Relevant bibliographies by topics / Pipeline out-of-order

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Pipeline out-of-order'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 25 May 2024
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Pipeline out-of-order"

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Varshitsky, Victor M., Igor B. Lebedenko, and Eldar N. Figarov. "Method for determining process parameters in the repairing of pipelines with out-of-spec curvature." SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGIES OIL AND OIL PRODUCTS PIPELINE TRANSPORTATION 10, no. 1 (2020): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.28999/2541-9595-2020-10-1-17-21.

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Pipe sections with curvatures exceeding the required specified values are often found during the pigging of major pipelines. Process parameters for repairs have to be defined in order to develop a maintenance project that also includes works to restore the specified status of the section found. A corresponding method is known for cases of relocation of an initially straight pipeline. The authors developed a method for determining process parameters for repairing pipelines with out-of-project axis curvature. The method is based on modeling the deformation of a pipeline with initial axis curvatu
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Chen, Yu, and Yun Bing He. "Present Situation Analysis of Cathodic Protection of Natural Gas Pipelines in East Sichuan and Countermeasure Suggestions." Applied Mechanics and Materials 256-259 (December 2012): 2627–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.256-259.2627.

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There are a large number of natural gas pipelines in East Sichuan. In order to prevent these natural gas pipelines from being corroded, they all use cathodic protection, but in terms of pipeline protection potential, the effect is unsatisfactory. Based on pipeline protection potential data collection, this paper carried out field investigation on anode beds, reference electrodes and management mode, analyzed the common problems of cathodic protection systems and put forward rectification suggestions.
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Schipachev, Andrey, Vadim Fetisov, Ayrat Nazyrov, Lee Donghee, and Abdurakhmat Khamrakulov. "Study of the Pipeline in Emergency Operation and Assessing the Magnitude of the Gas Leak." Energies 15, no. 14 (2022): 5294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15145294.

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Accidents on gas pipelines cause significant damage to the national economy and the economy of the state. Thus, it is necessary to always be prepared for such situations in order to restore the normal operation of the gas pipeline as soon as possible. An important role is played by the execution time of the control actions to localize the accident, pump out the gas, and change the operating modes. It is essential that such control be undertaken, especially if such a situation occurs near a gas-measuring installation for measuring the amount of vented gas. Therefore, the control actions must be
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Sekacheva, Antonina, Lilia Pastukhova, and Alexandr Noskov. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF DYNAMIC PARAMETERS OF COMPLEX PIPELINE SYSTEM." Akustika, VOLUME 41 (2021): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.36336/akustika20214165.

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The article discusses the results of studies of the dynamic parameters of a pipeline connected to a pump, carried out in order to obtain data in full-scale conditions. At this stage of the study, the stationary process of the pump operation, which forms a turbulent flow in the pipeline, was studied. A computational and experimental technique for studying natural frequencies and vibration modes of pipelines of complex spatial configuration has been developed. The adequacy of the developed methods of finite element modeling of dynamic processes in pipeline systems in the frequency range up to 40
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Zhang, Peng, Xiangsu Chen, and Chaohai Fan. "Research on a Safety Assessment Method for Leakage in a Heavy Oil Gathering Pipeline." Energies 13, no. 6 (2020): 1340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13061340.

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At present, the number of oil and gas gathering and transportation pipelines is numerous, and leakage accidents occur frequently. Each year, due to pipeline failure, there are immeasurable consequences for people and the environment around the affected pipelines. In order to reduce the risk of leakage accidents in heavy oil gathering pipelines and prevent the occurrence of major spills, it is of great significance to carry out safety assessments of them. However, failure data of these pipelines is seriously deficient and statistical methods used to evaluate pipeline safety are incompatible. Th
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Galikeev, R. M., R. R. Taychinov, and S. I. Grachev. "INVESTIGATION OF PROTECTIVE PROPERTIES OF SLEEVES FROM INTERNAL CORROSION OF WELDING SEWINGS OF INFIELD PIPELINES." Oil and Gas Studies, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31660/0445-0108-2018-1-53-56.

