMS facilitator role—in assisting licensees to undertake SMS and location class reviews.
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Xu, Hong, Zhu Xin Li, Yuan Yuan Li, and Li Hong Gong. "Study on the Error Analysis of Pipeline Inspection Robot Mileage Wheel Localization." Advanced Materials Research 706-708 (June 2013): 1171–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.706-708.1171.
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Currently, the development of our pipeline inspection technology is rapidly, pipeline inspection robots were widely used , it providing scientific and accurate detection data for pipeline maintenance and overhaul. The accurate localization datas provided by pipeline robots are the basis for pipeline maintenance and overhaul.This paper describes the running Principle of mileage wheel, detailly analysis the reasons of the mileage wheel localization errors according problems appeared.finally, proposed methods to improve pipeline inspection robot mileage wheel localization accuracy briefly.
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Chen, Yung-Hsu, Sheng-Chih Shen, Yan-Kuei Wu, Chun-Yen Lee, and Yen-Ju Chen. "Design and Testing of Real-Time Sensing System Used in Predicting the Leakage of Subsea Pipeline." Sensors 22, no. 18 (September 9, 2022): 6846. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22186846.
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This study integrates the array sensing module and the flow leakage algorithm. In this study, a real-time monitoring deep-sea pipeline damage sensing system is designed to provide decision-making parameters such as damage coordinates and damage area. The array sensor module is composed of multiple YF-S201 hall sensors and controllers. YF-S201 hall sensors are arranged inside the pipeline in an array. The flow signal in the deep-sea pipeline can be transmitted to the electronic control interface to analyze the leakage position and leakage flowrate of the pipeline. The theory of this system is based on the conservation of mass. Through the flow of each sensor, it is judged whether the pipeline is damaged. When the pipeline is not damaged, the flowrate of each sensor is almost the same. When the pipeline is damaged, the flowrate will drop significantly. When the actual size of leakage in the pipeline is 5.28 cm2, the size calculated by the flowrate of hall sensors is 2.58 cm2 in average, indicating the error between experimental data and theoretical data is 46%. When the actual size of leakage in the pipeline is 1.98 cm2, the size calculated by the flowrate of hall sensors is 1.31 cm2 in average, indicating the error between experimental data and theoretical data is 21%. This can accurately confirm the location of the broken pipeline, which is between sensor A and sensor B, so that the AUV/ROV can accurately locate and perform pipeline maintenance in real time. It is expected to be able to monitor the flowrate through the array magnetic sensing module designed in this study. It can grasp the status of deep-sea pipelines, improve the quality of deep-sea extraction and pipeline maintenance speed.
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Varshitsky, Victor M., Igor B. Lebedenko, and Eldar N. Figarov. "Method for determining process parameters in the repairing of pipelines with out-of-spec curvature." SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGIES OIL AND OIL PRODUCTS PIPELINE TRANSPORTATION 10, no. 1 (February 29, 2020): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.28999/2541-9595-2020-10-1-17-21.
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Pipe sections with curvatures exceeding the required specified values are often found during the pigging of major pipelines. Process parameters for repairs have to be defined in order to develop a maintenance project that also includes works to restore the specified status of the section found. A corresponding method is known for cases of relocation of an initially straight pipeline. The authors developed a method for determining process parameters for repairing pipelines with out-of-project axis curvature. The method is based on modeling the deformation of a pipeline with initial axis curvature; it takes into account the actual operating conditions of the pipeline and in-line inspection data. Examples of calculating process parameters for repairs and stress-deformed state of pipeline sections with out-of-specs curvature have been presented. The modeling results confirm the possibility of using the method for evaluating the repair process parameters, the length of the required trench exposure, and the magnitude and boundaries of additional digging-in or the need to lift the pipeline in order to determine the stress–strain state of the pipeline section to be repaired during execution and after the completion of repairs.
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Oohira, Hisashi, and Serikawa Seiichi. "A Study of Characteristic Signal Propagation Buried Pipeline 1." Applied Mechanics and Materials 36 (October 2010): 381–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.36.381.
