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1

Naucke, Torsten J. "Babesiose/Piroplasmose – ein Update." veterinär spiegel 18, no. 01 (2008): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1225482.

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Roels, K., E. Claerebout, and R. Decaluwe. "Vraag & Antwoord." Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift 81, no. 1 (2012): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/vdt.v81i1.18380.

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3

Dalmat, Yann-Mickael. "Brève : L’élevage des équidés menacé par la piroplasmose." Option/Bio 31, no. 625-626 (2020): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0992-5945(20)30250-6.

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4

Springer, Andrea, Carolin Ehrmann, Marion Lembcke, Katja Roscher, and Christina Strube. "Theileria equi-Infektion bei 2 Pferden nach einem Wanderritt in Südfrankreich." Tierärztliche Praxis Ausgabe G: Großtiere / Nutztiere 48, no. 02 (2020): 124–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1110-2998.

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ZusammenfassungDie equine Piroplasmose, ausgelöst durch die protozoären Erreger Theileria equi oder Babesia caballi, ist weltweit in (sub-)tropischen Regionen einschließlich Südeuropa endemisch. In Deutschland hat sie vor allem als Importparasitose Bedeutung. Da Zeckenarten mit Vektorkompetenz für equine Piroplasmen allerdings auch hierzulande vorkommen, ist eine langfristige Etablierung autochthoner Zyklen nach Einschleppung durch Equiden oder Zecken nicht ausgeschlossen. Im vorliegenden Fall erkrankten 2 Pferde nach einem Wanderrittaufenthalt in Südfrankreich an einer T. equi-Infektion. Währ
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5

MI, Abdalla. "Microscopic and Molecular Detection of Camel Anaplasmosis and Piroplasmosis in Banadir region, Somalia." Open Access Journal of Veterinary Science & Research 2, no. 1 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajvsr-16000127.

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The socio - economic importance of dromedary camels ( Camelusdromedarius ) is unique for Somali community. It has been a rich area of research before the civil war. The present study was planned to investigate piroplasmosis and anaplasmosis in camels from Banadir region of Somalia using microscopical (Blood Film) and molecular ( PCR) techniques. A total of 182 camels including semi - intensive dairy camel farms and nomadic (extensive) systems were sampled from three districts in Banadir region between December 2015 and March 2016.The prevalence rate using parasitological and molecul ar examina
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Vianna, Ana Muñoz, Relber Aguiar Gonçales, Ana Paula de Souza Stori de Lara, Luciano da Silva Pinto, Leandro Quintana Nizoli, and Fábio Pereira Leivas Leite. "Expressão heteróloga da EMA-2 (equi merozoite antigen) de Theileria equi em Pichia pastoris com potencial utilização em imunobiológicos." Ciência Rural 44, no. 10 (2014): 1830–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20131003.

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A piroplasmose equina causada por Theileria equi acomete os equinos de forma endêmica no Brasil e em diversos outros países tropicais e subtropicais. Considerada uma das mais importantes doenças de equinos, causa danos à saúde animal e perdas econômicas. A proteína equi merozoite antigen (EMA-2) é uma das principais proteínas de superfície, expressa nos diversos estágios do ciclo do parasita, estimula resposta imune em animais infectados, tornando-se um possível candidato para utilização em diagnóstico. O gene EMA-2 foi clonado e expresso na levedura Pichia pastoris. A proteína EMA-2 recombina
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7

Pasolini, Maria P., Teresa B. Pagano, Alessandro Costagliola, et al. "Inflammatory Myopathy in Horses With Chronic Piroplasmosis." Veterinary Pathology 55, no. 1 (2017): 133–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300985817716262.

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Horses affected by chronic piroplasmosis may develop poor performance and muscle atrophy. Here we investigate the pathological and immunopathological aspects of myopathy occurring in chronic equine piroplasmosis. The study included 16 horses serologically positive for equine piroplasms presenting with clinical signs and supporting serum biochemical evidence of a myopathy. Skeletal muscle was evaluated by histopathology, immunohistochemistry, indirect immunofluorescence, and molecular detection of piroplasms and inflammatory cytokines in skeletal muscle. Histologic lesions included muscle fiber
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8

Muse Osman, Aamir. "Prevalence of Cattle Piroplasmosis and Some Associated Risk Factors in Lower Shabelle Region, Somalia." Open Access Journal of Veterinary Science & Research 5, no. 2 (2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajvsr-16000200.