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The most vulnerable places of infield pipelines in operating are the welded joints of the pipeline. In order to study the protective effect authors of the article carried out tests on ability of the sleeve to protect welding sewing from corrosion of the welded joint in a corrosive medium.
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Liu, Xiaobo, Jing Zhang, Dashen Yang, et al. "Analysis on the stability of a coal mine's dumping slope and its influence on oil pipeline." Advances in Engineering Technology Research 11, no. 1 (2024): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.56028/aetr.11.1.359.2024.

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There is cross-interference between an-yu-meng line of Yunnan product oil pipeline about 920m and NO.1 dump of a coal mine. In order to analyze the stability of the dump slope under heavy rain and other working conditions, and the influence of the dump continued dumping on the pipeline safety, combined with the geological environment conditions, quantitative calculation of stability and numerical simulation in the study area, a comprehensive analysis is carried out. The results show that the south section of the dump is about 200m long and unstable under heavy rain, and the other sections are
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Ye, Ji Hua, Qi Xie, and Yao Hong Xiahou. "Simulation and Implementation of HLA-Based Branch Predictor of Multi-Pipeline Processor." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 4952–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.4952.

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Researched how the multi-pipeline processor accelerates the running of thread ,found that when the branch predictor facing the random branch instruction, the hit rate will become very low, so bring out a new method that using the free pipeline to accelerate the running of branch instruction. If the right prediction from branch predictor is less than 70% and there is a free pipeline, then using two pipelines to run the two sides of a branch instruction at the same time. In order to test the new method, the HLA (High Level architecture) architecture-based simulation system is established, the re
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Liu, Qing. "Study on the Oil Pipeline Design of R Oil Field." Frontiers Research of Architecture and Engineering 3, no. 3 (2020): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.30564/frae.v3i3.2453.

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It’s a compressive article consists of three parts, an overview of pipeline development in China, oil pipeline design for R oilfield and pipeline management suggestions. First, this article introduces the current status of pipeline construction, oil pipeline technology and gas pipeline technology in China in recent years. The current status of China’s pipeline construction is divided into three stages. In terms of construction, pipeline construction is developing in the direction of intelligence and modernization. Long-distance oil pipelines require technical breakthroughs in two aspects. One
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Shammazov, I. A., D. I. Sidorkin, and E. R. Dzhemilev. "Research of the Dependence of the Pipeline Ends Displacement Value When Cutting Out Its Defective Section on the Elastic Stresses in the Pipe Body." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 988, no. 2 (2022): 022077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/988/2/022077.

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Abstract In the process of repairing main oil and gas pipelines with cutting out defective sections, due to the elastic stresses in the body of the pipeline at the end of the first cut, there is a sharp displacement of the pipeline ends on both sides of the cutting site. This sharp displacement poses a threat to the lives of workers, and also complicates the further process of welding a new section of the pipeline due to the need to center its ends relative to each other. At the same time, to reduce the displacement of the ends of the pipeline, it is often pressed down with an excavator bucket
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pipeline out-of-order"

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Binder, Benjamin. "Definitions and Detection Procedures of Timing Anomalies for the Formal Verification of Predictability in Real-Time Systems." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPASG086.

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Les systèmes temps-réel sont souvent validés par des analyses temporelles, qui sont mises en péril par des anomalies temporelles (AT). Une AT contre-intuitive a lieu quand une accélération locale conduit à un ralentissement global, et une AT d'amplification, quand un ralentissement local entraîne un ralentissement encore plus grand.Alors que les AT contre-intuitives menacent le bien-fondé ou la flexibilité des analyses, il n'existe pas d'outils pour les détecter de manière systématique. Nous proposons une structure formelle unifiée pour évaluer les définitions des AT, concluant au manque d'une
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Endo, Fernando Akira. "Génération dynamique de code pour l'optimisation énergétique." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAM044/document.