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The propagation constant measurement system was developed for long distance pipelines based on a distributed constant theory for the purpose of maintenance and management of long distance pipelines buried underground, and it was applied for the first time to a 14-killometer pipeline buried underground. This system is based upon the application of the distributed constant theory, and includes facilities to apply an ac signal from the central part of the pipeline, and measure the actual values and phases of voltage and electric current of the ac signal running through the pipeline, at either both ends or between them. In order to accurately measure the phase difference between the two separate points, a reference signal fabricated at 1 PPS (1 pulse per sec) in a GPS (Global Positioning System) was used. With this system, direct measurement of the propagation constant and characteristic impedance of a pipeline buried underground was realized for the first time.
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Badica, Marius Nicolae, Carmen Matilda Marinescu (Badica), Silvian Suditu, and Monica Emanuela Stoica. "Identification, evaluation and minimization of industrial risks relating to gas pipelines." E3S Web of Conferences 225 (2021): 02004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202122502004.
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The security of the functioning systems represents, through the four specific components (security, availability, reliability and maintenance), a basic component of the processing requirement. Monitoring of all specific intrinsic and operating parameters of oil and gas pipelines can be technically detected and diagnosed by: –existing defects; –rapid and effective intervention to eliminate the damage, if they occurred. To establish the maintenance programs that can ensure the proper functioning of the gas pipelines, it is necessary to establish their technical status. The research done helps reduce the risk of gas pipeline damage.
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Zardasti, Libriati, Norhamimi Mohd Hanafiah, Norhazilan Md Noor, Yahaya Nordin, and Ahmad Safuan A. Rashid. "The Consequence Assessment of Gas Pipeline Failure due to Corrosion." Solid State Phenomena 227 (January 2015): 225–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.227.225.
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In this paper, a qualitative consequence assessment method for damaged urban natural gas pipelines is proposed. It focuses on identifying reputation loss factors according to stakeholders’ (investors, customers, employees, and communities) perceptions. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method is applied to prioritize these factors. Results show that the loss of customer confidence ranks as the highest contributor to an operator’s reputation loss due to a pipeline accident. Thus, better risk assessment of pipeline damage due to corrosion will be achieved with the inclusion of reputation loss in the consequence assessment. Hence, decision making in pipeline repair, inspection, and maintenance can be improved as well as a company’s annual profit margin.
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Wang, Yifei, Mingjiang Xie, and Chun Su. "Dynamic reliability evaluation of buried corroded pipeline under rockfall impact." Eksploatacja i Niezawodnosc - Maintenance and Reliability 24, no. 2 (April 4, 2022): 275–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17531/ein.2022.2.9.
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Load impact, such as the rockfall, may bring significant threats to the integrity management of pipeline. This study is intended to evaluate the reliability of buried pipeline under rockfall impact, and so as to reduce the possible failure and unnecessary downtime. Firstly, the dynamic response of the buried pipeline under load is analyzed by Euler Bernoulli foundation beam. After that, the process of rockfall impact on buried corroded pipeline is simulated with nonlinear finite element method. Furthermore, the influence of rockfall’s parameters (including rockfall mass, impact velocity, impact position, etc.) on the pipeline’s equivalent stress is quantitatively analyzed. Eventually, a time-varying reliability model is established to calculate the failure probability. The results indicate that the mass and velocity of the rockfall have obvious influence on the pipeline’s failure probability, and the change of impact’s position has small influence. The proposed method can provide a theoretical reference for the design and maintenance of buried pipeline.
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Wong, Boon, and Julie A. McCann. "Failure Detection Methods for Pipeline Networks: From Acoustic Sensing to Cyber-Physical Systems." Sensors 21, no. 15 (July 21, 2021): 4959. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21154959.
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Pipeline networks have been widely utilised in the transportation of water, natural gases, oil and waste materials efficiently and safely over varying distances with minimal human intervention. In order to optimise the spatial use of the pipeline infrastructure, pipelines are either buried underground, or located in submarine environments. Due to the continuous expansion of pipeline networks in locations that are inaccessible to maintenance personnel, research efforts have been ongoing to introduce and develop reliable detection methods for pipeline failures, such as blockages, leakages, cracks, corrosion and weld defects. In this paper, a taxonomy of existing pipeline failure detection techniques and technologies was created to comparatively analyse their respective advantages, drawbacks and limitations. This effort has effectively illuminated various unaddressed research challenges that are still present among a wide array of the state-of-the-art detection methods that have been employed in various pipeline domains. These challenges include the extension of the lifetime of a pipeline network for the reduction of maintenance costs, and the prevention of disruptive pipeline failures for the minimisation of downtime. Our taxonomy of various pipeline failure detection methods is also presented in the form of a look-up table to illustrate the suitability, key aspects and data or signal processing techniques of each individual method. We have also quantitatively evaluated the industrial relevance and practicality of each of the methods in the taxonomy in terms of their respective deployability, generality and computational cost. The outcome of the evaluation made in the taxonomy will contribute to our future works involving the utilisation of sensor fusion and data-centric frameworks to develop efficient, accurate and reliable failure detection solutions.