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Background: Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) cause significant losses among livestock and impact the livelihoods of livestock communities worldwide including Somalia. Infections with Babesia and Theileria species are endemic in Somalia yet there is a lack of adequate information on their prevalence. Objective: The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of Cattle Piroplasmosis in three districts of Lower Shabelle Region, Somalia using microscope and to identify the available tick species found in the sampled cattle during the study. Methods: A total of 127 Cattle blood were examined for Piropla
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9

Idoko, Idoko S., Richard E. Edeh, Andrew M. Adamu, et al. "Molecular and Serological Detection of Piroplasms in Horses from Nigeria." Pathogens 10, no. 5 (2021): 508. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10050508.

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Equine piroplasmosis, an economically important disease of equids caused by the hemoprotozoan parasites Theileria equi, T. haneyi, and Babesia caballi, has a worldwide distribution. These parasites are transmitted by ixodid ticks. To improve the detection of horses in Nigeria exposed to piroplasm parasites, 72 horses with variable clinical signs of piroplasmosis were sampled from Northwest and Northcentral Nigeria and tested by nPCR and cELISA. Blood and serum samples were collected from each horse via jugular venesection. Individually, nPCR or cELISA failed to identify all horses exposed to p
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10

Seifert, Horst. "Beobachtungen über die Epidemiologie der Piroplasmose an der Küste und in den Tälern der Cordillere Nord-Perús* unter den Bedingungen des Wechsels zwischen Trocken- und Regenzeit." Zentralblatt für Veterinärmedizin 9, no. 10 (2010): 989–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0442.1962.tb00429.x.

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11

Onyiche, ThankGod E., Moeti O. Taioe, Ndudim I. Ogo, et al. "Molecular evidence of Babesia caballi and Theileria equi in equines and ticks in Nigeria: prevalence and risk factors analysis." Parasitology 147, no. 11 (2020): 1238–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182020000992.

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AbstractBabesia caballi and Theileria equi are biological agents responsible for equine piroplasmosis (EP). We conducted a robust and extensive epidemiological study in Nigeria on the prevalence and risk factors of EP. Blood (468, both horses and donkeys) and ticks (201 pools) were screened using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). DNA of equine piroplasms was observed in tick pools with B. caballi amplified in Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi only [minimum infection rate (MIR) of 7.6%] while T. equi was observed in R. e. evertsi (MIR, 61.6%), Hyalomma dromedarii (MIR, 23.7%) and H. truncatum (MIR,
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12

Benchikh Elfegoun, Mohamed Chérif, Mohamed Gharbi, Zehira Merzekani, and Karima Kohil. "Piroplasmoses bovines dans les provinces de Skikda et d’Oum El Bouaghi (nord-est de l’Algérie) : étude épidémiologique et estimation des pertes de production laitière." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 70, no. 3 (2018): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.31519.

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Au cours d’une enquête menée dans 88 fermes de deux provinces du nord-est de l’Algérie – Oum El Bouaghi et Skikda –, 89 cas cliniques de piroplasmoses, soit un taux d’infection de 11,6 % des bovins examinés, ont été enregistrés entre mai et septembre 2011 dans 86,4 % des fermes visitées. Trois espèces de piroplasmes ont été identifiées dans les étalements sanguins colorés au Giemsa : Theileria annulata (chez 94,0 % des bovins malades), Babesia bovis (33,7 %) et Babesia bigemina (3,4 %), avec 31 % de co-infections. Il n’y avait pas de différence significative de prévalence entre les deux provin
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13

Woolley, Ian. "Piroplasmosis." Clinical Microbiology Newsletter 20, no. 4 (1998): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0196-4399(01)80047-7.