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Dans les systèmes informatiques, la consommation énergétique est devenue le facteur le plus limitant de la croissance de performance observée pendant les décennies précédentes. Conséquemment, les paradigmes d'architectures d'ordinateur et de développement logiciel doivent changer si nous voulons éviter une stagnation de la performance durant les décennies à venir.Dans ce nouveau scénario, des nouveaux designs architecturaux et micro-architecturaux peuvent offrir des possibilités d'améliorer l'efficacité énergétique des ordinateurs, grâce à la spécialisation matérielle, comme par exemple les co
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Sharma, Prabal. "A Branch Predictor Directed Data Cache Prefetcher for Out-of-order and Multicore Processors." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151289.

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Modern superscalar pipelines have tremendous capacity to consume the instruction stream. This has been possible owing to improvements in process technology, technology scaling and microarchitectural design improvements that allow programs to speculate past control and data dependencies in the superscalar architecture. However, the speed of the memory subsystem lags behind due to physical constraints in bringing in huge amounts of data to the processor core. Cache hierarchies have subdued the impact of this speed gap; however, there is much that can be still done in improving microarchitecture.
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Books on the topic "Pipeline out-of-order"

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Guidelines of the staff safety and environmental protection while constructing, putting [sic] operating and repairing of submarine pipelines and submarine cable electrical and communication lines related to oil operations: Statements on the order of carrying out scientific research on sea associated with oil operations on the sea and interior reservoirs of the Republic of Kazakstan : on the order and conditions of provision of permissions on construction and operation of artificial islands, dams, facilities and device(s) while carrying out oil operations in the Republic of Kazakstanon [sic] : the order of organisation and conditions of compulsory insurance of oil operations. s.n.], 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Pipeline out-of-order"

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Jacobi, Christian. "Formal Verification of Complex Out-of-Order Pipelines by Combining Model-Checking and Theorem-Proving." In Computer Aided Verification. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45657-0_23.

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Wei, Chang Jia, Ong Zhen Liang, and Ehsan Nikbakht Jarghouyeh. "Experimental Investigation of Effectiveness of FRP Composite Repair System on Offshore Pipelines Subjected to Pitting Corrosion Under Axial Compressive Load." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1748-8_17.

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AbstractThe application of FRP composite is quite well demonstrated in strengthening on RC structures but on strengthening of steel structures is still being investigated by many researchers. The aggressive marine environment can cause corrosion to the offshore pipelines which would affect the structural performance such as pitting corrosion which could be considered as the most destructive corrosion was simulated in this research. This study had attempted to carry out experimental investigation of effectiveness of FRP composite repair system on offshore pipelines subjected to pitting corrosio
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Wang, Fuzhi, Dianchang Wang, Wei Yin, et al. "Study on the Mechanical Properties of In-Situ Sprayed Mortar Repair for Corroded Concrete Pipes." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2024. https://doi.org/10.3233/atde241087.

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In order to learn the repair effect of in-situ spraying mortar technology on corroded concrete pipeline and to reveal the bearing performance of pipeline-mortar layer, a calculation model of bearing capacity of corroded concrete pipeline after in-situ spraying repair was proposed based on the theory of superposed curved beam stress. The mechanical loading model test of mortar spraying repair of corroded concrete pipeline was carried out, and the test showed that the theoretical calculation model was basically accurate, and the ultimate bearing capacity of the repaired vegetated concrete pipeli
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Rouainia M., Chan A.C.H., and Ng P.F.C. "Finite Element analysis of soil-pipeline interaction under lateral loading." In Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. IOS Press, 2005. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-656-9-963.

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In this paper, an elastoplastic model with a non-smooth friction mechanism and a volumetric mechanism is proposed to determine loads on pipes due to relative movements. The model requires the input of the stress-strain curves obtained directly from laboratory stress path on the particular soil studied, in the form of discrete data points. Various axisymmetric triaxial paths are simulated in order to demonstrate the good performance of the proposed model. In addition, several finite element analyses of soil-pipeline interaction under lateral loading have been carried out.
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Garagnani, Simone. "Semantic Representation of Accurate Surveys for the Cultural Heritage." In Advances in Geospatial Technologies. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8379-2.ch009.