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Hou, Xiangqin, Yihuan Wang, Peng Zhang, and Guojin Qin. "Non-Probabilistic Time-Varying Reliability-Based Analysis of Corroded Pipelines Considering the Interaction of Multiple Uncertainty Variables." Energies 12, no. 10 (May 22, 2019): 1965. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12101965.
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Reliability analysis of corroded pipelines is critical to the integrity and safe working of pipeline infrastructure. Aiming at less probability information is obtained for corrosion pipeline engineering, and the mechanical properties of pipeline with corrosion defects deteriorate caused by the accumulative effect of corrosion growth. Based on the quasi-static analysis method and non-probability theory, this paper presents a reliability model for assessing corroded pipelines with corrosion growth. In fact, reliability analysis of corroded pipelines needs to consider the interaction of multiple uncertainty variables. By introducing interaction theory, a mathematical model of corrosion defects considering the interaction of variables is put forward. Moreover, this paper develops a non-probabilistic time-varying reliability method for pipeline systems with multiple defects. Thus, several numerical examples are investigated to discuss the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. The results show that a two-dimensional or even three-dimensional ellipsoid model with correlation has more accurate results to evaluate corroded pipelines under the interaction of multiple corroded defects with poor information. Furthermore, a non-probabilistic time-varying reliability model is established according to the time-varying characteristics of the corroded pipeline under the influence of multiple factors. An effective complement to the theory of non-probabilistic reliability analysis of system is investigated. The analysis of the results suggests that interaction of corroded pipeline has a negligible impact on reliability. It also provides a theoretical basis for maintenance and is of great significance for risk- and reliability-informed decisions regarding buried oil and gas pipelines.
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Chen, Hongyuan, Lianshuang Dai, Heng Xuan, Xiongxiong Gao, Kun Yang, Lei Wang, Qiang Chi, and Chunyong Huo. "Tensile Strain Capacity Prediction Model of an X80 Pipeline with Improper Transitioning and Undermatched Girth Weld." Materials 15, no. 20 (October 13, 2022): 7134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15207134.
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As an important component of strain-based design, the tensile strain capacity (TSC) concept has been extensively used for pipelines that experience expectable plastic strain for both installation and service. However, some stress-based designed pipelines have experienced unforeseen plastic strain in the past decade that resulted in failure. It seems that the tensile strain capacity has gradually become an important requirement for geohazard risk management and pipeline maintenance of stress-based design pipelines. The tensile strain capacity of an X80 pipeline is investigated. The assessment in this work was based on the fracture initiation–control-based limit state. This limit state corresponds to the onset of stable tearing and generally provides a reasonably conservative estimate. Besides that, factors such as wall thickness, material’s strain hardening capacity, toughness, weld strength mismatch, HAZ (heat-affected zone) softening, pipe wall thickness, high–low misalignment, and internal pressure were also investigated to construct a prediction model of the X80 vintage pipeline.
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Han, Zhicheng, and Zhiyuan Zhu. "Articulated robot system for energy pipeline maintenance." Energy Reports 8 (November 2022): 267–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.08.064.
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Sousa, A. M., M. J. Pereira, and H. A. Matos. "Planning pipeline pigging operations with predictive maintenance." E3S Web of Conferences 266 (2021): 01017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126601017.
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Deposition of waxes, asphaltenes, scales or hydrates is one of the most challenging operational problems in the oil and gas industry, both during production and transportation. Direct inspection procedures, such as employing a closed-circuit television system, allow visual assessment of the blockage, yet discretely in time and, consequently, of low value for the purpose of ensuring production over time. Therefore, an indirect predictive maintenance method for systematic evaluation of the internal pipe section is herein developed, adding a much needed solution to the current body of knowledge. Using continuous field measurements, it is now possible to predict when pigging should be performed to avoid significant blockages. Moreover, evaluating the maintenance plan risk is another major achievement. Finally, the proposed methodology and model were applied to a real case-study yielding good results compared to the current scheduled maintenance approaches.