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14

Wise, L. Nicki, Angela M. Pelzel-McCluskey, Robert H. Mealey, and Donald P. Knowles. "Equine Piroplasmosis." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice 30, no. 3 (2014): 677–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cveq.2014.08.008.

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15

Phipps, L. P. "Equine piroplasmosis." Equine Veterinary Education 8, no. 1 (1996): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3292.1996.tb01647.x.

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16

Phipps, L. P. "Equine piroplasmosis." Equine Veterinary Education 8, S2 (2010): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3292.1996.tb01850.x.

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17

ALI, Shuja, Chihiro SUGIMOTO, and Misao ONUMA. "Equine Piroplasmosis." Journal of Equine Science 7, no. 4 (1996): 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1294/jes.7.67.

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18

Rothschild, Chantal M. "Equine Piroplasmosis." Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 33, no. 7 (2013): 497–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2013.03.189.

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19

Bharai, MJ, JS Patel, VL Parmar, UD Patel, and DT Fefar. "Prevalence of Equine Piroplasmosis in and Around Junagadh in Horses." INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 15, no. 03 (2020): 49–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21887/ijvsbt.15.3.13.

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Equine piroplasmosis (EP), also called babesiosis is a notifiable disease of equines. In the early nineties, equine piroplasmosis was not recognized as a different disease and was often confused with other diseases of equines. To be familiar with the epidemiological status of equine piroplasmosis in horses, retrospective information was retrieved by scrutinizing the data bank of the Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Junagadh for two years (Jan 2017 to Dec 2018) covering 711 equine cases. According to symptoms, the incidence of equine piroplasmosis was 20.00% (41/205) among equine medicinal
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20

Coultous, Robert, Willie Weir, and David Sutton. "Equine piroplasmosis study." Veterinary Record 180, no. 10 (2017): 258.2–258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.j1153.

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21

KOENHEMSİ, LORA, FATMA ATEŞ ALKAN, GİULİA MORGANTİ, BORA Ü. BARUTÇU, and ERMAN M. OR. "Evaluation of trace elements in equine piroplasmosis." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 75, no. 02 (2019): 6230–2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.6230.

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Equine piroplasmosis (EP) is a tick-borne disease caused by Babesia caballi and Theileria equi, which causes a significant economic loss. The aim of this study was to determine the disease-related changes of serum trace elements that play an important role in the immune system. Our study was conducted on 20 horses with piroplasmosis and 20 healthy horses. It was performed to evaluate some of the serum trace element levels (chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg) manganese (Mn), selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), boron (B), and nickel (Ni)) in equine piroplasmosis. The elemen
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22

Rar, V. A., V. A. Marchenko, E. A. Efremova, et al. "Identification of the etiological agent of equine piroplasmosis in Western and Eastern Siberia." Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding 22, no. 2 (2018): 224–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/vj18.351.

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Equine piroplasmosis is a natural tick-borne infection caused by hemoprotozoan parasites of the order Piroplasmida, Babesia caballi and Theileria equi. Animals that recover from piroplasmosis remain persistently infected carriers and can transmit pathogens to vector ticks. Cases of equine piroplasmosis are periodically observed in Siberia, however, no agent of equine piroplasmosis has yet been genetically characterized in Russia. The aim of this work was studying the prevalence of the infectious agents of piroplasmosis in horses from Siberia and genotyping the detected agents. Blood samples fr
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23

Wise, L. N., L. S. Kappmeyer, R. H. Mealey, and D. P. Knowles. "Review of Equine Piroplasmosis." Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 27, no. 6 (2013): 1334–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.12168.

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24

Quigley, James. "Piroplasmosis and the olympics." Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 14, no. 4 (1994): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0737-0806(06)81921-0.

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25

de Waal, D. T. "Equine piroplasmosis: A review." British Veterinary Journal 148, no. 1 (1992): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0007-1935(92)90061-5.

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26

Ibrahim, Abdalla Mohamed, Ahmed A. H. Kadle, and Hamisi Said Nyingilili. "Microscopic and Molecular Detection of Camel Piroplasmosis in Gadarif State, Sudan." Veterinary Medicine International 2017 (2017): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9345231.