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For years the traditional documentation of existing architecture has been represented by surveys, carried out with direct measuring, annotations and eidotypes. This approach is still pervasive today, but many modern metrologic technologies, such as digital photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanning, enhanced the information-gathering pipeline particularly in the Cultural Heritage context. This chapter investigates a methodology able to express semantics and parametric interconnections among elements, proposed in order to translate real shapes into “smart” digital architectural components, u
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Garagnani, Simone. "Semantic Representation of Accurate Surveys for the Cultural Heritage." In Civil and Environmental Engineering. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9619-8.ch040.

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For years the traditional documentation of existing architecture has been represented by surveys, carried out with direct measuring, annotations and eidotypes. This approach is still pervasive today, but many modern metrologic technologies, such as digital photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanning, enhanced the information-gathering pipeline particularly in the Cultural Heritage context. This chapter investigates a methodology able to express semantics and parametric interconnections among elements, proposed in order to translate real shapes into “smart” digital architectural components, u
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Bheemasetti Tejo V., Puppala Anand J., Pedarla Aravind, Acharya Raju, and Caballero Santiago R. "Evaluation of stationarity and selection of appropriate transformation for geostatistical modeling of geotechnical projects." In Advances in Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. IOS Press, 2015. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-601-9-559.

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Spatial variability of the soil properties is one of the major concerns for the design and analysis of geotechnical engineering projects. Kriging is a stochastic interpretation tool of geostatistics that considers the spatial variability to predict soil properties at unsampled locations. Often conventional geostatistics rely on second order stationarity, where mean and variances are assumed to be constant. Geostatistics being widely adopted tool for prediction analysis requires the data to be stationary and select appropriate transformation in the case of non-stationary data. In this research
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Tezzele Marco, Demo Nicola, Gadalla Mahmoud, Mola Andrea, and Rozza Gianluigi. "Model Order Reduction by Means of Active Subspaces and Dynamic Mode Decomposition for Parametric Hull Shape Design Hydrodynamics." In Technology and Science for the Ships of the Future. IOS Press, 2018. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-870-9-569.

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We present the results of the application of a parameter space reduction methodology based on active subspaces (AS) to the hull hydrodynamic design problem. Several parametric deformations of an initial hull shape are considered to assess the influence of the shape parameters on the hull wave resistance. Such problem is relevant at the preliminary stages of the ship design, when several flow simulations are carried out by the engineers to establish a certain sensibility with respect to the parameters, which might result in a high number of time consuming hydrodynamic simulations. The main idea
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Erçakıca, Mustafa. "Current Maritime Delimitation Activities in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea: An Evaluation from International Maritime Law Perspective." In Politics, Economy, Security Issues Hidden Under the Carpet of Mediterranean. European Publisher, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/bi.20221101.2.

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The ‘Republic of Cyprus’, which today consists only of Greek Cypriots, has been carrying out activities to limit its marine zones in the Eastern Mediterranean, in order to explore natural resources. Turkey and Turkish Cypriots have been claiming that they also have legal rights over the maritime natural resources in Eastern Mediterranean. Another incident in the Eastern Mediterranean is the 2019 Memorandum of Understanding between Turkey and the UN-recognized government of Libya, namely the Government of National Accord, for delimiting their maritime zones. This is an important treaty for East
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Hobbie, John E., and Neil Bettez. "Climate Forcing at the Arctic LTER Site." In Climate Variability and Ecosystem Response in Long-Term Ecological Research Sites. Oxford University Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195150599.003.0011.