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Bea, R. G., C. Smith, and V. Valdes. "Requalification and Maintenance of Marine Pipeline Infrastructures." Journal of Infrastructure Systems 6, no. 3 (September 2000): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1076-0342(2000)6:3(89).
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Zapukhliak, V. B., Yu H. Melnychenko, V. Ya Hrudz, L. Ya Poberezhnyi, and Ya V. Doroshenko. "Analysis of the stress-deformed state of pipelines during plunging." Oil and Gas Power Engineering, no. 2(34) (December 29, 2020): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/1993-9868-2020-2(34)-56-66.
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Recently, there has been a need to carry out work on deepening the pipeline (plunging) in some areas, where the depth of pipeline location was found to be inconsistent with the relevant standards. That is, pipelines during operation can be partially opened as a result of soil erosion, and they also tend to lose stability as a result of various factors (pressure, temperature, soil water content, etc.) and rise up (float). Also, the facts of laying pipelines in the process of their construction not to the design marks are known, due to the "low" construction conduct, that is, when the pipeline in some sections was in a trench, the depth of which did not correspond to the project. Further operation of such pipelines may be under the threat of the pipeline coming to the surface and mechanical damage to the insulation and the pipe body. Therefore, to ensure reliable operation of the pipeline, which has got raised sections, it is necessary to lower these sections to the design marks. To do this, it is necessary to develop equipmentand technology for repair work of this type. Therefore, the article considers two options for post-trenchingpipelines: lowering under its own weight without supporting and lowering with the maintenance of the pipeline by a supporting machine. For both methods of plunging, the stress-strain state of the pipeline was simulated during its lowering to the design level on the created mathematical model. An algorithm for calculating the geometric parameters of work performance, determining the stress state and checking the strength of the pipeline has been proposed.
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Liang, Xiaoqiang, Da Hu, Yongsuo Li, Yunyi Zhang, and Xian Yang. "Application of GPR Underground Pipeline Detection Technology in Urban Complex Geological Environments." Geofluids 2022 (May 20, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7465919.
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In the process of the continuous construction of underground pipelines, underground pipe network systems have become increasingly complex, which puts forward higher requirements for normal operation and maintenance. To address different kinds of complex conditions, this experiment in the present paper takes ground penetrating radar as the research basis and uses a self-correction and screening algorithm to innovatively detect underground pipelines. The results show that urban underground pipeline detection technology based on ground penetrating radar (GPR) can obtain a highly reliable number of pipelines and track predefined pipelines when detecting different numbers of verification pipelines. When detecting underground pipelines in different sections, the vertical and horizontal errors are no more than 0.199 m and 0.248 m, respectively, which means that the detection technology of urban underground pipelines based on GPR has high detection accuracy and can be performed on high-level detection tasks under various complex conditions. This research applies bottom detection radar to urban underground pipeline detection technology under complex conditions for the first time, innovatively uses the action mechanism of bottom detection radar, integrates its high precision and high efficiency into underground pipeline detection technology, and ensures the effectiveness of the detection work.
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Elshaboury, Nehal, Abobakr Al-Sakkaf, Ghasan Alfalah, and Eslam Mohammed Abdelkader. "Data-Driven Models for Forecasting Failure Modes in Oil and Gas Pipes." Processes 10, no. 2 (February 18, 2022): 400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10020400.
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Oil and gas pipelines are lifelines for a country’s economic survival. As a result, they must be closely monitored to maximize their performance and avoid product losses in the transportation of petroleum products. However, they can collapse, resulting in dangerous repercussions, financial losses, and environmental consequences. Therefore, assessing the pipe condition and quality would be of great significance. Pipeline safety is ensured using a variety of inspection techniques, despite being time-consuming and expensive. To address these inefficiencies, this study develops a model that anticipates sources of failure in oil pipelines based on specific factors related to pipe diameter and age, service (transported product), facility type, and land use. The model is developed using a multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network, radial basis function (RBF) neural network, and multinomial logistic (MNL) regression based on historical data from pipeline incidents. With an average validity of 84% for the MLP, 85% for the RBF, and 81% for the MNL, the models can forecast pipeline failures owing to corrosion and third-party activities. The developed model can help pipeline operators and decision makers detect different failure sources in pipelines and prioritize the required maintenance and replacement actions.