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The socioeconomic importance of camels (Camelus dromedarius) could not be neglected in the Sudan. The present study was planned to confirm the presence of piroplasmosis in camels from the Eastern region of the Sudan (Gedarif State) using microscopical (blood film) and molecular technique (PCR). A total of 55 camels of different sexes (34 females and 21 males) were sampled from four localities of the state between January 2011 and January 2012. The prevalence rates using parasitological and molecular examinations were 43.6% and 74.5%, respectively. The prevalence rates significantly vary betwee
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27

Tamzali, Y. "Equine piroplasmosis: An updated review." Equine Veterinary Education 25, no. 11 (2013): 590–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eve.12070.

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28

Duzlu, Onder. "Molecular identification of bovine piroplasmosis." Journal of Biotechnology 161 (November 2012): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2012.07.189.

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29

Scoles, Glen A., and Massaro W. Ueti. "Vector Ecology of Equine Piroplasmosis." Annual Review of Entomology 60, no. 1 (2015): 561–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-010814-021110.

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30

RJEIBI, MOHAMED R., SAFA AMAIRIA, MARIEM ROUATBI, FATMA BEN SALEM, MOEZ MABROUK, and MOHAMED GHARBI. "Molecular prevalence and genetic characterization of piroplasms in dogs from Tunisia." Parasitology 143, no. 12 (2016): 1622–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003118201600113x.

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SUMMARYIn this study, the prevalence of piroplasms in dogs was assessed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identifyBabesiaandTheileriaspecies in 200 dogs from Northern and Central Tunisia between spring and autumn 2014. The overall molecular prevalence for piroplasms was 14·5% ± 0·05 (29/200); PCR detected 2 species, namelyBabesia vogeliandTheileria annulatawith an overall prevalence of 12·5 ± 0·04 and 2% ± 0·02, respectively. No differences in the molecular prevalences ofB. vogeliwere revealed for age and sex (P> 0·05). The molecular prevalence ofB. vogeliwas significantly higher in
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31

González Jiménez, Indrid Marcela, Fernando Favian Castro Castro, Fredy Javier Angarita Alonso, and Luis Gabriel Rivera Calderón. "Utilización de PCR para la identificación de Piroplasmosis equina en un criadero de Jamundí (Colombia)." Revista de Investigación Agraria y Ambiental 12, no. 1 (2020): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22490/21456453.3543.

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Contextualización: la piroplasmosis equina es una enfermedad transmitida por garrapatas, causada por protozoarios de la especie Babesia caballi y Theileria equi. Los animales afectados presentan diferentes signos clínicos que incluyen anemia, fiebre, ictericia y depresión. Los equinos infectados con T. equi pueden ser portadores de manera vitalicia del parasito, mientras que aquellos que contraen B. caballi pueden diseminarlo por algunos años hasta finalmente quedar libres de la infección.
 Vacío de investigación: en Colombia existen pocos estudios sobre el aislamiento e identificación de
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32

OGUZ, B., N. ÖZDAL, M. S. DEGER, and K. BICEK. "Molecular Investigation and Genotyping of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi in Horses in Mus Province, Turkey." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 71, no. 4 (2021): 2531. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.25932.

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Equine Piroplasmosis (EP) is a tick-borne disease caused by Theileria equi and Babesia caballi of the phylum Apicomplexa. In this study, 102 blood samples were randomly collected from the horses in Mus province of Turkey. PCR analysis, gene sequences, and phylogenetic analyses were carried out for detecting the presence and genotypic characteristics of species that cause piroplasmosis. Four (3.9%) of the 102 horses that were examined were found to be positive for T. equi, while B. caballi was not detected. Theileria equi isolates that were detected in the sequence analyses were found to be 100
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33

Khamassi Khbou, Médiha, Mariem Rouatbi, Rihab Romdhane, et al. "Tick Infestation and Piroplasm Infection in Barbarine and Queue Fine de l’Ouest Autochthonous Sheep Breeds in Tunisia, North Africa." Animals 11, no. 3 (2021): 839. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11030839.