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The Arctic LTER site is located at 68º38'N and 149º43'W, at an elevation of 760 m in the northern foothills of the Brooks Range, Alaska. The location, 208 km south of Prudhoe Bay, was chosen for accessibility to the Dalton Highway, which extends along the Trans-Alaska Oil Pipeline from north of Fairbanks to Prudhoe Bay on the Arctic Ocean (figure 5.1). The rolling foothills at the site are covered with low tundra vegetation (Shaver et al. 1986a), which varies from heaths and lichens in dry sites to sedge tussocks on moist hillslopes to sedge wetlands in valley bottoms and along lakes. Riparian
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Conference papers on the topic "Pipeline out-of-order"

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Hawich, Malte, Jan Szücs, and Holger Blume. "High Temperature In-Order RISC-V Processor with Heterogeneous Pipeline and Out-of-Order Write-Back Mechanism." In 2024 Kleinheubach Conference. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ieeeconf64570.2024.10738940.

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Mbamalu, J. E., and F. O. Edeko. "Integrity Assessment of Pipeline Networks through Close-Interval Potential Survey." In CORROSION 2004. NACE International, 2004. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2004-04192.

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Abstract This work involves a close-interval potential (CIP) data survey on approximately 154Km of Crude Oil/Gas pipeline networks. The CIP was carried out at 5-meter intervals along pipeline right of way (ROW) with a microprocessor controlled data collector (data logger) and a Cu/CuSO4 reference half-cell. The survey runs from Makaraba, Utonana, Abiteye, Dibi, Olero Creek, Opuekeba, and terminating at the Escravos Tank Farm of the western swamp facilities. This study therefore seeks to generate corrosion data with a view to determining weak sections of the pipelines/flowlines. The CIP survey
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Etsion, Yoav, Felipe Cabarcas, Alejandro Rico, et al. "Task Superscalar: An Out-of-Order Task Pipeline." In 2010 43rd Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture (MICRO). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/micro.2010.13.

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Vandierendonck, Hans, Philippe Manet, Thibault Delavallee, Igor Loiselle, and Jean-Didier Legat. "By-passing the out-of-order execution pipeline to increase energy-efficiency." In the 4th international conference. ACM Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1242531.1242548.

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Zhang, Zhenyong, and Tong Lei. "One Design Method of Pipeline in Mined-Out Area." In 2012 9th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2012-90269.

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With the rapid development of oil and gas pipeline construction, there are more and more pipelines have to pass through the mineral deposits area. The surface cracking, subsidence and collapse will be occurred commonly because of the underground goaf after exploitation in mineral deposits area, and pipelines’ safety is faced with hidden troubles. In order to solve the contradiction between the pipeline construction and minerals mining, some research on design method of pipeline in mined-out area was carried out. The goaf subsidence prediction is constituted of subsidence influence factors anal
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Knoop, Franz Martin, Johannes Groß-Weege, and Ulrich Marewski. "Collapse Performance of HTS (Helical Seam Two Step) Welded Line Pipe." In 2006 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2006-10119.

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Line pipe intended for offshore applications has to be designed predominantly with regard to external pressure in order to avoid collapse. High resistance to external pressure is vitally important for the use of pipes in such applications. A test program has been carried out in order to verify the resistance of HTS (helical seam two step) welded line pipe against collapse. It was demonstrated that the two step pipe manufacturing process has a beneficial effect on collapse resistance. HTS pipes therefore shows a good collapse performance compared to the design equations given in relevant offsho
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Papavinasam, S., A. Doiron, T. Panneerselvam, et al. "Methodologies for Evaluating and Qualifying External Pipeline Coatings for Northern Pipelines." In 2006 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2006-10347.

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The design of coatings must be adequate to protect pipelines under long-term, severe environmental conditions, including the extreme climatic conditions that will apply in the North before the pipe is installed and operation begins. Practices and standardised methodologies for evaluating and qualifying pipeline coatings for application in northern pipelines are discussed. Results from laboratory and field experiments, carried out under the conditions to which coatings will be exposed during construction, are presented. Based on 1-year laboratory experiments in which samples were exposed to tem
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Timashev, Sviatoslav A., and Alexander B. Kuzmin. "A Powerful Tool for Assessing Locations of Defects Missed-Out by ILI." In 2004 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0296.