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Oohira, Hisashi, and Serikawa Seiichi. "A Study of Characteristic Signal Propagation Buried Pipeline 2." Applied Mechanics and Materials 36 (October 2010): 387–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.36.387.
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It was reported in the previous report that the propagation constant measuring system for long distance pipelines was produced based upon the distribution constant theory for the purpose of maintenance and management of long distance pipelines buried underground and to have a system to directly measure the propagation constants and characteristic impedance of the pipeline buried underground. This time, a simulator for the signal propagation of a pipeline, referring to these actual measurement values, was constructed and various signal modes were simulated. On the prediction of accidents where heavy-construction equipment, such as backhoe or boring machine, has contact with a pipeline and damages the coating of pipeline, the damage simulations with a backhoe and boring machine were performed and the fault resistances of these heavy-construction pieces of equipment at the time of accidents were identified. As a result, it was revealed that the fault resistance generated by the metal-to-metal contact caused by the boring machine, which damages pipeline the most, was approximately 20-50Ω when water was used, and that caused by the backhoe was approximately 100Ω. In order to verify the detectable property of this system, a simulation was performed to determine how each distributed constant changed when this degree of grounding faults occurred in the monitoring section of the pipeline, and validated it with an actual pipeline.
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Saleh, Yusuf, Muhammad Sani Yahya, and Aliyu Bukar Dala. "Vibro-Acoustics for Reli-ability Modeling of Un-derwater Pipeline using Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), with Minimum Energy Consumption." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.36 (May 6, 2018): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.36.29090.
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WSN is a network of clusters of sensors nodes which sense the parameter and communicates to a server. Target is to develop underwater pipeline monitoring system remotely with lower energy consumption. Reliability maintenance will effectively give optimum performance of pipeline system operation. Reliability ensures optimum performance in the range of operation based on the behavior of the system. Validation of the mathematical model for the flow in pipeline system is used to study vibrations as elements that affect the reliability of the pipeline. In this, the focus is to validate and model the reliability for the pipeline system from the vibrations for predictive maintenance and optimum performance. Subsequently, vibro-acoustics will be used to model the reliability equation. A software can be developed for simulating the reliability model for pipeline system behavior from the vibration factors and use for predictive maintenance. Reliability factors of mean time to failure, repair and others will be put in to use to develop the original model for the pipeline. A hypothesis of 90% predictive model from the reliability under pipeline system behavior will be developed.
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Li, M. C., S. Amerudin, and Z. Mohamed Yusof. "DEVELOPMENT OF AUGMENTED REALITY PIPELINE VISUALISER (ARPV) APPLICATION FOR VISUALISING UNDERGROUND WATER PIPELINE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W16 (October 1, 2019): 365–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w16-365-2019.
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Abstract. Underground utilities locating is an important process to identify buried utility facilities for inspection and maintenance purposes. The process involves the use of underground utility maps and detecting devices to identify utilities as well as paints to mark the positions. However, this practice requires sophisticated devices, and skilful and experienced workers. The whole process takes time and is costly to operate. To solve these difficulties, an easy to use Augmented Reality (AR) mobile application, namely AR Pipeline Visualiser (ARPV) was developed. ARPV has feature for identifying pipelines which allows their attributes to be displayed. Besides, it also comes with colour classification buttons based on the pipelines’ attribute values which help users to discriminate pipelines better. ARPV uses spatial data in GeoJSON format which is hosted on Mapbox’s online database. ARPV is developed using Unity3D engine and Mapbox SDK for Unity. ARPV utilizes smartphone’s sensors to determine the location and orientation of the device, then, render the corresponding pipelines graphics on top of the reality scene through camera and screen. A qualitative testing with an engineer from Pejabat Harta Bina, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia shows that the application has an advantage in providing better visualisation and understanding of water pipeline than conventional method.
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Wang, Fang, Lei Liang, Hai Juan Han, and Yang Lu. "Innovation of Utility Tunnel Nodal Design Taking Utility Tunnel in Laiyuan as Example." Advanced Materials Research 790 (September 2013): 252–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.790.252.
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Urban utility tunnel is an important type of underground space development, and also it is the requirement of Two-oriented society. In Laiyuan utility tunnel design, combining with the engineering practice, the designers properly solve the problems of pipelines crossings, meanwhile meeting the needs of pipeline s crossings layout plan, management and maintenance.