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As ticks and tick-borne pathogens affect the productivity of livestock, searching for genetically resistant breeds to infestation by ticks may represent an alternative to the overuse of chemical drugs. The aim of this study was to assess if there is a difference in tick infestation among the main sheep breeds in Tunisia. The study was carried out between April 2018 and January 2020 in 17 small to middle-sized sheep flocks from 3 regions across Tunisia. Four hundred and thirty-nine ear-tagged ewes from Barbarine (n = 288, 65.6%) and Queue Fine de l’Ouest (QFO) (n = 151, 34.4%) breeds were exami
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34

Criado-Fornelio, A. "The “expanding universe” of piroplasms." Veterinary Parasitology 119, no. 4 (2004): 337–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2003.11.015.

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35

Paparini, Andrea, Linda M. McInnes, Daniela Di Placido, et al. "Piroplasms of New Zealand seabirds." Parasitology Research 113, no. 12 (2014): 4407–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-014-4118-z.

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36

Papadopoulos, Byron, Michel Brossard, and Nan Marie Perié. "Piroplasms of domestic animals in the Macedonia region of Greece 2. Piroplasms of cattle." Veterinary Parasitology 63, no. 1-2 (1996): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4017(95)00845-4.

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37

Short, Michael A., Carol K. Clark, John W. Harvey, et al. "Outbreak of equine piroplasmosis in Florida." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 240, no. 5 (2012): 588–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.240.5.588.

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38

Cronaua, Peter F. "Piroplasmosis and the 1996 olympic games." Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 14, no. 4 (1994): 219–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0737-0806(06)81923-4.

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39

Peirce, M. A., M. D. Anderson, and B. L. Penzhorn. "Piroplasmosis in the aardwolf (Proteles cristatus)." Veterinary Record 149, no. 18 (2001): 561–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.149.18.561.

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40

Al-Rammahi, Hayder Mohammad, Abdulameer Abed Hatem, and Asaad Chasib Al-Atabi. "Molecular detection and occurrence of equine theileriosis in Arabian horses in Al-Najaf province/Iraq." Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science 57, no. 3 (2020): e166996. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2020.166996.

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This study was designed to detect equine piroplasmosis using the molecular technique in Al-Najaf province during the season that showed an increment in tick activities. Blood samples were collected from 110 horses with more than two signs of piroplasmosis. After DNA extraction, the product was examined by a polymerase chain reaction to amplify 18SrRNA. The results showed that the overall percentage of equine theileriosis was 38.18%. According to gender, the percentage of infection was 43.48% and 29.27% in females and males, respectively. Significant variations appeared between infected horses
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41

KJEMTRUP, A. M., J. THOMFORD, T. ROBINSON, and P. A. CONRAD. "Phylogenetic relationships of human and wildlife piroplasm isolates in the western United States inferred from the 18S nuclear small subunit RNA gene." Parasitology 120, no. 5 (2000): 487–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003118209900582x.

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The 18S nuclear small subunit ribosomal RNA gene of piroplasms from wildlife and human cases of babesiosis in the western USA were isolated by PCR and sequenced. Phylogenetic analyses of these sequences and comparisons with sequences from other Babesia and Theileria species revealed that piroplasm isolates from the human cases were indistinguishable from some of the isolates from the western wildlife species, most notably the isolates from mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus). These results suggest that large ungulates may serve as reservoirs for human piroplasm infection. The western piroplasm iso
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42

Prochno, Hanna Carolina, Lucas Milléo Scorsin, Fatiane Rodrigues De Melo, et al. "Seroprevalence rates of antibodies against Theileria equi in team roping horses from central-western region of Paraná." Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 23, no. 1 (2014): 85–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612014012.

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The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of Theileria equi in horses from central western region of Paraná state, Brazil. The presence of antibodies IgG against T. equi was determined in serum samples obtained from 400 team roping horses of the district of Guarapuava by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results showed that 242 (61%) animals were positive which demonstrates that equine piroplasmosis is widespread and therefore it might be a contributing factor for the irregular performance among athletes horses in the region studied. No association regarding age and
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43

Papadopoulos, Byron, Michel Brossard, and Nan Marie Perié. "Piroplasms of domestic animals in the Macedonia region of Greece 3. Piroplasms of small ruminants." Veterinary Parasitology 63, no. 1-2 (1996): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4017(95)00846-2.