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The paper describes essentials, features and possibilities of a statistical tool that permits assessing the possible location (log distance coordinate) of defects that were missed-out during inline inspection (ILI). The method is based on complete analysis of the results of the latest ILI, using the basic set of ILI tool performance metrics, introduced and substantiated by the first author. The method is based on analysis of a full set of possible outcomes of any ILI measurement, namely: true detection/non-detection; false detection/non-detection. The developed statistical tool uses combined d
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Bueno, A. H. S., B. B. Castro, and J. A. C. Ponciano. "Laboratory Evaluation of Soil Stress Corrosion Cracking and Hydrogen Embrittlement of API Grade Steels." In 2004 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0284.

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Stress corrosion cracking is one among several corrosion processes than can occur on buried pipelines. Efforts must be made in order to prevent this form of corrosion as long as pipeline collapse can cause accidents with high economic costs associated and environmental damage. In the present work, Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) and Hydrogen embrittlement (HE) of pipeline steels in contact with soil was investigated. Samples of different soils were obtained and prepared in order to determine its physical, chemical and bacteriological characteristics. Slow strain rate testing were carried out b
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dos Santos Amaral, Claudio, Alvaro Maia da Costa, Carlos de Oliveira Cardoso, Alejandro Andueza, and Amaury Garcia. "Application of the ZIGZAG Concept to a Heated Pipeline in the Soft Soil of the Guanabara Bay." In 2002 4th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2002-27202.

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In January 2000, a buckling caused by a thermal expansion of a pipeline in the Guanabara Bay/Rio de Janeiro led to the rupture of a 16” pipeline to the leakage of heavy heated MF380 oil into the bay area. In order to avoid such undesired incident, PETROBRAS has carried out research looking for solutions for a new pipeline. As a result the concept of a pipeline with “ZIGZAG” geometry was introduced. There are very few examples of oil industries that apply this concept, especially with the soil conditions of the Guanabara Bay. Several studies were carried out to verify the thermal stability of t
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Reports on the topic "Pipeline out-of-order"

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Wang, Yong-Yi. PR-350-164501-WEB Guidance for Assessing Buried Pipelines after a Ground Movement Event. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011601.

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Date: June 13, 2019 Presenter: Yong-Yi Wang, Center for Reliable Energy Systems Project Team Leader: Michael Cook, ExxonMobil Program Manager: Thomas Marlow, PRCI Dr. Yong-Yi Wang, founder and president of Center for Reliable Energy Systems (CRES) presents his research results related to a PRCI project for assessing buried pipelines after a ground movement event. The research conducted by Dr. Wang set out to improve pipeline design to better accommodate significant localized ground movement such as that caused by landslides, earthquakes, or subsidence/settlement. When such a ground movement ev
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Zurcher, John, and Keith Leewis. PR-302-133606-R01 Improving the Performance of the ECDA Methodology. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010870.

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This study evaluated the effectiveness of ECDA as an inspection methodology and integrity assessment process. This was performed through a series of steps including the following: - Developing and sending out questionnaires to a broad array of pipeline companies. The questionnaire looked for successes and failures with the ECDA process, correlation with other assessment methodologies and issues/gaps with processes and standards. - Conducting interviews with various pipeline companies' integrity management and corrosion control personnel to ascertain ECDA performance and usefulness among other
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Brydie, Dr James, Dr Alireza Jafari, and Stephanie Trottier. PR-487-143727-R01 Modelling and Simulation of Subsurface Fluid Migration from Small Pipeline Leaks. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011025.

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The dispersion and migration behavior of hydrocarbon products leaking at low rates (i.e. 1bbl/day and 10 bbl/day) from a pipeline have been studied using a combination of experimental leakage tests and numerical simulations. The focus of this study was to determine the influence of subsurface engineered boundaries associated with the trench walls, and the presence of a water table, upon the leakage behavior of a range of hydrocarbon products. The project numerically modelled three products including diesel, diluted bitumen (dilbit) and gasoline; which were chosen to span a range of fluid types
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Tiku, Sanjay, Amin Eshraghi, Aaron Dinovitzer, and Arnav Rana. PR-214-114500-R01 Fatigue Life Assessment of Dents with and without Interacting Features. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011540.