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Vats, Sudeep. "Health Monitoring of New and Aging Pipelines- Development and Application of Instrumented Pigs." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 6121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.6121.
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More than 3 million kilometers of high pressure liquid and gas pipelines are installed all over the world.Usually steel is the safest means to transport large quantities of oil and oil related products and natural gas however, just like any other technical component, pipelines also deteriorate with time, result of which, flaws appear and they grows until the pipeline fails. That is why Pipeline operators worldwide maintain the good health of buried cross-country pipelines with a combination of good quality external coating and cathodic protection. Beside this various other techniques like cleaning and debris removal by scrapper pigging at intervals depending upon the life of pipeline and the products being transported through the same are used. Use of corrosion inhibitors and internal coating is also done to protect the internal surface from corrosion. It is of greatest importance to ensure the safety, efficiency,environmental integrity and regulatory compliance of the worldwide pipeline infrastructure. Achieving this objective entails the need for effective inspection technologies, incorporating the accuracy and reliability required for optimized maintenance strategies. Intelligent pigs are used for inline inspection of buried pipelines to monitor their thorough health,assess the risks associated with their operation,pilferage checking and cracks etc. These IPIGS are capable of detecting metal loss upto 5-10 percent of wall thickness on inner as well as external surfaces of pipeline. IPIGS based on ultrasonic and eddy current sensors are capable of detecting cracks also.[10] On the basis of the wall thickness loss and the intensity of defects, pipeline risk assessment is done and preventive and corrective measures are planned. This paper presents the technical details of instrumented pig with its advantages and disadvantages over conventional methods of pipeline protection and inspection. It also elaborates the concept of multiple technology intelligent pig and scope for future research on intelligent pigging. (abstract)
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Liao, Wan-Ju, Cheng-Li Cheng, and Chao-Jung Lee. "Study on the Bathroom Space and the Application of Same-Floor Drainage in Congregate Housing." Water 13, no. 20 (October 17, 2021): 2922. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13202922.
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There are no regulations in Taiwan that clearly forbid the current practice of configuring a pipeline that passes through the floor of a condo to reach the ceiling of another condo downstairs with different ownership, giving rise to potential disputes during pipeline maintenance. In Japan and China, the regulations for water supply and the drainage system strictly forbid the installation of drainage pipes that pass through the floor of a condo to reach the ceiling of another condo downstairs. In this study, life cycle cost analysis was adopted to investigate the traditional piping system as well as the same-floor drainage system, including the descended floor piping system, the raised floor piping system and a pre-wall piping system. According to the results of the life cycle cost and benefit analysis for pipeline renewal and maintenance, and taking into account the overall pipeline construction cost, although adoption of the same-floor drainage system increases the total cost by about 0.3–2.7%, it shows benefits in terms of pipeline maintenance and construction time. From the perspective of property management, if the same-floor drainage system can be implemented in the initial design stage, operation and management related issues can be minimized to reduce both pipeline maintenance and management costs, achieving the best performance in sustainable construction and maintenance.
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Wari, Ezra, Weihang Zhu, and Gino Lim. "A Discrete Partially Observable Markov Decision Process Model for the Maintenance Optimization of Oil and Gas Pipelines." Algorithms 16, no. 1 (January 12, 2023): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a16010054.
Full textAbstract:
Corrosion is one of the major causes of failure in pipelines for transporting oil and gas products. To mitigate the impact of this problem, organizations perform different maintenance operations, including detecting corrosion, determining corrosion growth, and implementing optimal maintenance policies. This paper proposes a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) model for optimizing maintenance based on the corrosion progress, which is monitored by an inline inspection to assess the extent of pipeline corrosion. The states are defined by dividing the deterioration range equally, whereas the actions are determined based on the specific states and pipeline attributes. Monte Carlo simulation and a pure birth Markov process method are used for computing the transition matrix. The cost of maintenance and failure are considered when calculating the rewards. The inline inspection methods and tool measurement errors may cause reading distortion, which is used to formulate the observations and the observation function. The model is demonstrated with two numerical examples constructed based on problems and parameters in the literature. The result shows that the proposed model performs well with the added advantage of integrating measurement errors and recommending actions for multiple-state situations. Overall, this discrete model can serve the maintenance decision-making process by better representing the stochastic features.