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44

Cohn, Leah A., Dan Shaw, Catherine Shoemake, and Adam J. Birkenheuer. "Second illness due to subsequent Cytauxzoon felis infection in a domestic cat." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports 6, no. 1 (2020): 205511692090896. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2055116920908963.

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Case summary A castrated male domestic shorthair cat from a wooded area in Missouri had recovered from typical severe cytauxzoonosis at 4 years of age, after intensive in-hospital supportive care and administration of atovaquone and azithromycin. At 11 years of age, the same cat again experienced an acute febrile illness compatible with cytauxzoonosis. Intraerythrocytic piroplasms typical of Cytauxzoon felis were identified by cytology. The owners opted for euthanasia but allowed collection of splenic and hepatic tissue for histopathologic examination. Schizont-laden macrophages were identifie
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45

Allsopp, M. T. E. P., T. Cavalier-Smith, D. T. De Waal, and B. A. Allsopp. "Phylogeny and evolution of the piroplasms." Parasitology 108, no. 2 (1994): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000068232.

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SUMMARYSmall subunit ribosomal RNA (srRNA) genes of three Theileria species, one Cytauxzoon and four Babesia species were amplified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), cloned and sequenced. Our sequences were aligned with srRNA sequences previously published for eight species of Apicomplexa, one ciliate and one dinoflagellate, the last two being included as free-living outgroup species. Phylogenetic relationships between the organisms were inferred by four in-dependent methods of phylogenetic tree construction using the ciliate Oxytricha nova to root the trees. Our trees fail to show a
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Ghafar, Abdul, Anson V. Koehler, Ross S. Hall, Charles G. Gauci, Robin B. Gasser, and Abdul Jabbar. "Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing and Informatics as an Effective Tool to Establish the Composition of Bovine Piroplasm Populations in Endemic Regions." Microorganisms 9, no. 1 (2020): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9010021.

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Protists of the genera Babesia and Theileria (piroplasms) cause some of the most prevalent and debilitating diseases for bovines worldwide. In this study, we established and used a next-generation sequencing-informatic approach to explore the composition of Babesia and Theileria populations in cattle and water buffalo in a country (Pakistan) endemic for these pathogens. We collected individual blood samples from cattle (n = 212) and water buffalo (n = 154), extracted genomic DNAs, PCR-amplified the V4 hypervariable region of 18S small subunit rRNA gene from piroplasms, sequenced amplicons usin
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Sakhimov, Mahmadin R. "Chemotherapy against piroplasmosis and anaplasmosis in cattle." Agricultural Technologies 1, no. 3 (2019): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.35599/agritech/01.03.07.

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It has been established that Teilercid is a specific medication in the treatment of cattle theileriosis. Two-time intramuscular injection of Teilercid in a dose of 1 ml per 20 kg of live weight with an interval of 48 hours in combination with symptomatic and pathogenic agents has a high therapeutic effect against cattle theileriosis. Babesan is established to have high therapeutic efficacy in babesiosis (Babesia bigemina) and cattle anaplasmosis (Anaplasma marginale) at a dose of 2.0 and 3.0 ml per 100 kg of live weight, respectively, injected intramuscularly in combination with symptomatic an
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Scoles, Glen A., H. Joel Hutcheson, Jack L. Schlater, Steven G. Hennager, Angela M. Pelzel, and Donald P. Knowles. "Equine Piroplasmosis Associated withAmblyomma cajennenseTicks, Texas, USA." Emerging Infectious Diseases 17, no. 10 (2011): 1903–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1710.101182.

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Higuchi, S. "Bovine piroplasmosis in Japan: Its life cycles." Tohoku Journal Veterinary Clinics, no. 12 (1989): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4190/jjvc1978.1989.1.

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Boldbaatar, Damdinsuren, Xuenan Xuan, Badgar Battsetseg, et al. "Epidemiological study of equine piroplasmosis in Mongolia." Veterinary Parasitology 127, no. 1 (2005): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2004.08.021.

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