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The long-term integrity of a dented pipeline segment is a complex function of a variety of parameters, including pipe geometry, indenter shape, dent depth, indenter support, pressure history at and following indentation. In order to estimate the safe remaining operational life of a dented pipeline, all of these factors must be accounted for in the assessment. The current project provides pipeline operators with a methodology for assessing and managing dent fatigue, thus making it possible to prioritize response and remedial action(s) in an informed manner. The methodology allows the users to c
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Alexander, Chris. PR652-184505-R01 Evaluating Installation Techniques for Pipeline Repair Methods. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0012029.

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A testing program was conducted to evaluate the effects of internal pressure during the installation of composite and steel sleeves repair systems on pipelines with plain dents. The testing program included cyclic pressure testing a group of 12.75-inch OD x 0.188-inch WT, Grade X42 pipe samples with plain dents having residual dent depths on the order of 3% to 4% of the pipe's outside diameter. The dent samples were repaired using four (4) different composite repair systems, type-A steel sleeves, and steel thermal compression sleeves. The composite repair systems included a carbon fiber wet-la
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Lewan. PR-389-114503-R02 Leak Prevention in CO2 Pipeline Valves and Launches by Correct Seal Material Selection. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010537.

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PRCI required guidelines for pipeline valve stem seals in CO2 rich applications such as for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and carbon capture and storage (CCS). In particular, guidance was needed to ascertain when standard O-rings may be used, when a switch to rapid gas decompression (RGD) resistant O-rings is recommended and when O-rings should be replaced by more robust energized lip seals and/or by more robust seal materials. The guidelines would interface with both NORSOK M 710 Rev. 3 and ISO 23936-2, and give specific details on procedures, steps and decisions that have to be taken when atte
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Parkins. L51719 Overview of Intergranular SCC Research Activities. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010136.

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While much has been learned in the last 25 years of the mechanism and controlling parameters in the stress corrosion cracking of pipelines, remaining gaps in knowledge of the problem are indicated. The very early years of investigations followingthe recognition of the problem were concentrated on gathering field data and that was followed by about 20 years of research, largely carried out in laboratories, aimed at obtaining an understanding of the causes of pipelines stress corrosion cracking. While there remain matters that could be studied by laboratory-based research, there appears to be a
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Fuglem. L52246 Damage Management for Operating Pipelines Gap Analysis. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010351.

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Given the extensive and aging infrastructure of pipelines in developed countries, as well as increasingly stringent regulatory requirements, there is a large incentive to improve damage management processes in order to reduce failures and maintain the existing pipeline infrastructure for a longer period of time. Industry is responding by focusing research and development efforts on key damage management concerns. The objectives of this report were: to review previous work relating to damage management of onshore gas and liquid transmission pipelines as conducted by PRCI and other organizations
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Pope and Pope. L51653 Fracture Behavior of Girth Welds Containing Natural Defects Comparison with Existing Standards. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010132.

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The first use of radiographic standards for inspection and acceptance of finished girth welds was adopted by API in 1953. This standard was largely based on the Unfired Pressure Vessel Code� which was adopted by ASME in 1931. At that time and to this day, weld defect acceptance standards are based on workmanship principles. In other words, the so called "Workmanship defect acceptance standards"� reflect the weld quality levels produced by. a trained welder using satisfactory materials, equipment and procedures. For many years exclusive use was made of the API 1104 workmanship defect acceptance
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Wilcox. PR-015-09200-R01A Compressor and Pump Station Incidents and Technology Gaps. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010956.

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In 2008, Pipeline Research Council International (PRCI) took the initiative to identify the main causes of reportable incidents in compressor and pump stations. Data was gathered from several sources including the United States� Department of Transportation Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, Canada�s National Energy Board, and PRCI member companies. More than 1600 incidents were reviewed over an 18 year period (1990 to 2008). The incidents were evaluated based on their frequency of occurrence and the consequences of the incidents (injury, ignition, environmental impact, et
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